Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Lecture - 05
 Atomic mass

Absolute Atomic mass Relative Atomic mass Molar Mass

Mass of Carbon12 = 1.9924 × 10-23 g

Mass of one hydrogen atom = 1.6 × 10-24 g

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Relative mass =
𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
 Mass of proton = 1.6736 × 10–24 g

Mass of neutron = 1.6749 × 10–24 g

Mass of Electron = 9.109 × 10–28 g

mn ≈ mp > me
1
Atomic mass unit = 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝐶12
12

1
Atomic mass unit = 1.992648 × 10-23
12

Atomic mass unit = 1.66056 × 10-24 g

 Atomic mass Unit

1amu = 1.66056 × 10-24g

One Atomic mass unit is defined as a mass exactly equal to one twelth the mass
of one carbon12 Atom

Unified mass = 1.66056 × 10-24 g

 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Relative mass = 1
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝐶12
12

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

Relative mass =
1𝑎𝑚𝑢
Example
1amu = 1.66056 × 10-24g

Atomic Mass of Hydrogen = 1.6736 × 10-24 g

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
1𝑎𝑚𝑢
1.6736 × 10−24 g
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
1.66056 × 10−24g

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 1.008

 1amu = 1.66 × 10-24g

Mass of Oxygen = 2.655 × 10-23 g

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
1𝑎𝑚𝑢

2.655 × 10−23 g
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
1.66056 × 10−24g

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 15.999

Periodic table Atomic Number Mass number No. of No. of
(Z) (A) Proton neutrons

1 1 1 0

3 7 3 4

6 12 6 6

8 16 8 8

5 11 5 6
𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 1𝑎𝑚𝑢
Relative atomic mass

Absolute atomic mass

Relative atomic mass

Absolute atomic mass

 Average Atomic mass
Many naturally occurring elements exist as more than one isotope.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number
but different numbers of neutrons

Isotopes Relative abundance (%) Atomic mass

12
6C 98.892 12u
13
6C 1.108 13.00u
6C
14 2×10-10 14.00u

If an element exist in three isotopic forms having atomic masses, m1,m2

and m3 in the ratio x, y, and z

m1 × 𝑥 + m2× 𝑦 + m3×𝑧
Average Atomic mass =
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧
All atoms of a given element have identical properties, including identical mass,
size , shape and chemical properties.
All atoms of a given element have identical properties, including identical mass,
size , shape and chemical properties.
Exemplar - 39
Assertion (A) : One atomic mass unit is defined as one twelfth of the mass of one carbon-12 atom.
Reason (R) : Carbon-12 isotope is the most abundant isotope of carbon and has been chosen as
standard.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
Both A and R are false
Exercise 1.9
Calculate the atomic mass (average) of chlorine using the following data:

Isotopes Relative abundance Atomic mass

(%)
35
17Cl 75.77 34.9689u
37
17C 24.23 36.9659u

m1 × 𝑥 + m2× 𝑦 + m3×𝑧
Average Atomic mass =
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧

34.9689u × 75.77 + 36.9659u × 24.23

Average Atomic mass =
75.77 +24.23

Average Atomic mass = 35.452u

Exercise 1.32

Use the data given in the following table to calculate the molar mass of naturally
occuring argon isotopes Isotopes Relative abundance Molar mass
(%)
Ar36 0.337 35.96755
Ar38 0.063 37.96272
Ar40 99.600 39.9624

39.948 g mol–1
Exemplar 30

Calculate the average atomic mass of hydrogen using the following data :

Isotope Relative abundance Molar mass

s (%)
1H 99.985 1
2H 0.015 2
Problem -

An element X has the following isotopic composition 200X = 90 %, 199X = 8 % and 202X = 2 %.
The weighted average atomic mass of the element X is closest to

(a) 201 u (b) 202 u (c) 199 u (d) 200u

Problem -
Problem -
Problem - 1

Isotopes Relative Atomic

abundance mass 3550 = 35 𝑥 + 3700 − 37𝑥
(%)
Cl35 x 35
3550 = 3700 − 2𝑥
C37 100 - x 37

2𝑥 = 3700 − 3550
m1 × 𝑥 + m2× 𝑦 + m3×𝑧
Average Atomic mass = 2𝑥 = 150
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧

35× 𝑥 +37 ×(100−𝑥) 𝑥 = 75

35.5 =
100
Problem -
Example

Naturally occurring Neon gas consists of 90.92% atoms having a mass of

19.99amu, 0.257% having mass of 20.99395amu and 8.82% having a mass of
21.99138amu. What is the average atomic mass of Neon ?
(a) 20.17 (b) 20.27 (c) 55.95 (d) 56.05
Molecular mass is the sum of atomic masses of the elements present in a molecule.

