ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN

KABUL MUNICIPALITY

KABUL MUNICIPALITY ROAD DESIGN TEAM

Standard Technical Specification for the project

Table of Contents Standard Technical Specification

STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Table of Contents
I. Scope of Works 1-4
1. Introduction 1
2. Project Location 2
3. Current Situation of the Road 3
4. Typical Cross Section and Future Development 3
5. Sub Surface Conditions 4

II. General Technical Specification

Section 1: General 1 - 53

101 Introduction 1
102 Definitions 1
103 Scope of Work 3
104 Mobilization 4
105 Materials 10
106 Construction Equipment 11
107 Drawings 12
108 Site Information 13
109 Setting Out 14
110 Public Utilities 16
111 Arrangement for Traffic during Construction 18
112 General Rules for the Measurement of Works for Payment 21
113 Scope of Rates for Different Items of Work 21
114 Methodology and Sequence of Work 24
115 Use of Surfaces by Construction Traffic 24
116 Living Quarters, Sheds, and Stores 25
117 Quality Control 25
118 Safety Management 37
119 Environmental Aspect 53

Section 2: Earthworks 65 - 117

201 Site Clearance (Clearing and Grubbing) 65-67

201.1 Scope of Work 65
201.2 Preservation of Property/Amenities 65
201.3 Methods, Tools and Equipments 65
201.4 Disposal of Materials 66
201.5 Method of Measurement 67
201.6 Rates 67

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Table of Contents Standard Technical Specification

202 Removal of Structures and Obstructions 68-71

202.1 Scope of Work 68
202.2 Dismantling Culverts and Bridges 69
202.3 Dismantling Pavements and Other Structures 70
202.4 Back-filling 70
202.5 Disposal of Materials 70
202.6 Method of Measurement 71
202.7 Rates 71

203 Road Excavation 72-81

203.1 Scope of Work 72
203.2 Classification of Excavated Material 72
203.3 Construction Operations 74
203.4 Plying of Construction Traffic 79
203.5 Preservation of Property 79
203.6 Preparation of Cut Formation 80
203.7 Method of Measurement 80
203.8 Rates 81

204 Structure Excavation 81-86

204.1 Scope of Work 81
204.2 Classification of Excavation 82
204.3 Construction Operations 82
204.4 Method of Measurements 86
204.5 Rates 86

205 Embankment and Fill 87-101

205.1 Scope of Work 87
205.2 Material Requirements 87
205.3 Construction Operations 89
205.4 Construction of Embankment and Subgrade under special
95
Conditions
205.5 Plying of Traffic 100
205.6 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work 100
205.7 Subgrade Strength 100
205.8 Measurements for Payment 100
205.9 Rates 101

206 Subgrade Preparation 102-104

206.1 Scope of Work 102
206.2 Construction Operation 102
206.3 Method of Measurement 103
206.4 Rates 104

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207 Turfing with Sods 104-107

207.1 Scope of Work 104
207.2 Materials 104
207.3 Construction Operations 105
207.4 Measurements for payment 106
207.5 Rates 107

208 Seeding and Mulching 107-110

208.1 Scope of Work 107
208.2 Materials 107
208.3 Seeding Operations 108
208.4 Mulching, Applying Bituminous Emulsion and Jute
109
Netting/Geonetting
208.5 Maintenance 110
208.6 Method of Measurement 110
208.7 Rates 110

209 Geotextile 111-117

209.1 Scope of Work 111
209.2 Submittals 112
209.3 Delivery, Storage and Handling 112
209.4 Materials 113
209.5 Execution 114
209.6 Measurements of Payment 117

Section 3: Road Works 118 - 217

301 Sub Base Course 118-122
301.1 Scope of Work 118
301.2 Preparation of underlying Material 118
301.3 Materials 118
301.4 Mix Design 119
301.5 Equipment 120
301.6 Layer Thickness 120
301.7 Compaction 120
301.8 Initial Tests 121
301.9 In-Place Tests 121
301.10 Field Density Tests 122
301.11 Method of Measurement 122
301.12 Rates 122

302 Base Course 123-127

302.1 Scope of Work 123
302.2 Materials 123
302.3 Strength of Sub-Base 124
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302.4 Construction Operation 124

302.5 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work 126
302.6 Method of Measurement 126
302.7 Rates 127

303 Prime Coat 127-129

303.1 Scope of Work 127
303.2 Materials 127
303.3 Construction Operation 128
303.4 Method of Measurement 129
303.5 Rates 129

304 Tack Coat 130-132

304.1 Scope of Work 130
304.2 Materials 130
304.3 Construction Operation 131
304.4 Method of Measurement 132
304.5 Rates 132

305 Seal Coat 132-137

305.1 Scope of Work 132
305.2 Materials 133
305.3 Construction Operations 135
305.4 Opening to traffic 136
305.5 Method of Measurement 137
305.6 Rates 137

306 Asphalt Concrete 137-152

306.1 Scope of Work 137
306.2 Materials 138
306.3 Mixture Design 141
306.4 Construction Operations 145
306.5 Opening to Traffic 152
306.6 Method of Measurement 152
306.7 Rates 152

307 Bituminous Work in Connection with Maintenance and Repairs 154-159

307.1 Scope of Work 154
307.2 Filling Potholes and Patch Repairs 154
307.3 Crack Sealing 157
307.4 Dusting 159

308 Control of Alignment, Level and Surface Regularity 160-162

308.1 Scope of Work 160
308.2 Horizontal Alignment 160

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308.3 Surface Levels 160

308.4 Surface Regularity of Pavement Courses 161
308.5 Rectification 162

309 Footpaths, Medians, Separators and Islands 165-169

309.1 Scope of Work 165
309.2 Materials 165
309.3 Construction Requirements 167
309.4 Method of Measurement 169
309.5 Rates 169

310 Concrete Curbs and Surface Gutters 169-172

310.1 Scope of Work 169
310.2 Materials 170
310.3 Type of Construction 170
310.4 Construction Requirements 170
310.5 Method of Measurement 172
310.6 Rates 172

311 Guide Stone 172 - 173

311.1 Scope of Work 172
311.2 Materials 173
311.3 Construction Requirements 173
311.4 Method of Measurement 173
311.5 Rates 173

312 Road Marking 174 - 176

312.1 Scope of Work 174
312.2 Materials 174
312.3 Construction Requirements 174
312.4 Method of Measurement 176
312.5 Rates 176

313 Traffic Signs 176 - 182

313.1 Scope of Work 176
313.2 Materials 177
313.3 Traffic Signs Having retro-reflective Sheeting 178
313.4 Installation 181
313.5 Method of Measurement 182
313.6 Rates 182

314 Traffic Signals 182 - 217

314.1 General 182
314.2 Signal Controllers 183
314.3 Singal Heads and Pedestrian Push Buttons 202

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314.4 Signal Installation 207

314.5 Poles and Mast Arms 213
314.6 Technical Support and Spares 215
314.7 Method of Measurement 217
314.8 Rates 217

Section 4: Concrete Works 218 - 262

401 Structural Concrete 218 - 246
401.1 Scope of Work 218
401.2 Materials 218
401.3 Grade of Concrete and their use 225
401.4 Proportioning of Concrete 227
401.5 Admixtures 229
401.6 Equipment 229
401.7 Mixing Concrete 231
401.8 Transporting, Placing and Compaction of Concrete 232
401.9 Construction Joints 233
401.10 Concreting Under Water 235
401.11 Adverse Weather Conditions 236
401.12 Protection and Curing 237
401.13 Finishing 240
401.14 Tolerances 241
401.15 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 242
401.16 Method of Measurement 245
401.17 Rates 246

402 Reinforcing Steel 246 - 253

402.1 Scope of Work 246
402.2 Material 246
402.3 Bending of Reinforcement 249
402.4 Placing of Reinforcement 249
402.5 Bar Splices 251
402.6 Testing and Acceptance 252
402.7 Method of Measurement 252
402.8 Rates 253

403 Formwork 253 - 262

403.1 Scope of Work 253
403.2 Materials 253
403.3 Design of Formwork 254
403.4 Workmanship 254
403.5 Formed Surface and Finish 257
403.6 Precautions 258
403.7 Preparation of Formwork Before Concrete 258
403.8 Removal of Formwork 260

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403.9 Re-Use of Formwork 260

403.10 Specialized Formwork 261
403.11 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 262
403.12 Method of Measurement 262
403.13 Rates 262

Section 5: Masonry Works 263 - 280

501 Brickworks 263 - 271
501.1 Scope of Work 263
501.2 Materials 263
501.3 Cement Mortar 264
501.4 Soaking of Bricks 265
501.5 Joints 265
501.6 Laying 265
501.7 Jointing Old and New Work 266
501.8 Curing 267
501.9 Scaffolding 267
501.10 Equipment 268
501.11 Finishing of Surfaces 268
501.12 Architectural Coping for Wing/Return/Parapet Wall 270
501.13 Acceptance of Work 270
501.14 Method of Measurement 271
501.15 Rates 271

502 Stone Masonry 272 - 280

502.1 Scope of Work 272
502.2 Materials 272
502.3 Type of Masonry 272
502.4 Construction Operations 272
502.5 Scaffolding 279
502.6 Weep Holes 279
502.7 Jointing with Existing Structures 279
502.8 Architectural Coping for Wing/Return/Parapet Walls 279
502.9 Tests and Standard of Acceptance 279
502.10 Method of Measurement 280
502.11 Rates 280

Section 6: Steel Works 281 - 307

601 Scope of Work 281 - 307
601.1 Description 281
601.2 Materials 281
601.3 Fabrication 283
601.4 Erection 291
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601.5 Painting 299

601.6 Galvanizing 303
601.7 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 306
601.8 Method of Measurement 306
601.9 Rates 307

Section 7: Drainage 308 - 332

701 Pipe Culverts 308 - 313
701.1 Scope of Work 308
701.2 Materials 308
701.3 Excavation for Pipe 308
701.4 Bedding for Pipe 309
701.5 Laying of Pipe 310
701.6 Jointing 311
701.7 Backfilling 311
701.8 Headwalls and other Ancillary Works 312
701.9 Opening to Traffic 312
701.10 Method of Measurement 312
701.11 Rates 313

702 Concrete Ditches, Manholes and Catch Basins 313 - 327

702.1 Scope of Work 313
702.2 Materials 313
702.3 Construction Requirements 315
702.4 Steel Grating Covers for Drainage Ditches 316
702.5 Method of Measurement 326
702.6 Rates 327

703 Mortared Stone Pitching 328 - 328

703.1 Scope of Work 328
703.2 Materials 328
703.3 Construction Requirements 328
703.4 Method of Measurement 328
703.5 Rates 328

704 Cleaning and Reconditioning Existing Drainage Structures 328 - 330

704.1 Scope of Work 328
704.2 Materials 329
704.3 Construction Requirements 329
704.4 Method of Measurement 330
704.5 Rates 330

705 Inlet/Outlet for Slab/Pipe Culverts 330 - 332

705.1 Scope of Work 330
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705.2 Materials 331

705.3 Construction Requirements 331
705.4 Method of Measurement 331
705.5 Rates 332

Section 8: Utilities 333 - 356

801 Street Lighting 333- 353
801.1 General 333
801.2 Scope of Work 333
801.3 Quality Assurance 334
801.4 Drawings and Documents 335
801.5 Standards and Regulations 337
801.6 Materials 338
801.7 Construction Requirements 346
801.8 Method of Measurement 352
801.9 Rates 353

802 Civil Works for Electrical Items 353 - 355

802.1 Scope of Work 353
802.2 Materials 353
802.3 Construction Requirements 353
802.4 Method of Measurement 355
802.5 Rates 355

803 Spare Ducts 355 - 356

803.1 Scope of Work 355
803.2 Materials 355
803.3 Construction Requirements 356
803.4 Method of Measurement 356
803.5 Rates 356

Section 9: Miscellaneous 353 - 373

901 Landscaping 358 - 363
901.1 Scope of Work 358
901.2 References 358
901.3 Materials 358
901.4 Preparation 359
901.5 Provision of Plants 359
901.6 Planting 360
901.7 Trees and Shrubs 360
901.8 Planting Boxes 362
901.9 Plantation Circles 362

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901.10 Cleaning Up 362

901.11 Nursing 362
901.12 Method of Measurement 363
901.13 Rates 363

902 Surface Treatment of Steel 364 - 368

902.1 Scope of Work 364
902.2 Materials 364
902.3 Construction Requirements 365
902.4 Method of Measurement 368
902.5 Rates 368

903 Bus Stop Shelther 368 - 371

903.1 Scope of Work 368
903.2 Materials 369
903.3 Method of Measurement 370
903.4 Rates 371

904 Gabions 371 - 373

904.1 Scope of Work 371
904.2 Materials 371
904.3 Construction Requirements 372
904.4 Method of Measurement 373
904.5 Rates

905 Cobble Stone Pavement

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

SECTION 1: GENERAL ‫ عمومیات‬:1 ‫بخش‬

101 Introduction ‫ معرفی‬101

Technical Specifications consist of General and ‫مشخصات تخنیکی شامل شرایط عمومی و‬
Special Technical Specifications. ‫ شرایط عمومی باید‬.‫شرایط خاص میباشد‬
General Technical Specification (GTS) shall ‫معموال باالی تمام کارهای سرک که الزم‬
commonly apply to all the road works as executed ‫است تحت "پروژه های سرک سازی شاروالی‬
under Kabul Municipality Road Construction .‫کابل" اجر گردد‬
‫شرایط خاص مشخصات تخنیکی ضروریات‬
Projects.
‫خاص را نظر به مشخصات هر جز در شرایط‬
Special Technical Specification (STS) supplement,
.‫ تعدیل و افزود می کند‬،‫عمومی ضمیمه‬
modify and add special requirements to the
‫در صورت بروز هر گونه تناقص یا اختالف‬
General Technical Specification depending on the ‫بین مشخصات عمومی و خاص مشخصات‬
characteristics of each component. In case there ‫ اولویت باید به مشخصات خاص‬،‫تخنیکی‬
are any contradictions or discrepancies between .‫تخنیکی داده شود‬
General and Special Technical Specifications, the ‫ مطابق به‬،‫افزودن مشخصات ویژه‬
priority shall be given to the Special Technical ‫مشخصات هر جز به مشخصات استاندارد‬
Specifications. .‫آن اضافه و آنرا اصالح میسازد‬
In every case, the works shall be carried out to the ‫ کارها باید طبق رضایت‬،‫در تمام حاالت‬
satisfaction of the Engineer to the location, lines, ‫ درجات‬،‫ ابعاد‬،‫ خطوط‬،‫انجنیر در ساحه‬
dimensions, grades and cross sections shown on ‫و مقاطع نشان داده شده در نقشه انجام‬
the drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. The ‫ پروسس مواد طبق‬،‫ کیفیت مواد‬.‫گردد‬
quality of materials, processing of materials as ‫ ویژگی های برجسته کار‬،‫ضرورت در ساحه‬
‫ساخت و ساز و کیفیت کار تمام شده‬
may be needed at the site, salient features of the
‫باید مطابق به مقتضیات مندرج در‬
construction work and quality of finished work
‫ جایی که نقشه ها‬.‫بخشهای بعدی باشد‬
shall comply with the requirements set forth in ‫و مشخصات یک قسمت از کار را فقط بشکل‬
succeeding sections. Where the drawings and ‫ نه بشکل‬،‫عمومی نشان داده باشد‬
Specifications describe a portion of the work in ‫ باید درک گردد که فقط‬،‫معلومات مکمل‬
only general terms, and not in complete detail, it ،‫بهترین روش کار عمده در چنین حالت‬
shall be understood that only the best general ‫مواد و محصول کار با کیفیت عالی بکار‬
practice is to prevail, materials and workmanship ‫رفته و با هدایات انجنیر کامال مطابقت‬
of the best quality are to be employed and .‫داشته باشد‬
instructions of the Engineer are to be fully
complied with.

102 Definitions ‫ تعریفات‬102

The words like Contract, Contractor, Engineer ،‫ قراردادی‬،‫لغات مانند قرارداد‬
(synonymous with Engineer-in-charge), Drawings, ،)‫انجنیر (همانند با انجنیر مسئول‬
Employer, Government, Works, Work Site, and ‫ ساحه‬،‫ کار‬،‫ دولت‬،‫ کارفرما‬،‫نقشه ها‬
Days (Calendar days) used in these Specifications )‫کار و روز ها (روز های تقویم‬
shall be deemed to have the meaning as ‫استفاده شده در این مشخصات را باید‬
‫پنداشته شود که معانی آن طبق تعریفات‬
understood from the definitions of these terms
‫داده شده آنان در شرایط عمومی داده‬
given in the General Conditions of Contract.
.‫شده قرارداد باشد‬
The following abbreviations shall have the
‫مخففات ذیل باید دارای چنین معانی‬
meaning as set forth below: :‫باشند‬

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

AASHTO American Association ‫دولتی‬ ‫انجمن‬ : AASHTO

of State Highway and ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫مقامات‬
Transportation ‫و‬ ‫شاهراه‬
Officials ‫ترانسپورت‬
ASTM American Society for ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫مجتمع‬ ASTM
Testing and Materials ‫برای آزمایشات و‬
‫مواد‬
ACI American Concrete ‫انستیتیوت‬ ACI
Institute ‫آمریکایی کانکریت‬
BS British Standard ‫استانداردهای‬ BS
published by the British ‫بریتانیایی منتشر‬
Standards Institution ‫توسط‬ ‫شده‬
‫انستیتیوت‬
‫استانداردهای‬
‫بریتانیایی‬
CBR California Bearing ‫پایداری‬ ‫نسبت‬ CBR
Ration ‫کالیفورنیا‬
Cum or m3 Cubic meter(s) ‫متر مکعب‬ Cum or m3
Dia. or φ Diameter ‫قطر‬ Dia. or φ
Drg. or Dwg Drawing ‫نقشه‬ Drg. or Dwg
ha Hectare ‫هکتار‬ ha
HDPE High Density ‫پولی اتلین دارای‬ HDPE
Polyethylene ‫کثافت بیشتر‬
PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride ‫وینایل‬ ‫پولی‬ PVC
‫کلوراید‬
JIS Japan Industrial ‫استانداردهای‬ JIS
Standard ‫صنعتی جاپان‬
Kg Kilogram(s) ‫کیلوگرام‬ Kg
kN Kilo Newton ‫کیلو نیوتن‬ kN
Lin. m or m Linear meter(s) ‫متر‬ Lin. m or m
Ltr Liter(s) ‫لیتر‬ Ltr
Max. Maximum ‫حداکثر‬ Max.
Min. Minimum ‫حد اقل‬ Min.
mm Millimeter(s) ‫ملی متر‬ mm
mm2 Square millimeter(s) ‫ملی متر مربع‬ mm2
Mpa Mega Pascal ‫میگا پاسکال‬ Mpa
N Newton ‫نیوتن‬ N
N/mm2 Newton per square ‫نیوتن در ملی متر‬ N/mm2
millimeter ‫مربع‬
no. no Number ‫تعداد‬ no. no
P.C. Pre-stressed Concrete ‫کانکریت از قبل‬ P.C.
‫فشرده‬

R.C. Reinforced Concrete ‫کانکریت سیخدار‬ R.C.

sqm or m2 Square meter(s) ‫متر مربع‬ sqm or m2
T or ton Metric ton ‫تن‬ T or ton

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

103 Scope of Work ‫ الیحۀ وظایف‬103

103.1 Description of Works
(1) The work to be carried out under the Contract ‫) کار تحت قرارداد باید شامل اقالم‬1(
shall consist of the various items as generally ‫گوناگون به طوری کلی در اسناد‬
described in the Bid Documents as well as in ‫داوطلبی و همچنین در بل احجام‬
the Bill of Quantities furnished in the Bid ‫قیمت دار مندرج در اسناد داوطلبی‬
Documents. .‫دارا باشد‬

(2) The works to be performed shall also include ‫) کارهای که باید انجام شود شامل‬2(
all general works preparatory to the ‫تمام کارهای عمومی مقدماتی ساخت‬
construction of roads, drainage and all other ‫ آبرو و تمام‬،‫و ساز جاده ها‬
related works. The works shall include work of ‫ کار ها‬.‫کارهای مربوطه دیگر باشد‬
any kind necessary for the due and ‫باید شامل هر نوع کار ضروری برای‬
satisfactory construction, completion and ‫ تکمیل کار و مراقبت‬،‫ساخت و ساز‬
‫کارها طبق نقشه ها و مشخصات ذیل‬
maintenance of the works to the intent and
‫و نقشه های بعدی و هدایات داده‬
meaning of the drawings and these
.‫شده انجنیر در هر زمان باشد‬
Specifications and further drawings and
‫الیحۀ وظایف قراردادی باید شامل‬
orders that may be issued by the Engineer ‫ خواه‬،‫تمام شرایط عمده قرارداد‬
from time to time. The scope of work shall ‫مشخصا در ماده های این مشخصات‬
include compliance by the Contractor with all ،‫ تمام مواد‬،‫ذکر شده باشد و یا نه‬
General Conditions of Contract, whether ،‫تولیدی‬ ‫های‬ ‫دستگاه‬ ،‫آالت‬
specially mentioned or not in the various ،‫ آب‬،‫ مواد سوخت‬،‫ ابزار‬،‫تجهیزات‬
clauses of these Specifications, all materials, ،‫چوبی‬ ‫های‬ ‫تخته‬ ،‫وآمد‬ ‫رفت‬
apparatus, plant, equipment, tools, fuel, ،‫ذخایر‬ ،‫دفترها‬ ،‫ترانسپورت‬
water, strutting, timbering, transport, offices, ‫ و‬،‫ کارگران‬،‫ کارمندان‬،‫ورکشاپ‬
stores, workshop, staff, labor and the ‫مناسب و‬ ‫تهیه کار های محافظ‬
provision of proper and sufficient protective ‫ احاطه و تنویر‬،‫ انحرافات‬،‫کافی‬
‫ این همچنین شامل ایمنی‬.‫موقتی‬
works, diversions, temporary fencing and
‫ محل‬،‫ کمک های اولیه‬،‫کارگران‬
lighting. It shall also include safety of workers,
‫سکونت مناسب برای کارمندان و‬
first-aid equipment, suitable accommodation
‫کارگران همراه با تدارک مناسب‬
for the staff and workmen with adequate ‫ تامین و نگهداری تمام‬،‫بهداشتی‬
sanitary arrangements, the effecting and ،‫ پرداخت تمام دستمزد‬،‫بیمه ها‬
maintenance of all insurances, the payment of ،‫ حق االمتیاز‬،‫ فیس ها‬،‫معاشات‬
all wages, salaries, fees, royalties, duties or ‫وظایف و یا دیگر مصارفیکه بعد از‬
other charges arising out of the erection of ‫احداث کار و پاک کاری مرتب‬
works and the regular clearance of rubbish, ‫ تثبیت و پاکسازی الزم ساحه‬،‫زباله‬
reinstatement and clearing-up of the site as ‫ حفظ عامه و‬،‫بعد از اتمام کار‬
may be required on completion of works, ‫ محافظت محیط زیست‬،‫محافظت کار ها‬
safety of the public and protection of the .‫و اراضی متصل باشد‬
works, environmental protection and
adjoining land.

(4) The Contractor shall ensure that all actions are ‫) قراردادی باید مطمئن باشد که‬3(
taken to build in quality assurance in the ‫تمام اقدامات ساختمانی برای‬
planning and execution of works. The quality ‫تضمین کیفیت در برنامه ریزی و‬

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

assurance shall cover all stages of work such ‫ تضمین‬.‫اجرای کارها صورت میگیرد‬
as setting out, selection of materials, selection ‫کیفیت باید شامل تمام مراحل کار‬
of construction methods, selection of ،‫مواد‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ،‫تنظیم‬ ‫مانند‬
equipment and plant, deployment of ‫ انتخاب‬،‫انتخاب روش های ساختمانی‬
personnel and supervisory staff, quality ،‫تجهیزات و دستگاه های تولید‬
،‫توظیف پرسونل و کارکنان نظارتی‬
control testing, etc. The work of building in
‫آزمایشات کنترول کیفیت و غیره را‬
quality assurance shall be deemed to be
‫ کار ساخت و ساز در‬.‫دربر گیرد‬
covered in the scope of the work. ‫تضمین کیفیت باید در الیحۀ وظایف‬
.‫تحت پوشش قرار گیرد‬
(5) The Contractor shall furnish, at least 15 days ‫ روز قبل‬15 ‫) قراردادی باید حد اقل‬4(
in advance of commencement of work, his ،‫ برنامه خود را‬،‫از آغاز کار‬
program, the method of working he intends to ‫میتودیکه برای انجام بخشهای‬
adopt for various items of work such as site ،‫مختلف کار مانند پاک کاری ساحه‬
clearance, earthworks, pavement ‫ اعمار فرش‬،‫کندنکاری و پرکاری‬
construction, drainage works, curbstones, ‫ جدول های‬،‫ کار های آبراه‬،‫جاده‬
‫ نصب عالیم‬،‫ خط اندازی جاده‬،‫جاده‬
road markings, installation of traffic signs,
‫ و‬،‫ کارهای روشنایی جاده‬،‫ترافیکی‬
street lighting works, and such other items for
‫چنین کارهای دیگریکه از سوی‬
which the Engineer demands the submission
.‫انجنیر درخواست روش کاری میشود‬
of the method of working. He shall provide ‫او باید اطالعات مربوط به جزئیات‬
information regarding the details of the ‫روش کار و تجهیزات را که او‬
method of working and equipment he ‫پیشنهاد استعمال و قابل قبول‬
proposes to employ and satisfy the Engineer ‫انجنیر را در مورد کفایت و ایمنی‬
about the adequacy and safety of the ‫توسط‬ ‫شده‬ ‫پذیرفته‬ ‫های‬ ‫روش‬
methods adopted by the Contractor which ‫ که در هر‬،‫قراردادی ارائه می کند‬
will, however, rest on the Contractor, ‫ صرف نظر‬،‫ بر اساس قراردادی‬،‫صورت‬
irrespective of any approval given by the .‫از هر نوع تاییدی انجنیر‬
Engineer.

104 Mobilization
104.1 Scope of work
104.1.1 Definition
The extent of mobilization activities required for
this Contract will be dependent upon the type and
volume of work to be performed, as specified
elsewhere in the Contract Documents, and in
general will conform to the following :

a) Mobilization Requirements for all Contracts

i) Land purchase or rental for the

Contractor’s base camp and for the
construction activities.

4|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

ii) Mobilization of the Contractor’s

Personnel in accordance with the
implementing organization structure
which has been approved by the
Engineer including all labors required for
implementation and completion of the
work in the Contract.

iii) Mobilization and installation of

Construction Plant in accordance with
the list of equipment stipulated in the
Proposal, from their existing locations to
the sites where they are to be used
under this Contract.

iv) Provision and maintenance of the

Contractor’s base camp, including as
necessary, site offices, living quarter,
workshops and stores, etc.

v) Strengthening of Existing Bridges for

Transportation of Construction
Equipment.

b) Mobilization Requirements for Field Offices

and Facilities for Engineer

These requirements will be provided in other

Contract as the case may be.

c) Mobilization Requirements for Quality Control

Facilities

The provision and maintenance of the laboratory

of material quality testing and fieldwork should be
in compliance with the requirements specified as
the case may be. The laboratory building and
equipment, when supplied under this Contract,
shall remain the property of the Contractor at the
completion of the activities of the works.
When the provision of field laboratory and
laboratory equipment are not specifically
nominated in the scope of work of this Contract as
specified in Contract Data, quality control
facilities, including as necessary, such laboratory

5|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

facilities and services as is required to meet the

quality control provisions of these Specifications,
shall be supplied by the approved Laboratory
Testing Services.

d) Demobilization Requirements for all

Contracts

Demobilization of the Site by the Contractor at

the end of the Contract, including the removal of
all installation, Construction Plant and equipment
from Government owned land, and the
restitution of the Site of its original condition
prior to the Commencement Date of Works.

104.1.2 Mobilization Period

The mobilization of all items listed in Article
104.1.1.a shall be completed within period of 28
days from the Commencement Date of Works,
except the items approved by the Engineer.
Every failure of Contractor to complete the
mobilization of quality control facilities and
services as above specified, shall make the
Engineer perform such kind of work deemed
necessary and shall charge with the full actual cost
plus 10% (ten percent) to the Contractor, in which
the cost will be deducted from every payment
paid or to be paid to the Contractor in accordance
with this Contract

104.1.3 Submittals
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a
Mobilization Program to the detail and timing as
specified in these Specifications.
Where the strengthening of existing structures of
the construction of temporary bridges or
embankments on roads adjacent to the project
site is required to facilitate the movement of the
Contractor’s equipment, plant or materials, details
of such temporary works shall also be submitted
concurrently with the Mobilization Program in
accordance with the requirements of these
Specifications.

6|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

104.2 Mobilization Program

1) Within 7 days after Notice to Proceed the
Contractor shall perform a Pre Construction
Meeting attended by the Employer, Engineer,
Engineer Representative (if any), and
Contractor to discuss all technical and non
technical matters for the activities.
The agenda in the meeting shall include the
followings, but shall not limit to:

a) Introduction

b) Synchronization of Organization
Structure:
i) Organization Structure of the
Employer
ii) Organization Structure of the
Contractor
iii) Organization Structure of the
Engineer

c) Field Problems:
i) Row of Way
ii) Materials Sources
iii) Base Camp Location

d) Representative of the Contractor

e) Submission

f) Approval

g) Work Completion Document/First Hand

Over of Completed Work

h) Work Planning:
i) Chart of Schedule Implementation of
Contract shows time and sequence
of main activity to form the Work
ii) Mobilization Planning
iii) Relocation Planning
iv) Management Planning and Safety
Traffic
v) Inspection Planning and Testing

7|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

vi) Document of Environmental

Mitigation and Monitoring Plan, or at
least the standard and procedure of
environmental mitigation applicable
specific for the activity

i) Communication and Correspondence

j) Implementation Meeting and

implementation schedule of work

k) Reporting and monitoring

2) Within 14 days after the Preparation

Implementation Meeting, the Contractor shall
submit to the Engineer for his approval a
mobilization program (including bridge
strengthening programme, if any) and
construction progress schedule.

3) The Mobilization Program shall specify the

timing of all applicable mobilization activities
listed in Article 104.2 and shall incorporate the
following additional information:

a) Location of Contractor's base camp with a

general location plan and detailed site plan
showing the locations of the Contractor's
office, workshop, stores, stone crusher and
installation plants asphalt, together with
the laboratory when such facilities are
included in the Scope of the Contract.

b) Equipment delivery schedule indicating the

current location of all equipment listed in
the schedules submitted with the Bid,
together with the proposed means of
transport and scheduled arrival dates at
site.

c) Any changes in the equipment and staffing

schedules submitted with the Bid for which
the Contractor needs the approval of the
Engineer.

8|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d) A detailed list indicating the structure

which required strengthening for safe
passage of construction traffic, the
proposed execution methodology and the
scheduled starting and finishing dates for
strengthening of each structures.

e) An overall progress schedule in the format

of a bar chart showing each of the major
mobilization activities and a progress curve
measured in terms of percentage
completion.

104.3 Method of Measurement

1) Measurement
Measurement of mobilization progress will be
assessed by the Engineer against the approved
overall progress schedule for mobilization
described in Article 104.2 above.

2) Basis of Payment
Mobilization shall be paid for on a proportional
lump sum basis according to the schedule given
below, which payments shall constitute full
compensation for furnishing and placing all
equipment, and for all labor, materials, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the work
described in these Specifications. However, the
Engineer may, along the Contract Period, order
the Contractor to add laboratory equipments as
necessary without any change of the lump sum
price for Mobilization.

The payment of the lump sum price is carried out

in three instalments as follows:

a) 50 % (fifty percent) when mobilization is 50

% complete and the laboratory testing
facilities have been fully mobilized.

b) 20 % (twenty percent) when all major items

of equipment are on site and accepted by
the Engineer.

9|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

c) 30 % (thirty percent) on completion of

demobilization.

In the event that the Contractor does not

complete mobilization in accordance with the
Article 104.2 the amount to be certified by the
Engineer for payment will be the full percentage
installments of the Lump Sum price for
Mobilization less an amount of 1 (one percent) of
the value of the installment for each day’s delay in
completion up to a maximum of 50 (fifty) days.

104 (a) Mobilization Lump Sum

105 Materials ‫ مواد‬105

105.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬105.1
Unless otherwise specifically provided in this ‫به جز اینکه مشخصا در قرار داد ارائه‬
Contract, all items incorporated in the completed ‫ تمام اقالم گنجانیده شده‬،‫شده باشد‬
work, such as plant, materials and other articles ‫ مانند دستگاه های‬،‫در کار تکمیل شده‬
are to be new and the most suitable grade for the ‫ مواد و دیگر موارد باید جدید‬،‫تولیدی‬
‫ به جز‬.‫و با مناسبترین درجه باشد‬
purpose intended. Unless otherwise specifically
‫اینکه مشخصا در این قرارداد ارائه‬
provided in this Contract, reference to any plant,
،‫ مرجع به هر دستگاه تولیدی‬،‫شده باشد‬
material, article, or patented process, by trade
،‫ و یا روند اعطا شده‬،‫ موارد‬،‫مواد‬
name, maker, or catalogue number, shall be ‫ و یا تعداد‬،‫ سازنده‬،‫با نام تجاری‬
regarded as establishing a standard or quality and ‫ باید به عنوان ایجاد یک‬،‫فهرست‬
shall not be construed as limiting competition, and ‫استاندارد یا کیفیت در نظر گرفته و‬
the Contractor may, at his option, use any plant, ،‫نباید به عنوان رقابت محدود ساخته‬
material, article, or process which, in the ،‫ در نظر خودش‬،‫و قراردادی میتواند‬
judgment of the Engineer, is equal to that named. ‫ و‬،‫ موارد‬،‫ مواد‬،‫هر دستگاه تولیدی‬
Unless otherwise specified or instructed, all ‫ برابر‬،‫ در قضاوت انجنیر‬،‫یا روندیکه‬
proprietary materials shall be used in accordance .‫ استفاده نماید‬،‫به آن نامگذاری شده‬
with the Manufacturer's instructions. ‫بجز اینکه مشخص و یا هدایت گردیده‬
When required by the Engineer, the Contractor, ‫ تمام مواد اختصاصی باید طبق‬،‫باشد‬
‫دستورالعمل تولید کننده استفاده‬
before placing any order for materials or
.‫گردد‬
manufactured articles to be incorporated in the
‫ قبل‬،‫ قراردادی‬،‫درصورت ضرورت انجنیر‬
Permanent Works, shall submit for approval a
‫از فرمایش هر نوع مواد و یا محصوالت‬
complete description of such items, the names of ‫تولید شده در کار های دائمی گنجانده‬
the firms from whom he proposes to obtain them, ‫ اسامی‬،‫ باید جزئیات کامل‬،‫شود‬
and a list of such of the items that he proposes the ‫ و لیست تمام چنین موارد را‬،‫شرکتها‬
firms should supply. When so directed, the ‫ زمانیکه به چنین نیاز‬.‫ارائه کند‬
Contractor shall submit samples and certificates ‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫جزئیات نیاز باشد‬
for approval. ‫نمونه ها و گواهی نامه ها را برای‬
.‫تاییدی ارائه نماید‬

10 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

105.2 Storage of Materials ‫ نگهداشت مواد‬105.2

(a) Materials shall be stored so as to ensure ‫) مواد باید طوری ذخیره شوند که‬a(
preservation of their specified quality and fitness ‫کیفیت مشخص و تناسب آن برای کار حفظ‬
for the work. They shall be placed on a hard, clean ‫ پاک‬،‫ آنها باید در یک سطح سخت‬.‫گردد‬
.‫ باید پوشیده شود‬،‫و در صورت لزوم‬
surface and, when required, they shall be placed
‫مواد ذخیره شده باید برای تسهیل‬
under cover. Stored materials shall be located so
‫ ملکیت‬.‫بازرسی سریع نگهداری شود‬
as to facilitate prompt inspection. Private property
‫شخصی نباید بدون اجازه نامه کتبی‬
shall not be used for storage purposes without ‫مالک و اجاره دار و پرداخت به آنها‬
written permission of the owner and lessee and .‫برای ذخیره مواد بکار رود‬
payment to them, if necessary.

(b) The stockpile site shall be prepared by clearing

and leveling as directed by the Engineer.
‫) محل ذخیره سازی باید طبق هدایت‬b(
.‫انجنیر تمیز و هموار گردد‬
(c) The center of all aggregate stockpile areas shall
be raised and sloped to the sides as required so as ‫) مرکز تمام ساحات ذخیره جغل باید‬c(
to provide proper drainage of excess moisture. ‫بلند و بطرف کناره ها طبق ضرورت مایل‬
The material shall be stored in such manner as to ‫گردد تا از زیادی رطوبت جلوگیری‬
‫ مواد باید طوری ذخیره‬.‫بعمل آید‬
prevent segregation and coning and to ensure
‫گردد تا از جداسازی و مخلوط شدن‬
proper gradation and moisture content. Coarse ‫جلوگیری شود و از درجه بندی و رطوبت‬
aggregate storage piles shall be built up and ‫ انبار های‬.‫مناسب اطمینان حاصل گردد‬
removed in layers not exceeding one meter. The ‫جغل بزرگدانه باید در الیه های که‬
‫ احداث و‬،‫بیش از یک متر نباشد‬
height of such stockpiles shall be limited to five
‫ ارتفاع این چنین انبار‬.‫برداشته شود‬
meters. .‫ متر محدود گردد‬5 ‫ها باید تا‬

105.3 Royalties ‫ حق االمتیازات‬105.3

The Contractor shall be responsible for all ‫قراردادی باید مسئول تمام خسارات و‬
compensation and royalties due in respect of ‫ هیچ پرداخت‬.‫حق االمتیازات مواد باشد‬
‫جداگانه برای خسارات و حق االمتیازات‬
quarried materials. No separate payment will be
‫ اما تمام هزینه های‬،‫صورت نمیگردد‬
made for the compensation of royalties, but all
‫آن باید به صورت قیمت واحد قابل اجرا‬
such costs shall be included in the applicable unit
‫و مجموعا در بل احجام قیمت دار ذکر‬
price and total of the Bill of Quantities. .‫گردد‬

106 Construction Equipment ‫ تجهیزات ساختمانی‬106

In addition to the general conditions indicated in ‫برعالوه بر شرایط عمومی ذکر شده در‬
the Contract Documents, the following conditions ‫ شرایط ذیل را در استفاده‬،‫قرارداد‬
regarding use of equipment in works shall be :‫تجهیزات برای کار باید مدنظر گرفت‬
satisfied:

(1) The Contractor shall be required to give a trial ‫) قراردادی برای حاصل نمودن قناعت‬1(
run of the equipment for establishing their ‫انجنیر در رابطه به طرز کار‬
capability to achieve the laid down ‫تجهیزات باید استفاده ازمایشی‬
Specifications and tolerances to the ‫تجهیزات را اجرا نماید؛‬
satisfaction of the Engineer before
commencement of the work;

11 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

(2) All equipment provided shall be of proven ‫) تمام تجهیزات ارائه شده باید از‬2(
efficiency and shall be operated and ‫کارآیی اثبات شده باشد و در همه‬
maintained at all times in a manner ‫زمان به نحوی که به انجنیر قابل‬
acceptable to the Engineer; ‫ استفاده و نگهداری‬،‫قبول باشد‬
‫شود؛‬

(3) All the plant/equipment to be deployed on ‫تجهیزات‬/‫) تمام دستگاه های تولیدی‬3(
the works shall be got approved from the ‫مورد استفاده در کار باید از‬
Engineer for ensuring their fitness and ‫انجنیر برای اطمینان از آمادگی و‬
efficiency before commencement of work; ‫کارایی آنها قبل از شروع کار‬
‫تأیید شود؛‬

(4) Any material or equipment no meeting the ‫) هر مواد و یا تجهیزات ایکه قابل‬4(
approval of the Engineer shall be removed ‫قبول انجنیر قرار نگیرد باید‬
from the site forthwith; ‫بالفاصله از ساحه دور گردد؛‬

(5) No equipment will be removed from site ‫) هیچ تجهیزات نباید بدون اجازه‬5(
without permission of the Engineer; and ‫انجنیر از ساحه دور گردد؛ و‬

(6) The Contractor shall also make available the ‫) قراردادی باید طبق هدایت انجنیر‬6(
equipment for site quality control work as ‫تجهیزات کنترول کیفیت برای ساحه‬
directed by the Engineer. ‫را نیز فراهم نماید؛‬

107 Drawings ‫ نقشه ها‬107

(1) The Contract Drawings provided for bidding
purposes shall be as contained in the Bid
Documents and shall be used as a reference
only. The Contractor should visualize the
nature and type of work contemplated and to
ensure that the rates and prices quoted by
him in the Bill of Quantities have due
consideration of the qualitative and
quantitative variations, as may be found at
the site and complexities of work involved
during actual execution/construction.

(2) The bided rates/prices for the work shall be

deemed to include the cost of preparation,
supply and delivery of all necessary drawings,
prints, tracings and negatives which the
Contractor is required to provide in
accordance with the Contract.

(3) The Contractor shall prepare the necessary ‫) قراردادی باید تمام نقشه های‬3(
working drawings including road plans and ‫ضروری که شامل پالن سرک و پروفایل‬
profiles taking into consideration of the ‫سرک با در نظر داشت سروی‬

12 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

topographical survey of the existing site ‫توپوگرافی ساحات موجوده مهیا‬

conducted by the Contractor. Three (3) copies ‫ کاپی‬۳ ‫ ازنقشه های متذکره‬.‫نماید‬
of drawings, on the basis of which actual ‫به اساس نقشه های اصلی بخاطر‬
execution of the work is to proceed, with ‫پیشبرد امور ساختمانی تهیه نماید‬
electronic copy shall be submitted to the ‫و همراه با سافت کاپی این نقشه‬
Engineer for approval, 28 days prior to the ‫ روز قبل به انجنیران قبل از‬28 ‫ها‬
commencement of any work. ‫شروع هرنوع کار ساختمانی ارسال‬
.‫گردد‬
(4) Examination and/or approval by the Engineer ‫) زمانیکه نقشه ها و یا اسناد دیگر‬4(
of any drawings or other documents ‫که برای تایید انجنیر برای ان‬
submitted by the Contractor shall not relieve ‫مدت‬ ‫دراین‬ .‫شد‬ ‫داده‬ ‫تسلیم‬
the Contractor of his responsibilities or ‫قراردادی ازمسوولیت های که در‬
liabilities under the Contract. ‫قبال قرارداد دارد بازهم مسوول‬
.‫ان میباشد‬

(5) The Contractor shall prepare and submit ‫) قراردادی مسوول تهیه وتسلیم دهی‬5(
three (3) sets of “As-Built” Drawings with ‫ کاپی نقشه های ازبلت همرا با‬3
electronic copy, including plans, profile, cross ،‫سافت کاپی انها که شامل پالن ها‬
sections and details of the roads, structures ‫مقاطع‬ ‫جزییات‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫پروفایل‬
and facilities, prior to the commencement of ‫ساختمان ها و دیگر تسهیالت مربوط‬
the Tests on Completion as indicated in the ‫و تکمیل‬ ‫ازانجام‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫سرک‬
General Conditions of Contract.
‫ازمایشات نماید طوریکه در شرایط‬
.‫عمومی قرارداد تذکر داده شده است‬

108 Site Information ‫ معلومات ساحوی‬108

(1) The information about the site of work and ‫) معلومات کامل در مورد ساحات کاری‬1(
site conditions in the Bid Documents is given ‫دراسناد داوطلبی قرارداد جهت‬
in good faith for guidance only but the ‫رهنمایی قراردادی ارایه میشود‬
Contractor shall satisfy himself regarding all ‫مگر قراردادی باید بخاطر حاصل‬
aspects of site conditions. ‫نمودن اطمینان بیشتر از ساحه کاری‬
.‫دیدن نماید‬

(2) The location of the works and the general site ‫) موقعیت ساحه کاری و مشخصات عمومی‬2(
particulars are as generally shown on the Site ‫ساحه مورد نظر معموال در سایت پالن‬
plan/Index plan enclosed with the Bid ‫و اندکس پالن شامل اسناد داوطلبی‬
Documents. .‫میباشد‬

(3) Whereas the right-of-way to the road sites ‫) در جاهایکه محدوده جاده در ساحات‬3(
shall be provided to the Contractor by the ‫که سرک از ان عبورمیکند توسط‬
Engineer, the Contractor shall have to make ‫انجنیر مشخص میشود ولی قراردادی‬
his own arrangement for the land required by ‫باید بخاطر انجام فعالیت های‬
him for site offices, labor camps, stores, etc. ‫ساحوی دفاتر ساحویی محل بودباش‬
‫برای کارگران شامل مسوولیت های‬
.‫قراردادی میباشد‬
(4) The Contractor shall make all arrangements, ‫) مسوولیت های قراردادی شامل تنظیم‬4(
inclusive of payment, if necessary, for the use ‫ پرداخت کرایه برای زمین‬-‫همه امور‬

13 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

of any land required for working areas ‫های مورد ضرورت ان بیرون از‬
outside the site or right-of-way, and the ‫ شاروالی‬.‫محدوده جاده میباشد‬
Employer will not accept any liability in ‫کابل هیچ نوع مسوولیت برای پرداخت‬
connection with the use of such land. Any ‫استفاده ازچنین زمین ها و‬
exceptions to this will be given in the Special ‫جایدادها نمیباشد هر نوع استثنا‬
‫در این مورد در هنگام داوطلبی‬
Technical Specification (STS) or at the time of
‫قرارداد در یک ماده مشخص باید‬
Bidding.
.‫ارایه شود‬

109 Setting Out ‫ اغاز کار‬109

(1) The Contractor shall establish working Bench ‫) بعد از اینکه قراردادی ساحه کاری‬1(
Marks tied with the reference Bench Mark in ‫مورد نظر را تسلیم شد باید بنچ‬
the area soon after taking possession of the ‫مارکهای مورد ضرورت را به اساس‬
site. The reference Bench Mark for the area ‫بنچ مارک های مرجع در ساحه تعین‬
shall be as indicated in the Contract ‫ بنچ مارک ها مرجع در اسناد‬.‫نماید‬
Documents and the values of the same shall ‫قرار داد نشان داده شده و قیمت ان‬
‫باید مطابقت کامل با قیمت که از‬
be obtained by the Contractor from the
‫نزد انجنیر گرفته میشود داشته‬
Engineer. The working Bench Marks shall be
‫ حد عقل چهار بنچمارک کاری‬.‫باشد‬
at the rate of four per km and also at or near
‫در هر کیلومتر و باید نزدیک به‬
all drainage structures, over-bridges and ‫ پل‬، ‫تمام ساختمان های آبرو ها‬
underpasses. The working Bench ‫ ارتفاع‬.‫ها و پلچک ها نشانی شود‬
Marks/levels shall be approved by the ‫این بنچمارک های کاری توسط‬
Engineer. Checks must be made on these ‫ در هر ماه یک‬.‫انجنیر تایید شود‬
Bench Marks once every month and ‫بار بخاطر دقت ارتفاع انها چک‬
adjustments, if any, as agreed by the Engineer ‫گردد ویا اینکه نظربه موافقت رسمی‬
and recorded. An up-to-date record of all .‫انجنیر در وقفه های معین چک گردد‬
Bench Marks including approved ‫جدیدترین معلومات ثبت بنچ مارک‬
adjustments, if any, shall be maintained by ‫ها شامل تنظیمات تایید شده توسط‬
the Contractor and also a copy shall be ‫قراردادی مراعات شود و یک کاپی ان‬
.‫به انجنیر برای نگهداری داده شود‬
supplied to the Engineer for his record.

(2) The lines and levels of formation, side slopes, ‫) تنظیم خطوط و ارتفاعات برای ترتیب‬2(
drainage works, carriageways and shoulders ‫ عرض موثر‬،‫ آبرو ها‬،‫میالن جانبی‬
shall be carefully set out and frequently ‫جاده و شانه ها بشکل بسیاردقیق‬
checked, care being taken to ensure that ‫ومحتاطانه تنظیم شود و وقتآ فوقتآ‬
correct gradients and cross-sections are ‫ توجه زیاد درقسمت میالن‬،‫چک گردد‬
obtained everywhere. .‫ها و مقاطع صورت گیرد‬

(3) In order to facilitate the setting out of the ‫) بخاطر تسهیل وتنظیم امور کاری و‬3(
works, the centerline of the carriageway or ‫فعالیت های ساختمانی خط مرکزی‬
roadway must be accurately established by ‫عرض موثر جاده ویا جاده بشکل‬
the Contractor and approved by the Engineer. ‫بسیار دقیق توسط قراردادی باید‬
It must then be accurately referenced in a ‫تعین گردید و توسط انجنیر تایید‬
manner satisfactory to the engineer, every ‫ این خط مرکزی بشکل بسیار‬.‫شود‬
‫دقیق و نظر به مرجع ومطابق به‬
50m intervals in plain and rolling terrains and
‫ متر در ساحات‬50 ‫خواست انجنیر در هر‬

14 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

20m intervals in hilly terrain and in all curve ‫هموار و در ساحات ناهموار در هر‬
points as directed by the Engineer, with ‫ متر و در تپه ها وهمه گوالیی ها‬20
marker pegs and chainage boards set in or ‫ و‬.‫نظر به هدایات انجنیر تعین شود‬
near the fence line, and a schedule of ‫توسط میخ ها و تخته های معلوماتی‬
reference dimensions shall be prepared and ‫نزدیک به خط فینس النین نشانی‬
‫ یک پالن مرجع از ابعاد تهیه‬،‫شود‬
supplied by the Contractor to the Engineer.
‫گردیده و به انجنیر تسلیم داده‬
These markers shall be maintained until the
‫این میخ های نشانی و تخته‬. ‫شود‬
works reach finished formation level and are ‫های معلوماتی الی ختم کار در ساحه‬
accepted by the Engineer. ‫باید باشد تا هنگام که ارتفاعات‬
.‫مورد قبول انجنیر قرار گیرد‬
(4) On construction reaching the formation level ‫) زمانیکه کارهای ساختمانی به لیول‬4(
stage, the centerline shall again be set out by ‫ساختمانی رسید خطوط مرکزی یکبار‬
the Contractor and when approved by the ‫دیگر توسط قراردادی تنظیم گردیده‬
Engineer, shall be accurately referenced in a ‫ این‬.‫و مورد تایید انجنیر قرار گیرد‬
manner satisfactory to the Engineer by ‫خطوط نظربه مراجع بشکل درست و‬
marker pegs set at the outer limits of the ‫دقیق تعین گردیده و توسط میخ ها‬
formation. .‫در حدود خارجی انها نشان داده شود‬

(5) No reference peg or marker shall be moved or ‫) هیچ میخ ویا نشانی ویا کارعملی‬5(
withdrawn without the approval of the ‫ساختمانی بدون تایید انجنیر صورت‬
Engineer and no earthwork or structural work ‫نگیرد تا زمانیکه خط مرکزی سرک‬
shall be commenced until the centerline has .‫نظر به مرجع تایید شود‬
been referenced.

(6) The Contractor will be the sole responsible ‫) قراردادی مسوول نگهداری تمام‬6(
party for safeguarding all survey monuments, ‫نقاط نشانی شده توسط سروی کننده‬
bench marks, beacons, etc. The Engineer will ‫ برچ ها‬،‫ها مانند بنچ مارکها‬
provide the Contractor with the available ‫ انجنیر معلومات‬.‫وغیره میباشد‬
data necessary for setting out of the ‫دست داشته را برای تنظیم خطوط‬
centerline. All dimensions and levels shown ‫مرکزی برای آغاز کار همراه‬
‫ تمام اندازه‬.‫قراردادی شریک سازد‬
on the drawings or mentioned in documents
‫ها و ارتفاعات که در نقشه ها و‬
forming part of or issued under the contract
‫اسناد نشان داده شده باید توسط‬
shall be verified by the Contractor on the site
‫قراردادی در ساحه چک و تایید شود‬
and he shall immediately inform the Engineer ‫و هرگاه تفاوت و غلطی بین نقشه و‬
of any apparent errors or discrepancies in ‫اسناد ارایه شده نظر به ساحه واقع‬
such dimensions or levels. The Contractor ‫شود به زودترین فرصت به اطالع‬
shall, in connection with the staking out of ‫ قراردادی‬.‫انجنیر رسانده شود‬
the centerline, survey the terrain along the ‫باید در زمان تنظیم و نشانی خط‬
road and shall submit to the Engineer for his ‫ سروی اراضی در طول سرک‬،‫مرکزی سرک‬
approval, a profile along the road centerline ‫ویا مقاطع سرک تایید انجنیر را‬
and cross-sections at intervals as required by .‫حاصل نماید‬
the Engineer.

(7) After obtaining approval of the Engineer, ‫قراردادی‬ ،‫) بعد از تایید انجنیر‬7(
work on earthwork can commence and the ‫میتواند کارهای کندن کاری و‬

15 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

profile and cross-sections shall form the basis ‫پرکاری در طول ویا مقاطع سرک نظر‬
for measurements and payment. The ‫به اندازه های تایید شده شروع‬
Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring ‫نماید و مطابق به کار انجام شده‬
that all the basic traverse points are in place ‫پرداخت‬ ‫پول‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ‫برای‬
at the commencement of the contract and if ‫ قراردادی مسوول است و باید‬.‫میشود‬
‫از تمام نقاط نشانی شده در‬
any are missing, or appear to have been
‫ترایورزهای در ساحه موجود بوده‬
disturbed, the Contractor shall make
‫ و هرگاه‬.‫اطمینان حاصل نماید‬
arrangements to re-establish these points. A ‫کدام نقطه ظاهرآ ناپدید شده باشد‬
"Survey File" containing the necessary data ‫باشد‬ ‫شده‬ ‫خراب‬ ‫ظاهرآ‬ ‫ویا‬
will be made available for this purpose. If in ‫قراردادی باید این نقاط را احیا‬
the opinion of the Engineer, design ‫ یک فایل از امور سروی‬.‫نماید‬
modifications of the centerline or grade are ‫بخاطر انجام این فعالیت در دستر‬
advisable, the engineer will issue detailed ‫ هرگاه‬.‫قرار خواهد گرفت‬ ‫شان‬
instructions to the Contractor and the ‫انجنیر بخواهد درخط مرکزی تغیرات‬
Contractor shall perform the modifications in ‫باید‬ ‫را بوجود بیاورد انجنیر‬
the field, as required, and modify the ground ‫جزییات تغیرات را برای قراردادی‬
levels on the cross-sections accordingly as ‫ارایه نماید و قراردادی مطابق به‬
‫تغیرات جدید فعالیت های ساحوی را‬
many times as required. There will be no
‫ و تغیرات جدید تا زمانی‬.‫انجام دهد‬
separate payment for any survey work
‫در ساحه در مقاطع مطابق به‬
performed by the Contractor. The cost of
‫ در این مرحله‬.‫ضروریات انجام شود‬
these services shall be considered as being ‫مزد اضافی برای انجام هر نوع سروی‬
included in the cost of the items of work in ‫که توسط قراردادی انجام میشود‬
the Bill of Quantities. ‫ قیمت این‬.‫پرداخته نخواهد شد‬
‫خدمات درهنگام قراردادشامل بل‬
.‫احجام قیمت دار شود‬

(8) The work of setting out shall be deemed to be ‫) قیمت اغاز کار باید شامل فعالیت‬8(
a part of general works preparatory to the ‫های عمومی اماده گی برای انجام‬
execution of work and no separate payment ‫کار باشد و مزد جداگانه برای انجام‬
shall be made for the same. .‫این فعالیت در نظر گرفته نشود‬

110 Public Utilities ‫ شبکات خدمات عامه‬110

(1) Drawings scheduling the affected services like ‫) مانند پایپ های ابرسانی اب‬1(
water pipes, sewers, pipelines, cables, gas ‫ کیبل‬،‫ فاضل اب روها‬،‫اشامیدنی‬
ducts etc. owned by various authorities ‫ کیبل های‬،‫ پایپ های گاز‬،‫ها‬
including Public Undertakings and Local ‫مخابراتی وغیره که ملکیت مراجع‬
Authorities included in the Contract ‫مختلف میباشد باید قبل از شروع‬
Documents shall be verified by the Contractor ‫کار توسط قراردادی اسناد مربوط‬
‫به این خدمات عامه با هر مرجعه‬
for the accuracy of the information prior to
‫مربوط گردیده و از صحت معلومات‬
the commencement of any work.
.‫داده شده اطمینان حاصل نماید‬

(2) Notwithstanding the fact that the ‫) با وجود این حقیقت که معلومات‬2(
information on affected services may not be ‫داده شده در مورد موقعیت خدمات‬
exhaustive, the final position of these services ‫مذکور کامل و جامع نبوده بهر حال‬

16 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

within the works shall be supposed to have ‫موقعیت نهایی این خدمات توسط‬
been indicated based on the information ‫مراجع مربوط در پروپوزل اخری‬
furnished by different bodies and to the ‫ارایه شود مرحله وسطی انجام‬
extent the bodies are familiar with the final ‫فعالیت ها در مرحله دیزاین معلوم‬
proposals. The intermediate stages of the ‫نبوده و باید توسط قراردادی‬
‫ بنابرین‬.‫درجریان کار توسعه شود‬
works are, however, unknown at the design
‫قراردادی باید پروگرام مذکور را‬
stage, these being dictated by the
‫در نظر گرفته و اطالعیه های را در‬
Contractor's methods of working. ‫مورد کار یا مدت قطع این خدمات به‬
Accordingly, the Contractor's program must ‫مراجع مربوط با نقشه های ان ارایه‬
take into account the period of notice and ‫فعالیت های‬ ‫ در جریان‬.‫نماید‬
duration of diversionary works of each body ‫ساختمانی قراردادی باید با یک‬
as given on the Drawings and the Contractor ‫هماهنگی نزدیک با ادارات مسوول‬
must also allow for any effect of these ‫این خدمات فعالیت های ساختمانی‬
services and alterations upon the Works and ‫ انجنیر مسوول و‬.‫را به پیش ببرد‬
for arranging regular meetings with the ‫شاروالی کمک های را در قسمت‬
various bodies at the commencement of the ‫هماهنگی بین قراردادی و ادارات‬
Contract and throughout the period of the ‫مسوول فراهم میسازد در جریان‬
‫فعالیت های ساختمانی قراردادی‬
works in order to maintain the required co-
‫باید هیچ نوع مخالفت با تصامیم‬
ordination. The Engineer and the Municipality
.‫ادارات مربوط این خدمات ننماید‬
will assist such coordination with the local
‫و هرگاه قراردادی کدام پیشنهاد‬
authorities. During the period of the Works, ‫امور‬ ‫تغیر درپروگرام‬ ‫برای‬
the Contractor shall have no objection if the ‫ساختمانی از طرف این مراجع مسوول‬
public utility bodies vary their decisions in the ‫دریافت مینماید انرا باید مورد‬
execution of their proposals in terms of .‫تایید قراردهد‬
program and construction, provided that, in
the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor
has received reasonable notice thereof
before the relevant alterations are put in
hand.

(3) No clearance or alterations to the utility shall ‫) هیچ نوع تغیر در موقعیت این خدمات مجاز نیست مگر‬3(
be carried out unless specially ordered by the .‫اینکه توسط انجنیر مسوول دستور داده شود‬
Engineer.

(4) Any services affected by the Works must be ‫) هرگاه این خدمات توسط فعالیت های ساختمانی متاثر شود‬4(
temporarily supported by the Contractor who ‫قراردادی مسوولیت موقتی نگهداری این خدمات را به‬
must also take all measures reasonably
‫ که این مسوولیت شامل نگهداری این خدمات‬.‫عهده گیرد‬
required by the various bodies to protect
their services and property during the .‫در جریان فعالیت های ساختمانی میباشد‬
progress of the Works.

(5) The Contractor may be required to carry out ‫) قراردادی باید بعضی فعالیت های خاص را انجام دهد به‬5(
certain works for and on behalf of the various ‫نماینده گی از بعضی ارگان های مسوول و همچنان ارایه‬
bodies and he shall also provide, with the
prior approval of the Engineer, such

17 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

assistance to the various bodies as may be ‫نماید بواسطه تایید انجنیر همکاری ها در قسمت های‬
authorized by the Engineer. .‫مختلف با ارگان های مختلف‬

(6) The work of temporarily supporting and ‫) فعالیت های موقتی بخاطر نگهداری خدمات عامه در‬6(
protecting the public utility services during ‫جریان فعالیت های ساختمانی باید شامل قیمت عمومی‬
execution of the Works shall be deemed to be
.‫پروژه بوده و کدام مزد اضافی برای ان پرداخته نمیشود‬
part of the contract and no extra payment
shall be made for the same.

(7) The Contractor may be required to carry out ‫) ممکن است قراردادی برای دور نمودن ویا تغیر موقعیت‬7(
the removal or shifting of certain ‫بعضی از این خدمات بواسطه درخواست های مشخص‬
services/utilities on specific orders from the
‫ این فعالیت ها‬.‫توسط انجنیر مربوط برایشان مزد داده شود‬
Engineer for which payment shall be made to
him. Such works shall be taken up by the ‫زمانی انجام شود که قراردادی تایید انجنیر مسوول و اداره‬
Contractor only after obtaining clearance ‫ واین فعالیت را با دقت‬.‫مسوول این خدمات را حاصل نماید‬
from the Engineer and the relevant .‫تام و مسوولیت های کاری انجام دهد‬
authorities and ensuring adequate safety
measures.

111 Arrangement for Traffic during ‫ تنظیم ترافیک درجریان‬111

‫فعالیت های ساختمانی‬
Construction
111.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬111.1
The Contractor shall at all-time carry out works on ‫قراردادی در جریان فعالیت های‬
the roadway in a manner creating least ‫ساختمانی در ساحات کار فعالیت های‬
interference to the flow of traffic while consistent ‫ساختمانی را طور پیش ببرد که حد‬
with the satisfactory execution of the same. For all ‫عقل ممانعت جریان ترافیک را ایجاد‬
‫ هرگاه فعالیت های بمنظور‬.‫نماید‬
works involving improvements to the existing
‫انکشاف جاده های موجود انجام‬
roadway, the Contractor shall, in accordance with
‫ قراردادی باید فعالیت ها را‬.‫میشود‬
the directives of the Engineer, provide and
‫مطابق به هدایات انجنیر مطابقت‬
maintain, during execution of the work, a passage ‫ و در طول اجرا فعالیت های‬.‫دهد‬
for traffic either along a part of the existing ‫ساختمانی بخش از جاده موجود را‬
carriageway under improvement, or along a ‫برای عبور و مرور ترافیک فراهم‬
temporary diversion constructed close to the ‫ساخته ویا اینکه یک راه موقتی برای‬
roadway. The Contractor shall take prior approval ‫عبور و مرور ترافیک در نزدیک جاده‬
of the Engineer regarding traffic arrangements ‫که کار باالی ان جریان دارد فراهم‬
during construction. ‫ قراردادی قبل از شروع کار‬.‫نماید‬
‫بروی این جاده ها تایید پالن کاری‬
‫خود را از انجنیرمسوول برای عبور و‬
‫مرور ترافیک در این ساحه حاصل‬
.‫نماید‬

18 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

111.2 Passage of Traffic along a part of the ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک در امتداد‬111.2
Existing Carriageway under Improvement ‫جاده که تحت فعالیت ساختمانی جهت‬
‫بهبود میباشد‬
For widening/strengthening existing carriageway
‫تنظیم عبور و مرور ترافیک در جاده‬
where part width of the existing carriageway is ‫هایکه عرض موجود انها برای گسترش‬
proposed to be used for passage of traffic, treated ‫ترافیک و استفاده از شانه های سرک‬
shoulders shall be provided on the side on which ‫برای عبور و مرور ترافیک از یک کنار‬
work is not in progress. The treatment to the ‫جاده استفاده شود شانه های سرک های‬
shoulder shall consist of providing at least 150 mm ‫موجود باید در سمت که مورد استفاده‬
thick granular base course covered with ‫ توسط جغل که ضخامت‬.‫قرار میگیرد‬
bituminous surface dressing in a width of at least ‫ملی متر و‬150 ‫انها در حدود حد عقل‬
1.5m and the surface shall be maintained ‫ متر‬1.5 ‫یک الیه بیزکورس قیری بعرض‬
throughout the period during which traffic uses ‫ طول متداوم این قسمت ها‬.‫پوشش شود‬
the same to the satisfaction of the Engineer. The ‫ متر در هر محل محدود‬500 ‫معموال به‬
‫ مترفاصله فاصله‬500 ‫میرسد و در هر‬
continuous length, in which such work shall be
20 ‫ متر بطول‬2.5 ‫ متر را به عرض‬20
carried out, would be limited normally to 500 m at
‫در صورت گسترش سرک دو‬.‫متر قیر گردد‬
a place. However, where work is allowed by the ‫خط به چهارخط دو خط اضافی جدید اوآل‬
Engineer in longer stretches passing places at least ‫ساخته شده و ترافیک موجود به ان‬
20m long with additional paved width of 2.5m ‫انحراف داده شود بعدآ ترمیم خطوط‬
shall be provided at every 0.5km interval. ‫درصورتیکه‬ .‫شود‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫موجود‬
In case of widening existing two-lane to four-lane, ‫قراردادی تقاضا برای استفاده از دو‬
the additional two lanes would be constructed ‫هرگاه‬ ‫و‬ ‫نماید‬ ‫موجود‬ ‫سرک‬
first and the traffic diverted to it and only ‫انجنیراستفاده از این دوسرک را‬
thereafter the required treatment to the existing ‫درانصورت‬ ‫بدهد‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ‫برای‬
carriageway would be carried out. However, in ‫قراردادی میتواند ازسرک های موجود‬
case where on the request of the Contractor, work ‫استفاده نماید و قسمت از این سرک‬
‫ها را برای عبور و مرور ترافیک‬
on existing two-lane carriageway is allowed by the
‫ و مقررات فوق نیز قابل‬.‫اختصاص دهد‬
Engineer with traffic using part of the existing
‫ بعد از حاصل نمودن‬.‫اجرا میباشد‬
carriageway, stipulations as in paragraph above
‫اجازه انجنیر شانه های ترمیم شده‬
shall apply. ‫دوباره تخریب گردیده ومواد اضافی‬
After obtaining permission of the Engineer, the ‫ان از ساحه بدور انتقال داده شده و‬
treated shoulder shall be dismantled, the debris ‫ساحه مطابق به هدایات انجنیر پاک‬
disposed of and the area cleared as per the .‫گردد‬
direction of the Engineer.

