Hi Goodmorning !!

My name is Mhikaela Animo, and I’m here with Judel Red to discuss the Criteria
in Choosing Appropriate Assessment Tools
- So The Assessment methods are the strategies, techniques, tools and instruments for collecting
information to determine the extent to which students demonstrate desired learning outcomes.
Teachers need to select tools to assess student achievement in the target outcome(s).
- Student learning styles vary widely and their strengths and challenges with respect to assessment
vary as well. Teachers need to consider that variation as they choose assessments for their courses.
By varying the way teachers assess student understanding, they are more likely to offer opportunities
for every student to demonstrate their knowledge.

The first step in attaining competency in selecting appropriate tests involves understanding the
purpose or purposes for which an assessment is given. According to Mehrens (2001) as cited in
McDivitt and Gibson.in its broadest sense, the purpose of any assessment is to gather data to
facilitate decision making. However, many kinds of decisions and many different types of information
may be gained from the use of tests and may serve to facilitate decision making. The following may
be considered in choosing appropriate assessment tools: (1) goals of assessment (2) methods of
assessment, either direct or indirect; and (3) the interval in giving assessment.

- One of the challenges for beginning teachers is to select and use appropriate assessment
techniques suited to the learners' needs. During teaching, teachers not only have to communicate the
information they planned but also continuously monitor students learning and motivation in order to
determine whether modifications have to be made. Beginning teachers find this more difficult than
experienced teachers because of the complex cognitive skills required to improvise and be
responsive to students' needs while simultaneously keeping in mind the goals and plans of the
lesson.
-----Examples of direct method are examinations, written assignments, oral presentations and
performances, internship supervisor's ratings of student skills, portfolios, score gains between entry
and exit tests, capstone projects, theses and dissertations, etc.
-----Examples of this indirect method: Student satisfaction surveys, surveys of students and alumni,
exit interviews with graduating students, student participation rates, reflective essays, data on
placement and other measures of post-graduation performance, etc.
There are two (2) types of rubric:
-- Analytic rubrics describe work on each criterion separately. It utilizes separate, holistic ratings of
specific characteristics, products, or behaviors.
-- Holistic rubrics describe the work by applying all the criteria at the same time and enabling an
overall judgment about the quality of the work. It utilizes holistic rating for a product or behavior.
----Technology can be used for assessing student learning in various purposes. By using technology
in managing assessment information data can be presented in different ways to meet the needs of
the students, teachers and administrators.

Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and Resources
Technology has become an integral part of our lives. It has created a great impact that whether we
like it or not, we have become prone to safety issues. Our privacy can be intruded; our social
relationships can be affected. But it is not just enough that we keep ourselves safe, we should also
possess the skills on how we can act responsibly so as not to pose harm to others. Thus, this Module
will walk you through this issue.
Lesson 1: Digital Citizenship vs. Global Citizenship
Since we are considered citizens of the community we live in, then as users of the internet we can
also call ourselves as citizens of the digital world where we live, learn, and work in an interconnected
manner. Digital citizenship is an idea that all persons using the internet have civic rights and
responsibilities. It centers around safe, savvy and ethical use of technology.
---Global citizen sees the world as a community in which all people live and prosper together.
He/she understands that his/her actions contribute to the values of the entire planet and he/she is
concerned on how he/she participates in and contributes to the entire world. A Digital citizen, on the
other hand, adheres to guidelines that govern the ethical and responsible use of technology and acts
responsibly in all relationships and interactions in the digital world.
--Global Digital Citizen is a responsible, ethical citizen leveraging technology to foster community on
a global scale through connection and compassion. The Global Digital Citizen understands that we
can govern technology for the benefit of both ourselves and others. It is a citizen that views the world
as an interconnected community. Additionally, the digital citizen realizes that we simultaneously share
technological and human experiences regardless of culture, status, or political/ religious beliefs.
*Five Tenets of Global Digital Citizenship
Personal responsibility
Personal responsibility
--Digital Citizenship
Digital citizenship covers appropriate and exemplary behavior in our online environments. It's about
working towards making our transparent digital world safe for ourselves and others. Just like personal
responsibility, this involves moving accountability for appropriate behavior to our students. We teach
them how to govern their behavior, act in just and moral ways, and lead by good example in all online
associations. In doing so, they foster independence within themselves and hopefully light the way for
others to do the same.
--Altruistic service
Altruism is defined as "having a selfless concern for the well-being of others." The Global Digital
Citizens acknowledge that they share this world with many different people. These ideals apply to the
people we know, but also to those we don't know. These include embracing the opportunity to
exercise charity and goodwill for the benefit of others. The practice of altruistic service provides
opportunities for our students to create meaningful connections to the real world. It gives them the
chance to reach out to others and do things that can make a person's experiences better or casier in
everyday life. This produces a sense of community and well-being for all.
Environmental stewardship

Why Do We Need to be Global Digital Citizens?

