Lesson – Reproduction in Plants

Question & Answers

1. What is the function of the cotyledon for the baby plant?

ANS. – It stores food for the baby plant
2. What are seeds with only one cotyledon called?
ANS. – Monocotyledons.
3. Give examples of monocotyledons.
ANS. – Maize, wheat, and rice.
4. What are seeds with two cotyledons called?
ANS. – Dicotyledons
5. Give examples of Dicotyledons.
ANS. – Gram, pea, and bean.
6. What are cotyledons?
ANS. – Parts of the seed that contain food for the baby plant.
7. What is the next major topic discussed?
ANS. – Seed Germination.
8. What is a small plant that grows from a seed known as?
ANS. – Seedling.
9. Where does the seedling get its food from until it forms new green leaves?
ANS. – From the cotyledons.
10. What is the process of growing a seed into a seedling called?
ANS. – Germination.
11. What does a seed usually wait for before it can grow or germinate?
ANS. – The right conditions.
12. What conditions are necessary for a seed to germinate?
ANS. – Water, air, and warmth.
13. Why does a seed need water during germination?
ANS. – To soften the seed coat and dissolve food.
14. How does water help the baby plant use stored food?
ANS. – It makes the food soluble.
15. Why is warmth important for a seed to become active?
ANS. – It makes the seed active.
16. What gas does a seed need for breathing?
ANS. – Oxygen.
17. What are the key stages in the 'Germination of a seed' diagram?
ANS. – Seed Coat, Cotyledon, Embryo, Foliage Leaves, Primary Root.
18. What is the aim of the 'Activity' described?
ANS. – To study suitable conditions for germination.
19. What materials are required for the germination activity?
ANS. – Seeds, dishes, cotton, water.
20. What is the first step of the method for the activity?
ANS. – Put about 10 seeds in each dish.
21. Describe the conditions for the seeds in the first dish.
ANS. – Without water at room temperature.
22. Describe the conditions for the seeds in the third dish.
ANS. – Covered with water at room temperature.
23. Describe the conditions for the seeds in the fourth dish.
ANS. – Moist cotton in ice box.
24. After how many days should the observation be made?
ANS. – After 4-5 days.
25. In which dish did the seeds germinate and why?
ANS. – Only in the second dish because all conditions were right.
26. What is the next main topic discussed?
ANS. – Dispersal of Seeds.
27. Do plants produce a large or small number of seeds?
ANS. – A large number.
28. What would happen if all seeds fell near the parent plant?
ANS. – Not enough water and nutrients.
29. Why do seeds need to separate from their mother plant?
ANS. – To grow well
30. How has nature arranged for seeds to scatter over large distances?
ANS. – Through various agents.
31. What are the natural elements that scatter seeds called?
ANS. – Agents of dispersal.
32. What is the role of these agents of dispersal?
ANS. – Carry seeds away from the parent plant.
33. What is the process of scattering seeds called?
ANS. – Seed dispersal.
34. What sub-topic details the different ways seeds are scattered?
ANS. – Agents of dispersal.
35. What are the typical characteristics of seeds dispersed by wind?
ANS. – Small, flat, dry, light.
36. How do wind-dispersed seeds travel in the air?
ANS. – Have wings to float.
37. Give examples of seeds carried by wind.
ANS. – Maple, dandelion & cotton.
38. What type of plants have seeds dispersed by water?
ANS. – Plants near water.
39. Give examples of plants dispersed by water.
ANS. – Lotus and coconut.
40. How far can a coconut travel in the sea?
ANS. – Thousands of kilometers.
41. What characteristic helps the lotus float?
ANS. – Spongy and light fruit.
42. What feature of coconut helps it float?
ANS. – Thick fibrous coat.
43. How do birds and animals help in seed dispersal?
ANS. – Eat fruits and throw seeds.
44. What physical features aid animal dispersal?
ANS. – Hooks or spines on seeds.
45. How do seeds with hooks get carried away?
ANS. – Stick to animal fur or clothes.
46. Examples of seeds with hooks or glue?
ANS. – Castor, burdock, mimosa.
47. To what do these seeds cling?
ANS. – Fur, wings, or clothes.
48. What are examples of seeds dispersed by animals?
ANS. – Xanthium seed, Spear grass, Tiger nail seed.
49. What method involves fruits like peas and lady finger bursting?
ANS. – Explosion.
50. Examples of dispersal by explosion?
ANS. – Peas and lady finger.
51. How does explosion help seed travel?
ANS. – Seeds fly away from parent plant.
 Additional Questions & Answers