111.3 Passage of traffic along a Temporary ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک در امتداد‬111.3

Diversion ‫جاده که تحت فعالیت ساختمانی جهت‬
‫بهبود میباشد‬
In stretches where it is not possible to pass the ‫در قسمت های که عبور و مرور ترافیک‬
traffic on part width of the carriageway, a ‫دریک قسمت ازعرض سرک ممکن نبوده یک‬
temporary diversion shall be constructed with a ‫انحراف موقتی به عرض هفت متر با‬
minimum of 3.5m carriageway and 0.5m earthen ‫ متر از مواد خامه در‬2.5 ‫شانه‬
shoulders on each side with the following ‫هر دوطرف سرک (عرض اعظمی سرک‬
provision for road crust in the 3.5m width or as ‫متر) و با در نظر گرفتن شرایط‬12
directed by the Engineer: ‫ذیل برای تاج سرک‬
(i) 200mm (compacted) granular subbase; )‫ متر(تپک شده سب بیزجغلدار‬200 )i(
(ii) 225mm (compacted) granular base

19 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

course; and ‫سب‬ ‫شده‬ ‫متر(تپک‬ ‫ملی‬ 225 )ii(

(iii) Pre-mix carpet with seal coat/mix seal )‫بیزکورس جغلدار‬
surfacing. ‫) فرش مخلوط قیری و مخلوط پوشش‬iii(
The alignment and longitudinal section of ‫پینه یی ترتیب مقطعه های‬
diversion including junctions and temporary cross – ‫انحراف بشمول تقاطع ها‬
drainage provision shall be as approved by the ‫ابروهای متقابل باید توسط‬
Engineer. .‫انجنیر تایید شود‬

111.4 Traffic Safety and Control ‫ مصوونیت وکنترول ترافیک‬111.4

The Contractor shall take all necessary measures ‫قراردادی باید تمام اقدامات الزم را‬
for the safety of traffic during construction and ‫برای ایمنی –عبور و مرور ترافیک در‬
provide, erect and maintain such barricades, ‫طول مدت فعالیت های ساختمانی انجام‬
including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen ‫دهد این اقدامات شامل نصب عالیم‬
as may be required by the Engineer for the ‫نشان گذاری بیرق ها چراغ ها و به‬
‫ و این‬.‫اندازه کافی مهیا سازد‬
information and protection of traffic approaching
‫اقدامات توسط انجنیر مسوول برای‬
or passing through the section of the roadway
.‫سرک های که تحت کار است تایید شود‬
under improvement. Before taking up any
‫قبل از شروع هر نوع فعالیت های‬
construction, an agreed phased program for the ‫ساختمانی یک برنامه برای انحراف‬
diversion of traffic on the roadway shall be drawn ‫ترافیک با مشوره با انجنیر مسول‬
up in consultation with the Engineer. ‫ موانع که دو طرف سرک‬.‫ترتیب گردد‬
The barricades erected on either side of the ‫ویا نزدیک به قسمت های عبور و مرور‬
carriageway/portion of the carriageway closed to ‫ترافیک باید قسمی طراحی شود تا‬
traffic, shall be of strong design to resist violation, ‫درمقابل تخلفات – مقاومت کافی‬
and painted with alternate red and white stripes ‫ وهمچنان با رنگ سیاه‬.‫داشته باشد‬
or otherwise approved by the Engineer. Red ‫وسفید ویا رنگ های دیگر که تایید‬
lanterns or warnings lights of similar type shall be ‫ همچنان چراغ های‬.‫شده باشد رنگ شود‬
mounted on the barricades at night and kept lit ‫هشدار دهنده سرخ مشابه باید بر‬
throughout from sunset to sunrise. ‫موانع نصب شود و در طول شب ازغروب‬
‫روشن‬ ‫افتاب‬ ‫طلوع‬ ‫الی‬ ‫افتاب‬
At the points where traffic is to deviate from its
‫ در نقاط که در ان‬.‫نگهداشته شود‬
normal path (whether on temporary diversion or
‫ترافیک از مسیر نارمل خود انحراف‬
part width of the carriageway) the channel for
‫داده میشود(اگربشکل موقتی باشد‬
traffic shall be clearly marked with the aid of ‫ویاقسمت ازعرض سرک ) کانال برای‬
pavement markings, painted drums or a similar .‫ترافیک باید بشکل واضیح نشانی شود‬
device to the directions of the Engineer. At night, ‫به کمک ستوانه های رنگ شده ویا‬
the passage shall be delineated with lanterns or ‫وسایل مانند ان به اساس هدایات‬
other suitable light source. ‫انجنیر و درهنگام شب این مسیر توسط‬
One-way traffic operation shall be established ‫چراغ ها ویا منابع دیگر نوری روشن‬
whenever the traffic is to be passed over part of ‫ ترافیک یکطرفه زمانی‬.‫نگهداشته شود‬
the carriageway inadequate for two-lane traffic. ‫باید ازسرک عبور و مرور داده شود‬
This shall be done with the help of temporary ‫که عرض سرک به اندازه کافی برای‬
traffic signals or flagmen kept positioned on ‫ این عملیه‬.‫عبور و مرور سرک نباشد‬
‫با استفاده از سیگنال های موقتی‬
opposite sides during all hours. For regulation of
‫ترافیک ویا فالگمن ها در دوطرف‬
traffic, the flagmen shall be equipped with red and
‫متقابل در تمام ساحات کاری انجام‬
green flags and lanterns/lights. ‫ و برای تنظیم ترافیک فالگمن ها‬.‫شود‬

20 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

On both sides, suitable regulatory/warning signs ‫با بیرق های سرخ و سبز و چراغ ها‬
as approved by the Engineer shall be installed for .‫مجهز باشد‬
the guidance of road users. On each approach, at
least two signs shall be put up, one close to the
point where transition of carriageway begins and
the other 60-90m away. The signs shall be of
approved design and of reflective type, if so
directed by the Engineer.

111.5 Maintenance of Diversions and Traffic ‫ نگهداری انحرافات و دستگاه‬111.5

Control Devices ‫های کنترول ترافیک‬
‫ موانع و دیگر‬،‫ چراغها‬،‫اشارات‬
Signs, lights, barriers and other traffic control
‫ و‬،‫دستگاه های کنترول ترافیک‬
devices, as well as the riding surface of diversions
‫همچنان سطح سواری انحرافات باید‬
shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر تا زمانیکه الزم‬
such time they are required as directed by the ‫باشد به شرایط رضابت بخش نگهاری‬
Engineer. The temporary travelled way shall be ‫ راه سفر موقت باید از خاک‬.‫گردد‬
kept free of dust by frequent applications of ‫نگهداری گردیده و در صورت ضرورت از‬
water, if necessary. .‫آب استفاده گردد‬

111.6 Measurements for Payment and Rate ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت و‬111.6
All arrangement for traffic during construction ‫مقادیر‬
‫تمام آماده گی ها برای رفت و آمد‬
including provision of temporary cross drainage
‫در جریان ساخت وساز بشمول ارائه‬
structures, if required, and treated shoulder as
‫ در صورت‬،‫ساختمانهای آبراه متقابل‬
described in 112.3 above including their ‫ و کتف داده شده با نگهداری‬،‫الزم‬
maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, ‫ از بین بردن و پاکسازی واریزه‬،‫آن‬
were necessary, shall be considered as incidental ‫ باید جزء آثار‬،‫ در صورت ضرورت‬،‫ها‬
to the works and shall be the Contractor's ‫بوده و مسئولیت قراردادی میباشد که‬
responsibility and deemed to be included in the .‫شامل قیمت قرارداد میباشد‬
Contract Price.

112 General Rules for the Measurement of ‫اندازه‬ ‫ شرایط عمومی برای‬112
Works for Payment ‫گیری کارها برای پرداخت‬
All measurements shall be made in the metric ‫تمام اندازه گیری ها باید در سیستم‬
system. Different items of work listed in the Bill of ‫ اقالم مختلف ذکر شده در‬.‫متریک باشد‬
Quantity shall be measured in accordance with the ‫بل احجام قیمت دار باید طبق روشهای‬
procedures set forth in the relevant sections read ‫داده شده در بخشهای مربوطه شرایط‬
in conjunction with the General Conditions of .‫عمومی قررارداد اندازه گیری شود‬
‫اما چنین روش در قراردادهای کار تمام‬
Contract. The same shall not, however, apply in
.‫یا"لمپ سم" قابل تطبیق نمیباشد‬
the case of lump sum contract.

113 Scope of Rates for Different Items of ‫ هدف مقادیر برای ارقام مختلف‬113
‫کار‬
Work
(1) For item rate Contracts, the Contract unit ‫ نرخ‬،‫) برای قراردادهای نرخ اقالم‬1(
rates for different items of work shall be ‫واحد برای اقالم مختلف قرارداد‬

21 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

payment in full for completing the work to ‫باید بشکل کامل برای تکمیل کار‬
the requirements of the Specifications ‫مطابق مقتضیات مشخصه آن همراه با‬
including full compensation for all the ‫جبران خسارات کامل برای تمام‬
operations detailed in the relevant sections of ‫عملیات های داده شده در بخشهای‬
these Specifications under "Rates". In the ‫مربوطه آن در"نرخ ها" پرداخت‬
‫در صورت نبود هرگونه‬ .‫گردد‬
absence of any directions to the contrary, the
‫باید‬ ‫ نرخها‬،‫دستورالعمل مخالف‬
rates are to be considered as the full inclusive
‫بشکل نرخ کامل برای کار تمام شده‬
rate for finished work covering all labor, ،‫ ضایعات‬،‫ مواد‬،‫بشمول کاریگران‬
materials, wastage, temporary work, plant, ،‫ دستگاه ها تولیدی‬،‫کارهای موقتی‬
equipment, over-head charges and profit as ‫ مصارف باالیی و فواید آن‬،‫تجهیزات‬
well as the general liabilities, obligations, ،‫عمومی‬ ‫مسئولیتهای‬ ‫همچنان‬
insurance and risks arising out of General ‫ بیمه و خطریکه از شرایط‬،‫تعهدات‬
Conditions of Contract. ‫عمده قرارداد بوجود میآید در نظر‬
.‫گرفته شود‬

(2) The item rates quoted by the Contractor shall, ‫) نرخ اقالم داده شده توسط قراردادی‬2(
unless otherwise specified, also include ‫باید شامل و مطابقت با موارد ذیل‬
compliance with/supply of the following: :‫نیز باشد‬
(i) General works such as setting out, ،‫) کارهای عمومی مانند تنظیم‬i(
clearance of site before setting out and ‫پاکسازی ساحه قبل از آغاز کار‬
clearance of works after completion, ‫و پاکسازی کار بعد از تکمیل‬
etc.; .‫آن وغیره‬
‫) یک برنامه مفصل برای ساخت ساز‬ii(
(ii) A detailed program for the construction ‫و اتمام کار با استفاده از‬
and completion of the work (using ‫برعالوه‬ ،CPM/PERT ‫روشهای‬
CPM/PERT technique) giving, in addition ‫ شبکه‬،‫فعالیتهای ساخت و ساز‬
‫مفصل فعالیتهای برای ارسال و‬
to construction activities, detailed
‫ تدارک مواد و‬،‫تایید مواد‬
network activities for the submission
‫ تولید و نصب‬،‫تجهیزات بحرانی‬
and approval of materials, procurement
‫با‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫تجهیزات‬/‫محصوالت‬
of critical materials and equipment, ‫تمام‬ ‫و‬ ،‫آن‬ ‫آزمایشات‬
fabrication of special ‫فعالیتهای کارفرما که باالی‬
products/equipment and their ،‫پیشرفت کار موثر واقع گردد‬
installation and testing, and for all ‫تمام‬ ‫بشمول‬ ،.‫غیره‬ ‫و‬
activities of the Employer that are likely ‫فعالیتهای تجدید شده بر اساس‬
to affect the progress of work, etc., ‫تصامیم گرفته شده در زمانی‬
including updating of all such activities ‫بررسی ساحه و یا طبق هدایات‬
on the basis of the decisions taken at the .‫انجنیر‬
periodic site review meetings or as ‫) نمونه های مواد مختلف که برای‬iii(
directed by the Engineer. ‫استفاده پیشنهاد شده برای‬
‫آزمایشات طبق قرارداد تهیه‬
.‫گردد‬
(iii) Samples of various materials proposed
to be used on the Work for conducting ‫) دیزاین مخلوط ها طبق ماده های‬iv(
‫مربوطه مشخصات دارای نسبتهای‬
tests thereon as required as per the
‫ منابع جغل‬،‫مواد تشکیل شده را‬
provisions of the Contract.
‫ِندر همراه با مخلوط های‬ ‫و ب‬
‫آزمایشی طبق ماده های مربوطه‬

22 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

(iv) Design of mixes as per the relevant ‫مشخصات باید قبل از استفاده‬
Clauses of the Specifications giving ‫در کار برای تاییدی انجنیر‬
proportions of ingredients, sources of ‫ارائه گردد؛‬
aggregates and binder along with ‫) محاسبات مفصل دیزاین و نقشه‬v(
accompanying trial mixes as per the ‫ها برای تمام کارهای موقتی‬
relevant clauses of these Specifications ،‫ چفتی بندی‬،‫(مانند قالب کاری‬
to be submitted to the Engineer for his ‫ تجهیزات‬،‫پایه بندی موقت‬
‫مخصوص رسیدگی و راه اندازی‬
approval before use on the Works;
‫ساختمانی)؛‬
،‫) نقشه های مفصل برای قالبها‬vi(
(v) Detailed design calculations and
‫ تفصیالت‬،‫پایه ها و لنگرگاه ها‬
drawings for all Temporary Works (such
‫ خمی نوار‬،‫کیبلهای پیش تنیده‬
as form-work, staging, centering; ،‫و برنامه برش برای سیخ ها‬
specialized constructional handling and ‫لیستهای مواد برای تولید سیخ‬
launching equipment and the like); ‫ وغیره؛‬،‫بندی ساختمانی‬
‫) گواهی نامه آزمایش فلز نورد‬vii(
(vi) Detailed drawings for templates, ‫و فلز زوب شده طبق مشخصات‬
support and end anchorage, details for ‫مربوطه؛‬
pre-stressing cable profiles, bar bending ‫) آزمایشات اقالم و مواد مختلف‬viii(
and cutting schedules for ،‫ کانکریت‬،‫ سیمنت‬،‫بشمول قیر‬
reinforcement, material lists for ‫پایداری الزمه تحت این مشخصات‬
fabrication of the Specifications; ‫نامه‬ ‫گواهی‬/‫گزارشات‬ ‫و‬
.‫آزمایشات لوازم‬
(vii) Certificate on testing for all mild and ،‫) بررسی گزارشات قالب کاری‬ix(
high tensile steel and cast steel as per ‫ سیخ بندی و دیگر‬،‫چفتی بندی‬
the relevant provisions of the ‫اقالم کار نظر به مشخصات‬
Specifications; ‫مربوطه؛‬
‫) هر معلومات دیگریکه طبق این‬x(
(viii) Testing of various finished items and ‫مشخصات الزم باشد و یا شرایط‬
materials including bitumen, cement, ‫قرارداد و یا هر برنامه‬
‫دیگریکه بخشی از قرارداد‬
concrete, bearings as required under
‫راتشکیل دهد؛‬
these Specifications and furnishing test
‫) هر بخش دیگری از کار که در بل‬xi(
reports/certificates;
‫احجام قیمت دار مشخصا داده‬
‫نشده ولی برای مطابقت با‬
(ix) Inspection Reports in respect of form
‫مقررات قرارداد ضروری است؛‬
work, staging, reinforcement and other
‫ قالب‬،‫) تمام کارهای موقتی‬xii(
items of work as per the relevant ‫کاری و نابکاریها؛‬
Specifications;
‫) ایجاد و پیشبرد یک البراتوار‬xiii(
‫با تسهیالت برای آزمایشات اقالم‬
(x) Any other data which may be required ،‫مختلف کار طبق این مشخصات‬
as per these Specifications or the ‫حتی اگر کدام بخش جداگانهء در‬
Conditions of contract or any other ‫بل احجام قمیت دار برای آن‬
annexures/schedules forming part of ‫ذکر نشده باشد؛‬
the Contract; ‫) هزینه مقررات ساخته شده برای‬xiv(
‫تضمین کیفیت؛‬
(xi) Any other item of work which is not ‫) هزینه حفظ و مراقبت محیط؛ و‬xv(

23 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

specifically provided in the Bill of ‫) هزینه آماده سازی نقشه های‬xvi(

Quantities but which is necessary for ‫تطبیق شده؛‬
complying with the provisions of the
Contract;

(xii) All temporary works, formwork and

false work;

(xiii) Establishing and running a laboratory

with facilities for testing for various
items of works as specified in these
Specifications, where there is no
separate item in the Bill of Quantities for
establishing and running a laboratory;

(xiv) Cost of in-built provisions for Quality

Assurance;

(xv) Cost of safeguarding the environment;

and

(xvi) Cost of providing "as-built drawings".

(3) Portions of road works beyond the limits ‫) بخشهای خارج از محدوده کاری جاده‬3(
and/or any other work may be got ‫و دیگر کارها را کارفرما میتواند‬
constructed by the Employer directly through ‫دیگر‬ ‫های‬ ‫سازمانهای‬ ‫توسط‬
other agencies. Accordingly, other agencies ،‫اساس‬ ‫این‬ ‫بر‬ .‫اجرانماید‬
employed by the Employer may be working in ‫سازمانهای های دیگر درمجاورت‬
the vicinity of the Works being executed by ‫کارهای آغاز شده توسط قراردادی‬
‫ قراردادی‬.‫میتوانند کار نمایند‬
the Contractor. The Contractor shall liaise
‫باید با چنین سازمانها ها ارتباط‬
with such agencies and adjust his
‫داشته باشد و برنامه ساخت و ساز‬
construction program for the completion of
‫خود را مطابق آن برای تکمیل‬
work accordingly and no claim or ‫نمودن کار در وقت تنظیم نموده و‬
compensation due to any reason whatsoever ‫هیچ نوع مطالبه و یا خساره در‬
will be entertained on this account. The ‫ هر‬.‫رابطه پرداخت نحواهد شد‬
employer will be indemnified by the ‫مطالبه در رابطه را قراردادی‬
Contractor for any claims from other agencies .‫برای کارفرما جبران خواهد کرد‬
on this account.

114 Methodology and Sequence of Work ‫ روش و ترتیب کار‬114

Prior to start of the construction activities at site, ‫قبل از آغاز فعالیتهای ساخت و ساز‬
the contractor shall, within 28 days after the date ‫ در جریان‬،‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫در ساحه‬
of the Letter of Acceptance, submit to the ‫ روش‬،‫ روز بعد از تاریخ نامه قبولی‬28
Engineer for approval, the detailed construction ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫بشمول‬ ‫را‬ ‫خویش‬ ‫مفصل‬
‫ترتیب‬ ،‫استفاده‬ ‫قابل‬ ‫میخانیکی‬

24 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

methodology including mechanical equipment ‫فعالیتهای مختلف و برنامه کاری را‬

proposed to be used, Milestones, sequence of ‫از آغاز تا اخیر پروژه برای دریافت‬
various activities and schedule from start to end of ‫ برنامه‬.‫تاییدی انجنیر ارائه دارد‬
the project. Program relating to pavement and ‫قیرریزی و ساخت و ساز کناره ها یا‬
shoulder construction shall be an integrated ‫شولدرز باید یک فعالیت منظم بوده‬
‫ روش و ترتیب کار‬.‫باهم هماهنگ باشند‬
activity to be done simultaneously in a
‫ آبرو‬،‫باید طوری پالن گردد تا حفاظت‬
coordinated manner. The methodology and the
‫ها و جریان ترافیک به حالت مناسب‬
sequence shall be so planned as to provide proper .‫باشد را ارائه دارد‬
safety, drainage and free flow of traffic.

115 Use of Surfaces by Construction Traffic ‫وسایط‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫سطوح‬ ‫ استفاده‬115

‫ساخت و ساز‬
Ordinarily, no construction traffic shall be allowed ‫ هیچ وسایطی نباید باالی سطح‬،‫معموال‬
on pavement under construction unless ‫زیر ساخت و ساز اجازه داده شود مگر‬
authorized by the Engineer. Even in that case the ‫ حتی‬.‫اینکه توسط انجنیر مجاز گردد‬
load and intensity of construction traffic should be ‫در چنین حالت بار و شدت وسایط باید‬
so regulated that no damage is caused to the ‫طوری تنظیم گردد تا هیچ خساره ای به‬
‫سب گرید و الیه های قیر ساخته شده‬
subgrade or pavement layers already constructed.
‫ در صورت ضرورت باید قبل‬.‫وارد نشود‬
Where necessary, service roads shall be
.‫از آغاز کار جاده های کمکی ساخت‬
constructed for this purpose and the same shall be
‫تایر و مسیر حرکت دستگاه های تولیدی‬
considered as incidental to the work. ‫باالی الیه های مختلف قیر باید از مواد‬
The wheels or tracks of plant moving over the .‫زیان آور خالی باشد‬
various pavement courses shall be kept free of ‫الیه قیری بیس کورس الی اینکه بدون‬
deleterious materials. ‫پوش باشد باید با الیه پوشش و یا‬
Bituminous base course shall be kept clean and ‫پردازش سطحی پاک و غیر آلوده نگهداری‬
uncontaminated as long as the same remains ‫ تنها وسایلیکه باالی الیه‬.‫گردد‬
uncovered by a wearing course or surface ‫بیسکورس مجاز است وسایل هموار کاری‬
treatment. The only traffic permitted access to the ‫و وسایل تحکیم کاری ویرنیگ کورس و‬
base course shall be that engaged in laying and ‫یا وسایل که برای وقایه سطح بیس کورس‬
‫ در صورت آلوده شدن الیه‬.‫میباشد‬
compacting the wearing course or that engaged
‫بیسکورس و یا تک کوت باالی الیه‬
on such surface treatment where the base-course
‫ قراردادی باید با پاک‬،‫بیسکورس‬
is to be blinded and/or surface dressed. Should the
‫ و اگر‬،‫نمودن آن طبق رضایت انجنیر‬
base course or tack coat on the base course ‫ الیه را دور‬،‫چنین غیر عملی باشد‬
become contaminated, the Contractor shall make ‫نموده دوبار الیه گذاشته شود و پرداخت‬
good by clearing it to the satisfaction of the .‫اضافی صورت نمیگیرد‬
Engineer, and if this is impracticable, by removing
the layer and replacing it to Specification without
any extra cost.

116 Living Quarters, Sheds, and Stores ،‫ سایبانها‬،‫ محل های بود و باش‬116
‫و ذخیره ها‬
The Contractor shall supply, equip and maintain ‫قراردادی در جریان قرارداد باید‬
for the Contract period all his own living ‫ سایبانها‬،‫تمام اقامت زندگی خود را‬
accommodation, sheds and stores necessary for ‫ و‬،‫و ذخیره های الزم برای آغاز کار‬

25 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

the execution of the Work, and shall make his own ‫همه ترتیبات برای خودش را طبق تاییدی‬
arrangements, subject to the approval of the ‫انجنیر و مالک زمین و در صورت ضرورت‬
Engineers, with the owner of any land required ‫ مجهز و برقرار‬،‫پرداخت آنرا عرضه‬
and, if necessary, pay for its use. .‫دارد‬
The furnishing and maintenance of living quarters, ،‫تجهیز و تعمیر محل های بود و باش‬
‫ و ذخیره ها نباید جداگانه‬،‫سایبانها‬
sheds, and stores shall not be paid separately and
‫پرداخت شده و قیمت تمام اقالم باید‬
deemed to be included in the cost of any items in
.‫در بل احجام قیمت دار ذکر گردد‬
the Bill of Quantities.

117 Quality Control

117.1 Introduction
The publications listed below form a part of this
specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.
ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)
ASTM D 3740 (2004) Minimum requirements for
agencies engaged in the
testing and inspection
of soil and rock as used
in engineering design
and construction
ASTM E 329 (2005B) Agencies
engaged in the testing
and inspection of
material used in
construction
Separate payment will not be made for providing
and maintaining an effective Quality Control
program, and all costs associated therewith shall
be included in the applicable unit prices or lump-
sum prices contained in the Bill of Quantities.

117.2 General Requirements

The Contractor is responsible for quality control

and shall establish and maintain an effective
quality control system in compliance with the
General and Special Conditions of the Contract.
The quality control system shall consist of plans,
procedures, and organization necessary to
produce an end product which complies with the
contract requirements. The system shall cover all
construction work, Operations, both onsite and

26 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

offsite, and shall be keyed to the proposed

construction sequence.

The site project superintendent or quality control

manager shall be responsible for the quality of
work on the job site and is subject to removal by
the Engineer for non-compliance with the quality
requirements specified in the contract. The site
project superintendent or quality control manager
in this context shall be the highest level manager
responsible for the overall construction activities
at the site, including quality and production. The
site project superintendent or quality control
manager or his representative shall maintain a
physical presence at the site at all times, except as
otherwise acceptable to the Engineer, and shall be
responsible for all construction and construction
related activities at the site.

117.3 Quality Control Plan

117.3.1 General
The Contractor shall furnish for review by the
Engineer, not later than 7 days after receipt of
notice to proceed, the Contractor Quality Control
(CQC) Plan proposed to implement the
requirements of the General and Special
Conditions of the Contract. The plan shall include:

1. CQC Organization
2. Names and Qualifications
3. Duties, Responsibilities of QC Personnel
4. Outside Organization
5. Appointment Letters
6. Testing Laboratory Information
7. List of Definable Features of Work
8. Testing Plan and Log
9. Inspection and Documentation
Procedure, Forms
10. Procedures for Performing the Three
Phases of Control in accordance with
Clause 117.6 Control
11. References

27 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

Construction will be permitted to begin only after

acceptance of the CQC Plan or acceptance of an
interim plan applicable to the particular feature of
work to be started. Work outside of the features
of work included in an accepted interim plan will
not be permitted to begin until acceptance of a
CQC Plan or another interim plan containing the
additional features of work to be started.

117.3.2 Acceptance of Plan

Acceptance of the Contractor's plan is required by
the Engineer prior to the start of construction
works. Acceptance is conditional and will be
predicated on satisfactory performance during the
construction works. The Engineer reserves the
right to require the Contractor to make changes in
his CQC Plan and operations including removal of
personnel, as necessary, to obtain the quality
specified.

117.3.3 Notification of changes

After acceptance of the CQC Plan by the Engineer,
the Contractor shall notify the Engineer in writing
of any proposed change. Proposed changes are
subject to acceptance by the Engineer.

117.4 Quality Control Organization

117.4.1 Personnel Requirements
The requirements for the CQC organization are a
CQC System Manager, a construction Quality
Manager, and sufficient number of additional
qualified personnel to ensure safety and contract
compliance. Personnel identified in the technical
provisions as requiring specialized skills to assure
the required work is being performed properly will
also be included as part of the CQC organization.
The Contractor's CQC staff shall maintain a
presence at the site at all times during progress of
the work and have complete authority and
responsibility to take any action necessary to
ensure contract compliance. The CQC staff shall be
subject to acceptance by the Engineer. The
Contractor shall provide adequate office space,
filing systems and other resources as necessary to

28 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

maintain an effective and fully functional CQC

organization. Complete records of all letters,
material submittals, shop drawing submittals,
schedules and all other project documentation
shall be promptly furnished to the CQC
organization by the Contractor. The CQC
organization shall be responsible to maintain
these documents and records at the site at all
times, except as otherwise acceptable to the
Engineer.

117.4.2 CQC System Manager

The Contractor shall identify as CQC System
Manager an individual within the onsite work
organization who shall be responsible for overall
management of CQC and have the authority to act
in all CQC matters for the Contractor. The CQC
System Manager shall be on the site at all times
during construction and shall be employed by the
prime Contractor. The CQC System Manager shall
be assigned as System Manager but may have
duties as project superintendent or quality control
manager in project site. An alternate for the CQC
System Manager shall be identified in the plan to
serve in the event of the System Manager's
absence. The requirements for the alternate shall
be the same as for the designated CQC System
Manager.

117.4.3 CQC Personnel

In addition to CQC personnel specified elsewhere
in the contract, the Contractor shall provide as
part of the CQC organization specialized personnel
to assist the CQC System Manager for the
following areas: electrical, mechanical, structural,
architectural, technician, submittals clerk. These
individuals shall be directly employed by the prime
Contractor and may not be employed by a supplier
or sub-Contractor on this project; be responsible
to the CQC System Manager; be physically present
at the construction site during work on their areas
of responsibility; have the necessary education
and/or experience in accordance with the
experience matrix listed herein. These individuals

29 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

shall perform other duties but must be allowed

sufficient time to perform their assigned quality
control duties as described in the Quality Control
Plan.

117.4.4 Organization Changes

The Contractor shall maintain the CQC staff at full
strength at all times. When it is necessary to make
changes to the CQC staff, the Contractor shall
revise the CQC Plan to reflect the changes and
submit the changes to the Engineer for
acceptance.

117.5 Submittals and Deliverables

Submittals, if needed, shall be made as specified
in technical specification. The CQC organization
shall be responsible for certifying that all
submittals and deliverables are in compliance with
the contract requirements, design drawing and
construction specification. The CQC organization
could reject submittal which will be in conflict with
contract requirements, design drawings and
construction specification and contactor is
responsible to resubmit the required data for
government CQC system manager.

117.6 Control
Contractor Quality Control is the means by which
the Contractor ensures that the construction, to
include that of sub-Contractors and suppliers,
complies with the requirements of the contract. At
least three phases of control shall be conducted by
the CQC System Manager for each definable
feature of the construction work as follows:

(1) Preparatory Phase:

This phase shall be performed prior to beginning
work on each definable feature of work; after all
required plans, documents and materials are
approved or accepted by the Engineer and after
copies are at the work site. This phase shall
include:
a. A review of each paragraph of applicable
specifications, reference codes, and

30 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

standards. A copy of those sections of

referenced codes and standards applicable
to that portion of the work to be
accomplished in the field shall be made
available by the Contractor at the
preparatory inspection. These copies shall be
maintained in the field and available for use
by personnel until final acceptance of the
work.

b. A review of the contract drawings.

c. A check to assure that all materials and/or

equipment have been tested, submitted, and
approved.
d. Review of provisions that have been made to
provide required control inspection and
testing.

e. Examination of the work area to assure that

all required preliminary work has been
completed and is in compliance with the
contract.

f. A physical examination of required materials,

equipment, and sample work to assure that
they are on hand, conform to approved shop
drawings or submitted data, and are properly
stored.

g. Discussion of procedures for controlling

quality of the work including repetitive
deficiencies. Documents all construction
tolerances and workmen-ship standards for
that feature of works,

h. A check to ensure that the portion of the plan

for the work to be performed has been
accepted by the Engineer.

i. Discussion of the initial control phase.

j. The Engineer shall be notified at least 24

hours in advance of beginning the
preparatory control phase. This phase shall

31 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

include a meeting conducted by the CQC

System Manager and attended by the
contractor superintendent or quality control
manager, other CQC personnel (as
applicable), and the foreman responsible for
the definable feature. The results of the
preparatory phase actions shall be
documented by separate minutes prepared
by the CQC System Manager and attached to
the daily CQC report. The Contractor shall
instruct applicable workers as to the
acceptable level of workmanship required in
order to meet contract specifications.

(2) Initial Phase:

This phase shall be accomplished at the beginning
of a definable feature of work. The following shall
be accomplished:

a. A check of work to ensure that it is in full

compliance with contract requirements,
design drawing and construction
specification. Review minutes of the
preparatory meeting.

b. Verify adequacy of controls to ensure full

contract compliance. Verify required control
inspection and testing.

c. Establish level of workmanship and verify

that it meets minimum acceptable
workmanship standards. Compare with
required sample panels as appropriate.

d. Resolve all differences.

e. The Engineer shall be notified at least 24

hours in advance of beginning the initial
phase. Separate minutes of this phase shall
be prepared by the CQC System Manager and
attached to the daily CQC report. Exact
location of initial phase shall be indicated for
future reference and comparison with
follow-up phases.

32 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

f. The initial phase should be repeated for each

new crew to work onsite, or any time
acceptable specified quality standards are
not being met.

(3) Follow-up Phase:

Daily checks shall be performed to assure control
activities, including control testing, are providing
continued compliance with contract
requirements, until completion of the particular
feature of work. The checks shall be made a
matter of record in the CQC documentation. Final
follow-up checks shall be conducted and all
deficiencies corrected prior to the start of
additional features of work which may be affected
by the deficient work. The Contractor shall not
build upon nor conceal non-conforming work.

(4) Additional Preparatory and Initial Phases:

Additional preparatory and initial phases shall be
conducted on the same definable features of work
if: the quality of on-going work is unacceptable; if
there are changes in the applicable CQC staff,
onsite production supervision or work crew; if
work on a definable feature is resumed after a
substantial period of inactivity; or if other
problems develop.

117.7 Tests
117.7.1 Testing Procedure
The Contractor shall perform specified or required
tests to verify that control measures are adequate
to provide a product which conforms to contract
requirements. Upon request, the Contractor shall
furnish to the Engineer duplicate samples of test
specimens for possible testing by the Kabul
Municipality responsible staff. Testing includes
operation and/or acceptance tests when
specified. The Contractor shall procure the
services of a government approved testing
laboratory or establish an approved testing
laboratory at the project site. The Contractor shall

33 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

perform the following activities and record and

provide the following data:

a. Verify that testing procedures comply with

contract requirements.

b. Verify that facilities and testing equipment

are available and comply with testing
standards.

c. Check test instrument calibration data

against certified standards.

d. Verify that recording forms and test

identification control number system,
including all of the test documentation
requirements, have been prepared.

e. Results of all tests taken, both passing and

failing tests, shall be recorded on the CQC
report for the date taken. Specification
paragraph reference, location where tests
were taken, and the sequential control
number identifying the test shall be given.
If approved by the Contracting Officer,
actual test reports may be submitted later
with a reference to the test number and
date taken. An information copy of tests
performed by an offsite or commercial test
facility shall be provided directly to the
Contracting Officer. Failure to submit
timely test reports as stated may result in
nonpayment for related work performed
and disapproval of the test facility for this
contract.

117.7.2 Testing Laboratories Capability Check

The Engineer reserves the right to check
laboratory equipment in the proposed laboratory
for compliance with the standards set forth in the
contract specifications and to check the laboratory
technician's testing procedures and techniques.
Laboratories utilized for testing soils, concrete,

34 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

asphalt, and steel shall meet criteria detailed in

ASTM D 3740 and ASTM E 329.

117.7.3 Onsite Laboratory

The Engineer reserves the right to utilize the
Contractor's selected control testing laboratory
and equipment to make assurance tests, and to
check the Contractor's testing procedures,
techniques, and test results at no additional cost
to the Government. The testing laboratory shall be
third party for testing of all construction material
and it shall be approved by Kabul Municipality CQC
system and project manager.

117.8 Completion Inspection

117.8.1 Punch-Out Inspection:
Near the end of the work, or any increment of the
work established by a time stated in the General
and Special Conditions of Contract or by the
specifications, the CQC Manager shall conduct an
inspection of the work. A punch list of items which
do not conform to the approved drawings and
specifications shall be prepared and submit to the
contractor for incorporation. The list of
deficiencies shall include the estimated date by
which the deficiencies will be corrected. The CQC
System Manager or staff shall make a second
inspection to ascertain that all deficiencies have
been corrected. Once this is accomplished, the
Contractor shall notify the Engineer that the
facility is ready for the Pre-Final inspection.

117.8.2 Pre-Final Inspection:

The Kabul Municipality will perform the pre-final
inspection to verify that the facility is complete
and ready to be occupied. A Kabul Municipality
Pre-Final Punch List may be developed as a result
of this inspection. The Contractor's CQC System
Manager shall ensure that all items on this list
have been corrected before notifying the
Engineer, so that a Final inspection with the
stakeholders can be scheduled. Any items noted
on the Pre-Final inspection shall be corrected in a
timely manner. These inspections and any

35 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

deficiency corrections required by this paragraph

shall be accomplished within the time slated for
completion of the entire work or any particular
increment of the work if the project is divided into
increments by separate completion dates.

117.8.3 Final Acceptance Inspection:

The Contractor's Quality Control Inspection
personnel, plus the superintendent or other
primary management person, and the Kabul
Municipality project manager or its representative
shall be in attendance at the final acceptance
inspection. The final acceptance inspection will be
formally scheduled by the Engineer based upon
results of the Pre-Final inspection. Notice shall be
given to the Kabul Municipality at least 14 days
prior to the final acceptance inspection and shall
include the Contractor's assurance that all specific
items previously identified to the Contractor as
being unacceptable, along with all remaining work
performed under the contract, will be complete
and acceptable by the date scheduled for the final
acceptance inspection. Failure of the Contractor
to have all contract work acceptably complete for
this inspection will be cause for the Engineer to bill
the Contractor for the Kabul Municipality
additional inspection cost in accordance with the
General and Special Conditions of Contract.

117.9 Documentation
The Contractor shall maintain current records
providing factual evidence that required quality
control activities and/or tests have been
performed. These records shall include the work
of sub-contractors and suppliers and shall be on an
acceptable form that includes, as a minimum, the
following information:
a. Contractor/subcontractor and their area of
responsibility.

b. Operating plant/equipment with hours

worked, idle, or down for repair.

c. Work performed each day, giving location,

description, and by whom.

36 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d. Test and/or control activities performed

with results and references to
specifications and design drawings
requirements. The control phase shall be
identified (Preparatory, Initial, and Follow-
up). List of deficiencies noted, along with
corrective action plan.

e. Quantity of materials received at the site

with statement as to acceptability, storage,
and reference to specifications and design
drawings requirements.
f. Submittals and deliverables reviewed, with
contract reference, by whom, and action
taken.

g. Offsite surveillance activities, including

actions taken.

h. Job safety evaluations stating what was

checked, results, and instructions or
corrective actions.

i. Instructions given/received and conflicts in

plans and/or specifications.

117.10 Notification of Noncompliance

The Engineer will notify the Contractor of any
detected noncompliance with the foregoing
requirements. The Contractor shall take
immediate corrective action after receipt of such
notice. Such notice, when delivered to the
Contractor at the work site, shall be deemed
sufficient for the purpose of notification. If the
Contractor fails or refuses to comply promptly, the
Engineer may issue an order stopping all or part of
the work until satisfactory corrective action has
been taken. No part of the time lost due to such
stop orders shall be made the subject of claim for
extension of time or for excess costs or damages
by the Contractor.

37 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

118 Safety Management

118.1 General
118.1.1 Scope of Work
a) This section covers provisions in handling
health and safety of work to everyone in
working place which related to the
removing of material, using of construction
equipment, production process and
environment surrounding the working
place.

b) The handling of Safety Management Plan

covers the availability of including the
provision of prevention of work accidents
and occupational health protection and the
provision of competent personnel and
organizational control of Safety
Management Plan according to the level of
risk specified by the Engineer.

c) The Contractor shall follow the provisions of

Safety Management stipulated in the
Afghanistan Safety Law & Regulation and
other related regulation.

118.2 Management System and Safety

Management Plan
118.2.1 General
a) The Contractor shall make, apply and keep
the procedure for identifying dangerous, risk
assessment and controlling in sustainable in
accordance with the Safety Management
Plan approved by the Engineer.

b) The Contractor shall involve certified Safety

Manager in work package. The certified Safety
Manager has duty to plan, implement and
evaluate the Management System of Safety
Plan.

c) The Contractor shall make Routine Activity

Report of Safety which shall be sent to the
Engineer.

38 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d) The Contractor shall implement the Internal

Audit for Safety Management Plan.

e) The Contractor shall review the Safety

Management Plan according to PDCA Cycle
every month during the implementation of
construction work.

e) The Engineer shall anytime inspect the Safety

Management System.

118.2.2 Safety Management Plan

a) The Contractor shall submit Safety
Management Plan for the Engineer’s
approval within 7 days after the
commencement of works.

b) The Safety Management Plan shall include

the minimum contents;
 Basic policy for Safety Management
 Organization for Safety
Management
 Promotion of the PDCA Cycle
 Monitoring System
 Safety Education and training
 Voluntary Safety Management
activities
 Sharing information
 Response to emergencies and
unforeseen circumstances
 Risk Assessment of the works
 Safety work sequence for each
activity

118.3 Public Traffic Safety

(1) The Contractor will be responsible for the
safety of the public legitimately passing
through the site. All excavations, equipment
or items of potential danger to the public must
be barricaded and signposted to the
satisfaction of the Engineer and the
Contractor must provide sufficient watchmen
to ensure the safety of the public at all times.

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All existing pedestrian routes shall be

maintained in a safe condition unless an
alternative route is provided to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

(2) All works must be carried out in such a way as

to minimize danger to the public and the
workers on the site.

(3) All existing roads used by vehicle of the

Contractor or any of his sub-contractors or
suppliers of materials or plant, and similarly
any new roads which are part of the works and
which are being used by traffic, shall be kept
clean and clear of all dust/mud or other
extraneous materials dropped by the said
vehicles or their tires. Similarly, all dust/mud
or other extraneous materials from the works
spreading on these highways shall be
immediately cleared by the Contractor.

(4) Clearance shall be effected immediately by

manual sweeping and removal of debris, if so
directed by the Engineer, by mechanical
sweeping and clearing equipment, and all
dust, mud and other debris shall be removed
entirely from the road surface shall be hosed
or watered using suitable equipment.

118.4 Field Office and Facility

118.4.1 Washing Facility
The Contractor shall provide adequate washing
facility in accordance with the work executed for all
labor for construction. Washing facility including
hot water supply and cleaning substance for the
following conditions:

- If workers are at risk for skin contamination

caused by toxic substances, the substances
that cause infection and irritation or other
sensitive substances;

- If a worker handling a difficult material

washed from the skin if you use cold water;

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- If workers have to clean the whole body;

- If workers are exposed to conditions of

excessive heat or cold, or work under un
usual wet condition which cause the
workers shall clean all their body, the
Contractor shall provide shower within
adequate number.

118.4.2 Sanitation Facility

a) The Contractor shall provide adequate toilet
whether for men or women employ in the
location of work.

b) Male and female toilets must be separated

with a wall full closed. Toilet should be easily
accessible, have adequate lighting and
ventilation, and protected from the weather. If
the toilet is outside, should be given way to
walk well with adequate lighting along the
pathway. Toilet should be made and located in
manner to must be created and placed so as to
maintain the privacy of people who use them
and made of made of material that is easily
cleaned.

118.4.3 Drinking Water

The Contractor shall provide the supply of drinking
water to all workers with the following provisions:
1) Easily accessed by all workers and labelled
clearly as drinking water;

2) Container for drinking water shall fulfill the

applicable healthy standard;

3) If stored in the container, the container

shall: clean and be protected from
contamination and heat; shall be refilled
with drinking water every day from sources
that meet health standards.

118.4.4 First Aid Facility

1) First Aid Facility shall be in the work place.

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2) In the work place shall always have a

trained worker and/or responsible for First
Aid Facility.

118.4.5 Accommodation, Meals and Cloths

a) Adequate accommodation for workers shall
be available by the Contractor as place for
eat, rest, and protection from weather.

b) The accommodation shall have a clean floor,

furnished with table and chairs, and other
furniture to ensure the availability of place
for rest, eat and protection from weather.

c) Recycle bins shall be provided and cleaned

periodically.

118.4.6 Lighting
a) Lighting shall be available in all workplace,
including in the room, connecting road, stairs
and hallway. All lighting shall be able to turn
on when anyone pass or use it.

b) Additional lighting shall be available for detail

work, dangerous process, or if using
machine.

c) Adequate emergency lighting shall be

available.

118.4.7 Maintenance of Facility

The Contractor shall maintain facilities in clean and
hygienic condition, and shall be accessible by
workers.

118.4.8 Ventilation
a) All workplaces must have a clean air flow.

b) On the condition of a very dusty place for

example place for concrete cutting, utilizing
of chemical hazard such as adhesive
material, and other condition, the
Contractor shall provide protective

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equipment such as respirators respiratory

and eye protection.

118.5 Work Provisions in High Places

118.5.1 General
1) Working in high places (places more than
2m from the ground) shall be performed by
workers who have the knowledge,
experience and have the necessary
resources to complete the work safely.

2) Workers working in high places shall use

safety facilities such as scaffolding, safety
nets and fall catcher system.

118.5.2 Protection around the the work area or

workplace
a) Handrails shall be installed along the open
floor edge of work in accordance with
clause 118.5.3 of this sub section.

b) If the workplace exists above public area

and material or other things fall on to the
public, the area around the workplace shall
be free from access to public or shall be
protected by safety net.

118.5.3 Handrail work site safety

Handrail shall be installed surrounding openings
on the floor or edge of structures and working
platform on scaffolding in such a manner as
follows:
i. 900 – 1100 mm height of the handrail from
the surface;

ii. Having mid-rail;

iii. Having toe board if any risk of the fallen

work tool or material from roof/workplace;

iv. The posts of handrail should be fixed rigidly

on the surface at not more than 1.8m
interval.

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118.5.4 Safety nets

a) Workers who install safety nets should be
protected from fall hazards by the use of
safety harness and scaffolding.

b) Safety nets shall be installed to minimize

gap between nets and the structures.

c) Safety nets shall be installed with sufficient

clearance from the surface of the
ground/floor so that a worker falls on the
net would not be in contact with the
surface of the floor/ ground.

118.5.5 Individual fall arrest system

a) Individual fall arrest system including safety
block, safety harness and static rope. The
workers who are required to use this tool
should be trained first.

b) Workers using safety harness may not work

alone. Workers who fall and hanging on the
safety harness should be saved in not more
than 20 minutes.

c) Notice to use safety facilities such as static

ropes, safety block and safety harness
should be given at terrible points.

118.5.6 Ladder
The ladder shall be used in such a manner as the
follows:
a) Select the type of ladder that match the
work to be done;

b) Provide training in the use of ladder;

c) Tying the top and bottom of ladder to

prevent accidents due to sliding in the
ladder;

d) The top of the ladder shall be extended at

least 1m above the working floor.

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118.5.7 Scaffolding
a) Scaffolding with more than 5m high from
the surface shall be installed and
dismantled only by qualified scaffolder.

b) All scaffolding shall be inspected by

qualified scaffolder before use on daily
basis, after bad weather or other
disturbance which may affect the stability
and when the scaffolding has not been used
for a long time. The result of inspection
shall be recorded, including the correction
made during inspection. The record shall be
signed by the person who inspected.

c) The inspector must ensure that:

 Availability of adequate access on
work floor of scaffolding.
 All vertical components shall be
placed on strong foundation with
jack base plate. A wooden timber
or other means shall be used to
avoid movement and settlement of
vertical components.
 Scaffolding shall be connected with
building/structure already
constructed rigidly to prevent
collapse of scaffolding.
 Should some bracing have been
removed after the scaffolding was
set, additional bracing or other
material should be installed to
strengthen the scaffolding.
 Scaffolding shall have enough
bracing to ensure the stability.
 Vertical components, stick, or strut
shall not be removed.
 Floor deck for working platform
shall be installed correctly and free
from defect and well arranged.
 All floor deck shall be binding
correctly to avoid movement.

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 Handrail shall be installed

surrounding working platform in
accordance with clause 119.5.3.
 In case Scaffolding is designed to
retain material loaded, maximum
loading shall be shown on the
scaffolding.
 Warning sign or safety barriers shall
be installed along the working area
to avoid people from entering.

118.6 Electrical
118.6.1 Electric Supply
Portable electric tool which is used in moist
condition shall meet the followings terms:
- Having supply isolated from earth with not
more than 230 voltages between
conductors.

- Having earth circuit monitored where the

electric supply on the tool automatically
will be terminated if occur damages on
earth.

- Tool should have double insulation.

- Having electric source connected to the

earth in a such manner that the voltage to
earth shall not exceed 55 volt AC; or

- Having residual measurement tool.

118.6.2 Temporary Power Distribution Board

All temporary power distribution boards used in
workplace shall meet the following terms:
- Temporary power distribution board
installed outside the room shall be kept in a
waterproof box.

- The waterproof box shall have a door and

lock. The doors must be designed and
positioned in such a way that shall not
damage the cables connected to the board.

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The door shall be labeled: KEEP THE DOOR

CLOSE.

- All cables installed to power distribution

board shall have identification label
showing the name of usage.

- Having an insulated slot at the bottom part.

118.6.3 Inspection of equipment

All electrical tools and equipment shall be
inspected before using and afterward at least once
in three months. All electrical tools and equipment
shall have inspection checklist showing the latest
inspection date and modification made.

118.6.4 Clearances from power cables

Crane, excavator, drilling rig, or other equipment,
structure or scaffolding shall not be located within
4 m without written permit from the responsible
authorities of power cables.

118.7 Personal Protection

118.7.1 Personal Protective Equipment
The Contractor shall provide personal protective
equipment for the workers in accordance with the
following terms:
- All workers and other personnel involved
shall be trained the way to use personal
protective equipment and understand the
reason for using it.

- The workers shall wear the safety helmet in

any circumstances.

- Eye protection equipment shall be used in

welding jobs, or works which create pieces
of material such as pieces of wood saws or
pieces of concrete that may cause eye
damage.

- Safety shoes with an iron tip at the toe shall

be used by the workers.

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- Noise protection equipment shall be used

during the works with high noise level.

- Safety gloves shall be used during the

works.

- Dust masks shall be used by workers who

are exposed to hazards such as asbestos,
chemical vapors and dust.

- Safety harness shall be used by workers for

works in high places more than 2 m from
the surface.

118.7.2 Danger to the skin

- Workers shall immediately report when
works suffer from skin problems due to the
usage of hazardous materials.

- The workers shall wear trousers and shirts

with long selves to protect the skin.

- The Contractor shall provide facility for

body washing and changing clothes as
mentioned in section 118.4.

118.7.3 Utilization of chemical materials

a) The Contractor shall have procedures to
manage the usage of chemical materials or
hazardous substance in healthy way,
storage procedures, and waste disposal
procedures.

b) All chemical materials shall be stored in

original container in one safety and well
ventilated place.

c) All workers shall be trained for handling

chemical material or hazardous materials
including emergency act.

118.8 Cutting and Welding with High Pressure

Gases
118.8.1 General

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The Contractor shall prevent the potential dangers

as follows:
- Fires due to fuel leak (propane, acetylene),
usually from damage to the hose or the
hose connection.

- Pipe explosion due to leakage of oxygen

hose or incandescent cutter.

- Inhale dangerous fumes from the welding

operation.

- Fires of combustible materials around the

weld.

118.8.2 Cylinder Handling

- Cylinder should not be rolling on the
ground or treated harshly. Cart should be
used for transportation of the cylinder with
hoses tied up.

- Cylinder shall not be placed free standing

alone to prevent collapse.

- Cylinder should not be used immediately

after placed in vertical position.

- The cylinder should be covered by white

clothes to protect from high temperature.

118.8.3 Storage
- All hoses and cutting accessories should be
opened when the work is completed to
ensure that no remaining gas is left inside.

- Cylinder shall be stored in a position away

from combustible materials and sources of
ignition.

118.8.4 Devices
- Only hoses that meet the standards shall be
used. Hose shall be checked everyday for
the signs of damage.

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- Hoses shall be as short as possible. The

hoses shall be connected by hose coupler
and hose clamps.

118.8.5 Fire extinguisher and protective devices

- Flammable materials must be removed
from the working area and adequate fire
extinguishers shall be provided.

- The workers shall use eye protection and

protective clothing to protect from fire.

118.9 Usage of Machinery Tools

118.9.1General
All machinery tools shall be furnished with a user
guide and safety instructions. The copy shall be
always available for operator and field supervisor.

118.9.2 Nailing tools and automatic stapler and

portable
If the Contractor uses nailing tools and automatic
stapler and portable, the following provisions shall
be met:
a) Equipment shall not be directed to people,
although it has security tool.

b) Trigger on Nailing tools and staplers not be

suppressed unless the tip of the tool is
directed to the surface safely.

c) Particular attention should be paid when

maneuvering on the edge of the object.

d) If nailing tools and resources using the

automatic stapler pneumatic, not allowed
to use sources of dangerous gases and
flammable.

e) Damaged tool may not be used.

f) Hearing protection and appropriate eye

protection should be used when using
these tools.

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118.9.3 Portable Power Tools

a) Chainsaw, concrete mixer machine,
concrete cutter and other motorized
equipment must be equipped with safety
devices at all times.

b) The Contractor shall fulfill the following

safety precautions:
- Every operator shall be trained to use
the above tools.
- Use only exact tool and method for
every kinds of work executed.
- Damaged tool or machine may not
be used.
- Cutting tools must be maintained
sharpness.
- Appropriate hearing protection and
eye protection to be used when using
these tools.
- Area near the devices or machine
should e clean.
- Extension cable shall be placed in
manner to avoid damages of
equipment and materials.
- Additional lighting should be
provided when using the tool or
machine.

118.9.4 Lift
a) Lift shall be set up by a qualified person.

b) Lift operator shall be a well trained and

given particular license to operate it.

c) Lift shall be located on a solid foundation

and attached to the building or structure.

d) Access to operator and personnel carry out

the maintenance shall be safe.

e) Lift having minimum height of 2 m, with

side and door fully covered (solid) or
covered using ram wire within minimum
diameter of 3 mm and with maximum

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opening of 9mm. Lift shall be covered with

roof at least from wood slab or plywood
with minimum 18 mm of thickness.

f) Minimum height of door shall be 2 m and

having safe key. Solid door shall have a
transparent panel.

g) Distance from the bottom of the lift to the

ground floor does not exceed 50 mm.

h) Lift shall have a locking mechanism of

electro-mechanical which can only be
opened from the basket and can only be
opened when the basket is on the surface
soil and can prevent the operation of lifting
equipment when the basket is opened.

i) Lifting is controlled in the basket of lift.

j) All parts of the metal should be connected

to earth.

k) The lift shall be equipped with an

emergency stop devices.

l) Description of fabrication, model and

capacity of load shall be attached in the
basket.

m) Shall be available of emergency mechanism

and to remove people trapped in the lift.

n) Emergency alarm should be available in the

lift.

o) Communication devices shall be provided

between operator and other working
personnel.

118.9.5 Crane and Hoist

a) Crane shall be checked every day and shall
be overhauled by a qualified person. The
inspection result shall be recorded.

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b) The equipment shall be furnished with the

latest test certificate.

c) Operator shall be trained, qualified and

above 18 years old.

d) Controlling devices (lever, switch, etc.) shall

be clearly labeled of description.

e) Before carrying out hoist, the load to be

lifted shall only be determined by the
operator.

f) Every jib crane with capacity more than 1

ton shall has safe load indicator checked
every week.

g) Crane shall be set up on solid foundation.

h) Adequate space shall be provided for crane

works.

i) Assistant operator shall be trained to give

signal to operator and to tight the loads
correctly and find out the capacity of crane
hoist.

j) The crane shall be maintain by daily basis.

k) Hoist gear shall be in good condition and

always checked.

118.9.6 Measurement and Payment

All costs for handling and implementing Safety
Management System shall be included in the unit
rate for all works quoted in Bill of Quantities.

119 Environmental Aspect

119.1 Scope
a) This section covers provisions of
handling the environmental impact and
action plan for implementing every civil
work required in the Contract. In many

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aspects, articles from other Section of

this Specification has been taken the
essence and set out here to ensure the
awareness of and compliance with these
provisions.

b) The Contractor shall take all feasible

steps to protect the environmental
(either in or outside the field, including
base camp and other installation under
the control of the Contractor) and limit
the damage and disturbance against
human and property as result of
pollution, noise and other causes of the
operation. The Contractor shall ensure
that the transportation and activities in
material source shall be implemented in
environmentally sound manner.

c) As a way to minimize environmental

disturbance to nearby residents then all
construction activities and
transportation shall be limited in
operation hours as mentioned in the
condition of contracts, unless otherwise
agreed by the Engineer.

d) In order to effectively implement all

Environmental Protection activities
included in this section the Contractor
shall complete column 2 and 3 of
Environmental Mitigation and
Monitoring Plan (EMMP) before or in
the Pre Implementation Meeting and
submit for the approval of the Engineer.
This EMMP shall refer to point (e) under
and also include Appendix 1. This EMMP
shall cover all aspects of
implementation activities in the working
place and all field controlled by the
Contractor.

e) In order to ensure the effective

implementation of all Environmental
Protection activities, the Contractor

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shall complete coloum 4, 5 and 6 of

Environmental Mitigation and
Monitoring Plan per month and submit
for the approval of the Engineer to
identify every paragraph of Clause 120.2
for activities causing loss or negligance
of environmental conditions, details of
activity and the negligance, activities
implemented for reinstatement or
betterment of the negligance. The form
of EMMP recommended shall be
available in Appendix 1.

119.2 Environmental Mitigation Effort

119.2.1 Impact on Water Resource
a) The Contractor shall ensure that impact of
all activities shall not exceed the standard
limits described in the Applicable Law
(first reference of Government Regulation
_____________ regarding Management
of Water Quality and Controlling of Water
Pollution).

b) River or natural waterway in or sided with

the work in this Contract shall not be
disturbed without the approval of the
Engineer.

c) If every excavation of cutting on river base

shall not be able to avoid for
implementation of work as manner, the
Contractor, after completing the work,
refill the excavation to the original
condition of surface or river bed approved
by the Engineer.

d) Material filled out on river area of

foundation or other excavation, or
placement of cofferdam, shall be
removed all after implementation.

e) Waterways shall be relocated to ensure

that the flow shall be bale to pass the
working area without any barrier on every

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level of flood, in which stabilization of

filling or other permanent work in
avoidable shall resist, or partly resist, of
existing waterways.

f) All excavation shall be kept and free of

water and the Contractor shall provide all
materials, equipment and required labor,
to divert the waterway and temporary
waterway making, cut off walls and
cofferdam.

g) Excavation for filling material shall be

forbidden or limited if the excavation shall
disturb all drainages.

h) Every dangerous liquid or dense pollutant,

such as hydraulic oil or lubricating oil, fall
or spill over workplace and environmental
near, base camp, or transportation route
shall be cleaned by the Service Provider in
order to avoid water and soil pollution.
The Engineer shall approve the
completion of cleaning.

i) Adequate way to trap silt in plant

installation shall be provided through
temporary disposal system into
permanent drainage system.

j) Washing of vehicle and equipment of the

Service Provider only may be executed on
particular area designed and equipped
and shall not be allowed for waterway.

119.2.2 Impact on Air Quality

a) The Contractor shall ensure that emission
of all Contractor’s activities including
transportation shall be kept to a minimum
with modern equipment and well
management and maintenance, and
every emission shall not over standard
limit mentioned in the Applicable Law
(refer to Government Regulation

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_____________ regarding Controlling of

Air Pollution)

b) Installation of asphalt plant, stone crusher

and every construction equipment which
not mobile shall be installed as far as
possible from the settlement and other
sensitive area to ensure the minimize of
the disturbance and protest from local
society. The location shall be approved by
the Engineer.

c) Installation of asphalt plant shall be

completed with dust collector furnished
with dry cyclone and wet cyclone atau
filter tube for avoiding dust pollution. If
one of the systems above is out of order
then the installation of asphalt plant
cannot be operated.

d) Truck shall be covered and all cover shall

be tighted.

e) The Contractor shall keep in the working

place adequate water supply for
controlling water level during the placing
and compaction, and shall remove excess
of existing material from the road.

119.2.3 Impact on Noise

The Contractor shall carry out all warnings to
minimize noise and vibration resulted from
construction and transportation, by all vehicles
and equipment, using modern vehicles and
equipment also with well management and
maintenance. The Contractor shall ensure that all
noise and vibration level of the Contractor’s
activities shall be in accordance with Applicable
Law (refer to Ministerial Decree for Environmental
_____________ regarding Standard Level of Noise
and Ministerial Decree for Environmental
_____________ regrading Vibration Level.)

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119.2.4 Impact on Traffic, Adjacent Property and

Utility
a) Provisions in Section _____, regarding
Management and Traffic Safety, shall be
applicable.

b) Ditches excavation or other which cut the

road shall be implemented using half
width of road in manner so that the road
can be kept open for traffic any time.

c) The Contractor shall be responsible for all

effects of traffic and shall forbid this kind
of traffic if necessary by providing
diversion road or implementation of half
road width.

d) All work shall be carried out with

minimum of uncomfortable for road
user and minimum one lane traffic shall
be opened anytime.

e) Any time during the implementation of

Work, the Contractor shall ensure that
pavement, shoulder and sided area in
ROW shall be free from construction
materials, garbage or other release
things which can resist or endanger
freedom and safety traffic. The work
also should be free from illegal parking
lot and trading except those designed
for the purpose.

f) The Contractor shall responsible to obtain

information regarding the existing and
utility underground and to obtain and
pay if necessary for every license
required or other requirement for
diversion or temporary termination.
(Reference : This work shall be
implemented in accordance with
Section 1.18).

g) The Contractor shall responsible to be

careful and protection for every pipe,

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cable, existing underground shell or

other existing structure may be found
and fix every damage to the
underground utility caused by the
operation.

h) All holes on asphaltic pavement and holes

made during the work which have been
completed due to compaction testing or
opposite shall be fixed as soon as
possible after excavating the damage
part, to avoid barrier or danger for
traffic.

i) At anytime during the completion, the

Contractor shall remain road for
entrance way of vehicle and pedestrian
toward to every houses, business area,
industry, etc. Temporary entrance way
shall be provided if the implementation
closer to permanent entrance way for
every period above 16 hours and all
inhabitant and society affected shall be
informed at least in 24 hours for every
impact occurs in entrance way.
119.2.5 Health and Safety of Human
a) Provisions regarding Health and Safety of
Work as stipulated in Section 1.19.

b) The Contractor shall: i) fulfill all applicable

safety regulation (refer to Laws
_____________ regarding Safety of
Work and Laws _____________
regarding Protection of Fire at Work
Location); ii) notice the personnel safety
in the Field; and iii) provide very
Temporary Work (including highway,
pathway, safety an dfence) deemd
necessary, due to the execution of
Work, for advantage and protection for
public and inhabitant of sided area.

c) The Contractor shall carry out elligible

warning to keep health safety of The

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Contractor’s Personnel and shall

appoint an officer of accident
prevention in Field, responsible for
keeping safety and protection against
accident.

d) The Contractor shall always carry out

activity deemed necessary to protect
health and welfare of the Contractor’s
Personnel in Field by ensuring that all
part of working place always maintained
well for the cleanliness and sanitation.

e) Provisions provided in Article 3.1.1.5,

regarding Safety on Excavation Work,
shall be applicable.

f) All dangerous part of construction

equipment and tools such as belt,
pulley, chain, a gear wheel and etc. shall
be protected for safety.

g) Facility for controlling water sanitation

waste material shall be available for
every staff of and laborers and the waste
material shall be collected and thrown
away periodically in accordance with
applicable law (refer to Government
Regulation _____________regarding
Quality Management and Controlling of
Water Pollution, and Laws
_____________ regarding Safety of
Work).

119.2.6 Impact on Flora and Fauna

a) Cutting tree shall be carried out only if
deemed necessary either for widening or
shoulder and determine din particular
and agreed by all parties during field
investigation. Every cutting tree shall be
replaced with two replanting of tree
which is nearly grown up (not young tree)
with the same type or species. (No tree
shall be planted out of ROW). Replanting

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shall be in accordance with Section 8.1

Landscape of this Specification and in
accordance with Pay Item 8.3.3.

b) Within the sensitive area protected

officially, such as National Park, Forestry
Area and all other sensitive area, The
Contractor shall limit the working places,
location of Base Camp, Asphalt Mixing
Plant, Parking lot of vehicles and
construction equipments, Storage area
and etc. to minimize the damage on
natural plants and shall avoid every
damage on land. No base Camp, Asphalt
Mixing Plant, Parking lot of construction
equipments and vehicles, or storage area
allowed only outside of sensitive area.

119.2.7 Impact on Soil

a) The Contractor shall ensure that the soil
surface disturbed by the activities of The
Contractor notwithstanding the limit
stipulated in Applicable Laws (refer to
Government Regulation _____________
regarding Quality Management and
Controlling Water Pollution)

b) During excavation or embankment, in

order to avoid sliding and soil erosion
excavated soil shall not be placed closer
than 2 meters from cutting edge and
filling soil for embankment shall not be
placed closer than 10 meters from edge
of embankment.

119.2.8 Disposal of Pollution

a) Disposal of waste material either solid or
liquid from the construction activity only
applicable if i) in accordance with Article
1.5.3.4. of Section 1.5 Transportation and
Handling as shown below, ii) in
accordance with provisions and license
from responsible agency in Province or
District/City.

