311/1
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
Paper 1
Time: 2 ½ Hours
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
311/1
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
Paper 1
Time: 2 ½ Hours
Instructions To Candidates
This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C
Answer all questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C in the
answer sheets provided.
This paper consists of 2 printed pages
Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all pages are printed as indicated and no questions
are missing
History P1 1
SECTION A (25 Marks)
Answer all questions from this section in the answer sheets provided
1. State two limitations of using anthropology as a source of information on the cultural past of the Kenyan
communities. (2mks)
2. Give one group of the earliest inhabitants of Kenya. (1mk)
3. State two economic practices that the Luo adapted from their Bantu neighbours during the pre-colonial
period. (2mks)
4. Give the main reason for the constant rebellions against the Portuguese by the coastal communities. (1mk)
5. State one reason why the Oman Arabs were unable to rule the East African Coast after expelling the
Portuguese from the coast. (1mk)
6. Identify the main reason why Christianity failed to take root among the people of the East African Coast.
(1mk)
7. Give one importance of national integration. (1mk)
8. State one characteristics of a good constitution. (1mk)
9. Give the meaning of common role in elections to the Legislative Council during the colonial period. (1mk)
10. State two demands of the African Elected Members Organization (AEMO) following Lyttelton
recommendations in 1954. (2mks)
11. Identify the main reason for the establishment of independent churches and schools in Central Kenya during
colonial period. (1mk)
12. What does it mean to say the three arms of government operate in a “system of checks and balances”
(1mk)
13. Name two organs of government which maintain law and order in Kenya according to the new constitution.
(2mks)
14. State two achievements of the independent Interim Electoral Commission (IIEC) (2mks)
15. Give two reasons according to the Old constitution, why general elections were held in Kenya. (2mks)
16. Identify two ways open to a person wishing to stand in elections according to the New Constitution. (2mks)
17. Identify two political parties that constitute the current Grand Coalition Government. (2mks)
SECTION B (45 Marks)
Answer any three questions from this section in the answer sheets provided
18. (a) State five social activities of the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
(b) Explain the political organization of the Mijikenda during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
19. (a) Give three reasons for Seyyid Said’s decision to settle in Zanzibar (3mks)
(b) Describe six factors that contribute to the development of international trade during the reign of
Seyyid Said. (12mks)
20. (a) Why was Britain interested in colonizing Kenya (5mks)
(b) Explain five negative effects of Maasai collaboration with the British. (10mks)
21. (a) state five roles played by the women in the struggle for independence in Kenya (5mks)
(b) Why did the Mau Mau war take so long to suppress? (10mks)
SECTION C (30 Marks)
Answer any two questions from this section in the answer sheets provided
22. (a) Identify three circumstances under which ones citizenship could be taken away in Kenya (3mks)
(b) Explain six factors that may interfere with national integration in Kenya (12mks)
23. (a) Give three advantages of written constitution. (3mks)
(b) Describe the features of the independence Constitution of Kenya. (12mks)
24. (a) State five factors that may hinder free and fair elections in Kenya. (5mks)
(b) Describe the functions of the Legislative arm of government in Kenya according to the Old
Constitution. (10mks)
History P1 2
