White Leaf Public School
Physics Worksheet - Class 12 (Current Electricity - Advanced Level)
Section A ? Multiple Choice & Assertion-Reason (1 mark each)
1. In a potentiometer experiment, a student uses a wire of length 4 m and a resistance of 8 ?. It is connected
in series with a 2 V battery of internal resistance 1 ?. The potential gradient across the wire is:
a) 0.25 V/m b) 0.5 V/m c) 0.4 V/m d) 1.0 V/m
2. A uniform wire of resistance R is cut into 5 equal parts. These parts are connected in a form of star. The
effective resistance between any two terminals is:
a) 2R/5 b) 3R/5 c) R/2 d) 4R/5
3. Assertion (A): For a given potential difference, a thinner wire of same material will have a greater electric
field than a thicker wire.
Reason (R): Electric field in a conductor is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.
a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation
b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
4. Assertion (A): Terminal voltage of a cell is always equal to its emf when current is not flowing.
Reason (R): In open circuit, no energy is dissipated across the internal resistance.
a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation
b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
5. The resistivity of a semiconductor decreases with temperature because:
a) Lattice vibrations increase b) Free electron density increases c) Energy gap widens d) Ionization
decreases
Section B ? Short Answer (2 marks each)
6. Derive an expression for the equivalent resistance when two resistances R1 and R2 are connected in
parallel using Kirchhoff's laws.
7. How would you distinguish experimentally between a voltmeter of high internal resistance and one with low
resistance?
8. A wire of resistance 8 ? is cut into four equal parts and connected in the form of a square. Find the
effective resistance across the diagonal of the square.
9. Two wires of same material have the same length but different radii in the ratio 1:2. They are connected in
series across a battery. Find the ratio of potential difference across each wire.
10. A wire of length 2 m and resistance 4 ? is stretched uniformly to double its original length. Calculate the
change in resistance and resistivity.
Section C ? Derivations & Multi-step Numerical Problems (3 marks each)
11. Derive the expression for drift velocity of electrons in a conductor and hence obtain Ohm?s law
microscopically.
12. A 5-cell battery, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance 0.5 ?, is connected to a 20 ? resistor in series.
Calculate the power delivered to the resistor when: a) all cells are connected in series, b) battery is arranged
in 2 rows of 2 and 3 cells in parallel.
13. A meter bridge is used to determine the resistance of a coil. The bridge wire is 1 m long. The balancing
point is found at 40 cm with coil in left gap and 6 ? in right gap. Find resistance of the coil. If bridge wire has
resistance 0.1 ?/cm, how is result affected?
14. Define the concept of internal resistance of a cell. Two cells of emf 1.5 V and 1.2 V with internal
resistances 1 ? and 2 ? respectively are connected in parallel across a 4 ? resistor. Calculate current from
each cell.
Section D ? Advanced Case-Based Questions (5 marks each)
15. Case Study: High-Precision Potentiometer
A potentiometer of length 10 m and resistance 5 ?/m is connected to a 5 V cell. Balancing lengths for cells E1
and E2 are 3 m and 2 m.
a) Why is potentiometer better than voltmeter for emf comparison?
b) Find E1/E2
c) How does non-uniformity affect accuracy?
d) Find current in potentiometer wire
e) Galvanometer shows deflection for E1 but not E2. Why?
16. Case Study: Power Dissipation in Complex Circuit
A 12 V battery with 1 ? internal resistance is connected to 4 ? in series with 6 ? and 12 ? in parallel.
a) Draw and simplify circuit
b) Total resistance?
c) Current drawn?
d) Power across each resistor?
e) Terminal voltage?
17. Case Study: Semiconductor vs Metallic Conductor
I?V characteristics are studied at different temperatures.
a) Sketch I?V for metal and semiconductor
b) Explain behavior microscopically
c) Define temperature coefficient
d) Why tungsten not semiconductor in bulbs?
e) When is a semiconductor resistor preferred?