It is obtained by multiplying the atomic mass of each element by the number of its
atoms and adding them together

CH4

H2O
Example 1.1

Calculate the molecular mass of glucose (C6H12O6) molecules.

 Mole Concept

Relationship between Number of particles and mass of substance

1 Dozen of Apples = 12 apples = 2kg

1 Dozen of Pencil = 12 Pencil = 100g

1mole - 6.02214076 ×1023

One mole is the amount of substance that contains as many elementary particles (atoms,
molecules , ions electrons) as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon-12 isotope.

Mass of Carbon – 12 by mass spectrometer = 1.992648 ×10–23 g

1mole = 6.02214076 × 1023

 1mole = 6.022×1023

1 Mole of carbon contains Carbon atoms

1 Mole of water molecules water molecules

= 6.02214076 ×1023
1 Mole of Na Ions contains Na Ions

1 Mole of electrons contains Electrons

A mole of sodium carbonate,

Na2CO3 is a quantity containing 6.02214 x 1023 Na2CO3 units.

Na2CO3 is a quantity containing 2×6.02214 x 1023 Na+units

Na2CO3 is a quantity containing 6.02214076 x 1023 CO32- ions

Exercise 1.10
ii) Number of moles of hydrogen atoms.
In three moles of ethane (C2H6), calculate One C2H6 contains 6 hydrogen atoms
the following:
One mole C2H6 contains 6 mole hydrogen atoms
(i) Number of moles of carbon atoms.
Three mole C2H6 contains 6 × 3 mole hydrogen atoms
(ii) Number of moles of hydrogen atoms.
(iii)Number of molecules of ethane. Three mole C2H6 contains 18 mole hydrogen atoms

(i) Number of moles of carbon atoms. 3 mole of C2H6 3 × 6.022 × 1023 of C2H6 molecules
One C2H6 contains 2 carbon atoms 18.066 × 1023 of C2H6 molecules
One mole C2H6 contains 2 mole carbon atoms
Three mole C2H6 contains 6 mole carbon atoms
Problem -

Number of moles of triatomic gas = 0.1mole

Number of atoms in moles = 3 × 0.1mole

Number of atoms in moles = 0.3mole

Number of atoms = 0.3 × 6.022 × 1023 atoms

Number of atoms = 1.806 × 1023 atoms

 Molar Mass

Mass of one mole of substance

1 Mole of Hydrogen contains = 6.022 × 1023

Mass of one hydrogen atom = 1.6736 × 10-24 g

Mass of one mole of substance = 6.022 × 1023 × 1.6736 × 10-24 g

Mass of one mole of substance = 1.0078 g/mol

Unit of Molar Mass = g/mol

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =

Molar 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
Exercise 1.1

Calculate the molar mass of the following: (i) H2O (ii) CO2 (iii) CH4
(i) H2O (iii) CH4

Molar Mass H2O = 2 × 1 + 1 × 16 Molar Mass CO2 = 1 × 12 + 4 × 1

Molar Mass H2O = 2 + 16 Molar Mass CO2 = 12 + 4

Molar Mass H2O = 18 Molar Mass CO2 = 16

(ii) CO2

Molar Mass CO2 = 1 × 12 + 2 × 16

Molar Mass CO2 = 12 + 32

Molar Mass CO2 = 44

Exercise 1.33

Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following

(i) 52 moles of Ar (ii) 52 u of He (iii) 52 g of He.
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles = 52 𝑚𝑜𝑙 52𝑔
No of moles =
4𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of atom = 52 × 6.022 × 1023
No of moles = 13 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of atom = 52 NA
No of atom = 13NA

