Common Engineering Conversion Factors
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hinman714Common Engineering Conversion Factors
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hinman714SULIT
Common Engineering Conversion Factors
Length Volume
3 3
1 ft = 12 in = 0.3048 m, 1 yard = 3 ft 1 ft = 0.028317 m = 7.481 gal , 1 bbl = 42 U.S. gal
1 mi = 5280 ft = 1609.344 m 1 U.S. gal = 231 in3 = 3.7853 L = 4qt = 0.833 lmp.gal.
1 nautical mile (nmi) = 6076 ft 1 L = 0.001 m3 = 0.035315 ft3 = 0.2642 U.S. gal
Mass Density
1 slug = 32.174 lbm = 14.594 kg 1 slug/ft3 = 515.38 kg/m3 , 1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
1 lbm = 0.4536 kg = 7000 grains 1 lbm/ft3 = 16.0185 kg/m3 , 1 lbm/in3 = 27.68 g/cm3
Acceleration & Area Velocity
2 2
1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s , 1 knot = 1 min/h = 1.6878 ft/s
1 ft2 = 0.092903 m2 1 min/h = 1.4666666 ft/s (fps) = 0.44704 m/s
Mass Flow & Mass Flux Volume Flow
3
1 slug/s = 14.594 kg/s. 1 lbm/s = 0.4536 kg/s 1 gal/min = 0.00228 ft /s = 0.06309 L/s
1 kg/m2s = 0.2046 lbm/ft2s 1 million gal/day = 1.5472 ft3/s = 0.04381 m3/s
= 0.00636 slug/ft2s
Pressure Force and Surface Tension
1 lbf/ft3 = 47.88 Pa, 1 torr = 1 mm Hg 1 lbf = 4.448222 N = 16 oz, 1 dyne = 1 g cm/s2 = 10-5N
1 psi = 144 psf, 1 bar = 105 Pa 1 kgf = 2.2046 lbf = 9.80665 N
1 atm = 2116.2 psf = 14.696 psia = 101,325 Pa 1 U.S. (short) ton = 2000 lbf , 1 N = 0.2248 lbf
= 29.9 in Hg = 33.9 ft H2O 1 N/m = 0.0685 lbf/ft
Power Energy and Specific Energy
1 hp = 550 (ft.lbf)/s = 745.7 W 1 ft lbf = 1.35582 J, 1 hph = 2544.5 Btu
1 (ft.lbf)/s = 1.3558 W 1 Btu = 252 cal = 1055.056 J = 778.17 ft lbf
1 Watt = 3.4123 Btu/h = 0.00134 hp 1 cal = 4.1855 J, 1 ft.lbf/lbm = 2.9890 J/kg
Specific Weight Heat Flux
3 3
1 lbf/ft = 157.09 N/m 1 W/m = 0.3171 Btu/(h ft2)
2
Viscosity Kinematic Viscosity
1 slug/(ft.s) = 47.88 kg/(m.s) = 478.8 poise (p) 1 ft2/h = 2.506 .10-5 m2/s, 1 ft2/s = 0.092903 m2/s
1 p = 1 g/(cm.s) = 0.1 kg/(m.s) = 0.002088 slug/(ft s) 1 stoke (st) = 1 cm2/s = 0.0001 m2/s = 0.001076 ft2/s
Temperature Scale Readings
o o
F = (9/5) C + 32 o
C = (5/9) ( F – 32)
o o
R = oF + 459.69 o
K = oC + 273.16
Thermal Conductivity* Gas Constant*
1 cal/(s.cm.oC) = 242 Btu/(h.ft.oR) R = 82.057 atm.cm3/(gmol.K) = 62.361 mm Hg.L/(gmol.K)
1 Btu/(h.ft.oR) = 1.7307 W/(m.K) = 1.134 atm.ft3/(lbmol.K) = 0.083144 bar.L/(gmol.K)
= 10.73 psi. ft3/(lbmol. oR) = 555.0 mm Hg.ft3/(lbmol. oR)
Note that the intervals in absolute (Kelvin) and oC are equal. Also, 1 oR = 1 oF.
Latent heat: 1 J/kg = 4.2995 10-4 Btu/lbm = 10.76 lbf.ft/slug = 0.3345 lbf.ft/lbm , 1 Btu/lbm = 2325.9 J/kg
Heat transfer coefficient: 1 Btu/(h.ft2.oF) = 5.6782 W/(m2.oC).
Heat generation rate: 1 W/m3 = 0.09665 Btu/(h ft3)
Heat transfer per unit length: 1 W/m = 1.0403 Btu/(h ft)
Mass transfer coefficient: 1 m/s = 11.811 ft/h, 1 lb mol/(h.ft2) = 0.013562 kgmol/(s.m2)
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