SERIES

1 (a) The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are lg 3, 3 lg 3, 5 lg 3. Given that the sum to n
terms of this progression can be written as 256 lg 81, find the value of n. [5]

(b) DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR IN THIS PART OF THE QUESTION.

The first three terms of a geometric progression are ln 256, ln 16, ln 4. Find the sum to infinity
of this progression, giving your answer in the form p ln 2. [4]

The first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the expansion of b1 + l (2 - 3x) 3 can be written
x 12
2
6
in the form 8 + px + qx 2 , where p and q are constants. Find the values of p and q. [8]

3 (a) (i) Write down, in ascending powers of x, the first three terms in the expansion of (1 + 4x) n.
Simplify each term. [2]

(ii) In the expansion of (1 + 4x) n (1 - 4x) the coefficient of x 2 is 6032. Given that n 2 0, find
the value of n. [3]

10
x 8
(b) Find the term independent of x in the expansion of e - 4 o . [2]
2 x

4 (a) A geometric progression has first term a and common ratio r, where r 2 0. The second term of
this progression is 8. The sum of the third and fourth terms is 160.

(i) Show that r satisfies the equation r 2 + r - 20 = 0. [4]

(ii) Find the value of a. [3]

(b) An arithmetic progression has first term p and common difference 2. The qth term of this
progression is 14.
A different arithmetic progression has first term p and common difference 4. The sum of the first
q terms of this progression is 168.

Find the values of p and q. [6]

8
(a) Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x , in the expansion of e 2 - 3 x o . Write your
2 1 2 2
5
coefficients as rational numbers. [3]
8
(b) Find the coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of e - x 2o b2x + l .
2
1 2 1
[3]
2 3 x

6 A geometric progression is such that its sum to 4 terms is 17 times its sum to 2 terms. It is given that the
common ratio of this geometric progression is positive and not equal to 1.

(a) Find the common ratio of this geometric progression. [3]

(b) Given that the 6th term of the geometric progression is 64, find the first term. [2]

(c) Explain why this geometric progression does not have a sum to infinity. [1]
127 (a) Expand (2 - 3x) 4 , evaluating all of the coefficients. [4]

(b) The sum of the first three terms in ascending powers of x in the expansion of (2 - 3x) 4 b1 + l
a
x
32
is + b + cx, where a, b and c are integers. Find the values of each of a, b and c. [4]
x

8 (a) The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are x, 5x - 4 and 8x + 2 . Find x and the common
difference. [4]

(b) The first three terms of a geometric progression are y, 5y - 4 and 8y + 2 .

(i) Find the two possible values of y. [4]

(ii) For each of these values of y, find the corresponding value of the common ratio. [2]

9 An arithmetic progression has first term a and common difference d. The third term is 13 and the tenth
term is 41.

(a) Find the value of a and of d. [4]

(b) Find the number of terms required to give a sum of 2555. [4]

(c) Given that S n is the sum to n terms, show that S2k - Sk = 3k (1 + 2k) . [4]

The first 3 terms in the expansion of `a + xj b1 - l , in ascending powers of x, can be written in the
3 x5
10
3
form 27 + bx + cx 2 , where a, b and c are integers. Find the values of a, b and c. [8]

11 (a) The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are -4, 8, 20. Find the smallest number of terms
for which the sum of this arithmetic progression is greater than 2000. [4]

(b) The 7th and 9th terms of a geometric progression are 27 and 243 respectively. Given that the
geometric progression has a positive common ratio, find

(i) this common ratio, [2]

(ii) the 30th term, giving your answer as a power of 3. [2]

r r
(c) Explain why the geometric progression 1, sin i , sin 2 i , … for - 1i1 , where i is in
2 2
radians, has a sum to infinity. [2]

12 (a) Find the first 3 terms in the expansion, in ascending powers of x, of (a - 3x) 10 , where a is a
constant. [3]

(b) Given that a is positive and that the three terms found in part (a) can also be written as
405 2
p + qx + x , find the value of each of the constants a, p and q. [3]
256
13 The 2nd, 8th and 44th terms of an arithmetic progression form the first three terms of a geometric
progression. In the arithmetic progression, the first term is 1 and the common difference is positive.

(a) (i) Show that the common difference of the arithmetic progression is 5. [5]

(ii) Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic progression. [2]

(b) (i) Find the 5th term of the geometric progression. [2]

(ii) Explain whether or not the sum to infinity of this geometric progression exists. [1]

14 Using the binomial theorem, expand (1 + e 2x) 4 , simplifying each term. [2]

15 (a) The first term of an arithmetic progression is –5 and the fifth term is 7. Find the sum of the first
40 terms of this progression. [4]

(b) A geometric progression has third term of 8 and sixth term of 0.064. Find the sum to infinity of
this progression. [4]

The 7th and 10th terms of an arithmetic progression are 158 and 149 respectively.

