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Data Structure Interview Preparation Points

The document outlines key concepts and coding challenges related to various data structures including arrays, strings, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, hashing, and heaps. Each section includes conceptual questions that highlight differences, applications, and characteristics, as well as coding tasks that require practical implementation of the data structures. This serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying fundamental data structures in programming.

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4 views4 pages

Data Structure Interview Preparation Points

The document outlines key concepts and coding challenges related to various data structures including arrays, strings, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, hashing, and heaps. Each section includes conceptual questions that highlight differences, applications, and characteristics, as well as coding tasks that require practical implementation of the data structures. This serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying fundamental data structures in programming.

Uploaded by

evil smoker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Array

Conceptual:

• What is the difference between an array and a linked list?


• How is memory allocated in arrays?
• What are the limitations of arrays?

Coding:

• Find the second largest element in an array.


• Move all zeros to the end of the array.
• Rotate an array by k positions.
• Kadane’s Algorithm for maximum subarray sum.
• Merge two sorted arrays without using extra space.

2. String

Conceptual:

• Difference between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer (Java-specific).


• Why are strings immutable in Java?
• What is the time complexity of string concatenation?

Coding:

• Check if a string is a palindrome.


• Find the first non-repeating character.
• Count the number of vowels and consonants.
• Reverse words in a string.
• Implement strstr() (substring search).

3. Linked List

Conceptual:

• Difference between singly and doubly linked list.


• Advantages of linked lists over arrays.
• Applications of linked lists.

Coding:

• Reverse a linked list.


• Detect and remove a loop in a linked list.
• Find the middle of a linked list.
• Merge two sorted linked lists.
• Delete a node without head pointer.

4. Stack

Conceptual:

• Difference between stack and queue.


• How can stack be implemented using arrays/linked list?
• Applications of stack (e.g., backtracking, expression evaluation).

Coding:

• Implement a stack using two queues.


• Check for balanced parentheses.
• Evaluate postfix expression.
• Design a stack that supports getMin() in O(1) time.

5. Queue

Conceptual:

• Types of queues (circular, priority, deque).


• Applications of queue in real life.
• Difference between queue and circular queue.

Coding:

• Implement a queue using two stacks.


• Generate binary numbers from 1 to N using a queue.
• Implement circular queue.
• LRU Cache using deque.

6. Tree

Conceptual:

• What is a binary tree? Binary search tree?


• Difference between full, complete, and perfect binary tree.
• In-order vs Pre-order vs Post-order traversal.

Coding:

• Check if a binary tree is balanced.


• Convert a binary tree to its mirror.
• Lowest Common Ancestor in a binary tree.
• Print level order traversal.
• Validate a binary search tree.

7. Graph

Conceptual:

• Difference between DFS and BFS.


• Adjacency list vs Adjacency matrix.
• Applications of graphs in real life.

Coding:

• Detect cycle in a graph (BFS/DFS).


• Find shortest path using Dijkstra’s algorithm.
• Topological sort of a DAG.
• Number of islands (DFS in 2D matrix).

8. Hashing

Conceptual:

• What is hashing? What are hash collisions?


• How does HashMap work internally (in Java)?
• Difference between HashMap and HashSet.
•

Coding:

• Two sum problem.


• Find duplicates in an array.
• Count frequency of elements.
• Longest subarray with sum = 0.

9. Heap

Conceptual:

• What is a heap? Max vs Min Heap.


• Applications of heap.
• How is a heap implemented?

Coding:
• Find k largest/smallest elements in an array.
• Merge k sorted arrays.
• Implement a priority queue using a heap.

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