Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Alphabet Test 1-8
2 Alphabetical Series 9-16
3 Coding and Decoding 17-27
4 Blood Relation 29-36
5 Analogy 37-47
6 Classification 49-56
7 Order and Ranking 57-65
8 Direction and Distance 67-75
9 Syllogism 77-88
10 Logical Venn Diagram 89-101
11 Series Completion 103-116
12 Seating Arrangement 117-130
13 Puzzle Test 131-142
14 Inserting Missing Characters 143-152
15 Arithmetic Reasoning 153-160
16 Mathematical Operation and Set of Numbers 161-168
17 Word Formation and Logical Sequence of Words 169-179
18 Calendar 181-188
19 Clock 189-199
20 Dice and Cube 201-214
21 Inequality 215-224
22 Data Sufficiency 225-234
23 Statement and Assumption 235-240
24 Statement and Conclusion 241-246
25 Statement and Argument 247-252
26 Statement and Course of Action 253-258
27 Cause and Effect 259-265
28 Drawing Inference 267-274
29 Mirror and Water Image 275-283
30 Counting of Figures 285-298
31 Non-Verbal 299-311
32 Figure Analysis 313-335

vii
 Chapter

1 Alphabet Test

Alphabet Test A B C D E F G H I J
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
This chapter focuses on questions that involve the positions
and opposites of letters within the English alphabetical K L M N O P Q R S T
series, as well as letter sequences, number sequences, and 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
combinations of letters, numbers, and symbols. U V W X Y Z
In these types of questions, students are tasked with 21 22 23 24 25 26
determining the placement of an alphabet or word using 2. Reverse English Alphabetical order is Z (1), Y (2), X
various arrangements. Students must trace an alphabet (3), ………., C (24), B (25), A (26).
or word based on different forms of arrangement in this
problem type. Additionally, this chapter covers various 3. To learn the place value the word given below is just
forms of alphabetical arrangement, such as organizing the arrangement of the alphabets having position
words in alphabetical order, problems related to letter multiples of 5. From this word, we can learn the
words, alphabetical puzzles, issues involving pairs of position of 26 letters.
letters, and creating new words, among others.
E J O T Y
Types of questions based on the Alphabet Test: 5 10 15 20 25

1. Alphabetical Series 4. To learn the place value of one more word given below
in which the arrangement of letters has occupied
2. Alphabetical order of Words positions in the multiple of 3.
3. Pairs of Letters C F I L O R U X
4. Letter-Word Problems 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
5. Meaningful Words 5. The opposite letters in the English Alphabetical Series
are the letters that have a sum of 27 when their positions
6. Miscellaneous are added. For example, A is the first letter and Z is the
26th letter, so A + Z = 1 + 26 = 27. Therefore, A and Z
Alphabetical Series are opposite letters. Similarly, B and Y, C and X, D and
In this series, only letters are present, and they adhere to W, and so on are opposite letters.
a specific pattern consistently. Students are required to Opposite letters in the English Alphabetical Series.
identify this pattern and provide the correct answer. They
will also be tasked with determining the place value of the A-Z AmaZon
English letter located to the right or left of the one provided B-Y BoY
in the question.
C-X CraX
Some Important Points to solve these types of Questions: D-W DeW
1. The English Alphabetical series is the sequence of 26 E-V EVen
letters from A to Z. One way to solve this question is
F-U FUll
to assign a number to each letter, starting from 1 for A
and ending with 26 for Z. For example, A = 1, B = 2, G-T GeT
…, Z = 26. H-S HiS
Place Value of the English Alphabetical Series from I-R Indian Railway
A to Z / left to right. J-Q Joker Queen

