PROJECT TITLE

Unmanned wireless water quality testing and alerting aqua parameter autonomously in large scale fish
farms (Aqua farms)

SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSAL

Water quality testing is an important part of environmental monitoring. When water quality is poor, it
affects not only aquatic life but the surrounding ecosystem as well. Water quality monitoring can help
researchers predict and learn from natural processes in the environment and determine human impacts on
an ecosystem. These measurement efforts can also assist in restoration projects or ensure environmental
standards are being met.

Indian fisheries and aquaculture is an important sector of food production, providing nutritional security
to the food basket, contributing to the agricultural exports and engaging about 14 million people in
different activities. With diverse resources ranging from deep seas to lakes in the mountains and more
than 10% of the global biodiversity in terms of fish and shellfish species since independence, the country
has shown continuous and sustained increments in fish production. Constituting about 6.3% of the global
fish production, the sector contributes to 1.1% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 5.15% of the
agricultural GDP. The total fish production of 10.1 million metric tonnes presently has nearly 65%
contribution from the inland sector and nearly the same from culture fisheries. The annual carp seed
production is to the tune of 25 billion and that of shrimp about 12 billion, with increasing diversification
in the recent past.

This proposal gives a clear idea on monitoring the water quality parameters like conductivity, salinity,
total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, pH concentration, active radiation, solar radiation,
turbidity, total suspended solids/clarity and water temperature, which are needed for proper growth and
yields in aqua farming. Separate sensors are employed for monitoring each and every aqua parameters.
These sensors may be an ordinary sensors or wireless sensors. In cases when the parameters are
monitored using ordinary sensors, the sensed values are interfaced with Zigbee for long distance
communication to make the actuator to turn ON/OFF. Few parameters like active radiation, solar
radiation, total suspended solids/clarity and water temperature are measured using wireless sensors. In
these cases, the sensed information will be directly communicated to make the actuator to turn ON/OFF.
This proposal will be employing the mixture of ordinary sensors and wireless sensors.

The sensed values will be transferred to the monitoring station (which has the actuator) for turning
ON/OFF the control sections. The main novel concept in this proposal is that, each and every parameters
will be linked with an individual actuator. For example, considering water temperature, the sensors will
be sensing the water temperature and will be forwarding the data to the actuator. The actuator operates on
the basic principle of upper limit and lower limit. When the water temperature drops down below lower
level, the water temperature actuator will get ON, and will supply necessary temperature to the water
through the control section. When the temperature of the water rises above the upper level, the actuator
gets OFF. Each parameter measurement will be carried out from: sensor – actuator – control section.
Each and every parameters have separate actuator and control section. Similarly, considering pH level,
the sensor keeps on monitoring the pH level of the water and will be continuously sending the values to
the actuator. When the pH level of the water gets dropped below lower limit, the actuator gets ON. Then
the actuator automatically drives the control section and increases the pH level of the water. When the
pH level increases beyond needed level, the actuator gets OFF, thereby turning OFF the control section.

This proposal is the first-hand work in aqua farms, because every parameters will have separate sensors
and separate actuators. Each and every parameters will have necessary control sections, so that the
parameters will be raised when they fall below lower limit, or the parameters will be lowered when they
cross the upper limit. This proposal will be interest to the real-world fish cultivation community, because
no human assistance is needed, and the whole system will be controlled automatically. In future, this
project can be interfaced with IoT, in cases when controlling of any parameters is needed online.

LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] The advancement of aquaculture has been on under advance for as long as a couple of years because
of the absence of aquaculture learning and natural changes. This existing work generally concentrates on
the upgrading of rural and aquaculture development through advanced information and communication
processes. It extends the aquaculture organization's ability to meet the needs of its farmers. By utilizing
IOT, it improves the simple access observing framework to diminish the human worry in aquaculture.
This work gives the preferred data at any moment of time from any part of the world and screening their
concern instantly at any part of the location.

[2] The hardware in this work consists of two modules which are transmitter station and receiver station.
The transmitter station consists of sensor nodes such as pH, humidity, and temperature inside and outside
of water, and also microcontrollers, GSM, analog/digital converters. The receiver station consists of
GSM module for receiving the sensing data from transmitter through GSM network. The receiver station
receives data through the com port and stores in PC in order to achieve human-computer interface. The
graphical user interface was designed, so that farmers and investigators can observe, investigate and
analyze the related data. The user interface allows us to convey the analysed data in the form of a
message to the farmers in their respective local languages to their Mobile Phones and alerts them in
unhygienic environmental conditions.

[3] This work brings out a proof-of-concept for remote monitoring and control of fish farms using WSN
(Wireless Sensor Networks). The system allows a 24/7 live monitoring of water quality (mainly
Temperature, pH value and Dissolved Oxygen value) in fish farms. The system is remotely accessed
through the Internet via Desktop PCs and Mobile Phones. The system has the capability of sending
alarms via different methods (emails or website notifications) to fish farms administrators. Thus,
allowing them to take appropriate measures by means of remote actuation of different utilities installed in
 the fish tanks. The system aims to reduce the accidental mortality of fish which might happen due to
water pollution or sudden environmental changes.