*Elements of Digital Citizenship
Digital citizenship is now a component of digital citizenship, Under digital citizenship, there are nine
elements.
---Digital access
-Equal digital rights and electronic access is the starting point of digital citizenship. Digital access is
supposed to be available to all in the same manner that education is made sure by the Philippine
government to be available to all citizens. Despite this law, however, many are still deprived of
internet access and therefore deprived of some resources. To become productive citizens, we need
to provide and expand access to technology and we need to be committed that no one is denied
digital access.
Digital commerce
---Digital communication
It is another element of Digital Citizenship that we seem to be embracing wholeheartedly. Digital
communication is the electronic exchange of communication which includes emailing, texting, instant
messaging, utilizing cell phones, et digital communication continues to grow, it is important that we do
not forget how to communicate face to face. We have to utilize digital channels of communication to
enhance our ability to communicate, but do not allow it to replace our ability to communicate.
Digital literacy
---Digital Etiquette
This refers to the electronic standards of conduct or procedure. This is often seen as one of the most
pressing problems when dealing with Digital Citizenship. Browsing social media sites have become
so addictive that young people tend to lose distinction between what is appropriate and what is not. It
begins with rules. It is not enough however to create rules and policies, everyone must be taught to
become responsible digital citizens.
Digital Law
---Digital Rights and Responsibilities
"For every right, there is a corresponding duty and for every privilege, there corresponding
responsibility." The privileges of digital access come along with a responsibility. Just as the Philippine
constitution protects us with rights of being Filipino citizens such as the right to privacy, we also have
the responsibility to be cautious in our online activities such as posting our photos and videos online.
---Digital Health and Wellness
Our physical and psychological well-being in a digital technology world should be a priority.
Many illnesses have become associated with technology use such as carpal tunnel syndrome,
eyestrain and childhood obesity as an effect of children's prolonged sitting in front of the computer
screen. Technology has also posed an inherent danger of addiction and threat from online predators.
Thus, children and adults alike must learn how to protect themselves as digital citizens through
education and training.
Digital Security

Lesson 2: Netizenship and Netiquette in Online Communities

-- a netizen, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary (26 April 2018) is an active participant in
the online community of the internet. The medical dictionary refers to it as an internet citizen who
uses networked resources, which connotes civic responsibility and participation. Thus netizenship
means citizenship in the internet or in the virtual world.
As responsible netizens, we are all expected to support a healthy interaction on the internet. A
netiquette, or the rules of socially accepted behavior online have to be observed in writing an email, in
texting, and other communications on the web
. Below are some netiquette guidelines:
Protect your reputation.
Respect others.
--Express yourself clearly and use emoticons. Communication online is difficult because emotions
are not evident during communication. Miscommunication usually takes place because your facial
expression and your body language cannot be seen and the tone of your voice cannot be heard.
Thus, emoticons are readily available to show your emotions.
--Remember the intellectual property. Ideas online are products of intelligence of others. If you
need to cite them, acknowledge the authors. You definitely do not want to steal properties of others.
Check spelling, grammar and punctuation.
Pause before you post.
--Do not share your personal information. Sharing your personal information online is like going
around the streets wearing a shirt printed with your name, birthday, address, name of parents, etc.
You definitely do not want to reveal all these to many people. Besides, providing all these publicly will
make you prone to identity theft.
--Think about who or what you are representing. As a son/daughter, you represent your family. As
a student, you represent your school. You do not want your family or school to be put to shame by
what you do.
******Each of us has a significant contribution to the kind of community we have in the virtual world.
As the Association of American Medical Colleges (2015 in www. cyberbullying.org) says it, "We are
responsible for the public face' that the connected world sees". Consequently, our individual digital
reputation is shaped by our posts on social media.

Lesson 3: Intellectual Property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

Copyright
Copyright refers to the legal right given to the owner of the original work or intellectual property.
These "works" are original intellectual creations in the literary and artistic domain protected from the
moment of their creation

The internet is a very rich source of these materials and we should be careful in using them. These
works are protected by the sole fact of their creation, irrespective of their form or mode of creation as
well as of their content, quality and purpose. Now that copy and paste are very accessible commands
in our computer toolbars, we should try not to violate the copyright laws otherwise we could be
accused of copyright infringement. Copyright infringement is the use of works without permission
where the copyright holder has the exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the
protected work, or to make derivative works. Proper citations. should be used when including them in
our output.