ANSWERS

1 A 11 D 21 D 31 A 41 B 51 C 61 C
 2 C 12 D 22 A 32 A 42 D 52 B 62 D
3 A 13 C 23 B 33 B 43 C 53 A 63 B
4 B 14 A 24 A 34 D 44 A 54 A 64 A
5 A 15 C 25 C 35 B 45 A 55 B
6 B 16 A 26 B 36 A 46 A 56 D
7 B 17 A 27 A 37 D 47 A 57 B
8 B 18 B 28 A 38 A 48 D 58 D
9 A 19 B 29 C 39 A 49 D 59 B
10 A 20 A 30 C 40 B 50 A 60 C
 SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Under what condition will the current in a wire be the same when connected in series and parallel of n identical
cells each having internal resistance r and external resistance R?
2. Two wires, one of Cu and other manganin, have same resistance and equal thickness. Which wire is longer?
3. Nichrome and copper wires of same length and same radius are connected in series. Current I is passed through
them. Which wire gets heat up more? Justify your answer.
4. I-V characteristics of a resistor deviate from straight line for high value of current. Why?
5. Write two differences between emf and terminal potential difference.
6. Plot a graph showing variation of terminal potential difference V with external resistance R for a cell.
7. Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter but different materials are joined in series across a battery. If the
number density of electrons in X is twice that in Y, find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the two wires.
[1:2]
8. What is the effect of area, length, current, voltage, electric field, relaxation time and temperature on drift velocity.
Draw graphs in case.
9. A steady current flows through a wire AB, as shown in the figure. What happens to the electric field and drift
velocity along the wire? Justify your answer.

10.
11. A wire of length L0 has a resistance of R0. It is gradually stretched till its length become 2L 0.
(a) Plot a graph showing variation of its resistance with length. [R=R0(L/L0)2]
(b) What will be its resistance when its length is 2L0.
12. Find magnitude and direction of current in 1Ω resistor. [3/23A Q to P]

13. Using kirchhoff’s law, find unknown resistance R so that current in 4Ω resistor is zero. [2Ω]

14. In the following circuit, galvanometer shows zero deflection. Batteries A and B have zero internal resistance. Find
the value of R. [100Ω]
15. Figure shows a Variation of potential difference V across a combination of for three identical cells connected in
series. What is emf and internal resistance of each cell.

[2V,2Ω]
16. A voltmeter of resistance 998Ω is connected across a cell of emf 2V and internal resistance 2Ω. Find potential
difference across voltmeter and also across terminals of cell. Estimate percentage error in the reading of the
voltmeter. [1.996V, 0.2%]

17. Two wires of same material and same length, have their cross sectional areas in the ratio 1:6. What would be the
ratio of heat produced in these wires when same voltage is applied across each? [1:6]
18. Two cells of emf 10V and 2V and internal resistances 10 and 5Ω are connected in parallel as shown in the
figure. Find effective voltage across R. [2Volt]

19. [ans: 10270C]

20.
21. [Ans: 4V]

22. [ans: A2/A1, 1:1]

23. [ANS: 3, 8V]

24. [ans: 0.5Ω]

25. Determine potential difference between points A and D when no current flows in branch BE.

[9V]
26. Calculate currents in 40 and 20 ohm resistors.

[0,4A]
27.

28. [Ans: 867.3]

29. A conductor of length l has a non-uniform cross-section. The radius of cross-section varies linearly from a to b.
The resistivity of the material is ρ. Find the resistance of the conductor across its ends. [ρl/πab]
30. If a battery of emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a load of resistance R. Show that the rate at
which energy is dissipated in R is maximum when R = r and this maximum power is P = E 2/ 4r .
31. Calculate current through battery. Also find total resistance.
[15A, 8/5Ω]

32. Calculate total current from battery and equivalent resistance.

[8/3, 9A]
33. Calculate the potentials of points A, B, C and D as shown in Fig. (a). What would be the new potential values if
connections of 6 V battery are reversed as shown in Fig. (b)? All resistances are in ohm.

34. Find equivalent resistance between points A and B.

 [Ans: 42/31Ω, R/2, 32/21Ω, 25/6Ω, 6.194Ω, 5R/4Ω]
35.

[Ans: 5r/8, 4r/3, r, r/4, r]

36. Calculate current flowing through each cell.

[I1=0, I2=-3A, I3=3A]

37. Calculate current in each branch.
38. The resistance of the platinum wire of a platinum resistance thermometer at the ice point is 5 Ω and at steam point is
5.23Ω. When the thermometer is inserted in a hot bath, the resistance of the platinum wire is 5.795 Ω. Calculate the
temperature of the bath. [345.650C]
39. Calculate Ig.

[Ans: 4.87mA]
40. Calculate current in each branch.

41. Is the momentum conserved when charge crosses a junction in an electric circuit? Why or why not?
42. What are the advantages of the null-point method in a Wheatstone bridge? What additional measurements would be
required to calculate R (unknown) by any other method?
43. Consider a current carrying wire (current I ) in the shape of a circle.
Note that as the current progresses along the wire, the direction of j (current density) changes in an exact manner, while
the current I remain unaffected. The agent that is essentially responsible for is
(a) source of emf.
(b) electric field produced by charges accumulated on the surface of wire.
(c) the charges just behind a given segment of wire which push them just the right way by repulsion.
(d) the charges ahead.
44. Two batteries of emf ξ1 and ξ2 ( ξ2 > ξ1) and internal resistances r1 and r2 respectively are connected in parallel.
(a) The equivalent emf of the two cells is between ξ1
and ξ2, i.e. ξ1< ξeq < ξ2.
(b) The equivalent emf _eq is smaller than ξ1 .
(c) The _eq is given by ξeq = ξ1 + ξ2 always.
(d) _eq is independent of internal resistances r1 and r2.
45. A resistance R is to be measured using a meter bridge. Student chooses the standard resistance S to be 100_. He finds
the null point at l1 = 2.9 cm. He is told to attempt to improve the accuracy. Which of the following is a useful way?
(a) He should measure l1 more accurately.
(b) He should change S to 1000Ω and repeat the experiment.
(c) He should change S to 3Ω and repeat the experiment.
(d) He should give up hope of a more accurate measurement with a meter bridge.
46. Which of the following characteristics of electrons determines the current in a conductor?
(a) Drift velocity alone.
(b) Thermal velocity alone.
(c) Both drift velocity and thermal velocity.
(d) Neither drift nor thermal velocity.