No of atom = 78.289 × 1023

No of atom = 7.8286 × 1024 atoms

(ii) 52 u of He
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠

52 ×1.66
No of moles = ×10-24 g
4 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

52 ×1.66
No of moles = ×10-24 mol
4

52 ×1.66
No of atom = ×10-24 × 6.022 ×1023 atom
4

52 ×1.66
No of atom = ×10-1 × 6.022 atom
4

52
No of atom = atom
4
Problem -

8𝑔
No of moles =
23𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

8
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
23
8 Answer - 2
No of atom = ×6.022 × 1023
23

No of atom = 2.09 × 1023

 Problem -

a) 24𝑔 56 𝑔
No of moles = b) No of moles =
12𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 56 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of atom = 2 × 6.022 × 1023atom No of atom = 1 ×6.022 × 1023atom

c) 27𝑔 d) 108𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
27𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 108 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of atom = 1 × 6.022 × 1023atom No of atom = 1 ×6.022 × 1023atom

Problem -
b) 18𝑔
No of moles =
18𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1 × NAmolecules
1.8𝑔
a) No of moles =
18𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 0.1𝑚𝑜𝑙 c) No of moles = 18𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠

No of molecules = 0.1 × NAmolecules
No of molecules = 18 × NA atom

d) No of molecules = 18 molecules
Problem - b) No of moles =
48𝑔
48𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
8𝑔
c) No of moles =
44𝑔 2𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
a) No of moles =
44𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of moles = 4 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of molecules = 4× NAmolecules
No of molecules = 1 × NAmolecules
64𝑔
d) No of moles =
64𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
Problem - b) No of moles =
28𝑔
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
46𝑔
c) No of moles =
46𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

a) No of moles =
36𝑔 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
18𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
No of moles = 2𝑚𝑜𝑙
54𝑔
d) No of moles =
No of molecules = 2 × NAmolecules 108𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
 28𝑔
Exemplary - 18 b) No of moles =
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
16 g of oxygen has same number of molecules as
No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙
i) 16 g of CO
No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules
ii) 28 g of N2
iii) 14 g of N2 14𝑔
c) No of moles =
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
iv) 1.0 g of H2
1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
2
16𝑔
a) No of moles = No of molecules = 0.5× NAmolecules
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1𝑔
No of moles =
4
𝑚𝑜𝑙
d) No of moles =
2𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
7
4
No of molecules = × NAmolecules No of moles = 0.5𝑚𝑜𝑙
7

No of molecules = 0.5× NAmolecules

Answer - (iii), (iv)
 Problem -

7𝑔 2𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 4𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
4 2
1 1
No of molecules = ×NAmolecules No of atom = ×NAmolecules
4 2
16𝑔 16𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
16𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 32𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
1 2
No of molecules = 1× NAmolecules 1
No of atom = ×NAmolecules
2
Problem -

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠

4.4𝑔 No of O atom = 2 × No. of CO2 molecules

No of moles =
44𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of O atom = 2 ×0.1 × NA
No of moles = 0.1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of O atom = 0.2 × NA
No of CO2 molecules = 0.1 × 6.022 × 1023
No of O atom = 1.20 × 1023
No of C atom = 0.1 × NA
Problem -

The number of atoms in 4.25g of NH3 is approximately

4×1023
2×1023
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
1×1023 No of moles = 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
6×1023
4.25𝑔
No of moles =
17𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
4
1
No of NH3 molecules = × NA
4
1
No of atoms = 4 × × NA
4

No of atoms = NA
Problem -

Molar Mass C7H5N3O6 = 7 × 12 + 5 × 1 + 3 × 14 + 6 × 16

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 Molar Mass C7H5N3O6 = 84 + 5 + 42 + 96
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
Molar Mass C7H5N3O6 = 227
681𝑔
No of moles =
227𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 3 𝑚𝑜𝑙
 No of moles = 3 𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of C7H5N3O6 molecules = 3 × 6.022 × 1023

No of N atom in one C7H5N3O6 molecule = 3atom

No of N atom in 3 × 6.022 × 1023 C7H5N3O6 molecule = 3 × 3 × 6.022 × 1023 atom

No of N atom in 3 × 6.022 × 1023 C7H5N3O6 molecule = 54.18 × 1023 atom

No of N atom in 3 × 6.022 × 1023 C7H5N3O6 molecule = 5418 × 1021 atom

Problem -
 1𝑔 1𝑔
a) No of moles = b) No of moles =
108𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 24𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
108 24
1 1
No of atom = × NA atom No of atom = × NA atom
108 24

1𝑔 1𝑔
c) No of moles = d) No of moles =
16𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 7𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
16 7
1 1
No of atom = × NA atom No of atom = × NA atom
16 7
Exercise 1.28
Which one of the following will have the largest number of atoms?

