Science Answer Key Topic – L- 2 Animals in Their Surroundings Class – V

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EXERCISES
A. 1. Food, water, shelter;
2. Duck;
3. Claws;
4. Skin;
5. African Antelopes

B. 1. TRUE;
2. FALSE;
3. TRUE;
4. FALSE;
5. TRUE

C. 1. African antelope (answer may vary)

D. 1. Sheep
2. Tiger
3. Lion

E. 1. Animals which can live both on land and in water are called amphibians.
2. Caribou and Arctic tern
3. a. Pigeons and Human beings
b. Fish and Tadpoles
4. Sparrows have streamlined body, forelimbs developed into wings and hollow
bones that make their body light and help them in flying whereas ostriches have
heavy bodies and poor developed wings so they cannot fly.
5. Yes, the shape of bird’s beak affects the kind of food it eats. For example, carnivore
birds such as eagle and vulture have hooked beaks which help them to tear
flesh.
 6. Breathing mechanism of insects consists of spiracles. Spiracles lead into a
network of tubes present all through the body. This tube is called trachea.
7. Animals which can fly are called aerial animals.
8. The large-scale movement of animals in search of favorable condition is called
migration.
For example: The arctic tern travels from Arctic to Antarctic in winter. It again
goes to Arctic in summers. Monarch butterflies fly from Canada to Mexico during
the winter season.
F. 1.

Forelimbs of animals Hindlimbs of animals

2Human beings use their forelimbs or 2Human beings use their hindlimbs or
arms to hold objects. legs to walk, stand, run, and swim.

Animals such as turtles and penguins Animals such as kangaroos use their
use their forelimbs to swim. The hindlimbs to hop from one place to
forelimbs of birds are modified into another. Frogs have webbed hindlimbs
wings that help them fly. that help them to swim.

2. The body covering of some animals makes them look very similar to the
surroundings in which they live in. This is called camouflage. For example, the
deer is not easily visible in the forest due to its body covering. Camouflage is
important for survival as it helps animals escape predators.
3. Feathers cover the body of birds. They keep the body of birds warm and also
help them to fly.
4. Hemoglobin is a special substance found in blood that combines with oxygen in
air and carries it to all parts of the body from the lungs.
5. The features of birds that help them to fly are:
• A streamlined body
• Forelimbs modified into wings
• Hollow bones that make the body light
• Strong chest muscles that provide energy for flying
• A tail to change direction while flying
• Claws that help them to walk on the ground and sit on the tree branches
 6. Snakes do not have legs. They move with the help of scales present on the
underside of their bodies. They have strong muscles and flexible backbone
which help them to grip the ground and move.
7. Breathing mechanism of insects consists of small holes called spiracles which
are present on their body. Spiracles are connected to a network of tubes called
trachea. Air enters the spiracles and passes through the trachea. Oxygen in
this air is absorbed by the tissues and carbon dioxide is removed through the
spiracles.
8. Whales and dolphins breathe using their lungs that can take in oxygen only from
air. So, they cannot breathe under water and have to come to the surface of
water to breathe. They have a blowhole on the head for breathing. When they
breathe in, oxygen from the air enters their body through a blowhole. When
they breathe out, carbon dioxide leaves the body along with water.
9. Human beings cannot breathe in water because their lungs cannot take in oxygen
from
the air dissolved in water. Whales also have lungs that can take in oxygen only
from air.
So, they cannot breathe under water. However, they can come to the surface
of water to breathe using a blowhole. Hence, a mammal like whale can
survive in the ocean whereas human beings drown.

G. 1. Below are the effects of climate change, the challenges birds such as flamingos
may face, and the adaptations they might undergo to overcome these challenges.
• Effect of climate change: Climate change can disrupt the migration of birds
such as flamingos by altering temperatures and the availability of food and
water along their traditional routes.
• Challenges: If their usual habitats become too hot or dry, or if food becomes
scarce,
the birds may struggle to find suitable places to stop during migration.
• Adaptation: The birds may adapt by changing their migration routes or
adjusting thetiming of their migration to align with changing environmental
conditions. They mightalso seek new locations that provide favourable
conditions for survival.
2.Fish breathing: Fish breathe underwater using gills. They take in water through
their mouths, and as it flows over the gills, oxygen is absorbed into the blood and
carbon dioxide is released.
• Mammal breathing: Mammals breathe using lungs. When they inhale, air
enters through the nostrils, travels down the windpipe, and reaches the
lungs. In the lungs, oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide is
exhaled.
• Reason for differences: Fish live in water, where oxygen is dissolved, so
they need gills to extract it efficiently. Mammals live on land and rely on
their lungs to extract oxygen from the air. These adaptations are vital for
their survival in their respective environments.
H. 1. Animals survive in their environment with the help of the following features:
• Scales on reptiles: Reptiles, such as snakes and crocodiles, have scales
that protect them from potential hazards in their environment and help retain
moisture, preventing water loss in hot conditions.
• Feathers on birds: Birds, such as sparrows, have feathers that keep them
warm and help them fly. Feathers provide insulation, which is especially
important for birds living in colder environments.
• Fur on mammals: Animals such as polar bears and arctic foxes have thick
fur that keeps them warm in cold climates. This fur helps mammals regulate
their body temperature and protects them from extreme weather conditions.
2. a. The axolotl uses its tail for movement in water by swishing it back and
forth, which helps it propel itself forward and swim.
b. The axolotl retains its tail and continues to live in water, whereas amphibians such
as frogs lose their tails and develop strong legs for hopping on land. This
difference helps the axolotl move easily in water, allowing it to survive in
aquatic environments.
3. In addition to changes in weather and climate, here are three key reasons
animals migrate that are essential for their survival.
• To find food: Animals migrate to find abundant food sources.
• To reproduce: Some animals migrate to lay eggs or give birth in safer places.
• To escape predators: Migration helps some animals avoid areas with high
predator populations, increasing their chances of survival.