PSYCHOMETRIC TESTS

Psychological tests are sometimes used to help assess the condition of patients.
neurological. The results must be evaluated in light of the history and clinical data of
the tested subject. It is best for psychological tests to be used in association or under
testing battery format, so that the deficiencies of individual tests are minimized to
minimum.
The efficiency of brain function can be diminished in brain disorders, but the degree
the diminutions are not necessarily related to the severity of the organic condition, especially when the lesions

They are small. There is no specific test for brain diseases, although subjects with brain injuries
can present a disturbance of intellect and increased emotional lability. A relative deficit
I perform better on tests regarding memory, speed, or learning new elements than on tests
regarding vocabulary and information, it is considered evidence of deterioration
intellectual. Patients with deterioration due to organic brain lesions, as well as
schizophrenic patients tend to be rigid, stereotypical, and concrete in their thinking about
their concepts and are unable to adequately perform classification, categorization, or
induction.
Intellectual activity tests can sometimes provide the best proof of affection.
organic cerebral. Various tests can be used to establish the subject's ability to
to synthesize, to use symbols and to evaluate new experiences based on past experiences.
Diffuse brain disorders and those with bilateral changes in the frontal lobes are the most
frequent associated with the disturbance of intellectual activity.

The patient with an organic brain disorder tends to have a decreased capacity to
to grasp the essence of a situation and to detect small differences or changes, has difficulties in
remembering two or more commands or following a certain direction, concentration period
attention is diminished, has impaired judgment, memory disturbances, and in cases
serious, or accentuated memory loss and confusion.
An evident mental or speech dysfunction may require special tests for
the specification of the nature and gravity of the disturbance. The indications for carrying out such tests can

solutions from history or examination. For example, a simple test of intellectual activity in
the neurological examination course can highlight memory, calculation, and judgment defects
or general information.
 There are two general types of psychometric tests known. Objective tests are
standardized based on representative population samples and are used for evaluation
quantitative of personality traits in relation to established norms. Standard tests of
intelligence and 'inventories' of personality are typical examples. Projective tests are
to evaluate the subject's responses to 'amorphous', ambiguous or...
Unstructured. It is believed that the answers are considerably influenced by personality.
of the subject. Although the answers can be compared to previously established norms, an importance
the variable is the subjective interpretation given to it by the examiner. Rorschach tests,
thematic aperception and sentence completion are examples of this type.

OBJECTIVE TEST
WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE TEST. This test is widely
used for measuring the intelligence of the adult population and presents the well-known advantage that the fund

educational background does not significantly alter test results. The coefficients of
intelligence can be calculated by taking into account the regression of intelligence which is
waited once with aging. "Global intelligence" is measured by the use of 11
diversified subtests. Six of these constitute a scale of verbal intelligence and measure
verbal abilities, in arithmetic, and in areas dependent on reasoning
abstract (for example, the ability to perceive logical relationships and to use symbols).
The remaining 5 subtests comprise the performance intelligence scale and they depend on capacity.
the subject of solving practical situations that require execution and handling skills
(manipulation). The 6 subtasks included in the verbal scope are informing, understanding,
arithmetic, similarities, distance between fingers ('digit span') and vocabulary. The 5 subtests
included in the performance score is the digital symbol, the completion
images, group drawing, arranging images and assembling objects.
STANFORD – BINET INTELLIGENCE TEST. This is one of the tests of
intelligence is the most widely used and it is particularly suitable for children. It consists of
selection of some short problems adapted for ages 2-14 at 6-month levels and
a year, with three levels of 'adult' difficulty. A wide range of psychological functions is tested,
with a predominance of verbal and language functions. The problems - tests vary at different levels of
age or appear in more difficult forms at higher levels. Performance (execution) is
expressed in terms of mental age and intelligence quotient. Due to standardization
due to the nature of the problems it encompasses, this test seems suitable for children of
school and teenagers.
"GESTALT" - THE "BENDER" TEST. This is considered a test of function
visual motor skills and depends on the responses triggered by 9 standard (described) models.
The drawings are presented separately, one at a time, to the subject who is asked to copy them.
sheet of paper. The interpretation of test results depends on many factors, including
the way in which the files of relations between them, of the spatial background, and of
the reproduction of the drawing over time.