(i) 1 g Au (ii) 1 g Na (iii) 1 g Li (iv) 1 g of Cl2

1𝑔 1𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
197𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 23𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
197 23
1 1
No of atom = ×NAatom No of atom = ×NAatom
197 23
1𝑔 1𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
7𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 71𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

1 1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
7 71
1 1
No of atom = ×NAatom No of atom = 2 × ×NAatom
7 71
Exemplary - 18

Which of the following pairs have the same number of atoms?

(i) 16 g of O2(g) and 4 g of H2(g)
(ii) 16 g of O2 and 44 g of CO2
(iii)28 g of N2 and 32 g of O2
(iv)12 g of C(s) and 23 g of Na(s)

Answer – iii & iv

(i) 16 g of O2(g) and 4 g of H2(g)
16𝑔
No of moles = 4𝑔
32𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles =
4𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
2
1
No of atom = 2× × NAatom No of atom = 2× 1 ×NAatom
2
No of atom = NAatom No of atom = 2NAatom
(ii) 16 g of O2 and 44 g of CO2
16𝑔
No of moles = 44𝑔
32𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles =
44𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
2
1
No of atom = 2 × × NAatom No of atom = 1 × NAatom
2
No of atom = NAatom No of atom = 1NAatom
(iii) 28 g of N2 and 32 g of O2
28𝑔
No of moles = 32𝑔
28𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles =
32𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of atom = 2× 1 × NAatom No of atom = 2× 1 ×NAatom
No of atom = 2NAatom No of atom = 2NAatom

iv) 12 g of C(s) and 23 g of Na(s)

12𝑔
No of moles = 23𝑔
12𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles =
23𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
No of atom = 1× 1 × NAatom No of atom = 1 × 1 ×NAatom
No of atom = 1NAatom No of atom = 1NAatom
Exemplary - 05

The number of atoms present in one mole of an element is equal to Avogadro

number. Which of the following element contains the greatest number of atoms?
(i) 1 g He (ii) 46 g Na (iii) 0.40 g Ca (iv) 12 g of He
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
(i) 1 g He (ii) 46 g Na
1𝑔 46𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
1𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 23𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 1𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 2𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of atom = 1×6.022 × 1023 No of atom = 2×6.022 × 1023

No of atom = NA No of atom = 2NA

(iii) 0.40 g ca (iv) 12 g He
0.40𝑔 12𝑔
No of moles = No of moles =
40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 4𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of moles = 0.01𝑚𝑜𝑙 No of moles = 3 𝑚𝑜𝑙

No of atom = 0.01×NA No of atom = 3×NA

Answer - 12 g of He
Exemplar - 16

One mole of oxygen gas at STP is equal to _______.

(i) 6.022 × 1023 molecules of oxygen

(ii) 6.022 × 1023 atoms of oxygen

(iii) 16 g of oxygen

(iv) 32 g of oxygen

1 mole of O2 = 6.022 × 1023 molecules of oxygen

1 mole of O2 = 32g of oxygen

 Problem -

Mass of one electron = 9.108 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔

Mass of one mole of electron = 9.108 × 10−31 × 6.023 × 1023 𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
No of moles =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠
1𝑘𝑔
No of moles =
9.108 × 10−31 ×6.023 × 1023 𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

108
No of moles = 𝑚𝑜𝑙
9.108 × 6.023
Example

Find out the mass of 1021 molecules of Cu

1021
No of moles =
6.023 × 1023

No of moles = 0.166 × 1021 mole

Mass = 0.166 × 1021 × 63.5g

Mass = 0.105g
Problem -