CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Abhay
Pratap Singh of Class XII A has
prepared the report on the
project entitled “Full Wave
Rectifier”. The report is the result
of his efforts and endeavors. The
report is found worthy of
acceptance as final project report
for the subject Physics of Class
XII. He has prepared the report
under the guidance of Aparna
Chathli and Bhim Prakash.
________________
________________
Aparna Chathli sign. Bhim
Prakash sign.
ACKNOWLEDGEMEN
T
I would like to express my special
thanks of gratitude to my teacher
(Aparna Chathli) who gave me
the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topic
(Full Wave Rectifier), which also
helped me in doing a lot of
Research and I came to know
about so many new things I am
really thankful to them.
Secondly, I would also like to
thank my parents and friends
who helped me a lot in finalizing
this project within the limited
time frame.
CONTENT
Aim
Principle
Working
Merits
Precaution
Bibliography
AIM
To prepare a full wave
rectifier and show that
Alternating current
(A.C) is converted into
Direct current (D.C)
PRINCIPLE
A rectifier which rectifies both
waves of the A.C input is called a
full wave rectifier.
It is based upon the principle that
a junction diode offers low
resistance during forward biased
and high resistance, when
reverse biased.
WORKING
The centre tapped full wave rectifier uses a centre tapped transformer to
convert the input AC voltage into output DC voltage.
When input AC voltage is applied, the secondary winding of the centre tapped
transformer divides this input AC voltage into two parts: positive and negative.
During the positive half cycle of the input AC signal, terminal A become positive,
terminal B become negative and centre tap is grounded. The positive terminal A
is connected to the p-side of the diode D1 and the negative terminal B is
connected to the n-side of the diode D1. So, the diode D1 is forward biased
during the positive half cycle and allows electric current through it.
On the other hand, the negative terminal B is connected to the p-side of the
diode D2 and the positive terminal A is connected to the n-side of the diode D2.
So the diode D2 is reverse biased during the positive half cycle and does not
allow electric current through it.
The diode D1 supplies DC current to the load RL. The DC current produced at the
load RL will return to the secondary winding through a centre tap.
During the negative half cycle, current flows only in the lower part of the circuit
while the upper part of the circuit carry no current to the load because the diode
D1 is reverse biased. Thus, during the negative half cycle of the input AC signal,
only diode D2 allows electric current while diode D1 does not allow electric
current.
Thus, the diode D1 allows electric current during the positive half cycle and
diode D2 allows electric current during the negative half cycle of the input AC
signal. As a result, both half cycles (positive and negative) of the input AC signal
are allowed. So, the output DC voltage is almost equal to the input AC voltage.
MERITS
High rectifier efficiency
Full wave rectifier has high rectifier efficiency than
the half wave rectifier. That means the full wave
rectifier converts AC and DC more efficiently than
the half wave rectifier.
Low power loss
In a half wave rectifier, only half cycle is allowed
and the remaining half cycle is blocked. As a
result, more than half of the voltage is wasted. But
in full wave rectifier, both half cycles are allowed
at the same time. So, no signal is wasted in full
rectifier.
Low ripples
The output DC signal in full wave rectifier has
fewer ripples than the half wave rectifier.
PRECAUTIONS
Keep safe yourself from high
voltage.
Solder the wire safely.
While soldering the wire
don’t touch the soldering tip.
Solder under adult super
vision.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. www.google.com
2. www.simple.wikipedia.org
3. www.images.google.com
4. www.ebooks.in