[4] This work points out a wireless sensor network based monitoring and control system for aquaculture.
The system can detect and control water quality parameters of temperature, dissolved oxygen content, pH
value, and water level in real-time. The sensor nodes collect the water quality parameters and transmit
them to the base station host computer through ZigBee wireless communication standard. The host
computer is used for data analysis, processing and presentation using LabVIEW software platform. The
water quality parameters will be sent to owners through short messages from the base station via the
Global System for Mobile (GSM) module for notification. The experimental evaluation of the network
performance metrics of quality of communication link, battery performance and data aggregation was
offered.

[5] Nowadays with the advancement in integrated on chip computers like Arduino, Raspberry pi the
technology is reaching the ground level with its application in agriculture and aquaculture. Water quality
is a critical factor while culturing aquatic organisms. It mainly depends on several parameters like
dissolved oxygen, ammonia, pH, temperature, salt, nitrates, carbonates etc. The quality of water is
monitored continuously with the help of sensors to ensure growth and survival of aquatic life. The sensed
data is transferred to the aqua farmer mobile through cloud. As a result preventive measures can be taken
in time to minimize the losses and increase the productivity.

SOCIAL RELEVANCE
 This is an un-manned automated fish farming aquaculture system.
 Every parameter are both monitored and controlled automatically.
 Assessments of every parameter are based on upper limit and lower limit.
 No human assistance is needed, thereby reduces the expenses of fish farms.
 If needed, the fish farm conditions can be monitored via IoT.

EXPECTED OUTCOME/DELIVERABLES

Duration
S. No. Outcome/Deliverables
(in months)

Framing the project execution methods and conducting

1. 01 - 04
reviews.
Purchase of components like sensors, wireless sensors and
2. 05 - 08
control equipments.

Developing automatic control sections (actuators) for every

3. 09 -12
parameters.
 4. 13 - 19 Linking sensors and actuators, after testing in software.

5. 20 - 21 Identification of faults and rectification.

6. 22 - 24 Final review and report preparation.

OBJECTIVES
 This proposal gives a clear idea on monitoring the water quality parameters like
conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, pH, active
radiation, solar radiation, turbidity, total suspended solids/clarity and water temperature,
which are needed for proper growth and yields in aqua farming.

 Each and every parameters will have necessary control sections, so that the parameters
will be raised when they fall below lower limit, or the parameters will be lowered when
they cross the upper limit. This proposal will be interest to the real-world fish cultivation
community, because no human assistance is needed, and the whole system will be
controlled automatically.

PROPOSED DURATION: 2 Years

BUDGET

S. No Budget Head Year I Year II

1. Manpower for placing sensors in water Rs. 2,00, 000 Rs. 2,00, 000

2. Sensors, wireless sensors, assorted components Rs. 6,00, 000 Rs. 6,00, 000

3. Designing control station (equipment) Rs. 2,00, 000 Rs. 2,00, 000

Software for testing and executing the project

3. Rs. 2,00, 000 Rs. 1,00, 000
before real-time implementation

4. Travel and Meetings Rs. 1,00, 000 Rs. 1,00, 000

5. Training/Demonstration Rs. 1,00, 000 Rs. 1,00, 000

Total Amount (Rs.) Rs. 14,00,000 Rs. 13,00,000

Grand Total (Rs.) Rs. 27,00,000

Rupees Twenty Seven Lakhs Only

REFERENCES
[1] S. P. Kumar Gudapati, “E-Aquaculture Monitoring Using Internet of Things”, International Journal
of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, pp.413-418, 2018.
[2] Suresh Babu Chandanapalli, Sreenivasa Reddy E and Rajya Lakshmi D, “Design and Deployment of
Aqua Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks and IAR-Kick”, J Aquac Res Development
Vol.5, No.283, 2014.

[3] Ihab Adly, H.F. Ragai, Samuel Wilson, Hossam Sayour, “Remote Control and Monitoring of Fish
Farms using Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE International Conference on Computer Engineering and
Systems (ICCES 2017), Egypt, 2017.

[4] Daudi S. Simbeye and Shi Feng Yang, “Water Quality Monitoring and Control for Aquaculture
Based on Wireless Sensor Networks”, Journal of Networks, Vol. 9, No. 4, April 2014.

[5] Dr.M.S.Chavan , Mr.Vishal P.Patil2, Sayali Chavan, Sharikmasalat Sana, Chailatli Shinde, “Design
and Implementation of IOT Based Real Time Monitoring System for Aquaculture using Raspberry Pi”,
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication, Volume: 6
Issue: 3, pp. 159 – 161, 2018.