SSC CGL, CHSL, CPO-SI, JE, Railways and Other Competitive Exams 1
Solution (d): Given Number 6 5 4 9 3 2 4 1 7 8
To solve this question, we need to use the 3rd, 5th, 8th, and New Number 2 4 1 7 8 6 5 4 9 3
9th letters of the word CONVERSATION. These letters are
N, E, A, and T. We need to make a meaningful word using So, the seventh from the right end is 7.
each letter only once. Therefore, the required answer is 7.
Example 15:
C O N V E R S A T I O N
In the number ‘8353429865’ if every second digit will be
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 replaced with the next digit as per the number series then
arrange the resultant digits in descending order. Find the
There are only two words that can be made with these letters: digit present at the fourth to the right of the third digit from
NEAT and ANTE. Both of these words are meaningful the left end.
words in the English language.
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 5
So, more than one word can be formed.
Solution (b):
Therefore, the correct answer is Y.
The given number is 8353429865.
Miscellaneous Concepts First, we have to change every second digit to be replaced
In this segment, the questions are related to the placement with the next one then arrange the digits in descending
of numbers, number pairs, and number arrangements, order.
among other topics.
Given Number 8 3 5 3 4 2 9 8 6 5
Example 13:
New Number 8 4 5 4 4 3 9 9 6 6
How many such digits are there in the number ‘915423876’
which will remain at the same position when arranged in Now, arrange all the digits of the new number in descending
ascending order from left to right? order,
(a) One (b) Two New 8 4 5 4 4 3 9 9 6 6
(c) Three (d) Four Number
Solution (a): Descending 9 9 8 6 6 5 4 4 4 3
Order of Digits
The given number is 915423876.
To solve this question, we need to compare the positions of So, the third digit from the left end is 8 and the fourth digit
the digits in the number ‘915423876’ and in the ascending to the right of 8 is 4.
order from left to right. The ascending order from left to Therefore, the required answer is 4.
right is ‘123456789’. We need to find the digits that have
Example 16:
the same position in both cases.
How many such pairs of digits are there in the number
Given Number 9 1 5 4 2 3 8 7 6 ‘364792158’ each of which has as many digits between
New Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 them in the number as when they are arranged in ascending
order?
So, the position of one digit 4 remains unchanged.
(a) One (b) Three
Therefore, the required answer is one.
(c) Four (d) More than four
Example 14:
Solution (c):
If in the number 6549324178, the positions of the fifth
The given number is 364792158.
and the tenth digit are interchanged and the position of
the fourth and the ninth digit are interchanged, and so Here, we have to find pairs of digits in the given
on till the position of the first and the sixth digit are number each of which has as many digits between
interchanged, then which digit will be the seventh from them in the number as when they are arranged in
the right end? ascending order.
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 5
Given Number 3 6 4 7 9 2 1 5 8
Solution (c):
Ascending order 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
The given number is 6549324178.
So, the required pairs are 69, 62, 61, and 21.
Here, we have to find out the digit which is seventh from
the right end. Therefore, the required answer is four.

SSC CGL, CHSL, CPO-SI, JE, Railways and Other Competitive Exams 5
 Exercise

1. In the number ‘746382195’ if every second digit (a) O (b) B

will be replaced with the previous digit in the (c) X (d) Y
number series then arrange the resultant digits in
8. The positions of how many letters in the word
ascending order. Find the digit present at the third
‘JUSTIFY’ will remain unchanged when the letters
to the left of the fourth digit from the right end.
within the word are arranged alphabetically from
(a) 3 (b) 4 left to right?
(c) 2 (d) 6
(a) None (b) One
2. How many such pairs of letters are there in the (c) Two (d) Three
word ‘INTELLIGENCE’ which have as many
9. If each letter in the word ‘TEMPLATES’ is
letters between them in the word as in the English
arranged in alphabetical order (from left to right),
alphabet from both directions?
and then each vowel is changed to the previous
(a) One (b) Two letter in the English alphabetical series, and each
(c) Three (d) Four consonant is changed to the next letter in the English
alphabetical series, which of the following will be
3. In the number ‘478724632’ if every digit will be
sixth from the right side of the new arrangement
replaced with the next digit in the number series
thus formed?
then arrange the resultant digits in descending
order. Find the digit present at the second to the (a) M (b) N
right of the fifth digit from the left end. (c) D (d) Q
(a) 3 (b) 4 10. If in the number 65928732, 1 is added to each
(c) 5 (d) 6 even digit and 1 is subtracted from each odd digit,
and then all digits are arranged in ascending order.
4. How many such pairs of letters are there in the
Which digit will be fourth from the left end?
word ‘BACKSTAGE’ which have as many letters
between them in the word as in the English alphabet (a) 7 (b) 6
from both directions? (c) 3 (d) 4
(a) One (b) Two 11. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order.
(c) Three (d) Four
(a) Apple (b) Apricot (c) Avocado (d) Almond
5. How many such pairs of digits are there in the
(a) d, a, b, c (b) a, b, c, d
number ‘397642748’ each of which has as many
(c) a, b, d, c (d) b, a, c, d
digits between them in the number as in the number
series? 12. If it is possible to make a meaningful word from
the 2nd, 6th, 8th, and 10th letters of the word
(a) One (b) Two
“GOVERNMENT” using each letter only once,
(c) Four (d) More than four
then how many meaningful English words will be
6. If in the number 6386542530, the positions of formed?
the fifth and the tenth digit are interchanged and
(a) None (b) One
the position of the fourth and the ninth digit are
(c) Two (d) Three
interchanged and so on till the position of the
first and the sixth digit are interchanged, then 13. How many such pairs of letters are there in the
which digit will be the seventh from the right word ‘DISAPPROVAL’ which have as many
end? letters between them in the word as in the English
alphabet from both directions?
(a) 0 (b) 6
(c) 3 (d) 5 (a) Three (b) Four
(c) Five (d) More than five
7. If it is possible to make a meaningful word from
the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th letters of the word 14. How many such pairs of digits are there in the
“BREEDING” using each letter only once, then number “8547123642” each of which has as many
the second letter of the word is your answer. If no digits between them (backward direction only) in
such word can be formed, mark your answer as ‘X’, the number as they have in the numerical series?
and if more than one word can be formed, mark
(a) None (b) One
your answer as ‘Y’.
(c) Two (d) Three