61 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

b) If found material that intend to dispos

outside the ROW, The Contractor shall
obtain written permit from the owner of
the land where the disposal material shall
be placed, and the permit shall be copied
to the Enginer with request for execution.

c) If the material to be disposed as the

stipulation mentioned above and the
location of the disposal seen from the road,
The Contractor shall dispose the material
and levelling as manner in order to be
accepted by the Engineer.

119.2.9 Impact on Cultural Heritage

Provisions stipulated in General Conditions
regarding cultural heritage shall be applicable.

119.2.10 Others
a) For every location of taking quarry and
other material sources (whether owned
or not by The Contractor) The Contractor
shall submit the Engineer location of
material sources in detail in accordance
with Article 1.11.1.3 of Section 1.11
Material and Storage. The Contractor also
shall submit the Engineer a route Map of
transportation in accordance with the
Article 1.5.2.1 of Section 1.5
Transportation and Handling which
explain the route to be passed by material
transportation from material source
location. The Engineer may request The
Contractor the statement from regional
government that the location and
operation of material source, and
transportation route for operation
executed in environmentally and
Socially may be accepted in accordance
with national and regional regulations.

62 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

b) All location for taking quarry material

shall have permit and official authority
fully from regional Government.

c) Taking of any construction material in

National Park or other sensitive area
protected officially shall not be allowed.

d) The Contractor shall ensure that Base

Camp operated in accordance with the
environmentally well practice. If its
impact is found to be harmful, The
Contractor shall mitigate that impact and
keep in very minimum level in accordance
with this section and keep local society
shall be free from harmful impact of Base
Camp.

e) In accordance with the sustainable

development practice, every wood
material for sheet pile, wooden pile,
wooden bearing pile, shall be purchased
from authorized dealer (no to accept
from illegal logging). In province, Legal
Document of Forest which stated that the
official validity of material attached in the
purchasing document shall be submitted
to the Engineer.

f) All part of Field shall be reinstatement to

original condition prior to the
commencement of the work.

119.3 Implementation of Environmental

Monitoring and Mitigation (EMMP)
The Contractor shall carry out the
recommendations by National Environment
Protection Agency which are put into the Design
and/or The Specifications in accordance with the
environmental laws of Government of
Afghanistan The complete documents are
available for the Contractor’s information by the
Engineer.

63 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

119.4 Monthly Report

119.4.1 Submittals
The Engineer shall fill column 4, 5, 6 and 7 of
EMMP monthly. If there is no adverse events or
neglecting the environment in any paragraph shall
be listed as nothing reported. The Contractor shall
submit evidence to support his environmental
activities to The Engineer so as the Engineer shall
approve the request of payment. The Engineer will
instruct the Contractor to follow up measures for
mitigation if necessary.

119.4.2 Time
Every Monthly Report of Environmental
Mitigation and Monitoring shall be written at the
end date of the month.

119.5 Method of Measurement

No separate payment will be made for
environmental management operations executed
with this Section of these Specifications. The cost
of this work shall be included in the Unit Price of
all Pay Items included in the Contract, which
prices shall be deemed full compensation for
furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools
and other incidental necessary for the
environmental management.

In case of the Service Provider fails in executing

this work, the Engineer shall have the right to
execute the work as deemed necessary and
charge all the cost of the repairement to the
Service Provider, in which the value of the cost
shall be deducted from every payment paid or
shall be paid to the Service Provider in accordance
with the Contract. The Engineer shall be
responsible in determining the works required to
be repaired and prepare the cost estimation.

64 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

65 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

SECTION 2: EARTHWORKS ‫ کندنکاوری و پرکاری‬:2‫بخش‬

Site Clearance (Clearing and Grubbing) ‫ پاک کاری ساحه ( صاف کاری و‬201
)‫برداشتن‬
Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬201.1
‫ دور‬،‫این فعالیت شامل قطع نمودن‬
This work shall consist of cutting, removing and
‫ساختن و دفع کردن تمام مواد ها از‬
disposing of all materials such as trees, bushes,
،‫ درخچه ها‬،‫ بوته ها‬،‫قبیل درخت ها‬
shrubs, stumps, roots, grass, weeds, top organic
‫ هرزه‬،‫ علف ها‬،‫ ریشه ها‬،‫کنده ها‬
soil not exceeding 150 mm in thickness, rubbish ‫ خاک های عضوی قسمت های باالیی‬،‫گیاه‬
etc., which in the opinion of the Engineer are ‫ ملی متر‬150 ‫که ذخامت آن زیادتر از‬
unsuitable for incorporation in the works, from ‫ در ساحات‬،.‫ زباله ها و غیره‬،‫نباشد‬
the area of road land containing and ‫ جوی های‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫مانند مسیر سرک‬
embankment, drains, cross-drainage structures ‫ زیربنا ها و دیگر ساحات که‬،‫عبوری‬
and such other areas as may be specified on the ‫در نقشه ها ویا توسط انجینیر نشان‬
drawings or by the Engineer. It shall include ‫داده شده میباشد که از نظر انجینیر‬
necessary excavation, back-filling of pits resulting .‫برای پیوستگی کار ها نامناسب باشد‬
from uprooting of trees and stumps to required ‫ پر‬،‫این کار شامل کندنکاری ضروری‬
compaction, handling, salvaging, and disposal of ‫کاری خالیگاه های ایجاد شده در اثر‬
‫بیرون کشیدن ریشه ها و کنده های درخت‬
cleared materials. Clearing and grubbing shall be
،‫ها به میزان تحکیم کاری مورد نیاز‬
performed in advance of earthwork operations
‫ انبار و دفع مواد جمع‬، ‫جا به جایی‬
and in accordance with the requirements of these
‫ پاک کاری و دفع باید قبل‬.‫شده میباشد‬
Specifications. ‫از اجرای عملیات بدنه سازی خاکی و‬
‫مطابق به مقتضیات این طرزالعمل ها‬
.‫باشد‬

Preservation of Property/Amenities ‫ محیط‬/‫ حفاظت دارایی ها‬201.2

‫ انواع‬،‫ گیاه ها‬،‫درخت های کنار جاده‬
Roadside trees, shrubs, any other plants, pole line,
،‫ دیوار ها‬،‫ پایه ها‬،‫دیگر نباتات‬
fences, signs, monuments, buildings, pipelines,
‫ پایپ‬،‫ ساختمان ها‬،‫ مقبره ها‬،‫عالیم‬
sewers and all roadway facilities within or
‫ مجرا های فاضالب و تمام‬،‫الین ها‬
adjacent to the roadway which are not to be ‫تاسیسات در وسط ویا کناره های سرک‬
disturbed shall be protected from injury or ‫که نباید مورد مزاحمت قرار بگیرند‬
damage. The Contractor shall provide and install .‫باید از خساره و ازیت محافظت شوند‬
at his own expense, suitable safeguards approved ‫قرار دادی باید وسایل محافظتی مناسب‬
by the Engineer for this purpose. ‫مرتبط به این موضوع را که تایید شده‬
During clearing and grubbing, the Contractor shall ‫انجینیر باشد به مصارف خود تهیه و‬
take all adequate precautions against soil erosion, .‫نصب نماید‬
water pollution, etc. Before start of operations, ،‫در جریان پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاها‬
the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های الزم‬
approval his work plan including the procedure to ‫ آلوده گی‬،‫را در برابر فرسایش خاک‬
،‫ قبل از شروع کار ها‬.‫ وغیره‬،‫آب‬
be followed for disposal of waste materials, etc.
‫قراردادی پالن کاری خود را از قبیل‬
‫پروسیجر ها برای دفع مواد اضافی و‬
‫غیره را به انجینیر برای تاییدی باید‬
.‫ارایه نماید‬

65 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Methods, Tools and Equipment’s ‫ ابزار و تجهیزات‬،‫ طریقه ها‬201.3

‫ ابزار و تجهیزات برای‬،‫تنها طریقه ها‬
Only such methods, tools and equipment as are
‫کار مورد قبول قرار میگیرد که تایید‬
approved by the Engineer and which will not affect
‫شده انجنیر بوده و خصوصیات را که‬
the property to be preserved shall be adopted for
‫ هرگاه‬.‫باید حفظ گردند متاثر نسازد‬
the work. If the area has thick ‫ ریشه‬/‫ساحه دارای پوشش ضخیم گیاهی‬
vegetation/roots/trees, a crawler or pneumatic ‫ بلدوزرهای تایر‬،‫درخت ها باشد‬/‫ها‬
tired dozer of adequate capacity may be used for ‫زنجیری ویا بادی که ظرفیت الزم را‬
clearance purposes. The dozer shall have ripper ‫دارد به منظور پاک کاری استفاده‬
attachments for removal of tree stumps. All trees, ‫ بلدوزر ها باید دارای ضمایم‬.‫گردد‬
stumps etc. failing within excavation and fill lines ‫چاک دهنده به منظور دور نمودن کنده‬
shall be cut to such depth below ground level that ‫ کنده‬،‫ تمام درخت ها‬.‫های درخت باشد‬
in no case these fall within 500 mm of the ‫ وغیره که توسط کندن کاری شکسته‬،‫ها‬
subgrade. Also all vegetation such as roots, under- ‫می شوند باید از سطح زمین پایین تر‬
growth, grass and other deleterious matter ‫قطع شوند که به هیچ وجهه کمتر از‬
‫ ملی متر عمق از قشر بستر جاده‬500
unsuitable for incorporation in the
‫ همچنان تمام گیاه ها مانند‬.‫نباشد‬
embankment/subgrade shall be removed
‫ سبزه ها و دیگر‬،‫ زیررست ها‬،‫ریشه ها‬
between fill lines to the satisfaction of the
‫مواد مضره که برای پیوستگی امورات‬
Engineer. On areas beyond these limits, trees and ‫بدنه سازی مناسب نیست باید از ساحه‬
stumps required to be removed as directed by the ‫ در‬.‫دور و قناعت انجنیر فراهم گردد‬
Engineer shall be cut down to 1 m below ground ،‫ساحات که خارج از این محدوده است‬
level so that these do not present an unsightly ‫درخت ها و کنده های درخت مطابق به‬
appearance. ‫هدایت انجینر الی یک متر پایین تر‬
All branches of trees extending above the roadway ‫از سطح زمین قطع گردند تا باعث بد‬
shall be trimmed as directed by the Engineer. .‫نما شدن ظاهری ساحه نگردد‬
All excavations below the general ground level ‫تمام شاخچه ها که باالی سرک امتداد‬
arising out of the removal of trees, stumps, etc., ‫یافته است طبق هدایت انجنیر باید قطع‬
shall be filled with suitable material and .‫گردند‬
‫تمام حفریات که به منظور دور نمودن‬
compacted thoroughly so as to make the surface
‫ کنده ها و غیره انجام شده‬،‫درخت ها‬
at these points conform to the surrounding area.
‫ باید مطابق ساحات کناری توسط‬،‫است‬
Ant-hills both above and below the ground, as are
‫مواد مناسب پرکاری گردیده و کامال تپک‬
liable to collapse and obstruct free subsoil water ‫کاری گردد تا نقاط متذکره یکنواخت‬
flow shall be removed and their workings, which .‫گردد‬
may extend to several meters, shall be suitably ‫سوراخ های مورچه در قسمت های باال و‬
treated. ‫پایین زمین که زمینه فروپاشی ویا‬
‫سقوط را فراهم می سازد باید دور‬
‫ساخته شود و فعالیت آنها که ممکن تا‬
‫چندین متر ادامه داشته باشد به شکل‬
.‫درست تحکیم کاری گردد‬

Disposal of Materials ‫ دفع مواد‬201.4

‫تمام مواد که از عملیات پاک کاری و‬
All materials arising from clearing and grubbing
‫برداشتن علف ها تولید میشود ملکیت‬
operations shall be the property of Government
‫دولت بوده و توسط قرار دادی طبق‬
and shall be disposed of by the Contractor as
،‫ شاخه‬،‫ تنه‬.‫هدایت انجنیر دفع گردد‬
hereinafter provided or directed by the Engineer. ‫کنده درخت ها باید از شاخه ها و ریشه‬

66 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Trunks, branches and stumps of trees shall be ‫ همچنان‬.‫ها باید پاک و انبار شوند‬
cleaned of limbs and roots and stacked. Also ‫ سنگ ها و دیگر مواد قابل‬،‫بولدر ها‬
boulders, stones and other materials usable in ‫استفاده در ساخت ساز سرک باید بصورت‬
road construction shall be neatly stacked as .‫منظم طبق هدایت انجنیر انبار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer. Stacking of stumps, ‫ سنگها‬،‫ کنده ها‬،‫انبار کاری بولدر ها‬
boulders, stones etc., shall be done at specified ‫وغیره باید در نقاط مشخص در فواصل‬
.‫ متری صورت گیرد‬5000
spots with all lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m.
‫تمام مواد های تولید شده در اثر پاک‬
All products of clearing and grubbing which, in the
‫کاری که به نظر انجنیر مفید و قابل‬
opinion of the Engineer, cannot be used or
‫استفاده نیست باید طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
auctioned shall be cleared away from the roadside ‫ احتیاط گردد تا‬.‫ار ساحه دور شود‬
in a manner as directed by the Engineer. Care shall ‫مواد اضافی غیر مناسب بصورت مطمین‬
be taken to see that unsuitable waste materials ‫از ساحه دفع گردد تا با مواد که برای‬
are disposed of in such a manner that there is no ‫بدنه سازی سرک استفاده میشود مخلوط‬
likelihood of these getting mixed up with the .‫نگردد‬
materials meant for embankment, subgrade and
road construction.

Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬201.5

‫پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان در ساخت‬
Clearing and grubbing for road construction
‫ آبروها‬،‫و ساز سرک به شمول بدنه سازی‬
including embankment, drains and cross-drainage
‫و ساختمان های آبروها باید به شکل‬
structures shall be measured on area basis in
‫ پاک‬.‫مساحت وار به هکتار اندازه گردد‬
terms of hectares. Clearing and grubbing of ‫کاری و ریشه کنی ساحات قرضه سد خاکی‬
borrow areas shall be deemed to be a part of ‫باید مشمول کارهای بدنه سازی سرک‬
works preparatory to embankment construction ‫باشد و همچنان قیمت آن نیز مشمول‬
and shall be deemed to have been included in the ‫بدنه سازی سرک بوده و به آن جداگانه‬
rates quoted for the embankment construction ‫ قطع نمودن درخت ها‬.‫پرداخت نمی شود‬
item and no separate payment shall be made for ‫ ملی متر به شمول دور‬300 ‫به قطر الی‬
the same. Cutting of trees up to 300 mm in girth ‫ ریشه ها و قطع کردن‬،‫نمودن کنده ها‬
including removal of stumps and roots, and ‫شاخه ها که باالی سرک امتداد یافته‬
trimming of branches of trees extending above the ‫است الزامی بوده و شامل عملیات پاک‬
roadway shall be considered incidental to the .‫کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان می شود‬
‫انتقال کنده های که در اثر قطع نمودن‬
clearing and grubbing operations. Removal of
‫درخت ها توسط ارگان های دیگر صورت‬
stumps left over after trees have been cut by any
‫گرفته است نیز الزامی بوده و شامل‬
other agency shall also be considered incidental to
‫عملیات پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان‬
the clearing and grubbing operations.
. ‫میشود‬
Cutting, including removal of stumps and roots of ‫قطع کاری درخت ها به شمول انتقال‬
trees of girth above 300 mm and back-filling to ‫کنده ها و ریشه های که قطر آن اضافه‬
required compaction shall be measured in terms ‫ ملی متر باشد و همچنان پرکاری‬300 ‫از‬
of numbers. ‫دوباره خاک به میزان تپک کاری مورد‬
‫ضرورت باید شکل ارقام عددی محاسبه‬
201 (1) Clearing and Grubbing ha . ‫گردد‬
201 (2) Cutting of Trees nos
‫) پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان‬1( 201
ha

67 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫) قطع نمودن درخت ها‬2( 201

nos

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬201.6

‫) نرخ در فی واحد قرار داد برای‬1(
(1) The Contract unit rates for the various
‫اقالم مختلف پاک کاری باید‬
items of clearing and grubbing shall be the
‫پرداخت در انجام تمام عملیات‬
payment in full for carrying out the
‫به شمول پاداش برای تمام‬
required operations including full ‫ وسایل‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫کارمندان‬
compensation for all labors, materials, ‫و ضروریات الزمی برای انجام کار‬
tools, equipment and incidentals ‫ همچنان این شامل انتقال‬.‫باشد‬
necessary to complete the work. These ‫کنده درخت های که قطر آن کمتر‬
will also include removal of stumps of ‫ ملی متر بوده ویا کنده‬300 ‫از‬
trees less than 300 mm in girth as well as ‫های که بعد از قطع شدی درخت ها‬
stumps left over after cutting of trees ‫توسط ارگان های دیگر در ساحه‬
carried out by another agency, excavation ‫ پر‬،‫باقی مانده است کندنکاری‬
and back-filling to required density, where ،‫کاری دوباره به کثافت الزمی‬
necessary and handling, salvaging, piling ‫ستون‬ ،‫انبارکاری‬ ،‫دستکاری‬
‫بندی و دفع مواد ترخیص شده‬
and disposing of the cleared materials
. ‫باشد‬
with all lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m.

(2) The contract unit rates for cutting

(including removal of stumps and roots) of
trees of girth above 300 mm shall include ‫) نرخ فی واحد قرار داد برای قطع‬2(
excavation and back-filling to required ‫نمودن درخت ها( به شمول انتقال‬
compaction, handling salvaging, piling and ‫کنده ها و ریشه ها) که قطر آن‬
disposing of the cleared materials with all ‫ ملی متر باشد‬300 ‫زیادتر از‬
lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m. ‫ پرکاری به‬،‫باید شامل کندنکاری‬
‫ جا به‬،‫میزان تپک کاری الزم‬
‫ ستون بندی‬،‫ انبار کاری‬،‫جایی‬
(3) Where a Contract does not include
. ‫و انتقال مواد اضافی باشد‬
separate items of clearing and grubbing,
the same shall be considered incidental to ‫) در صورتیکه اقالم مجزای پاک‬3(
the earthwork items and the Contract unit ‫ باید‬،‫کاری شامل قرارداد نباشد‬
rates for the same shall be considered as ‫عین موضوع برای اقالم بدنه سازی‬
including clearing and grubbing ‫در نظر گرفته شود و نرخ فی‬
operations. ‫واحد قرارداد همانند امور پاک‬
.‫کاری در نظر گرفته شود‬

Removal of Structures and Obstructions ‫ برداشتن ساختمان ها و موانع‬202

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬202.1
‫این کار شامل انتقال مواد و برطرف‬
This work shall consist of removing, as hereinafter
،‫ فرش جاده‬،‫ پل ها‬،‫نمودن پلچک ها‬
set forth, existing culverts, bridges, pavements,
‫جدول و دیگر ساختمان ها مانند‬
curbs and other structures like guard-rails, fences,
،‫ خدماتی‬،‫ تاسیسات‬،‫ دیوارها‬،‫گاردریل‬
utility services, manholes, catch basins, inlets, etc., ‫ دهانه‬،‫ حوذه های آب گیر‬،‫منحول ها‬

68 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

which are in place but interfere with the new ‫ها و غیره ک باعث مداخله در ساختمان‬
construction or are not suitable to remain in place, ‫جدید شده ویا موقیعت های آنها مناسب‬
and of salvaging and disposing of the resulting ‫ جا به جایی و انتقال این مواد‬،‫نبوده‬
materials and back filling the resulting trenches ‫وپرکاری دوباره خالیگاه های بوجود‬
and pits. . ‫آمده درین کارها باشد‬
Existing culverts, bridges, pavements and other ‫ فرش جاده‬،‫ پل ها‬،‫پلچک های موجوده‬
‫ها و دیگر ساختمان ها که در مسیر‬
structures which are within the right-of-way and
‫سرک قرار دارند و ایجاب دور نمودن‬
which are designated for removal, shall be
‫ باید مطابق به محدوده‬،‫را مینماید‬
removed up to the limits and extent specified in
‫های که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده‬
the drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. ‫ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر دور شده‬
Dismantling and removal operations shall be .‫و انتقال گردد‬
carried out with such equipment and in such a ‫عملیات دور سازی و تخریب باید توسط‬
manner as to leave undisturbed, adjacent ‫طریقه ها و وسایل صورت بگیرد که فرش‬
pavement, structures and any other work to be ‫ ساختمان ها و دیگر کارهای که‬،‫جاده‬
left in place. ‫نباید در جریان ساخت ساز آسیب ببیند‬
All operations necessary for the removal of any .‫متضرر نگردند‬
existing structure which might endanger new ‫تمام عملیات ضروری برای دورسازی ویا‬
construction shall be completed prior to the start ‫انتقال ساختمان های موجوده که‬
of new work. ‫ساختمان جدید را در مخاطره می اندازد‬
‫باید قبل از شروع کار جدید انجام‬
.‫شود‬

Dismantling Culverts and Bridges ‫ تخریب پلچک ها وپل ها‬202.2

‫ساختمان ها باید با احتیاط انتقال‬
The structures shall be dismantled carefully and
‫گردند و مواد مخربه آن قسمی انتقال‬
the resulting materials so removed as not to cause
،‫گردد که سبب تخریب مواد انبار شده‬
any damage to the serviceable materials to be
‫قسمت های ساختمان که باید حفظ شوند‬
salvaged, the part of the structure to be retained ‫و دیگر ساختمان های که در مجاورت آن‬
and any other properties or structures nearby. .‫قرار دارد نگردد‬
Unless otherwise specified, the superstructure ‫ پل ها باید کامال‬/‫رو بناهای پلچک ها‬
portion of culverts/bridges shall be entirely ‫انتقال گردند و قسمت های دیگر باید‬
removed and other parts removed below the ‫پایین تر از سطح زمین و به اندازه‬
ground level or as necessary depending upon the ‫میزان مداخله ان به ساختمان های جدید‬
interference they cause to the new construction. ‫ انتقال مواد پوششی و‬.‫برطرف گردند‬
Removal of overlying or adjacent material, if ‫مواد های اضافی که در اطراف ساختمان‬
required in connection with the dismantling of the ‫های که قرار است تخریب گردند شامل‬
structures, shall be incidental to this item. ‫ در ساحات که پل‬.‫این موضوع میباشد‬
‫ پلچک های موجوده طبق پالن وسعت‬/‫ها‬
Where existing culverts/bridges are to be
‫پیدا میکنند ویا با ساختمان های جدید‬
extended or otherwise incorporated in the new
‫ تنها قسمت های مورد‬،‫هماهنگ میگردند‬
work, only such part or parts of the existing
‫نیاز ویا طبق هدایت انجنیز تخریب‬
structure shall be removed as are necessary and ‫گردند که در نتیجه یک ارتباط مناسب‬
directed by the Engineer to provide a proper .‫با ساختمان های جدید ایجاد گردد‬
connection to the new work. The connecting ‫کنارهای وصلی باید مطابق به خطوط و‬
edges shall be cut, chipped and trimmed to the ‫ بریده و‬،‫درجات مورد نیاز طوری قطع‬
required lines and grades without weakening or ‫تراشیده شود که باعث تضعیف و تخریب‬
damaging any part of the structure to be retained. ‫هیچ یک از قسمت های که قرار است حفظ‬

69 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Due care should be taken to ensure that ‫ دقت کامل باید در نظر‬.‫شوند نگردد‬
reinforcing bars which are to be left in place so as ‫گرفته شود تا در جریان تخریب‬
to project into the new work as dowels or ties are dowel ‫ سیخ های که منحیث‬،‫کانکریت‬
not injured during removal of concrete. ‫ گذاشته میشوند تا در کانکریت‬Tie ‫و‬
Pipe culverts shall be carefully removed in such a .‫جدید جا به جا گردد تخریب نگردد‬
‫پایپ کلورت ها باید با دقت و طوری‬
manner as to avoid damage to the pipes.
‫انتقال داده شود که از صدمه رسیدن‬
Steel structures shall, unless otherwise provided,
.‫به پایپ ها جلوگیری شود‬
be carefully dismantled in such a manner as to ‫ مگر اینکه‬،‫ساختمان های فلزی باید‬
avoid damage to members thereof if specified in ‫ با احتیاط و طوری دور‬،‫تهیه شده باشد‬
the drawings or directed by the Engineer that the ‫ساخته شوند که از صدمه رسیدن به‬
structure is to be removed in a conditions suitable ‫ هرگاه در‬.‫اجزای آن جلو گیری گردد‬
for re-erection, all members shall be match- ‫نقشه ها ویا هدایات انجنیر مشخص شده‬
marked by the Contractor with white lead paint ‫باشد که ساختمان ها باید به صورت‬
before dismantling; end pins, nuts, loose plates, ،‫مناسب برای نصب دوباره انتقال گردد‬
etc., shall be similarly marked to indicate their ‫قبل از‬ ‫درین صورت تمام اجزای آن‬
proper location; all pins, pin holes and machined ‫عملیه بیجا سازی توسط قراردادی به‬
surfaces shall be painted with a mixture of white ،‫ های انجامی‬Pin ‫رنگ سفید نشانی شود‬
‫نت ها و سطوح ماشین شده باید توسط‬ َ
lead and tallow and all loose parts shall be securely
‫مخلوط سفید سربی و شمعی رنگ گردند و‬
wired to adjacent members or packed in boxes.
‫همچنان تمام قسمت های سست باید به‬
Timber structures shall be removed in such a
‫اجزای مجاور آن محکم شده ویا در یک‬
manner as to avoid damage to such timber or .‫قطی جا به جا گردند‬
lumber as is designated by the Engineer to be ‫ساختمان های تیرهای چوبی باید طوری‬
salvaged. ‫بیجا گردند که از صدمه رسیدن به تیر‬
‫های که به نظر انجنیر باید ذخیره‬
.‫گردند جلو گیری شود‬
Dismantling Pavements and Other (Pavements) ‫ تخریب فرش ها‬202.3
‫و دیگر ساختمان ها‬
Structures
‫ جدول‬،‫در بیجا نمودن فرش های جاده‬
In removing pavements, curbs, gutters, and other ‫ ناودان ها و دیگر ساختمان ها‬،‫ها‬
structures like guard-rails, fences, manholes, catch ،‫ منحول ها‬،‫ دیوار ها‬،‫مانند کتاره ها‬
basins, inlets, etc., where portions of the existing ‫ دهانه ها وغیره باید‬،‫حوذه های آبگیر‬
construction are to be left in the finished work, the .‫از قسمت های درز ها صورت بگیرد‬
same shall be removed to an existing joint or cut ‫تامین‬ ‫برای‬ ‫کافی‬ ‫تخریبات‬
and chipped to a true line with a face ‫(مناسب و پیوستگی همرای‬Grade) ‫درجات‬
perpendicular to the surface of the existing ‫کارهای جدید طبق هدایت انجنیر انجام‬
structure. Sufficient removal shall be made to .‫گردد‬
provide for proper grades and connections with ‫ بیس کورس در‬،‫تمام فرش های کانکریتی‬
the new work as directed by the Engineer. ‫وسط و کنار های سرک وغیره که نیاز‬
‫ باید به قسمت‬،‫است تا انتقال گردند‬
All concrete pavements, base course in
0.02 ‫های کوچک که حجم آن بیشتر از‬
carriageway and shoulders etc. designated for
‫متر مکعب نباشد تقسیم گردیده و در‬
removal shall be broken to pieces whose volume
‫مکان تعیین شده ذخیره ویا طبق هدایت‬
shall not exceed 0.02 cum and stockpiled at .‫انجنیر دفع گردد‬
designated locations if the material is to be used
later or otherwise arranged for disposal as
directed (see Clause 202.5).

70 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Back-filling ‫ پرکاری‬202.4
‫سوراخ ها و فرو رفتگی های که در اثر‬
Holes and depressions caused by dismantling
‫عملیات کندنکاری بوجود آمده است‬
operations shall be back-filled with excavated or
‫باید توسط مواد کندنکاری شده ویا‬
other approved materials and compacted to
‫مواد تایید شده طبق هدایت انجینیر‬
required density as directed by the Engineer. ‫به میزان مورد نیاز تپک شده و پرکاری‬
.‫گردد‬
Disposal of Materials ‫ دفع مواد‬202.5
‫تمام مواد که در اثرعملیات تجزیه‬
All materials obtained by dismantling shall be the
.‫سازی بدست میاید ملکیت دولت می باشد‬
property of the Government. Unless otherwise
‫ مواد‬،‫مگر اینکه مشخص گردیده باشد‬
specified, materials having any salvage value shall
‫های که ارزش استفاده مجدد را دارند‬
be placed in neat stacks of like materials within the ‫باید انبار گردند تا مطابق به هدایت‬
right-of-way, as directed by the Engineer with all .‫انجنیر در حدود سرک استفاده شود‬
lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m. ‫پایپ کلورت های بیجا شده باید پاک‬
Pipe culverts that are removed shall be cleaned ‫کاری گردیده و به شکل مرتب در نقاط‬
and neatly piled on the right-of-way at points ‫که توسط انجنیر در حدود سرک تعین‬
designated by the Engineer with all lifts and lead .‫گردیده است جا به جا گردد‬
up to 5000 m. ‫فوالد های ساختمانی جدا شده از‬
Structural steel removed from old structures shall, ‫ مگر اینکه‬،‫ساختمان های قبلی باید‬
unless otherwise specified or directed, be stored ‫ به شکل مرتب و‬،‫مشخص گردیده باشد‬
in a neat and presentable manner on blocks in ‫قابل دید در بالک ها و موقعیت های که‬
locations suitable for loading. Structures or ‫برای ذخیره سازی مناسب باشد ذخیره‬
portions thereof which are specified in the ‫ ساختمان ها و قسمت های که در‬.‫گردند‬
‫قرارداد برای استفاده مجدد مشخص‬
contract for re-erection shall be stored in separate
‫ باید در ستون های مجزا‬،‫گردیده اند‬
piles.
.‫ذخیره گردد‬
Timber or lumber from old structures which is
‫تیرهای چوبی و تخته های ساختمان های‬
designated by the Engineer as materials to be
‫قبلی که تو سط انجنیر منحیث مواد‬
salvaged shall have all nails and bolts removed ‫مفیده تشخیص داده شده است باید تمام‬
therefrom and shall be stored in neat piles in ‫میخ ها و بولت ها از آن بیرون کشیده‬
locations suitable for loading. ‫شده و به شکل مرتب در مکان مناسب‬
All materials obtained from dismantling .‫بارگزاری و ذخیره گردد‬
operations which, in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫تمام مواد که از عملیات تجزیه سازی‬
cannot be used or auctioned shall be disposed of ‫بدست آمده و به نظر انجینر قابل‬
as directed by the Engineer with all lifts and up to ‫ باید طبق‬،‫مزایده و استفاده نباشد‬
a lead of 10 km. .‫هدایت انجنیر دفع گردد‬

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬202.6

‫کار های تجزیه سازی ساختمان ها باید‬
The work of dismantling structures shall be paid
‫به واحدات آتی الذکر قبل و بعد‬
for in units indicated below by taking
‫ازعملیه تجزیه سازی اندازه گیری و‬
measurements before and after, as applicable:
.‫پراخت گردد‬
/‫) تجزیه سازی خشت کاری‬1( 202
202 (1) Dismantling brick/stone masonry/
‫کانکریتی‬ ‫های‬ ‫ساختمان‬ /‫سنکاری‬
concrete structures cum ‫متر‬
202 (2) Dismantling flexible and cement concrete ‫مکعب‬
pavement cum

71 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

202 (3) Dismantling steel structures ton ‫) تجزیه سازی سرک اسفالت و سرک‬2( 202
202 (4) Dismantling timber structures cum ‫سمنت کانکریت‬
202 (5) Dismantling drainage ditches, gutters and ‫متر مکعب‬
pipes Lin. m ‫) تجزیه سازی ساختمان های‬3( 202
202 (6) Dismantling guardrails, barriers and ُ ‫فوالدیش‬
‫تن‬
fencing Lin. m ‫) تجزیه سازی ساختمان های‬4( 202
202 (7) Dismantling street light nos. ‫متر مکعب‬ ‫چوبی‬
202 (8) Dismantling utility services nos. ‫ آبرو‬،‫) تجزیه سازی جویچه ها‬5( 202
‫ها و پایپ ها‬
‫الین متر‬
‫ سیم های‬،‫) تجزیه سازی جدول ها‬6( 202
‫ سد ها و دیوار ها‬،‫حفاظتی‬
‫الین متر‬
‫) تجزیه سازی چراغ های سرک‬7( 202
nos.
‫) تجزیه سازی تاسیسات خدماتی‬8( 202
nos.

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬202.7

‫قیمت فی واحد مندرج در قرارداد برای‬
The Contract unit rates for the various items of
‫اقالم مختلفِ تجزیه سازی برای انجام‬
dismantling shall be paid in full for carrying out the
‫عملیات مورد نیاز شامل پرداخت برای‬
required operations including full compensation
،‫وسایل‬ ،‫مواد‬ ،‫کارگران‬ ‫تمام‬
for all labor, materials, tools, equipment, ِ‫ موضوعات حفاظتی و ضروریات‬،‫تجهیزات‬
safeguards and incidentals necessary to complete .‫واجبی برای تکمیل کار پراخته میشود‬
the work. These will also include excavation and ‫همچنان این موضوع شامل کندن کاری و‬
back-filling where necessary to the required ‫پرکاری به میزان تپک کاری مورد نیاز‬
compaction and for handling, salvaging, piling and ‫ ستون‬،‫ انبار کاری‬،‫برای جا به جایی‬
disposing of the dismantled materials within all .‫بندی و دفع مواد تجزیه شده میباشد‬
lifts and up to a lead of 10 km.

Road Excavation ‫کندنکاری سرک‬ 203

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬203.1
‫ انتقال و دفع‬،‫این کار شامل کندنکاری‬
The work shall consist of excavation, removal and
‫ِ تمام مواد های مورد نیاز‬ ‫قابل قبول‬
satisfactory disposal of all materials necessary for
‫ جوی های کناری‬،‫برای ساخت و ساز سرک‬
the construction of roadway, side drains and
‫و آبروها در مطابقت با مقتضیات این‬
waterways in accordance with requirements of ‫ مراتبه ها و مقاطع‬،‫طرزالعمل و خطوط‬
these Specifications and the lines, grades and ‫که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
cross-sections shown in the drawings or as .‫ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر میباشد‬
indicated by the Engineer. It shall include the ‫این کار شامل انتقاالت و انبار سازی‬
hauling and stacking of or hauling to sites of ‫ویا انتقاالت به ساحات ساخت و ساز‬
ِ
embankment and sub grade construction, suitable ‫( و بستر جاده‬Embankment) ‫خاکریزها‬
cut materials as required, as also the disposal of ،‫ خاک برداری مورد نیاز‬،(Subgrade)
unsuitable cut materials in specified manner, ‫دفع مواد نا مناسبِ تراش شده به طریقه‬
trimming and finishing of the road to specified ‫ قطع نمودن زاییده ها‬،‫های مشخص شده‬
dimensions or as directed by the Engineer. ‫و تکمیل نمودن سرک به اندازه های‬

72 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫تعین شده ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر‬

.‫میباشد‬
Classification of Excavated Material ‫ طبقه بندی مواد کندنکاری‬203.2
‫شده‬
203.2.1 Classification ‫ طبقه بندی‬203.2.1
All materials involved in excavation shall be ‫تمام مواد کندنکاری شده به ترتیب ذیل‬
classified by the Engineer in the following manner: :‫توسط انجنیر طبقه بندی گردد‬

(1) Soil
This shall comprise topsoil, turf, sand, silt, loam, ‫(خاک‬1)
clay, mud, peat, black cotton soil, soft shale or ‫ خاک‬،‫این بخش در بر گیرنده خاک سطحی‬
loose moorum, a mixture of these and similar ،‫ مد‬،‫ گل‬،‫ خاک رس‬،‫ سیلت‬،‫ ریگ‬،‫چمنی‬
material which yields to the ordinary digging ‫ سنگ‬،‫ خاک سیاه پنبه یی‬،‫خاک نباتی‬
implement. Removal of gravel or any other ‫ ترکیب از اینها و مواد های‬،‫رسی‬
nodular material having dimension in any one ،‫مشابه که با استعمال معمولی کلنگ‬
direction not exceeding 75mm occurring in such ‫ چنگال ویا دیگر اسباب معمولی‬،‫بیل‬
strata shall be deemed to be covered under this ‫ برطرف نمودن جفل ویا‬.‫برداشته شود‬
‫مواد های کروی دیگر که ابعاد آن به‬
category.
‫ ملی متر‬75 ‫یکی از مسیر ها بزرگتر از‬
.‫نباشد نیز شامل این کتگوری میباشد‬
(2) Ordinary Rock (not requiring blasting)
This shall include:
‫انفجار‬ ‫نیازمند‬ (‫) سنگ معمولی‬2(
(i) rock types such as laterites, shale and
)‫نباشد‬
conglomerates, varieties of limestone and
:‫این شامل مواد های ذیل است‬
sandstone etc., which may be quarried or
،‫) انواع سنگ ها مانند سنگ سرخ‬i(
split with crow bars, also including any rock
‫ انواع سنگ‬،‫ جوش سنگ‬،‫سنگ رست‬
which in dry state may be hard, requiring ‫ میباشد‬.‫آهک و سنگ ریگی و غیره‬
blasting but which, when wet, becomes soft ‫که بواسطه جبل قابلیت شق شدن‬
and manageable by means other than ‫ همچنان این بخش شامل‬.‫را دارند‬
blasting. ‫سنگ های میشود که در حالت خشک‬
‫ممکن سخت بوده و نیاز مند‬
(ii) Macadam surfaces such as water bound ‫ اما‬،‫انفجار برای شق شدن اند‬
and bitumen/tar bound; soling of roads, ‫هرگاه مرطوب گردند نرم شده و‬
paths etc. and hard core; compact moorum ‫به طریقه های دیگر قابل شکستن‬
or stabilized soil requiring grafting tool or .‫اند‬
pick or both and shovel, closely applied;
gravel and cobble stone having maximum water bound ‫) سطوح سنگ فرش مانند‬ii(
dimension in any one direction between ‫ قسمت های پایینی‬bitumen bound : ‫و‬
75mm and 300mm; .‫سرک ها مسیر ها و غیره‬

(iii) Lime concrete, stone masonry in lime ‫ سنگ کاری در‬،‫) کانکریت آهکی‬iii(
‫مصاله آهکی و خشت کاری در‬
mortar and brick work in lime/cement
‫ سمنت پایین تر از‬/‫مصاله آهکی‬
mortar below ground level, reinforced
.‫سطح زمین‬
cement concrete which may be broken up
with crow bars or picks and stone masonry
in cement mortar below ground level; and

73 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

(iv) Boulders which do not require blasting ‫) بولدر های که نیاز به انفجار‬iv(
having maximum dimension in any 300 ‫ندارد با بزرگترین ابعاد‬
direction of more than 300mm, found lying .‫ملی متر در هر مسیر‬
loose on the surface or embedded in river
bed, soil, talus, slope wash and terrace ‫) صخره های سخت ( نیاز به انفجار‬3(
material of dissimilar origin. )‫دارد‬
:‫این مشتمل بر‬
(3) Hard Rock (requiring blasting) ‫) هر خاک و سمنت کانکریت برای‬i(
This shall comprise: ‫کندنکاری که استفاده دستگاه‬
(i) any rock or cement concrete for the ‫میخانیکی و انفجار را نیاز‬
excavation of which the use of mechanical .‫دارد‬
plant and/or blasting is required;
‫) آهن کانکریت پایین از سطح زمین‬ii(
(ii) reinforced cement concrete
‫) بولدر ها که به انفجار نیازمند‬iii(
(reinforcement cut through but not
.‫هستند‬
separated from the concrete) below
ground level; and
‫) صخره های سخت که انفجار آن ممنوع‬4(
‫است‬
(iii) Boulders requiring blasting.
‫صخره های سخت که نیاز به انفجار‬
‫ اما‬،‫) ذکر گردید‬3( ‫ قسمیکه در‬،‫دارند‬
(4) Hard Rock (blasting prohibited) ‫بنا بر بعضی دالیل منفجر ساختن آن‬
Hard rock requiring blasting as described under (3) ‫ممنوع باشد درین صورت باید از‬
but where blasting is prohibited for any reason ‫ تیغه ها ویا‬،‫حفرکاری توسط فانه ها‬
and excavation has to be carried out by chiseling, ‫یکی دیگر از طریقه های تایید شده کار‬
wedging or any other agreed method. .‫گرفته شود‬
‫) خاک های باتالقی‬5(
(5) Marshy Soil ‫این خاک شامل خاک رس و خاک نباتی که‬
This shall include soils like soft clays and peat ‫پایین تر از سطح زمین در اثر‬
excavated below the original ground level of ‫کندنکاری باتالق ها و دیگر ساحات که‬
marshes and swamps and soils excavated from .‫پمپینگ های متداوم دارند میباشد‬
other areas requiring continuous pumping or
bailing out of water.

203.2.2 Authority for Classification ‫ صالحیت برای طبقه بندی‬203.2.2

The classification of excavation shall be decided by ‫طبقه بندی حفر کاری باید توسط انجنیر‬
the Engineer and his decision shall be final and ‫تصمیم گرفته شود و فیصله وی نهایی‬
.‫بوده و باالی قراردادی نافذ می باشد‬
binding on the Contractor. Merely the use of
‫مواد انفجاری در حفرکاری به منظور‬
explosives in excavation will not be considered as
‫طبقه بندی مواد نباید مورد استفاده‬
a reason for higher classification unless blasting is
‫قرار بگیرد مگر اینکه انفجار به گونه‬
clearly necessary in the opinion of the Engineer. ‫واضح از طرف انجنیر یک نیاز پنداشته‬
.‫شده باشد‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬203.3

203.3.1 Setting Out 203.1Sitting Out

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After the site has been cleared as per Clause 201, ‫بعد از این که ساحه مطابق به ماده‬
the limits of excavation shall be set out true to ‫ حدود حفرکاری‬،‫ پاک کاری گردید‬201
lines, curves, slopes, grades and sections as shown ،‫ منحنی ها‬،‫باید درست در مسیر خطوط‬
on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫ درجات و مقطع ها مطابق به‬،‫میل ها‬
The Contractor shall provide all labor, survey ‫نقشه ها ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر تنظیم‬
‫تمام‬ ‫باید‬ ‫دادی‬ ‫قرار‬ .‫گردند‬
instruments and materials such as strings, pegs,
‫ وسایل سروی ومواد از قبیل‬،‫کارگران‬
nails, bamboos, stones, lime, mortar, concrete,
‫ تیر‬،‫ میخ ها‬،‫ میخ های چوبی‬،‫ریسمان‬
etc., required in connection with the setting out of ،‫ مصاله‬،‫ گچ‬،‫ سنگ ها‬،‫های چوبی‬
works and the establishment of bench marks. The ‫کانکریت وغیره را که به منظور تنظیم‬
Contractor shall be responsible for the ،‫ ها ضروری است‬Benchmark ‫کار و تاسیس‬
maintenance of bench marks and other marks and ‫ قراردادی مسول مراقبت‬.‫تهیه نماید‬
stakes as long as in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫ها و دیگر نشانی ها و‬Bench Mark
they are required for the work. ‫همچمنان محکم کاری آنها که برای کار‬
.‫الزمی است میباشد‬

203.3.2 Stripping and storing topsoil ‫ الیه برداری و ذخیره سازی‬203.3.2

When so directed by the Engineer, the topsoil ‫خاک سطحی‬
existing over the sites of excavation shall be ‫ خاک سطحی‬،‫مطابق به هدایت انجنیر‬
‫موجوده در ساحۀ خاک برداری باید به‬
stripped to the specified depths and stockpiled at
‫یک عمق معینه الیه برداری شده و به‬
designated locations for re-use in covering
ِ‫منظوراستفاده دوباره برای پوششِ شیب‬
embankment slopes, cut slopes, berms and other
‫ سکوها و‬،‫ شیب های قطع شده‬،‫پشته ها‬
disturbed areas where re-vegetation is desired. ‫ِ سبز‬‫دیگر ساحات آسیب دیده که نیازمند‬
Prior to stripping the topsoil, all trees, shrubs etc. ‫کاری مجدد اند در مکان های تعین شده‬
shall be removed along with their roots, with ‫ قبل از الیه برداری خاک‬.‫انبار گردد‬
approval of the Engineer. ‫ بته ها و غیره‬،‫ تمام درخت ها‬،‫سطحی‬
‫به شمول ریشه های شان با تایید‬
.‫انجنیر انتقال داده شود‬
203.3.3 Excavation – General ‫ عمومیات‬-‫ حفر کاری‬203.3.3
All excavation shall be carried out in conformity ‫تمام حفرکاری باید در مطابقت با‬
with the directions laid here-in-under and in a ‫رهنمود های که در پایین ذکر می گردد‬
‫ویا به طریقه که تایید شده انجنیر‬
manner approved by the Engineer. The work shall
‫ کار طوری اجرا گردد‬.‫است انجام یابد‬
be so done that the suitable materials available
‫که مواد مناسبِ قابل دسترس از حفرکاری‬
from excavation are satisfactorily utilized as
‫بصورت قناعت بخش و آنگونه که قبال‬
decided upon beforehand. ‫باالی آن تصمیم اخذ گردیده است‬
While planning or executing excavations, the .‫استفاده شود‬
Contractor shall take all adequate precautions ‫در جریان برنامه ریزی ویا اجرای‬
against soil erosion, water pollution etc., and take ‫تمام‬ ‫باید‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ،‫حفرکاری‬
appropriate drainage measures to keep the site ‫پیشگیری های مناسب را به منظور جلو‬
free of water. ‫ آلودگی آب و‬،‫گیری از فرسایش خاک‬
The excavations shall conform to the lines, grades, ‫ و همچنان‬.‫غیره را اتخاذ نماید‬
side slopes and levels shown on the drawings or as ‫محاسبات دقیق و مناسب زاهکشی را به‬
directed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall not ‫منظور دور نمودن آب از ساحه روی دست‬
excavate outside the limits of excavation. Subject .‫بگیرد‬

75 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

to the permitted tolerances, any excess ،‫حفریات باید در مطابقت با خطوط‬

depth/width excavated beyond the specified ‫ شیب های جانبی و سطوح که در‬،‫درجات‬
levels/dimensions on the drawings shall be made ‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده ویا طبق هدایت‬
good at the cost of the Contractor with suitable ‫ قراردادی نباید خارج‬.‫انجنیر باشد‬
material of characteristics similar to that removed .‫از محدوده تعین شده حفرکاری نماید‬
‫هر نوع حفرکاری خارج از سطوح و ابعاد‬
and compacted to the requirements in the
‫مشخص شده در نقشه ها باید به مصارف‬
relevant clause in the Specification.
‫قرار دادی و با مواد مناسب که مشخصات‬
All debris and loose material on the slopes of ‫آن مشابه به خاک بی جا شده قبلی باشد‬
cuttings shall be removed. No backfilling shall be ‫ مواد مورد نظر باید‬.‫آماده گردد‬
allowed to obtain required slopes excepting that ‫مطابق به مقتضیات و شروط که در ماده‬
when boulders or soft materials are encountered ‫های مربوطه این طرزالعمل ذکر گردیده‬
in cut slopes, these shall be excavated to approved .‫ تپک گردد‬،‫است‬
depth on instructions of the Engineer and the ‫تمام واریزه ها و مواد سُست در میل‬
resulting cavities filled with suitable material and ‫ هیچ‬.‫های قطع شده باید انتقال گردد‬
thoroughly compacted in an approved manner. ‫نوع پر کاری برای ایجاد میل ها مجاز‬
After excavation, the sides of excavated area shall ‫نمی باشد مگر اینکه بولدر ها ویا‬
be trimmed and the area contoured to minimize ‫مواد نرمه در میل های قطع شده محکم‬
erosion and ponding, allowing for natural drainage ‫ حفریات برای این کار باید به‬،‫گردد‬
to take place. If trees were removed, new trees ‫عمق تایید شده ویا مطابق نظر انجنیر‬
‫تعین گردد و سوراخ های بوجود آمده‬
shall be planted, as directed by the Engineer. The
‫باید توسط مواد مناسب و طریقه مناسب‬
cost of planting new trees shall be deemed to be
.‫پر کاری و تپک کاری گردد‬
incidental to the work.
‫ کناره های ساحات‬،‫بعد از حفریات‬
‫حفرکاری شده باید قطع گردند و ساحه‬
‫طوری هموار کاری گردد که فرسایش و‬
‫حوض شدن آن به حد اقل برسد تا شرایط‬
‫ هرگاه‬.‫برای زهکشی طبیعی مساعد گردد‬
‫ درخت‬،‫درخت ها انتقال گردیده بودند‬
‫های جدید باید طبق هدایت انجنیر غرس‬
‫ مصارف نهال شانی جدید باید به‬.‫گردد‬
.‫شکل واجبی در کار شامل شود‬
203.3.4 Methods, tools and Equipment ‫ وسایل و تجهیزات‬،‫ طریقه ها‬203.3.4
Only such methods, tools and equipment as ‫ وسایل و تجهزاتی برای‬،‫تنها طریقه ها‬
approved by the Engineer shall be adopted/used ‫استفاده است که تایید‬/‫کار قابل قبول‬
‫ طبق در خواست‬.‫شده انجنیر باشد‬
in the work. If so desired by the Engineer, the
‫ قراردادی باید سودمندی‬،‫انجنیر‬
Contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of
‫انواع تجهیزات قابل استفاده برای‬
equipment to be used before the commencement
.‫کار را قبل از آغاز کار نشان دهد‬
of work.

203.3.5 Rock excavation ‫ حفرکاری صخره ها‬203.3.5

Rock, when encountered in road excavation, shall ‫ در حاالت که در حفر کاری‬،‫صخره ها‬
be removed up to the formation level or as ‫ باید تا سطوح ترتیب‬،‫سرک مقابل شوند‬
‫شده ویا طوری که در نقشه ها نشان‬
otherwise indicated on the drawings. Where,
‫ در‬.‫داده شده است کندنکاری گردند‬
however, unstable shale or other unsuitable
‫حاالت که سنگ رس نا پایه دار ویا دیگر‬
materials are encountered at the formation level,
‫مواد های غیر مناسب در سطوح ترتیب‬
these shall be excavated to the extent of 500 mm

76 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

below the formation level or as otherwise ‫ ملی متر‬500 ‫ باید‬،‫شده برابر گردند‬
specified. In all cases, the excavation operations ‫پایین تر از سطح آماده شده ویا طوری‬
shall be so carried out that at no point on cut ‫ در‬.‫که مشخص گردیده است حفر گردد‬
formation the rock protrudes above the specified ‫ عملیات حفرکاری باید‬،‫تمام حاالت‬
levels. Rocks and large boulders which are likely to ‫طوری اجرا گردد که در هیچ یک از نقاط‬
‫سنگ ها باالتر از سطوح تعین شده‬
cause differential settlement and also local
‫ صخره ها و بولدر های بزرگ که‬.‫نباشد‬
drainage problems should be removed to the
‫باعث نشست های موضعی و مشکالت زهکشی‬
extent of 500 mm below the formation level in full ‫ ملی متر پایین تر از‬500 ‫میشود باید‬
formation width including drains and cut through
.‫سطح آماده شده کندنکاری شود‬
the side drains. ‫در حاالت که حفریات پایین تر از سطوح‬
Where excavation is done to levels lower than ‫ حفریات‬،‫مشخص شده اجرا گردیده باشند‬
those specified, the excess excavation shall be ‫اضافی باید مطابق به شروط ماده های‬
made good as per Clauses 203.3.3 and 203.6 to the ‫ و با رضایتمندی‬203.6 ‫ و‬203.3.3
satisfaction of the Engineer. .‫انجنیر دوباره بهتر ساخته شوند‬
Slopes in rock cutting shall be finished to uniform ‫میل ها در قطع کاری صخره ها باید‬
lines corresponding to slope lines shown on the ‫مطابق به خطوط یکنواخت که در نقشه‬
drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫ها نشان داده شده است ویا طبق هدایت‬
Notwithstanding the foregoing, all loose pieces of ‫ علی الرغم موارد‬.‫انجنیر انجام گردد‬
rock on excavated slope surface which move when ‫قبلی تمام قطعات سست صخره ها در سطوح‬
pierced by a crowbar shall be removed. .‫میل های قطع شده باید انتقال گردند‬

203.3.6 Marsh excavation ‫ حفرکاری باطالق ها‬203.3.6

The excavation of soils from marshes/swamps ‫کندنکاری خاک های باطالقی باید مطابق‬
shall be carried out as per the program approved ‫به پروگرام که توسط انجنیر تایید شده‬
by the Engineer. .‫است اجرا گردد‬
‫حفرکاری باطالق ها باید از یک انجام‬
Excavation of marshes shall begin at one end and
‫آغاز گردیده و به یک مسیر در طول‬
proceed in one direction across the entire marsh
‫ طریقه ها و مراحل‬.‫باطالق ادامه تابد‬
immediately ahead of backfilling. The method and
‫حفرکاری و پرکاری باید طوری باشد که‬
sequence of excavating and backfilling shall be ‫تمام کثافات کامال انتقال و بیجا‬
such as to ensure, to the extent practicable, the .‫گردد‬
complete removal or displacement of all muck
from within the lateral limits called for on the
drawings or as staked by the Engineer, and to the
bottom of the marsh, firm support or levels
indicated.

203.3.7 Excavation of road shoulders/ verge/ /‫ لبه ها‬/‫ حفرکاری کنار ها‬203.3.7
median for widening of pavement or providing ‫میانه ها برای وسعت فرش جاده ویا‬
treated shoulders ‫تهیه کناره های سرک‬
‫کارهای که شامل وسعت فرش های موجوده‬
In works involving widening of existing pavements
‫ غیر از‬،‫سرک ویا تهیه کنار های سرک‬
or providing treated shoulders, unless otherwise
/‫ کنار ها‬،‫این که مشخص گردیده باشد‬
specified, the shoulder/verge/median shall be
‫ میانه ها باید به عرض های‬/‫لبه ها‬
removed to their full width and to levels shown on ‫کامل و به سطوح نشان داده شده در‬
drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. While

77 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

doing so, care shall be taken to see that no portion ‫نقشه ها ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر انتقال‬
of the existing pavement designated for retention .‫داده شوند‬
is loosened or dismantled and cut to a regular ‫در جریان این عمل احتیاط گردد تا‬
shape with sides vertical and the disturbed / ‫قسمت های فرش موجوده سرک به صورت‬
loosened portion removed completely and re-laid ‫منظم قطع و بی جا گردد و مواد های‬
as directed by the Engineer, at the cost of the ‫نرمه کامال انتقال و دوباره به مصارف‬
Contractor. .‫قراردادی پرکاری گردد‬

203.3.8 Dewatering ‫ آب گیری‬203.3.8

The Contractor shall arrange for the rapid ‫قراردادی باید آب های جمع شده در‬
dispersal of water collected/accumulated on the ‫بدنه سرک و در جریان ساخت و ساز ویا‬
‫سرک موجوده و همچنان آب های که داخل‬
earthwork or completed formation during
‫بدنه سرک میگردد را پراگنده نموده و‬
construction or on the existing roadway or which
‫در حد امکان در سیستم زهکشی تخلیه‬
enters the earthwork or any other item of work
‫ این تدابیر باید در کار های‬.‫نماید‬
from any source, and where practicable, the water ‫بدنه سازی به شمول کندنکاری برای‬
shall be discharged in to the permanent outfall of ‫ تهداب ها ویا قطع‬،‫مسیر های پایپ‬
the drainage system. The arrangements shall be . ‫ها نیز روی دست گرفته شود‬
made in respect of all earthworks including ،‫قراردادی در صورت نیاز باید مسیر ها‬
excavation for pipe trenches, foundations or ‫ پمپ ها و دیگر موضوعات موقتی‬،‫جو ها‬
cuttings. ‫را به منظور حفاظت کارهای بدنه سازی‬
The Contractor shall provide, where necessary, ‫ این‬.‫ روی دست بگیرد‬،‫سرک از آب‬
temporary water courses, ditches, drains, ‫تدارکات شامل انجام دادن کارهای‬
pumping or other means for maintaining the ‫قالب کاری مقطع ها و خاکریزه ها به‬
earthwork free from water. Such provisions shall ‫منظور جلوگیری از سقوط مواد در سطوح‬
include carrying out the work of forming the cut ‫عرضی بوده و همچنان در صورت عملی‬
‫ شیب های طولی به منظور جاری‬،‫بودن‬
sections and embankments in such manner that
‫نمودن آب و جلو گیری از حوض شدن آب‬
their surfaces have at all times a sufficient
.‫ساخته شود‬
minimum cross fall and where practicable, a
‫هرگاه آب با حفریات( کندنکاری) به‬
sufficient longitudinal gradient to enable them to
‫ باران و دیگر‬،‫ نفوذ‬،‫واسطه چشمه ها‬
shed water and prevent ponding. ‫ باید توسط انحراف‬،‫دالیل همراه گردد‬
If water is met with in the excavations due to ‫ پمپ نمودن ویا تهی کردن‬،‫دادن مناسب‬
springs, seepage, rain or other causes, it shall be ‫انتقال گردیده و حفرکاری طبق ضرورت‬
removed by suitable diversions, pumping or .‫ویا هدایت انجنیر خشک نگه داشته شود‬
bailing out and the excavation kept dry whenever ‫احتیاط گردد تا آب در مجرا های مناسب‬
so required or directed by the Engineer. Care shall ‫تخریب‬ ‫باعث‬ ‫تا‬ ‫شود‬ ‫تخلیه‬
be taken to discharge the drained water into ‫محصوالت و دیگر دارایی ها‬،‫کارها‬
suitable outlets as not to cause damage to the ‫ در صورت هر نوع سهل انگاری‬.‫نگردد‬
works, crops or any other property. Due to any ،‫ که باعث کدام تخریب گردد‬،‫قراردادی‬
negligence on the part of the Contractor, if any ‫مسولیت قراردادی است تا آن را به‬
/‫حالت اولی و به مصارف خودی ترمیم‬
such damage is caused, it shall be the sole
.‫تعمیر نماید‬
responsibility of the Contractor to repair/restore
to the original condition at his own cost or
compensate for the damage.

78 | S e c t i o n 2
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203.3.9 Disposal of excavated materials ‫ دفع مواد حفر شده‬203.3.9

All the excavated materials shall be the property ‫تمام مواد کندنکاری شده ملکیت‬
of the Government. The suitable material ‫ مواد به دست آمده‬.‫کارفرما میباشد‬
‫ لبه‬،‫ کنار های سرک‬،‫از کندنکاری سرک‬
obtained from the excavation of roadway,
،‫ جوی های عبوری و غیره‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫ها‬
shoulders, verges, drains, cross-drainage works
‫) خاکریزهای مسیر‬1( ‫باید در پرکاری‬
etc., shall be used for filling up of (i) roadway
‫) چاله های موجوده در مسیر‬2( ،‫سرک‬
embankment, (ii) the existing pits in the right-of-
‫) برای منظره های سرک طبق‬3(‫سرک و‬
way and (iii) for landscaping of the road as
‫هدایت انجنیر به شمول هموار کاری و‬
directed by the Engineer, including leveling and
‫صاف کاری و بدون پرداخت اضافی‬
spreading with all lifts and lead up to 10 km and
. ‫استفاده گردد‬
no extra payment shall be made for the same. ‫ سنگ الشه‬،‫مواد سخت از قبیل زمین سخت‬
All hard materials, such as hard moorum, rubble, ‫و غیره که همانند موارد باال قابل‬
etc., not intended for use as above shall be stacked ‫ باید بطور منظم در‬،‫استفاده نباشد‬
neatly on specified land as directed by the ‫موقیعت مشخص شده طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
Engineer with all lifts and lead up to 5000 m. . ‫انباشته شود‬
Unsuitable and surplus material not intended for ‫مواد نا مناسب و اضافی که همانند‬
use within the lead specified above shall also, if ‫موارد باال قابل استفاده نباشد نیز‬
necessary, be transported with all lifts and lead ‫ دفع ویا‬،‫ انتقال‬،‫ در موقع نیاز‬،‫باید‬
beyond initial 10 km, disposed of or used as .‫با منظوری انجینیر استفاده گردد‬
approved by the Engineer.

203.3.10 Backfilling ‫ پرکاری‬203.3.10

Backfilling of masonry/concrete/hume pipe drain ‫ پایپ‬/‫ کانکریت‬/‫پرکاری سنک کاری ها‬
excavation shall be done with approved material ‫های زهکشی باید با مواد منظور شده‬
‫ سنگ کاری‬/‫بعد از نصب مکمل کانکریت‬
after concrete/masonry/hume pipe is fully set and
‫ وپایپ طوری انجام گردد که باعث‬/
carried out in such a way as not to cause undue
‫فشارهای غیر ضروری در هیچ یک از قسمت‬
thrust on any part of the structure and/or not to
‫های ساختمان و همچنان باعث نشست های‬
cause differential settlement. All space between ‫ تمام فضا ها میان‬.‫تفاضلی نگردد‬
the drain walls and the side of the excavation shall ‫دیوارهای زهکشی و جانب های حفر شده‬
be refilled to the original surface making due ‫ ملی‬150 ‫باید به طبقات که بیشتر از‬
allowance for settlement, in layer generally not ‫مترنباشد به کثافت مورد نیاز با‬
exceeding 150 mm compacted thickness to the ‫های‬Tamper ‫مانند‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫وسایل‬
required density, using suitable compaction ‫ کوبه ویا پلیت های متراکم‬،‫میخانیکی‬
equipment such as mechanical tamper, rammer or ‫کننده طبق هدایت انجنیر تپک شده و‬
plate compactor as approved by the Engineer. .‫دوباره پرکاری گردد‬

Plying of Construction Traffic ‫ تردد ترافیک ساخت و ساز‬203.4

Construction traffic shall not use the cut formation ‫ترافیک ساخت و ساز نباید بدون اجازه‬
and finished subgrade without the prior ‫ آماده شده‬subgrade ‫قبلی انجنیر از‬
permission of the Engineer. Any damage arising ‫ هر نوع تخریبات که‬.‫استفاده نماید‬
out of such use shall be made good by the ‫به واسطه این نوع استفاده ها بوجود‬
Contractor at his own expense. ‫ باید توسط قرار دادی با مصارف‬،‫بیاید‬
.‫خودی ترمیم گردد‬

79 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Preservation of Property ‫ محافظت دارایی ها‬203.5

The Contractor shall undertake all reasonable ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های‬
precautions for the protection and preservation of ‫معقول را به منظور حفاظت و نگهداری‬
any or all existing roadside trees, drains, sewers or ‫هر نوع ویا تمام درخت های موجوده‬
other sub-surface drains, pipes, conduits and any ‫ سیستم های فاضالب ویا‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫جاده‬
other structures under or above ground, which ‫ مجراهای‬،‫ پایپ ها‬،‫دیگر جوی های سطحی‬
‫سیم و دیگر ساختمان ها در پایین ویا‬
may be affected by construction operations and
‫ که ممکن در جریان ساخت و‬،‫روی زمین‬
which, in the opinion of the Engineer, shall be
‫ساز متضرر گردند ویا از نظر انجنیر‬
continued in use without any change. Safety
‫بدون کدام تغیر به استفاده از آن‬
measures taken by the Contractor in this respect, .‫ روی دست گیرد‬،‫ادامه داده شود‬
shall obtain approval from the Engineer. However, ‫تدابیر امینی که از طرف قراردادی‬
if any of these objects is damaged by reason of the ‫درین مورد روی دست گرفته میشود باید‬
Contractor’s negligence, it shall be replaced or ‫ اما هرگاه‬.‫از طرف انجنیر منظور گردد‬
restored to the original condition at his expense. If ‫هریکی ازین موارد در اثر سهل انگاری‬
the Contractor fails to do so, within the required ‫ باید با‬،‫قراردادی تخریب گردند‬
time as directed by the Engineer or if, in the ‫مصارف قراردادی تعویض ویا تعمیر‬
opinion of the Engineer, the actions initiated by ‫ هرگاه قراردادی دراجرای این‬.‫گردد‬
the Contractor to replace/restore the damaged ‫امر در زمان مورد نیاز که از طرف‬
‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده است ناکام‬
objects are not satisfactory, the Engineer shall
‫گردد ویا هرگاه از نظر انجنیر فعالیت‬
arrange the replacement/restoration directly
‫ ترمیم وسایل قناعت‬/‫ها برای تعویض‬
through any other agency at the risk and cost of
‫ ترمیم را‬/‫ انجنیر تعویض‬،‫بخش نباشد‬
the Contractor after issuing a prior notice to the ‫توسط ارگان دیگر و به مصارف قراردادی‬
effect. ‫طی یک آگاهی قبلی به قراردادی انجام‬
.‫دهد‬

Preparation of Cut Formation ‫ آماده سازی سطوح قطع شده‬203.6

The cut formation, which serves as a subgrade, ‫ به‬subgrade ‫ که منحیث‬،‫سطوح قطع شده‬
shall be prepared to receive the sub-base/base ‫ باید برای دریافت مواد‬،‫کار میرود‬
course as directed by the Engineer. ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر آماده‬Sub-Base/Base
Where the material in the subgrade (that is within . ‫گردد‬
500 mm from the lowest level of the pavement) ‫ (که در‬Subgrade ‫قسمت های که مواد در‬
has a density less than 95% of the maximum dry ‫ ملی متری از پایین ترین سطح فرش‬500
density determined according to AASHTO T 99, the %95 ‫جاده باشد) دارای کثافت کمتر از‬
same shall be loosened to a depth of 500 mm and ‫((که‬MDD ‫فیصدی بزرگترین کثافت خشک‬
compacted in layers in accordance with the ‫ تعیین میگردد‬AASHTO T 99 ‫مطابق به‬
requirements of Clause 205 “Embankment”. Any ‫ ملی متری سست‬500 ‫ باید تا عمق‬،‫باشد‬
unsuitable material encountered in the subgrade 205 ‫شده و در طبقات طبق مقتضیات ماده‬
‫ هرنوع مواد غیر مناسب که‬.‫تپک گردد‬
level shall be removed as directed by the Engineer
‫ باید‬،‫ دریافت می گردد‬subgrade ‫درسطح‬
and replaced with suitable material compacted in
‫طبق هدایت انجنیر انتقال داده شده و‬
accordance with Clause 205 “Embankment”.
‫با مواد مناسب تعویض شده و مطابق به‬
. ‫ تپک کاری گردد‬205 ‫مقتضیات ماده‬

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In rocky formations, the surface irregularities shall ‫ ناهمواری های‬،‫در ساختار های صخره یی‬
be corrected and the levels brought up to the ‫سطح باید به سطوح ارتفاعات مشخص شده‬
specified elevation with granular base material as (granular (base ‫توسط مواد دانه دار‬
directed by the Engineer, laid and compacted in ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر رسانده شده و مطابق‬
accordance with the respective Specifications for ‫به مقتضیات این طرزالعمل در باره این‬
these materials. The unsuitable material shall be ‫ مواد نا مناسب‬.‫مواد ها تپک کاری شود‬
‫ دفع‬203.3.9 ‫باید مطابق به ماده‬
disposed of in accordance with Clause 203.3.9
‫ بعد از پوره نمودن مقتضیات‬.‫گردد‬
“Disposal of Excavated Materials”. After satisfying
‫ سطوح قطع شده باید برای‬،‫کثافت‬
the density requirements, the cut formation shall
‫ مطابق‬sub base/ base ‫دریافت نمودن مواد‬
be prepared to receive the subbase/base course in
.‫ آماده گردد‬206 ‫به شروط‬
accordance with Clause 206 “Subgrade
Preparation” to receive the sub-base/base course.