(a) Find the common difference and the first term of the progression. [3]

(b) Find the least number of terms of the progression for their sum to be negative. [3]

Find the coefficient of x2 in the expansion of bx - xlbx + xl .

5
3 2
17 [5]

1
5 Given that the coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of
18
positive integer n.
(1 + x) b1 - l
xn
2
is
25
4
, find the value of the
[5]

19 A geometric progression has a first term of 3 and a second term of 2.4. For this progression, find

(a) the sum of the first 8 terms, [3]

(b) the sum to infinity, [1]

(c) the least number of terms for which the sum is greater than 95% of the sum to infinity. [4]

20 (a) The sum of the first 4 terms of an arithmetic progression is 38 and the sum of the next 4 terms is
86. Find the first term and the common difference. [5]

(b) The third term of a geometric progression is 12 and the sixth term is -96. Find the sum of the first
10 terms of this progression. [6]

21 (a) An arithmetic progression has a second term of -14 and a sum to 21 terms of 84. Find the
first term and the 21st term of this progression. [5]
 (b) A geometric progression has a second term of 27p 2 and a fifth term of p 5 . The common ratio, r, is
such that 0 1 r 1 1.

(i) Find r in terms of p. [2]

(ii) Hence find, in terms of p, the sum to infinity of the progression. [3]

(iii) Given that the sum to infinity is 81, find the value of p. [2]

b4 - x l in ascending powers of x. Give each term in

6
22 (a) Find the first 3 terms in the expansion of
16
its simplest form. [3]

x 6b
(b) Hence find the term independent of x in the expansion of b4 - l x - 1l .
2
[3]
16 x

23 (a) Expand (2 − x)5, simplifying each coefficient. [3]

e (2 - x) # e 80x
5

= e -x .
5
(b) Hence solve [4]
e 10x +32
4

24 (a) The first 5 terms of a sequence are given below.

4 -2 1 - 0.5 0.25

(i) Find the 20th term of the sequence. [2]

(ii) Explain why the sum to infinity exists for this sequence and find the value of this sum. [2]

(b) The tenth term of an arithmetic progression is 15 times the second term. The sum of the first
6 terms of the progression is 87.

(i) Find the common difference of the progression. [4]

(ii) For this progression, the nth term is 6990. Find the value of n. [3]

25 The first three terms in the expansion of b1 - l (1 - 2x) 4 can be written as 1 + ax + bx 2 . Find the value
x 14
7
of each of the constants a and b. [6]

26 The first four terms in the expansion of (1 + ax) 5 (2 + bx) are 2 + 32x + 210x 2 + cx 3 , where a, b and c are
integers. Show that 3a2 − 16a + 21 = 0 and hence find the values of a, b and c. [8]

The first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, in the expansion of `2 + bxj

8
27 (i) can be written as
a + 256x + cx2. Find the value of each of the constants a, b and c. [4]

(ii) Using the values found in part (i), find the term independent of x in the expansion of

`2 + bxj b2x - 3l .
8 2
[3]
x
 (a) In the binomial expansion of ba - l , the coefficient of x3 is 120 times the coefficient of x5 . Find
x6
28
2
the possible values of the constant a. [4]

(b) (i) Expand (1 + 2x) 20 in ascending powers of x, as far as the term in x 3. Simplify each term. [2]

(ii) Use your expansion to show that the value of 0.9820 is 0.67 to 2 decimal places. [2]

12
29 The 7th term in the expansion of (a+b x) in ascending powers of x is 924x6 . It is given that a and b are
positive constants.
1
(i) Show that b = . [2]
a
The 6th term in the expansion of (a + bx) 12 in ascending powers of x is 198x 5 .

(ii) Find the value of a and of b. [4]

30 (a) In the expansion of (2 + px) 5 the coefficient of x 3 is equal to - 8 . Find the value of the constant p.
25
[3]
8
1
(b) Find the term independent of x in the expansion of e2x 2 + o . [3]
4x 2

J 1 NO
8
31 K
(i) Find the first 3 terms in the expansion of K2x - O in descending powers of x. [3]
L 16 x P

J 1 NO JK 1
8 N2
(ii) Hence find the coefficient of x4 K
in the expansion of K2x - O K 2 + 1OO . [3]
L 16 x P Lx P

J 1 NO
5
K b c
32 (i) The first three terms in the expansion of K3 - O can be written as a + + 2 . Find the value
9xP x x
of each of the constants a, b and c. L [3]

(ii) Use your values of a, b and c to find the term independent of x in the expansion of
J N5
KK3 - 1 OO (2 + 9x) 2 . [3]
L 9xP