SSC CGL, CHSL, CPO-SI, JE, Railways and Other Competitive Exams 7
15. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order. 18. If in the word “SQUARELY”, all the vowels
are first arranged alphabetically and then all the
(a) Tomato (b) Turnip (c) Tangerine (d) Thyme
consonants are arranged alphabetically, then which
(a) a, c, d, b (b) d, c, b, a letter will be 4th from the right end?
(c) c, d, a, b (d) b, d, a, c
(a) L (b) Y
16. If all the digits in the number ‘5632148796’ are (c) Q (d) R
rearranged in descending order from right to left,
19. If the positions of the first and last letters of the word
then the position of how many digits will remain
“SUBPROJECT” are interchanged, similarly
unchanged after the rearrangement?
the positions of the second and second last letters
(a) None (b) One are interchanged and so on, and then which of the
(c) Two (d) Three following letters will be the 7th from the left end
after arrangement?
17. If each letter in the word ‘QUOTATION’’ is
arranged in alphabetical order (from left to right), (a) O (b) E
and then each vowel is changed to the next letter in (c) P (d) R
the English alphabetical series, and each consonant
20. How many such pairs of digits are there in the
is changed to the previous letter in the English
number “9175384274” each of which has as many
alphabetical series, which of the following will be
digits between them (forward direction only) in the
sixth from the left side of the new arrangement thus
number as they have in the numerical series?
formed?
(a) One (b) Two
(a) P (b) S
(c) Three (d) More than three
(c) M (d) J
ANSWER KEY
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (c)
16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)

STUDENT'S NOTES

8 General Intelligence And Reasoning

 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 English Section 1-5

2 Noun 7-18

3 Pronoun 19-30

4 Adjective 31-40

5 Subject Verb Agreement 41-47

6 Verb 49-64

7 Time And Tense 65-72

8 Adverb 73-81

9 Preposition 83-98

10 Conjunction 99-106

11 Article 107-116

12 Voice 117-132

13 Narration 133-148

14 Spelling Mistake 149-158

15 Question Tag 159-163

16 Superfluous or Redundant words 165-167

vii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Number System 1-11

2 Simplification 13-27

3 HCF and LCM 29-39

4 Average 41-50

5 Ratio & Proportion 51-61

6 Problems on Ages 63-67

7 Partnership 69-73

8 Mixture & Alligation 75-80

9 Percentage 81-92

10 Profit & Loss 93-105

11 Discount 107-113

12 Simple Interest 115-122

13 Compound Interest 123-130

14 Time and Work 131-141

15 Work and Wages 143-147

16 Pipe and Cistern 149-154

17 Speed, Time & Distance 155-163

18 Trains 165-173

19 Boat and Stream 175-180

20 Data Interpretation 181-200

vii
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 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Advanced Theory of Number System 1-15