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬203.7

Excavation for roadway shall be measured by ‫حفریات برای مسیر سرک باید توسط‬
taking cross sections at suitable intervals in the ‫درنظر گرفتن مقطع ها در انتروال‬
original position before the work starts and after ‫مناسب در موقیعت های اصلی قبل از‬
its completion and computing the volumes in ‫شروع کار و بعد از انجام کار و‬
cubic meters. By the method of average end areas ‫آن به متر مکعب به‬ ‫مقایسه احجام‬
‫واسطه طریقه اوسط ساحه آخیری برای‬
for each class of material encountered. Where it is
‫ هرگاه این‬.‫هر مواد پیش آمده می باشد‬
not feasible to compute volumes by this method
‫روش برای محاسبه احجام به دلیل ساحات‬
because of erratic location of isolated deposits,
‫ احجام باید‬،‫غیر منظم عملی نباشد‬
the volumes shall be computed by other accepted ‫شده‬ ‫تایید‬ ‫های‬ ‫طریقه‬ ‫توسط‬
methods. .‫دیگرمحاسبه گردد‬
At the option of the Engineer, the Contractor shall ‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫به انتخاب انجنیر‬
leave depth indicators during excavations of such ‫وسایل نمایشگر عمق را در جریان‬
shape and size and in such position as directed so ‫حفرکاری چنین اشکال و سایز ها در‬
as to indicate the original ground level as ‫قسمت های که مورد قبول انجنیر است‬
accurately as possible. The Contractor shall see ‫نصب نماید تا سطح حقیقی زمین به صورت‬
that these remain intact till the final .‫دقیق نشان داده شود‬
measurements are taken.
‫) حفرکاری سرک‬1( 203
203 (1) Road Excavation: cum ‫مترمکعب‬

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬203.8

The Contract unit rate for the item of road ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای کندنکاری‬
excavation shall be payment in full for carrying out ‫سرک باید یک پرداخت کامل برای انجام‬
the operations required regardless of any ‫دادن عملیات مورد نیاز بدون در نظر‬
classification of soil including full compensation ‫داشت کدام طبقه بندی جاک ها به شمول‬
for: :‫کمپینزاسیون برای‬
(1) Setting out; setting out )1(

‫ قطع شده‬/‫) انتقال مواد حفرشده‬2(

(2) Transporting the excavated materials and
‫ ویا‬،‫و دفع آن در ساحه خاکریزه‬
depositing the same on sites of
.‫انبار آن طبق هدایت‬

81 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

embankments, spoil banks or stacking as

directed within all lifts and lead specified ‫) قطع کاری میل ها و قطع زایده‬3(
in these Specifications; ‫ها‬

(3) trimming bottoms and slopes of ‫) پرکاری و تپک کاری‬4(

excavation;
‫) آب گیری و خشک نگهداشتن ساحه‬5(
(4) dewatering; ‫کار‬

(5) keeping the work free of water; and ،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫) تمام کارگردان‬6(
‫ تست ها‬،‫ تدابیر ایمینی‬،‫وسایل‬
‫و لوازم مورد نیاز برای انجام‬
(6) all labors, materials, tools, equipment,
.‫کار مطابق به طرزالعمل‬
safety measures, testing and incidentals
necessary to complete the work to
Specifications.

Structure Excavation ‫ تخریب ساختمان ها‬204

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬204.1
Excavation for structures shall consist of the ‫کندنکاری برای ساختمان ها شامل‬
removal of material for the construction of ‫انتقال مواد برای ساخت وساز تهداب‬
foundation for bridges, culverts, retaining walls, ،‫های ساختمان ها مانند پلچک ها‬
،‫ دیوار های آبگیر‬،‫دیوارهای استنادی‬
headwalls, cutoff walls, pipe culverts, and other
‫ پایپ کلورت ها وغیره‬،‫دیوار های سد‬
similar structures, in accordance with the ‫در مطابقت با مقتضیات این طرزالعمل‬
requirements of these Specifications and the ‫و همچنان خطوط و ابعاد نشان داده شده‬
lines and dimensions shown on the drawings or ‫در نقشه ها ویا مطابق به هدایت‬
as indicated by the Engineer. The work shall ‫ کارها مشمول ساخت و‬.‫انجنیر می باشد‬
include construction of the necessary ‫ساز بند های موقتی و حوضچه ها که‬
cofferdams and cribs and their subsequent ‫متعاقبا انتقال می گردد; تمام پوشش‬
removal; all necessary sheeting, shoring, ‫ زهکشی و پمپ‬،‫ شمع زنی‬،‫ شمع بندی‬،
‫ کنده‬،‫ انتقال تمام چوب های گرد‬،‫کاری‬
bracing, draining and pumping; the removal of
‫ ریشه ها و دیگر مواد آسیب رسان‬،‫ها‬
all logs, stumps, grubs and other deleterious ‫و موامع که برای جا به جایی تهداب‬
matter and obstructions, necessary for placing ‫های ضروری است; قطع کاری قسمت های‬
the foundations; trimming bottoms of ‫پایینی ساحه کندنکاری شده; پرکاری و‬
excavations; backfilling and clearing up the site ‫پاک کاری ساحه و دفع تمام مواد‬
and the disposal of all surplus material. .‫اضافی‬
It shall also include the furnishing and placing of ‫این موضوع همچنان شامل تهیه و جا به‬
approved foundation fill material to replace ‫جایی مواد تایید شده برای تهداب ها‬
‫به منظور تبدیل مواد نا مناسب در‬
unsuitable material encountered below the
‫قسمت های پایینی تهداب های ساختمان‬
foundation elevation of structures.
.‫میباشد‬

Classification of Excavation ‫ طبقه بندی حفرکاری‬204.2

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All materials involved in excavation shall be ‫تمام مواد های که در حفریات شامل است‬
classified in accordance with Clause 203.2. ‫ طبقه بندی می‬203.2 ‫مطابق به ماده‬
.‫شوند‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬204.3

204.3.1 Setting out 204.3.1Setting out
After the site has been cleared according to Clause 201 ‫بعد از اینکه ساحه مطابق به ماده‬
201, the limits of excavation shall be set out true ‫ حدود حفرکاری باید توسط‬،‫پاک گردید‬
‫ منحنی ها و میل ها مطابق به‬،‫خطوط‬
to lines, curves and slopes to Clause 203.3.1.
.‫ اجرا گردد‬203.3.1 ‫ماده‬

204.3.2 Excavation ‫ حفرکاری‬204.3.2

Excavation shall be taken to the width of the ‫کندنکاری باید به عرض پایین ترین‬
lowest step of the footing and the sides shall be ‫درجه تهداب اجرا گردد و کنار های آن‬
left plump where the nature of soil allows it. .‫در صورت مجاز باید حالت آن رها گردد‬
‫درحاالت که خاصیت خاک ویا عمق چاله‬
Where the nature of soil or the depth of the trench
‫وفصل سال مهلت دیوار های عمودی را‬
and season of the year do not permit vertical
‫ قراردادی باید به مصارف خودی‬،‫ندهند‬
sides, the Contractor at his own expense shall put
‫شمع ها و چوب فرش ها ویا میل های‬
up necessary shoring, strutting and planking or cut ‫قطع شده را به منظور تامین مسونیت‬
slopes to a safer angle or both with due regard to .‫به تایید انجنیر تامین نماید‬
the safety of personal and works and to the ‫عمق حفریات باید در نقشه ها نشان‬
satisfaction of the Engineer. ‫داده شده باشد در غیر آن عمق آن طبق‬
The depth to which the excavation is to be carried .‫هدایت انجنیر تعیین گردد‬
out shall be as shown on the drawings, unless the
type of material encountered is such as to require
changes, in which case the depth shall be as
ordered by the Engineer. Propping shall be
undertaken when any foundation or stressed zone
from an adjoining structure is within a line of 1
vertical to 2 horizontal from the bottom of the
excavation.

204.3.3 Dewatering and protection ‫ آب گیری و محافظت‬204.3.3

Normally, open foundations shall be laid dry. ‫ تهداب های باز باید‬،‫به صورت نارمل‬
Where water is met with in excavation due to ‫ در ساحات که آب‬.‫خشک نگهداشته شود‬
،‫با کندنکاری به اثر جریان جوی ها‬
stream flow, seepage, springs, rain or other
‫ باران ویا عوامل‬،‫ چشمه ها‬،‫نفوذ آب‬
reasons, the Contractor shall take adequate
‫قراردادی باید‬ ،‫دیگر یکجا شود‬
measures such as bailing, pumping, constructing
‫ پمپ‬،‫محاسبات دقیق برای تهی کردن‬
diversion channels, drainage channels, bunds, ‫ احداث کانال برای انحراف مسیر‬،‫کردن‬
depression of water level by well-point system, ‫ بند های موقتی و‬،‫ کانال زهکشی‬،‫آب‬
cofferdams and other necessary works to keep the ‫کار ضروری دیگر به منظور خشک‬
foundation trenches dry when so required and to ‫نگهداشتن چاله های تهداب روی دست‬
protect the green concrete/masonry against ‫گیرد تا از تخریب کانکریت ویا سنگ‬
damage by erosion or sudden rising of water level. ‫کاری در برابر بلند رفتن سطح آب‬

83 | S e c t i o n 2
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The methods to be adopted in this regard and ‫ میتود های کار برای‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
other details thereof shall be left to the choice of ‫انجام این فعالیت ها مطابق انتخاب‬
the Contractor but subject to approval of the ‫قراردادی واما به تایید انجنیر می‬
Engineer. Approval of the Engineer shall, however, .‫باشد‬
not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility for ‫در قسمت های که نیاز به احداث بند‬
the adequacy of dewatering and protection ‫ باید به ارتفاع و عمق‬،‫های موقتی است‬
‫مناسب و به شکل مصون تاسیس شود و‬
arrangements and for the quality and safety of the
‫مقابل نفوذ آب تحکیم گردد تا به صورت‬
works.
.‫مطمین ساخت و ساز در آن اجرا گردد‬
Where cofferdams are required, these shall be
‫ابعاد داخلی بند های موقتی باید طوری‬
carried to adequate depths and heights, be safely ‫باشد تا فضای کافی برای ساخت سازو‬
designed and constructed and be made as ‫نظارت وهمچنان نصب وسایل پمپ وغیره‬
watertight as is necessary for facilitating .‫را در داخل آن تامین نماید‬
construction to be carried out inside them. The ‫هرگاه ازقبل مشخص گردیده باشد که‬
interior dimensions of the cofferdams shall be ‫تهداب ها به شکل خشک قرار گرفته نمی‬
such as to give sufficient clearance for the ‫تواند و همچنان عملیه تصفیه هم به‬
construction and inspection and to permit ‫منظور خشک نگهداشتن آن سنگین تمام‬
installation of pumping equipment, etc., inside the ‫ تهداب کانکریتی باید توسط پایپ‬،‫شود‬
enclosed area. ‫مخصوص آن و با تایید انجنیر در بین‬
If it is determined beforehand that the ‫ در صورت جریان آب ویا‬.‫آب قرار گیرد‬
foundations cannot be laid dry or the situation is ‫ جریان آن باید در هنگام جا‬،‫چشمه ها‬
‫به جایی کانکریت قطع ویا کاهش داده‬
found that the percolation is too heavy for keeping
.‫شود‬
the foundation dry, the foundation concrete shall
‫پمپ نمودن از داخل محوطه تهداب ها‬
be laid under water by tremie pipe only. In case of
‫باید طوری اجرا گردد که مانع حرکت‬
flowing water or artesian springs, the flow shall be
‫ هیچ‬.‫آب در داخل کانکریت تازه گردد‬
stopped or reduced as far as possible at the time ‫گونه پمپ نمودن در جریان جا به جایی‬
of placing the concrete. ‫ ساعت بعد از‬24 ‫کانکریت ویا در زمان‬
Pumping from the interior of any foundation ‫ مگر اینکه توسط‬،‫آن مجاز نمی باشد‬
enclosure shall be done in such a manner as to ‫ چاله از کار‬،‫یک جدا کننده مناسب‬
preclude the possibility of the movement of water ‫کانکریت به واسطه دیوار های ضد آب‬
through any fresh concrete. No pumping shall be ‫ویا موارد مشابه به آن جدا گردیده‬
permitted during the placing of concrete or for any .‫باشد‬
period of at least 24 hours thereafter, unless it is ‫ ترزیق سمنت ویا‬،‫به صالحدید قراردادی‬
done from a suitable sump separated from the ‫دیگر طریقه های تایید شد ه برای‬
concrete work by a watertight wall or other similar ‫جلوگیری ویا کاهش نفوذ آب باید‬
means. .‫استفاده گردد‬
At the discretion of the Contractor, cement ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های الزم‬
‫را برای رد نمودن کانال ها و تخلیه‬
grouting or other approved methods may be used
‫آب روی دست بگیرد تا به کار ها و‬
to prevent or reduce seepage and to product the
.‫ملکیت های دیگر صدمه وارد نگردد‬
excavation area.
The Contractor shall take all precautions in
diverting channels and in discharging the drained
water as not to cause damage to the works, crops
or any other property.

204.3.4 Preparation of foundation ‫ آماده نمودن تهداب ها‬204.3.4

84 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

The bottom of the foundation shall be leveled ‫قسمت پایینی تهداب باید طوال و عرضا‬
both longitudinally and transversely or stepped as .‫مطابق به هدایت انجنیر هموار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer. Before foundation is ‫ سطح باید اندکی‬،‫قبل از گذاشتن تهداب‬
laid, the surface shall be slightly watered and ‫آب داده شده و تپک گردد و در صورتیکه‬
rammed in the event of excavation having been ‫کندنکاری بیشتر از سطح نشان داده شده‬
‫ عمق اضافی باید‬،‫در نقشه ها باشد‬
made deeper than that shown on the drawings or
‫ و به مصارف‬masonry ‫توسط کانکریت ویا‬
as otherwise ordered by the Engineer, the extra
‫ پرکاری معمولی‬.‫قراردادی تکمیل گردد‬
depth shall be made up with concrete or masonry
‫نباید به منظور هم تراز سازی تهداب‬
of the foundation at the cost of the Contractor.
.‫و ساحه مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد‬
Ordinary filling shall not be used for the purpose
‫در صورت مقابل شدن با سنگ ویا دیگر‬
to bring the foundation to level. ‫ باید مواد نرم و سست‬،‫الیه های سخت‬
When rock or other hard strata is encountered it ‫ و به یک سطح سفت‬،‫آنرا دور نموده‬
shall be freed of all soft and loose material, ‫ تمام درز‬.‫طبق هدایت انجنیر قطع گردد‬
cleaned and cut to a firm surface either level and ‫ها پاک و توسط مصاله ویا شیره‬
stepped as directed by the Engineer. All seams .‫کانکریت طبق رضایت انجنیر پر گردد‬
shall be cleaned out and filled with cement mortar ‫ فضای حلقوی‬،‫در صورت کندنکاری در سنگ‬
or grout to the satisfaction of the Engineer. In the ‫اطراف تهداب باید همرای کانکریت سبک‬
case of excavation in rock, annular space around ‫ الی سطح باالیی سنگ‬nominal mix 1:3:6
footing shall be filled with lean concrete (1:3:6 .‫پر گردد‬
nominal mix) up to the top level of rock. ‫تهداب ها باید طوری باشد که در نقشه‬
The foundation shall be as shown on the Drawings. .‫ها نشان داده شده است‬
When gravel or crushed stone foundation fill is ‫هرگاه تهداب های که با جعل ویا سنگ‬
shown in the Drawings, it shall be laid and ‫های شکسته شده پر گردیده اند در نقشه‬
‫ باید به عمق که در‬،‫نشان داده شود‬
compacted to the thickness shown in the
‫نقش ها نشان داده شده و در طبقات که‬
Drawings in layers not greater than 150 mm. In
‫ ملی متر نباشد تپک‬150 ‫بیشتر از‬
case such foundation fill is not shown in the
‫ در صورتیکه پرکاری این چنین‬.‫گردد‬
Drawings but the excavation bottom is soft or ‫تهداب درنقشه ها نشان داده نشده باشد‬
mucky or otherwise unsuitable, as determined by ‫ ازنظر‬،‫و اما قسمت پایینی کندکاری‬
the Engineer, the Contractor shall remove the ‫ کثیف ویا نامناسب‬،‫ نرم‬،‫انجنیر‬
unsuitable material and replaced by gravel or ‫ قراردادی باید خاک های نا‬،‫باشد‬
crushed stone foundation fill and compacted in ‫مناسب را با جغل و سنگ های شکسته‬
layers not greater than 150mm. Lean concrete of ‫تبدیل نموده و در طبقات که بیشتر از‬
strength shown in the Drawings but not less than .‫ ملی متر نباشد تپک گردد‬150
15 MPa shall be placed over the excavation ‫کانگریت سبک ویا کانگریت صاف به‬
bottom or top of the gravel or crushed stone ‫مقاومت های که در نقشه ها نشان داده‬
foundation fill to the bottom level of the structure ‫شده است باید در قسمت پایینی ویا‬
foundation. The thickness of the lean concrete ‫ ذخامت‬.‫باالیی جغل جا به جا گردد‬
‫کانکریت سبک ویا صاف باید مطابق به‬
shall be as shown on the Drawings and shall not be
.‫ ملی متر نباشد‬51 ‫نقشه ها و کمتر از‬
less than 50mm.

204.3.5 Slips and slip-outs ‫ ساحات لغزشی‬204.3.5

If there are any slips or slip-outs in the excavation, ‫در صورت موجودیت ساحات لغزشی در‬
these shall be removed by the Contractor at his ‫قراردادی باید آنرا‬ ،‫کندنکاری ها‬
own cost. .‫به مصارفات خودی کندنکاری نماید‬

85 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

204.3.6 Public safety ‫ مصونیت عامه‬204.3.6

Near towns, villages and all frequented places, ‫ قریه ها و تمام‬،‫در ساحات نزدیک شهر‬
trenches and foundation pits shall be securely ‫ چاله ها و تهداب‬،‫موقیعت های مزدحم‬
‫ها باید به طور مصون احاطه گردیده و‬
fenced, provided with proper caution signs and
‫تهیه گردد و‬ ‫عالیم هوشدار احتیاط‬
marked with red lights at night to avoid accidents.
‫همچنان به منظور جلو گیری از حادثات‬
The contractor shall take adequate protective
.‫شبانه باید چراغ های سرخ نصب گردد‬
measures to see that the excavation operations do ‫قراردادی باید محاسبات دقیق برای‬
not affect or damage adjoining structures. ‫به‬ ‫حفرکاری‬ ‫صدمات‬ ‫از‬ ‫جلوگیری‬
.‫ساختمان های اطراف روی دست بگیرد‬

204.3.7 Backfilling ‫ پرکاری‬204.3.7

Backfilling shall be done with approved material ‫پر کاری توسط مواد تایید شده بعد از‬
after concrete or masonry is fully set and carried ‫اتمام کارهای کانکریت و سنگ کاری‬
‫طوری انجام گردد که باعث تخریب‬
out in such a way as not to cause undue thrust on
‫ تمام خالیگه ها میان‬.‫ساختمان نگردد‬
any part of the structure. All space between
‫تهداب ها دیوار های حفرکاری باید در‬
foundation masonry or concrete and the sides of
‫ ملی متر نباشد‬150 ‫طبقات که بیشتر از‬
excavation shall be refilled to the original surface ‫ تپک کاری باید با‬.‫پر کاری گردد‬
or designed ground level in layers not exceeding ‫های‬ ‫تمپر‬ ‫مانند‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫وسایل‬
150 mm of compacted thickness. The compaction ‫ و غیره‬plate vibrator ،‫ کوبه‬،‫میخانیکی‬
shall be done with the help of suitable equipment .‫با خاک مناسب و آب کافی اجرا گردد‬
such as mechanical tamper, ramper, plate vibrator
etc., after necessary watering, so as to achieve a
density not less than the field density before
excavation.

204.3.8 Disposal of surplus excavated materials ‫ دفع مواد اضافی کندنکاری‬204.3.8

Clause 203.3.9 shall apply. ‫شده‬
.‫ باید تطبیق گردد‬203.3.9 ‫ماده‬

Method of Measurements ‫ طریقه های انداره گیری‬204.4

Excavation for structures shall be measured in ‫کندنکاری برای ساختمان ها باید به‬
cubic meters regardless of any class of material ‫متر مکعب انداره گیری گردد به‬
encountered, limited to the dimensions shown on ‫استثنای مواد که به ابعاد مشخص شده‬
the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫در نقشه ها محدود شده باشد ویا مطابق‬
Excavation over increased width, cutting of slopes, ‫ کندنکاری در‬.‫به هدایت انجنیر باشد‬
‫ قطع کاری میل‬،‫ساحات با عرض بیشتر‬
shoring, shuttering and planking shall be deemed
‫ تخته بندی و تخته پوشی‬،‫هاف شمع زنی‬
as convenience for the Contractor in executing the
‫برای قراردادی یک سهولت برای اجرای‬
work and shall not be measured and paid for
‫کار محسوب گردیده و برای آن به طور‬
separately.
.‫جداگانه پرداخت نمی گردد‬
Foundation fill, when shown in the BOQ, shall be ،‫پرکاری تهداب ها با مواد دانه دار‬
measured in cubic meters in final position of the ‫ نشان داده شده است باید به‬BoQ ‫که در‬
special granular material placed below the ‫متر مکعب اندازه گردیده و کار آن بعد‬
foundation of structures as specified, completed . ‫از جا به جایی در ساحه تایید گردد‬
in place and accepted.

86 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

When blinding concrete or lean concrete ‫در صورتیکه تهداب های کانکریتی سبک‬
foundation is shown in the BOQ, it shall be ،‫ نشان داده شده باشد‬BoQ ‫و صاف در‬
measured in cubic meters placed as shown in the ‫باید به متر مکعب اندازه گردیده و‬
Drawings and accepted. . ‫مطابق به نقشه ها جا به جا شود‬
In case structure excavation and/or foundation fill ‫ ویا پر‬/‫هرگاه کندنکاری ساختمان و‬
are specified to be inclusive in the unit rates of (Granular ‫کاری تهداب های دانه یی‬
other items, they shall not be measured in this ‫ِ یکی از‬ ‫مشمول قیمت فی واحد‬foundation)
Clause. ‫ درین صورت نباید‬،‫اقالم دیگر باشد‬
. ‫شامل این ماده گردد‬
204 (1) Structure Excavation cum ‫پرکاری مواد نفوذ پذیر برای دیوار‬
‫ دیواره‬،‫ تکیه گاه ها‬،‫های استنادی‬
204 (2) Foundation Fill cum
‫های جانبی باید به مترمکعبِ حجم تکمیل‬
204 (3) Lean Concrete cum
‫شده و مطابق به ابعاد نشان داده شده‬
. ‫در نقشه ها محاسبه گردد‬
‫) کندنکاری ساختمان‬1( 204
cum
‫) پر کاری تهداب های دانه یی‬2( 204
cum )‫(جغلی‬
‫) کانکریت صاف‬3( 204
cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬204.5

The Contract unit rate for the structure excavation ‫قیمت فی واحد قرارداد برای اقالم‬
shall be payment in full for carrying out the ‫حفرکاری ساختمان ها عبارت از پرداخت‬
required operations including full compensation ‫کامل برای اجرای عملیات الزمی به شمول‬
for: .‫جبران مصارف ذیل میباشد‬
(1) setting out; ‫) آماده سازی برای اجرای کار‬1(

(2) construction of necessary cofferdams, ،‫) ساخت و ساز بند های موقتی‬2(
cribs, sheeting, shoring and bracing and ‫ شمع زنی‬،‫ تخته بندی‬،‫حوضچه ها‬
their subsequent removal; .‫و سطح بندی و انتقال بعدی آن‬

‫ کنده‬،‫) انتقال تمام چوب های گرد‬3(

(3) removal of all logs, stumps, grubs and
‫ها و دیگر مواد های زیان آور‬
other deleterious matter and obstructions
‫و موانع برای جا به جایی تهداب‬
for placing the foundations including
‫ها به شمول قطع کاری قسمت های‬
pumping when no separate provision for
. ‫پایینی ساحه کندنکاری شده‬
it is made in the Contract;
‫پاک کاری‬ ،‫پرکاری‬ ،‫) انتقال‬4(
(4) backfilling, clearing up the site and ‫مواد های‬ ‫ساحه و دفع تمام‬
disposal of all surplus material within all ‫نامناسب و اضافی و‬
lifts and leads up to 5000 m or as
otherwise specified; and ،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫) تمام کارمندان‬5(
‫ تغیر‬،‫ مقررات ایمینی‬،‫تجهیزات‬
(5) all labors, materials, tools, equipment, ‫مسیر ترافیک و ضروریات الزمی‬
safety measures, diversion of traffic and

87 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

incidentals necessary to complete the ‫به‬ ‫مطابق‬ ‫کار‬ ‫برای تکمیل‬

work to Specification. .‫طرزالعمل‬

Embankment and Fill ‫ پر کاری خاکریزی ها‬205

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬205.1
These Specifications shall apply to the ‫این طرزالعمل ها شامل ساخت و ساز و‬
construction of embankments including ‫ محوطه ها و سایر‬,‫پر کاری بدنه خاکی‬
subgrades, earthen shoulders and miscellaneous ‫موارد برای پر کاری توسط مواد تایید‬
backfills with approved material obtained from ‫شده به دست آمده از حفر سرک و‬
roadway and structure excavation, borrow pits or ‫ ذخایر بیرونی یا سایر‬,‫ساختمان‬
‫منابع بدون موادی که شامل حفر سرک و‬
other sources. All embankments, subgrades,
‫تمام‬ .‫میباشد‬ ‫میگردد‬ ‫ساختمان‬
earthen shoulders and miscellaneous backfills
‫ محوطه های‬,‫ بدنه خاکی‬,‫خاکریزی ها‬
shall be constructed in accordance with the
‫شرقی و سایر پر کاری های باید در‬
requirements of these Specifications and in ‫مطابقت با مقتضیات این طرزالعمل و‬
conformity with the lines, grades, and cross- ‫ میل ها و مقاطع‬,‫مطابق به مسیر ها‬
sections shown on the drawings or as directed by ‫داده شده در نقشه ها یا طبق هدایت‬
the Engineer. .‫انجنییر باشد‬

Material Requirements ‫ مقتضیات مواد‬205.2

205.2.1 Physical requirements ‫ مقتضیات فزیکی‬205.2.1
The materials used in embankments, subgrades, ,‫مواد استفاده شده در بدنه خاکی‬
earthen shoulders and miscellaneous backfills ‫ محوطه شرقی و سایر خاک برای‬,‫خاکریزی‬
,‫ جغل‬,‫پر کاری باید از جنس خاک‬
shall be soil, moorum, gravel, a mixture of these or
‫مخلوطی از هر دو و یا سایر مواد‬
any other material approved by the Engineer. Such
‫ این‬.‫تایید شده توسط انجنییر باشد‬
materials shall be free of logs, stumps, roots,
‫مواد باید عاری از هر نوع توته چوب‬
rubbish or any other ingredient likely to ‫ کثافات یا‬,‫ ریشه ها‬,‫ کنده درخت‬,‫ها‬
deteriorate or affect the stability of the ,‫سایر مواد که باعث تضعیف خاکریزی‬
embankment/subgrade. .‫بدنه خاکی و پر کاری میگردد باشد‬
The following types of material shall be considered ‫مواد ذیل برای پر کاری قابل استفاده‬
unsuitable for embankment and fill: :‫نمی باشد‬
(1) Materials from swamps, marshes and ‫ کنده چوب و مواد‬,‫) خاک نباتی‬1(
bogs; ‫فاسد شده؛‬
(2) Peat, log, stump and perishable material; ‫) موادی که در معرض احتراق خود‬2(
(3) Materials in a frozen condition; ‫به خودی باشد؛‬
(4) Clay having liquid limit exceeding 70 and ‫) مواد در حالت یخبندی؛‬3(
plasticity index exceeding 45; and ‫ اضافه‬liquid limit ‫) خاکی که دارای‬4(
(5) Material with salts resulting in leaching in ‫ اضافه‬plasticity index ‫ و‬70 ‫تر از‬
the embankment. ‫ نباشد؛‬45 ‫تر از‬
The size of the coarse material in the mixture of ‫) مواد نمکی که باعث آبشویی در‬5(
soil shall ordinary not exceed 75 mm when being .‫خاکریزی میگردد‬
paced in the embankment and 50 mm when ‫سایز مواد کالن دانه در مخلوط باید‬
placed in the subgrade. However, the Engineer ‫ ملی که در‬75 ‫به صورت عادی از‬
may at his discretion permit the use of material ‫ ملی‬50 ‫خاکریزی استفاده میشود و از‬
‫که برای بدنه خاکی استفاده میشود‬

88 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

coarser than this also if he is satisfied that the ‫ انجنییر‬,‫ به هر حال‬.‫اضافه تر نباشد‬
same will not present any difficulty as regards the ‫میتواند در مورد استفاده از جغل های‬
placement of fill material and its compaction to ‫ساز باال در صورتی که باعث تغیرات‬
the requirements of these Specifications. The ‫منفی در مقاومت و تپک کاری مخلوط‬
maximum particle size shall not be more than two- ‫نسبت به مقتضیات طرزالعمل نگردد‬
‫ بزرگترین سایز مواد‬.‫تصمیم بگیرد‬
thirds of the compacted layer thickness.
‫نباید اافه تر از سوم حصه ذخامت تپک‬
.‫شده باشد‬

205.2.2 Source of Materials ‫ منابع مواد‬205.2.2

The materials for embankment shall be obtained ‫مواد برای خاکریزی باید از منابع‬
from approved sources with preferences given to ‫ و اولویت به‬,‫تایید شده به دست آید‬
‫موادی داد میشود که از ساحات نزدیکی‬
materials becoming available from nearby
.‫و یا تحت عین قرارداد باشد‬
roadway excavation or any other excavation
‫کار آن قسمی تنطیم گردد که مواد‬
under the same Contract.
‫ً تحت بدنه خاکی و‬ ‫خوبتر باید دقیقا‬
The work shall be so planned and executed that
.‫یا خاکریزی قرار گیرد‬
the best available materials are saved for the
‫در صورتی که مواد از ذخایر بیرونی‬
subgrade and the embankment portion just below ‫ سایز و شکل ساحه‬,‫ موقعیت‬,‫به دست آید‬
the subgrade. ‫باید توسط انجنییر تایید شده و بدون‬
Where the materials are to be obtained from ‫اجازه رسمی و کتبی انجنییر نباید باز‬
designated borrow areas, the location, size and ‫ در صورتی که ذخایر توسط‬.‫گردد‬
shape of these areas shall be as indicated by the ‫انجنییر و یا صاحب امتیاز پروژه ذکر‬
Engineer and the same shall not be opened ‫ تدارک ساحه باید برای‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
without his written permission. Where specific ‫به دست آ وردن مواد برای خاکریزی و‬
borrow areas are not designated by the Engineer, ‫بدنه خاکی و مطابقت آن با مقتضیات‬
arrangement for locating the source of supply of .‫محیطی مسوولیت قراردادی میباشد‬
material for embankment and subgrade as well as ‫مواد از کناره های سرک برای بدنه آن‬
compliance to environmental requirements in ,‫ در صورت اجاره انجنییر‬.‫منظور نیست‬
‫باید به صورت مداوم مورد استفاده‬
respect of excavation and borrow areas as
‫ خاک پشته های با عرض‬.‫قرار نگیرد‬
stipulated, from time to time by the relevant
‫ متر باید در محدوده‬8 ‫اضافه تر از‬
authority of the Government of Afghanistan and
‫ آبرو های‬.‫ متر باشد‬300 ‫های کمتر از‬
the local bodies, as applicable, shall be the sole ‫کوچک به منظور زهکشی در مسیر خاک‬
responsibility of the Contractor. ‫ عمق حفره ها باید‬.‫پشته ها حفر کردد‬
Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged. If ‫قسمی صورت گیرد تا قسمت پایین آن‬
permitted by the Engineer, these shall not be dug ‫ به نسبت‬1 ‫تشکیل خطوط مجازی به میل‬
continuously. Ridges of not less than 8 m width ,‫ از کناره نهایی مقطع حفره ندهد‬4
should be left at intervals not exceeding 300 m. ‫ متر‬1.5 ‫عمق اعظمی به هر حالت‬
Small drains shall be cut through the ridges to ‫ گودال حفر شده باید‬,‫ همچنان‬.‫میباشد‬
facilitate drainage. The depth of the pits shall be ‫دارای عرض آفست از گوشه خاکریزی مورد‬
so regulated that their bottom does not cut an ‫نیاز در مطابقت با تعادل ان به عرض‬
imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 .‫ متر باشد‬10
horizontal projected from the edge of the final ‫جابجایی مواد در خاکریزی و یا سایر‬
‫ساحات برای پر کاری وقتی صورت گیرد‬
section of the bank, the maximum depth in any
.‫که به صورت درست و به اندازه کافی‬
case being limited to 1.5 m. Also, no pit shall be
‫ مواد حفری‬.‫در ساحه پخش و تپک شود‬
dug within the offset width from the toe of the
,‫تایید شده نباید از ساحه بیرون گردد‬

89 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

embankment required as per the consideration of ‫مگر اینکه ضروریان ساحه را تکافو‬
stability with a minimum width of 10 m. ‫ قراردادی به منظور تامین‬.‫کرده باشد‬
Haulage of material to embankments or other ‫فضای کاری میتواند مواد را به ساحه‬
areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient ‫ای دیگر انتقال دهد و در صورت ضرورت‬
spreading and compaction plant is operating at .‫از آن استفاده گردد‬
the place of deposition. ‫در صورتیکه در جریان کندن کاری‬
‫قراردادی به مواد مناسب و نا مناسب‬
No excavated acceptable material other than
‫ حفر آنرا باید قسمی انجام‬,‫بر میخورد‬
surplus to requirements of the Contract shall be
‫دهد تا مواد قابل استفاده آن با مواد‬
removed from the site. Should the Contractor be
.‫غیر ضروری خلط نگردد‬
permitted to remove acceptable material from the
‫قراردادی باید تضمین نماید که طریقه‬
site to suit his operational procedure, then he shall ‫ذخیره سازی آن ها باعث تضعیف مقاومت‬
make good any consequent deficit of material ‫حفره ها یا پر کاری ها نمیگردد با‬
arising therefrom. ‫استفاده از ساحه ساخته شده برای‬
Where the excavation reveals a combination of .‫ذخیره سازی مواد‬
acceptable and unacceptable material, the ‫قراردادی باید از تمام ساحه که از‬
Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the ‫مواد گرفته میشود به شکل نمونه ای و‬
Engineer, carry out the excavation in such a ‫مطابق به پالن تایید شده توسط انجنییر‬
manner that the acceptable materials are ‫ باید‬.‫برای تست ها نمونه اخذ نماید‬
excavated separately for use in the permanent ‫تضمین گردد که مواد متذکره بعد از‬
works without contamination by the unacceptable CBR ‫تپک کاری به کثافت معینه به‬
materials. The acceptable materials shall be .‫دلخواه میرسد‬
stockpiled separately.
The Contractor shall ensure that he does not
adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills
by the representative samples from each of the
identified borrow areas and have these tested at
the size laboratory following a testing program
approved by the Engineer. It shall be ensured that
the subgrade material when compacted to the
density requirements shall yield the design CBR
value of the subgrade.

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬205.3

205.3.1 Setting out ‫ آماده سازی‬205.3.1
After the site has been cleared to Clause 201, the ‫بعد از پاک کاری ساحه مزابق به ماده‬
work shall be set out to Clause 203.3.1. The limits ‫ آغاز‬203.3.1 ‫ کار برای ماده‬,201
of embankment/subgrade shall be marked by . ‫میگردد‬
‫اندازه ها برای خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی‬
fixing batter pegs on both sides at regular intervals
‫توسط میخ ها در هر دو انجام به صورت‬
as guides before commencing the earthwork. The
‫پی هم قبل از آغاز کار نشانی گذاری‬
embankment/ subgrade shall be built sufficiently
‫ خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی باید‬.‫میگردد‬
wider than the design dimension so that surplus ‫به عرض زیاد تر انداخته شود تا مواد‬
material may be trimmed, ensuring that the ‫ به شرط اینکه‬,‫اضافی آن تراش گردد‬
remaining material is to the desired density and in ‫مواد اضافی دارای کثافت معینه بوده‬

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Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

position specified and conforms to the specified ‫و در موقعیت داده شده و به میل های‬
side slopes. . ‫تعین شده باشد‬

205.3.2 Dewatering ‫ آب گیری‬205.3.2

If the foundation of the embankment is in an area ‫اگر تهداب خاکریزی در ساحه ای که‬
with stagnant water, and in the opinion of the ‫ و انجنییر برطرف‬,‫دارای آب راکد باشد‬
‫ آب متذکره‬,‫کردن آنرا توصیه مینماید‬
Engineer it is feasible to remove it, the same shall
,‫باید توسط پمپ و یا سطل برطرف گردد‬
be removed by bailing out or pumping, as directed
‫و بعد از تاییدی انجنییر ساحه باید‬
by the Engineer and the area of the embankment
. ‫به صورت خشک نگهداری گردد‬
foundation shall be kept dry. Care shall be taken
‫در جریان خارج نمودن آب توجه صورت‬
to discharge the drained water so as not to cause ‫ حاصالت و‬,‫گیرد تا به سایر کار ها‬
damage to the works, crops or any other property. ‫ در صورت عدم‬.‫ملکیت ها صدمه نرسد‬
Due to any negligence on the part of the ‫توجه قرادادی هر نوع تخریبات نایل‬
Contractor, if any such damage is caused, it shall ‫شده توسط قراردادی به مصارف خود‬
be the sole responsibility of the Contractor to .‫قراردادی ترمیم و بازسازی گردد‬
repair/restore it to original condition or
compensate the damage at his own cost.

205.3.3 Stripping and storing topsoil ‫ تراش و نگهداری خاک طبقه‬205.3.3

In localities where most of the available ‫باالیی‬
embankment materials are not conductive to ‫در همسایه گی ها که اکثر مواد‬
‫خاکریزی های موجوده مناسب به رشد‬
plant growth, or when so directed by the Engineer,
‫ یا قسمی که توسط‬,‫نباتات نمیباشد‬
the topsoil from all areas of cutting and from all
‫ خاک طبقه‬,‫انجنییر هدایت داده میشود‬
areas to be covered by embankment foundation
‫باالیی از تمام ساحات تراش شده و از‬
shall be stripped to specified depths not exceeding ‫ساحاتیکه توسط تهداب خاکریزی پوشش‬
150 mm and stored in stockpiles of height not ‫میگردد به الیه های داده شده که عمق‬
exceeding 2 m for covering embankment slopes. ‫ متر اضافه‬2 ‫ متر و ارتقاع‬150 ‫آن از‬
Cut slopes and other disturbed areas where re- ,‫نباشد برای پوشش میل های خاکریزی‬
vegetation is desired. Topsoil shall not be ‫میل های قطعات و سایر ساحات دست‬
unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or ‫خورده که نیاز به دوباره ترمیم داشته‬
when in a stockpile. Stockpiles shall not be ‫ خاک طبقه باالیی‬.‫باشد ذخیره گردد‬
surcharged or stripping or otherwise loaded and ‫نباید بدون نیاز قبل از تراش کاری و‬
multiple handle shall be kept to a minimum. .‫یا از مکان ذخیره شده انتقال گردد‬
‫ذخیره نباید اضافه بار گردد یا اینکه‬
‫بار گیری و انتقاالت به حد کافی کم‬
.‫گردد‬

205.3.4 Compacting ground supporting ‫برای‬ ‫زمین‬ ‫کاری‬ ‫تپک‬ 205.3.4

embankment/subgrade ‫ بدنه خاکی‬/‫استحکامات خاکریزی‬
Where necessary, the original ground shall be ‫ زمین طبیعی لویول شده‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
‫ تراش گردیده‬,‫و به طبقه اولی خاکریزی‬
leveled to facilitate placement of first layer of
‫ً توسط رولر برای‬
‫با آب خلط شده و بعدا‬
embankment, scarified, mixed with water and
‫ فیصد کثافت نسبی‬95 ‫به دست آوردن‬
then compacted by rolling so as to achieve 95

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percent of the maximum dry density determined ‫آماده‬ ‫آشتو‬ 99-‫تی‬ ‫ماده‬ ‫مطابق به‬
according to AASHTO T 99. . ‫میگردد‬
In case where the difference between the ‫در صورتی که تفاوت بین سطح بدنه خاکی‬
subgrade level (top of the subgrade on which ‫(قسمت باالی بدنه خاکی که باالی آن سرک‬
pavement rests) and ground level is less than 0.5 0.5 ‫واقع میگردد) و سطح زمین کمتر از‬
m and the ground does not have 95 percent of the ‫ فیصد‬95 ‫متر باشد و زمین آن دارای‬
maximum dry density, the ground shall be ‫ زمین آن به عمق‬,‫کثافت نسبی نباشد‬
‫ آب پاشی شده و‬,‫ متر سست گردیده‬0.5
loosened up to a level 0.5 m below the subgrade
‫به طبقات داده شده مطابق به ماده‬
level, watered and compacted in layers in
‫ تپک کاری گردیده‬205.3.6 ‫ و‬205.3.5
accordance with Clauses 205.3.5 and 205.3.6 to
‫ فیصد را‬95 ‫تا کثافت اضافه تر از‬
not less than 95 percent of the maximum dry
. ‫ به دست آید‬AASTO T-99 ‫مطابق به‬
density determined according to AASHTO T 99. ‫قسمی که توسط انجنییر هدایت داده‬
Where so directed by the Engineer, any unsuitable ‫ در صورت برخورد با مواد نا‬,‫میشود‬
material occurring in the embankment foundation ‫ مواد‬,‫مناسب در تهداب خاکریزی‬
shall be removed and replaced by approved ‫متذکره باید با مواد تایید شده به‬
materials laid in layers to the required degree of .‫صورت طبقاتی جابجا و تپک گردد‬
compaction. ‫کار خاکریزی یا بدنه خاکی نباید الی‬
Embankment or subgrade work shall not proceed ‫قبولی و بازرسی تهداب ها توسط‬
until the foundations for embankment/subgrade ‫انجنییر به منظور به دست آوردن نتایج‬
have been inspected by the Engineer for . ‫مطلوب انجام گردد‬
satisfactory condition and approved. ‫هر نوع استحکامات برای خاکریزی ها‬
Any foundation treatment specified for ‫ که باالی‬,‫ً خاکریزی های مرتفیع‬ ‫خصوصا‬
embankments especially high embankments, ‫تهداب های متزلزل که در اثر تست بور‬
‫تشخیص شده باید به روش و عمق داده‬
resting on suspect foundations as revealed by
‫ اگر‬.‫شده توسط انجنییر انجام شود‬
borehole logs shall be carried out in a manner and
‫زمینی که باالی آن خاکریزی انجام‬
to the depth as desired by the Engineer. Where
‫ در ماده‬f ‫ تا‬a ‫میشود از مواد نوع‬
the ground on which an embankment is to be built
‫ ملی متر‬500 ‫ حد اقل‬,‫ باشد‬205.2.1
has any of the material types (1) to (5) in Clause ‫از این مواد برداشته شده و با مواد‬
205.2.1, at least 500 mm of such material must be ‫مناسب قبل از شروع کار خاکریزی تبدیل‬
removed and replaced by acceptable fill material .‫گردد‬
before embankment construction commences.

205.3.5 Spreading material in layers and ‫ پخش مواد در طبقات و مرطوب‬205.3.5

bringing to appropriate moisture content ‫سازی‬
The embankment and subgrade material shall be ‫خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی به طبقات با‬
200 ‫ذخامت یکنواخت که اضافه تر از‬
spread in layers of uniform thickness not
‫ملی بعد از تپک کاری نبوده در تمام‬
exceeding 200 mm compacted thickness over the
,‫عرض خاکریزی توسط روش های میخانیکی‬
entire width of embankment by mechanical
‫آماده شده توسط گریدر و تپک کاری آن‬
means, finished by a motor grader and compacted .‫ باشد صورت بگیرد‬, 205.3.6 ‫طبق ماده‬
as per Clause 205.3.6. The motor grader blade ‫ای‬ ‫تیغه‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫باید‬ ‫گریدر‬
shall have hydraulic control suitable for initial ‫هایدرولیکی بوده تا میل داده شده را‬
adjustment and maintain the same so as to ‫در تمام ساحه به صورت منظم کنترول‬
achieve the specific slope and grade. Successive ‫ طبقات بعدی الی ختم کار طبقه‬.‫نماید‬
layers shall not be placed until the layer under ‫زیر کار انداخته نمیشود تا اینکه تست‬
construction has been thoroughly compacted to AASHTO T 99 ‫های تپک کاری مطابق به‬

92 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

95 percent of the maximum dry density ‫ هر طبقه ای تپک‬.‫موفقانه سپری شود‬

determined according to AASHTO T 99 and ‫شده باید موازی با مقطع نهایی‬
approved by the Engineer. Each compacted layer . ‫خاکریزی آماده گردد‬
shall be finished parallel to the final cross-section ‫رطوبت مواد در ساحه و قبل از آغاز‬
of the embankment. ‫کار بررسی گردد؛ اگر مطابق به اندازه‬
Moisture content of the material shall be checked .‫ها نباشد باید دوباره آماده گردد‬
‫در صورتی که آب برای چنین کا ها‬
at the site of placement prior to commencement
‫ آب باید توسط آب پاش از‬,‫ضرورت باشد‬
of compaction; if found to be out of agreed limits,
‫یک تانکر آب با نرخ پخش ثابت و به‬
the same shall be made good. Where water is
‫تمام عرض داده شده که آب پاش آن قابل‬
required to be added in such constructions, water ‫کنترول باشد صورت بگیرد تا از اضافه‬
shall be sprinkled from a water tanker fitted with ‫ آب‬.‫شدن آب در یک ساحه جلوگیری گردد‬
sprinkler capable of applying water uniformly with ‫باید به صورت منظم و یکنواخت به خاک‬
a controllable rate of flow to variable widths of ‫اضافه گردیده و به صورت درست خلط‬
surface but without any flooding. The water shall ‫گردد تا در تمام عمق آن رطوبت به‬
be added uniformly and thoroughly mixed in soil .‫صورت همناخت پخش گردد‬
until uniform moisture content is obtained ‫اگر خاکیکه به بستر سرک انتقال‬
throughout the depth of the layer. ‫ باید خشک‬,‫میگردد بسیار مرطوب باشد‬
After adding the required amount of water, the ‫ به واسطه گذاشتن آن در فضای‬,‫گردد‬
soil shall be processed by means of graders, ‫ تا وقتی که رطوبت آن‬,‫آزاد و آفتاب‬
harrows, rotary mixers or as otherwise approved ‫ در‬.‫قابل قبول برای تپک کاری باشد‬
‫صورت مواجه شدن به حالتی که رطوبت‬
by the Engineer until the layer is uniformly wet.
‫خاک به طریفه های ذکر شده کاهش‬
Clods or hard lumps of earth shall be broken to
‫ کار تپک کاری باید به تعویق‬,‫نیابد‬
have a maximum size of 75 mm when being placed
. ‫افتد‬
in the embankment and a maximum size of 50 mm
,‫بعد از اضافه نمودن مقدار کافی آب‬
when being placed in the subgrade. ‫مواد به صورت درست توسط گریدر و یا‬
Embankment and other areas of fill shall, unless ‫سایر وسایل مخلوط میگردد تا رطوبت‬
otherwise required in the Contract or permitted . ‫در تمام ساحات خاک یکنواخت گردد‬
by the Engineer, be constructed evenly over their ‫کلوخه های زمین باید به اندازه ای‬
full width and their fullest possible extent and the ‫ ملی برای خاکریزی ها‬75 ‫کوچک تر از‬
Contractor shall control and direct construction ‫ ملی برای‬50 ‫و اندازه های کوچکتر از‬
plant and other vehicular traffic uniformly over ‫ خاکریزی و سایر‬.‫بدنه خاکی باشد‬
them. Damage by construction plant and other ‫ مگر اینکه در‬,‫موارد پرکاری باید‬
vehicular traffic shall be made good by the ‫قراداد ذکر گردیده باشد و یا اینکه‬
Contractor with material having the same ‫ به عرض مکمل‬,‫تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
characteristics and strength as the material had ‫داده شده و به وسعت کامل ساخته شود‬
‫و قرادادی باید عبور و مرور وسایط‬
before it was damaged.
.‫پروژه و سایر وسایط را کنترول نماید‬
Embankment and other areas of unsupported fills
‫در صورت تخریب ساحه توسط وسایط پروژه‬
shall not be constructed with steeper side slopes,
‫و یا سایر وسایط باید توسط قراردادی‬
or to greater widths than those shown in the ‫با مواد و کیفیت همجنس آن ترمیم‬
Contract, except to permit adequate compaction . ‫گردد‬
at the edges before trimming back, or to obtain ‫خاکریزی و سایر ساحات پر کاری شده‬
the final profile following any settlement of the fill ,‫غیر تحکیمی نباید با میل های تند‬
and the underlying material. ‫یا عرض های اضافه تر از آن که در‬
Whenever fill is to be deposited against the face of ‫ ساخته شود مگر‬,‫قراداد نشان داده شده‬
a natural slope, or sloping earthworks face ‫اینکه کناره های آن قابلیت تپک شدن‬

93 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

including embankments, cuttings, other fills and ‫ یا اینکه‬,‫به حد کافی را دارا بوده‬
excavations steeper than 1 vertical on 4 ‫پروفایل نهایی آن بعد از هر نوع نشست‬
horizontal, such faces shall be benched as per ‫نگهداری گردد‬
Clause 205.4.1 immediately before placing the ‫در صورتی که پر کاری در مقابل سطح‬
subsequent fill. ‫ یا سطوح میل دار‬,‫طبیعی قرار گیرد‬
‫ سایر‬,‫ تراش کاری‬,‫شامل خاکریزی گردد‬
All permanent faces of side slopes of
1 ‫پر کاری ها و حفر های تند تر از‬
embankments and other areas of fill formed shall,
‫ این سطوح نظر به‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫به نسبت‬
subsequent to any trimming operations, be ‫ً قبل از جابجایی‬‫ دقیقاا‬205.4.1 ‫ماده‬
reworked and sealed to the satisfaction of the ‫طبقات بعدی عالمه گذاری گردد‬
Engineer and tracking a tracked vehicle, ‫تمام سطوح دایمی میل های جانبی‬
considered suitable by the Engineer, on the slope ‫خاکریزی ها و سایر ساحات پرکاری‬
or any other method approved by the Engineer. ,‫ بعد از هر نوع تراش کاری‬,‫باید‬
‫دوباره ترتیب و تنظیم گردد تا مورد‬
‫تایید انجنییر توسط روش های مربوطه‬
. ‫آن قرار گیرد‬

205.3.6 Compaction ‫ تپک کاری‬205.3.6

Only the compaction equipment approved by the ‫تنها وسایط تایید شده توسط انجنییر‬
Engineer shall be employed to compact the ‫برای انجام کار تپک کاری مورد‬
different material types encountered during . Smooth wheeled, ‫استفاده قرار گیرد‬
construction. Smooth wheeled, vibratory, ‫و‬vibratory, pneumatic tired, pad foot rollers
‫غیره انواع وسایط با اندازه های‬
pneumatic tired, pad foot rollers, etc. of suitable
‫مناسب که تایید شده انجنییر باشد به‬
size and capacity as approved by the Engineer shall
‫منظور تپک کاری به صورت انفرادی و‬
be used for the different types and grades of
‫قرار‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫ترکیبی‬ ‫یا‬
materials required to be compacted either
. ‫میگیرد‬
individually or in suitable combinations. ‫ترکیب آن باید به کمک رولر وایبریتور‬
The compaction shall be done with the help of dram ‫ نیوتن با‬100 ‫ الی‬80 ‫که وزن آن‬
vibratory roller of 80 to 100 kN static weight with ‫های سطحی یا زمینی و یا نیوماتیک‬
plain or pad foot drum or heavy pneumatic tired ‫رولر که دارای اندازه کافی برای به‬
roller of adequate capacity capable of achieving ‫دست آوردن کثافت داده شده باشد انجام‬
required compaction. . ‫گیرد‬
The Contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of ‫قرار دادی به منظور نشان دادن موثریت‬
the equipment he intends to use by carrying out ‫وسایط مورد استفاده باید تپک کاری‬
compaction trials. The procedure to be adopted ‫ روش‬.‫های امتحانی را به راه بیاندازد‬
for these site trials shall first be submitted to the ‫های براه اندازی این کار ها باید از‬
Engineer for approval. ‫قبل برای تاییدی به انجنییر ارسال‬
Earthmoving plant shall not be accepted as . ‫گردد‬
compaction equipment nor shall the use of a ‫وسایلی که باعث انتقال خاک میگردد و‬
‫وسایلی که دارای وزن کم بوده و برای‬
lighter category of plant to provide any
‫تپک کاری نهایی نیاز به وسیله وزن‬
preliminary compaction to assist the use of
‫دار دیگر را داشته باشد به منظور تپک‬
heavier plant be taken into account.
. ‫کاری قابل قبول نمیباشد‬
Each layer of the material shall be thoroughly
95 ‫هر طبقه از مواد به صورت منظم به‬
compacted to 95 percent of the maximum dry
‫ تپک کاری‬AASHTO T 99 ‫فیصد نظر به‬
density determined according to AASHTO T 99. ‫ طبقات بعدی بعد از تست و قبولی‬.‫گردد‬

94 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Subsequent layers shall be placed only after the ‫طبقه قبلی آن توسط انجنییر قابل اجرا‬
finished layer has been tested and accepted by the ‫ در صورتی که تست کثافت ساحه‬.‫میباشد‬
Engineer. ‫ ساحه باید بیشتر تحت‬,‫کمتر نتیجه دهد‬
When density measurements reveal any soft areas ‫ و در‬.‫نظر انجنییر تپک کاری گردد‬
in the embankment/subgrade/earthen shoulders, ‫صورتی که باز هم هدف مورد نظر حاصل‬
‫ مواد در ساحه با مواد تایید شده‬,‫نشد‬
further compaction shall be carried out as directed
‫نبدیل گردد و به مقاضیات داده شده‬
by the Engineer. If in spite of that the specified
‫تپک کاری گردد تا قناعت انجنییر حاصل‬
compaction is not achieved, the material in the
.‫گردد‬
soft areas shall be removed and replaced by
approved material, compacted to the density
requirements and satisfaction of the Engineer.

205.3.7 Drainage ‫ دریناژ‬205.3.7

The surface of the embankment/subgrade at all ‫تمام‬ ‫بدنه خاکی در‬/‫سطح خاکریزی‬
times during construction shall be maintained at ‫شکلی‬ ‫جریان ساخت و ساز باید به‬
‫برای‬ ‫نگهداری گردد (هموار تر از آنکه‬
such a cross fall (not flatter than that required for
‫زمین‬ ‫جریان بهتر آب های اضافی در روی‬
effective drainage of an earthen surface) as will
‫کرده‬ ‫میگردد نباشد) تا آب را بیرون‬
shed water and prevent ponding.
.‫و باعث تجموع آن نگردد‬

205.3.8 Repairing of damages caused by ‫ ترمیم خصارات وارد شده در‬205.3.8

rain/spillage of water ‫عبور آب سطحی‬/‫اثر باران‬
The soil in the affected portion shall be removed ‫خاک تخریب شده از ساحات تعین شده‬
‫توسط انجنییر قبل از جابجایی و تپک‬
in such areas as directed by the Engineer before
‫ اگر‬.‫کاری طبقه بعدی برداشته شود‬
next layer is laid and refilled in layers and
‫ساحه حفر شده دارای عرض کافی برای‬
compacted using appropriate mechanical means
‫استفاده وسایل به منظور تپک کاری را‬
such as small vibratory roller, plate compactor or ‫ ساحه عریض گردیده تا‬,‫نداشته باشد‬
power rammer to achieve the required density in ‫به درستی در آن عمل تپک کاری انجام‬
accordance with Clause 205.3.6. If the cut is not ‫ تست ها به منظور تعین در جه‬.‫شود‬
sufficiently wide for use of required mechanical ‫تپک کاری ساحه توسط انجنییر به راه‬
means for compaction, the same shall be widened ‫ کار ترمیمم ساحات‬.‫انداخته میشود‬
suitably to permit their use for proper ‫تخریب شده در اثر عریض سازی توسط‬
compaction. Tests shall be carried out as directed ‫قراردادی و به مصارف خود قراردادی‬
by the Engineer to ascertain the density ‫انجام میگردد که شامل تدارک ماشین‬
requirements of the repaired area. The work of ‫آالت و وسایل برای به راه اندازی هدف‬
repairing the damages including widening of the .‫متذکره صورت میگیرد‬
cut, if any, shall be carried out by the Contractor
at his own cost, including the arranging of
machinery/equipment for the purpose.

205.3.9 Finishing operations ‫ عملیات برای تکمیلی‬205.3.9

Finishing operations shall include the work of ‫آراستن نهایی شامل کار آراستن و‬
shaping and dressing the shoulders /verge ‫ بدنه اصلی و‬,‫ حاشیه‬,‫ترتیب محوطه‬
‫میل های جانبی میشود که مطابق به‬
/roadbed and side slopes to conform to the
‫ مقطع و ابعاد داده شده‬,‫ لیول‬,‫مسیر‬
alignment, levels, cross-sections and dimensions

95 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

shown on the drawings or as directed by the ‫در نقشه و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر در‬
Engineer subject to the acceptable surface ‫ هردو انجام‬.‫محدوده داده شده باشد‬
tolerance. Both the upper and lower ends of the ‫های باالیی و پایانی میل های جانبی‬
side slopes shall be rounded off to improve ‫باید مطابق به خاکریزی های کناری آن‬
appearance and to merge the embankment with .‫ترتیب و تنظیم گردد‬
the adjacent terrain. ‫خاک طبقه باالیی که برداشته و ذخیره‬
‫گردیده بود در میل های پر کاری شده‬
The topsoil, removed and conserved earlier shall
‫پخش گردد تا در آن نباتات نشو و نمو‬
be spread over the fill slopes as per directions of
‫ میل ها باید درشت و مرطوب گردد‬.‫کند‬
the Engineer to facilitate the growth of vegetation.
‫ عمق‬.‫تا زبقه باالیی با آن محکم گردد‬
Slopes shall be roughened and moistened slightly ‫طبقه باالیی باید به حدی باشد مه در‬
prior to the application of the topsoil in order to ‫ که‬,‫آن نباتات به درستی رشد نماید‬
provide satisfactory bond. The depth of the topsoil ‫ ملی‬150 ‫ ملی الی‬75 ‫عمق معمولی آن‬
shall be sufficient to sustain plant growth, the .‫میباشد‬
usual thickness being from 75 mm to 150 mm. ‫ میل ها با چمن مطابق‬,‫در صورت هدایت‬
Where directed, the slopes shall be turfed with ‫ اگر تخم‬.‫ پوشانیده شود‬207 ‫به ماده‬
sods in accordance with Clause 207. If seeding and ‫پاشی و مالچنگ برای میل ها از قبل‬
mulching of slopes is prescribed, this shall be done ‫ این باید در مزابفت‬,‫ذکر گردیده باشد‬
to the requirement of Clause 208. 208 ‫با مقتضیات داده شده در ماده‬
When earthwork operations have been .‫صورت گیرد‬
substantially completed, the road area shall be ‫وقتی که کار برای بدنه خاکی به صورت‬
cleared of all debris, and ugly scars in the ‫ ساحه کاری عاری از‬,‫کافی تکمیل گردد‬
‫هر نوع ناپاکی ها گردد و مواد غیر‬
construction area responsible for objectionable
.‫ضروری باید از امورات حذف گردد‬
appearance shall be eliminated.

Construction of Embankment and ‫ ساخت و ساز خاکریزی و بدنه‬205.4

Subgrade under special Conditions ‫خاکی تحت شرایط خاص‬
205.4.1 Earthwork for widening existing road ‫ عریض سازی خاکریزی موجوده‬205.4.1
embankment ‫سرک‬
When an existing embankment and/or subgrade is ‫اگر خاکریزی و یا بدنه خاکی موجوده‬
‫عریض میگردد و میل های آن تند تر از‬
to be widened and its slopes are steeper than 1
‫ به میل های قبلی‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫ به نسبت‬1
vertical on 4 horizontal, continuous horizontal
‫قطع گردد تا چسپش ممکنه را با‬
benches, each at least 300 mm wide, shall be cut
‫خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی تازه جابجا شده‬
into the old slope for ensuring adequate bond with ‫ موادیکه از قطع کاری‬.‫ایجاد نماید‬
the fresh embankment/subgrade material to be ‫بنچ ها به دست می آید میتوان از آن‬
added. The material obtained from cutting of ‫در عریض سازی خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی‬
benches could be utilized in the widening of the ‫ اگر میل‬,‫ به هر حال‬.‫استفاده کرد‬
embankment/subgrade. However, when the ‫موجوده که در آن مواد اضافه میگردد‬
existing slope against which the fresh material is ‫ سطح‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫ به نسبت‬1 ‫هموار تر از‬
to be placed is flatter than 1 vertical on 4 ‫میل دار تنها تراش گردد تا اینکه به‬
horizontal, the slope surface may only be . ‫بنچ ها عالوه گردد‬
ploughed or scarified instead of resorting to ‫اگر عرض ساحه عریض شده به حد کافی‬
benching. ‫نباشد تا در آن وسایل تپک کاری به‬
‫ از رولر های‬,‫درستی فعالیت نماید‬
‫کوچک به منظور تپک کاری در آن‬

96 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Where the width of the widened portions is ‫ ریختن مواد از عقب‬.‫استفاده گردد‬
insufficient to permit the use of conventional ‫ مگر‬,‫موتر تا حد امکان جلوگیری گردد‬
rollers, compaction shall be carried out with the ‫اینکه ساحه برای استفاده وسیله دیگر‬
help of small vibratory rollers/plate .‫کافی نباشد‬
compactors/power rammers or any other
appropriate equipment approved by the Engineer.
End dumping of material from trucks for widening
operations shall be avoided except in difficult
circumstances when the extra width is too narrow
to permit the movement of any other types of
hauling equipment.