J x 2NO
5
K
33 (i) Find, in ascending powers of x, the first 3 terms in the expansion of K2 - O . [3]
L 4P

J x 2NO JK1 3 NO
5 2
K
(ii) Hence find the term independent of x in the expansion of K2 - O K - 2O . [3]
L 4 P Lx x P

6
c2 - x m . Give each term in
2
34 (i) Find, in ascending powers ofx, the first 3 terms in the expansion of
4
its simplest form. [3]
6 2
(ii) Hence find the coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of c2 - m c + xm .
x2 1
[4]
4 x
 J Nn
K xO are 81 + ax + bx 2 . Find the value of each of the constants
35 The first 3 terms in the expansion of K3 - O
n, a and b. L 6P [5]

65 (i) Given that a is a constant, expand (2 + ax) 4 , in ascending powers of x, simplifying each term of
35
your expansion. [2]

Given also that the coefficient of x2 is equal to the coefficient of x3,

(ii) show that a = 3, [1]

(iii) use your expansion to show that the value of 1.974 is 15.1 to 1 decimal place. [2]

J 1N
5
2
37 (i) Find the first 3 terms in the expansion of K2x - O , in descending powers of x. [3]
L 3xP

1 NJ 1N
J 5
(ii) Hence find the coefficient of x7 in the expansion of K3 + 3OK2x 2 - O . [2]
L x PL 3xP

J N6
K xO . [3]
38 (i) Find, in ascending powers of x, the first 3 terms in the expansion of 2 -
L 4P

3 NJ xN
J 6
2
(ii) Hence find the term independent of x in the expansion of K4 + + 2O 2 -
K O . [3]
L x x PL 4P

39 (i) The first 3 terms in the expansion of c2 - m are

1 5 b c
a+ + . Find the value of each of the
4x x x2
integers a, b and c. [3]

(ii) Hence find the term independent of x in the expansion of c2 -

1 m5 ^
3 + 4xh. [2]
4x

40 (a) (i) Use the Binomial Theorem to expand ^a + bh4 , giving each term in its simplest form. [2]

J 1N
4
(ii) Hence find the term independent of x in the expansion of K2x + O . [2]
L 5xP

J xN
n
5n
3
(b) The coefficient of x in the expansion of 1 +
K O equals . Find the value of the positive
2P 12
integer n. L [3]
 MARK SCHEME

1(a) Common difference = 2 lg 3 B1 Must be exact

n M1 For use of the sum formula

(2 lg 3 + (n – 1)2 lg 3) = 256 lg 81
2
n
or (lg 9 + (n – 1)lg 9) = 512lg 9
2

lg 81 = 4 lg 3 soi B1 Allow when working with decimal

or lg 81 = 2 lg 9 soi

n2 = 1024 oe M1 Dep on first M mark, for attempt to

simplify the sum equation by dividing
through by lg 3 oe to obtain an equation
in n only

n = 32 cao A1 Must have exact working through out

1(b) ln 256 = 4 ln 4, ln 16 = 2 ln 4 oe M1 For use of power rule to obtain the

common ratio

Common ratio = 0.5 A1

4ln 4 M1 Allow ln 256 for first term and their r

S  oe provided it is positive and < 1
1  their r

16 ln 2 A1

2  x
12
11x 2 2 B2 for 3 correct terms
1    1  2 x  B1 for 2 correct terms
 6 6

 2  3x 
3
 8  36 x  54 x 2 ... 2 B2 for 3 correct terms
B1 for 2 correct terms

Term in x: 36x  16x M1 A correct method using their terms

or coefficients, must be considering
2 terms

p  20 soi A1

88 2 M1 A correct method using their terms

Term in x 2 : x  54 x 2  72 x 2 or coefficients, must be considering
6
3 terms

10 A1
q soi
3
3(a)(i) 1 + 4nx + 8n(n – 1)x2 B2 B1 for any two correct terms
or all 3 correct but listed not
summed

3(a)(ii) 8n(n – 1) – 16n M1 FT from (i) identifying

correct terms and combining
their coefficient of x2 – 4 
their coefficient of x

Solves or factorises their 3-term quadratic in n only M1 Forms a 3-term quadratic = 0

and solves except allow ‘= a
constant’ if they go on to
complete to square

n = 29 only A1

3(b) 8
x  8 
2 M1 Must be clearly identified not
10
C2       4  soi in expansion
2  x 

45 A1
11.25 or
4

4(a)(i) ar = 8 and ar2 + ar3 = 160 soi B2 B1 for each

Correct unsimplified quadratic equation in r M1

e.g.
 8  8 2 8 3
 a  r and so  r  r  r  r  160 oe
 

Correct simplification to r 2  r  20  0 A1

4(a)(ii) Factorises or solves: M1

(r + 5)(r – 4) = 0

r=4 A1

a=2 A1

Alternative method

5a 2  2a 16  0 oe (B1)