1. What is plant reproduction?

Ans. – Plants are living things that produce more of their own kind in different ways. Most plants
reproduce through seeds. Some plants reproduce by their vegetative parts such as roots, leaves or stems.
2. How do plants reproduce from seeds?
Ans. – After flowers bloom and turn into fruit. Fruits have seeds inside them. These seeds contain a new
plant. When the seeds are sown into the soil, a new young plant starts growing.
3. What is inside a seed?
Ans. – A seed consists of a baby plant inside it called the embryo. The outer covering of the seed is
called a seed coat which protects the internal parts of the seed. A seed also has a seed leaf called
cotyledon which stores food for the baby plant inside. Some seeds like maize and wheat have only
one cotyledon (monocotyledons), while others like gram and pea have two cotyledons (dicotyledons).
4. What is seed germination?
Ans. – Seed germination is the process of growing of a seed into a seedling. A seedling is the small
plant that grows from a seed. The seedling gets its food from the cotyledons till it forms new green
leaves.
5. What do seeds need to germinate?
Ans. – A seed needs the right conditions to grow or germinate water, air and sunlight (or warmth) Water
helps to soften the seed coat and makes the stored food usable. A seed needs oxygen for breathing and
warmth to get active.
6. Why is seed dispersal important?
Ans. – Plants produce many seeds, and if all fell nearby, they would not be enough water and nutrients
for all of them to grow well. Seed dispersal is the process of scattering of seeds or fruits away from the
mother plant.
7. How are seeds dispersed?
Ans. – Wind : Carries small, flat, dry and light in weight seeds like cotton, dandelion, and maple.
Water : Disperses seeds of plants growing near water, such as lotus and coconut. Lotus seeds are
spongy and light, while coconuts have a thick fibrous coat that helps them float.
Animals : Birds and animals eat fruits and throw away their seeds Some seeds have hooks or spines
(like castor, burdock, mimosa, Xanthium, tiger nail seed) that cling to the fur of animals, wings of
birds or clothes of human beings.
Explosion : Some fruits like pea, lady finger and bean burst or explode when dry, scattering their seeds
far from the parent plant.
8. How do plants reproduce through other parts?
Ans. – Root, stem, leaf is known as vegetative parts of the plant.
Through Roots : Plants like sweet potato, dahlia, potato, and ginger can produce new plants from their
roots. These roots are often swollen and tuberous due to storage of food.
Through Stems : Plants like rose, mint, hibiscus, and sugarcane can grow from stems. Sugarcane is
grown from small pieces called stem cuttings. Potato and ginger are underground stems that have
eyes (buds) from which new plants grow.
Through Leaves : The bryophyllum plant grows new plants from its leaves. Young buds arise along
the edges of bryophyllum leaves.
From Spores : Plants that do not have reproductive parts (like flowers), such as mushrooms, ferns,
and mosses, produce tiny spores. These spores often grow on the underside of their leaves and
develop into new plants when they fall.
9. What are crops?
Ans. – Crops are plants grown in large quantities to provide food and other useful substances.
Agriculture is the practice of growing these plants.
There are different kinds, including food crops, such as rice, maize and wheat, fiber crops, such as
cotton, jute and hemp, and oil producing crops, such as peanut, mustard and linseed. All crops need
sunlight, water, air and fertile soil to grow properly.