205.4.2 Earthwork for embankment and ‫ خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی که در‬205.4.2

subgrade to be placed against sloping ground . ‫سطح میل دار جابجا میگردد‬
Where an embankment/subgrade is to be placed ‫در حالتی که خاکریزی یا بدنه خاکی‬
‫ ساحه‬,‫در یک سطح میل دار ریخت میگردد‬
against sloping ground, the latter shall be
‫باید به صورت درست تراش شده و به‬
appropriately benched or ploughed/scarified as
‫منظور ریخت خاکریزی یا بدننه خاکی‬
required in Clause 205.4.1 before placing the
‫ بنچ کاری در اثر‬.‫نشانی گذاری شود‬
embankment/subgrade material. Extra earthwork ‫تراش کاری و غیره از جمله ضروریات‬
involved in benching or due to plowing/scarifying . ‫برای تکمیل کار به حساب می آید‬
etc. shall be considered incidental to the work. ‫ قالب های با درآمده‬,‫در حاالت مرطوب‬
For wet conditions, benches with slightly inward ‫گی کم به طرف داخل و دریناج خاک طبقه‬
fall and subsoil at the lowest point shall be ‫پایینی در پایین ترین نقطه مطاق به‬
provided as per the drawings, before the fill is ‫ قبل از اینکه‬,‫نقشه ها تهیه گردد‬
placed against sloping ground. ‫مواد برای پر کاری در سطح آن اضافه‬
.‫گردد‬

205.4.3 Earthwork over existing road surface ‫ کار بدنه خاکی باالی سطح سرک‬205.4.3
Where the embankment is to be placed over an ‫موجوده‬
existing road surface, the work shall be carried out ‫در صورتی که خاکریزی باالی سطح سرک‬
‫ کار آن طبق ذیل‬,‫موجوده جابجا گردد‬
as indicated below:
.‫اجرا میگردد‬
(1) If the existing road surface is of granular
‫اگر سطح موجوده از جغل یا‬ )i(
or bituminous type and lies within 1 m of
‫اسفالت باشد و در یک متری‬
the new subgrade level, the same shall be
,‫بدنه خاکی جدید واقع شود‬
scarified to a depth of 50 mm or more if
‫ ملی یا‬500 ‫باید به عمق‬
specified, so as to provide ample bond ‫ تا‬,‫اضافه تر تراش گردد‬
between the old and new material ‫باعث ایجاد چسپش بین مواد‬
ensuring that at least 500 mm portion ‫قبلی و مواد جدید گردیده‬
below the top of new subgrade level is ‫ ملی‬500 ‫و حد اقل به عمق‬
compacted to the desired density. ‫متر باید به حد کافی تپک‬
.‫کاری گردد‬
(2) If the existing road surface is of cement
concrete type and lies within 1 m of the ‫اگر سطح موجوده از سمنت‬ )ii(
‫ متری‬1 ‫کانکریت باشد و در‬

97 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

new subgrade level the same shall be ‫بدنه خاکی جدید قرار گیرد‬
removed completely. . ‫باید مکمل برداشته شود‬

(3) If the level difference between the ‫اگر تفاوت لیول بین سطح‬ )iii(
existing road surface and the new ‫سرک موجوده و سطح جدید‬
formation level is more than 1 m, the ,‫ متر باشد‬1 ‫اضافه تر از‬
existing surface shall be permitted to stay ‫سطح موجوده به حالنت آن‬
in place without any modification. .‫بدون تغیر باق می ماند‬

205.4.4 Embankment and subgrade around ‫در‬ ‫خاکی‬ ‫بدنه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ خاکریزی‬205.4.4
structures ‫اطراف ساختمان‬
To avoid interference with the construction of ‫برای جلوگیری از تداخل آن با دیوار‬
‫ دیوار های کناری یا‬,‫های استنادی‬
abutments, wing walls or return walls of
‫دیوار های برگشت ساختمان پل و یا‬
culvert/bridge structures, the Contractor shall, at
‫پلچک در نقاط داده شده توسط انجنییر‬
points to be determined to such structures, until
‫برای کار باقی مانده باالی خاکریزی‬
such time as the construction of the latter is ‫که باعث تشکیل اپروچ ها به ساختمان‬
sufficiently advanced to permit the completion of ‫ تا زمانیکه کار ساخت و ساز‬,‫میگردد‬
approaches without the risk of damage to the ‫بعدی تا حدی ارقاع کرده باشد تا ختم‬
structure. ‫کار اپروچ ها بدون احتمال خطر انجام‬
Unless directed otherwise, the filling around .‫شود‬
culverts, bridges and other structures up to a ‫ پر‬,‫مگر اینکه هدایت داده شده باشد‬
distance of twice the height of the road from the ‫ پل و سایر ساختمان‬,‫کاری اطراف پلچک‬
back of the abutment shall be carried out ‫ها تا به فاصله دو برابر ارتفاع سرک‬
independent of the work on the main ‫از عقب دیوار استنادی باید مجزا از‬
embankment. The fill material shall not be placed ‫ مواد‬.‫کار خاکریزی اصلی انجام شود‬
against any abutment or wing wall, unless ‫پر کاری نباید در مقابل دیوار های‬
‫استنادی یا دیوار های جانبی قرار‬
permission has been given by the Engineer but in
‫ مگر اینکه در آن اجازه‬,‫بگیرد‬
any case not until the concrete or masonry has
‫انجنییر باشد اما به هر حال باید بعد‬
been in position for 14 days. The embankment and
‫ روز از کار خشت کاری یا‬14 ‫از‬
subgrade shall be brought up simultaneously in ‫ خاکریزی و بدنه‬.‫کانکریت ریزی باشد‬
equal layers on each side of the structure to avoid ‫خاکی باید به صورت همزمان در طبقات‬
displacement and unequal pressure. The ‫مساویانه در هر دو طرف ساختمان جابجا‬
sequence of work in this regard shall be got ‫گردد تا باعث ایجاد فشار های جانبی‬
approved from the Engineer. ‫ مراحل کاری در این بخش باید‬.‫نگردد‬
The material used for backfill shall not be an . ‫مورد تایید انجنییر قرار گیرد‬
organic soil or highly plastic clay having plasticity ‫مواد برای پر کاری نباید مواد عضوی‬
index and liquid limit more than 20 and 40 ‫ بیشتر باشد و‬Plasticity ‫و یا خاک دارای‬
respectively when tested according to AASHTO ‫ و‬20 ‫ کمتر از‬Plasticity Index ‫باید دارای‬
T89 and T90 or other relevant international codes ‫ که مطابق به‬40 ‫کمتر از‬Liquid Limit
accepted by the Engineer. The fill material shall be ‫ مواد پر کاری‬.‫ باشد‬T90 ‫و‬AASHTO T8
deposited in horizontal layers in loose thickness ‫باید به شکل طبقات افقی انداخته شده‬
and compacted thoroughly to 95 percent of the ‫و به اندازه داده شده تپک کاری گردد‬
maximum dry density determined according to ‫ فیصد نظر به‬95 ‫تا کثافت نسبی‬
AASHTO T 99. .‫بدست آید‬AASHTO T 99

98 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Where it may be impracticable to use ‫در صورتی که استفاده از فلتر در عقب‬

conventional rollers, the compaction shall be ,‫دیوار استنادی ذکر گردیده باشد‬
carried out by appropriate mechanical means such ‫باید در عین زمان با طبقات مواد پر‬
as small vibratory roller, plate compactor or power .‫کاری اضافه گردد‬
rammer. Care shall be taken to see that the ‫در صورتی که تپک کاری ساحه توسط‬
compaction equipment does not hit or come too ‫ ساحه‬,‫وسایل بزرگ امکان پذیر نباشد‬
‫باید توسط وسایط کوچک و دستی تپک‬
close to any structural member so as to cause any
‫ توجه الزم در جریان این‬.‫کاری گردد‬
damage to them or excessive pressure against the
‫کار مبذول گردد تا به ساختمان ها و‬
structure.
‫اعضای کناری آن اضافه تر از حد نزدیک‬
.‫نگردیده و صدمه نرساند‬

205.4.5 Construction of embankment over ‫ ساخت خاکریزی باالی زمینی که‬205.4.5

ground incapable of supporting construction ‫توانایی برداشت وزن وسایل را ندارد‬
equipment ‫در صورتی که کار باالی ساحه ای جریان‬
‫داشته باشد که توان برداشت وزن وسایل‬
Where embankment is to be constructed across
‫ طبقه اولی با اضافه‬,‫را نداشته باشد‬
ground which will not support the weight of
‫نمودن وزن مواد بعدی در یک ذخامت‬
repeated heavy loads of construction equipment,
‫منظم طبقاتی مورد نیاز برای برداشت‬
the first layer of the fill may be constructed by ‫ قرار‬.‫وزن وسایط ساختمانی انجام شود‬
placing successive loads of material in a uniformly ‫دادی طبق میل خویش میتواند از مواد‬
distributed layer of a minimum thickness required ‫جیوسنتتیک برای بلند بردن مقاومت‬
to support the construction equipment as agreed ‫ این استثنا‬.‫تهداب استفاده نماید‬
by the Engineer. The Contractor, if so desired by ‫نسبت به روش طبیعی مجوز ندارد در‬
him, may also use suitable geosynthetic material ‫ خاکریزی‬,‫ به نظر انجنییر‬,‫صورتی که‬
to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation. ‫ها به صورت درست باالی چنین ساحه به‬
This exception to normal procedure will not be ‫واسطه وسایل سبک بعد از ساختن آبرو‬
permitted where, in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫ها و دریناج ها قابل ساخت و ساز‬
the embankments could be constructed in the ‫ در صورتی که چنین استثناعات‬.‫نباشد‬
‫ انتخاب مواد و روش‬,‫مرعی االجرا باشد‬
approved manner over such ground by the use of
‫ساخت و ساز آن باید به صورت درست‬
lighter or modified equipment after proper
‫انجام شود و مسوولیت تشکیل یک طبقه‬
ditching and drainage have been provided where
.‫قابل قبول به دوش قراردادی میباشد‬
this exception is permitted, the selection of the ‫تامین وضیت درست ترافیکی در جریان‬
material and the construction procedure to obtain ‫کار مسوولیت قراردادی بوده و در بدل‬
an acceptable layer shall be the responsibility of ‫آن هیچ نوع پراخت قابل اجرا‬
the Contractor. The cost of providing suitable ‫سایر خاکریزی ها مطابق به ماده‬.‫نیست‬
traffic conditions for construction equipment over .‫های داده شده انجام گردد‬
any area of the Contract will be the responsibility
of the Contractor and no extra payment will be
made to him. The remainder of the embankment
shall be constructed as specified in Clause 205.4.

205.4.6 Embankment construction under water ‫ خاکریزی در زیر آب‬205.4.6

Where filling or backfilling is to be placed under ‫در صورتی که پر کاری در زیر آب مورد‬
water, only acceptable granular material or rock ‫ تنها مواد جغل دار یا سنگ‬,‫نظر باشد‬
‫ مگر اینکه‬,‫قابل استفاده میباشد‬
shall be used unless otherwise approved by the
‫مواد دیگرد مورد تایید انجنییر‬

99 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Engineer. Acceptable granular material shall ‫ مواد قابل قبول جغل دار باید‬.‫باشد‬
consist of graded, hard durable particles with ‫ پارچه های‬,‫متشکل از مواد گرید شده‬
maximum particle size not exceeding 75 mm. The .‫ ملی متر باشد‬75 ‫محکم با سایز اعظمی‬
material should be non-plastic having uniformity ‫مواد نباید پالستیکی باشد و دارای‬
co-efficient of not less than 10. The material ‫ و یا اضافه تر‬10 ‫ضریب همنواختی‬
‫مواد جابجا شده در آب های سر‬.‫باشد‬
placed in open water shall be deposited by end
‫باز باید با کناره های تپک ناشده‬
tipping without compaction.
.‫گذاشته شود‬

205.4.7 Earthwork for high embankment ‫ کار های خاکی برای خاکریزی‬205.4.7
In the case of high embankments, the Contractor ‫های بلند‬
shall normally use the material from the specified ‫ قراردادی‬,‫در صورت خاکریزی های بلند‬
‫به طور نارمل مواد آن را از ذخیره‬
borrow area. In case he desires to use different
‫ در صورتی‬.‫های تعین شده اخذ نماید‬
material for his own convenience, he shall have to
‫که قراردادی میل داشته باشد تا مواد‬
carry out necessary soil investigations and
‫را از کدام منبع دیگیری بدست آورد‬
redesign the high embankment at his own cost. ‫باید تست های ضروری را در مورد آن‬
The Contractor shall then furnish the soil test data ‫انجام داده و آنرا دوباره به مصارف‬
and design of high embankment for approval of ً
‫ قراردای بعدا‬.‫خود دیزاین نماید‬
the Engineer, who reserves the right to accept or ‫تمام تست ها را برای تاییدی به‬
reject it. ‫ که انجنییر‬,‫انجنییر ارسال بدارد‬
If necessary, stage construction of fills and any . ‫صالحیت رد و یا تایید آنرا دارد‬
controlled rates of filling shall be carried out in ‫ ساخت و ساز طبقه ای‬,‫در صورت نیاز‬
accordance with the Contract including ‫مواد پر کاری و هر یک از نرخ های‬
installation of instruments and it’s monitoring. ‫کنترول شده پر کاری باید در مطابقت‬
Where required, the Contractor shall surcharge ‫با قراردادی که شامل نصب وسایل و روش‬
embankments or other areas of fill with approved ‫بازرسی آن میشود‬
‫ قراردادی باید‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
material for the periods specified in the Contract.
‫خاکریزی ها یا سایر ساحات پر کاری‬
If settlement of surcharged fill results in any
‫شده با مواد تایید شده را الی مدت‬
surcharging material, which is unacceptable for
‫تعین شده در قرارداد اضافه بار‬
use in the fill being surcharged, lying below ‫ اگر نشست مواد اضافه بار باعث‬.‫نماید‬
formation level, the Contractor shall remove the ‫ که غیر قابل‬,‫اضافه باری مواد میگردد‬
unacceptable material and dispose it as per ‫استفاده برای پر کاری اضافه باری‬
direction of the Engineer. He shall then bring the ,‫در پایین طبقه باقی میماند‬,‫است‬
resultant level up to formation level with ‫قرار دادی مکلف است تا مواد قبول‬
acceptable material. ‫ناشده را بر طرف کرده و آنرا مطابق‬
ً
‫ باید بعدا‬.‫هدایت انجنییر دفع کند‬
‫آنرا به سطح نهایی با مواد قابل قبول‬
.‫در آورد‬

205.4.8 Settlement period ‫ زمان نشست‬205.4.8

Where settlement period is specified in the ‫در صورتی که زمان نشست در قرارداد‬
Contract, the embankment shall remain in place ‫ خاکریزی در موقیع‬,‫ذکر گردیده باشد‬
‫ دیوار های‬,‫نشست قبل از حفر تکیه گاه‬
for the required settlement period before
‫ تهداب و غیره‬,‫ دیوار استنادی‬,‫کناری‬
excavating for abutment, wing wall, retaining wall,
‫جابجا باقی بماند یا اینکه تهداب های‬
footings, etc., or driving foundation piles. The
‫ زمان مورد نیاز برای‬.‫عمیق حفر گردد‬
duration of the required settlement period at each ‫دوره نشست در هر موقعیت باید قسمی‬

100 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

location shall be as provided for in the Contract or ‫که در قرارداد ذکر گردیده و یا طبق‬
as directed by the Engineer. .‫هدایت انجنییر باشد‬

Plying of Traffic ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک‬205.5

Construction and other vehicular traffic shall not ‫وسایط ساخت و ساز و سایر وسایط نباید‬
use the prepared surface of the embankment ‫بدون اجازه انجنییر باالی سطوح آماده‬
and/or subgrade without the prior permission of .‫شده خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی تردد نماید‬
the Engineer. Any damage arising out of such use ‫هر نوع تخریب و صدمه بوجود آمده در‬
shall, however, be made good by the Contractor at ‫اثر آن توسط قراردادی و به مصارف خود‬
his own expense as directed by the Engineer. .‫قراردادی ترمیم گردد‬

Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work ‫ آماده سازی سطح و کنترول‬205.6
‫کیفیت کار‬
The surface finish of construction of subgrade shall ‫آماده سازی سطح برای بدنه خاکی مطابق‬
conform to the requirements of Clause 206. ‫ کتنرول‬.‫ باشد‬206 ‫به مقتضیات ماده‬
Control on the quality of materials and works shall ‫کیفیت باید در مطابقت به ماده های‬
conform to as specified in the relevant clauses of .‫داده شده مربوطه طرزالعمل باشد‬
these Specifications.

Subgrade Strength ‫ مقاومت بدنه خاکی‬205.7

It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that ‫قبل از انتقال مواد از ساحه بیرونی‬
the borrow area material to be used in the ‫ آن‬CBR ‫باید مقتضیات داده شده برای‬
subgrade satisfies the requirements of design CBR. .‫باید به حد کافی باشد‬
Subgrade shall be compacted and finished to the ‫بدنه خاکی باید تپک و آماده شده با‬
design strength consistent with other physical ‫مقاومت داده شده در مطابقت با‬
requirements. The actual laboratory CBR values of ‫حقیقی‬ ‫مقادیر‬ .‫باشد‬ ‫طرزالعمل‬
constructed subgrade shall be determined on ‫ برای بدنه خاکی باید‬CBR ‫البراطواری‬
undisturbed samples cut out from the compacted ‫باالی نمونه های دست نخورده ای گرفته‬
subgrade in CBR mould fitted with cutting shoe or CBR ‫شده ازاز بدنه خاکی تپک شده در‬
‫قالب شده از مواد قطع شده یا باالی‬
on remolded samples, compacted to the field
‫ تپک شده‬,‫نمونه های دوباره قالب شده‬
density at the field moisture content.
.‫به کثافت ساحوی به رطوبت ساحوی‬

Measurements for Payment ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت‬205.8

Earth embankment/subgrade construction shall ‫هر پر کاری و بدنه خاکی با گرفتن‬
be measured separately by taking cross sections at ‫مقطع از نقطه اصلی قبل از شروع کار‬
intervals in the original position before the work ‫و بعد از تکمیل کار و با محاسبه کار‬
starts and after its completion and computing the ‫خاک آن به متر مکعب اندازه گیری‬
volumes of earthwork in cubic meters by the . ‫میگردد‬
method of average end areas. ‫اندازه گیری برای مواد انتقال شده‬
‫از بیرون عبارت خاهد بود از تفاوت‬
The measurement of fill material from borrow
‫مجموع مواد تپک شده و مجموع مواد‬
areas shall be the difference between the net
‫آورده شده از اثر کندن کاری سرک و‬
quantities of compacted fill and the net quantities
.‫ساختمان‬
of suitable material brought from roadway and

101 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

drainage excavation. For this purpose, it shall be

assumed that one cum. of suitable material
brought to site from road and drainage excavation
forms one cum. of compacted fill and all bulking or
shrinkage shall be ignored.

205 (1) Embankment Fill cum

205 (2) Embankment Fill (Borrow Material) cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬205.9

The Contract unit rates for the items of ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
embankment construction shall be payment in full ‫برای پر کاری شامل پرداخت کلی برای‬
for carrying out the required operations including ‫فعالیت های ضروری و هم جبران خصارات‬
full compensation for : :‫داده شده ذیل میباشد‬
(i) Cost of arrangement of land as a source of ‫) قیمت تدارک زمین به حیث منبع‬i(
supply of material of required quantity for ‫مواد به مقدار مورد ضرورت‬
construction unless provided otherwise in ‫برای ساخت و ساز مگر اینکه‬
‫در قرارداد ذکر گردیده‬
the Contract;
‫باشد؛‬

(ii) Setting out;

‫) جابجایی؛‬ii(

(iii) Compacting ground supporting

‫) تپک کاری ساحه که باعث تحکیم‬iii(
embankment except where removal and ‫پر کاری ها و یا بدنه خاکی‬
replacement of unsuitable material or ‫میگردد مگر اینکه برطرف‬
loosening and recompacting is involved; ‫سازی و تبدیل مواد نا‬
‫مناسب یا سست و تپک کاری‬
(iv) Scarifying or cutting continuous horizontal ‫دوباره شامل باشد؛‬
benches 300 mm wide on side slopes of
existing embankment and subgrade as ‫) کندن کاری یا تراش کاری‬iv(
applicable; ‫متداوم عرضی باالی میل های‬
‫موجوده پرکاری شده و بدنه‬
(v) Cost of watering or dying of material in ‫خاکی؛‬
borrow areas and/or embankment and
subgrade during construction as required; ‫) قیمت آب پاشی یا خشک سازی‬v(
‫مواد در ساحه که از آن‬
‫برداشته میشود و یا در‬
(vi) Spreading in layers, bringing to
‫ساحه ای که بدنه خاکی یا‬
appropriate moisture content and
. ‫پر کاری انجام میگیرد‬
compacting to Specification
requirements;
‫) تمام طبقات باید رطوبت داده‬vi(
‫شده و به اندازه داده شده‬
(vii) Shaping and dressing top and slopes of ‫در طرزالعمل تپک کاری‬
the embankment including rounding of . ‫گردد‬
corners;

(viii) Restricted working at sites of structures;

102 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫) آراسته ساختن و تزیین میل ها‬vii(

(ix) Working on narrow width of ‫و پر کاری ها به شمول‬
embankment; ‫کناره ها؛‬

(x) Excavation in all soils from borrow ‫) کار های ممنوع شده در ساحه‬viii(
pits/designated borrow areas including ‫ساخت و ساز‬
clearing and grubbing and transporting
the material to embankment site with all ‫) کار در قسمت های کم عرض ساحه‬ix(
‫پر کاری و یا بدنه خاکی؛‬
lifts and leads unless otherwise provided
for in the Contract;
‫ پاک کاری و انتقال‬,‫) کندن کاری‬x(
‫مواد از ساحه بیرونی برای‬
(xi) All labor, materials, tools, equipment and
‫بدنه خاکی؛‬
incidentals necessary to complete the
work to the Specifications;
‫) تخلیه آب و نگهداری ساحه پر‬xi(
‫کاری عاری از آب؛ و‬
(xii) Dewatering; and ‫ لوازم‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫ مواد‬,‫تمام کاریگر ها‬
‫و موارد ضروری برای تکمیل پروژه‬
(xiii) Keeping the embankment / completed ‫مطابق به طرزالعمل؛‬
formation free of water.

Subgrade Preparation ‫ آماده سازی بدنه خاکی‬206

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬206.1
The subgrade preparation shall be that part of the ‫آماده سازی بدنه خاکی قسمتی از کار‬
work which is prepared for the sub-base or, if base-course ‫ و یا‬sub-base ‫است که برای‬
there is no sub-base, the base of the pavement. It ‫ و به پهنای تمام سرک‬.‫آماده میگردد‬
shall extend to the full width of the roadbed ‫در مطابقت با نقشه ها و یا هدایت‬
including the shoulders and laybys or such limited .‫انجنییر امتداد میابد‬
areas as shown on the Drawings or as instructed
by the Engineer.

Construction Operation ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬206.2

Preparation and surface treatment of the ‫ که باالیی‬,‫آماده سازی و تحکیمات سطحی‬
formation, that is top of the subgrade, shall be ‫ باید بعد‬,‫بدنه خاکی انجام میگیرد‬
carried out only after completion of any specified ‫از کار های دریناج برای بدنه خاکی‬
subgrade drainage and unless otherwise agreed ‫انجام شود مگر اینکه هدایت انجنییر‬
by the Engineer, immediately prior to laying the ‫ً قبل از‬ ‫ دقیقا‬,‫مورد دیگری باشد‬
sub-base or the road base where no sub-base is base-‫ در صورتی که‬sub-base ‫جابجایی‬
required. The sequence of operations shall be as ‫ سلسله اجرای آن‬.‫موجود نباشد‬course
follows: :‫به شکل ذیل میباشد‬
(1) All surfaces below carriageway, laybys, ‫تمام ساحاتی که تحت راه‬ )1
‫ پیاده‬,‫ راه رو فرعی‬,‫عمومی‬
footways and hard shoulders shall, after
‫رو ها و محوطه ها قرار‬
reinstatement of any soft areas to the
‫میگیرد بعد از تثبیت هر نوع‬
required Specifications be well cleaned and
‫نرم سازی ساحه در مطابقت با‬
freed of mud and slurry. ‫طرزالعمل ها باید پاک کاری‬

103 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫و عاری از هر نوع ناپاکی ها‬

(2) The surface shall be compacted by 4 passes . ‫گردد‬
of a smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100 kN
weight after spraying requisite amount of ‫ الی‬80 ‫سطح آن باید با رولر‬ )2
water, if required, before the ‫ بار‬4 ‫ کیلو نوتن و با‬100
commencement of rolling. ‫رفت و آمد به صورت درست تپک‬
‫ در صورت ضرورت آب به‬,‫گردد‬
‫مقدار کافی قبل از تپک کاری‬
(3) The formation shall, wherever necessary, be
. ‫استفاده گردد‬
regulated and trimmed to the requirements
of Clause 205.3.9 with motor grader.
‫شکل کلی ساحات متذکره مطابق‬ )3
205.3.9 ‫به مقتضیات ماده‬
(4) The trimmed formation shall be rolled by one
‫توسط گریدر تراش و تنظیم‬
pass of smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100
.‫گردد‬
kN weight after spraying requisite amount of
water, if required, before the ‫ساحات تراش شده توسط رولر‬ )4
commencement of rolling. ‫ بعد‬,‫ کیلو نیوتن‬100 ‫ الی‬80
. ‫ تپک گردد‬,‫از آب پاشی ساحه‬
Where the completed formation is not
immediately covered with sub-base or road base ً
‫در صورتی که ساحه ای اماده شده دفعتا‬
material, its moisture content shall be maintained ‫پوشش‬ base-course ‫ یا‬sub-base ‫توسط‬
to prevent cracking in the formation by suitable ‫نمیگردد باید به صورت درست و نگهداری‬
measures as approved by the Engineer. The entire ‫گردیده تا رطوبت خد را از دست ندهد‬
work of surface treatment of formation shall be .‫که باعث بوجود آمدن درز ها میگردد‬
deemed as incidental to the work of sub-
base/base course to be provided on the subgrade
and as such no extra payment shall be made for
the same.

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬206.3

The quantities to be paid for shall be the number ‫پرداخت ها نظر به متر مربع برای تمام‬
of square meters of subgrade in cut or in fill, ‫کار انجام شده برای بدنه خاکی به‬
prepared as hereinbefore prescribed, tested and ‫منظور پر کاری و تراش کاری که تست‬
accepted. For the purpose of payment no .‫شده و قبول شده باشد انجام میگردد‬
differentiation is made between subgrade in cut or ‫به منظور پرداخت هیچ نوع تفاوت در‬
‫میان پر کاری ها و تراش کاری ها در‬
fills areas. The area to be measured for payment
‫ ساحه که اندازه‬.‫بدنه موجود نمیباشد‬
will be limited to the sub-grade below sub-base, in
‫گیری میگردد محدود به بدنه خاکی در‬
areas of new pavement construction. Areas to be
‫ در‬base-course ‫ یا‬sub-base ‫پایین‬
sodded or footpath pavement will not be
‫ساحاتیکه جاده جدید ساخته میشود‬
measured for payment under this Clause. ‫ ساحاتیکه برای چمن به منظور‬.‫میباشد‬
In case no item for subgrade preparation is given ‫پیاده رو جاده استفاده میگردد در‬
in the Bill of Quantities, it shall be deemed to be . ‫ماده شامل محاسبه نمیباشد‬
inclusive in the unit rate of sub-base or base ‫در صورتیکه هیچ جز از آماده سازی‬
course as the case may be. ‫بدنه خاکی در بل احجام کاری ذکر‬
‫ قسمی در نظر گرفته‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
206 (1) Subgrade Preparation sqm ‫میشود که تمام کار تحکیم سازی سطح‬

104 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫به قسم موارد ضروری برای تکمیلی کار‬

‫ بوده و هیچ‬sub-base/base course ‫برای‬
‫نوع پرداخت اضافی برای کنجام نمی‬
.‫شود‬

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬206.4

The quantities, determined as provided in the ‫مقادیر ذکر شده در ماده باال نظر به‬
Clause above shall be paid for at the pay item ‫لیست داده شده در لیست ذیل پرداخت‬
listed below. This payment shall be full ‫ پرداخت به طور کلی شامل تمام‬.‫میگردد‬
compensation for furnishing all labors, equipment ‫کار ها برای تکمیلی کار از قبیل‬
and material necessary to complete the work ‫ و سامان آالت و هم‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫کاریگر‬
‫ کار‬,‫چنان شامل کار های کندن کاری‬
including scarifying, reworking, wetting or drying,
‫ تپک‬,‫ مرطوب سازی و خشک سازی‬,‫دوباره‬
compacting, proof rolling, shaping and finishing,
‫ حفظ و‬,‫ شکل دهی و آماده سازی‬,‫کاری‬
maintenance and other incidental items of work
‫مراقبت و سایر موارد ضروری برای‬
prescribed in this Clause.
.‫تکمیلی کار متذکره میباشد‬

Turfing with Sods ‫ پوشاندن با چمن‬207

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬207.1
This work shall consist of furnishing and laying of ‫این کار شامل آماده سازی و جابجایی‬
the live sod of perennial turf forming grass on ,‫چمن دایمی از سبزه برای میل ها‬
embankment slopes, verges (earthen shoulders) ‫حاشیه ها یا سایر موقعیت های داده‬
or other locations shown on the drawings or as ‫شده در نقشه ها یا طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
directed by the Engineer. Unless otherwise ‫ مگر اینکه در مورد ذکر‬.‫میباشد‬
‫ً بعد‬
‫ این کار باید دقیقا‬,‫گردیده باشد‬
specified, the work shall be taken up as soon as
‫ به شرطیکه‬,‫از کار پر کاری آغاز گردد‬
possible following construction of the
.‫شرایط اقلیمی مطابق به رشد چمن باشد‬
embankment, provided the season is favorable for
establishment of the sod.

Materials ‫ مواد‬207.2
The sod shall consist of dense, well-rooted growth ‫ سبزه های‬,‫چمن زار ها باید متراکم‬
of permanent and desirable grasses, indigenous to ‫ مناسب‬,‫ریشه دار و دایمی قابل قبول‬
the locality where it is to be used, and shall be ,‫با محیط که در آن استتفاده میگردد‬
practically free from weeds or other undesirable ‫و عاری از هر نوع نباتات و مواد نا‬
matter. At the time the sod is cut the grass on the ‫ در موقیع که چمن قطع‬.‫مناسب باشد‬
‫ سبزه در چمن باید دارای طول‬,‫میگردد‬
sod shall have a length of approximately 50 mm
‫ ملی متر بوده و عاری از‬50 ‫تقریبی‬
and the sod shall have been freed of debris.
‫ زمانیکه چمن‬.‫هر نوع مواد اضافی باشد‬
Thickness of the sod shall be as uniform as ‫ سبزه باالی چمن باید‬,‫قطع میگردد‬
possible, with some 50-80 mm or so of soil ‫ ملی متر باشد و چمن‬50 ‫دارای طول‬
covering the grass roots depending on the nature ‫باید عاری از هر نوع مواد بیکاره‬
of the sod, so that practically all the dense root . ‫باشد‬
system of the grasses is retained in the sod strip. ‫ذخامت چمن باید تا حد امکان یکنواخت‬
The sods shall be cut in rectangular strips of ‫ ملی متر یا قسمیکه‬80-50 ‫ با‬,‫باشد‬
uniform width, not less than about 250 mm x 300 ‫ که آن هم‬,‫تمام سبزه ها را بپوشاند‬
mm in size but not so large that it is inconvenient ‫ و همچنان‬.‫بستگی به نوعیت خاک دارد‬

105 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

to handle and transport these without damage. ‫تمام ریشه های ذخیم باید در مسیر چمن‬
During wet weather, the sod shall be allowed to ‫ چمن ها به سکل های‬.‫قرار گیرد‬
dry sufficiently to prevent rearing during handling ‫ اندازه‬,‫مستطیلی و یکنواخت قطع گردد‬
and during dry weather shall be watered before ‫ملی‬X300 250 ‫های آن ها نباید کمتر از‬
lifting to ensure its vitality and prevent the ‫متر و نباید اضافه تر از آن که در‬
‫ در‬.‫جریان انقال به مشکالت مواجه شود‬
dropping of the soil in handling.
‫ چمن ها باید به‬,‫جریان هوای بارانی‬
‫اندازه کافی خشک گردد تا در موقع‬
‫انتقال تخریب نگردد و در جریان هوای‬
‫خشک باید به حد کافی مرطوب گردد تا‬
.‫از ریختن و تخریب آن جلوگیری گردد‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬207.3

207.3.1 Preparation of the earth bed ‫ آماده سازی بستر زمین‬207.3.1
The area to be sodded shall have been previously ‫ساحه مورد نظر برای چمن زار باید از‬
constructed to the required slope and cross ‫قبل به میل و مقطع داده شده آماده‬
‫ عاری‬,‫ خاک ساحه باید نرم‬.‫شده باشد‬
section. Soil on the area shall be loosened, freed
50 ‫از هر نوع سنگ که اندازه آن از‬
of all stones larger than 50 mm size, sticks, stumps
‫ درخت و‬,‫ چوب‬,‫ملی متر اضافه تر باشد‬
and any undesirable foreign matter, and brought
‫ و به شکل دانه‬,‫مواد اجنبی دیگر بوده‬
to a reasonably fine granular texture to a depth of ‫ ملی متر‬25 ‫دار به عمق اضافه تر از‬
not less than 25 mm for receiving the sod. .‫در آورده شود‬
Where required, topsoil shall be spread over the ‫در موقع ضرورت خاک طبقه باالیی آن در‬
slopes. Prior to placing the topsoil, the slopes shall ‫ قبل از جابجایی‬.‫میل ها پراگنده گردد‬
be scarified to a depth which, after settlement, ‫خاک طبقه باالیی میل ها باید به‬
will provide the required nominal depth shown on ‫اندازه ای تراش گردند که بعد از نشست‬
the plans. Spreading shall not be done when the ‫ساحه عمق داده شده در نقشه ها را به‬
ground is excessively wet. ‫ گسترش مواد نباید‬.‫خود اختیار کند‬
Following soil preparation and top soiling, where ‫در موقع که خاک رطوبت زیاد دارد‬
required, fertilizer and ground limestone when . ‫انجام شود‬
specified shall be spread uniformly at the rate ,‫بعد از آماده سازی خاک و طبقه باالیی‬
indicated on the plans. After spreading, the ‫کیمیاوی و‬ ‫ کود‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
‫الیمستون در صورت تذکر آن در نقشه ها‬
materials are incorporated in the soil by discing or
‫ بعد از‬.‫به ضورت یکنواخت پخش گردد‬
other means to the depths shown on the plans.
‫ مواد توسط عمل‬,‫عمل پخش سازی‬
‫"دیسکنگ" و یا سایر طریفه ها به‬
.‫اعماق داده شده در پالن ترکیب گردد‬
207.3.2 Placing the sods ‫ بستر چمن زار‬207.3.2
The prepared sod bed shall be moistened to the ‫بستر چمن زار به عمق نرم شده باید‬
loosened depth, if not already sufficiently moist, ‫ در صورتی که قبالً مرطوب‬,‫مرطوب گردد‬
‫ و چمن آن باید در‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
and the sod shall be placed thereon within
‫ ساعت بعد از تراش کاری‬24 ‫محدوده‬
approximately 24 hours after the same had been
‫ مسیر های جابجایی چمن‬.‫انجام گردد‬
cut. Each sod strip shall be laid edge to edge and
‫ها باید در کنار هم و قسمی صورت گیرد‬
such that the joints caused by abutting ends are ‫تا در کنار هم به شکل متناوب قرار‬
staggered. Every strip, after it is snugly placed ‫ بعد از جابجایی نوار ها در‬.‫گیرند‬
against the strips already in position, shall be ‫مسیر های از قبل جابجا شده تمام ساحه‬
lightly tamped with suitable wooden or metal ‫مربوطه باید تپک کاری گردد تا خریطه‬

106 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

tampers so as to eliminate air pockets and to press ‫های هوا در بین الیه ها را از بین‬
it into the underlying soil. .‫ببرد‬
On side slopes steeper than 2 (horizontal) to 1 ‫در ساحاتی که میل های آن تند تر از‬
(vertical), the laying of sods shall be started from ‫ (عمودی) باشد چمن‬1 ‫ (افقی) به نسبت‬2
bottom upwards. At points where water may flow .‫سازی آن از پایین به باال صورت گیرد‬
over a sodded area, the upper edges of the sod ‫در نقاتیکه جریان آب باالی چمن زار‬
‫ کناره های باالیی قطع چمن‬,‫میباشد‬
strips shall be turned into the soil below the
‫باید در پایین مناطق همجوار فرو برده‬
adjacent area and a layer of earth placed over this
‫شود و طبقه اسجاد شده در باالی آن بخ‬
followed by its thorough compaction.
.‫صورت درست تپک کاری گردد‬

207.3.3 Staking the sods ‫ جابجایی چمن‬207.3.3

Where the side slope is 2 (horizontal) to 1 )‫ (افقی‬2 ‫تا جایی که میل های کناری‬
(Vertical) or steeper and the distance along the ‫(عمودی) یا تند تر از آن و‬1 ‫به نسبت‬
slope is more than 2 m, the sods shall be staked ‫ متر‬2 ‫فاصله در مسیر میل اضافه تر از‬
500 ‫ تخم های چمن باید در فاصله‬,‫است‬
with pegs or nails spaced approximately 500 to
‫ ملی متر توسط میخ در مسیر‬1000 ‫تا‬
1000 mm along the longitudinal axis of the sod
‫ میخ‬.‫محور طوالنی چمن باید نشانده شود‬
strips. Stakes shall be driven approximately plumb
‫ها باید به صورت درست با چمن زار‬
through the sods to be almost flush with them.
.‫شاقول شده باشد‬

207.3.4 Top dressing ‫ آرایش طبقه باالیی‬207.3.4

After the sods have been laid in position, the ‫ سطح آن باید‬,‫بعد از جابجایی چمن ها‬
surface shall be cleaned of loose sod, excess soil ‫ خاک اضافی و‬,‫از سبزه های بی قاعده‬
‫ً یک‬‫ بعدا‬.‫مواد اجنبی پاک کاری گردد‬
and other foreign material. Thereafter, a thin layer
‫طبقه نازک از خاک طبقه باالیی باالی‬
of topsoil shall be scattered over the surface of top
‫بستر ساحه پخش گردیده و به صورت منظم‬
dressing and the area thoroughly moistened by
.‫تمام ساحه آب پاشی گردد‬
sprinkling with water.

207.3.5 Watering and maintenance ‫ آب پاشی و حفظ و مراقبت‬207.3.5

The sods shall be watered by the Contractor for a ‫چمن ها باید توسط قراردادی به مدت‬
period of at least four weeks after laying. Watering ‫ هفته بعد از تخم پاشی آب‬4 ‫حد اقل‬
‫پاشی گردیده و الی موقیع تسلیمی‬
shall be so done as to avoid erosion and prevent
‫ آب پاشی باید قسمی‬.‫نگهداری گردد‬
damage to sodded areas by wheels of water tanks.
‫ثورت گیرد تا باعث تخریب ساخات چمن‬
The Contractor shall erect necessary warning signs
.‫توسط تایر های آب پاش نگردد‬
and barriers, repair or replace sodded areas failing
‫قراردادی باید نشانه های مورد نیاز‬
to show uniform growth of grass or damaged by ‫در اطراف ساحه که نشاندهنده ساحه چمن‬
his operations and shall otherwise maintain the ‫تازه احداث شده را میدهد باید نصب‬
sod at his cost until final acceptance. ‫گردد تا باعث تخریب آن نگردد و در‬
‫صورت تخریب قراردادی مکلف به ترمیم‬
‫دوباره و نگهداری آن تا موقع تسلیمی‬
.‫میباشد‬

Measurements for payment ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت ها‬207.4

Turfing with sods shall be measured as finished ‫اندازه گیری این بخش بعد از ختم کار‬
work in square meters. .‫و به متر مربع میباشد‬

107 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

sqm 207 (1) Turfing with Sods

207 (1) Turfing with Sods sqm

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬207.5

The Contract unit rate for turfing with sods shall ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرار‬
mean payment in full for carrying out all the ‫داد برای پوشش چمن شامل تمام موارد‬
required operations explained above including ‫مورد نیاز عملیات ذکر شده در باال به‬
compensation for furnishing all the materials to be ,‫ کار ها‬,‫شمول تمام وسایل مورد نیاز‬
incorporated in the Works with all leads and lifts ‫ لوازم و لوازم مورد‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫کاریگر‬
‫نیاز برای تکمیلی پروژه در مطابقت‬
and all labors, tools, equipment and
.‫با این طرزالعمل میباشد‬
incidentals to complete the work in accordance
with these specifications.

Seeding and Mulching ‫ تخم پاشی و پوشش آن‬208

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬208.1
This work shall consist of preparing slopes, placing ,‫این کار شامل آماده سازی میل ها‬
topsoil, furnishing all seeds, commercial or organic ‫ تهیه تمام‬,‫جابجایی خاک طبقه باالیی‬
fertilizers and mulching materials, providing jute ‫ القاح کننده های تجارتی و‬,‫تخم ها‬
netting and placing and incorporating the same on ‫ تشکیل شده از‬,‫عضوی و مواد پوششی آن‬
embankment slopes or other locations designated ‫جوت های شبکه ای بوده و در ساحات پر‬
‫کاری شده میل دار مطابق به اسناد‬
by the Engineer or shown in the Contract
‫قرارداد و یا هدایت انجنییر گذاشته‬
documents.
.‫شود‬

Materials ‫ مواد‬208.2
208.2.1 Seeds ‫ تخم ها‬208.2.1
The seeds shall be of approved quality and type ‫تخم ها با کیفیت و نوعیت مناسب به‬
suitable for the soil on which these are to be ‫ و با‬,‫خاکی که گذاشته میشود باشد‬
‫نوعیت خالص قابل قبول و در مطابقت‬
applied, and shall have acceptable purity and
‫با مقتضیات داده شده توسط انجنییر‬
germination to requirements set down by the
.‫باشد‬
Engineer.
‫القاح باید شامل مواد برابر با معیار‬
Fertilizer shall consist of standard commercial
‫های تجاری و در مطابقت به میل داده‬
materials and conform to the grade specified.
.‫شده باشد‬
Organic manure shall be fully putrefied organic ‫کود عضوی آن باید از موادی مثل مدفوع‬
matter such as cow dung. .‫گاو باشد‬
Mulching materials shall consist of straw, hay ‫مواد برای پوشانیدن تخم ها باید از‬
wood shavings or sawdust, and shall be delivered ‫ براده چوب یا بوره‬,‫ علف خشک‬,‫جنس کاه‬
dry. They shall be reasonably free of weed seed ‫ وبه شکل کامال خشک به ساحه‬,‫اره باشد‬
and such foreign materials as may detract from ‫ و باید از هر نوع تخم‬.‫انتقال گردد‬
their effectiveness as mulch or be injurious to the ‫گیاهای اضافی و اجنبی که باعث تضعیف‬
plant growth. .‫رشد نبات مورد نظر میگردد عاری باشد‬

208.2.2 Topsoil ‫ خاک طبقه باالیی‬208.2.2

‫خاک باالیی آن از ساحه که دارای تخم‬
‫گیاه های که مضر است نباید گرفته‬

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Topsoil shall not be obtained from an area known ‫ اگر تحت عمل عقیم سازی یا خنثی‬.‫شود‬
to have noxious weeds growing in it. If treated ‫ توسط متخصصین‬,‫سازی قرار گرفته باشد‬
with herbicides or sterilents, it shall be tested by .‫زراعتی مورد آزمایش قرار میگیرد‬
appropriate agricultural authority to determine ‫ فیصد‬2 ‫خاک طبقه باالیی نباید کمتر از‬
the residual in the soil. Topsoil shall not contain ‫ فیصد مواد عضوی در‬12 ‫و اضافه تر از‬
less than 2 per cent and more than 12 per cent .‫خود داشته باشد‬
organic matter.

208.2.3 Bituminous Emulsion ‫ دوغاب قیر‬208.2.3

A suitable grade of bituminous cutback or ‫یک طبقه مناسب از قیر برای محکم نگه‬
emulsion used as a tie down for mulch shall be as ‫داشتن طبقه باالیی در مطابقت با اسناد‬
‫قرارداد و یا هدایت انجنییر گذاشته‬
described in the Contract document or as desired
‫ محلول قیرباید عاری از هر نوع‬.‫شود‬
by the Engineer. Emulsified bitumen shall not
‫مواد زهری که باعث صدمه به نبات‬
contain any solvent or diluting agent toxic to plant
.‫میگردد باشد‬
life.

208.2.4 Netting ‫ شبکه کاری‬208.2.4

Jute netting shall be undyed jute yam woven into ‫شبکه کاری جوت باید از جوت زنده و‬
a uniform open weave with approximate 2.5 cm ‫با موج های همسان و سوراخ های مربعی‬
square openings. .‫ سانتی متر باشد‬2.5
‫پنجره های روی زمین باید از جال های‬
Geonetting shall be made of uniformly extruded
cm X2cm 2 ‫همنواخت و به اندازه های‬
rectangular mesh having mesh opening of 2 cm x
.‫ رنگ آن ها سیاه یا سبز باشد‬.‫باشد‬
2 cm. The color may be black or green. It shall
‫ در هر‬Kg 3.8 ‫و وزن آن ها کمتر از‬
weight not less than 3.8 kg per 1000 sq. m.
.‫ متر مربع نباشد‬1000

Seeding Operations ‫ عمل تخم پاشی‬208.3

208.3.1 Seed-bed preparation ‫ آماده سازی زمین برای تخم‬208.3.1
The area to be seeded shall be brought to the ‫ها‬
required slope and cross-section by filling, ‫ساحه که در آن تخم پاشیده میشود باید‬
‫به میل ها مقاطع داده شده توسط پر‬
reshaping eroded areas and refinishing slopes,
‫ دوباره شکل دهی ساحه و تمام‬,‫کاری‬
medians etc. Topsoil shall be evenly spread over
‫ گلدان ها و غیره‬,‫کاری دوباره میل ها‬
the specified areas to the depth shown on the
‫ خاک باالیی تخم ها به‬.‫تنظیم گردد‬
plans, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. ‫تمام ساحه به شکل همنواخت به ساحه‬
The seed-bed preparation shall consist of ,‫متذکره به عمق داده شده در نقشه ها‬
eliminating all live plants by suitable means using ‫مر اینکه حالت دیگر آن تایید شده‬
agricultural implements. All stones 150 mm in ‫ آماده سازی بستر برای‬.‫انجنییر باشد‬
smallest dimension and larger shall be removed. ‫تخم ها شامل از بین بردن تمام نباتات‬
The soil shall be excavated on the contour to a .‫توسط مواد زراعتی مناسب میباشد‬
depth of 100 mm. all clods larger than 25 mm in ‫ ملی متر و یا‬150 ‫تمام سنک های که‬
diameter shall be crushed and packed. Where ‫اضافه تر قطر داشته باشد باید‬
necessary, water shall then be applied. All topsoil ‫ خاک باید در کانتور به‬.‫برداشته شود‬
shall be compacted unless otherwise specified or .‫ ملی متر کندن کاری گردد‬100 ‫عمق‬
25 ‫تمام کلوخ های با قطر باال تر از‬
approved by the Engineer. Compaction shall be by
‫ در صورت‬.‫ملی متر خرد و پارچه گردد‬
slope compactor, cleated tractor or similar

109 | S e c t i o n 2
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equipment approved by the Engineer. Equipment ‫ خاک باالیی‬.‫نیاز آب پاشی صورت گیرد‬
shall be so designed and constructed as to ‫ مگر اینکه توسط‬,‫باید تپک گردد‬
produce a uniform rough textured surface ready ‫ تپک‬.‫انجنییر هدایت دیگری داده شود‬
for seeding and mulching and which will bond the ‫کاری باید توسط آله تپک کاری مخصوص‬
topsoil to the underlying material. The entire area ‫ و یا سایر وسایل مشابه تایید‬,‫میل ها‬
‫ این وسایل قسمی‬.‫شده انجنییر باشد‬
shall be covered by the minimum of 4 passes or 2
‫دیزاین و ساخته شده باشد که یک سطح‬
round trips of the roller or approved equipment.
‫درشت را به وجود آورد تا چسپش را در‬
.‫میان طبقه باالیی و بستر بوجود آورد‬
2 ‫ بار یا‬4 ‫تمام ساحه باید حد اقل‬
‫بار عبور و مرور "رولر" یا کدام‬
.‫وسیله تایید شده تپک کاری گردد‬
208.3.2 Fertilizer application ‫ تطبیق کود کیمیاوی‬208.3.2
Fertilizer to the required quantities shall be spread ‫کود کیمیاوی به اندازه داده شده به‬
and thoroughly incorporated into the soil surface ‫شکل همنواخت به تمام ساحه به قسم جز‬
as a part of the seed-bed preparation. .‫بستر انداخته شود‬

208.3.2 Planting of seeds ‫ نشاندن تخم ها‬208.3.3

All seeds shall be planted uniformly at the ‫تمام تخم ها به شکل متناسب و به نرخ‬
approved rate. Immediately after sowing, the area ‫ً بعد از‬
‫ دقیقا‬.‫تایید شده نشانده شود‬
‫ ملی متر باید پوشش‬6 ‫تخم پاشی به عمق‬
shall be raked, dragged or otherwise treated so as
.‫گردد‬
to cover the seeds to a depth of 6 mm.
‫عملیات تخم پاشی در موقیع که زمین‬
The operation of seed sowing shall not be
‫گل آلود باشد و یا هوا برای این کار‬
performed when the ground is muddy or when the
‫و کار های بعدی آن مناسب نباشد نباید‬
soil or weather conditions would otherwise
.‫انجام گیرد‬
prevent proper soil preparation and subsequent
operations.

208.3.4 Soil moisture and watering ‫ رطوبت خاک و مقتضیات آب پاشی‬208.3.4

requirements 25 ‫رطوبت خاک در تمام ساحه باید از‬
Soil-moisture shall exist throughout the zone from ‫ ملی متر عمق ساحه‬125 ‫ملی متر الی‬
25 mm to at least 125 mm below the surface at the .‫در جریان غرس موجود باشد‬
‫آب پاشی ساحه ای که در آن تخم پاشیده‬
time of planting.
‫شده باید طبق هدایت انجنییر صورت‬
Watering of the seeded areas shall be carried out
.‫گیرد‬
as approved by the Engineer.

Mulching, Applying Bituminous Emulsion ‫ تطبیق محلول قیر‬,‫ مالچ کاری‬208.4

and Jute Netting/Geonetting ‫ شبکه کاری زمینی‬/‫و شبکه کاری جوت‬
Within 24 hours of seeding, mulching material ‫ مواد مکس‬,‫ ساعت تخم پاشی‬24 ‫در جریان‬
mixed with organic manure shall be placed so as ‫شده مالچ کاری با مواد عضوی باید‬
to form a continuous, unbroken cover of ‫قسمی جابجا گردد تا باعث تشکیل یک‬
approximate uniform thickness of 25 mm using an ‫پوشش متمادی و غیر قابل شکست و به‬
acceptable mechanical blower. Mulching material ‫ ملی متر توسط یک دستگاه‬25 ‫عمق یکسان‬
‫ مواد مالچ‬.‫میخانیکی قابل قبول باشد‬
shall be held in place and made resistant to being

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blown away by suitable means approved by the ‫کاری شده باید به صورت درست و با‬
Engineer. When called for in the Contract ‫استفاده از موارد قابل قبول جابجا‬
documents, mulch material shall be anchored in ‫ در مطابقت با اسناد قرار داد‬.‫گردد‬
place with bituminous emulsion applied at the ‫مواد مالچ کاری باید توسط محلولی از‬
rate of 2300 liters per hectare. Any mulch ‫ لیتر درهر هکتار‬2300 ‫قیر که به نرخ‬
‫ هر ماده‬.‫باشد باید تطبیق گردد‬
disturbed or displaced following application shall
‫کیمیاوی که بعد از تطبیق بر هم‬
be removed, reseeded and remulched as
‫ دوباره تخم‬,‫میخورد باید برطرف‬
specified. Jute netting/Geonetting shall be ‫افشانی و دوباره ملچ کاری طبق تذکر‬
unrolled and placed parallel to the flow of water ‫ شبکه جوت باید موازی‬.‫مالچ کاری گردد‬
immediately following the bringing, to finished ‫با جریان آب و در مطابقت با نقشه ها‬
grade, the area specified on the plans or the ‫باید به صورت درست در انجام ها ختم‬
placing of seed and fertilizer. Where more than ‫ اگر به دو بسته برای پوشش‬.‫گردد‬
one strip is required to cover the given areas, they ‫ ملی متر‬100 ‫ضرورت باشد باید حد اقل‬
shall overlap a minimum of 100 mm. jute netting ‫ شبکه های جوت ها باید‬.‫باالی هم باشند‬
/Geonetting shall be held in place by approved ‫ میخ ها‬,‫ نوار ها‬,‫باید توسط سیم ها‬
wire staples, pins, spikes or wooden stakes driven ‫و یا چوب ها که به شکل عمودی کوبیده‬
vertically into the soil. .‫شده اند محکم کاری گردند‬

Maintenance ‫ حفظ و مراقبت‬208.5

The Contractor shall maintain all seeded and ‫قراردادی تمام ساحه تخم پاشی سده و‬
mulched areas until final acceptance. ‫مالچ شده را تا قبولی نهایی حفظ‬
Maintenance shall include protection of traffic by .‫نماید‬
approved warning signs or barricades and ‫حفظ و مراقبت شامل حفظ ساحه از‬
repairing any areas damaged following the ‫ترافیک توسط نشانه ها یا موانع و‬
seeding and mulching operations. If mulched ‫ترمیم تمام ساحات تخریب شده بعد از‬
.‫تخم پاشی و عملیات مالچ کاری میباشد‬
areas become damaged, the area shall be
‫اگر ساحات مالچ کاری شده تخریب‬
reshaped and then seeded and mulched again as
‫ ساحه باید دوباره شکل داده‬,‫میگردد‬
originally specified.
‫ً تخم پاشی و ملچ کاری به‬ ‫شده و بعدا‬
.‫شکل اولی آن گردد‬

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬208.6

Seeding and mulching shall be measured as ‫تخم پاشی و مالچ کاری بعد از ختم‬
finished work in square meters. .‫کار به متر مربع اندازه گیری میگردد‬

208 (1) Seeding and Mulching cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬208.7

The Contract unit rate for seeding and mulching ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس در قرارداد شامل‬
shall be payment in full carrying out all the ,‫تمام عملیات ها به شمول نرخ کاریگر‬
‫ وسایل و لوازم مورد نیاز ضروری‬,‫مواد‬
.‫برای تکمیل پروژه را شامل میگردد‬

111 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

required operations including full compensation

for all materials, labors, tools and incidentals.

Geotextile
Scope of Work
The publications listed below form a part of this
specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D 4354 (1999; R 2009) Sampling of

Geosynthetics for Testing

ASTM D 4355 (2007) Deterioration of

Geotextiles from Exposure to
Light, Moisture and Heat in a
Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D 4491 (1999a; R 2009) Water

Permeability of Geotextiles
by Permittivity

ASTM D 4533 (2004; R 2009) Trapezoid

Tearing Strength of
Geotextiles

ASTM D 4632 (2008) Grab Breaking Load

and Elongation of
Geotextiles

ASTM D 4751 (2004) Determining

Apparent Opening Size of a
Geotextile

ASTM D 4759 (2002; R 2007) Determining

the Specification
Conformance of
Geosynthetics

ASTM D 4833 (2007) Index Puncture

Resistance of Geotextiles,
Geomembranes, and Related
Products

112 | S e c t i o n 2
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ASTM D 4873 (2002; R 2009) Identification,

Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and
Samples

Submittals
The Engineer’s approval is required for all material
submittals with an approval or disapproval code
(A, B, C, or E). A code means approved without
comments, B code means approved with
comments, C code means approved with
comments but need re-submission and E code is
disapproved and need resubmission. When any
submittal has gotten A or B code from the
government, contractor shall start their work at
site otherwise they are not allowed to start work.

SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-01 Samples
Geotextile Sample
Submit 15 days prior to starting work.

SD-06 Product Data

Manufacturer Certificate

A minimum of 7 days prior to scheduled use,

manufacturer's certificate of compliance stating
that the geotextile meets the requirements of this
section. The contractor shall also certify that the
geotextile has been continuously inspected at site
during construction.

Delivery, Storage and Handling

Deliver, store, and handle geotextile in
accordance with ASTM D 4873.

209.3.1 Delivery
Notify the Engineer a minimum of 24 hours prior
to delivery and unloading of geotextile rolls
packaged in an opaque, waterproof, protective
plastic wrapping. The plastic wrapping shall not be
removed until deployment. If quality assurance
samples are collected, immediately rewrap rolls
with the plastic wrapping. Geotextile or plastic
wrapping damaged during storage or handling
shall be repaired or replaced, as directed. Label

113 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

each roll with the manufacturer's name, geotextile

type, roll number, roll dimensions (length, width,
gross weight), and date manufactured.

209.3.2 Storage
Protect rolls of geotextile from construction
equipment, chemicals, sparks and flames,
temperatures in excess of 71 degrees C or any
other environmental condition that may damage
the physical properties of the geotextile. To
protect geotextile from becoming saturated,
either elevate rolls off the ground or place them
on a sacrificial sheet of plastic in an area where
water will not accumulate.

209.3.3 Handling
Handle and unload geotextile rolls with load
carrying straps, a fork lift with a stinger bar, or an
axial bar assembly. Rolls shall not be dragged
along the ground, lifted by one end, or dropped to
the ground.

Materials
209.4.1 Geotextile Material
Provide geotextile that is a nonwoven pervious
sheet of polymeric material consisting of long-
chain synthetic polymers composed of at least 95
percent by weight polyolefins, polyesters, or
polyamides.
The use of woven slit film geotextiles (i.e.
geotextiles made from yarns of a flat, tape-like
character) will not be allowed. Add stabilizers
and/or inhibitors to the base polymer, as needed,
to make the filaments resistant to deterioration by
ultraviolet light, oxidation, and heat exposure.
Regrind material, which consists of edge
trimmings and other scraps that have never
reached the consumer, may be used to produce
the geotextile.
Post-consumer recycled material shall not be
used. Geotextile shall be formed into a network
such that the filaments or yarns retain
dimensional stability relative to each other,
including the edges.

114 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Geotextiles shall meet the requirements specified

as bellow:
Type = nonwoven
Thickness = 2.5mm
Weight = 320g/sq.m (Mirafi 160N or equivalent)

209.4.2 Quality Control of Sampling and Testing

The contractor is responsible for establishing and
maintaining a quality control program to assure
compliance with the requirements of the
specification. Documentation describing the
quality control shall be made available upon
request. Perform contractor quality control
sampling and testing in accordance with the
manufacturer's certificate and product data. As a
minimum, geotextiles shall be randomly sampled
for testing in accordance with ASTM D 4354,
Procedure A.
Acceptance of geotextile shall be in accordance
with ASTM D 4759. Tests not meeting the specified
requirements will result in the rejection of
applicable rolls.

Execution
209.5.1 Quality Assurance Samples and Tests
The need for and amount of quality assurance
testing should be based on site conditions and the
amount of geotextile being placed.

1) Quality Assurance Samples

Provide assistance to the Contracting Officer in the
collection of quality assurance samples. Collect
samples upon delivery to the site for quality
assurance testing [at the request of the Engineer.
Identify samples with a waterproof marker by
manufacturer's name, product identification, lot
number, roll number, and machine direction. The
date and a unique sample number shall also be
noted on the sample. Discard the outer layer of
the geotextile roll prior to sampling a roll. Samples
shall then be collected by cutting the full-width of
the geotextile sheet a minimum of 1 meter long in
the machine direction. Rolls which are sampled

115 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

shall be immediately resealed in their protective

covering.

2) Quality Assurance Tests

The Contractor shall provide quality assurance
samples to an Independent Laboratory. Test
method ASTM D 4355 shall not be performed on
the collected samples. Geotextile product
acceptance shall be based on ASTM D 4759. Tests
not meeting the specified requirements will result
in the rejection of applicable rolls.

209.5.2 Installation
1) Subgrade Preparation
The surface underlying the geotextile shall be
smooth and free of ruts or protrusions which could
damage the geotextile. Subgrade materials and
compaction requirements shall be in accordance
with Clause 205.3.6 and 206.

2) Placement
Notify the Contracting Officer a minimum of 24
hours prior to installation of geotextile. Geotextile
rolls which are damaged or contain imperfections
shall be repaired or replaced as directed. The
geotextile shall be laid flat and smooth so that it is
in direct contact with the subgrade. The geotextile
shall also be free of tensile stresses, folds, and
wrinkles. On slopes steeper than 10 horizontal on
1 vertical, lay the geotextile with the machine
direction of the fabric parallel to the slope
direction.

209.5.3 Seams
Overlapped seams are commonly used for
geotextile not placed in tension. Geotextile seams
can also be produced by sewing or the application
of thermal energy.

1) Overlap Seams
Continuously overlap geotextile panels a
minimum of 300mm at all longitudinal and
transverse joints. Where seams must be oriented
across the slope, lap the upper panel over the

116 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

lower panel. If approved, sewn seams may be used

instead of overlapped seams.

2) Sewn Seams
Factory and field seams shall be continuously
sewn. The stitch type used shall be a 401 locking
chain stitch or as recommended by the
manufacturer. The thread at the end of each seam
run shall be tied off to prevent unraveling. Skipped
stitches or discontinuities shall be sewn with an
extra line of stitching with a minimum of 450 mm
of overlap.

209.5.4 Protection
Protect the geotextile during installation from
clogging, tears, and other damage. Damaged
geotextile shall be repaired or replaced as directed
by the Engineer. Use adequate ballast (e.g. sand
bags) to prevent uplift by wind. The geotextile
shall not be left uncovered for more than 14 days
after installation.

209.5.5 Repairs
Repair torn or damaged geotextile. Clogged areas
of geotextile shall be removed. Perform repairs by
placing a patch of the same type of geotextile over
the damaged area. The patch shall extend a
minimum of 300 mm beyond the edge of the
damaged area. Patches shall be continuously
fastened using approved methods. The machine
direction of the patch shall be aligned with the
machine direction of the geotextile being
repaired. Remove and replace geotextile rolls
which cannot be repaired.

209.5.6 Penetration
Construct engineered penetrations of the
geotextile as shown on the drawings.

209.5.7 Covering
Do not cover geotextile prior to inspection and
approval by the Engineer. Place cover soil in a
manner that prevents soil from entering the
geotextile overlap zone, prevents tensile stress

117 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

from being mobilized in the geotextile, and

prevents wrinkles from folding over onto
themselves. On side slopes, soil backfill shall be
placed from the bottom of the slope upward.
Cover soil shall not be dropped onto the geotextile
from a height greater than 1 m. No equipment
shall be operated directly on top of the geotextile
without approval of the Engineer. Use equipment
with ground pressures less than 50 kPa to place
the first lift over the geotextile. A minimum of 300
mm of soil shall be maintained between full‐scale
construction equipment and the geotextile. Cover
soil material type, compaction, and testing
requirements are described in this specification.
Equipment placing cover soil shall not stop
abruptly, make sharp turns, spin their wheels, or
travel at speeds exceeding 2.2m/s.

Measurements and Payment

209.6.1 Measurements
All geotextile works shall be measured in
accordance with the requirements which are
mentioned in design drawings and project
specification. The geotextile works shall be
measured with square meter which is consisted
from cleaning of base, laying, overlapping,
providing of geotextile to project site, safety
protection and etc.

209.6.2 Payments
Payments shall be done with square meter for all
geotextile works after approval of work done and
measurements by the Engineer.

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

SECTION 3: ROAD WORKS ‫ امور سرکسازی‬:3 ‫بخش‬

301 Sub Base Course

301.1 Scope of Work
This work shall consist of laying and compacting
graded material on prepared sub-grade in
accordance with the requirements of these
Specifications. It includes the use of processed
(crushed, screened or crushed and screened)
gravels or rock, derived from blasting or ripping
within road cuttings or approved borrow sources.
The material shall be laid in one or more layers
based on design drawings.

301.2 Preparation of Underlying Material

Prior to constructing the sub-base course, clean
the underlying course or sub-grade of all foreign
substances. The surface of the underlying course
or sub-grade shall meet specified compaction and
surface tolerances. Correct ruts, or soft yielding
spots, in the underlying courses, sub-grade areas
having inadequate compaction, and deviations of
the surface from the specified requirements, by
loosening and removing soft or unsatisfactory
material and by adding approved material,
reshaping to line and grade, and re-compacting to
specified density requirements. For cohesion-less
underlying courses or sub-grades containing sands
or gravels, as defined in ASTM D 2487, the surface
shall be stabilized prior to placement of the
overlying course.

301.3 Materials
Aggregates shall consist of crushed stone or slag,
gravel, shell, sand, or other sound, durable,
approved materials processed and blended or
naturally combined. Aggregates shall be durable
and sound, free from lumps and balls of clay,
organic matter, objectionable coatings, and other
foreign material. Material retained on the 4.75 mm
No. 4 sieve shall have a percentage of wear not to
exceed 50 percent after 500 revolutions when
tested as specified in ASTM C 131. Aggregate shall
be reasonably uniform in density and quality. Slag

118 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

shall be an air-cooled, blast-furnace product

having a dry weight of not less than 1050 kg/cubic
meter. Aggregates shall have a maximum size of 50
mm and shall be within the limits specified as
follows: Maximum Allowable Percentage by
Weight Passing Square-Mesh Sieve
[Particles having diameters less than 0.02 mm
shall not be in excess of 3 percent by weight of the
total sample tested as determined in accordance
with ASTM D 422.] The portion of any blended
component and of the completed course passing
the 0.425 mm No. 40 sieve shall be either
nonplastic or shall have a liquid limit not greater
than 25 and a plasticity index not greater than 5.

Table 301-1. Sub base Gradation based on

AASHTO M147
Sieve Size (mm) % Passing (by Weight)
50 95 – 100
25 -
9.5 30 – 65
4.75 25 – 55
2.00 15 – 40
0.425 8 – 20
0.075 2–8

Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, sub

base course shall be of Grading A of AASHTO
M147.
% passing through sieve size 0.075mm shall be less
than or equal to 2/3rds of % passing through sieve
size 0.425.