2 Progressions, Polynomials and System of Linear Equations 17-26

3 Algebra 27-39

4 Trigonometry 41-53

5 Height and Distance 55-62

6 Mensuration 63-84

7 Geometry 85-111

8 Co-ordinate Geometry 113-123

9 Permutation, Combination & Probability 125-135

10 Statistics 137-143

vii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1. Error Detection 1
Error Detection Type-1 1
Error Detection Type-2 3
Error Detection Type-3 5
Error Detection Type-4 Set-1 9
Error Detection Type-4 Set-2 13
Error Detection Type-4 Set-3 18
Error Detection Type-4 Set-4 23
2 Sentence Improvement 27
Set-1 27
Set-2 31
Set-3 35
Set-4 39
3 Para Jumble 43
Set-1 45
Set-2 50
Set-3 55
Set-4 60
4 Reading Comprehension 67
Long Passages for Practice 83
5 Cloze Test 87
6 Fill in the Blanks 103
Set-1 103
Set-2 105
Set-3 108
Set-4 110
7 Parts of Speech Practice 113
8 Mixed Practice Sets 119

vii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Introduction to vocabulary 1
Root Words 1
Prefix 1
Suffix 2
2 One Word Substitutions 5
Manias 5
phobias 5
lovers (-phile) 6
haters (-mis) 6
graphy (writing) 6
subjects 7
killing (-cide) 7
Rules and forms of Governments (-cracy and -archy) 8
What are they? Professions 8
Branches of Science and Learning 9
Exercise 2.1 10
Exercise 2.2 23
Exercise 2.3 27
3 Idioms and Phrases 29
Exercise 3.1 39
Exercise 3.2 40
Exercise 3.3 43
Exercise 3.4 44
Exercise 3.5 47
4 Types of Words 67
5 Synonyms and Antonyms 69

vii
 Important Editorial Words with their Synonyms 69
and Antonyms
Exercise 5.1 77
Exercise 5.2 87
Exercise 5.3 88
Exercise 5.4 90
Exercise 5.5 92
Exercise 5.6 94
Exercise 5.7 96
Exercise 5.8 98
6 Phrasal Verbs 101
Important Phrasal Verbs 101
Exercise 6.1 107
Exercise 6.2 110
Exercise 6.3 116
Some Important Foreign Phrases 118
One Word Denoting 119
7 Homonyms 121
Homographs 121
Homophones 123
Exercise 7 127

viii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Universe 1-4
2 Solar System 5-12
3 Earth 13-19
4 Continents and Oceans 21-46
5 Volcano and Rocks 47-52
6 Mountains 53-56
7 Atmosphere 57-63
8 Physical Division of India 65-72
9 India and Neighbouring Countries 73-85
10 Drainage System of India 87-95
11 Soil 97-102
12 Climate and Monsoon 103-107
13 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife 109-113
14 National Parks and Biosphere Reserve 115-128
15 Minerals and Energy 129-135
16 Industries 137-142
17 Transport and Communication 143-148
18 Demography 149-152
19 Miscellaneous 153-159

vii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Development of Indian Constitution 1
Regulating Act 1773 1
Pitt’s India Act of 1784 2
Charter Act of 1793 2
Charter Act of 1813 3
The Charter Act of 1833 3
The Charter Act of 1853 4
Government of India Act 1858 4
The Indian Councils Act 1861 4
The Indian Councils Act 1892 5
Indian Councils Act 1909 6
The Government of India Act 1919 6
The Government of India Act 1935 6
Indian Independence Act 1947 6
Exercise-01 6
2 The Sources of the Constitution 9
Exercise-02 10
3 Constituent Assembly of India 13
Objective Resolution 13
Drafting Committee 15
Exercise-03 16
4 Salient Features of the Constitution 19
Exercise-04 21
5 Preamble 23
Amendability of the Preamble 23
Exercise-05 24
6 The Union and Its Territory 27
The Evolution of State and Union Territory in India 27
Committees and Commissions for creation States 27

