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Lecture Notes Cybersecurity Ethical Hacking Networking

The document covers key concepts in cybersecurity, ethical hacking, and computer networking. It highlights the importance of cybersecurity in protecting sensitive data and preventing financial loss, outlines the role of ethical hackers in identifying vulnerabilities, and describes various types of computer networks and their devices. Best practices for cybersecurity and tools used in ethical hacking are also discussed.

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123 views2 pages

Lecture Notes Cybersecurity Ethical Hacking Networking

The document covers key concepts in cybersecurity, ethical hacking, and computer networking. It highlights the importance of cybersecurity in protecting sensitive data and preventing financial loss, outlines the role of ethical hackers in identifying vulnerabilities, and describes various types of computer networks and their devices. Best practices for cybersecurity and tools used in ethical hacking are also discussed.

Uploaded by

abdams6133
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Detailed Lecture Notes on

Cybersecurity, Ethical Hacking, and


Computer Networking
1. Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting computers, servers, mobile devices,
networks, and data from malicious attacks. It includes technologies, processes, and controls
that are designed to safeguard digital systems and information.

Importance of Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity is important because:
- It protects sensitive data from hackers.
- Prevents financial loss caused by cyber attacks.
- Helps maintain trust in digital services.
- Ensures the safety of critical infrastructure like banks and hospitals.

Common Cyber Threats


- Malware: Malicious software such as viruses, worms, and ransomware.
- Phishing: Fake emails or websites used to steal login information.
- Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks: Flooding systems to crash them.
- Man-in-the-Middle Attacks: Intercepting data sent between two parties.

Cybersecurity Best Practices


- Use strong passwords and change them regularly.
- Install and update antivirus software.
- Avoid clicking on suspicious links.
- Regularly back up important files.
- Use firewalls to protect networks.

2. Ethical Hacking
Ethical hacking is the authorized practice of bypassing system security to identify potential
data breaches and threats in a network. Also known as white-hat hacking, it involves legal
permission to test the vulnerabilities of a system.

Types of Hackers
- White Hat: Ethical hackers who use their skills to improve security.
- Black Hat: Criminal hackers who exploit systems for malicious gain.
- Grey Hat: Hackers who may violate rules but not with harmful intent.
Why Ethical Hacking is Important
- Helps organizations fix security issues before hackers find them.
- Builds safer software and systems.
- Prevents large-scale data breaches.
- Improves awareness about security vulnerabilities.

Tools Used in Ethical Hacking


- Nmap: Network scanner.
- Metasploit: Exploits vulnerabilities.
- Wireshark: Network protocol analyzer.
- Burp Suite: Tests web application security.

3. Computer Networking
Computer networking is the practice of connecting two or more computers to share
resources such as files, internet access, printers, and applications.

Types of Networks
- LAN (Local Area Network): Covers a small area like a home or office.
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a city or large campus.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers large geographical areas like the internet.

Network Devices
- Router: Connects different networks and directs data.
- Switch: Connects devices within a LAN.
- Modem: Connects a network to the internet.
- Access Point: Enables wireless connections.

Network Topologies
- Bus: All devices connected to a single cable.
- Star: Devices connected to a central hub.
- Ring: Each device connected to two others, forming a ring.
- Mesh: Every device is connected to every other device.

Examples of Networking
- Sharing a printer in a school computer lab.
- Using Wi-Fi at home to connect multiple devices.
- Accessing cloud storage from different locations.

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