📚 Class 10 Notes (Matric) – All Subjects
📘 Subject 1: Physics
Chapter 10: Simple Harmonic Motion & Waves
Oscillation: Repeated motion about a mean position.
Wave Types:
o Mechanical: Need medium (Sound)
o Electromagnetic: No medium needed (Light)
Wave Speed Formula:
v=f×λv = f \times \lambdav=f×λ
Chapter 12: Current Electricity
Ohm’s Law:
V=IRV = IRV=IR
Series vs Parallel Circuits:
o Series: Same current
o Parallel: Same voltage
Chapter 13: Electromagnetism
Magnetic Field: Region around magnet where force acts.
Electromagnet: Magnet using electricity (Iron + coil + current)
Chapter 15: Electronics
Diode: Allows current in one direction.
Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT
📘 Subject 2: Chemistry
Chapter 9: Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible Reaction: Happens in both directions.
Equilibrium: Forward rate = Reverse rate
Chapter 10: Acids, Bases and Salts
Acid: Donates H⁺ (e.g., HCl)
Base: Donates OH⁻ (e.g., NaOH)
Salt: Formed by acid + base
Chapter 12: Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons: Compounds of H and C
Types: Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
Chapter 13: Biochemistry
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats
Enzymes: Biological catalysts
📘 Subject 3: Biology
Chapter 10: Gaseous Exchange
Respiration:
o Aerobic (with O₂)
o Anaerobic (without O₂)
Lungs: Main organ for gas exchange
Chapter 11: Homeostasis
Kidneys: Maintain water/salt balance
Dialysis: Artificial filtering of blood
Chapter 13: Reproduction
Asexual: One parent (Binary Fission)
Sexual: Two parents (Humans)
Chapter 14: Inheritance
Genes & Chromosomes
Mendel’s Laws: Dominant, Recessive traits
📘 Subject 4: Mathematics (Science Group)
Chapter 1: Quadratic Equations
Standard form:
ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0ax2+bx+c=0
Quadratic Formula:
x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}x=2a−b±b2−4ac
Chapter 3: Matrices and Determinants
Matrix operations: Addition, Multiplication
Determinant of 2x2 Matrix:
∣abcd∣=ad−bc\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix} = ad - bcacbd=ad−bc
Chapter 7: Coordinate Geometry
Distance Formula:
(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2\sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2
Midpoint Formula:
(x1+x22,y1+y22)\left(\frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2}\right)(2x1+x2,2y1+y2)
📘 Subject 5: English
Grammar Topics:
Tenses
Active & Passive Voice
Direct & Indirect Narration
Pair of Words
Correction of Sentences
Essay Topics:
My Aim in Life
Importance of Education
My Best Friend
A Visit to a Hill Station
Translation & Comprehension Practice
Focus on Urdu-to-English translations.
Practice from past papers.
📘 Subject 6: Urdu
Khulasa ( )خلاصہaur Tashreeh ()تشریح
Nazm aur Ghazal ke Asbaaq
Mazameen aur Inshaiya
Muhawarat ( )محاوراتaur Tarkeebain ()ترکیبیں
📘 Islamiyat (Compulsory)
Ahadees ()احادیث
Suraah Translation and Explanation
Life of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
Five Pillars of Islam
Tawheed, Risalat, Akhirat
Would you like:
✅ Printable PDF notes?
✅ MCQs and past papers for practice?
✅ Subject-wise PowerPoint slides?
Let me know what format you'd like and I’ll prepare it for you.
Ask ChatGPT
Tools
