INHERITANCE
Example 1. Find the number of different gametes that can be observed during meiosis division of a
human with genotype : aaBBCcDdEE. Write gamete possibilities. (Genes are non linked)
Example 2. Find the number of different gametes that can be observed during meiosis division of a
human with genotype : AabbCcDdEe . (The genes are not linked)
Example 3. What is the probability to form a gamete as ABcde from a person with genotype:
AABbCcDdee? (The genes are not linked)
Example 4. During following crossing Aa Bb Dd Ee x aa Bb Dd EE (The genes are not linked)
A) Find the ratio of babies with aaBbDDEe genotype
B) Find the ratio of babies with AbdE phenotype
Example 5. The genotype of F1 individuals in a tetrahybrid cross is AaBbCcDd. Assuming self
fertilization and independent assortment of these four genes, what are the probabilities that F2
offspring would have the following genotypes? (The genes are not linked)
a. aabbccdd
b. AaBbCcDd
c. AABBCCDD
d. AaBBccDd
Example 6.Female with genotype: AaBBCc and male with genotype : aaBbcc are crossed. (The genes
are not linked)
a) What is the probability to form a girl baby with AaBbcc genotype ?
b) What is the probability to form a baby with aBC phenotype ?
Example 7. What is the probability that each of the following pairs of parents will produce the
indicated offspring (assume independent assortment of all gene pairs)?
a. AABbCc x aabbcc ----> AaBbCc:
b. AABbCc x AaBbCc -----> AAbbCC
c. AaBbCc x AaBbCc -----> AaBbCc
d. aaBbCC x AABbcc ----> AaBbC
Example 8. (Mother Genotype) AaBBCc x aaBbcc (Father Genotype ) (MEB)
The ratio of forming a boy baby with AaBbcc genotype =?
Example 9. Crossing: AaBbDd x AaBbDd What is the probability of forming members with
phenotypes which are dominant for two characters and recessive for one character. (The genes are
not linked)
Example 10. Brown spots (B) are dominant over no spots (b). If a Bb individual is crossed with a BB
individual resulting in 200 offspring, how many offspring will be heterozygous for the trait?
In humans, having dimples (D) is dominant over not having dimples (d) and a cleft chin (C) is
dominant over a smooth chin (c). If a male and female heterozygous for both genes have children,
what percentage will have dimples and a smooth chin?
Example 11. Colorblindness is a recessive x-linked trait. If a colorblind female has children with a
normal male, what percentage of their male children will be colorblind?
Example 12. In humans, having a widow’s peak (W) is dominant to not having a widow’s peak (w). If
a male with genotype Ww has children with a female with genotype ww, what percentage of
offspring will not have a widow’s peak?
Example 13. In pea plants, tall stems (T) are dominant to dwarf stems (t) and round seeds (R) are
dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). In a TtRr x ttrr F1 cross that produces 500 F2 plants, how many plants
have dwarf stems and round seeds?
Example 14. In guinea pigs, white coat color (b) is recessive to black coat color (B). If two
heterozygotes are crossed, what percentage of offspring will also be heterozygous?
Example 15. White eyes in fruit flies is a recessive x-linked trait. If a carrier female is crossed with a
wild type male, resulting in 742 female and 760 male offspring, how many of the males will have
white eyes?
Example 16. In a AaBbCc x AaBbcc cross, what percentage of offspring are homozygous recessive for
all traits?
Examples (ABO Blood System)
The chart below lists the blood phenotypes of 8 individuals. Use the information in the chart to
solve the genetics problems that follow.
Females Blood Type Males Blood Type
Anne Type O Charlie Type A
Wendy Type B Scott Type AB
Susan Type AB Larry Type O
Patricia Type A Keith Type B
1. Larry has a son with type B blood. Which of the females listed above could be this child's
biological mother?
2. Anne is pregnant with Scott's child. What is the chance that the baby will have type A blood?
3. Because her daughter has type B blood, Patricia insists that Keith is the father. Keith claims that
Scott is the father of Patricia's baby girl. Is it possible that Scott is the baby's father?
4. Keith and Wendy have a 4-year old son with type O blood. How is this possible?
5. Susan is the mother of Charlie's first two children. The oldest, Dawn, has type AB blood while her
sister, Kate, has type B blood. Charlie is now expecting a baby with Anne. What is the chance that
this child will have type O blood?
6. Erin, Patricia and Larry's daughter, is married to Jeff. Jeff was in a serious car accident and needs a
transfusion but Erin is told that Jeff cannot be given her blood. Based on this information, provide
Erin's blood genotype and blood phenotype.
7. Scott and Susan's son, Paul, is willing to donate blood to a young girl with leukemia. If the
recipient has type O blood, will Paul be able to donate to her?