301.4 Mix Design

The following tests shall be conducted and results
furnished for sub base mix design:

Table 301-2. Sub base Mix Design

AASHTO Specification
Type of test
Designation Limit
Gradation T-27 & T-11 Table 1
LAV T-96 50% max
Soundness T-104 12% max
LL T-89 25% max

119 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

PI T-90 6%
Durability
index of fine T-210 35% max
agg.
Durability
index of T-210 35% max
course agg.
25% min at
CBR T-193
96%MDD
One per
MDD T-180(D)
source

301.5 Equipment
All plant, equipment, and tools used in the
performance of the work will be subject to the
Engineer’s approval before the work is started and
shall be maintained in satisfactory working
condition at all times. The equipment shall be
adequate and shall have the capability of
producing the required compaction, meeting
grade controls, thickness control, and smoothness
requirements as set forth herein.

301.6 Layer Thickness

The compacted thickness of the completed course
shall be as indicated in design drawing. The
material shall be placed in a layer wise compacted
thickness of not more than 150 mm and not
thinner than 100 mm when compacted.

301.7 Compaction
Compact each layer of the material, as specified,
with approved compaction equipment. Maintain
water content during the compaction procedure to
within plus or minus 2 percent of optimum water
content, as determined from laboratory tests. In all
places not accessible to the rollers, compact the
mixture with hand-operated power tampers.
Compaction of the sub-base shall continue until
each layer is compacted through the full depth not
less than 95 percent of laboratory maximum
density. Make such adjustments in compacting or
finishing procedures as may be directed to obtain
true grades, to minimize segregation and
degradation, to reduce or increase water content,

120 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

and to ensure a satisfactory sub-base course. Any

materials that are found to be unsatisfactory shall
be removed and replaced with satisfactory
material or reworked, as directed, to meet the
requirements of this specification.

301.8 Initial Tests

One of each of the following tests shall be
performed on the proposed material prior to
commencing construction to demonstrate that the
proposed material meets all specified
requirements prior to installation.
a. Sieve Analysis including 0.02 mm size material
b. Liquid limit and plasticity index
c. Moisture-density relationship
d. Wear tests shall be made in conformance with
ASTM C 131.

301.9 In-Place Tests

One of each of the following tests shall be
performed on samples taken from the placed and
compacted sub base. Samples shall be taken and
tested at the rates indicated.
a. Density tests shall be performed on every
lift of material placed and at a frequency
of one set of tests for every 700 square
meters, or portion thereof, of completed
area.

b. Sieve Analysis [including 0.02 mm size

material] shall be performed on every lift
of material placed and at a frequency of
one sieve analysis for every 1400 square
meters, or portion thereof, of material
placed.

c. Liquid limit and plasticity index tests shall

be performed at the same frequency as
the sieve analysis.

d. The thickness of each course shall be

measured at intervals providing at least
one measurement for each 700 square
meters or part thereof. The thickness
measurement shall be made by test holes,

121 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

at least 75 mm in diameter through the

course.

301.10 Field Density Tests

Density shall be field measured in accordance with
ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167, or ASTM D 6938. For
the method presented in ASTM D 1556, the base
plate, as shown in the drawing, shall be used. For
the method presented in ASTM D 6938, the
calibration curves shall be checked and adjusted, if
necessary, using only the sand cone method as
described in the following paragraph.
Calibration according to ASTM
Tests performed in accordance with ASTM D 6938
result in a wet unit weight of soil and ASTM D 6938
shall be used to determine the moisture content of
the soil. The calibration curves furnished with the
moisture gauges shall also be checked along with
density calibration checks as described in ASTM D
6938. The calibration checks of both the density
and moisture gauges shall be made by the
prepared containers of material method, as
described in paragraph Calibration, in ASTM D
6938, on each different type of material to be
tested at the beginning of a job and at intervals as
directed by the Engineer.

301.11 Method of Measurement

Sub-base course shall be measured as finished
work in position in cubic meters.
The protection of edges of Sub-base extended over
the full formation as shown in the drawing shall be
considered incidental to the work of providing Sub-
base and as such no extra payment shall be made
for the same.

Sub-base course cu.m

301.12 Rates
The Contract unit rate for Sub-base course shall be
payment in full compensation for carrying out the
required operation including full compensation
for:
(i) Making arrangements for traffic

122 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

(ii) furnishing all materials to be

incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary
and all leads and lifts;

(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work to the
Specifications;

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of

road where directed; and

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

302 Base Course ‫ طبقه سبیس ریز دانه‬302

302.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬302.1
This work shall consist of laying and compacting ‫این کار باید شامل هموار کردن و تپک‬
well-graded material on prepared sub-base in )‫مدرج (درجه بندی شده‬-‫کاری مواد درست‬
accordance with the requirements of these ‫باالی بدنه خاکی آماده شده مطابق به‬
Specifications. The material shall be laid in one or ‫ مواد باید‬.‫ضروریات این مشخصات باشد‬
more layers as lower base course and upper base ‫در یک و یا بیشتر از یک طبقه به صفت‬
‫سبیس یا سبیس پایین (سبیس) و سبیس باال‬
course.
‫ میالن و مقاطع‬،‫(بیس) مطابق به خط تراز‬
‫عرضی که در نقشه نشان داده شده و یا‬
،‫اینکه توسط انجنیر دستور داده شود‬
.‫طوریکه الزم است انداخته شود‬

302.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬302.2

The Material to be used for the work shall be ‫موادیکه برای این کار (سبیس) استفاده‬
natural sand, gravel, crushed stone, or ‫ سنگ میده‬،‫ جغل‬،‫شود باید ریگ طبیعی‬
combination thereof depending upon the grading ‫ یا ترکیب از آن نظر به‬،‫یا کرش‬
required. Materials like crushed slag, and crushed .‫ضروریات درجه بندی یا گرید باشد‬
concrete may be allowed only with the specific ‫ کانکریت‬،‫موادی مانند تفاله میده‬
‫ و خشت به تایید خاص انجنیر ممکن‬،‫میده‬
approval of the Engineer. The material shall be free
‫اجازه داده شود (مورد استفاده قرار‬
from organic or other deleterious constituents and
‫ مواد باید عاری از ماده های‬.)‫گیرد‬
conform to one of the 6 grading given in AASHTO
‫عضوی و دیگر اجزای زیان آور بوده و‬
M147 or other international codes and standards
AASHTO M 147 ‫ گرید که در‬6 ‫با یکی از‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫ مطابقت داشته باشد‬،‫ذکر گردیده‬
The grading to be adopted for a project shall be as ‫گرید قابل قبول باید در قرارداد مشخص‬
specified in the Contract. .‫گردد‬

Table 302-1 Grading Requirements for base

course Materials (AASHTO M147)

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Sieve Designation Mass Percentage Passing

(mm) (%)
Grading B
50 100
25 75-95
9.5 40-75
4.75 30-60
2.00 20-45
0.425 15-30
0.075 5-20

Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, base

course shall be of Grading B of AASHTO M147.
% passing through sieve size 0.075mm shall be less
than or equal to 2/3rds of % passing through sieve
size 0.425.

302.3 Strength of Base Course ‫ مقاومت سبیس‬302.3

It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that ‫ باید مطمین شد موادیکه‬،‫قبل از اجرا‬
the material to be used in the base course satisfies CBR ‫برای سبیس استفاده میشود ضروریات‬
the requirements of CBR and other physical ‫و دیگر ضرورت های فزیکی زمان تپک کاری‬
requirements when compacted and finished. .‫و تکمیلی را پوره نماید‬
When directed by the Engineer, this shall be ،‫زمانیکه توسط انجنیر دستور داده شود‬
verified by performing CBR tests in the laboratory CBR ‫این ضروریات باید با انجام تست‬
as required on specimens remolded at field dry ‫در البراتوار باالی نمونه قالب شده با‬
density and moisture content and any other tests ‫شرایط کثافت خشک ساحوی و رطوبت و تست‬
،‫های دیگر کیفیت طوریکه الزم باشد‬
for the “quality” of materials, as may be necessary.
.‫بازبینی گردد‬

302.4 Construction Operation ‫ جریان اعمار‬302.4

302.4.1 Preparation of Sub Base ‫ آماده ساختن بدنه یا سبگرید‬302.4.1
Immediately prior to the laying of base course, the ‫ بدنه که‬،‫بالفاصله قبل از اعمار سبیس‬
sub-base course should be prepared by removing ‫ تکمیل شده است‬206 ‫قبال مطابق به بند‬
all additional materials and other extraneous ‫باید توسط دور ساختن تمام مواد گیاهی‬
matter, lightly sprinkled with water if necessary ‫ در‬،‫و اضافی (از سطح آن) آماده شده‬
and rolled with two passes of 80 – 100 kN smooth ‫صورت ضرورت کمی آبپاشی گردیده و با‬
wheeled roller. – 8( ‫ کیلونیوتن‬100 – 80 ‫دو دور رولر‬
.‫ تن) با چرخ هموار تپک کاری شود‬10

302.4.2 Spreading and Compacting ‫ هموارکاری و تپک کاری‬302.4.2

The base course material of grading specified in ‫مواد سبیس با گرید که در قرارداد ذکر‬
the Contract shall be spread on the prepared sub- ‫گردیده باالی بدنه توسط گریدر با ظرفیت‬
base with the help of a motor grader or paver as ‫ تیغ آن مجهز با‬،‫کافی هموار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer of adequate capacity, its ‫برای‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫هایدرولیکی‬ ‫کنترول‬
blade having hydraulic controls suitable for initial ‫عیارسازی و حفظ میل و میالن خواسته شده‬
‫در هنگام گردش (کار) باشد یا روش های‬

124 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

adjustment and for maintaining the required slope ‫(سیستم های) دیگری که توسط انجنیر‬
and grade during the operation or other means as .‫قبول شده باشد‬
approved by the Engineer. ‫زمانیکه مواد سبیس مشتمل از ترکیب‬
When the base course material consists of ‫ ذکر گردیده‬301.2 ‫موادیکه در بند‬
combination of materials mentioned in Clause ‫ مخلوط باید بطور میخانیکی به‬،‫باشد‬
.‫جای انجام یابد‬/‫ساحه‬-‫در‬-‫روش مخلوط‬
302.2 mixing shall be done mechanically by the
‫تنها در جاییکه عرض هموارکاری برای‬
mix-in-place method.
،‫گردش میخانیکی به اندازه کافی نباشد‬
Manual mixing shall be permitted only where the ‫ مخلوط دستی باید‬،‫مانند کارهای خورد‬
width of laying is not adequate for mechanical ‫ وسایل که برای اعمار‬.‫اجازه داده شود‬
operations, as in small-sized jobs. The equipment ‫ساحه استفاده میشود باید‬-‫در‬-‫مخلوط‬
used for mix-in-place construction shall be ‫چرخنده باشد یا وسیله همانند تایید‬
rotavator or similar approved equipment capable ‫شده که توانایی مخلوط مواد را به درجه‬
of mixing the material to the desired degree. If so ‫ اگر توسط انجنیر‬.‫مطلوب داشته باشد‬
desired by the Engineer, trial runs with the ‫ بخاطر مناسب بودن‬،‫چنین مطلوب باشد‬
equipment shall be carried out to establish its ‫ باید تجربه نمونوی با وسایل‬،‫برای کار‬
suitability for the work. .‫انجام گردد‬
Moisture content of the loose material shall be ‫رطوبت مواد سست باید مطابق به کود ها‬
‫و ستندردهای مربوطه که به تایید‬
checked in accordance with relevant international
‫انجنیر رسیده باشد چک گردیده و در‬
codes and standards approved by the Engineer and
‫صورت ضرورت طوری عیار گردد که رطوبت‬
suitably adjusted by sprinkling additional water
‫در هنگام تپک کاری از یک فیصد بیشتر‬
from a truck mounted or trailer mounted water ‫و از دو فیصد کمتر از رطوبت مناسب‬
tank and suitable for applying water uniformly and ‫ آب اضافی باید توسط آبپاش که‬.‫نباشد‬
at controlled quantities to variable widths of ‫باالی عراده تنظیم شده باشد و قابلیت‬
surface or other means approved by the Engineer ‫کنترول مقدار آب را به عرضهای متغیر‬
so that, at the time of compaction, it is from 1 ‫دارا باشد و یا روشهای دیگری که به‬
percent above or 2 percent below the optimum ‫ بطور‬،‫تایید انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
moisture content. While adding water, due ‫ بعد از اینکه آب‬.‫یکنواخت عالوه گردد‬
allowance shall be made for evaporation losses. ‫ مواد باید توسط روش‬،‫عالوه گردید‬
After water has been added, the material shall be ‫میخانیکی و یا روشهای دیگر تایید شده‬
processed by mechanical or other approved ‫مانند وسایل چرخنده تا وقتیکه طبقه‬
.‫بطور یکنواخت مرطوب گردد پروسس شود‬
means like disc harrows, rotavators until the layer
‫ باید تپک کاری‬،‫بال فاصله بعد ازین‬
is uniformly wet.
‫شروع گردد (تپک کاری باید بال فاصله‬
Immediately thereafter, rolling shall start. If the
‫ اگر ضخامت طبقه‬.)‫بعد ازین شروع گردد‬
thickness of the compacted layer does not exceed ،‫ ملیمتر تجاوز نکند‬100 ‫تپک شده از‬
100 mm, a smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100 kN ‫ تنه با چرخ هموار شاید‬10 – 8 ‫رولر‬
weight may be used. For a compacted single layer 225 ‫ برای طبقه واحد تا‬.‫استفاده شود‬
up to 150 mm the compaction shall be done with ‫ملیمتر تپک کاری باید به کمک یک رولر‬
the help of a vibratory roller of minimum 80 to 100 ‫ویبراتور (لرزاننده) با وزن ستاتیک‬
kN static weight with plain drum or pad foot-drum )‫ تنه با رول (طبل‬10 ‫ تا‬8 )‫(ساکن‬
or heavy pneumatic tyred roller of minimum 200 ‫دار یا با رولر تایر‬-‫هموار و یا پایه‬
to 300 kN weight having a minimum tire pressure ‫ تن و‬30 ‫ تا‬20 ‫الستیکی با حد اقل وزن‬
of 0.7 MN/m2 or equivalent capacity roller capable ‫ یا رولر‬0.7 MN/m2 ‫دارنده فشار تایر‬
of achieving the required compaction. Rolling shall ‫معادل که توانایی انجام تپک کاری الزم‬
commence at the lower edge and proceed towards ‫ تپک کاری برای قسمت‬.‫را داشته باشد‬
‫های که دارای میل عرضی یکنواخت اند و‬
the upper edge longitudinally for portions having

125 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

unidirectional cross-fall and super-elevation and ‫یا در قسمت ویراژ (سوپرایلویشن) باید‬
shall commence at the edges and progress towards ‫از کنار پایینی شروع و بطرف کنار‬
the center for portions having cross-fall on both ‫باالیی ختم گردد و برای قسمت های که‬
sides. ‫میل عرضی دو طرفه دارد از کنارها شروع‬
Each pass of the roller shall uniformly overlap not .‫و بطرف مرکز ختم گردد‬
)‫سوم مسیر (رد‬-‫هر گردش باید حد اقل یک‬
less than one-third of the track made in the
‫ در‬.‫گردش قبلی را تحت پوشش قرار دهد‬
proceeding pass. During rolling, the grade and
‫هنگام تپک کاری میالن (میل طولی) و میل‬
cross-fall shall be checked and any high spots or ‫ درصورت‬،‫عرضی باید چک (بررسی) گردد‬
depressions, which become apparent, corrected ‫ با برداشتن‬،‫موجودیت نقاط باال و پایین‬
by removing or adding fresh material. The speed of .‫و یا اضافه کردن مواد تازه اصالح گردد‬
the roller shall not exceed 5 km per hour. .‫ نباید زیاد شود‬5 Km/h ‫سرعت رولر از‬
Rolling shall be continued till the density achieved ‫تپک کاری تا زمانی ادامه یابد که‬
is at least 98 percent of the maximum dry density 95 ‫تراکم بدست آمده (طبقه) حد اقل‬
for the material determined as AASHTO T99 or ‫فیصد تراکم خشک اعظمی مطابق به‬
other relevant international codes and standards ‫ و یا ستندرد دیگر بین‬AASHTO T99
approved by the Engineer. The surface of any layer ‫المللی که به تایید انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
of material on completion of compaction shall be ‫ سطح‬،‫ به مجرد تکمیلی تپک کاری‬.‫گردد‬
‫ عاری‬،‫هر طبقه مواد باید درست بسته‬
well closed, free from movement under
‫از تحرک زیر وسایل تپک کاری و سطوح‬
compaction equipment and from compaction
‫ درز و مواد سست‬،‫ برآمدگی‬،‫تپک کاری‬
planes, ridges cracks or loose material. All loose,
‫ جداشده یا به‬،‫ تمام مواد سست‬.‫باشد‬
segregated or otherwise defective areas shall be ‫عباره دیگر ساحات ناقص باید به عمق‬
made good to the full thickness of layer and re- ‫کامل بهبود یافته و دوباره تپک کاری‬
compacted. .‫شود‬

302.5 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work ‫ پردازش سطح و کنترول کیفیت کار‬302.5
The surface finish of construction shall conform to ‫پردازش سطح ساختمان باید با ضروریات‬
the requirements of Clause 308 of these ‫ این مشخصات (سند) مطابقت‬307 ‫ماده‬
Specifications. .‫کند‬
Control on quality of materials and works shall be ‫کنترول کیفیت مواد و کار باید قابل‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫قبول انجنیر باشد‬

302.6 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬302.6

Granular base course shall be measured as finished ‫سبیس ریزدانه باید به مترمکعب به اساس‬
work in position in cubic meters. .‫تکمیل کار در جای (ساحه) باشد‬
The protection of edges of granular base course ‫محافظت کناره های امتداد یافته سبیس‬
extended over the full formation as shown in the ‫ریزدانه درتمام ساختمان قسمیکه در‬
drawing shall be considered incidental to the work ‫ به صفت‬،‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
‫فروعات (کار فرعی) کار سبیس در نظر‬
of providing granular base course and as such no
‫گرفته شده و تادیه اضافی برای چنین‬
extra payment shall be made for the same.
.‫کاری صورت نگیرد‬

302 (1) Granular sub-base, lower course ‫ طبقه پایینی‬،‫) سبیس ریزدانه‬1( 302
cu.m cum
302 (2) Granular sub-base, upper course ‫ طبقه باالیی‬،‫) سبیس ریزدانه‬2( 302
cu.m cum

126 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

302.7 Rates ‫ نرخ‬302.7

The Contract unit rate for granular sub-base shall ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای سبیس باید‬
be payment in full compensation for carrying out ‫تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
the required operation including full :‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬
compensation for: ،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(
(i) Making arrangements for traffic
‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
(ii) furnishing all materials to be
،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
and all leads and lifts; ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
،‫مشخصات‬
(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and
incidentals to complete the work to the ‫سرک‬ ‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض‬iv(
Specifications; ‫و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of ‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(
road where directed; and ‫کیفیت‬

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

303 Prime Coat )‫ پرایم کوت (رویه ابتدایی‬303

303.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬303.1
The work shall consist of the application of a single ‫این کار باید شامل تطبیق یک رویه واحد‬
coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to ‫قیر مایع با لزجیت کم روی سطح منفذدار‬
a porous granular surface preparatory to the ‫دانه دانه بخاطر قرارگیری قیر وقایوی‬
superimposition of bituminous treatment or mix. ‫) یا مخلوط‬DBST ‫(اسفالت نازک مثل‬
.‫(اسفالت) باشد‬

303.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬303.2

303.2.1 Bituminous Material ‫ مواد قیر مایع‬303.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade ‫مواد قیر مایع باید مطابق به نوع و‬
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the ‫گرید که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده و‬
requirements of the specifications listed below. ‫مطابق به ضروریات مشخصات که ذیال ذکر‬
.‫گردیده است باشد‬
‫گرید (با تطبیق درجه حرارت به‬
)‫ درجه‬43-85( MC-70 ‫سانتیگرید) باید‬
.‫ درجه) باشد‬60-100( RC-250 ‫یا‬
Cationic Emulsified Asphalt: AASHTO M 208
(ASTM D 2397)
Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Rapid-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 81
Bitumen with Viscosity grading AASHTO T202

127 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

10 or VG-10
The grade (with temperatures of application in
degrees C) shall be MC-70 (43 - 85 degrees) or RC-
250 (60 - 100 degrees).

303.3 Construction Operation ‫ اعمار‬303.3

303.3.1 Weather and Seasonal Limitations ‫ محدودیت اقلیم و فصل‬303.3.1
Bituminous primer shall not be applied to a wet )‫پرایم کوت نباید باالی سطح مرطوب (تر‬
surface or during a dust storm or when the ‫یا در هنگام خاکباد یا زمانیکه هوا‬
weather is foggy, rainy or windy or when the ‫ بادی یا زمانیکه‬،‫ بارانی‬،‫غبارآلود‬
temperature in the shade is less than 7℃. Surfaces ‫ درجه‬10 ‫درجه حرارت زیر سایه کمتر از‬
‫ سطوحیکه‬.‫سانتیگرید باشد تطبیق نگردد‬
which are to receive primer should be damp, but
‫باالی آن پرایم کوت تطبیق گردد باید‬
no free or standing water shall be present.
‫ اما آب ایستاده موجود‬،‫نم دار باشد‬
.‫نباشد‬

303.3.2 Equipment ‫ وسایل‬303.3.2

The primer distributor shall be a self-propelled or ‫توزیع کننده مواد پرایم کوت باید‬
towed bitumen pressure sprayer equipped for ‫نشرکننده فشاری خودرو یا دونوعی مجهز‬
spraying the material uniformly at specified rates ‫با وسایلی باشد که بتواند مواد را‬
and temperatures. Hand spraying of small areas, ‫بطور یکنواخت با میزان و درجه حرارت‬
inaccessible to the distributor, or in narrow strips ‫ در ساحات کوچک غیرقابل‬.‫مشخص پاش دهد‬
‫ یا در نوارهای‬،‫دسترس به توزیع کننده‬
shall be sprayed with a pressure hand sprayer, or
‫ پاش دهنده دستی یا طوریکه‬،‫باریک‬
as directed by the Engineer.
.‫انجنیر دستور دهد استفاده شود‬

303.3.3 Preparation of road surface ‫ آماده سازی سطح سرک‬303.3.3

Immediately before applying the bituminous ‫بالفاصله قبال از تطبیق مواد قیرگونه‬
material, all loose dirt and other objectionable ‫ تمام مواد سست و کثافات و‬،)‫(اسفالت‬
material shall be removed from the surface with a ‫دیگر مواد مورد اعتراض باید از سطح‬
power broom and/or blower as required. If the ‫سرک توسط جاروی برقی یا ماشین پوف‬
Engineer so orders, the surface shall be lightly ‫ هرگاه انجنیر‬.‫کننده (دمنده) دور گردد‬
‫ سطح باید کمی تیغ زده‬،‫چنین فرمان دهد‬
bladed and rolled immediately prior to the
‫شده و بالفاصله قبل از تطبیق اسفالت‬
application of bituminous material, in which case
‫ که درینصورت جارو یا پوف‬،‫تپک گردد‬
brooming or blowing will not be required. When so ‫ زمانیکه توسط‬.‫کردن ضرورت نخواهد بود‬
ordered by the Engineer a light application of ‫ یک کمی‬،‫انجنیر چنین فرمان داده شود‬
water shall be made just before the application of ‫آب فقط قبل از تطبیق اسفالت پاشیده‬
bituminous material. The area to be treated shall ‫ ساحه مورد بحث (زیرکار) قبل از‬.‫شود‬
be approved by the Engineer prior to application. ‫تطبیق (آبپاشی) باید توسط انجنیر قبول‬
.‫شده باشد‬

303.3.4 Application of bituminous primer ‫ تطبیق پرایم کوت‬303.3.4

Bituminous material shall be applied to the width ‫مواد قیرگونه باید به عرض مقطع که‬
of the section to be primed by means of a bitumen ‫قرار است پرایم کوت گردد توسط توزیع‬

128 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

distributor in a uniform, continuous spread. The ‫کننده بگونه یکنواخت و دوامدار پاشیده‬
rate of application shall be as specified in the ‫ میزان تطبیق (پرایم کوت) باید‬.‫شود‬
Drawings or as directed by the Engineer which ‫مطابق به آنچه در نقشه ها یا توسط‬
shall usually be in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 litter/sqm. ‫ معموال‬،‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد‬
Care shall be taken that the application of ‫ باید‬.‫مترمربع‬/‫ لیتر‬2 ‫ یا‬1 ‫در محدوده‬
‫مواظب بود تا میزان تطبیق در نقطه‬
bituminous material at the junction of spreads is
‫اتصال (دو مسیر مجاور) از مقدار معینه‬
not in excess of the specified amount. Excess
‫ مواد قیرگونه (قیر) اضافه‬.‫زیاد نگردد‬
bituminous material shall be sponged from the ‫(از مقدار معینه) باید از سطح توسط‬
surface. Skipped areas or deficiencies shall be ‫ ساحات خالی (که پرایم‬.‫اسفنج دور گردد‬
corrected. Building paper shall be placed over the ‫کوت نشده باشد) و یا نواقص باید اصالح‬
end of the previous applications and the joining ‫ کاغذ ساختمانی روی ختم تطبیق‬.‫گردد‬
application shall start on the building paper. ‫(کار) قبلی انداخته شده و تطبیق‬
Building paper used shall be removed and ‫اتصالی (جدید) باید از باالی کاغذ‬
satisfactorily disposed of. ‫ کاغذ ساختمانی‬.‫ساختمانی شروع گردد‬
‫استفاده شده باید دور شده و بطور‬
‫رضایت بخش (درست) از ساحه جمع آوری‬
.‫گردد‬

303.3.5 Curing of primer and opening to traffic ‫ محافظت از پرایم کوت و گشایش‬303.3.5
‫به روی ترافیک‬
A primed surface shall be allowed to cure for at 24 ‫سطح پرایم کوت شده باید حد اقل‬
least 24 hours or such other period as is found to ‫ساعت یا چنین مدت دیگری که الزم‬
be necessary to allow all the volatiles to evaporate ‫پنداشته شود محافظت گردد تا تمام مواد‬
before any subsequent surface treatment or mix is )‫سبک (بخارشدنی با درجه حرارت اندک‬
laid. Any unabsorbed primer shall first be blotted ‫قبل از تطبیق (انداختن) اسفالت تبخیر‬
‫ پرایم کوت جذب ناشده باید اوال‬.‫شود‬
with an application of sand, using the minimum
‫ با استفاده‬،‫توسط تطبیق (پاشیدن) ریگ‬
quantity possible. A primed surface shall not be
‫ یک سطح‬.‫ پاک شود‬،‫کمترین مقدار ممکنه‬
opened to traffic other than that necessary to lay ‫پرایم کوت شده نباید بروی ترافیک باز‬
the next course. A very thin layer of clean sand may ‫ بغیر از ضرورت انداختن طبقه‬،‫گردد‬
be applied to the surface of the primer, to prevent ‫ شاید یک طبقه نازک ریگ پاک به‬.‫بعدی‬
the primer picking up under the wheels of the ‫روی سطح پرایم کوت تطبیق گردد‬
paver and the trucks delivering bituminous ‫(انداخته شود) تا از برداشته شدن‬
material on the paver. ‫پرایم کوت زیر چرخ پیور یا دمترک‬
‫(الری) که اسفالت را به پیور تحویل‬
‫میدهد جلوگیری گردد‬

303.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬303.4

Prime coat shall be measured in terms of surface )‫پرایم کوت باید از نظر (به عباره‬
area of application in square meters. .‫ساحه تطبیق به مترمربع اندازه گردد‬

303 (1) Prime Coat sqm ‫مترمربع‬ ‫) پرایم کوت‬1( 303

303.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬303.5

The Contract unit rate for prime coat shall be ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای پرایم کوت‬
payment in full for carrying out the required ‫باید تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
:‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬

129 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

operation including full compensation for: ‫ به استثنای تدابیر‬،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(

‫ شانه ها و‬،‫ابتدایی برای کناره ها‬
(i) Making arrangement for traffic except for ‫اعمار منحرف ها (مسیرهای بدیل‬
initial treatment to verges, shoulders and ،)‫هنگام ساخت و ساز‬
construction of diversions;
‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
(ii) furnishing all materials to be
،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
and all leads and lifts; ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
،‫مشخصات‬
(iii) all labor, tools, equipment and
incidentals to complete the work to the ‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض سرک‬iv(
Specifications; ‫ و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of ‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(
road where directed; and ‫کیفیت‬

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

304 Tack Coat ‫ تک کوت‬304

304.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬304.1
This work shall consist of the application of a single ‫این کار باید شامل تطبیق یک رویه واحد‬
coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to ‫قیر مایع با لزجیت کم روی اسفالت‬
an existing bituminous road surface preparatory to ‫ زمانیکه در قرارداد ذکر‬،‫موجوده سرک‬
the superimposition of a bituminous mix, when ،‫شده یا توسط انجنیر رهنمایی شده باشد‬
specified in the Contract or instructed by the .‫گردد‬
Engineer.

304.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬304.2

304.2.1 Binder ‫ بایندر‬304.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade ‫مواد قیر مایع باید مطابق به نوع و‬
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the ‫گرید که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده و‬
requirements of the specifications listed below. ‫مطابق به ضروریات مشخصات که ذیال ذکر‬
.‫گردیده است باشد‬
‫گرید (با تطبیق درجه حرارت به‬
)‫ درجه‬43-85( MC-70 ‫سانتیگرید) باید‬
.‫ درجه) باشد‬60-100( RC-250 ‫یا‬
Cationic Emulsified Asphalt: AASHTO M 208
(ASTM D 2397)
Rapid-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 81
Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Bitumen with Viscosity Grading AASHTO T202
10 or VG-10

130 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

The grade (with temperatures of application in

degrees C) shall be MC-70 (43 - 85 degrees) or RC-
250 (60 - 80 degrees).

304.3 Construction Operation ‫ اعمار‬304.3

304.3.1 Weather and Seasonal Limitations ‫ محدودیت اقلیم و فصل‬304.3.1
Bituminous material shall not be applied to a wet ‫تک کوت نباید باالی سطح مرطوب (تر) یا‬
surface or during a dust storm or when the ‫در هنگام خاکباد یا زمانیکه هوا‬
weather is foggy, rainy or windy or when the ‫ بادی یا زمانیکه‬،‫ بارانی‬،‫غبارآلود‬
temperature in the shade is less than 7℃. Where ‫ درجه‬10 ‫درجه حرارت زیر سایه کمتر از‬
the tack coat to be applied, the surface shall be dry ‫ سطوحیکه‬.‫سانتیگرید باشد تطبیق گردد‬
‫باالی آن تک کوت تطبیق گردد باید خشک‬
or slightly damp.
.‫ اما تر نباشد‬،‫یا کمی نم دار باشد‬
،‫جاییکه تک کوت اسفالت نوع کت بک باشد‬
.‫سطح باید خشک باشد‬

304.3.2 Equipment ‫ وسایل‬304.3.2

The tack coat distributor shall be of a self- ‫توزیع کننده مواد تک کوت باید‬
propelled or towed bitumen pressure sprayer, ‫نشرکننده فشاری خودرو یا دونوعی مجهز‬
equipped for spraying the material uniformly at a ‫با وسایلی باشد که بتواند مواد را‬
specified rate. Hand spraying of small areas, ‫بطور یکنواخت با میزان و درجه حرارت‬
inaccessible to the distributor, or in narrow strips, ‫ در ساحات کوچک غیرقابل‬.‫مشخص پاش دهد‬
‫ یا در نوارهای‬،‫دسترس به توزیع کننده‬
shall be sprayed with a pressure hand sprayer, or
‫ پاش دهنده دستی یا طوریکه‬،‫باریک‬
as directed by the Engineer.
.‫انجنیر دستور دهد استفاده شود‬

304.3.3 Preparation of base ‫ آماده سازی بیس‬304.3.3

The surface on which the tack coat is to be applied ‫سطح که باالی آن تک کوت تطبیق میگردد‬
shall be clean and free from dust, dirt and any ‫ کثافات‬،‫باید پاک و عاری از گردوخاک‬
extraneous material. Immediately before the ‫ بالفاصله قبل از‬.‫و مواد اضافی باشد‬
applications of the tack coat, the surface shall be ‫ سطح باید توسط جاروی‬،‫تطبیق تک کوت‬
swept clean with a mechanical broom, and high ‫میخانیکی یا جت هوا با فشار بلند یا‬
‫توسط روش های که توسط انجنیر دستور‬
pressure air jet, or by other means as directed by
.‫ پاک گردد‬،‫داده شده باشد‬
the Engineer.

304.3.4 Application of tack coat ‫ تطبیق تک کوت‬304.3.4

The application of tack coat shall be at the rate ‫تطبیق تک کوت باید به میزان که در‬
specified in the Contract, and shall be applied ‫ و باید‬،‫قرارداد ذکر گردیده است باشد‬
uniformly. If the rate of application of Tack Coat is .‫بگونه یکنواخت تطبیق (پاشیده) گردد‬
not specified in the Contract then it shall be at the ‫هرگاه میزان تطبیق تک کوت در قرارداد‬
rate within the range of 0.4 to 0.8 litter/sqm. The ‫ذکر نگردیده باشد در آنصورت میزان آن‬
‫ لیتر فی‬0.8 ‫ تا‬0.4 ‫باید در محدوده‬
normal range of spraying temperature for a
‫ محدوده نورمال دمای‬.‫مترمربع باشد‬
bituminous emulsion shall be 20℃ to 70℃ and for
70 ‫ تا‬20 ‫(درجه حرارت) سپری باید بین‬
a cutback, 50℃ to 80℃ if RC-250/MC-70 is used.
50 ‫درجه سانتیگراد برای قیر ایملشن و‬
The method of application of the tack coat will ‫ درجه سانتیگراد برای قیر کت بک‬80 ‫تا‬

131 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

depend on the type of equipment to be used, size .‫ استفاده شود باشد‬RC-70/MC-70 ‫هرگاه‬
of nozzles, pressure at the spray bar, and speed of ‫روش تطبیق تک کوت بستگی به نوع وسیله‬
forward movement. The Contractor shall ‫ فشار‬،‫ اندازه نیزل‬،‫که استفاده میشود‬
demonstrate at a spraying trial, that the .‫ و سرعت حرکت دارد‬،‫در میله سپری‬
equipment and method to be used is capable of ‫قراردادی در یک تطبیق آزمایشی باید‬
‫نشان بدهد که وسایل و روش را که‬
producing a uniform spray, within the tolerances
)‫استفاده مینماید توانایی (متضمن‬
specified.
‫ در محدوده دقت که مشخص‬،‫سپری یکنواخت‬
.‫شده است را دارد‬

304.3.5 Curing of tack coat ‫ محافظت از تک کوت‬304.3.5

The tack coat shall be left to cure until all the ‫تک کوت تا زمانی محافظت گردد که تمام‬
volatiles have been evaporated before any ‫مواد سبک (بخارشدنی با درجه حرارت‬
subsequent construction is started. No plant or ‫اندک) قبل از تطبیق ساختمان بعدی‬
vehicles shall be allowed on the tack coat other ‫ هیچ دستگاه یا عراده ی‬.‫تبخیر شود‬
than those essential for the construction. ‫نباید باالی تک کوت اجازه داده شود‬
‫بغیر از آنهاییکه بمنظور اعمار ضرورت‬
.‫باشد‬

304.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬304.4

Tack coat shall be measured in terms of surface ‫تک کوت باید از نظر (به عباره) ساحه‬
area of application in square meters. .‫تطبیق به مترمربع اندازه گردد‬

304 (1) Tack Coat sqm (m2) ‫مترمربع‬ ‫) تک کوت‬1( 304

304.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬304.5

The contract unit rate for tack coat shall be ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای پرایم کوت‬
payment in full for carrying out the required ‫باید تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
operations including full compensation for: :‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬

(i) making arrangement for traffic to Clause ‫ به استثنای تدابیر‬،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(
‫ شانه ها و‬،‫ابتدایی برای کناره ها‬
111 except for initial treatment to verges,
‫اعمار منحرف ها (مسیرهای بدیل‬
shoulders and construction of diversions;
،)‫هنگام ساخت و ساز‬

(ii) furnishing all materials to be ‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
incorporated in the work including all ‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
and all leads and lifts;
‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
incidentals to complete the work to the ،‫مشخصات‬
Specifications;
‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض سرک‬iv(
‫ و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬
(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of
road where directed; and
‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(

132 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality ‫کیفیت‬

control.

305 Seal Coat ‫ سیل کوت‬305

305.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬305.1
This work shall consist of the application of a seal
coat for sealing the voids in a bituminous surface
laid to the specified levels, grade and cross fall
(camber).
Seal coat shall be of either of the two types
specified below;

(a) Liquid seal coat comprising of an application of

a layer of bituminous binder followed by a
cover of stone chips.

(b) Premixed seal coat comprising of a thin

application of fine aggregate premixed with
bituminous binder.

305.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬305.2

305.2.1 Binder ‫ بایندر‬305.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the
requirements of the specifications listed below.

Rapid-curing cut back asphalt : AASHTO M 81

Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Emulsified asphalt : AASTH M 140
Cationic emulsified asphalt : AASHTO M 208
Viscosity-graded asphalt cement : AASHTO M226

For liquid seal coat Rapid Setting (RS) grade of

cationic bitumen emulsion shall be used. Where
expressly specified in the Contract Slow Setting
(SS) grade emulsion shall be used or otherwise
directed by the Engineer. Slow Setting (SS) grade
cationic bitumen emulsion shall be used for premix
seal coat.
The quantity of bitumen per 10 square meters
shall be 9.8kg for liquid seal coat and 6.8kg for
premix seal coat. Where bituminous emulsion is
used as a binder, the quantities for liquid seal coat
and premix seal coat shall be 15 kg and 10.5kg
respectively.

133 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

305.2.2 Stone chips for liquid seal coat ‫ تراشه سنگ برای سیل کوت مایع‬305.2.2
The stone chips shall consist of angular fragments ‫تراشه سنگ باید متشکل از پارچه های‬
of clean, hard, tough and durable rock of uniform ‫ محکم و صخره‬،‫ سخت‬،‫گوشه دار پاک‬
quality throughout. They should be free of soft or ‫ آنها‬.‫بادوام با کیفیت یکنواخت باشد‬
disintegrated stone, organic or other deleterious ،‫پارچه‬-‫باید عاری از سنگ نرم و پارچه‬
matter. Stone chips shall be of 6.7mm size defined .‫مواد عضوی و دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
‫ با‬6.7mm ‫تراشه سنگ باید به سایز‬
as 100 percent passing through 11.2mm sieve and
‫ فیصدی از غربال‬100 ‫تعریف عبور‬
retained on 2.36mm sieve. The quantity used for
.‫ باشد‬2.36mm ‫ و حفظ روی غربال‬11.2mm
spreading shall be 0.09 cubic meter per 10 square
‫ ساحه‬10m2 ‫ فی‬0.09m3 ‫مقدار نشر باید‬
meter area. The chips shall satisfy the quality ‫ این تراشه ها باید ضروریات‬.‫باشد‬
requirements in the following table. ‫کیفیت که در جدول ذیل ذکر گردیده است‬
.‫را برآورده نماید‬

Table 305-1 Physical Requirement for Stone

Chips for liquid Seal Coat
Property Test Specification
Max 5%
Grain size passing
Cleanliness
analysis 0.075mm
sieve
Flakiness and
elongation
Particle shape Max 30%
index
(Combined)
Los Angels
Abrasion Value Max 40%
Strength
Aggregate Max 30%
Impact value
Soundness
Sodium
Durability Sulphate Max 12%
Magnesium Max 18%
Sulphate
Water Water
Max 1%
absorption absorption
Coating and
stripping of Minimum
Stripping bitumen retained
aggregate coating 95%
mixtures
Retained
Water
Tensile Min 80%
sensitivity
Strength

134 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

305.2.3 Aggregate for premix seal coat -‫ اگریگیت برای سیل کوت پیش‬305.2.3
‫مخلوط‬
The aggregate shall be sand or grit and shall consist ‫اگریگیت باید ریگ یا سنگریزه بوده و‬
of clean, hard, durable, uncoated dry particles and ،‫باید متشکل از ذرات ناپوشیده خشک‬
shall be free from dust, soft or flaky/elongated ‫ و عاری از گرد و‬،‫ پاک‬،‫ سخت‬،‫بادوام‬
material, organic matter or other deleterious ‫ مواد‬،‫ مواد نرم و نازک و گرد‬،‫خاک‬
substances. The aggregate shall pass 2.36mm sieve ‫ این‬.‫عضوی یا دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
‫ عبور و‬2.36mm ‫اگریگیت باید از غربال‬
and be retained on 180 micron sieve. The quantity
‫ مقدار که برای‬.‫ بماند‬180μ ‫باالی غربال‬
used for premixing shall be 0.06 cubic meter per
0.06m3 ‫مخلوط استفاده میشود باید‬-‫پیش‬
10 square meter area.
.‫ مساحت باشد‬10m2 ‫در‬

305.3 Construction Operations ‫ اعمار‬305.3

305.3.1 Weather and seasonal limitations
Laying of seal coat shall be suspended while free-
standing water is present on the surface to be
covered, or during rain, fog and dust storms. Laying
shall not be carried out when the air temperature
at the surface is below 7℃ or when the wind speed
at any temperature exceeds 40km/hr at 2m height
unless specifically approved by the Engineer.

305.3.2 Preparation of surface

The seal coat shall be applied immediately after
laying the bituminous course which is required to
be sealed. Before application of seal coat
materials, the surface shall be cleaned free of any
dust or other extraneous matter.

305.3.3 Construction of liquid seal coat

Bitumen shall be heated to 150℃-163℃ and
sprayed at the rate specified on the dry surface in
a uniform manner with a self-propelled
mechanical sprayer.
Immediately after the application of binder, stone
chips, which shall be clean and dry, shall be spread
uniformly at the rate specified on the surface
preferably by means of a self-propelled or towed
mechanical grit spreader so as to cover the surface
completely. If necessary, the surface shall be
brushed to ensure uniform spread of chips.
Immediately after the application of the cover
material, the entire surface shall be rolled with a

135 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

80-100 kN smooth wheeled steel roller, 80-100 kN

static weight vibratory roller, or other equipment
approved by the Engineer after laying trials if
required. Rolling shall commence at the edges and
progress towards the center except in super
elevated and uni-directional cambered portions
where it shall proceed from the lower edge to the
higher edge. Each pass of the roller shall uniformly
overlap not less than one third of the track made
in the preceding pass. While rolling is in progress,
additional chips shall be spread by hand in
necessary quantities required to make up
irregularities. Rolling shall continue until all
aggregate particles are firmly embedded in the
binder and present a uniform closed surface.

305.3.4 Construction of premix seal coat

A mixer of appropriate capacity and type approved
by the Engineer shall be used for preparation of
the mixed material. The plant shall have separate
dryer arrangements for heating aggregate.
The binder shall be heated in boilers of suitable
design, approved by the Engineer to the
temperature appropriate to the grade of bitumen
or as directed by the Engineer. The aggregates shall
be dry and suitably heated to a temperature
between 150℃ and 165℃ or as directed by the
Engineer before these components are placed in
the mixer. Mixing of binder with aggregates to the
specified proportions shall be continued until the
latter are thoroughly coated with the former.
The mix shall be immediately transported from the
mixing plant to the point of use and spread
uniformly on the bituminous surface to be sealed.
As soon as a sufficient length has been covered
with premixed material, the surface shall be rolled
with an 80-100 kN smooth-wheeled roller. Rolling
shall be continued until premixed material
completely seals the voids in the bituminous
course and a smooth uniform surface is obtained.

305.4 Opening to traffic ‫ گشایش به روی ترافیک‬305.4

In the case of premixed seal coat, traffic may be
allowed soon after final rolling when the premised

136 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

material has cooled down to the surrounding

temperature. In the case of liquid seal coat, traffic
shall not be permitted to run on any newly sealed
area until the following day. In special
circumstances, however, the Engineer may open
the road to traffic immediately after rolling, but in
such cases traffic speed shall be rigorously limited
to 16 km per hour until the following day.

305.5 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬305.5

When seal coat is indicated in the Bill of Quantities,
it shall be measured as finished work, over the
area specified to be covered, in square meters at
the thickness specified in the Contract.

305 (1) Seal Coat sqm

305.6 Rates ‫ نرخ‬305.6

The contract unit rate for seal coat shall be
payment in full for carrying out the required
operations including full compensation for

(i) making arrangement for traffic;

(ii) furnishing all materials to be

incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary
and all leads and lifts;

(iii) all labor, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work to the
Specifications;

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of

road where directed; and

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

306 Asphalt Concrete )‫ اسفالت کانکریت (اسفالت‬306

306.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬306.1
This clause specifies the construction of Asphalt ‫این ماده (چگونگی) اعمار اسفالت را‬
Concrete, for use in surface and profile corrective ‫برای استفاده پوشش سطح و اصالح پروفیل‬
courses. This work shall consist of construction in ‫ این کار شامل اعمار‬.‫سطح مشخص میسازد‬

137 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

single or multiple layers of asphalt concrete on a ‫یک یا چندین طبقه اسفالت باالی سطح قبال‬
previously prepared bituminous surface. A single ‫آماده شده قیرگون (پرایم کوت یا تک‬
layer shall be 25 mm to 100 mm in thickness. ‫ ضخامت یک طبقه واحد باید‬.‫کوت) میباشد‬
.‫ باشد‬100mm ‫ تا‬25mm ‫بین‬

306.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬306.2

306.2.1 Bitumen ‫ قیر‬306.2.1
The bitumen shall be asphalt cement for pavement )‫قیر (سمنت اسفالت برای اعمار فرش‬
construction grade AC-10 (penetration 70-80), or ‫ با نفوذپذیری‬AC-10 ‫باید دارای گرید‬
having viscosity grading 30 (VG-30) and/or used ‫ یا‬AASHTO M226 ‫ باشد که با‬70-80
Performance Grade of bitumen complying with ‫معادل آن که مطابقت با کودها و‬
AASHTO M226, AASHTO T202 or equivalent ‫ستندردهای بین المللی که به تایید‬
.‫ مطابقت کند‬،‫انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
complying with other international codes and
standards approved by the Engineer.

306.2.2 Coarse aggregates ‫ اگریگیت بزرگدانه‬306.2.2

The coarse aggregates shall consist of crushed ‫اگریگیت بزرگدانه باید متشکل از سنگ‬
rock, crushed gravel or other hard material ‫ جغل میده شده یا دیگر مواد‬،‫میده شده‬
retained on the 2.36 mm sieve. They shall be clean, .‫ بماند باشد‬2.36mm ‫سخت که باالی غربال‬
hard and durable, of cubical shape, free from dust ‫ در شکل‬،‫ سخت و بادوام‬،‫آنها باید پاک‬
and soft or friable matter, organic or other ‫ و عاری از گرد وخاک و مواد‬،‫های مکعبی‬
‫نرم و شکننده و مواد عضوی یا دیگر‬
deleterious substances. Where the Contractor’s
‫ جاییکه (در‬.‫مواد زیان آور باشد‬
selected source of aggregates have poor affinity
‫مواردیکه) منبع انتخاب شده قراردادی‬
for bitumen, as a condition for the approval of that ‫برای اگریگیت دارای جذب ضعیف قیر‬
source, the bitumen shall be treated with an ‫ قیر‬،‫ به عنوان شرط قبولی منبع‬،‫باشد‬
approved anti-stripping agent, as per the ‫برهنه قبول شده‬-‫باید با یک عامل ضد‬
manufacture’s recommendations, without ‫مطابق به سفارش تولید کننده و بدون‬
additional payment. Before approval of the source, ‫ قبل‬.‫ بهبود (درمان) یابد‬،‫تادیه اضافی‬
the aggregates shall be tested for stripping. The ‫ اگریگیت باید برای‬،‫از تایید منبع‬
aggregates shall satisfy the physical requirements ‫ اگریگیت باید‬.‫برهنگی تست گردد‬
specified in the following Table. ‫ضروریات فزیکی را که در جدول ذیل مشخص‬
.‫گردیده است برآورده نماید‬
Table 306-1 Physical requirements for Coarse
Aggregate for Asphalt Concrete Pavement
Property Test Specification
Max 5%
Grain size
Cleanliness passing 0.0075
analysis
mm sieve
Flakiness and
Elongation
Particle shape Max. 30%
Index
(Combined)
Los Angels
Max 30%
Strength Abrasion Value
Max 24%
Aggregate

138 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Impact Value
Polished Stone
Polishing Min 55
Value
Soundness
Sodium
Durability Sulphate Max 12%
Magnesium Max 18%
Sulphate
Water Water
Max 2%
absorption absorption
Coating and
stripping of Minimum
Stripping bitumen retained
aggregate coating 95%
mixtures
Retained
Water
tensile Min 80%
sensitivity
strength

306.2.3 Fine aggregates ‫ اگریگیت ریز دانه‬306.2.3

Fine aggregates shall consist of crushed or ‫اگریگیت ریز دانه باید متشکل از مواد‬
naturally occurring mineral material, or a ‫ یا ترکیب‬،‫منرالی میده شده یا طبیعی‬
combination of the two, passing the 2.36mm sieve ‫ عبور و‬2.36mm ‫ازین دو که از غربال‬
and retained on the 75 micron sieve. They shall be ‫ آنها باید‬.‫ بماند باشد‬75μ ‫باالی غربال‬
clean, hard, durable, dry and free from dust and ‫ و عاری از گرد‬،‫ سخت و بادوام‬،‫پاک‬
soft or friable matter, organic or other deleterious ‫وخاک و مواد نرم و شکننده و مواد عضوی‬
.‫یا دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
matter.
‫مقدار معادل ریگ اگریگیت ریز دانه‬
The fine aggregate shall have a sand equivalent
‫ مطابق به‬،‫ نباشد‬50 ‫باید کمتر از‬
value of not less than 50 when tested in
‫ یا کودهای دیگری بین‬AASHTO T176
accordance with AASHTO T176 or other equivalent ‫المللی که از طرف انجنیر تایید شده‬
international codes and standards approved by the .‫باشد‬
Engineer. ‫شاخصه پالستیک قسمتیکه از غربال‬
The plasticity index of the fraction passing the 4 ‫ عبور کند باید بیشتر از‬0.425 mm
0.425 mm sieve shall not exceed 4 when tested in ‫ یا‬AASHTO T89 & T90 ‫ مطابق به‬،‫نگردد‬
accordance with AASHTO T89 and T90 or other ‫کودهای دیگری بین المللی که از طرف‬
equivalent international codes and standards .‫انجنیر تایید شده باشد‬
approved by the Engineer.

306.2.4 Filler ‫ فیلر‬306.2.4

Filler shall consist of finely divided mineral matter ‫فیلر باید شامل مواد منرالی ریز مثل‬
such as rock dust, slug dust, hydrated lime, ،‫ آهک آبدار‬،‫فلز‬/‫ گرد سلگ‬،‫گرد سنگ‬
hydraulic cement, fly ash or other suitable ‫ یا مواد مناسب دیگر که از طرف‬،‫سمت‬
materials approved by the Engineer. .‫ باشد‬،‫انجینر تایید شده باشد‬
The filler shall be graded within the limits indicated ‫دانه بندی فیلر باید در محدوده های‬
AASHTO ‫ مطابق به‬،‫ذکر شده جدول ذیل‬

139 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

in the following Table in accordance with AASHTO .‫ باشد‬،ASTM D242 ‫ یا‬M17

M17 or ASTM D242.

Table 306-2 Grading Requirements for Mineral

Filler (AASHTO M17)
Sieve Designation Percent passing by mass
(mm)
1.18 100
0.6 97-100
0.3 95-100
0.075 70-100

The filler shall be free from organic impurities and ‫فیلر باید عاری از کثافات عضوی بوده‬
have plasticity index not greater than 4. The .‫ نباشد‬4 ‫و شاخصه پالستیک آن بیشتر از‬
plasticity index requirement shall not apply if filler ‫ضروریات شاخصه پالستیک نباید باالی فیلر‬
is cement or lime. When the coarse aggregate is .‫که سمت یا آهک باشد قابل تطبیق باشد‬
gravel, 2 percent by weight of total aggregate, shall ،‫زمانیکه اگریگیت بزرگ دانه جغل باشد‬
‫ باید سمت‬،‫ فیصد وزن کل اگریگیت‬2
be Portland cement or hydrated lime and the
‫پورتلند یا آهک آبدار باشد و فیصدی‬
percentage of fine aggregate reduced accordingly.
‫اگریگیت ریز دانه متناسب به آن کاهش‬
Cement or hydrated lime is not required when the
‫ زمانیکه اگریگیت سنگ آهک‬.‫یابد‬
limestone aggregate is used. Where the ‫ سمت و آهک آبدار ضرورت‬،‫استفاده شود‬
aggregates fail to meet the requirements of the ‫ جاییکه اگریگیت ضروریات حساسیت‬.‫نیست‬
water sensitivity test in Table 306-1, then 2 percent ‫ ذکر گردیده‬1-305 ‫آب را که در جدول‬
by total weight of aggregate of hydrated lime shall ‫ فیصد وزن کل‬2 ‫ پس‬،‫است پوره ننماید‬
be added without additional cost. ‫ بدون هزینه‬،‫اگریگیت سنگ آهک آبدار‬
.‫ عالوه گردد‬،‫اضافی‬

306.2.5 Aggregate grading and binder content ‫ دانه بندی اگریگیت و مقدار‬306.2.5
‫بایندر‬
The combined grading of the coarse and fine ‫دانه بندی کلی اگریگیت بزرگدانه و‬
aggregates and added filler shall fall within the ‫ریزدانه و فیلر عالوه شده باید در‬
limits shown in the following Table unless ‫محدوده که در جدول ذیل نشان داده شده‬
otherwise directed by the Engineer. ‫ مگر اینکه طوری دیگری توسط‬،‫است باشد‬
.‫انجنیر رهنمایی شده باشد‬
Table 306-3 Aggregate Gradation for Hot Asphalt
Mixes (Asphalt Institute Manual No. 22)
% Passing by Weight
Sieve Asphalt Concrete Asphalt Concrete
size Surface Course (AI Binder Course (AI
(mm) MS 22-12.5mm) MS 22-19mm)
Min. Max. Min. Max.
37.5 - - - -
25.4 - - 100 100
19 100 100 90 100

140 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

12.5 90 100 - -
9.5 - - 56 80
4.75 44 74 35 65
2.36 28 58 23 49
1.18 - - - -
0.60 - - - -
0.30 5 21 5 19
0.075 3 8 3 8

306.3 Mixture Design )‫ دیزاین مخلوط (اسفالت‬306.3

306.3.1 Requirements for the mixture ‫ ضروریات مخلوط‬306.3.1
Apart from conformity with the grading and ‫جدا از تطابق با دانه بندی و ضروریات‬
quality requirements for individual ingredients, ‫ مخلوط‬،)‫مرکبه‬/‫کیفیت برای هر جز (عنصر‬
the mixture shall meet the requirement set out in ‫باید ضروریات را که در جدول ذیل نشان‬
the following Table. .‫داده شده است پوره نماید‬

Table 306-4 Mix Property Requirement

Asphalt Concrete

Asphalt Concrete
Surface Course

Binder Course

Mix Properties

Total Bitumen Content:

(% by weight of total mix)
min.

4.0% 4.0%
(AI MS-22 2nd Ed. Table
2.05) (These percentages
shall be considered
"effective" content
max.

6.5% 6.0%
calculated as max. per AI
MS-2)
Marshall Specimens:
(AI MS-22 2nd Ed. Table
75 75
3.07) Number of blows each
end Specimen
8,000N

8,000N
min.

Stability
2 mm

2mm
min.

Flow

141 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

5 mm

5 mm
max.
min.
3.0% 3.0%

Air Voids
max.
5.0% 5.0%

Air Voids at Refusal Density

min.

(Refusal Marshall 2.0% 2.0%

Compaction)

Voids in the Mineral

min.

14% 13%.
Aggregate (VMA)
min.

65% 65%
Voids filled with Asphalt
(VFA)
max.

78% 78%

Retained Marshall Stability

min.