Factorises or solves their 3-term quadratic in (M1)

a

a=2 (A1)
4(b) p + 2(q – 1) = 14 oe B1

q B1
2 p  4(q  1)  168 oe
2

Eliminates p or q M1 condone one error in rearrangement of

q either equation before substituting
e.g. 2(14  2(q  1))  4(q  1)  168
2
OR
simplifies Sq : q  p  2(q 1)  168 and
writes q(14)  168

Correctly solves their equation for their p or M1 dep on previous M1

their q

q = 12 and p = 8 A2 A1 for q = 12 or p = 8

5(a) 1 x2 7 x4 3 1
− + B1 for
256 24 36 256
x2
B1 for −
24
7 x4
B1 for
36

5(b) 1 B1
4x2 + 4 + soi
x2

Coefficient of x 2 M1 Allow one sign error, but must have

 1  3 terms in x 2 only, with an attempt at
 their4 × their  addition.
 256 
 1 
+  their4 × their − 
 24 
 7 
+  their 
 36 

25 A1
576

6(a)
(
a r4 −1 ) = 17 a ( r 2
−1 ) M1 Allow equivalents
Allow if ‘a’ terms missing (assume to have
r −1 r −1 been cancelled)

(r 2
)( ) (
− 1 r 2 + 1 = 17 r 2 −1 or better ) M1 Dep M1 for a correct simplified equation
in r only
r 4 − 17 r 2 + 16 = 0 oe
r 3 + r 2 − 16r − 16 = 0 oe

r = 4 only, from correct working A1

6(b) ar 5 = 64 M1 For use of a r 5 with their positive r

1 A1 Must be exact
a = 0.0625 or
16 A0 if r=4not from correct working in (a)

6(c) Because r >1 oe B1 FT on their r >1

Must have a value for r
7(a) 16 − 96x + 216 x 2 − 216 x 3 + 81x 4 B4 Mark final answer for B4
B3 for any 4 correct simplified
terms in a sum
or for all 5 simplified terms listed
but not summed
or for a correct simplified
expansion that is not their final
answer
or
B2 for any 3 correct simplified
terms in a sum
or for 4 correct simplified terms
listed but not summed
or
B1 for any 2 correct simplified
terms in a sum
or for 3 correct simplified terms
listed but not summed
or
M1 for correct unsimplified
expansion
2
24 + 4 × 23 ( −3x ) + 6 × 22 ( −3x )
3 4
+4 × 2 ( −3x ) + ( −3x )

7(b)  a B1
( )
their 16 − 96x + 216x 2 ….. × 1 + 
 x
FT Expansion using their (a)
a
= 16 − 96x +16 − 96a + 216ax … soi
x

a=2 B1 a
FT their 16
x

b = −176 B1

c = 336 B1

8(a) Eliminate one unknown using two correct equations M2 B1 for one correct equation seen,
e.g. e.g.
d = 4x – 4 oe d = 4x – 4 oe
d = 3x + 6 oe or d = 3x + 6 oe
and or 2d = 7x + 2 oe
solve as far as x = … or d =… May come from the sum of
terms, e.g. 11x – 3d = 2

x = 10 A1

d = 36 A1
8(b)(i) 5y − 4 8y + 2 M1
= oe
y 5y − 4

25 y 2 − 40 y +16 = 8 y 2 + 2 y M1

→ 17 y 2 − 42 y + 16 [ = 0 ]

(17 y − 8 )( y − 2 ) [ = 0] M1 Solves their 3-term quadratic

8 A1 Both values
,2
17

Alternative method

Eliminates y from yr = 5y – 4 and yr2 = 8y + 2 (M1)

and simplifies to 3-term quadratic in r
→ 2r 2 + r − 21[ = 0]

Solves their 3-term quadratic (M1)

Substitutes their two r values to find two y values (M1)

8 (A1)
,2
17

8(b)(ii) 7 B2 for one correct

− ,3
2

9(a) Attempts to solve a + 2d = 13 and a + 9d = 41 oe M2 M1 for a + 2d = 13 and a + 9d = 41

soi

d = 4 and a = 5 A2 A1 for d = 4 or a = 5

9(b) n M1 FT their a and their d

{2(5) + (n −1)4} soi
2

2n 2 + 3n − 2555 [*0 ] A1 where * could be = or any

inequality sign

Solves their 3-term quadratic of the form M1

ax 2 + bx + c [*0] by factorising or formula
or
their 3-term quadratic of the form
ax 2 + bx * c or better if completing the square