vi
 Exercise-06 29
7 Citizenship 31
Constitutional Provisions 31
Citizenship Act 1955 acquisition and loss of citizenship 32
PIO and OCI 32
Exercise-07 33
8 Fundamental Rights 35
Key Features 35
Definition of State in Constitution 36
Doctrine of Eclipse 36
Right to Equality (Art. 14-18) 36
Right to Freedom (Article 19- 22) 37
Right against Exploitation (Article 23-24) 37
Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25-28) 38
Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29-30) 38
Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) 38
Martial Law 39
Martial Law and National Emergency 39
Criticism of Fundamental Rights 40
Exercise-08 40
9 The Directive Principles 43
Features of the DPSP 43
The Socialist Principles 43
Gandhian Principles 44
Liberal-Intellectual Principles 45
New Directive Principles 45
Fundamental Rights vs. DPSP 45
Criticism of the Directive Principles 46
Exercise-9 46
10 Fundamental Duties 49
List of Fundamental Duties 49
Features of Fundamental Duties 49
Swaran Singh Committee 49
The Verma Committee observations 50
Exercise-10 50
11 The Executive 53
President 53
vii
 Vice President 56
Prime Minister 57
Attorney General of India 59
Solicitor General of India 59
Exercise-11 60
12 State Executive 63
Governor 63
Chief Minister 65
Council of Ministers 66
Advocate General of State 67
Exercise-12 68
13 Union Legislature 71
Parliament 71
Rajya Sabha 71
Lok Sabha 71
Membership of Parliament 72
Presiding officers of the Parliament 72
The Leaders in the Parliament 73
Whip in the Parliament 73
Sessions in the Parliament 73
Devices of Parliamentary Proceedings 74
Legislative Procedure in the Parliament 75
Budget in the Parliament 77
Exercise-13 79
14 State Legislature 81
Legislative Council 81
Membership, Qualification and Disqualification 82
Presiding Officers of the State Legislature 82
Legislative Procedure 83
Exercise-14 83
15 Judiciary 87
Supreme Court 87
Jurisdiction and Powers 88
High Court 88
Subordinate Courts 89
Lok Adalats 90

viii
 Family Courts 90
Gram Nayayalaya 91
Tribunals 91
Exercise-15 91
16 Amendment Procedure 93
Procedure 93
List of Amendments 93
Exercise-16 103
17 Emergency Provisions 105
1. National Emergency (Art. 352-355) 105
2. President's Rule (Art. 356-359) 105
3. Financial Emergency (360) 106
Exercise-17 107
18 Local Government 109
Panchayati Raj Institutes (PRIs) 109
Committees Related to PRI's 109
Urban Local Government 113
Exercise-18 116
19 Constitutional Bodies 119
Election Commission 119
Union Public Service Commission 119
State Public Service Commission 119
Comptroller and Auditor General 120
National Commission for Backward Classes 120
National Commission for Schedules Castes 121
National Commission for Scheduled Tribes 122
Finance Commission 122
GST Council 123
Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities 123
Exercise-19 123
20 Non-Constitutional Bodies 125
NITI Aayog 125
National Investigation Agency (NIA) 127
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) 127
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) 128
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) 128
Central Information Commission (CIC) 129
ix
 Competition Commission of India 129
Exercise-20 130
21 Miscellaneous 133
Tenures of Presidents of India 133
Tenures of Vice-Presidents of India 133
Tenures of Prime Ministers of India 134
Parliamentary System 134
Presidential System 135
Federal System 135
Unitary System 135
Center State Relations 136
Judicial Review 137
Public Interest Litigation 137
Right to Information Act-2005 137
\ Consumer Protection Act-2019 138
Lokpal 138
Lokayukta 139
Division of Legislative Powers 139
Parties in India 141
Exercise-21 141
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1. Primitive men and prehistoric age 1
Exercise-01 3
2. Indus Valley Civilization 5
Features of IVC 5
Major sites of IVC 6
Exercise-02 8
3. Vedic Civilization 11
The Aryans 11
Rig Vedic Age 11
Post Vedic Age 13
Exercise-03 14
4. Mahajanapadas 17
Features and Factors of Mahajanapadas 18
Exercise-04 19
5. Jainism 21
Mahavir 21
Jain Literature 22
Exercise-05 22
6. Buddhism 25
Gautam Buddha 25
Buddha Literature and Councils 26
Exercise-06 26
7. Magadh Kingdom 29
Haryanka Dynasty 29
Shishunag Dynasty 30
Nanda Dynasty 31
Exercise-07 31
8. Mauryan Dynasty 33
Chandragupta Maurya 33
Bindusar 34
Ashoka 34
Alexander The Great 36
Exercise-08 36
9. Post Mauryan Age 39
Shunga Dynasty 39
Satavahana Dynasty 40
Kushana Dynasty 42
Exercise-09 43
10. Gupta Dynasty 45