70% 70%
(AASHTO T-165)

All volumetric Marshall properties are to be ‫تمام خواص حجمی مارشال طوریکه در فصل‬
calculated as shown in the Asphalt Institute’s MS- ‫ رهنمای انستیوت‬،MS-2 ،6 ‫ چاپ‬،4
2 6th edition Chapter 4. ‫ محاسبه‬،‫اسفالت نشان داده شده است‬
.‫شود‬

306.3.2 Binder content ‫ مقدار بایندر‬306.3.2

The binder content shall be optimized to achieve ‫برای بدست آوردن ضروریات مخلوط که در‬
the requirements of the mixture set out in Table ‫ مقدار‬،‫ تعین شده است‬4-305 ‫جدول‬
306-4. The Marshall method for determining the ‫ روش مارشال‬.‫بایندر باید بهینه شود‬
optimum binder contents shall be adopted as ‫ طوریکه‬،‫برای تعین مقدار بهینه بایندر‬
described in the Asphalt Institute Manual MS-2, MS-2 ‫در رهنمای انستتیوت اسفالت‬
‫ با‬،‫ باید اقتباس گردد‬،‫تشریح شده است‬
replacing the aggregates retained on 26.5 mm
‫جایگزین کردن اگریگیت که روی غربال‬
sieve and retained on the 22.4 mm sieve, where
‫ با‬،‫ میماند‬22.4 mm ‫ و‬26.5 mm ‫های‬
approved by the Engineer.
.‫تصدیق انجنیر‬

142 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

306.3.3 Job mix formula ‫ فارمول جاب مکس‬305.3.3

The Contractor shall inform the Engineer in 20 ‫ حد اقل‬،‫قراردادی باید انجنیر را‬
writing, at least 20 days before the start of the ‫ از‬،‫ بطور کتبی‬،‫روز قبل از شروع کار‬
work, of the job mix formula proposed for use in ‫فارمول جاب مکس پیشنهادی برای کار‬
the works, and shall give the following details; ‫ و باید جزییات‬،‫ اطالع داده‬،‫مورد نظر‬
:‫ذیل را معلومات دهد‬
(i) Source and location of all materials
،‫) منبع و موقعیت تمام مواد‬i(

(ii) Proportion of all materials expressed as

،‫تطبیق‬ ‫ قابل‬،‫) تناسب تمام مواد‬ii(
follows where each is applicable; ،‫طوریکه ذیال بیان شده است‬
a) Binder type and percentage by weight ‫) نوع بایندر و فیصدی به اساس‬a
of total mixture; ،‫وزن کل مخلوط‬
b) Coarse aggregate/fine aggregate/ ‫) اگریگیت بزرگدانه و ریزدانه‬b
mineral filler as percentage by weight ‫و فیلر منرالی به فیصدی به‬
of total aggregate including mineral ‫اساس وزن کل اگریگیت شامل‬
filler; .‫فیلر منرالی‬

(iii) A single definite percentage passing each ‫) فیصدی مشخص عبور از هر غربال‬iii(
sieve for the mixed aggregate; ،‫برای اگریگیت مخلوط شده‬

‫ و‬،‫) دانه بندی هر نوع از اگریگیت‬iv(

(iv) The individual grading of the individual
،‫تناسب هرکدام در مخلوط‬
aggregate fractions, and the proportion of
each in the combined grading; ‫) نتایج آزمایش های ذکر شده در جدول‬v(
‫ که توسط قراردادی بدست‬305-5
(v) The results of tests enumerated in Table ،‫آمده باشد‬
306-5 as obtained by the Contractor;
)‫) هرگاه بچ مکسر (مخلوط کن خورد‬vi(
(vi) Where the mixer is a batch mixer, the ‫ وزن های انفرادی‬،‫استفاده شود‬
individual weights of each type of ‫هر نوع اگریگیت و بایندر فی‬
aggregate and binder per batch; ،‫مخلوط‬

‫) نتایج مشخصات فزیکی اگریگیت‬vii(

(vii) Test results of physical characteristics of
‫مورد استفاده و حرارت مخلوط‬
aggregates to be used; and
،‫شدن و تپک شدن‬

(viii) Mixing temperature and compacting ،‫در هنگام ساختن فارمول جاب مکس‬
temperature. ‫قراردادی باید خود را مطمین بسازد که‬
‫این فارمول به اساس یک نمونه که بگونه‬
While establishing the job mix formula, the ‫درست از موادیکه قرار است در مخلوط و‬
Contractor shall ensure that it is based on a correct ‫کارحقیقی استفاده میشود نماینده گی‬
and truly representative sample of the materials ‫کرده و اینکه تمام مرکبه های آن‬
that will actually be used in the work and that the ‫ضروریات فزیکی و مقاومت را که درین‬
mixture and its different ingredients satisfy the ،‫سند ذکر گردیده است پوره مینماید‬
physical and strength requirements of these .‫ساخته شود‬
Specifications. ‫تصدیق فارمول جاب مکس باید به اساس‬

143 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Approval of the job mix formula shall be based on ‫آزمایش های انجام شده توسط یک‬
independent testing carried out by authorized ‫البراتوار مستقل تصدیق شده که توسط‬
laboratory and witnessed by the Engineer for ‫ و نمونه های‬،‫انجنیر نظارت شده باشد‬
which samples of all ingredients of the mix shall be ‫توسط‬ ‫ها‬ ‫مرکبه‬ ‫تمام‬ ‫شده‬ ‫تهیه‬
furnished by the Contractor as required by the ‫ طوریکه توسط انجنیر الزم‬،‫قراردادی‬
.‫ باشد‬،‫دیده شده‬
Engineer.
‫فارمول جاب مکس تصدیق شده باید تا‬
The approved job mix formula shall remain
‫زمانی قابل اجرا باشد که فارمول مجدد‬
effective unless and until a revised job mix formula .‫دیگر (در صورت ضرورت) تصدیق شود‬
is approved. Should a change in the source of ‫ قبل‬،‫هرگاه تغیر منبع مواد ضرورت شود‬
materials be proposed, a new job mix formula shall ‫از استفاده (منبع جدید) یک فارمول جاب‬
be forwarded to the Engineer for approval before ‫مکس جدید برای تصدیق انجنیر فرستاده‬
placing of the material. .‫شود‬

306.3.4 Plant trials )‫ نمونه امتحانی دستگاه (پالنت‬306.3.4

Once the laboratory job mix formula is approved, ‫زمانیکه فارمول جاب مکس البراتوار‬
the Contractor shall carry out plant trials at the ‫ قراردادی باید نمونه‬،‫تصدیق شد‬
mixer to establish that the plant can be set up to ‫امتحانی را در دستگاه انجام دهد تا‬
produce a uniform mix conforming to the ‫نشان دهد که دستگاه قابلیت تولید‬
approved job mix formula. The permissible ‫مخلوط یکنواخت را که مطابقت با فارمول‬
‫جاب مکس تصدیق شده داشته باشد را‬
variations of the individual percentages of the
‫ تغیرات مجاز هر فیصدی مرکبه های‬.‫دارد‬
various ingredients in the actual mix from the job
‫مختلف در مخلوط حقیقی از آنچه که در‬
mix formula to be used shall be within the limits as
‫ باید‬،‫فارمول جاب مکس استفاده شده است‬
specified in the Table below. These variations are ‫در محدوده آنچه که در جدول ذیل نشان‬
intended to apply to individual specimens taken ‫ این تغیرات بر‬.‫داده شده است باشد‬
for quality control tests. ‫نمونه های انفرادی که برای آزمایش های‬
‫ قابل تطبیق‬،‫کنترول کیفیت گرفته میشود‬
.‫است‬
Table 306-5 Permissible Variations from the Job
Mix Formula
Description Permissible Variations
Base/Binde Wearing
r Course Course
Aggregate passing ±8% ±7%
19mm sieve or larger
Aggregate passing ±7% ±6%
13,2mm, 9.5mm

Aggregate passing ±6% ±5%

4.75mm
Aggregate passing ±5% ±4%
2.36mm. 1.18mm,
0.6mm

144 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Aggregate passing ±4% ±3%

0.3mm, 0.15mm
Aggregate passing ±2% ±1.5%
0.075mm
Binder content ±0.3% ±0.3%
Mixing temperature ±10℃ ±10℃

Once the plant trials have been demonstrated the ‫توانایی‬ ‫دستگاه‬ ‫امتحان‬ ‫زمانیکه‬
capability of the plant, and the trials are approved, ‫ و امتحان‬،‫دستگاه را به نمایش بگذارد‬
the laying operation may commence. Over the )‫ عمل ریخت (اسفالت ریزی‬،‫تصدیق گردد‬
period of the first month of production for laying ‫ در خالل ماه اول‬.‫میتواند آغاز گردد‬
on the works, the Engineer shall require additional ‫ انجنیر باید‬،‫تولید برای اسفالت ریزی‬
)‫آزمایش های اضافی باالی تولید (محصول‬
testing of the product to establish the reliability
‫را جهت اطمینان و ثبات دستگاه درخواست‬
and consistency of the plant.
.‫نماید‬

306.3.5 Laying trials ‫ ریخت امتحانی (اسفالت ریزی‬306.3.5

)‫امتحانی‬
Once the plant trials have been successfully ‫زمانیکه نمونه امتحانی دستگاه بطور‬
completed and approved, the Contractor shall ‫ قراردادی‬،‫موفقانه تکمیل و تصدیق شد‬
carry out laying trials, to demonstrate that the ‫باید نمونه امتحانی ریخت را انجام‬
proposed mix can be successfully laid, and ‫ تا نشان دهد که مخلوط مفروض‬،‫دهد‬
compacted. The laying trial shall be carried out on ‫(پیشنهادی) میتواند بطور موفقانه‬
‫هموار گردیده و مطابق به مشخصات تپک‬
a suitable area which is not form part of the works
‫ نمونه امتحانی ریخت در یک جای‬.‫میگردد‬
or a parts of the work as directed by the Engineer.
‫مناسب که جز از ساحه کار نباشد انجام‬
In case of the failure the trail shall be removed
‫ مگر اینکه مشخصا بطور کتبی توسط‬،‫شود‬
completely and prepare the base course properly. ‫ ساحه نمونه‬.‫انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
The area of the laying trials shall be a minimum of ‫ متر‬100 m2 ‫امتحانی ریخت باید حداقل‬
50 linear meter of the road. ‫مربع ساختمان مشابه به پروژه سرک بوده‬
The Contractor shall previously inform the ،‫ بویژه تپک کاری‬،‫و در تمام موارد‬
Engineer of the proposed method for laying and ‫همانند اعمار پروژه ایکه قرار است‬
compacting the material. The plant trials shall then .‫ باشد‬،‫اسفالت ریزی گردد‬
establish if the proposed laying plant, compaction ‫قراردادی باید روش ریخت و تپک کاری‬
plant, and methodology is capable of producing ‫ هرگاه‬.‫را قبال به انجنیر اطالع دهد‬
satisfactory results. The density of finished paving ‫ و روش‬،‫ تپک کاری‬،‫نمونه امتحانی ریخت‬
layer shall be determined by taking cores, no ‫کاری ارایه نتایج رضایتبخش را بار‬
‫ نمونه امتحانی دستگاه ساخته‬،‫آورد‬
sooner than 24 hours after laying, or by other
‫ کثافت طبقه اسفالت باید با‬.‫شود‬
approved method.
‫ بعد از‬،‫استفاده از نمونه گیری هسته‬
Once the laying trials have been approved, the ‫ و یا روش دیگری‬،‫ ساعت از زمان ریخت‬24
same plant and methodology shall be applied to ،‫که توسط انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
the laying of the material on the Project, and no .‫دریافت گردد‬
variation of either shall be acceptable, unless ‫زمانیکه نمونه امتحانی ریخت تصدیق‬
approved in writing by the Engineer, who may at ‫ عین دستگاه و روش کاری ریخت‬،‫گردید‬
his discretion require further laying trials. ‫مواد در پروژه تطبیق گردیده و هیچ‬
،‫تغییری در هردو باید قابل قبول نباشد‬

145 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

‫مگر اینکه بطور کتبی توسط انجنیر‬

‫ که ممکن نظر به‬،‫تصدیق شده باشد‬
‫صالحدیدش نمونه امتحانی ریخت دیگری را‬
.‫تقاضا نماید‬

306.4 Construction Operations )‫ جریان اعمار (عمل ساختمان‬306.4

306.4.1 Weather and seasonal limitations ‫ محدودیت های آب و هوا و فصل‬306.4.1
Laying shall be suspended while free-standing ‫زمانیکه آب ایستاده روی سطح که باید‬
water is present on the surface to be covered, or ،‫پوشیده شود (اسفالت گردد) موجود باشد‬
during rain, fog and dust storms. After rain, the ‫ و طوفان گرد و‬،‫در هنگام بارندگی‬
bituminous surface, prime or tack coat, shall be .‫ ریخت باید موقتا متوقف گردد‬،‫غبار‬
blown off with a high pressure air jet to remove ‫ سطح پوشیده توسط مواد‬،‫بعد از باران‬
‫ با وسایل با‬،‫ پرایم و یا تک کوت‬،‫قیر‬
excess moisture, or the surface left to dry before
‫فشار بلند جارو شده تا رطوبت اضافی‬
laying shall start. Laying of bituminous mixtures
‫ و یا صبر شود تا اینکه سطح‬،‫دور شود‬
shall not be carried out when the air temperature
‫ هرگاه درجه‬.‫قبل از ریخت خشک شود‬
at the surface on which it is to be laid is below 7℃ ‫حرارت سطح که قرار است پوشیده شود‬
or when the wind speed at any temperature ‫ درجه‬10 ‫(اسفالت گردد) کمتر از‬
exceeds 40km/hr at 2m height unless otherwise ‫سانتیگراد باشد و یا زمانیکه سرعت باد‬
specifically approved by the Engineer. ‫ کیلومتر فی‬40 ‫در هر درجه حرارت از‬
،‫ متر زیاد شود‬2 ‫ساعت در ارتفاع‬
‫ مگر‬،‫اسفالت ریزی باید صورت نگیرد‬
‫اینکه مشخصا توسط انجنیر تصدیق شده‬
.‫باشد‬

306.4.2 Preparation of base ‫ آماده سازی بیس کورس‬306.4.2

The surface on which the asphalt concrete is to be ‫سطح که باالی آن اسفالت ریزی میگردد‬
laid shall be prepared in accordance with the ‫باید در مطابقت با موضوعات زیرین و‬
followings or as directed by the Engineer. ،‫یا طوریکه توسط انجنیر رهنمایی شود‬
.‫باشد‬

(1) Preparing existing granular surface ‫) آماده سازی سطح موجوده دانه دار‬1(
)‫(سطح خامه‬
Where the bituminous material is to be laid on ‫در جاییکه قرار باشد اسفالت ریزی باالی‬
the existing granular surface, the surface shall ‫ سطح باید‬،‫سطح موجوده خامه صورت گیرد‬
be primed in accordance with Clause 303. .‫ پرایم کوت شود‬303 ‫مطابق به بند‬
The surface finish of all granular layers on ‫پرداز سطح همه طبقه های خامه که قرار‬
which bituminous works are to be placed shall ‫ باید عاری از‬،‫است اسفالت ریزی شود‬
‫ مگر اینکه مشخصا توسط‬،‫گرد باشد‬
unless otherwise specifically instructed by the
.‫انجنیر طوری دیگری رهنمایی شده باشد‬
Engineer be free from dust. All such layers
‫ بعد از دور کردن‬،‫همه چنین طبقه ها‬
shall be capable of being swept after removal
‫ باید قابلیت جارو شدن را‬،‫مواد سست‬
of any non-integral loose material, by means ‫ بدون‬،‫توسط جاروی میخانیکی داشته باشد‬
of a mechanical broom, without shedding ‫اینکه مقدار قابل مالحظه مواد و گرد‬
significant quantities of material and dust ‫ یا طریقه دیگری‬،‫ شستشو‬،‫توسط جت هوا‬
removed by air jet, washing, or other means ‫که توسط انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد جاری‬
approved by the Engineer. In locations where ‫ در جاهاییکه جاروی میخانیکی‬.‫شود‬
mechanical broom cannot access, other ‫ روش ها دیگری‬،‫دسترسی داشته نمیتواند‬

146 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

approved methods shall be used as directed by ‫ طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت‬،‫شده‬ ‫قبول‬
the Engineer. ‫ سطح‬،‫ بعد از پاککاری‬.‫شده باشد‬ ‫داده‬
After cleaning the surface shall be correct of ‫مطابق به خط و لیول در محدوده‬ ‫باید‬
line and level within the tolerances specified ‫بیس مشخص شده‬/‫قبول که برای سبیس‬ ‫قابل‬
for base course. .‫اصالح شود‬ ،‫است‬

(2) Scarifying existing bituminous surface ‫موجوده‬ ‫سطح‬ )‫) قلبه (تیغ زدن‬2(
)‫اسفالتی (سطح پخته‬
Where specified or shown on the drawings, ‫در جاییکه مشخص شده باشد و یا در نقشه‬
the existing bituminous layer in the specified ‫ سطح موجوده‬،‫ها نشان داده شده باشد‬
width shall be removed with care and without ‫ توسط روش‬،‫اسفالتی در عرض مشخص شده‬
causing undue disturbance to the underlying ،‫مناسب که توسط انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
layer, by a suitable method approved by the ‫طوریکه به طبقه های زیر آن آسیب زیادی‬
‫ بعد از‬.‫نرسد باید برداشته شود‬
Engineer. After removal of all loose and
،‫برداشتن تمام مواد سست و جدا شده‬
disintegrated material, the underlying layers
‫طبقه های زیر که ممکن آسیب دیده باشد‬
which might have been disturbed should be ‫باید بگونه مناسب تصحیح و تپک شده تا‬
suitably reworked and compacted to line and ‫ بعد از تکمیلی مواد‬.‫لیول گردد‬
level. After supplementing the base material ‫ سطح‬،‫بیس با مواد دانه دار تازه‬/‫سبیس‬
as necessary with suitable fresh granular ‫تکمیل شده ی تپک شده باید مطابق به‬
materials, the compacted finished surface ‫ مواد قابل‬.‫ پرایم کوت گردد‬303 ‫بند‬
shall be primed in accordance with Clause 303. ‫ طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت‬،‫استفاده‬
Reusable materials shall be stacked as directed ‫ متر از جای‬1000 ‫ در فاصله‬،‫داده شده‬
by the Engineer within 5000m of their origin. .‫اصلی اش انباشته شود‬

(3) Patching of potholes and sealing of cracks ‫) پینه کاری حفره ها و پرکاری درزها‬3(
Where the existing surface to be overlaid is ‫در جاییکه سطح موجوده که قرار است‬
bituminous, any existing pot holes and cracks ‫ حفره های‬،‫ اسفالت باشد‬،‫پوشانده شود‬
shall be repaired and sealed in accordance ‫موجوده و درزها باید مطابق به بندهای‬
with the relevant Clauses of these ‫مربوطه این سند یا طوریکه توسط انجنیر‬
Specifications or as directed by the Engineer. ‫هدایت داده شده باشد ترمیم و پرکاری‬
.‫گردد‬

(4) Laying the profile corrective course ‫) ریخت طبقه اصالحی پروفایل‬4(
a) Laying on granular base ‫بیس‬/‫) ریخت باالی سبیس‬a
After preparing the granular surface, the ‫ طبقه‬،‫بعد از آماده کردن سطح دانه دار‬
profile corrective course shall be laid using ‫اصالحی پروفایل باید با استفاده از‬
materials as shown on the drawings or as ‫مواد که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده یا‬
directed by the Engineer, and compacted to ‫طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت شده باشد‬
‫انداخته شده و مطابق به ضروریات که‬
the requirement.
.‫در این سند ذکر گردیده تپک کاری گردد‬

b) Laying on existing bituminous surface

‫) ریخت باالی سطح موجوده اسفالتی‬b
The existing bituminous surface shall be ‫سطح موجوده اسفالتی باید با پینه کاری‬
prepared by patching of pot holes and sealing ‫حفره ها و پرکاری درزها بعد از تطبیق‬
of cracks and after allying tack coat conforming ،‫ آماده شود‬،304 ‫تک کوت مطابق به بند‬
to Clause 304, the bituminous profile ‫طبقه اصالحی پروفایل اسفالتی باید‬

147 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

corrective course shall be laid and compacted ‫مطابق به ضروریات انداخته و تپک کاری‬
to the requirement. .‫گردد‬

c) Correction of local depressions ‫) اصالح فرورفتگی های موضعی در جاییکه‬c

Where local sags or depression occur in the ‫فرورفتگی های موضعی در فرش موجوده‬
existing pavement, a specific filing operation ‫ باید عمل مشخص تراشکاری‬،‫رخ دهد‬
‫ که باید‬،‫توسط انجنیر رهنمایی شود‬
shall be instructed by the Engineer, which
.‫در طبقه های هموار انداخته شود‬
should be laid in flat layers. Normally, the
‫ ضخامت اعظمی هر طبقه در یک‬،‫معموال‬
maximum layer thickness at any point should
‫ میلیمتر تجاوز‬100 ‫نقطه نباید از‬
not exceed 100mm. .‫کند‬

(5) Covering the profile corrective course ‫) پوشیدن طبقه اصالحی پروفایل‬5(
Profile corrective course shall be so planned ‫طبقه اصالحی پروفایل باید طوری پالن شود‬
that the layer shall be covered by the designed ‫که در زودترین فرصت توسط طبقه‬
base/wearing course at the earliest ‫ قبل از اینکه به روی‬،‫سطح‬/‫بایندر‬
opportunity, before opening to regular traffic. .‫ پوشانده شود‬،‫ترافیک باز گردد‬

306.4.3 Mixing of the mixture ‫ خلط مخلوط‬306.4.3

Premixed bituminous materials shall be prepared ‫مواد قیری قبال مخلوط شده باید در‬
in a hot mix plant of adequate capacity and ‫دستگاه مخلوط داغ (هات مکس پالنت) با‬
capable of yielding a mix of proper and uniform ‫ظرفیت کافی تهیه شده و این دستگاه‬
quality with thoroughly coated aggregates. ‫قابلیت تولید مخلوط مناسب و کیفیت‬
Appropriate mixing temperature can be found in ‫یکنواخت با اگریگیت سراسر پوشیده شده‬
‫ درجه حرارت‬.‫(از قیر) را دارا باشد‬
the Table below.
‫مناسب مخلوط در جدول ذیل دریافت شده‬
.‫میتواند‬
Table 306-4 Manufacturing and Rolling
Temperatures
Material (℃)
Penetration

Mixing (℃)

Mixing (℃)
Aggregate
Bitumen

Bitumen

Rolling
Laying
Mixed

(℃)

(℃)
170 max
160-170

160-175

130 min

100 min
35

165 max
150-165

150-170

125 min

90 min
65

155 max
140-160

140-165

115 min

80 min
90

The difference in temperature between the binder ‫تفاوت درجه حرارت بایندر و اگریگیت‬

148 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

and aggregate should at no time exceed 14℃. In ‫ درجه‬14 ‫در هر زمانی نباید از‬
order to ensure uniform quality of the mix and ‫ برای اطمینان‬.‫سانتیگراد تجاوز کند‬
better coating of aggregates, the hot mix plant ‫از کیفیت یکنواخت مخلوط و پوشش بهتر‬
shall be calibrated from time to time. ‫ دستگاه مخلوط داغ باید وقتا‬،‫اگریگیت‬
.‫فوقتا میزان (عیار) گردد‬

306.4.4 Transportation of the Mixture ‫ انتقال مخلوط‬306.4.4

Bituminous materials shall be transported in clean ‫مواد قیرگون (اسفالت) باید در یک‬
insulated vehicles, and unless otherwise agreed by ،‫عراده پاک و عایق شده انتقال یابد‬
the Engineer, shall be covered while in transit or ‫مگر اینکه طوری دیگری توسط انجنیر‬
awaiting tipping. Subject to the approval of the ‫ و باید در زمان‬،‫توافق شده باشد‬
Engineer, a thin coating of diesel or lubricating oil .‫انتقال و یا انتظار پوشیده باشد‬
‫ سطح داخل‬،‫مشروط به تصدیق انجنیر‬
may be applied to the interior of the vehicle to
‫عراده ممکن توسط یک طبقه نازک دیزل‬
prevent sticking and to facilitate discharge of the
‫چرب گردد تا از چسپش اسفالت با عراده‬
material.
‫جلوگیری و هنگام تخلیه سهولت ایجاد‬
.‫شود‬

306.4.5 Spreading ‫ انتشار‬306.4.5

Except in areas where a mechanical paver cannot ‫به استثنای جاهاییکه پیور میخانیکی‬
access, bituminous materials shall be spread, ‫ اسفالت باید‬،‫دسترسی (رفته) نمیتواند‬
leveled and tamped by an approved self-propelled ‫توسط یک ماشین خودرو (خودکار) تصدیق‬
machine, as soon as possible after arrival at site, )‫ هموار و پرکاری (سوراخ ها‬،‫شده منتشر‬
the materials shall be supplied continuously to the ‫ بعد از رسیدن مواد به ساحه به‬.‫گردد‬
‫ مواد باید بگونه‬،‫زودترین فرصت ممکنه‬
paver and laid without delay.
‫پیوست به پیور رسانده شده و بدون‬
The rate of delivery of material to the paver shall
.‫معطلی هموار گردد‬
be regulated to enable the paver to operate
‫نرخ (میزان) تحویلی مواد به پیور باید‬
continuously. The travel rate of the paver, and its ‫تنظیم گردد تا پیور بطور پیوست عمل‬
method of operations, shall be adjusted to ensure ‫ سرعت سفر پیور و روش‬.‫(فعالیت) نماید‬
an even and uniform flow of bituminous material ‫کار آن باید عیار شود تا اطمینان حاصل‬
across the screed, free from dragging, tearing and ‫شود که یک جریان اسفالت مسطح و‬
segregation of the material. In areas with ‫یکنواخت به امتداد نوار (شمشه) عاری‬
restricted space where mechanical paver cannot ‫ پارگی و جدایی (دوگانگی میده‬،‫از کشه‬
be used, the material shall be spread, raked and ‫ در ساحاتی با فضای‬.‫و درشت) مواد باشد‬
leveled with suitable hand tools by experienced ‫محدود جاییکه پیور میخانیکی استفاده‬
staff, and compacted to the satisfaction of the ‫ مواد باید توسط وسایل‬،‫شده نمیتواند‬
Engineer. ‫ میل‬،‫ منتشر‬،‫دستی مناسب و افراد مجرب‬
‫دار و هموار گردیده و مطابق رضایت‬
The minimum thickness of material laid in each
.‫انجنیر تپککاری گردد‬
paver pass shall be in accordance with the
‫کمترین ضخامت مواد که از طریق پیور‬
minimum values given in the relevant part of these
‫انداخته میشود باید مطابق به کمترین‬
Specifications. When laying binder course or ‫مقدار ذکر شده در بخشهای مربوطه این‬
wearing course approaching an expansion joint of ‫ زمانیکه بایندر و یا طبقه‬.‫سند باشد‬
a structure, machine laying shall stop 300mm short ‫آخری که نزدیک به جاینت یک سترکچر‬
of the joint. The remainder of the pavement up to ‫ ریخت توسط ماشین باید‬،‫انداخته میشود‬

149 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

the joint, and the corresponding area beyond it, ‫ میلیمتر دورتر از جاینت توقف داده‬300
shall be laid by hand, and the joint or joint cavity ‫ متباقی فرش تا به جاینت و ساحه‬.‫شود‬
shall be kept clear of surfacing material. ‫ باید توسط دست ریخت‬،‫مشابه بغیر از آن‬
Bituminous material, with a temperature greater ‫ و جاینت یا درز جاینت خالی از‬،‫گردد‬
than 145℃, shall not be laid or deposited on .‫مواد سطح باشد‬
145 ‫ با درجه حرارت بیشتر از‬،‫اسفالت‬
bridge deck waterproofing systems, unless
‫ نباید باالی سیستم ضد‬،‫درجه سانتیگراد‬
precautions against heat damage have been
‫ مگر‬،‫آب بدنه پل ریخت یا ذخیره گردد‬
approved by the Engineer. ‫اینکه تدابیر درمقابل تخریب حرارت از‬
Hand placing of premixed bituminous materials .‫طرف انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
shall only be permitted in the following ‫ریخت دستی اسفالت قبال مخلوط شده باید‬
circumstances. ‫تنها در شرایط (موارد) ذیل اجازه داده‬
(i) For laying regulating courses of irregular .‫شود‬
shape and varying thickness ‫) برای ریخت طبقه در جاهای با شکل‬i(
.‫های نامنظم و ضخامت های متغیر‬
(ii) In confined space where it is impracticable
for a paver to operate ‫) در فضای محدود شده جاییکه فعالیت‬ii(
.‫پیور عملی نیست‬
(iii) For footways
.‫) برای پیاده روها‬iii(
(iv) At the approaches to expansion joints at
‫) در مجاورت به جاینت های انبساطی‬iv(
bridges, viaducts or other structures ‫ پل های راه آهن یا‬،‫پل ها‬
.‫سترکچرهای دیگر‬
(v) For filling of potholes
.‫) برای پرکاری حفره ها‬v(
(vi) Where directed by the Engineer.
‫) جاییکه توسط انجنیر هدایت داده‬vi(
Manual spreading of premixed wearing course .‫شود‬
material or the addition of such material by hand-
spreading to the paved area, for adjustment of ‫انتشار دستی طبقه سطح قبال مخلوط شده‬
level, shall only be permitted in the following ‫یا عالوه چنین مواد توسط انتشار دست‬
‫ بمنظور عیار سازی‬،‫به ساحه فرش شده‬
circumstances.
‫ باید تنها در موارد ذیل اجازه‬،‫سطح‬
(i) At the edges of the layers of material and
.‫داده شود‬
at gullies and manholes
‫در کنار طبقه مواد و جویچه ها و منهول‬
.)‫ها (دریچه آدم رو‬
(ii) At the approaches to expansion joints at ‫ پل‬،‫در نزدیکی جاینت انبساطی پل ها‬
bridges, viaducts or other structures .‫های راه آهن یا سترکچرهای دیگر‬
.‫جاییکه توسط انجنیر هدایت داده شود‬
(iii) As directed by the Engineer.

306.4.6 Cleanliness and overlaying ‫ پاکیزگی و پوشش‬306.4.6

Bituminous material shall be kept clean and ‫اسفالت باید پاک و غیر آلوده حفظ‬
uncontaminated. The only traffic permitted to run ‫ یگانه ترافیک مجاز که باالی‬.‫گردد‬
on bituminous material to be overlaid shall be that ‫اسفالت جهت فشار عبور کند باید در‬
engaged in laying and compacting the next course ،‫ریخت یا تپک طبقه بعدی دخیل باشد یا‬
or, where a binder course is to be sealed or surface ‫ که‬،‫جاییکه طبقه بایندر رویه کشی شود‬

150 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

dressed, that engaged on such surface treatment. ‫ هرگاه‬.‫در چنین رویه کشی دخیل باشد‬
Should any bituminous material become ‫ قراردادی باید آنرا‬،‫اسفالت کثیف شود‬
contaminated, the Contractor shall make it good to ‫ در‬،‫خوب بسازد به درجه قناعت انجنیر‬
the satisfaction of the Engineer, in compliance with .306.4.2 ‫مطابقت به بند‬
Clause 306.4.2 ‫مواد بایندر نباید توسط طبقه سطح یا‬
‫ هرکدام که در قرارداد مشخص شده‬،‫رویه‬
Binder course material shall not remain uncovered
‫ بعد‬،‫ برای مدت سه روز متواتر‬،‫باشد‬
by either the wearing course or surface treatment,
.‫ ناپوشیده بماند‬،‫ازینکه ریخت شود‬
whichever is specified in the Contract, for more ‫ به کمترین‬،‫انجنیر ممکن این مدت را‬
than three consecutive days after being laid. The ‫ بخاطر شرایط‬،‫مقدار زمان مورد نیاز‬
engineer may extend this period, by the minimum .‫ تمدید نماید‬،‫اقلیمی یا دالیل دیگر‬
amount of time necessary, because of weather ‫اگر سطح طبقه بیس در معرض ترافیک قرار‬
conditions or of for any other reason. ،‫ یا در مدت سه روز پوشیده نشود‬،‫گیرد‬
‫ طوریکه توسط‬،‫تک کوت باید تطبیق گردد‬
.‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد‬

306.4.7 Rolling )‫ تپک کاری (رول کاری‬306.4.7

Bituminous materials shall be laid and compacted ‫اسفالت باید در طبقه های ریخت و رول‬
in layers which enable the specified thickness, ‫ و‬،‫ لیول سطح‬،‫گردد که ضخامت مشخص شده‬
surface level, regularity requirements and ‫ضروریات عادی و تپک کاری را بدست‬
compaction to be achieved. ‫ تپک کاری اسفالت باید هرچه زود‬.‫آورد‬
Compaction of bituminous materials shall ‫ مواد باید‬.‫بعد از ریخت آغاز گردد‬
‫اساسا قبل از اینکه حرارت آن پایینتر‬
commence as soon as possible after laying.
‫از کمترین درجه که در بخش مربوطه این‬
Compaction shall be substantially compacted
‫ رول‬.‫ تپک گردد‬،‫سند ذکر گردیده برسد‬
before temperature falls below the minimum
‫جاینت های طولی باید فورا به ادامه‬
rolling temperatures stated in the relevant part of ‫ رول‬،‫ بعد ازین‬.‫جریان ریخت انجام شود‬
these Specifications. Rolling of longitudinal joints ‫از کناره ها شروع و بطرف خط مرکز بطور‬
shall be done immediately behind the paving ‫ بجز از اینکه‬،‫طولی ادامه پیدا کند‬
operations. After this, rolling shall commence at ‫در ویراژ ها و میل های یکطرفه که از‬
the edges and progress towards the center ‫پایینترین به باالترین کنار موازی به‬
longitudinally except that on super elevated and ‫ رول کاری تا‬.‫خط مرکز فرش ادامه یابد‬
unidirectional cambered portions, it shall progress ‫زمانی ادامه پیدا کند که تمام نشانه‬
from the lower to the upper edge parallel to the .‫های رولر از سطح برداشته (گم) شود‬
centerline of the pavement. Rolling shall continue ‫تمام نواقص سطح بعد از ریخت و قبل‬
until all roller marks have been removed from the ،‫ازینکه رول کاری آغازین شروع گردد‬
‫توسط کارگران حاضر دنبال پیور درست‬
surface. All deficiencies in the surface after laying
)‫ رول آغازین باید با رولر (غلتک‬.‫گردد‬
shall be made good by the attendants behind the
100-80 ‫مرده‬ ‫وزن‬ ‫با‬ ‫تایر‬-‫لشم‬
paver, before initial rolling is commenced. The ‫ رول وسطی با‬.‫کیلونیوتن انجام شود‬
initial or breakdown rolling shall be done with 80- 100-80 ‫تایر با وزن مرده‬-‫رولر لشم‬
100 kN dead weight smooth-wheeled rollers. The ‫کیلونیوتن یا با رولر ویبره با‬
intermediate rolling shall be done with 80-100 kN 150-120 ‫وزن‬ ‫با‬ ‫رابری‬ ‫تایرهای‬
dead weight or vibratory roller with a pneumatic ‫ چرخ دارد با فشار تایر‬9 ‫کیلونیوتن که‬
tire roller of 120 to 150 kN weight having nine ‫ رول‬.‫ انجام شود‬0.6 MN/m2 ‫حد اقل‬
wheels, with a tire pressure of at least 600kN/m2. ‫نهایی باید با رولر چرخ های دوپشته‬
The finish rolling shall be done with 60 to 80 kN ‫ کیلونیوتن‬80-60 ‫(پشت سرهم) با وزن‬
smooth wheeled tandem rollers. .‫انجام شود‬

151 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Where compaction is to be determined by density ‫جاییکه مقدار تپک توسط کثافت هسته‬
of cores, the requirements to prove the ‫ ضروریات که عملکرد رولر‬،‫معلوم شود‬
performance of rollers shall apply in order to ‫را ثابت میسازد عملی گردد تا نشان‬
demonstrate that the specified density can be ‫داده شود که کثافت مشخص شده بدست آمده‬
achieved. In such cases the Contractor shall ‫ در چنین حاالتی قراردادی باید‬.‫میتواند‬
‫دستگاه و روش را که او قصد دارد تا‬
nominate the plant, and the method by which he
‫مقدار مشخص شده تپک را بدست آورد و‬
intends to achieve the specified level of
‫در درجه حرارت باالتر از کمترین درجه‬
compaction and finish at temperatures above the ‫ را‬،‫مشخص شده رول کاری تمام نماید‬
minimum specified rolling temperature. Laying ‫ ریخت امتحانی باید میزان‬.‫معرفی نماید‬
trials shall then demonstrate the acceptability of ‫قبولی دستگاه و روش استفاده شده را‬
the plan and method used. .‫به نمایش بگذارد‬
Bituminous materials shall be rolled in a ‫ با گردش‬،‫اسفالت باید در مسیر طولی‬
longitudinal direction, with the driven rolls nearest .‫ رول کاری شود‬،‫به نزدیکترین پیور‬
the paver. The roller shall first compact material ‫رولر اوال باید مواد مجاور جاینت ها‬
adjacent to joints and then work from the lower to ‫را تپک و بعدا از پایینترین تا‬
the upper side of the layer, overlapping on ‫ با رویهم‬،‫باالترین طرف طبقه کار نماید‬
successive passes by at least one-third of the width ‫آوری گردش های پیهم به اندازه حداقل‬
‫ در حالت‬،‫سوم عرض رول عقبی یا‬-‫یک‬
of the rear roll or, in the case of pneumatic-tire
،‫استفاده از رولر با تایرهای رابری‬
roller, at least the nominal width of 300mm.
300 )‫حداقل به اندازه عرض اسمی (تصوری‬
In portions with super-elevated and unidirectional
.‫میلیمتر‬
camber, after the edge has been rolled, the roller ،‫در قسمت های ویراژ و میل های یکطرفه‬
shall progress from the lower to the upper edge. ‫ رولر باید‬،‫بعد ازینکه کناره رول شود‬
Roller should move at a speed of not more than 5 .‫از پایین به کنار باال حرکت کند‬
km per hour. The roller shall not be permitted to 5 km/h ‫رولر باید با سرعت بیشتر از‬
stand on pavement which has not been fully ‫ به رولر اجازه توقف باالی‬.‫حرکت نکند‬
compacted, and necessary precautions shall be ،‫فرش که کامال تپک نشده باشد داده نشود‬
taken to prevent dropping of oil, grease, petrol or ‫و تدابیر الزم جهت جلوگیری از ریزیش‬
other foreign matter on the pavement either when ‫ پترول یا مواد بیرونی‬،‫ گریس‬،‫روغن‬
the rollers are operating or standing. The wheels of ‫دیگر به روی فرش چه در هنگامیکه رولر‬
rollers shall be kept moist with water, and spray .‫در گردش است و یا ایستاده گرفته شود‬
‫چرخ های رولرها باید با آب مرطوب‬
system provided with the machine shall be in good
‫ و سیستم سپری که با‬،‫نگهداشته شود‬
working order, to prevent the mixture from
‫ماشین تهیه شده در وضعیت خوب کار باشد‬
adhering to the wheels. Only sufficient moisture to
‫تا از چسپش مخلوط با چرخ های رولر‬
prevent adhesion between the wheels rollers and ‫ فقط رطوبت کافی که از‬.‫جلوگیری نماید‬
the mixture should be used. Surplus water shall ‫چسپش مخلوط با چرخ جلوگیری کند‬
not be allowed to stand on the partially compacted ‫ آبهای اضافی که باالی فرش‬.‫استفاده شود‬
pavement. ‫قسما تپک شده ایستاده شود اجازه داده‬
.‫نشود‬

306.5 Opening to Traffic ‫ بازگشایی به روی ترافیک‬306.5

The newly laid surface shall not be open to traffic ‫سطح جدید ریخت شده نباید حداقل برای‬
for at least 24 hours after laying and the ،‫ ساعت بعد از ریخت و اتمام تپک‬24
completion of compaction, without the express ‫ به روی‬،‫بدون بیان تصدیق کتبی انجنیر‬
approval of the Engineer in writing. .‫ترافیک باز شود‬

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306.6 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬306.6

Asphalt concrete shall be measured as finished ‫اسفالت باید مطابق به کار انجام شده‬
work either in cubic meters, tons or by the square ‫ یا مترمربع‬،‫ یا وزن به تن‬،‫به مترمعکب‬
meter at a specified thickness as detailed on the ‫به یک ضخامت مشخص قسمیکه در بل احجام‬
Contract drawings, or documents, or as directed by ‫ یا طوری‬،‫قرارداد و نقشه ها ذکر گریده‬
the Engineer. ‫دیگری که توسط انجنیر هدایت داده شده‬
.‫ اندازه گردد‬،‫باشد‬
‫ طبقه بایندر‬،‫) اسفالت‬1( 306
306 (1) Asphalt Concrete, base course
‫ یا مترمربع‬،‫ یا تن‬،‫مترمکعب‬
cum or ton or sqm ‫ طبقه سطح‬،‫) اسفالت‬2( 306
306 (2) Asphalt Concrete, surface course ‫ یا مترمربع‬،‫ یا تن‬،‫مترمکعب‬
cum or ton or sqm

306.7 Rates ‫ نرخ‬306.7

The contract unit rate for asphalt concrete shall be ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای اسفالت باید‬
payment in full for carrying out the all required ‫تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
operations as specified including full ،‫اقدامات مقتضی و مشخص شامل مزد کامل‬
compensation for, but not necessarily limited to; :‫ باشد‬،‫که محدود به موارد ذیل نباشد‬
‫) تنظیم ترافیک؛‬i(
(i) Making arrangements for traffic;
‫دریافت‬ ‫برای‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫) آماده‬ii(
‫مواد؛‬
(ii) Preparation of the surface to receive the
material; ‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬iii(
‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
(iii) Providing all materials to be incorporated ‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت؛‬
in the work including arrangement for ،‫ ریخت و تپک مخلوط‬،‫ انتقال‬،‫) خلط‬iv(
stock yards, all royalties, fees, rents where ‫طوریکه مشخص شده؛‬
necessary and all leads and lifts;
،‫وسایل‬ ،‫اسباب‬ ،‫کارگران‬ ‫) تمام‬v(
(iv) Mixing, transporting, laying and ،‫دستگاه شامل نصب دستگاه مخلوط داغ‬
compacting the mix, as specified; ،‫واحد تهیه برق و تمام ماشین ها‬
‫موارد ضمنی برای تکمیل کار؛‬
(v) All labors, tools, equipment, plant
‫سرک‬ ‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض‬vi(
including installation of hot mix plant,
‫جاییکه هدایت داده شده باشد؛‬
power supply units and all machinery,
incidental to complete the work; ‫) انجام تمام تست ها برا کنترول‬vii(
‫کیفیت؛‬
(vi) Carrying out the work in part widths of the
road where directed; ‫) نرخ باید تهیه قیر به نرخ که در‬viii(
،‫قرارداد ذکر گردیده را شامل شود‬
(vii) Carrying out all tests for control of quality; ‫با تهیه اینکه تغیرات در فیصدی‬
and ‫حقیقی قیر استفاده شده ارزیابی‬
‫خواهد شد و تادیه مطابق به آن عیار‬
(viii) The rate shall cover the provision of ‫گردد؛‬

153 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

bitumen at the rate specified in the

contract, width the provision that the ‫) نرخ مواد پیش مخلوط شامل تمام‬ix(
variation in actual percentage of bitumen ،‫ و دیگر موارد‬،‫زباله قطع جاینت ها‬
used will be assessed and the payment ‫شود؛‬
adjusted accordingly;
‫) نرخ شامل تمام تست های ضروری‬x(
‫ انتقال و تست نمونه‬،‫دیزاین مکس‬
(ix) The rates for premixed material are to
‫ هرگاه یک‬.‫ و هسته ها شود‬،‫ها‬
include for all wastage in cutting of joints, ،‫البراتوار مشخص برای پروژه نباشد‬
etc. ‫قراردادی باید انجام تمام تست های‬
‫مورد ضرورت را در یک البراتوار‬
(x) The rates are to include for all necessary ‫ که توسط انجنیر تصدیق شده‬،‫بیرونی‬
testing mix design, transporting and ‫ و تمام هزینه‬،‫ تنظیم نماید‬،‫باشد‬
testing of samples, and cores. If there is ‫های وارده شامل نرخ نقل قول شده‬
not a project specific laboratory, the ‫برای مواد گردد؛‬
Contractor must arrange to carry out all
necessary testing at an outside laboratory, ‫) هزینه تمام دستگاه و ریخت امتحانی‬xi(
approved by the Engineer, and all costs ‫طوریکه برای اثبات مخلوط و روش‬
incurred are deemed to be included in the ‫ریخت مشخص شده شامل نرخ قراردادی‬
rate quoted for the material; .‫برای مواد گردد‬

(xi) The cost of all plant and laying trials as

specified to prove the mixing and laying
methods is deemed to be included in the
Contractor’s rate for the material.

307 Bituminous Work in Connection with ‫ امور اسفالت ریزی در ارتباط‬307

Maintenance and Repairs ‫به حفظ و مراقبت و ترمیمات‬
307.1 Scope of Work ‫ عمومیات‬307.1
The scope and type of maintenance work to be ‫حوزه و نوع کار حفظ و مراقبت که قرار‬
carried out shall be in accordance with the ‫است انجام شود باید در مطابقت به مواد‬
provisions of the Contract or as instructed by the ‫قرارداد یا آنچه که توسط انجنیر هدایت‬
Engineer. .‫داده شده است باشد‬
In all instances, it will have been necessary to ‫ ضرورت خواهد بود تا‬،‫در تمام موارد‬
‫علت نواقص دریافت گردد تا برای ترمیم‬
identify the causes of defects in order to permit
‫ هرگاه کار‬.‫موثر اجازه داده شود‬
effective repair. Where investigation work into the
‫تحقیقی برای دریافت علل نواقص شامل‬
causes of defects is included in the Contract, its
‫به‬ ‫مطابق‬ ‫باید‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫قرارداد‬
shall be carried out in accordance with the .‫مواد این سند انجام یابد‬/‫شرایط‬
appropriate provision of this Specification, ‫تدابیر الزم حفظ و مراقبت تحت قرارداد‬
Maintenance treatments required under the ‫یا طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت داده شده‬
Contract or instructed by the Engineer may include ‫ پینه‬،‫باشد ممکن شامل ترمیم حفره‬
pothole and patch repair, crack sealing, fog spray, ،‫ سپری غبار‬،‫ پرکاری درزها‬،‫کاری‬
dusting, slurry sealing, surface dressing, overlays ‫ پوشش‬،‫ پرکاری توسط دوغاب‬،‫گردگیری‬
and specialist repairs. .‫ و ترمیمات خاص شود‬،‫ رویه کشی‬،‫سطح‬
The materials (particularly patching and overlay ‫موادیکه (بخصوص مواد پینه کاری و رویه‬

154 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

materials) used in maintenance operations shall be ‫کشی) برای امورات حفظ و مراقبت‬
of a standard not less than those specified for the ‫استفاده میشود باید معیاری بوده و‬
original construction. ‫کمتر از ستندردهای که برای کار اساسی‬
Traffic control during maintenance operations shall .‫ساختمانی در نظر گرفته شده است نباشد‬
conform to the requirements of the Contract ‫کنترول ترافیک در هنگام عمل حفظ و‬
‫مراقبت (ترمیمات) باید با ضروریات‬
Documents.
.‫قرارداد مطابقت نماید‬

307.2 Filling Potholes and Patch Repairs ‫ پرکاری حفره ها و پینه کاری‬307.2
307.2.1 Scope of Work
The work shall include repair of potholes and
patching of all types of bituminous pavement.
The work shall include the removal of all failed
material, in the pavement courses and, if
necessary, below the pavement, until the root
cause of the failure is removed, the trimming of
the completes excavation to provide firm vertical
faces; the replacement of material of at least as
high a standard as that which was originally
specified for the pavement layer; the painting of
tack coat on to the sides and bases of excavations
prior to placing of any bituminous materials and
the compaction, trimming and finishing of the
surfaces of all patches to form a smooth
continuous surface, level with the surrounding
road.

307.2.2 Materials
All materials used for the pothole and patch repair
of bituminous surface and underlying layers shall
be in accordance with this Specification and shall
be of the same type as specified for the original
construction. A mix superior to the one on the
existing surface may also be used for repair work.
An emulsified bitumen/modified bitumen mix
compatible with the existing layer shall also be
considered appropriate.
The bituminous mixture used for such patch
repairs shall be in accordance with the appropriate
Clause of these Specifications, Materials to be
used for patching shall always be the same type
and standard of construction as, or better than the
material being patched at the same level of
construction. Non-bituminous material must not
be used for patching bituminous materials.

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307.2.3 Preparation of the area for potholes and

patch repair
Each pothole and patch repair area shall be
inspected and all loose material shall be removed.
The area shall be cut/trimmed either with jack
hammers or with hand tools suitable for the
purpose, such that the defective material
responsible for the failure is all removed and such
that the excavation is of regular shape.
The edges of the excavation shall be cut vertically.
The area shall be thoroughly cleaned with
compressed air or any appropriate method
approved by the Engineer to remove all dust and
loose particles. Layers below the level of the
bituminous construction shall be replaced using
material of the equivalent specification to the
original construction, which shall particularly
include the specified standards of compaction. The
area for bituminous construction shall be tacked or
primed with cutback or emulsion depending upon
whether the lower area is bituminous or granular
in nature. The sides, however, are to be painted
with hot tack coat material. The prime coat and
tack coat shall conform to Clauses 303 and 304 of
these Specifications, respectively.

307.2.4 Backfilling operation

The mixture to be used in bituminous patching
shall be either a hot mix or a cold mix in
accordance with the appropriate Clauses of these
Specifications. Mixing shall be done in a plant of
suitable capacity. The bituminous mixture shall be
placed in layers of thickness not more than 100
mm (loose) and shall be compacted in layers with
roller/plate compactor/hand roller/rammer to the
compaction standards defined in the appropriate
Clauses of these Specifications. While placing the
final layer, the mix shall be spread slightly proud of
the surface so that after rolling, the surface shall
be flush with the adjoining surface. If the area is
large, the spreading and leveling shall be done
using hand shovels and wooden straight edges.
During the process of compaction, the surface

156 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

levels shall be checked using a 3 m straight edge.

307.2.5 Measurement for payment

Filling of potholes and patch repair shall be
measured in square meters.

307.2 (1) Filling of potholes and patch repair

cum

307.2.6 Rate
The Contract unit rate for filling of potholes and
patch repair shall be the payment for;
(i) furnishing all materials required;

(ii) all works involved including excavation,

trimming, backfilling with any non-
bituminous layers required, tacking,
priming with cutback or emulsion, and
backfilling with bituminous materials;

(iii) all labor, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work in
accordance with the Specifications.

307.3 Crack Sealing ‫ پرکاری درزها‬307.3

307.3.1 Scope of Work
Crack sealing shall consist of one or more of the
following operations as instructed under the
Contract;

(i) fog seal

(ii) filling cracks with a binder, or a

combination of crusher dust and a binder

(iii) by treating the crack sealing as a patch

repair

307.3.2 Fog seal ‫ گردگیری‬307.3.2

307.3.2.1 Scope of Work
Fog seal for use in maintenance work shall consist
of an application of emulsified bitumen, without
any aggregate cover for sealing fine hair-cracks or
for rejuvenating oxidized bituminous surfaces.
Areas having cracks with less than 3mm width shall

157 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

be considered for this treatment, unless otherwise

instructed by the Engineer.

307.3.2.2 Material
Bituminous emulsion for fog seal shall be of slow
setting type complying with ASTM D977.

307.3.2.3 Application
The area to be treated with fog seal shall be
thoroughly cleaned using compressed air,
scrubbers, etc. The cracks shall be cleaned using
with a compressed air jet to remove all dirt, dust,
etc. The fog seal shall be applied at the rate of 0.5
to 1.0 liter per square meter of emulsion or as
otherwise instructed by the Engineer, using
equipment such as a pressure tank, flexible hose
and spraying bar or lance. Traffic shall be allowed
on the surface only after seal has set to a non-tacky
and firm condition so that it is not picked up by
traffic.

307.3.2.4 Method of Measurement

The fog seal work shall be measured is square
meters calculated from the dimensions of work
instructed in the Contract or by the Engineer.

307.3.2 (1) Fog seal sqm

307.3.2.5 Rate
The Contract unit rate for application of fog seal
shall be payment in full for;

(i) supplying of fog seal material and all the

operations for applying it; and

(ii) all the labors, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work in
accordance with the Specification.

307.3.3 Crack filling

307.3.3.1 Scope of Work
Crack filling shall be carried out using a binder of a
suitable viscosity, normally a slow curing bitumen
emulsion, as approved by the Engineer. For wider
cracks, in excess of an average of 3mm in width the

158 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

application of emulsion may be preceded by an

application of crusher dust or other fine material
acceptable to the Engineer.

307.3.3.2 Materials
Bitumen for use in crack sealing shall be of a slow
curing type as instructed by the Engineer. Dust for
crack sealing, when used, shall be crusher dust or
some other suitable fine material approved by the
Engineer, passing the 4.75 mm sieve but with a
maximum 10 percent passing the 0.075 mm sieve.

307.3.3.3 Construction
If dust is to be used, it shall be placed in the cracks
before the application of binder and the cracks
filled to a level approximately 5 mm below road
surface level. The surface of the road shall be
swept clear of dust prior to the application of
binder. Binder shall be poured into the cracks,
taking care to minimize the spillage. If spillage onto
the road surfaces does occur, dust shall be applied
to the excess bitumen until it is blotted up.

307.3.3.4 Method of Measurement

Crack sealing shall be paid by the linear meter of
crack as instructed by the Engineer.

307.3.3 (1) Crack filling lin.m

307.3.3.5 Rate
The Contract unit rate for crack sealing shall be
payment in full for;

(i) supplying all necessary materials and for

the work of applying them;

(ii) all labors, tools, equipment and all

incidentals necessary to complete the
work according to the Specification.

307.4 Dusting
307.4.1 Scope of Work
Dusting shall consist of the application of crusher
dust or other fine graded material approved by the
Engineer to areas of road where bleeding of excess

159 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

bitumen is occurring.

307.4.2 Material
Dust shall consist of crusher dust or other graded
fine material acceptable to the Engineer, and shall
generally be finer than 3.0mm with not more than
10 percent passing the 0.075mm sieve.

307.4.3 Application
Dust shall be spread by manual application to the
areas of road defined by the Engineer. Dust shall
generally be applied during the hottest part of the
day and, when so instructed by the Engineer,
surplus dust displaced by passing traffic shall be
manually swept back onto the area where further
bleeding of excess bitumen is apparent. Dust shall
be applied at a nominal rate of 2.5 kg per square
meter.

307.4.4 Method of Measurement

Dusting shall be considered to be included in the
payment for relevant works and shall not be
measured separately.

308 Control of Alignment, Level and Surface ‫ لیول (تراز) و‬،‫ کنترول مسیر‬308
Regularity ‫نارمل بودن سطح‬
308.1 Scope of Work ‫ عمومیات‬308.1
All works performed shall conform to the lines, ‫تمام امورات (کارها) انجام شده باید‬
grades, cross-sections, and dimensions shown on ‫ و ابعاد‬،‫ مقاطع عرضی‬،‫ میالن‬،‫با خط‬
the drawings or as directed by the Engineer, ‫نشان داده شده در نقشه ها یا طوریکه‬
subject to the permitted tolerances described ‫ در‬،‫توسط انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد‬
herein-after. ‫حوزه تفاوت مجاز که بعد ازین ذکر‬
.‫ مطابقت نماید‬،‫گردیده است‬

308.2 Horizontal Alignment ‫ مسیر افقی‬308.2

Horizontal alignments shall be reckoned with ‫مسیر افقی باید مطابق به خط مرکزی خط‬
respect to the center line of the carriageway as ‫عبوری سرک قسمیکه در نقشه ها نشان‬
shown on the drawings. The edges of the ‫ کناره های خط‬.‫داده شده است باشد‬
carriageway as constructed shall be correct within ‫عبوری ساخته شده باید در محدوده تفاوت‬
a tolerance of ± 10 mm there from. The ‫ تفاوت مجاز‬.‫ درست باشد‬± 10 mm ‫مجاز‬
corresponding tolerance for edges of the roadway ‫مشابه برای کناره های سرک و طبقات‬
and lower layers of pavement shall be ± 25 mm. .‫ باشد‬± 25 mm ‫پایین فرش باید‬

308.3 Surface Levels ‫ لیول سطح‬308.3

The levels of the subgrade and different pavement ‫لیول بدنه و طبقات مختلف فرش قسمیکه‬

160 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

courses as constructed, shall not vary from those ‫ نباید از چیزیکه در‬،‫ساخته شده‬
calculated with reference to the longitudinal and ‫همخوانی با پروفیل طولی و عرضی که در‬
cross-profile of the road shown on the drawings or ‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده و یا توسط‬
as directed by the Engineer beyond the tolerances ‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده محاسبه شده در‬
mentioned below. ‫محدوده تفاوت مجاز ذیال ذکر شده تغیر‬
.‫نماید‬
Table 308-1: Tolerances in Surface Levels
1. Subgrade + 20mm, -25 mm
2. Sub-base + 10mm
(a) Flexible pavement - 20mm
(b) Concrete pavement + 6 mm
[Dry lean concrete or - 10mm
Rolled concrete]
3. Base-course for flexible
pavement
(a) Bituminous course
(b) Other than + 6 mm, - 6mm
bituminous
i) Machine laid + 10 mm, - 10mm
ii) Manually laid +15mm, -15mm
4. Wearing course for
flexible pavement
(a) Machine laid + 6 mm, - 6 mm
(b) Manually laid + 10mm, - 10mm
5. Cement concrete ＋5mm, -6mm*
pavement
* This may not exceed - 8 mm at 0 - 30 cm from the
edges.

Provided, however, that the negative tolerance for ‫ تفاوت مجاز منفی برای طبقه سطح‬،‫گرچه‬
wearing course shall not be permitted in ‫در پیوست به تفاوت مجاز مثبت برای‬
conjunction with the positive tolerance for base ‫ هرگاه‬،‫طبقه بیس نباید اجازه داده شود‬
course, if the thickness of the former is thereby ‫ برای اسفالت و‬6 mm ‫ضخامت طبقه سطح‬
reduced by more than 6 mm for flexible ‫ برای‬.‫ برای کانکریت کاهش یابد‬5 mm
،‫چک مطابقت با ضروریات فوق برای بدنه‬
pavements and 5 mm for concrete pavements. For
‫ باید اندازه گیری لیول‬،‫سبیس و بیس‬
checking compliance with the above requirement
‫ طولی و‬6.25 m ‫سطح در یک جال نقاط که‬
for subgrade, sub-base and base courses,
‫ عرضی فاصله داشته باشد انجام‬3.5 m
measurements of the surface levels shall be taken ‫ اندازه گیری‬10 ‫ برای هر‬.‫یابد‬
on a grid of points placed at 6.25m longitudinally ‫ نباید‬،‫متواتر طولی یا عرضی‬/‫پیهم‬
and 3.5 m transversely. For any 10 consecutive ‫بیشتر از یک اندازه گیری از تفاوت‬
measurements taken longitudinally or ‫ این یک‬،‫مجاز فوق الذکر عدول نماید‬
transversely, not more than one measurement 5 mm ‫اندازه گیری هم نباید بیشتر از‬
shall be permitted to exceed the tolerance as ‫ برای چک‬.‫زیادتر از تفاوت مجاز باشد‬
above, this one measurement being not in excess ‫مطابقت با ضروریات فوق برای طبقه سطحی‬
of 5 mm above the permitted tolerance. For ‫ باید اندازه گیری‬،‫اسفالت و کانکریت‬
6.25 m ‫لیول سطح در یک جال نقاط که‬

161 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

checking the compliance with the above ‫ از کناره ها و‬0.5 m ‫به امتداد طول و‬
requirement for bituminous wearing courses and ‫ در هر طول‬.‫در مرکز فرش انجام یابد‬
concrete pavements, measurements of the surface ‫ تطابق با سطح نهایی سرک باید‬،‫فرش‬
levels shall be taken on a grid of points spaced at ‫زمانی درست پنداشته شود که تفاوت مجاز‬
6.25 m along the length and at 0.5 m from the ‫فوق الذکر در هر نقطه سطح رضایتبخش‬
.‫باشد‬
edges and at the center of the pavement. In any
length of pavement, compliance shall be deemed
to be met for the final road surface, only if the
tolerance given above is satisfied for any point on
the surface.

308.4 Surface Regularity of Pavement Courses ‫ نارمل بودن سطح طبقات فرش‬308.4
The longitudinal profile shall be checked with a 3 3 ‫پروفیل طولی باید با یک چوب شمشه‬
meter long straight edge/moving straight-edge as ‫متره طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت داده‬
desired by the Engineer at the middle of each ‫شده باشد در وسط لین موازی به امتداد‬
traffic lane along a line parallel to the centre line of ‫ حد اکثر تعداد‬.‫خط و وسطی سرک چک گردد‬
the road. The maximum permitted number of ‫ناهنجاری های سطح باید از آنچه که در‬
‫جدول ذیل نشان داده شده است تجاوز‬
surface irregularities shall be as per Table below.
.‫ننماید‬

Table 308-2: Maximum Permitted Number of

Surface Irregularities
Surfaces of Surfaces of laybys,
carriageways service areas and
and paved all bituminous base
shoulders courses
Irregularity

4mm

7mm

4mm

7mm
Length(m)

300

300

300

300
75

75

75
75
Expressways*
category* Highways/

20

40

18
Roads of lower National

2
1
40

18

60

27
4

3
2

* Category of each lection of road as described in

162 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

the Contract.

The maximum allowable difference between the ‫حد اکثر مجاز تفاوت بین سطح سرک و تحت‬
road surface and underside of a 3 m straight-edge ‫ زمانیکه موازی یا عمود‬،‫ متره‬3 ‫شمشه‬
when placed parallel with, or at right angles to the ‫به خط وسطی سرک در نقاط که توسط‬
center line of the road at points decided by the ‫انجنیر تصمیم گرفته شده باشد گذاشته‬
Engineer shall be: :‫ باید طوری ذیل باشد‬،‫شود‬
3 )‫برای سطح پخته (اسفالت و کانکریت‬
 for pavement surface (asphalt and cement
mm
concrete) 3 mm
6 mm ‫برای بیس اسفالتی‬
 for bituminous base courses 8 ‫برای سبیس و بیس دانه دار‬
6 mm mm
 for granular sub-base/ base courses 10 mm ‫برای سبیس زیر فرش کانکریتی‬
8 mm
 for sub-bases under concrete pavements
10 mm

308.5 Rectification ‫ تصحیح‬308.5

Where the surface regularity of subgrade and the ‫زمانیکه نارمل بودن سطح بدنه و طبقه‬
various pavement courses fall outside the specified ‫های مختلف فرش بیرون از تفاوت مجاز‬
tolerances, the Contractor shall be liable to rectify ‫ قراردادی مکلف است تا‬،‫تعین شده باشد‬
these in the manner described below and to the ‫آنها را مطابق به روش که ذیال تشریح‬
satisfaction of the Engineer. .‫شده است تصحیح نماید‬
(i) Subgrade: Where the surface is high, it
shall be trimmed and suitably
compacted. Where the same is low, the
deficiency shall he corrected by
scarifying the lower layer and adding
fresh material and recompacting to the
required density. The degree of
compaction and the type of material to
be used shall conform to the
requirements of Clause 205 of these
Specifications.

(ii) Granular Sub-base: Same as at (i) above,

except that the degree of compaction
and the type of material to be used shall
conform to the requirements of Clause
301 of these Specifications.

(iii) Lime/Cement Stabilized Soil Sub-base:

For lime/cement treated materials where
the surface is high, the same shall be
suitably trimmed while taking care (hat

163 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

the material below is not disturbed due

to this operation. However, where the
surface is low, the same shall be
corrected as described herein below.
For cement treated material, when the
time elapsed between detection of
irregularity and the lime of mixing of the
material is less than 2 hours, the surface
shall be scarified to a depth of 50 mm
supplemented with freshly mixed
materials as necessary and recompacted
to the relevant specification. When this
time is more than 2 hours, the full depth
of the layer shall be removed from the
pavement and replaced with fresh
material to Specification. This shall also
apply to lime treated material except
that the time criterion shall be 3 hours
instead of 2 hours.

(iv) Water Bound Macadam/Wet Mix

Macadam Sub-base/Base: Where the
surface is high or low, the lop 75 mm shall
be scarified, reshaped with added
material as necessary and recompacted
to the relevant specification.

(v) Bituminous Constructions: For

bituminous construction other than
wearing course, where the surface is low,
the deficiency shall be corrected by
adding fresh material over a suitable tack
coat if needed and recompacting to
specifications. Where the surface is high,
the full depth of the layer shall be
removed and replaced with fresh
material and compacted to
specifications.
For wearing course, where the surface is
high or low, the full depth of the layer
shall be removed and replaced with fresh
material and compacted to
specifications, in all cases where the
removal and replacement of a
bituminous layer is involved, the area

164 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

treated shall not be less than 5 m in

length and not less than 3.5 m in width.

(vi) Cement concrete pavement: The

defective areas having surface irregularly
exceeding 3 mm but not greater than 6
mm may be rectified by bump cutting or
scrabbling or grinding using approved
equipment. When required by the
Engineer, areas which have been reduced
in level by the above operation(s) shall be
retextured in an approved manner either
by cutting grooves (5 mm deep) or
roughening the surface by hacking the
surface. IS high areas in excess 6 mm or
low areas in excess of 3 mm occur,
exceeding the permitted numbers and if
the Contractor cannot rectify, the slab
shall be demolished and reconstructed at
the Contractor's expense and in no case
the area removed shall be less than the
full width of the lane in which the
irregularity occurs and full length of the
slab.
If deemed necessary by the Engineer, any
section of the slab which deviates from
the specified levels and tolerances shall
be demolished and reconstructed at the
Contractor's expense.

309 Footpaths, Medians, Separators and ‫ جدول ها (گلدان‬،‫ پیاده روها‬309

Islands ‫ جداکننده ها و جزایر‬،)‫ها‬
309.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬309.1
The work shall consist of constructing the ‫این کار باید شامل اعمار فرش پیاده‬
pavement on footpaths, medians, separators and ‫ جداکننده ها‬،‫جدول ها‬/‫ گلدان ها‬،‫روها‬
islands at locations by cast-in-situ cement ‫و جزایر ترافیکی در موقعیت های که‬
concrete, pre-cast concrete blocks/tiles and stone ،‫توسط کانکریت که در ساحه ریخت میشود‬
tiles as specified in the drawings or as directed by ‫کانکریت از قبل ریخت شده خشت و کاشی‬
‫طوریکه در نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
the Engineer. The lines, levels and dimensions shall
‫یا طوریکه توسط انجنیر هدایت داده شده‬
be as per the drawings.
‫ لیول و ابعاد باید‬،‫ تراز‬.‫ شود‬،‫باشد‬
.‫مطابق به نقشه ها باشد‬
309.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬309.2
The pavement on footpaths, medians, separators
and islands shall be constructed with any of the

165 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

following types indicated in the Drawings or

otherwise instructed by the Engineer:
- Cast-in-situ cement concrete
- Precast cement concrete blocks
(interlocking blocks)
- Precast cement concrete tiles
- Natural stone tiles
- Others

(1) Cast-in-situ cement concrete

Cast-in-situ cement concrete paving shall be of
the concrete compressible strength indicated
in the Drawings and shall not be less than 24
N/mm2.

(2) Precast cement concrete blocks (interlocking

blocks)
(a) Minimum thickness of interlocking blocks
shall be 50 mm where only pedestrian
loads are to be applied and 80 mm where
vehicle loads are to be applied.

(b) Interlocking blocks shall have flexural

strength of not less than 7.0 MPa. In case
flexural strength is not applicable, it shall
have compressive strength of not less than
32 MPa.

(c) Dimensional tolerance of interlocking

blocks shall be within ±3mm (length, width
and thickness).

(d) Interlocking blocks shall be free from

scratch, crack, deformation, and other
defects.

(e) Interlocking blocks shall be produced in a

workshop equipped with a batching plant
where raw materials can be batched by
weight and the moisture content of the
mix can be controlled automatically. The
plant shall have its own laboratory to
control the quality of the products of each
shift.

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

(f) The technical properties, brochures, etc. of

materials shall be submitted for approval
before orders are given to the suppliers or
manufacturers.

(3) Precast cement concrete tiles

Precast cement concrete tiles shall be of concrete
compressible strength indicated in the Drawings
and shall not be less than 21 N/mm2. The
thickness of the cement concrete tile shall not be
less than 30 mm and the size shall not be less than
300 mm x 300 mm unless otherwise indicated in
the drawings or approved by the Engineer.

(4) Natural stone tiles

Natural stone tiles shall be cut and dressed form
stone of good quality, uniform in texture, free from
defects and at least equal to a sample submitted
by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer.
The thickness of the natural stone tile shall not be
less than 25 mm and the size shall not be less than
300 mm x 300 mm unless otherwise indicated in
the drawings or approved by the Engineer.

309.2.1 Bedding Sand ‫ ریگ بدنه‬309.2.1

The sand for bedding shall be concrete sand, which
shall be clean, dry and of moisture content
approximately 4 - 8%.

309.2.2 Filler Sand ‫ ریگ فیلر‬309.2.2

Filler sand shall be finer than 1.18 mm and shall
contain approximately 10% silt material.

309.3 Construction Requirements ‫اعمار‬/‫ ضروریات ساختمان‬309.3

309.3.1 Drainage pipes below the footpath ‫آبرو و دیگر شبکات‬/‫پایپ های دریناژ‬
originating from the curbs shall be first ‫زیر پیاده رو باید قبال مطابق به نقشه‬
laid in the required slope and ‫ها و مشخصات یا طوریکه توسط انجنیر‬
connected to the drains/sumps/storm ‫هدایت داده شده باشد انداخته شود‬
water drain/drainage chutes as per .)‫(اعمار گردد‬
‫قسمت عقب پیلرها باید با مواد سبیس‬
provisions of the drawings, or as
‫ مشخصات تخنیکی (همین‬301 ‫مطابق به بند‬
specified.
‫سند) به ضخامت تعین شده پرکاری و تپک‬
.‫گردد‬
309.3.2 Portion on back side of curbs shall be
filled and compacted with granular
sub-base material as per Clause 301 of

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

the Specifications in specified

thickness.

309.3.3 The base shall be prepared and

finished to the required lines, levels
and dimensions considering the cross
fall for surface drainage as indicated in
the drawings.

Over the prepared base, pre-cast

concrete blocks/tiles/natural stone slabs
and/or cast-in-situ slab shall be set/laid
as described below.

(1) Cast-in-situ cement concrete

The thickness of cement concrete
pavement for footpaths, medians,
separators and islands shall be as
indicated in the Drawings or as
directed by the Engineer and shall
not be less than 70 mm. Concrete
shall be cast on the prepared base in
panels of specified size in a staggered
manner. Construction joints shall be
provided as per Section 4 “Concrete
Works” of the Specifications.
Contraction joints shall be provided
to form a groove in the top of slab by
sawing or placing a form at spacing
not greater than 3m. The depth of
the groove for contraction joints
shall be approximately one-fourth of
the slab thickness.
Expansion joints shall be provided at
spacing of not greater than 30mm.

(2) Precast cement concrete blocks

(interlocking blocks)
The Interlocking blocks shall be set
on a bedding layer of cement-sand
mortar (1:3) or sand with average
thickness specified in the Drawings
on prepared base in such a way that
there is no rocking. The gaps
between the blocks shall be normally

168 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

2 mm to 4 mm to accommodate
insertion of filler sand. Damaged
blocks shall be rejected and removed
from the site.
For several weeks or as directed by
the Engineer after the interlocking
blocks road is opened to traffic,
maintenance is required by refilling
the spaces between interlocking
blocks with filler sand. Ideally,
refilling sand shall be continued
before interlocking of interlocking
blocks takes place.

(3) Precast cement concrete tiles and

natural stone tiles
The tiles shall be set on a layer of
cement-sand mortar (1:3), with a
thickness indicated in the Drawings
and not less than 30mm, laid on
prepared base in such way that there
is no rocking. The gaps between the
tiles shall not be normally 2 mm to 4
mm and shall be filled with cement-
sand mortar (1:3).

309.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬309.4

Pavement on footpaths, medians, separators and ‫جدول‬/‫ گلدان ها‬،‫فرش روی پیاده روها‬
islands shall be measured in square meters ‫ جداکننده ها و جزایر ترافیکی باید‬،‫ها‬
between inside of curbs. ‫به مترمربع مابین پیلرها (از یک پیلر‬
.‫تا دیگری) اندازه گیری شود‬
309 (1) Cast-in-situ cement concrete pavement
sqm
309 (2)a Interlocking pavement(t=60mm)footpath
sqm
309 (2)b Interlocking pavement(t=80mm)footpath
sqm
309 (3) Precast cement concrete tile pavement
sqm
309 (4) Natural stone tile pavement
sqm
309 (5) Bedding Sand for footpath
cum

309.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬309.5

169 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Contract unit rates shall be inclusive of full ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد باید شامل مزد‬
compensation of all labors, materials, tools, ‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫مکمل کارگر‬
equipment and incidentals to construction of ،‫ملحقات اعمار پیاده رو بشمول سبیس‬
footpaths including sub-base course, base course .‫ باشد‬،‫ و مصالحه یا ریگ بستر‬،‫بیس‬
and cement-sand mortar or sand bed. Cost of
providing pipes and arrangements for their
discharge into appropriate drainage channels shall
be incidental to the construction of footpaths.

310 Concrete Curbs and Surface Gutters ‫ پیلرهای کانکریتی و ناوه های‬310
)‫سطحی (روی سطح‬
310.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬310.1
This work shall consist of constructing cement ‫این کار باید شامل اعمار پیلرهای‬
concrete curbs and surface gutters in the central ‫کانکریتی و ناوه های سطحی در وسط‬
median and/or along the footpaths or separators ‫گلدان و یا به امتداد پیاده رو یا‬
in conformity with the lines, levels and dimensions ‫ لیول‬،‫جداکننده در مطابقت به خط تراز‬
as specified in the drawings. ‫و ابعاد طوریکه در نقشه ها مشخص شده‬
.‫است باشد‬

310.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬310.2

Curbs and surface gutters shall be provided in ‫پیلر و ناوه سطحی باید از کانکریت با‬
cement concrete of compressive strength ‫مقاومت فشاری مشخص شده در نقشه ها‬
specified in the Drawings but shall not be less than ‫ مطابق به‬،18 N/mm2 ‫ساخته شود اما از‬
24 N/mm2 in accordance with Section 4 of these .‫ کمتر نباشد‬،‫ این سند‬4 ‫بخش‬
Specifications.