35 A1
9(c) work consistently in n throughout but must conclude in k to earn the final mark

2k B1 F their a and their d

S2k = {10 + (2k − 1)4} soi
2

2k k M1 F their a and their d ;

{10 + (2k − 1)4} − {10 + (k − 1)4} soi condone at most one error
2 2

Simplifies as far as e.g. A1

8k 2 + 6k – (3k + 2k 2)
or 8k 2 + 6k – 3k – 2k 2

Correct completion to given answer: A1

6k 2 + 3k = 3k (1 + 2k)

Alternative method

2k (B1)
{2a + (2k −1)d } and a = their 5 and d = their 4
2
substituted at some point

d 3 (M1) condone at most one error

ak − k + dk 2 oe
2 2

4 3 (A1)
5k − k + × 4 × k 2
2 2

Correct completion to given answer: (A1)

6k 2 + 3k = 3k (1 + 2k)

10 ( a + x)
3
= a3 + 3a 2 x + 3ax 2  +x3  B1

 x
5
5 10 2 2 M1 allow one sign error or one
1 −  = 1 − x + x ... arithmetic slip
 3 3 9

a 3 = 27, a = 3 B1

5 M1 For multiplying their terms, must have

Term in x: 3a 2 − a3 = b sum of 2 relevant products = b
3

b = −18 A1

5 10 M1 For multiplying their terms, must have

Term in x 2 : 3a −
3
( )
3a 2 + a3 = c
9 sum of 3 relevant products = c

c = −6 A1
 11(a) d = 12 B1

n M1 For use of sum formula to obtain a three

2
( −8 + ( n −1)12) > 2000 term quadratic inequality or equation
3n 2 − 5n −1000 > 0

5 ± 25 + 12000 M1 D for attempt at critical value(s) using

n= their quadratic, may be using a
6
n = 19.1 calculator, so may be implied by a
correct answer of 20.

n = 20 A1

11(b)(i) r =3 2 M1 For ar 6 = 27 and ar 8 = 243 with

an attempt to eliminate a to obtain r 2 .
Allow other valid methods.

11(b)(ii) 326 2 1
B1 for a = or 3−3
27
nfww

11(c) Common ratio or r = sin θ B1 1

May be implied by e.g. or
1 − sin θ
1 − sin n θ
1 − sin θ

−1 < sin θ < 1 or sin θ < 1 or B1 De on previous B1

−1 < r < 1 or r < 1
with no incorrect statements seen.

12(a) a10 − 30a 9 x + 405a 8 x 2 3 B1 for each term, must be simplified.

12(b) 405 M1 405

405a8 = For the coefficient of their term in x 2 = .
256 256

1 A1
a=
2

1 A1 Need both.
p=
1024
30 15 For p, allow for 0.000977 or better.
q=− or = −
512 256 For q, allow for −0.0586 or better.
13(a)(i) 1 + d, 1 + 7d, 1 + 43d soi B1

their ratios of terms provided in

[ r = ] their 1 + 7 d = their 1+ 43d
M2
1+ d 1 + 7d terms of a and d
1 + 7d
M1 FT for either [ r = ]
1+ d
1 + 43d
or [ r ] =
1 + 7d

Simplifies to A1
6d 2 – 30d = 0 oe nfww

Verifies that d = 5 by substitution or A1

factorises and solves to obtain d = 5 only

13(a)(i)
1 Alternative B1

1 + d, 1 + 7d, 1 + 43d soi

 7a − 6 
2
43a − 42 M2 7a − 6 43a − 42
  = oe M1 for or for oe
 a  a a a

6a 2 – 42a + 36 = 0 oe A1

Finds a = 6 and uses it to show that d = 5 A1

only

13(a)(ii) 20 M1
S 20 = {2[1] + (20 − 1)(5)}
2

970 A1

13(b)(i) 7776 nfww B2 B1 for 6 × 65–1

13(b)(ii) Valid explanation e.g. The sum to infinity B1

does not exist for this GP as the common
ratio is greater than 1.

14 1 + 4e 2 x + 6e 4 x + 4e 6 x + e8 x B2 mark final answer for B2

B1 for any 3 correct simplified terms in a sum

or all 5 simplified terms listed but not summed
or for a correct, simplified expansion that is
not their final answer

or

M1 for a correct unsimplified expansion e.g.