vi
 Administration of Gupta Period 45
Architecture of Gupta Period 46
Art in Gupta Period 48
Exercise-10 48
11. Vardhan Dynasty 51
Harsha Vardhan 51
Exercise-11 53
12. Ancient History of South India 57
Chola Dynasty 57
Administration of Cholas 58
Exercise-12 59
13. The Islam 63
Arab Invasion 63
Turk (Mahmud Ghaznavi) Invasion 63
Mohammad Ghori 65
Exercise-13 66
14. Delhi Sultanate 67
Slave Dynasty 67
Khilji Dynasty 68
Tughlaq Dynasty 71
Sayyed Dynasty 73
Lodi Dynasty 74
Administration of Delhi Sultanate 74
Exercise-14 77
15. The Vijayanagar and Bahmani Empire 83
Sangam Dynasty 83
Tuluva Dynasty 83
Aravidu Dynasty 84
Exercise-15 86
16. The Bhakti and Sufi Movement in India 89
Sufi Movement 89
Bhakti Movement 89
Exercise-16 91
17. Mughal Period 93
Babur 93
Humayun 94
Shuri Kingdom 94
Akbar 95
Jahangir 96
Shahjahan 97
Aurangzeb 97
Later Mughal Period 98
Mughal Administration 99
Mughal Architecture 99
Exercise-17 101

vii
18. The Mughal Administration and Culture 107
Exercise-18 109
19. Regional Powers 111
Maratha 111
Sikh 114
Bengal 115
Awadh 116
Exercise-19 117
20. European Companies 121
Exercise-20 123
21. The Revolt of 1857 125
Exercise-21 127
22. Congress and Social Movements 129
National Congress 129
The Social Movements 131
National Movements 133
Exercise-22 135
23. Gandhian Era (First Phase, 1915 — 1922) 137
Early Life 137
Important Movements of Gandhiji 137
Jallianwala Bagh, Non-Co-Operation Movement 138
Exercise-23 139
24. Revolutionary Movement 141
Early Revolutionary Movement 141
Later Revolutionary Movement 143
Indian National Army 144
Exercise-24 145
25. Gandhian Era (Second Phase, 1930-1947) 147
Civil Disobedience Movement 147
Round Table Conference 147
August Offer 148
Quit India Movement 148
Shimla Conference 149
The Cabinet Mission 149
Mountbatten Plan 150
Exercise-25 150
26. The Governor General and Viceroys of India 153
Exercise-26 161
27. Peasant and Tribal Movements 163
Peasant Movement 163
Tribal Movements 164
Exercise-27 165
28. The Development of Press in India 167
Restriction on the Press 168
Exercise-28 170

viii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

PHYSICS
1 Units and Measurements 1-7
2 Motion and Force 9-17
3 Work, Energy and Power 19-23
4 Sound Wave 25-26
5 Properties of Liquid 27-31
6 Heat and Thermodynamics 33-40
7 Light and Optics 41-45
8 Electric current 47-50
9 Radioactivity 51-55
CHEMISTRY
1 Matter, Atoms and Molecules 57-61
2 Metallurgy, Metals, Non-Metals and Alloys 63-72
3 Acids, Bases and Salts 73-79
4 Organic Chemistry 81-88
5 Periodic Classification 89-98
6 Kinetic Theory of Gases 99-102
7 Chemistry in Daily Life 103-107
BIOLOGY
1 Cell the Unit of Life 109-114
2 Nutrition in Plants 115-118
3 Nutrients 119-124
4 Deficiency and Diseases 125-129
5 Reproductive System 131-135
6 Reproduction In Plants 137-140
7 Sensory Organs 141-147
8 Respiratory System 149-153
9 Digestive System 155-162
10 Circulatory System 163-168
11 Excretory System 169-172
12 Endocrine System 173-177
13 Nervous System 179-183
14 Musculo Skeletal System 185-189
15 Classification 191-195
16 Economic Zoology 197-199

vii
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Basics of Economy 1-5
2 Demand and Supply 7-12
3 Agriculture 13-20
4 Market 21-25
5 Inflation 27-32
6 National Income 33-37
7 Budget 39-44
8 Unemployment and Poverty 45-52
9 Indian Banking System 53-60
10 International Organisation 61-68
11 Planning in India 69-73
12 Capital Market 75-79

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