CHAPTER 20 1.
A moderate proposal that called on France to adopt a political system similar to Great Britain was an element exposed by Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Law
2. Ectasez Linfame, Voltaires slogan of Crush the infamous thing, called for the suppression of The church
3. All of the following are true about the eighteenth century French philosophe Voltaire EXCEPT that He was an atheist
4. A philosophe of eighteen-century France would be likely to Oppose religious intolerance and superstition
5. Man is born free and everywhere he is in chainsHow did this change come about? I do not know. What can make it legitimate? That question I think I can answer. These words began the famous work treating the social contract by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
6. I believe in the equality of man and I believe that religious duties consist in doing justice, loving mercy, and endeavoring to make all our fellow creatures happy. All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian, or Turkish, appear to me no more than human inventions set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit. This view would best reflect the attitudes of a Deist
7. All of the following were enlightened Despot, or enlightened ministers, between 1750 and 1815 EXCEPT Louis XV of France
8. The theory of the separation of powers was most clearly enunciated in the works of Montesquieu
9. All of the following statements are in accord with the theories of the Deists EXCEPT Absolute standards of good and evil do not exist; good simply results in pleasure, evil in pain
10. Catherine the Great Extended Russias territorial holdings at the expense of the Poles
11. The main purpose of the French salons was to Provide a forum where men of letters could exchange ideas
12. Thomas Jefferson advocated which of the following ideas, which had its origins in the writings of John Locke, in the American Declaration of Independence? The purpose of the government is to protect individual rights
13. Catherine the Great was somewhat limited in the Enlightenment reforms she could initiate mainly because
She was fearful after the violence of Pugachevs rebellion
14. The main purpose of the Encyclopedia was to Spread the ideas and technology of the Enlightenment
15. Although some Despots like Frederick II seemed interested in reform during the Enlightenment, State matters and wars took precedence over desired changes in the established order IDENTIFICATION Franco-American Alliance First Partition of Poland OTHER POSSIBLE QUESTIONS 1. In Emile, Rousseau Called for a natural education free of the artificial encumbrances imposed by institutions such as the church 2. Which best characterized Enlightened Despotism? The monarch rules with absolute authority for the good of the people Madame de Geoffrin Proclamation of 1793 General Will
3. The philosophes shared the following characteristics EXCEPT Most believed that this was the best of all possible worlds
4. The Enlightenment Was based upon the assumption that science and reason can explain all things
5. Enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth century supported all of the following EXCEPT Pacifist foreign policy
6. Which of the following rulers exemplified the theory of Enlightened Despotism? Frederick II of Prussia
7. All of the following ideas are associated with the work of John Locke EXCEPT Socialism
8. Many philosophes, such as Voltaire, believed that governmental reform would be accomplished by Benevolent absolute monarchs
9. The eighteenth century philosophes believed that society could best achieve progress through Scientific empiricism
10. Science was important to the Enlightenment as An inspiring example of the success of reason and experience
11. The Enlightenment eroded the authority of revealed religion through all of the following means EXCEPT Science, which proved that the universe is just a giant mechanism
12. One important reason the philosophes championed intellectual freedom was
The beliefs they opposed were supported by official power
13. All of the following Enlightenment figures pioneered the social sciences EXCEPT David Hume, who transformed ethics from a philosophical to a scientific field of study
14. The Encyclopedia advanced the Enlightenment by all of the following EXCEPT Forcing opponents of the Enlightenment to concede by its weight of evidence
15. Rousseau advocated all of the following EXCEPT The creation of a new academy that would bring together scientists and humanists
16. In his book The Social Contract, Rousseau described the ideal polity as Government in which individuals have a role in making the law to which they submit