4 × 3 2x 2 4 × 3× 2 2x 3
1 + 4e2 x + (e ) + (e ) + (e2 x )4
2 6

If 0 scored, SC1 for a complete, correct,

simplified expansion as final answer found by
multiplying out the brackets
15(a) −5 + 4d = 7 soi M1

d=3 A1

40 M1
{2(−5) + (40 −1) × their d } oe
2

2140 A1

15(b) Correct method for finding a or r M1

ar 5 0.064
e.g. 2 = oe
ar 8

r = 0.2 oe, nfww A1

a = 200 nfww A1

 200  B1 FT their a and r, providing |their r| < 1

 S∞ = 1 − 0.2 =  250

16(a) a + 6d = 158 B1 For both equations, may be implied

a + 9d = 149 by a correct a and d

d = −3, B1

a = 176 B1

16(b) n M1 For correct attempt at sum formula

2
( 352 + ( n − 1)( −3) ) ( < 0) with their a and their d,

355 A1
or 118.3 oe
3

119 A1

17 x 5 + 10 x 3 + 40x + ... 3  2
5
M1 for attempt to expand  x +  ,
 x
with at least 2 correct terms
A1 for 10x 3
A1 for 40x

Term in x 2 : (1 × 40 ) − ( 3 ×10 ) M1 For (1 × their 40 ) ± ( 3 × their 10 )

10 A1
 18  x  n ( n −1)  x 2   2  n  x 
(1 + x ) 1 + n  − +   ...  B1 For   − 
  2 2  4   1   2 
 n   x2 
B1 For    
 2  4 

1  n  2 1  n  2 25 2 M1 Correctly using two terms in n to

 x −  x = x
obtain an x 2 term and equating to
4 2 2 1  4
25 2
x
4
Dep on one B1

n ( n − 1) n 25 A1
− = oe
8 2 4

n = 10 only A1

19(a) 2.4 B1
a=3 r= = 0.8
3

3(1 − 0.88 ) M1 Inserts their and into

S8 =
(1 − 0.8)

= 12.48 awrt or 12.5 A1

19(b) 3 B1
S∞ = = 15
(1 − 0.8)

19(c) Sn = 15(1 – 0.8n) > 0.95 × 15 M1 their correctly produced Sn > 0.95S∞

0.8n < 0.05 A1 oe

log 0.05 M1 Dep takes logs correctly of their

n< or n < log 0.8 0.05 expression with power of n.
log 0.8

n = 14 A1 nfww

20(a) use S4 or S8 M1

4 A1 accept unsimplified
S4 = [ 2a + 3d ] = 38 ( 2a + 3d = 19 )
2

8 A1 accept unsimplified
S8 = [ 2a + 7 d ] = 38 + 86 ( 2a + 7d = 31)
2
or
8 4
S8 – S4 = [ 2a + 7 d ] − [ 2a + 3d ] = 86
2 2
( 4a + 22d = 86 )
solve correct equations for a or d M1

a = 5 and d = 3 A1
20(b) ar 2 = 12 soi B1

ar 5 = −96 soi B1

solve correct equations for a or r M1

r = −2 and a = 3 A1

insert their a and r into S10 M1


S = (
3 1 − ( −2)
10
)  )
 10 1 − ( −2) 
 
 

–1023 A1

21(a) Second term: a + d = −14 B1

Sum: 4 = a + 10 d B1

d =2 B1

a = −16 B1

Last term = 24 B1 Ft on their d and their a

21(b)(i) ar = 27 p 2 B1 For both equations

ar 4 = p 5

p B1
r=
3

21(b)(ii) a = 81 p M1 M1 for attempt to find a in terms of p

A1

81 p 243 p B1 Follow through on their a and their r

S∞ = or
p 3− p
1−
3

21(b)(iii) 81 p 243 p M1 For attempt to solve using their answer

81 = or 81 = to (ii) as far as p = …
p 3− p
1−
3

3 A1
p=
4
 22(a) 4096 – 384x + 15x2 B1 For 4096

B1 For −384x

B1 For 15x 2

22(b)  1 B1  1 
2
(4096 – 384x + 15x2)  x − 2 +  For  x 2 − 2 + 2 
 x2   x 

Term independent of x : M1 For use of 2 appropriate terms

−2 ( 4096 ) + 15

–8177 A1

23(a) 32 – 80x + 80x2 – 40x3 + 10x4 – x5 B3 B2 for any four or five terms correct
or
B1 for any three terms correct or M1
for a fully correct but unsimplified
expansion

23(b) Combines powers sufficiently to be M1

able to take logs or applies correct log
laws

For making use of their expansion M1

from part (a)

40x2 (2 – x) [= 0] oe M1 FT their (a) if possible

x = 0, x = 2 cao A1

24(a)(i) 4 × ( −0.5)19 M1

1 A1
or −7.63 ×10 or
−6
−
131072
−7.62939...×10−6
rot to four or more figs

24(a)(ii) Valid explanation e.g. B1

the common ratio is between −1 and 1

4 8 B1
=
1 − (−0.5) 3
 24(b)(i) a + 9d = 15(a + d ) B1

6 B1
{2 a + 5d } = 87
2

Solves their equations for d e.g. M1

 3 
2  − d  + 5d = 29
 7 

d=7 A1

24(b)(ii) a = −3 soi B1

6990 = their(−3) + (n −1)(their7) M1

n = 1000 A1

25  x
14
13 2 B2 All terms correct
1 −  = 1 − 2 x + x or B1 for 2 correct terms
 7 7