THE LABYRINTH TEST OF PORTEUS. In this performance test, it is required

the subject to trace a path (a line) through a series of mazes of a certain degree of difficulty
increasing at annual levels. In this test, performance seems to be related to the coefficient of
traditional intelligence. Successfully designating within the complexity of mazes proves
the capacity: the way the test is solved is related to aspects of personality.
THE GOODENOUGH TEST OF DRAWING A MAN. This is a test of
the performance through which the ability of a subject to describe the image of a person is tested.
The drawing is annotated according to established standards.

MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY. This test

A standardized personality objective, widely used, consists of several hundred different
form about feelings, family problems, attitudes, events and reactions that
the subject is requested to classify them as 'correct', 'incorrect' or 'I can't say'. Profile
Personality can be determined based on 9 categories: hypochondria, depression, hysteria, deviation.
psychopath, masculinity, femininity, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizophrenia and hypomania.
Interpretation is usually based on the profile as a whole.
BENTON VISUAL MEMORY TEST. This test aims to
the evaluation of visual perception, visual memory, and visual reconstruction ability. A
a series of simple and complex drawings are presented for 5-10 seconds. The subject must
reproduce the drawing after various intervals of time (direct copying, immediate reproduction and
reproduce after an interval of 15 seconds.
HALSTED-REITAN TEST. This has become one of the test batteries
the most well-known and widely used neuropsychological ones. It is about a set
test provider of cognitive and adaptive abilities. Intelligence tests are included.
verbal and nonverbal, of concept formation, of expressive and receptive language, of memory, of
auditory perception, perception of time, tactile performance, perceived motor speed,
spatial relations, digital gnosis and simultaneous dual stimulation.

PROJECTIVE TEST
RORSCHACH TEST. This projective test consists of asking the subject to examine
10 standard cartoons with drawings, each containing an ink stain. Different aspects of
the answers of the subject contribute to the interpretation: the content of free associations of
the subject regarding ink stains; factors such as shape, color, or shadows; whether they
use the whole color or just a part of it, each ink spot has meanings
minimum conventionalize; the answers represent functions of the patient's own personality.
Feelings and motivations that are deep or unconscious can stimulate distorted responses.
the test. Supporting the utility of such a projective technique for assessing an injury
organic cerebral is based on findings of repetition, perplexity, stereotypical responses and
confusion with such patients.
THE THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST (TAT). This is a projective test that
based on the storytelling narrated by the subject during the viewing of the material - test consisting of 20

cards with images appropriately selected for age and gender. The images differ from each other
they are intentionally unclear and ambiguous.
For each image, the subject constructs a plot (action) or a story.
imagine. The themes of these stories can reveal attitudes, tendencies, and conflicts, as
The themes transposed into stories are often connected to analogous themes from the subject's life.
The content of the stories provides indications regarding the way of perceiving and thinking of
the subject, as well as the fears, needs, and hopes of the subject. For use with children
A version known as the Children's Apperception Test (CAT) has been developed.
THE PHASE COMPLETION TEST. The subject is asked to complete
a number of incomplete sentences. It is considered that the way in which the sentences are completed

devalues the desires, needs, and feelings of the subject. Because personalities present
different performance characteristics and because the test itself is simple, of short duration
if flexible, it is widely used as a corroboration test.
TEST "BUILD A STORY PICTURE" ( MAPS=Make a Picture-
Story Test). The test materials consist of a large number of cut-out figures. The patient
select the figures, arrange them and then tell a story related to the arrangement.
 The selection and arrangement of materials by the subject and the invented stories can
devalue the conscious and unconscious needs and feelings of the subject.
THE WORD ASSOCIATION TEST. The subject is presented with a series of
words are stimuli and the response time, content of the response and associated emotion are recorded
with each word. The selected words are neutral and chosen to provide diagnostic help
based on the ratio between normal and abnormal responses. Examples of words used in
these tests are white, dark, woman, doctor, anger, scared.
THE "HOUSE-TREE-PERSON" TEST (H-T-P = House-Tree-Person Test).
The subject is asked to draw by hand a house, a tree, and a person. Based on
information regarding maturity, sensitivity, flexibility, and
the integration of the subject's personality.