(1 − 2x )
4
= 1− 8 x + 24 x 2 B2 First three terms correct
or B1 for one incorrect term

293 2 M1 For attempt to multiply out to obtain

Product = 1 − 10 x + x
7 (1) − 10 x + mx 2 , m ≠ 16
293 A1 For both, need to identify a and b
a = −10, b =
7

26 (1 + ax)5 = 1+ 5ax + 10a2x2 + 10a3x3 soi B1 4 terms not nCr notation

[2] + (10a + b)x + (5ab + 20a2)x2 M1 obtain expansion with 2 terms in x,

2 terms in x2

equate terms in x and x2 to give two M1

equations in a and b each consisting of
three terms

10a + b = 32 A1 correct equations imply previous two

5ab + 20a2 = 210 M marks

eliminate b M1

obtain 3a2 – 16a + 21 = 0 correctly A1 answer given

a = 3 and b = 2 B1

c = 720 only B1 no additional answers

 27(i) a = 256 B1

8 × 27 × bx [ = 256x ] oe M1

8 × 7 × 26 × ( bx )
2

or  = cx 2  oe
2  

1 A2 A1 for each
b= oe, c = 112
4

27(ii) 9  B1 9 
( 256 + 256 x +112 x )  4 x 2 2
− 12 + 
x2 

for  4 x 2 − 12 + 2 
 x 

Terms independent of x are M1 adding and selecting

( 256 × ( −12) ) + (112 × 9) ( their256 × their ( −12) ) + ( their112 × their9)
= −3072 + 1008

= –2064 A1

28(a) 20 3 3 6 B2 20 3 3 6
− a  x  and − a  x5  oe soi B1 for either − a  x  or − a  x5  oe
8 32 8 32
6 6
C3 3 3 C5
or for − a  x  and − a  x5  oe,
32  
or
8
6 6
C3 3 3 C5
20 3 3 6 or for a  x  and a  x5  oe
a  x  and a  x5  oe soi 32  
32  
8
8
20 3 3
or for a  x  and ka  x5  oe where k > 0
8
6
or for ka 3  x3  and a  x5  oe where k > 0
32

20 3 6 M1
their =
a 120 × their a oe soi
8 32

[a = ] ± 3 A1

28(b)(i) 1 + 40 x + 760 x 2 + 9120x3 B2 B1 for three out of the four terms correct
If B0 then SC1 for 1, 40 x, 760 x 2 , 9120 x3 seen but
not summed

28(b)(ii) 1+ 40(−0.01) + 760(−0.01) 2 + B2 or M1 for use of x = −0.01 oe in their expansion

seen or implied by e.g. 0.66688 without working or
9120(−0.01)3
1 − 0.4 + 0.076 − 0.00912
or 1 − 0.4 + 0.076 − 0.00912 oe
leading to 0.66688 cao
29(i) 7th term: 924a 6b6 x6 = 924x6 B1 For any correct statement
924a6b6 = 924
924a 6 ( bx ) = 924 x 6
6

1 B1 Dep on first B1
( ab )6 = 1 or ab =1 so b = Must be convinced, nfww
a

29(ii) 6th term: 792a7b5 x5 =198x5 B1 For any correct statement

792a7b5 = 198
792a 7 ( bx ) = 198 x 5
5

use of ab =1 to obtain a 2 = ... or b 2 = ... M1 For attempt to solve their equations

simultaneously to obtain an equation in
a 2 or b5

1 A1
a=
2

b=2 A1

30(a) 5
C3 × 22 × ( px )
3 B1

8 M1 equating their coefficient of x3 to

40 p 3 = −
25 8
− and finding p3
8 25
p3 = −
1000

1 A1
p=− or p = −0.2
5

30(b)  1 
4 B1
( )
8 4
C4 × 2 x 2 × 2 
 4x 

1 M1 1
70 ×16 × at least two of 70, 16, correct in
256 256
an evaluation of a three-term product

35 A1 cao
, 4.375, 4 83
8

31(i) 256x8 − 64 x 6 + 7 x 4 3 B1 for each term

31(ii) 1 2 B1
4
+ 2 +1
x x

 1 2  M1 M1 for three correctly obtained products

( 256 x 8
)
− 64 x 6 + 7x 4  4 + 2 + 1
x x 
leading to terms in x4 using their
256x8 − 64 x 6 + 7 x 4 and their
1 2
( 256 ×1 − 64 × 2 + 7 ×1) x 4 4
+ 2 +1
x x

Coefficient of x 4 is 256 −128 + 7 A1

= 135
 32(i) 10 3 B1 for each coefficient, must be
a = 243, b = −45, c = simplified
3

32(ii) 
 243 −
45 10 
(
+ 2  4 + 36 x + 81x 2 ) (
B1 For 4 + 36x + 81x 2 )
 x 3x 

for having 3 terms independent of x M1

Independent term is A1
972 −1620 + 270 = −378

33(i) 32 − 20x2 + 5x4 B3 B1 for each correct term

33(ii)  1 9  B1 1 9
( 32 − 20 x 2
)
+ 5 x 4  2 ............ + 4 
x x  x 2
and 4
x

Independent of x: −20 + 45 M1 attempt to deal with 2 terms

independent of x, must be looking
1
at terms in x 2 and 2 and terms in
x
1
x 4 and 4
x

= 25 A1 FT their answers from (i)

(their −20 ×1) + (their 5 × 9 )

34(i) 64 − 48x 2 +15x 4 B3 B1 for each correct term in final line of

response

34(ii)  1  B1 1
( 64 − 48x 2
)
+ 15x 4  2 + 2 + x 2 
x 
B1for
x 2
+ 2 + x 2 oe

at least two correctly obtained products leading M1

to terms in x2

Term in x 2 : 64 +15 − 96 A1 FT for correct evaluation of

their 64 + (2 × their–48) + their 15

= −17 A1
 35 2 B1
n −1 x n− 2  x 
  + n ( n − 1) 3  
n
3 − n3
6 6
3n = 81 , so n = 4

1 M1  x  x
4 × 33 × − = a for − n3n−1   , nC1 3n −1  −  or
6 6  6
 n  n −1  x 
  3  −  , with/without their n
1  6

a = −18 A1 using their n and equating to a to obtain

a = −18

4×3 2 1 M1 2
 x n
2
n−2  x 
×3 × = b for n ( n −1) 3
n−2
2 36   , C2 3   or
6 6
2
 n  n− 2  x 
  3   , with/without their n
 2 6

3 A1 using their n and equating to b to obtain

b=
2 3
b=
2

36(i) 166 + 32ax + 244a 2 x 2 + 8a 3 x 3 + a 4 x 4 B2 B1 fo

for at most 2 terms incorrect
missing or for correct but
or mi
unsimmplified form
SC1 for
16 + 32ax + 24axx2 + 8ax3 + ax 4
or alll terms correect listed

36(ii) 24a 2 = 8a 3 annd solves to given answeer B1 or veerifies that a = 3 leads to

coefff of 216 for both terms
mustt be from correct terms in (i)

36(iii) x = −0.01 or ax = −0.03 so

oi M1

166 + 32(3)(−00.01) +24(9)(−0.01)2 lead ing to A1 Mustt show clear substitution

166 − 0.96 + 0..0216 or 15.06…isw into t heir expansion for
A1 a nd reach a value which
roundds to 15.1

80 7 80 4
37 (i) 32 x10 − x + x B3 B1 for each term, powers of x must be
3 9 simplified

(ii) Coefficients needed:

 80 
 3 × their −  + (1× their 32 ) M1 for dealing with 2 terms
 3 
= –48 A1 Allow A1 for −48x 7
 38 (i) 64 − 48x + 15x 2 B3 for each correct term

(ii) ( 4 × '64') + ( 2 × '− 48') + ( 3 × '15 ') M1 for correctly obtaining three products using their
coefficients in (i)

A1 for two correct out of three products

(unsimplified) cao

= 205 cao A1 for 205 selected as final answer

20 5
39 (i) 32 − + B3 B1 for each correct term – must be integers
x x2

20  their ( −20 )
(ii) ( 3 × 32 ) +  − 
× 4x  = 16 M1 for ( 3 × their 2 ) + 

× 4x 
 x   x 
A1
Accept 16x o

a 4 + 4a 3b + 6a 2b 2 + 4ab3 + b 4 final answer B2,1,0 −1 each error/omission

40 (a) (i)
2
2  1 
(ii) 6 ( 2 x )   soi M1 Could be in full expansion
 5x 

24
or 0.96 isw A1 Must be explicitly identified
25

1  n(n − 1)(n − 2)  5n
(b)  = soi leading to a M1 Must attempt to expand and remove
8 6  12 fractions
cubic or quadratic ( n 2 − 3n − 18 = 0 )

Solves their quadratic [(n – 6)(n + 3)] M1 must have come from a valid attempt

[n =] 6 only, not from wrong working A1 Must be n if labelled