310.3 Type of Construction ‫ نوع ساختمان‬310.3

Curbs and/ surface gutters can be of either cast-in- ‫پیلرها و ناوه های سطحی میتواند هم‬
situ construction or pre-cast concrete blocks when ‫در ساحه ریخت شود و یا قبال به شکل بالک‬
accepted by the Engineer. ‫مطابق به نقشه ها و مشروط به تصدیق‬
.‫انجنیر تهیه گردد‬

310.4 Construction Requirements ‫ ضروریات ساختمان‬310.4

310.4.1 Foundation ‫ تهداب‬309.4.1
Excavation shall be made to the required depth ‫کندنکاری باید به عمق ضروری انجام‬
and the base upon which the curb and/or surface ‫قاعده جاییکه پیلر و یا‬/‫یابد و بیس‬
gutter is to be set shall be leveled and compacted ‫ناوه سطحی باالی آن نصب (اعمار) میگردد‬
to a firm and even surface and slightly watered to ‫باید به یک سطح سخت و یکنواخت لیول و‬
make it damp. All soft and unsuitable material shall ‫تپک گردد و کمی آبپاشی شده تا کمی‬
‫ تمام مواد نرم و نامناسب‬.‫مرطوب گردد‬
be removed and replaced with suitable material.
‫باید دور و توسط مواد مناسب جایگزین‬
Curbs shall be laid on firm cast-in-situ cement
‫ پیلرها باید باالی سطح سخت تهداب‬.‫گردد‬
concrete foundation of C20 grade or on extended
‫کانکریتی ریخت شده در ساحه با گرید‬
width of pavement as shown on the Drawings. The ‫ یا باالی امتداد فرش طوریکه در‬C15
foundation shall have at least a projection of 50 .‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده باشد نصب گردد‬

170 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

mm beyond the curb stone. Bed course material ‫ عقب‬50 mm ‫تهداب باید حداقل به اندازه‬
shall be placed and compacted to form a bed of the ‫ مواد بستر باید‬.‫پیلر امتداد یابد‬
required thickness when shown in the Drawings. ‫هموار و تپک گردد تا یک بستر مطابق‬
Forms shall conform to the requirements set forth ‫به ضخامت خواسته شده طوریکه در نقشه‬
in Section 4 “Concrete Works”. .‫ها نشان داده شده است بسازد‬
‫قالب ها باید با نیازمندیهای که در‬
‫ "امور کانکریت ریزی" ذکر گردیده‬4 ‫بخش‬
‫ مگر اینکه ازین به‬،‫است مطابقت کند‬
.‫بعد چیزی دیگری مشخص شده باشد‬
310.4.2 In case of cast-in-situ concrete curves ‫ در صورتیکه پیلرهای کانکریتی‬310.4.2
‫در ساحه ریخت گردد‬
Forms to hold the concrete shall be built and set- ‫قالب های که کانکریت را نگهمیدارد‬
in-place as described in Section 4 “Concrete ‫ "امور‬4 ‫ طوریکه در بخش‬،‫باید در ساحه‬
Works”. Forms for at least 50 m of curb and/or ‫ ساخته‬،‫ ذکر گردیده‬،"‫کانکریت ریزی‬
gutter shall be in-place and checked for alignment ‫ پیلر یا ناوه‬50 m ‫ حداقل برای‬.‫شود‬
and grade before concrete is placed. Curbs and/or ‫سطحی قالب ها در ساحه جایبجای و برای‬
‫مسیر و میل قبل از کانکریت ریزی چک‬
gutters constructed on curves shall have forms of
‫ قالب های پیلر و یا ناوه سطحی‬.‫گردد‬
either wood or metal and they shall be accurately
‫که در قسمت منحنی ها نصب میگردد باید‬
shaped to the curvature shown in the Drawings.
‫چوبی یا فلزی بوده و شکل آن با انحنای‬
Mixing, placing, curing and finishing of concrete ‫که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
shall conform to the requirements in Section 4 .‫دقیقا مطابقت نماید‬
“Concrete Works” as modified by the ‫ مراقبت و پردازش کانکریت‬،‫ ریخت‬،‫خلط‬
requirements below. ‫ "امور کانکریت‬4 ‫باید با ضروریات بخش‬
The top of the concrete shall be finished to a ‫ریزی" طوریکه ذیال تعدیل گردیده است‬
smooth and even surface and the edges rounded .‫مطابقت نمایند‬
to the radii shown in the Drawings. Before the
concrete is given the final finishing, the surface of
the gutter shall be tested with a 3-m straight-edge
and any irregularity of more than 10mm in 3m
shall be rectified.
The curb and/or gutter shall be constructed in
uniform sections of not more than 50 m in length
except where shorter sections are required to
coincide with the location of weakened planes or
contraction joints of the concrete pavement, or for
closures, but no section shall be less than 2m long.
After laying the curbs and just prior to hardening
of the concrete, saw cut grooves shall be provided
at 5 m intervals or as specified by the Engineer.
Expansion joints shall be formed at intervals
shown in the Drawings or as approved by the
Engineer. Where a curb is placed next to a concrete
pavement, expansion joints in the curb shall be
located opposite expansion joints in the
pavement. Preformed sponge rubber and cork

171 | S e c t i o n 3
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expansion joint fillers conforming to the

requirements of AASHTO M 153 or other
equivalent international standard approved by the
Engineer may be used.
The form shall be removed within 24 hours after
the concrete has been placed. Minor defects shall
be repaired with mortar containing one part of
cement and two parts of fine aggregate. Plastering
shall not be permitted and all rejected portions
shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor’s
expense. The exposed surface shall be finished
while the concrete is still fresh by rubbing the
surfaces with wetted soft brick or wood until they
are smooth. The surfaces shall be wetted
thoroughly, either by dipping the brick or wood in
water, or by throwing water on the surfaces with a
brush. After the concrete has been rubbed smooth
using water, it shall then be rubbed with a thin
grout containing one part of cement and one part
of fine aggregate. Rubbing with grout shall
continue until uniform color is produced.

310.4.3 In case of pre-cast concrete curves ‫ در صورتیکه پیلرهای کانکریتی‬310.4.3

‫قبال ریخت شده باشد‬
Pre-cast concrete curbs shall be produced using ‫پیلرهای کانکریتی از قبل ریخت شده با‬
moulds assuring the dimensions shown in the ‫استفاده از قالب هایکه ابعاد که در‬
Drawings in a workshop having sufficient capacity ‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده است را تضمین‬
for production, curing, testing and storage and ،‫نماید در یک دستگاه که ظرفیت تولید‬
transported to site. Care shall be taken not to ‫ و ذخیره کافی را داشته‬،‫ تست‬،‫مراقبت‬
‫باشد تولید شده و به ساحه انتقال‬
damage the curbs during handling and
‫ در هنگام انتقال و تحویلی باید‬.‫یابند‬
transporting. Damaged curbs shall be rejected
‫تدابیر الزم گرفته شود تا به پیلرها‬
when found at site and shall be disposed by the
‫ پیلرهای آسیب دیده که در‬.‫آسیب نرسد‬
Contractor at his own cost. ‫ساحه یافت میشوند باید رد گردیده‬
Pre-cast concrete curbs shall be laid firmly on the ‫(پذیرفته نشده) و به هزینه قراردادی‬
foundation with mortar containing one part of .‫از ساحه دور گردد‬
cement and two parts of fine aggregate, and ‫پیلرهای کانکریتی از قبل ریخت شده‬
accurately along the horizontal and vertical ‫باید بطور محکم باالی تهداب مصالحه با‬
alignment shown in the Drawings. ،)‫ (یک حصه سمنت و دو حصه ریگ‬1:2 ‫نسبت‬
Vertical and horizontal tolerances with respect to ‫و بطور دقیق به امتداد مسیرهای افقی‬
true line and level shall be ±3 mm. ‫و عمودی که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده‬
.‫اعمار گردد‬/‫ نصب‬،‫است‬
‫تفاوت مجاز عمودی و افقی در مقایسه‬
.‫ باشد‬±3 mm ‫با تراز و لیول باید‬

310.5 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬310.5

172 | S e c t i o n 3
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The length of curb and/or gutter shall be the ‫طول پیلر و یا ناوه سطحی باید تعداد‬
number of linear meters of curb and/or surface ‫متراژ خطی پیلر و ناوه سطحی با ابعاد‬
gutter of the required dimensions shown in the ‫خواسته شده نشان داده شده در نقشه ها‬
Drawings measured along its front face in-place, ‫که به امتداد پیشروی در ساحه اندازه‬
completed and accepted. No deductions shall be .‫ باشد‬،‫ تکمیل و مورد قبول باشد‬،‫شده‬
‫هیچ کسری برای همواری پیلرها در‬
made for flattering of curbs at entrances and no
‫موقعیت های ورودی و هیچ افزودی برای‬
additional allowances shall be made for curbs
‫اعمار پیلرها و یا ناوه های سطحی در‬
and/or gutters constructed on curves. .‫موقعیت منحنی ها نباید اجرا شود‬

310 (1)a Concrete Curb(Type A,B,C) lin.m

310 (1)b Concrete Curb(Type D) lin.m
310 (2) Concrete Surface Gutter lin.m

310.6 Rates ‫ نرخ‬310.6

The Contract unit rate for the curbs and/or surface ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای پیلرها و‬
gutter shall constitute full compensation for ‫یا ناوه های سطحی باید شامل اجوره‬
furnishing and placing all materials, labors, ،‫کامل برای تهیه و ریخت همه مواد‬
equipment, tools and any incidentals necessary to ‫ اسباب و ملحقات دیگری‬،‫ وسایل‬،‫کارگر‬
complete the work including excavation, bedding, ،‫که برای تکمیل کار شامل کندنکاری‬
،‫ پردازش و غیره ضرورت است‬،‫بسترسازی‬
finishing, etc.
.‫باشد‬

311 Guide Stone ‫ سنگ رهنما‬311

311.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬311.1
The work for guide stone to be provided at the ‫کار برای سنگ رهنمای که در کنار‬
outer edge of the footpaths consists of granular ‫بیرونی پیاده رو تهیه میگردد شامل‬
foundation, bedding mortar and precast concrete ‫ بستر مصالحه‬،‫تهداب از مواد دانه دار‬
guide stone as shown in the Drawings. The guide ‫و سنگ رهنمای کانکریتی از قبل ریخت‬
stones shall be of precast concrete and furnished ‫شده طوریکه در نقشه ها نشان داده شده‬
‫ سنگ رهنما باید کانکریت‬.‫ میباشد‬،‫است‬
and installed in accordance with this Specification
‫از قبل ریخت شده بوده و مطابق به این‬
at the locations, and in conformity with the sizes,
‫ به‬،‫سند (مشخصات تخنیکی) در موقعیت‬
dimensions and details shown in the Drawings, or
‫ با ابعاد و جزییات که در نقشه‬،‫اندازه‬
as instructed by the Engineer. ‫ها نشان داده شده یا طوریکه توسط‬
‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد تهیه و‬
.‫نصب گردد‬

311.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬311.2

Concrete shall be the class designated in the ‫کالس (مارک) کانکریت باید مطابق به آن‬
Drawings and shall be composed of materials ‫چیزی که در نقشه ها معین شده بوده و‬
conforming to the requirements in Section 4 ‫باید ترکیب از مواد که مطابقت به‬
“Concrete Works”. "‫ "امور کانکریت ریزی‬4 ‫ضروریات بخش‬
.‫کند باشد‬

311.3 Construction Requirements ‫ ضروریات ساختمان‬311.3

Construction or fabrication and installation of ‫اعمار و یا تولید و نصب سنگ رهنما‬

173 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

guide stones shall be as shown in the Drawings or ‫باید مطابق به آنچه در نقشه ها نشان‬
in the Specification. Guide stones shall be set .‫داده شده یا این مشخصات (سند) باشد‬
accurately at the required location and elevation ‫سنگ رهنما باید بطور درست در موقعیت‬
and in such manner as to insure its being held ‫و ارتفاع خواسته شده و به طریقه که‬
firmly in place. The work shall conform to the ‫مطمین شویم که بطور محکم نصب شده‬
4 ‫ کار باید با ضروریات بخش‬.‫باشد‬
requirements in Section 4 “Concrete Works”. In
‫ در‬.‫"امور کانکریت ریزی" مطابقت کند‬
constructing pre-cast guide stone, the forms shall
،‫اعمار سنگ رهنمای از قبل ریخت شده‬
not be removed until after the concrete has ‫قالب ها نباید دور شود تا اینکه‬
hardened. Guide stones that are warped shall be ‫ سنگ رهنمای که‬.‫کانکریت سخت شده باشد‬
rejected. The exposed surface of the finished guide ‫کجی (سو شکل) داشته باشد باید رد‬
stone shall be uniform, of even texture and shall be ‫ سطح بیرونی سنگ رهنما باید‬.‫گردد‬
free from holes, cracks and chipped edges. The ‫یکنواخت و بافت صاف را داشته و باید‬
pre-cast concrete shall not be transported to the ‫ و کناره های‬،‫ درزها‬،‫عاری از سوراخ ها‬
work until the concrete has been cured. ‫ کانکریت از قبل ریخت شده‬.‫پریده باشد‬
‫(سنگ رهنما) نباید قبل از اینکه‬
‫مراقبت (الزم) شود به ساحه انتقال‬
.‫یابد‬

311.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬311.4

The quantities to be paid for the guide stones shall ‫مقداریکه برای سنگ رهنما پرداخت شود‬
be the actual length furnished, placed and ‫ نصب شده و‬،‫باید طول واقعی تهیه شده‬
accepted measured in linear meter from the .‫قبول شده به متر خطی از نقشه ها باشد‬
Drawings.

311 (1) Guide Stone lin.m

311.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬311.5

The Contract unit rate shall constitute full ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد باید مرکب از مزد‬
compensation for furnishing and placing all ،‫کامل برای تهیه و ریخت تمام مواد‬
materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and ‫ و ملحقات ضروری‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫ وسایل‬،‫کارگر‬
incidentals necessary to complete the work ‫برای تکمیل کار شامل خاک ریزی و خاک‬
including earthworks, bedding, fabrication and .‫ باشد‬،‫ تولید و نصب‬،‫ بسترسازی‬،‫برداری‬
installation.

312 Road Marking ‫ مارکنگ فرش سرک‬312

312.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬312.1
This work shall consist of furnishing and applying
Type A and Type B painted road markings on the
finished paved area in accordance with these
Specifications, at the locations and of the
dimensions shown on the Drawings, or as directed
by the Engineer.
The markings Type A shall be used mainly for
permanent works and Type B shall be used mainly

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for semi-permanent works at the boundaries

between contract sections.

312.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬312.2

(1) Class A material shall be white thermoplastic
material incorporating glass beads and
conforming to AASHTO M 249 or equivalent.

(2) Class B material shall be white ready-mixed

traffic paint conforming to AASHTO M 248 or
equivalent.

(3) Glass beads applied to the surface of both

Class A and Class B material shall conform to
AASHTO M 247 (Type 2) or equivalent.

312.3 Construction Requirements ‫ ضروریات ساختمان‬312.3

(1) Existing lines and markings to be removed will
be designated by the Engineer and shall be
removed by grit-blasting or other approved
method causing minimum damage to the road
surface.

(2) The surface area to be marked shall be clean,

dry and free from loose particles. Setting out
and location of all markings shall be approved
by the Engineer before work begins. Except
where approved by the Engineer, all marks
shall be laid by self propelled machines
equipped with cut-off valves and nozzles
capable of forming clean and sharp edged
lines and markings, of the specified thickness.

(3) Type A material shall be laid by spray or screed

to the dimensions shown on the Drawings and
agreed by the Engineer. The finished thickness
of the material shall be a minimum 1.5 mm for
spray application and 3 mm for screed
application, both exclusive of the glass beads
described in (e) below. Preparation and
application of the material shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions or as agreed by the Engineer. On
concrete surfaces the Contractor shall first
apply a tack coat of a type compatible with the

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

thermoplastic material.

(4) Type B material shall be laid by spray type

machine equipped with a mechanical agitator.
Each nozzle shall be equipped with suitable
guide lines consisting of metallic shrouds or air
blasts, and with a satisfactory cut-off valve
capable of applying broken or skip lines
automatically. Spread rate shall be not less
than 40 liters/100 m2. In areas where machine
laying is impossible, the Engineer may give
approval to brush application.

(5) Glass beads shall be applied to the surface of

Type A and Type B markings immediately after
they have been laid. Unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer, all glass beads shall
be applied by pressure or spray application at
a rate not less than 450 gr/m2.

(6) All road markings shall be protected from

traffic as instructed by the Engineer. All
markings shall present a clean cut, uniform
and workmanlike appearance and the surface
shall be free from streaks and cracks. All
markings which do not have a uniform
satisfactory appearance by day and night shall
be corrected by the Contractor at his own
expense.

312.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬312.4

The quantity to be paid for removal of existing
markings will be the net length of the markings in
linear meters of marking designated by the
Engineer for removal and removed to his
satisfaction.
The quantities of road marking to be paid for will
be the net length of the markings in linear meters
of the relevant material applied to the surface,
completed and accepted in accordance with the
Drawings, these Specifications, or as directed by
the Engineer.
The net length of the markings shall be measured
as equivalent to 100mm wide straight line.

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

311 (1) Road Marking Type A (thermoplastic)

W=100mm m
311 (2) Road Marking Type B (ready-mixed traffic
paint) W=100mm m

312.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬312.5

The Contract unit rate shall constitute full
compensation for furnishing and placing all
materials, including all labors, equipment, tools
and incidentals necessary to complete the work in
accordance with the Specification.

313 Traffic Signs ‫ عالیم ترافیکی‬313

313.1 Scope of Work ‫ عمومیات‬312.1
All signs shall be manufactured in accordance with
the Specification issued by the relevant authority
of Afghanistan or as shown on the drawings. In the
absence of any details or for any missing details,
the signs shall be provided as directed by the
relevant authority and accepted by the Engineer.
The signs shall be either reflectorized or non-
reflectorized as shown on the drawings or as
directed by the Engineer. When they are of
reflectorized type, they shall be of retro-
reflectorized type and made of encapsulated lens
type reflective sheeting vide Clause 313.3, fixed
over aluminum sheeting as per these
Specifications.
In general cautionary and mandatory signs shall be
fabricated through process of screen printing. In
regard to informatory signs with inscriptions,
either the message could be printed over the
reflective sheeting, or cut letters of non-reflective
black sheeting used for the purpose which must be
bounded well on the base sheeting as approved by
the Engineer.
Traffic control signs, unless illuminated, shall be
retro-reflective to show the same shape and
similar color both day and night.

313.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬313.2

The various materials and fabrication of the traffic
signs shall conform to the following requirements:
(1) Concrete: Concrete shall be of the grade
shown on the Contract drawings or otherwise

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

as directed by the Engineer.

(2) Reinforcing steel: Reinforcing steel shall

conform to the requirement of Item 402 of this
specification unless otherwise shown on the
drawings or directed by the Engineer.

(3) Bolts, nuts, washers: Bolts, nuts and washers

shall conform to relevant international codes
and standards approved by the Engineer.

(4) Plates and supports: Plates and support

sections for the sign posts shall conform to
relevant international codes and standards
approved by the Engineer.

(5) Aluminum: Aluminum sheets used for sign

boards shall be of smooth, hard and corrosion
resistant aluminum alloy conforming to ASTM
B 209 “Standard Specification for Aluminum
and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate” or other
relevant international codes and standards
approved by the Engineer.

Signs with a maximum side dimension not

exceeding 600 mm shall not be less than 1.5 mm
thick. All others shall be at least 2 mm thick. The
thickness of the sheet shall be related to the size
of the sign and its support and shall that it does not
bend or deform under the prevailing wind and
other loads.

313.3 Traffic Signs Having retro-reflective ‫شیت‬ ‫که‬ ‫ چراغ ها ترافیکی‬313.3

Sheeting ‫انعکاس دهنده دارد‬
313.3.1 General requirements
The retro-reflective sheeting used on the sign shall
consist of the white or colored sheeting having a
smooth outer surface which has the property of
retro-reflection over its entire surface. It shall be
weather-resistant and show color fastness. It shall
be new and unused and shall show no evidence of
cracking, scaling, pitting, blistering, edge lifting or
curling and shall have negligible shrinkage or
expansion. A certificate of having tested the
sheeting for these properties in an unprotected

178 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

outdoor exposure facing the sun for two years and

its having passed these tests shall be obtained
from a reputed laboratory, by the manufacturer of
the sheeting. The reflective sheeting shall conform
to AASHTO M 268.

313.3.2 Retro-reflective sheeting

Retro-reflective sheeting shall be of encapsulated
microscopic glass bead lens type specified as Type
A in AASHTO M 268, consisting of spherical glass
lens, elements adhered to a synthetic resin and
encapsulated by a flexible, transparent water-
proof plastic having a smooth surface. The retro-
reflective surface after cleaning with soap and
water and in dry condition shall have the minimum
co-efficient of retro-reflection (determined in
accordance with ASTM Standard E: 810) as
indicated in Table below.

Table 313-1: Minimum Coefficient of Retro-

reflection (RA) for Type A Sheeting (Candelas per
Lux per Square Meter, cd/lux/m2) (AASHTO M
268)
Observation Angle (in

Entrance Angle (in

Orange
degrees)

Brown
Yellow

Green
White
degree)

Blue
Red

0.2 -4 240 180 90 35 25 12 7.5

0.2 +30 120 90 45 20 12 6.0 3.5
0.5 -4 95 70 35 15 9.5 4.5 3.0
0.5 +30 65 50 20 7.0 4.5 2.5 1.5
1.0 -4 4.5 3.5 1.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2
1.0 +30 2.5 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1

When tested in accordance with ASTM E 810, the

average coefficient of retro-reflection (RA) for a set
of three samples taken from the same roll must not
vary more than 20 percent between RA measured
at 0, 45, 90 and 120 degrees of rotation in order to
be considered rotationally insensitive. The test
shall be conducted at an observation angle of 0.5
degrees and an entrance angle of -4.0 degrees.

179 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

313.3.3 Messages/borders
The messages (legends, letters, numerals etc.) and
borders shall either be screen-printed or of cut-
outs. Screen-printing shall be processed and
finished with materials and in a manner specified
by the sheeting manufacturer. Cut-outs shall be of
materials as specified by the sheeting
manufacturer and shall be bonded with the
sheeting in the manner specified by the
manufacturer.
For screen-printed transparent colored areas on
white sheeting, the co-efficient of retro-reflection
shall not be less than 50 per cent of the values of
corresponding color in Tables 313-1, as applicable.
Cut-out messages and borders, wherever used,
shall be made out of retro-reflective sheeting (as
per Clause 313.3.2 or 313.3.3 as applicable),
except those in black which shall be of non-
reflective sheeting.

313.3.4 Color
The Colors shall be durable and uniform in
acceptable hue when viewed in day light or under
normal headlights at night.

313.3.5 Adhesives
The sheeting shall either have a pressure-sensitive
adhesive of the aggressive-tack type requiring no
heat, solvent or other preparation for adhesion to
a smooth clean surface, or a tack free adhesive
activated by heat, applied in a heat-vacuum
applicator, in a manner recommended by the
sheeting manufacturer. The adhesive shall be
protected by an easily removable liner (removable
by peeling without soaking in water or other
solvent) and shall be suitable for the type of
material of the base plate used for the sign. The
adhesive shall form the sign base in one piece by
use of sharp instrument. In case of pressure-
sensitive adhesive sheeting, the sheeting shall be
applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s
specifications. Sheeting with adhesives requiring
use of solvents or other preparation for adhesive
shall be applied strictly in accordance with the

180 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

manufacturer’s instructions.

313.3.6 Refurbishment
Where existing signs are specified for
refurbishment, the sheeting shall have a semi-rigid
aluminum backing pre-coated with aggressive-tack
type pressure sensitive adhesive. The adhesive
shall be suitable for the type of material used for
the sign and should thoroughly bond with that
material.

313.3.7 Fabrication
Surface to be reflectorized shall be effectively
prepared to receive the retro-reflective sheeting.
The aluminum sheeting shall be de-greased either
by acid or hot alkaline etching and all scale/dust
removed to obtain a smooth plain surface before
the application of retro-reflective sheeting. If the
surface is rough, approved surface primer may be
used. After cleaning, metal shall not be handled,
except by suitable device or clean canvas gloves,
between all cleaning and preparation operation
and application of reflective sheeting/primer.
There shall be no opportunity for metal to come in
contact with grease, oil or other contaminants
prior to the application of retro-reflective
sheeting.
Complete sheets of the material shall be used on
the signs except where it is unavoidable; at splices,
sheeting with pressure sensitive adhesives shall be
overlapped not less than 5 mm. Sheeting with
heat-activated adhesives may be spliced with an
overlap not less than 5 mm or butted with a gap
not proposed, only butt jointing shall be used. The
material shall cover the sign surface evenly and
shall be free from twists, cracks and folds. Cut-outs
to produce legends and borders shall be bonded
with the sheeting in the manner specified by the
manufacturer.

313.3.8 Warranty and durability

The Contractor shall obtain from the manufacturer
a seven-year warranty for satisfactory field
performance including stipulated retro-reflectance
of the retro-reflective sheeting of engineering

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

grade and submit the same to the Engineer. In

addition, a seven year and a five year warranty for
satisfactory in-field performance of the finished
sign with retro-reflective sheeting of high intensity
grade and engineering grade respectively, inclusive
of the screen printed or cut out letters/legends
and their bonding to the retro-reflective sheeting
shall be obtained from the Contractor/supplier
and passed on to the Engineer. The
Contractor/supplier shall also furnish a
certification that the signs and materials supplied
against the assigned work meets all the stipulated
requirements and carry the stipulated warranty.

313.4 Installation ‫ نصب‬313.4

Sign posts, their foundations and sign mountings
shall be so constructed as to hold these in a proper
and permanent position against the normal storm
wind loads or displacement by vandalism.
Normally, signs with an area up to 0.9 sq.m shall be
mounted on a single post, and for greater area two
or more supports shall be provided. Sign supports
may be of mild steel, reinforced concrete or
galvanized iron (G.I.). Post-end(s) shall be firmly
fixed to the ground by means of properly designed
foundation. The work of foundation shall conform
to relevant Specifications as specified.
All components of signs and supports, other than
the reflective portion and G.I. posts shall be
thoroughly descaled, cleaned, primed and painted
with two coats of epoxy paint. Any part of mild
steel (M.S.) post below ground shall be painted
with three coats of red lead paint.
The signs shall be fixed to the posts by bolts and
nuts, fastener, or welding in the case of steel posts
and by bolts and washers of suitable size in the
case of reinforced concrete or G.I. posts. After the
nuts have been tightened, the tails of the bolts
shall be furred over with a hammer to prevent
removal.

313.5 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬313.5

The measurement of standard cautionary,
mandatory and information signs shall be in

182 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

number of signs supplied and fixed, while for

direction and place identification signs, these shall
be measured by area in square meters.

313 (1) Traffic signs nos.

313.6 Rates ‫ نرخ‬313.6

The Contract unit rate shall be payment in full for
the cost of making the road sign, including all
materials, paintings, foundations, installation at
site, and all other incidentals to complete the work
in accordance with the Specifications.

314 Traffic Signals

314.1 General
314.1.1 Scope of Work
The work shall include supply and installation of
traffic signals system including signals poles,
controllers, lamps, foundations, signal heads,
underground cables, wiring, etc., and all
equipment required for completion and operation
of traffic signals system.

314.1.2 Standard and Codes

The traffic equipment furnished and installed shall
meet the requirements of the internationally known
standards or equivalent. Specific standards and codes
used as a guide for the design are as follows:
AASHTO American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials
(USA).
ASTM American Society for Testing
Materials (USA).
BSS British Standard Specifications (UK).
CEE International Commission on Rules
for the Approval of Electrical
Equipment.
IEC International Electromechanical
Commission.
IMSA International Municipal Signal
Association.
IPCEA Insulated Power Cable Engineers
Association (USA).
ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers.
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers
Association (USA).
UL Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
(USA).
MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control
Devices

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ATCDC Afghan Traffic Control Devices Code

314.1.3 Shop Drawings

The Contractor shall prepare and submit shop
drawings to the Engineer for approval of the
complete traffic system for each intersection. In
addition to shop drawings, the Contractor shall
submit all related details and data for the
furnishing and installing of the complete traffic
system as described herein and as directed by the
Engineer. It is the intent that the complete
submission will fully and clearly indicate all
components, details, arrangements, program,
schedule and all related data for the initial and
final, fully operational, traffic system. Further, the
submission shall reflect the planning for future
development of the state-of-the-art for traffic
system.

314.2 Signal Controllers

314.2.1 Description
This section describes the operational, mechanical
and constructional requirements for traffic signal
controllers.

314.2.2 Definitions
For the purpose of this specification the following
definitions shall apply:

a) Cyclic Operation:
A control scheme in which the stages are given in
a fixed order.

b) Demand:
A request for the appearance of a phase which has
not right of way when the request is made.

c) Inter Green Period:

The period of time between the finish of one
phase and the start of the next phase to appear.
The start and finish points of each type of phase
are defined as follows:

Type of
Start point Finish point
phase
End of maximum
Start of green
Vehicle or fixed green
period
period
Start of steady
End of steady
Pedestrian green man
green man period
period

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d) Maximum (or Fixed) Green Period:

The time that a green signal can continue after
demand has been made by traffic on another
phase.

e) Minimum Green Period:

The duration of a green signal following the
extinction of a red signal during which no change
of signal lights can occur.

f) Offset:
The difference in time between the start of stage
1 at a nominated signal controller and the start of
stage 1 at another signal controller in the same
linked group of controllers. The offset for the
nominated controller is defined as zero. The offset
for all other controllers in the linked group is the
time, in seconds, of the start of stage 1 at those
controllers after the start of stage 1 at the
nominated controller.

g) Phase:
Any movement or combination of movements that
are always signalled to proceed simultaneously
and receive the same indications. Two or more
phases may overlap in time. A phase is usually
considered as commencing at the start of the
green display and ending at the start of the amber
display to the traffic streams for the phase in
question. A series of phases is usually arranged in
a predetermined order but some phases may be
omitted if not demanded and if it is safe to do so.

h) Stage:
A condition of the signal lights which permits a
particular movement of traffic.
Any time period during which the movement
pattern remains unchanged. A stage is usually
determined from the start of an amber period and
always ends at the start of the following stage.
Stages usually, but not always, contain a green
period. They are arranged to follow each other in
a predetermined order, but stages can be omitted,
if not demanded to reduce needless delay.

i) Stage Demand:
A call from a vehicle detector, or pedestrian push
button for a particular movement to be served.

j) Stage Extension:

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A call from a vehicle detector to extend for a

predetermined time period, a green period
currently being served.

k) Signal (or Timing) Plan:

The sequence of stages, and their duration and the
mode of operation that governs the operation of a
controller at a selected time. In linked systems, the
plan also defines the offsets.

314.2.3 Standards
Operating facilities, timing ranges and other
features described in these specifications
represent the minimum standards with which
traffic signal controllers shall comply and the
Contractor shall state to which international
standards the equipment has been designed.

314.2.4 Controllers
314.2.4.1 Controller Types
Controllers are required for both junction signals
and for pedestrian crossings and all controllers
shall employ microprocessor technology.

314.2.4.2 Junction Signal Controllers

The operational requirements described herein
are expressed in terms of stages and signal phases
for the sake of clarity. It is not the intention to
exclude controllers designed on a different basis
(e.g. those which step through a discrete number
of steps in each cycle, and switch signal groups at
programmable points in the cycle), provided the
required signal aspect sequences are obtained, the
basic timing intervals specified are timed, and the
specified flexibility is obtained.
The vehicle signal aspect sequence shall be Red,
Green, Amber, Red.
The pedestrian aspect shall be Red man, Green
man, Flashing Green man, Red man.
Controllers shall be capable of operation in any of
the following modes:

• Automatic: This is the normal mode of

operation. When in this mode the controller shall
operate automatically, with stages following each
other cyclically in accordance with the operational
requirements specified herein.

• Manual: In this mode the controller shall move

from stage to stage under the control of manual

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stage selection push-buttons provided on the

police panel, subject to not violating any minimum
green period or prohibited stage to stage move.

• Flashing Amber: In this mode all amber aspects

shall flash at a rate between 55 and 65 flashes per
minute with approximately equal on and off
intervals. This mode shall normally be introduced
by the following sequence:

- The running stage terminated by a steady amber

leaving signal (subject to the expiry of the
minimum green period);

- All amber aspects shall flash and all other vehicle

and pedestrian signal indications shall be
extinguished.
The flashing mode shall be cancelled by the switch
on sequence.

Controllers shall be capable of multi-plan

operation, and of operating in a linked system.
All controllers shall be equipped as specified here
in and shall be capable of expansion by the
addition of at least two stages and two phases on
site at future date.
Pedestrian phases shall be capable of running
either concurrently with vehicular phases or
separately.
The following timing 5-15 seconds in 1-
intervals and ranges shall be second steps
provided for each phase: preset.
Minimum Green
Maximum (or fixed) green 10-90 seconds in
(vehicle phases) steps of not more
than 2 seconds,
adjustable.
Steady green (pedestrian 5-20 seconds in 1-
phase) second steps
adjustable.
Amber 3 seconds
unalterable
Intergreen (minimum value) 0-12 seconds in 1
second steps, pre-
set.

It shall be possible to set different intergreen

periods for each possible phase / phase change. It
shall be possible to extend an intergreen period
under certain conditions when specified.

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Pre-set and unalterable timings shall not vary

between different plans. Facilities for different
adjustable timings in different plans shall be
provided where specified.

It shall be possible to allocate available phases to

the stages in any combination subject to the
method of control, traffic requirements and safety
consideration. A phase may be defined as:

Fixed time. A fixed phase is a phase which is not

dependent on detector or push-button operation.
Fixed time phases will therefore appear at least
once in a cycle (if required by the plan in
operation) and will operate for a fixed period.
These phases may be considered to have a
continuously stored permanent demand.

Signal changes shall normally operate in a

predetermined cyclic order. When operating
under manual mode, stages shall appear as called,
subject to any constraints imposed. Facilities shall
be provided for imposing constraints on stage to
stage movements. These shall include prohibition
of certain stage changes, and the automatic calling
of stages to precede or follow certain stages.

Each controller shall be equipped to provide at

least six timing plans. Each timing plan shall define
the maximum green periods for each stage, the
stage sequence and also the mode in which each
stage shall operate. Plans for linked controllers
shall also define offsets. One plan shall be
designated as a “fall back’ plan. The signal timings
defined for this plan shall be used when the
controller is operating in the isolated mode.
Flashing amber shall be regarded as a plan
additional to the specified changes of plan. It shall
be possible to vary the stage sequence and to
introduce or omit selected stages in different
plans. It shall be possible to programme a plan
change:
a) On every day of the week.
b) On every day, Saturday to Sunday.
c) On every day, Monday to Thursday.
d) On Friday only.
The number of programmable plan changes in
a week shall not be less than 24.
Plans shall be changed automatically at times
of the week defined by:
a) Day of week.

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b) Hours.
c) Minutes.

Plan changes shall occur within 1 second of the

programmed time. Controllers in linked systems
shall take up their new offset relationship within
one cycle on change of plan. To achieve this, they
may cycle rapidly through their sequence, but no
green period shall be less than the pre-set
minimum.

It shall be possible to introduce the manual or

flashing modes by operations of a special switch
on the police panel.

It shall not be possible to switch off all signal

aspects without opening the main door of the
controller.

314.2.4.3 Pedestrian Crossing Controllers

Pedestrian crossing signals normally display green
signals to traffic and red signals to pedestrians.

A pedestrian demand (operation of a pedestrian

push-button) shall initiate the sequence specified
herein provided the fixed vehicle period which
commenced timing after the previous pedestrian
sequence has expired.

Vehicle and pedestrian signals and associated

timings at pedestrian crossings shall be as follows:
Vehicle Pedestrian Timing
Signals Signals
Green Red Man 3 seconds unalterable
1 to 20 seconds in steps
Red Red Man of
1 second, adjustable
2 to 10 seconds in steps
Steady
Red of
Green Man
1 second, adjustable
2 to 15 seconds in steps
Flashing
Red of
Green Man
1 second, adjustable
Red Red Man 3 seconds, unalterable
Fixed vehicle period 20-
Green Red Man 90 seconds in steps of 1
second, adjustable.

A demand registered at any time after the end of

the steady Green Man period shall be stored until
the expiry of the fixed vehicle period. If no demand

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has been registered before the expiry of the fixed

vehicle period the controller shall rest in its normal
state until a demand is registered whereupon the
signal sequence shall be immediately initiated.

314.2.4.4 Linking
Controllers may be required to operate in a
coordinated network. These controllers shall
operate on a common cycle time. Within the
network the start of one controller will be
designated “time zero” for reference purposes.
Offsets for all other controllers in the network will
be related to this reference and will be defined for
each signal plan.

Co-ordination shall be implemented by either

cabled or cable less techniques.

The designation of one controller in a network as

a reference does not imply that it must be the
source of co-ordinating signals (Master controller)
in a cable linked network. The Contractor is free to
choose which controller to equip as a master and
which as local controllers.

In cable linked systems the controller equipped as

a master shall, as a minimum, transmit a signal to
all local controllers once per cycle to indicate time
zero, and appropriate signals to indicate which
plan is in operation.

Absence of any plan signal, or of the time

reference signal, for more than 180 seconds shall
cause the local controllers to operate in an
isolated mode.

The controller equipped as the master shall also

transmit signals to cause selected local controllers
to operate in the flashing mode.

Pedestrian demands registered by pedestrian

controllers in linked systems, shall be stored until
the offset time is defined in the linking plan has
expired whereupon the controller shall
immediately commence the signal sequence. It
shall be possible to define two independent
offsets within the common cycle time.

314.2.5 Timing and Standby Power Sources

314.2.5.1 Real Time Clock

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This facility shall be realised by a precision 24 hour

/ 7 day clock. This clock shall be used for plan
selection and synchronization.

The seven day clock shall maintain correct time

with an error of less than 1 second in one month
providing the ambient temperature is within the
range detailed in this specification.

During mains power failure, the real time clock

shall derive its power from a standby power
source.

314.2.5.2 Power Supply Standby

In the event of a mains power failure or
disconnection or the removal of circuit boards
from the controller the following facilities shall be
supported by a standby power source:

a) The real time clock.

b) The fault log.
c) Plan data amendments.
d) Timetable amendments.
e) Timing amendments.

In addition any other data that is required for the

correct operation of the controller shall also be
preserved during power failure.

The real time clock and other facilities shall be

preserved for a minimum period of 24 hours in the
absence of mains power.

314.2.5.3 Start-up Sequence

When mains power is applied to the controller, all
the signal lamps are switched on, the controller
shall enter the flashing amber mode for 5 seconds.

314.2.6 Microprocessor Integrity Checks

314.2.6.1 Phase Monitoring
The actual status of the phase drive outputs shall
be continuously monitored. This status shall be
checked against the switching commands as
initiated at the microprocessor control level. If a
discrepancy is detected the controller shall initiate
a flashing amber sequence and full details shall be
entered into the fault log. The status shall be
checked by a sensor that monitors the voltage to
the green signal lamps at the output of each phase
drive. The controller shall check that the status of

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the sensor agrees with the switching commands

issued by the microprocessor.

314.2.6.2 Green Conflict Monitor

The controller shall be equipped with facilities to
prohibit the display of green signals on any two or
more conflicting phases. Two independent
systems shall be provided at least one of which
shall be independent of the controller
microprocessor.

The phase conflict checks shall utilise completely

independent paths and shall involve reference to
two separate conflict matrices.
The monitoring system shall operate in a failsafe
mode and it shall not be possible for the system to
be disabled.

Test facilities shall be provided for each phase

green so that a conflicting condition can be
simulated in order to check that both green
conflict monitors operate.

The Contractor shall provide details of the

techniques used to prohibit the display of
conflicting green signals.

314.2.6.3 Flashing Amber Sequence

If the phase monitor(s), the green conflict monitor,
or the watchdog detects a failure, the signal lamps
shall be switched to flashing amber within 500
milliseconds of the failure being detected.
A contactor shall be used to switch off the signal
lamps in the event of a failure. When the controller
is operating correctly the contactor shall be held in
the operated condition. In the event of a failure or
power loss the contactor shall release.
A circuit separate from the main controller
microprocessor shall be used to provide flashing
amber. This circuit shall be operated and
connected to the amber signal lamp drivers by the
release of the contactor specified above.

314.2.6.4 Memory Devices

The controller firmware and site configuration
data shall be held in non-volatile memory. In
addition, a complete set of timing parameters shall
be held in non-volatile memory. Any non-volatile
memory used shall be re-programmable.

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The controller shall be equipped with a facility

such that the data contained in the non-volatile
memory can be transferred to the read / write
memory during normal operation, the controller
will operate with the data held in this read / write
memory.

A facility shall be provided to alter the timing data

held in the read / write memory via the monitoring
and control facilities. The controller shall perform
a range check on the data, and display any faults,
before the data is used to update the read / write
memory. The range parameter (upper and lower
limits) shall be stored in the non-volatile memory
and shall be considered as site configuration data
and thus not alterable on site.

314.2.6.5 Data Integrity Checks

Each of the individual memory devices used shall
be tested by sum-check techniques. Each memory
device shall incorporate its unique sum-check
value set according to the information it contains.
On start up, all memory devices shall be
individually sum-checked.

The firmware and fixed data held in the non-

volatile memory device shall not self-corrupt as a
result of program / operating error or mains power
disruption.

Following the detection of a sum-check error, the

fault shall be logged, subject to the error not
inhibiting this, and the controller shall initiate a
flashing amber sequence.

In the event of corruption of timing data contained

in the read / write memory being detected during
normal operation, the data contained in the non-
volatile memory shall be used for the operation of
the controller. The fault shall also be logged.

314.2.6.6 Microprocessor System

The correct operation of the microprocessor
system shall be monitored by means of a watched
timer. This shall include the important parts of the
operational program. The watched reset period
shall not exceed 500 msec.

314.2.6.7 Fault Log

A fault log shall be provided in the read / write
memory for storing information on faults detected

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during the operation of the controller. This

information shall be protected against mains
failure.

The fault log shall contain at least information

relating to:

a) Identity of faulty detector channel (s) (this

shall include pedestrian push buttons);
b) Green conflicts with identity of phases
involved;
c) Identity of phase monitor faults;
d) Memory corruption (s) / failure (s);
e) Pre-set timer faults;
f) Plan and timer faults;
g) Real time clock failure, and
h) Pedestrian controller faults.

314.2.6.8 Diagnostic Facilities

Facilities shall be provided to assist the
maintenance personnel to easily diagnose fault
conditions.

Any fault that occurs relating to components,

interfaces, peripheral equipment, functional
integrity (e.g. program looping, excessive
interrupts, intermittent errors, read / write access
failure etc.) shall be stored. The diagnostic
facilities will allow this information to be retrieved
for analysis.

Facilities shall be provided for checking the correct

operation of all input/ output devices.

Facilities shall be provided for testing the correct

functioning of each memory component
incorporated in the controller.
All intermittent errors shall be recorded.

314.2.7 Adjustment and Maintenance Facilities

314.2.7.1 Facilities
Facilities shall be provided for the monitoring and
adjustment of the controller. These facilities shall
be in addition to the manual control facility
provided on the police panel.

Monitoring and control facilities shall be provided

with in the controller housing, accessible only after
opening the main controller door. They shall be of
two categories:

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- Those accessible by traffic Engineers and

maintenance personnel, and

- Those accessible by maintenance Engineers only.

Access to these facilities shall be either via a

keyboard / switch assembly and displays built in to
the controller, or via an interface into which a
hand – held control device may be plugged. Any
alternative interface proposed shall be fully
described. The description shall include full details
of electrical and mechanical design, and also of
any transmission protocol employed.

314.2.7.2 Traffic Engineering Facilities

The following operational monitoring and display
facilities shall be provided:

a) System time / day.

b) Fault log.
c) Running stage.
d) Phase status and the status of all the
associated phase timers.
e) Plan in operation.
f) Operational mode.
g) All phase timing periods.
h) Plan data.
i) Timetable data.

The following control functions shall be available

at this level:

a) Selection of operating mode.

b) Manual stage control.
c) Switch – off signal aspect lamps.

These facilities shall be directly available at the

keyboard / display or interface.

314.2.7.3 Engineers Facilities

These facilities shall also be available via the same
access means as for traffic Engineers, but shall in
addition require the operation of a keyswitch. It
shall only be possible to remove the key from the
keyswitch when in the “off” position.

The following facilities shall be available:

a) Alteration to all phase timed period values
in the stored operational parameters
(within the permitted limits).

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b) Alteration to all timetable and plan data.

c) Set system time.
d) Clear fault log.
e) Display data in any memory address.
f) Change data contained in a any read /
write memory address.

314.2.7.4 Site Configuration Data and Firmware

Modification of a site configuration data or
controller firmware, held in non-volatile memory,
shall only be alterable by changing memory
devices.

314.2.8 Electrical Requirements

314.2.8.1 Mains Supply
All equipment shall be suitable for operation on a
nominal 220 volts 50 Hz single phase. A.C. supply.

The equipment shall operate satisfactorily with

any combination of variations of nominal voltages
of +10%-20% and variations of the supply voltage
frequency of + / - 4%.

In the event of mains supply interruption equal to

less than 50 milliseconds, the controller shall
continue to operate correctly. In the event of a
mains failure greater than 50 milliseconds the
controller shall shut down in an orderly fashion for
the duration of the mains interruption without a
malfunction occurring.

314.2.8.2 Controller Mains Power Supply

A double pole switch with a differential circuit
breaker of minimum rating 16 amp in the live lead
or approved alternative shall be provided to
isolate the mains supply from all equipment in the
controller housing. This shall incorporate an earth
leakage circuit breaker.

A separate fused isolating switch or approved

alternative, which does not break the neutral
connection, shall be provided to isolate the
controller equipment from the mains supply.

A separate fuse and isolating switch shall be

provided for extinguishing the traffic signal lamps
and pedestrian “WAIT” indicators without
interfering with the supply to the controller
operating circuits, phase monitors etc.

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A separate fuse and isolating switch shall be

provided for the power supply to detector
equipment.

If internally illuminated regulatory signs

(supplementary aspects) are required, they shall
be fed from separate fuses.

A switch socket shall be provided as an outlet for

maintenance tools and test equipment. This
socket shall not be isolated by the fused isolating
switch specified herein.

Contactors shall be installed as necessary, for the

control of special signs.

314.2.8.3 Protective Requirements

A cable earth continuity connection bar of
approved design shall be fitted within the
controller housing. The cable earth connection bar
shall be electrically connected to the controller
housing including access doors.

A voltage greater than or equal to 50V DC or AC

shall be rated as a dangerous voltage. All
equipment or units working at a dangerous
voltage shall be protected by an approved cover,
which shall be removable. The cover shall have a
label with the dangerous voltage value and the
word “DANGER” in English and Dari. The voltage
shall be indicated.

Terminal strips and terminals shall be clearly and

indelibly coded. Terminals carrying mains
electrical power shall be separated from other
terminals. Not more than three cable cores shall
be retained by any terminal.

314.2.8.4 Signal Lamp Switching

Traffic signal lamp switching shall be solid state
devices. The Contractor shall provide full technical
details of the device used and all associated
features. Due consideration shall have been given
to output monitoring, fail safe features, transient
loading, heat dissipation and ease of replacement.
The device shall be adequately protected to avoid
damage due to short circuit or earth connection of
the drive outputs, signal lamps or cable.

The signal lamp switching units shall have an

expected life, under normal operating conditions,

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of at least five million switching operations when

driving a load of 10 lamps on the same phase and
of the same aspect colour, complete with
transformers and 50 metres of aspect cable to
each lamp.

314.2.8.5 Detection (Not Provided)

The controller shall be capable of accepting inputs
from a minimum of 16 detectors. These may be
inductive loop units, microwave decetors or other
approved detectors for vehicle detection,
pedestrian push-buttons or switch inputs.

It shall be possible to allocate any detector input

to any function.

It shall be possible to simulate the operation of any

detector.

It shall be possible to cause any detector to

demand and / or extend any stage / phase.

All detectors shall be monitored for changes of

state. Any detector that does not change in state
during a period which shall be adjustable between
6 and 18 hours shall be regarded as faulty and
details shall be entered in the fault log.

314.2.9 Mechanical and Construction

Requirements
314.2.9.1 Controller Housing
The controller housing shall be of galvanised steel,
construction and suitably treated to protect
against corrosion. Controller housings cooling fans
will not be accepted. Double skin construction as
an aid to cooling is acceptable.

The housing shall be dust and rainproof with doors

protected by at least 2 locks. The doors must be
secured against unauthorized entry by high
security and vandal-proof, key operated locks. The
type of locks to be used shall be subject to the
approval of the employer. For each controller, not
less than two keys for each type of lock used
including that for the police facilities flap, shall be
supplied.

All exposed metal parts of the housing shall

receive a minimum of three coats of colour paint.
A coating of sprayed molten zinc will be accepted
in lieu of the first two coats mentioned.

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Appropriate means shall be provided for the

proper support of all cables.

Controller housings wider than 800mm shall

require front access only.

The controller housing shall be capable of housing

all of the following in addition to the controller:

a) Detectors.
b) Termination blocks for connections to
remote equipment signs, detectors etc.
c) Power supply termination.

The controller housing shall contain a pocket to

hold the basic controller data sheets (A4 booklet).

314.2.9.2 Control Access

Access to basic manual control (Police) facilities
shall normally be gained by a key without opening
the main controller door. The key shall be the
same for all controllers, but shall be different from
the key required to open the main controller door.
All of the push buttons and indications given below
are called police facilities.

Access to other facilities and to the control

modules shall be provided by means of the main
controller door(s).

The police panel shall be equipped with push-

buttons or switches to allow the following control
actions to be carried out:

a) Controller mode selection. It shall be

possible to select any one of four
operating modes:
- Automatic (normal).
- Manual
- Flashing.
- All red.

b) Manual stage selection. One push-button

shall be provided for each stage. These
shall be operative when the manual mode
has been selected.

c) Manual selection of all red. This shall be

effective when the manual mode has been
selected.

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Indications shall be provided to indicate:

- The running stage.
- The operating mode.
- Controller fault.

Push-buttons and indications shall be labelled.

It shall not be possible to switch off all signal
aspect lamps from the police facility.

314.2.9.3 Identification of Equipment

All controls, indicators, and power protection
devices shall be clearly marked in an approved
manner to indicate their function.

All modules shall be clearly marked or labelled

with a function code or title, type number and
serial number.

Components shall not be marked with circuit

references. The markings shall be either adjacent
to the component or annotated on the diagram or
photograph of the unit ina relevant handbook or
manual. Marking required for controls,
maintenance or warnings shall be adjacent to the
parts concerned.

314.2.10 Environmental Tests

314.2.10.1 General
All traffic signal controllers shall be capable of
passing the tests in this section or other equivalent
tests as agreed by the Engineer. Where the
Contractor proposes to test his equipment to
other national testing standers, he shall provide
full details. The general standards required are as
specified in this section. Two samples shall be
tested unless directed otherwise by the Engineer.

314.2.10.2 Dry Heat

No preconditioning is required.

The test shall be conducted with the equipment in

an operating condition, and any loads simulated
where this is likely to affect the tests. In particular,
for traffic signal controllers, lamp loads should be
simulated.

The severities shall be:

- Temperature 55 deg. C + / - 2 deg. C.
- Duration 16 hours.

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The equipment under test shall operate in

accordance with its specification:

a) After introduction into the test chamber,

but before the period of exposure;
b) After the period of exposure but before
the period of recovery;
c) At about 5 deg C increments during the
period of recovery; and
d) After the period of recovery.

The equipment shall be visually and mechanically

checked before and after the test.

314.2.10.3 Damp Heat

The equipment shall satisfactorily pass the damp
heat test. The test shall be for one cycle only.

314.2.10.4 Simulated Solar Radiation

The equipment shall satisfactorily pass the
simulated solar radiation test in accordance with
international standards.

During the test, the temperature shall be

monitored at points where, in the opinion of the
testing officer, the temperature is likely to have
most significant effect upon the equipment.

This might be adjacent to components which have

the lowest specified operating temperature and in
the area likely to become the hottest during the
test. If the temperature measured at any point
exceeds the specified operating temperature of
any component, the equipment shall be judged to
have failed the test.

The irradiation plan shall be that which, in the

opinion of the testing officer, most accurately
simulates the equipment’s operating conditions.
The test shall be conducted with the equipment in
an operating condition and any loads simulated
where this is likely to affect the tests. In particular,
for traffic signal controllers, lamp loads should be
simulated.

Procedure shall be used, with the enclosure

temperature kept at 40 deg. C during irradiation
and a humidity of 90% for the test duration.
No forced air flow around the equipment shall be
provided.

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The test duration shall be 3 cycles.

The equipment under test shall operate in

accordance with its specification:

a) After introduction into the test chamber,

but before the period of exposure.
b) At the end of each irradiation period.
c) At the end of each cycle.

After the test, the equipment shall be visually and

mechanically checked.

314.2.10.5 Vibration
The equipment shall satisfactorily pass the
vibration (sinusoidal) test in accordance with
international standards.

The frequency range to be used shall be from 1-35

Hz.

The vibration amplitude shall be 0.75mm.

The endurance in each axis shall be 100 sweep

cycles. Endurance testing by sweeping only is
required.

The equipment shall be electrically tested to

ensure that it meets its specified performance at
the beginning and end of the test after the
completion of testing in each axis.

The equipment is not required to be operational

during the testing.

At the compellation of the test the equipment

shall be visually and mechanically checked and
inspected.

314.2.10.6 Driving Rain

The driving rain test shall be in accordance with
international standards. The shower heads shall
be aimed directly at all vulnerable points.

The equipment shall perform according to

specification before and after the test. There shall
be no evidence of water inside the equipment
enclosure after the test. The controller shall
provide details of any limitations which might be
required to testing the controller with the police

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facilities flap open. If it cannot be so tested the

controller shall provide evidence to the
satisfaction of the Engineer that it will operate
with the flap open in heavy driving rain.

314.3 Signal Heads and Pedestrian Push Buttons

314.3.1 Description
This section describes the operational and
construction requirements for traffic signal heads
and pedestrian push – buttons.

314.3.2 Definitions
For the purpose of this specification, the following
definitions shall apply:

• Signal aspect: an optical system which produces

light or a light pattern of specified size, colour and
shape.

• Signal face: A combination of signal aspects

which together provide a continuous display of
control information to a traffic stream.

• Signal head: An assembly of signal aspects

presenting one or more signal faces, mounted on
a signal pole.

• Vehicle signals: signal faces providing control

information to vehicle drivers.

• Pedestrian signals: signal faces providing control

information to pedestrians.

• Phantom: A reflection of sunlight and sky light

from the internal optical surfaces for the signal
aspect, normally the reflector.

• Spectral reflection: a reflection of sunlight and

sky light from the outer surfaces of the optical
system of the signal aspect, either from the lens
surface or, in the case of a pedestrian, arrow or
tram aspect, from the mask which defines the
symbol displayed.

314.3.3 Arrangement of Aspects

314.3.3.1 Vehicle Signals
Each signal face shall, unless otherwise specified,
contain three aspects, arranged vertically. The
coloured lens of the upper aspect shall be red, the
middle one amber, and the lower one green. In

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addition, red, amber or green arrow aspects may

be used and may either replace, or be in addition
to the standard full aspects.

Supplementary aspects shall be provided where

shown on the drawings or directed by the
Engineer. Blue mandatory turn supplementary
aspects shall be provided wherever directional
arrow green aspects are to be installed. The
Contractor shall provide details for the approval of
the Engineer of supplementary aspects which are
to be illuminated, showing his proposed method
of fixing to the signal head. The following symbols
will be required:

- No right turn.
- No left turn.
- No entry.
- Ahead only.
- Turn left.
- Turn right.

All aspects on pole mounted signal heads shall

have a diameter of between 200 mm and 210 mm.

314.3.3.2 Pedestrian Signals

Each signal face shall contain two aspects arranged
vertically. The aspects shall be circular with
diameter of between 200mm and 210mm. The
upper aspect shall show a standing red man on a
black background. The lower aspect shall show a
walking green man on a black background.

314.3.4 Optical Performance

The signal aspects shall provide an optical
performance particularly with reference to
phantom and spectral reflection which meets the
requirements of at least one of the following
standards:

a) British standard.
b) Institute of transportation Engineers.
c) Germ DIN.
d) European standards.
e) Any other independent standard with full
optical requirements similar to (a) or (b) or
(c) or (d) above and which is approved by
the Engineer.

The Contractor shall submit details of the

standards that the aspects meet including details

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of differences between any other standard and

the British or German standards and shall submit
copies of certified, independent test reports
showing that their aspects meet the requirements
of the standard.

a) When the aspect is switched off it shall

give a uniform, near black appearance
with no visible phantoms, or spectral
reflection.
b) For the pedestrian and arrow aspects,
when switched on, the contrast between
the illuminated and non illuminated
portions of the aspect shall be such that
the intended indication is completely
clear.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor to satisfy

the Engineer that the signal aspects meet these
requirements.

314.3.5 Construction of Signal Heads and Visors

The materials used shall be polycarbonate,
resistant to high temperatures and ultraviolet
light, and the form of construction used shall be
such as to ensure that the signal head has
adequate mechanical strength and durability to
withstand the conditions of installation, operation
and maintenance. In particular it should be
capable of withstanding winds of up to 160kph.
The colour of the signal body and visors shall be
black.

Materials, fixings and fastenings used shall either

be inherently corrosion resistant, or shall be
treated to prevent corrosion.

The material, shall be capable of withstanding the

action of direct sunlight, and temperatures of
between 0 deg. C and + 70 deg. C without
significant deterioration of mechanical strength,
or change of colour.

The signal head assembly shall employ sub-unit

construction such that aspects can be arranged
into the various configurations required. It shall be
possible to replace individual sub-units reasonably
easily for maintenance or other reasons, and also
add sub-units, such as green arrow units, when
required.

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The design of the signal head shall be such that the

overall assembly is as compact as possible,
particularly regarding width.

The signal head assembly shall be provided with

facilities which will allow it to be mounted on a
standard signal pole. The mounting arraignment
shall be such that, after attachment to the pole,
the signal aspects can be adjusted, both
horizontally and vertically to aim them
appropriately for the traffic situation.

The construction of the signal head shall be such

as to prevent rain and dust entering the aspect.
The access provided for lamp replacement and any
necessary cleaning shall be such that access can be
easily obtained and when maintenance is
complete, access doors or flaps can be easily and
securely closed and sealed.

All signal aspects shall be fitted with visors. Visors

shall be of sufficient size to adequately shade the
aspects and to minimise phantom effects. Where
specified, or made necessary by site conditions,
deep or specially designed visors shall be provided
which give a very directional view of the signal
aspect.

Lamps shall be of a long life, incandescent gas-

filled traffic signally type, of sufficient wattage to
produce the required optical performance. The
lamp holder shall provide a positive and accurate
location for the lamp and a reasonable heat
conduction path to the reflector. Location and
heat conduction by lamp pins alone is not
acceptable.

The material used for lenses shall also be of

polycarbonate.

The Contractor shall submit full constructional and

assembly details and illustrations to show how the
requirements of this section will be met.

314.3.6 Fixings
Suitable means shall be provided to firmly fasten
brackets and signal heads to poles and to allow
adjustment where required. All nuts, bolts,
fastenings, hinges, brackets and other fixings shall
be of noncorrodible material or suitably treated
other material to prevent corrosion.

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Vehicle signal heads shall normally be fixed with

the centre of the amber aspect 2.8m from
pavement level. Signal heads on high masts shall
be fitted so that the lower part of the signal head
is at least 5.5 m from the carriageway surface.

Pedestrian signal heads shall be fixed with the

centre of the red man aspect 2.3 m from pavement
level.

Tram signals shall be fixed with the centre of the

lower aspect approximately in line with the eye of
a driver stopped in front of the signal.

The combined assembly of signal head, fixings and

pole shall be such as to provide adequate stability
in wind velocities up to 160 km/h.

314.3.7 Termination
Signal heads shall incorporate terminations for
signal cables.

314.4 Signal Installation

314.4.1 Description
This work shall consist of the supply, installation,
testing and placing into service of traffic signal
equipment, all as shown on the drawings or
established by the Engineer.

314.4.2 Materials
Materials and equipment shall comply with the
requirements of specification.

314.4.3 Installation
The Contractor shall be responsible for the
complete installation of all wiring, distribution of
power from the power source to the control
foundation and to all equipment and components
of all system, the complete Traffic System with all
subsystems, control systems, and all related work
as specified herein, as requires for the complete
installations and as directed by the Engineer.

The Contractor shall contact the power

Distribution Division of the Kabul Municipality by
the help of PMU of Kabul Municipality to arrange
for the electrical supply for the controllers. The
Contractor shall comply with the requirements of
the Power Distribution Division for the service

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connection. There shall be no separate payment

for service connection deemed to be including in
the quoted rate. The cost of service connection
work shall be an incidental part of the bid prices of
other items of work in the Bills of Quantities.

Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer in

writing, no installation shall take place without the
Engineer’s presence and supervision. Such
presence and supervision of the Engineer shall in
no way relieve the Contractor from his
responsibility of installing the traffic system and its
component properly and according to proven
Engineering standers and practices so that the
Traffic System will function and operate to the
satisfaction of the Engineer after installation.

If the Engineer determines, as the sole judge of

such determination, any time prior to the issuance
of the written final acceptance certificate, that any
equipment, competent part and / or
appurtenance of the Traffic Control System is
improperly installed, such equipment, competent
part and / or appurtenance shall be removed and
reinstalled, with new parts and components if
necessary in the judgment of the Engineer, by the
Contractor at his own expense.

The work of trenching road and placement of

ducts shall also be undertaken by the Contractor.
The supply and installation of cabling shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor.

314.4.3.1 Controllers
The Contractor shall set out the positions of all
signal controller cases, at the locations shown on
the Drawings. If during the course of setting out or
after excavation he discovers any obstructions
that will prevent the placing of any controller in its
designated position he shall propose an
alternative position for the approval of the
Engineer.

After the controllers at each junction have been

installed, the Contractor shall assemble and install
all other equipment of his supply, including the
laying and terminating of all cables.

The ends of all cables that have been cut to length

shall be properly sealed immediately they are cut,
unless they can be terminated the same day. The

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armoring of all cables shall be electrically bonded

together in the controller case, and to controller
cases and signal poles. Cable ends shall be bound
with PVC tape after termination of the conductors.
All cables shall be adequately supported on cable
clamps or gland plates.

When each signal installation has been completed

and has passed its Test after Installation, the base
of the controller case shall be sealed with epoxy
resin and damaged paint work on any part of the
installation made good, to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.

314.4.3.2 Signal Heads

Signal heads shall be comprised of up to four signal
faces, together with necessary mounting devices
capable of holding signal heads rigidly in place
against wind and other external effects.

The Contractor shall adjust the direction of beam

of all signal faces as directed by the Engineer.

After installation and prior to testing and

commissioning, the Contractor shall fix white
crosses over all signal heads, to indicate that the
signals are not in use.

All installation work and materials shall be to the

satisfaction of the Engineer.

314.4.3.3 Cables
Signal cables shall be 4-cores, armored, 600 / 1000
v grads, with a conductor cross – section of 1.5 sq.
mm (nominal). Linking cables shall be 5-pairs, each
conductor of 0.9 – 1 sq. mm (nominal). No voltage
in excess of 60v (d.c.) or RMS (a.c.) shall be applied
to linking cables. Cable terminations shall be
mechanically and electrically sound and able to
withstand all traffic – induced vibration.

At least one signal head associated with each

phase shall be connected to the controller via a
cable separate from the cable feeding the
remaining signal head(s).

The signal cables will be laid in ducting. The

ducting will be 100 mm dia PVC duct and will have
been provided with pull wires and draw pits.

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Signal cables shall provide continuous conductors

and shall not contain joints. Any interconnections
required between cables shall be carried out on
terminals installed above ground within signal
poles. Each signal cable shall have 2 m of spare
cable coiled in the draw pit (pull box) at the
controller base, and 3 m of spare cable coiled in
the draw pit by the pole. All signal cables shall be
marked at each end to indicate their function and
connection. They shall also be marked in each
draw pit they pass through. Cable marking shall be
designed to last the life of the cable.

314.4.4 Tests and Placing in Service

Traffic Signal Equipment and Installations will be
accepted for installation by the Engineer following
inspection and tests:

a) At the Contractor’s Depot;

b) Pre – installation tests and
c) Post – installation tests.

314.4.4.1Tests at the Contractors Depot

Tests shall be carried out at the Contractors Depot
to demonstrate the correct operation of the
equipment. The Contractor shall provide suitable
test facilities and assistance, including dummy
loads, test switches, etc. These facilities shall allow
the equipment to be tested over the whole of the
specified voltage range. The test equipment shall
not include temperature or frequency tests.

The tests of controllers shall demonstrate the

correct functioning of all standard functions of the
controller, in addition to those required for the
particular installation to which it is destined.

The Contractor shall furnish to the Engineer a

certificate for each controller supplied that it has
satisfactorily passed the appropriate tests and that
it conforms to the specifications.

314.4.4.2 Pre – installation Testing

Each piece of equipment, component, element
and appurtenance, of the Traffic System shall be
individually tested by the Contractor under the
supervision and to the satisfaction of the Engineer
before installation.

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Pre – installation tests shall emphasize proper

operation and functioning of each unit of
equipment, component, element and
appurtenance, whether manufactured and / or
assembled by the Contractor himself or supplied
by a sub-Contractor or a manufacturer other than
the Contractor.

No pre – installation test shall be considered

complete unless the unit being tested meets, in
the judgment of the Engineer, all the material,
operating and performs criteria established in the
Contract Documents.

Any unit that fails to pass any pre – installation test

shall be so marked by the Engineer and shall be
replaced by the Contractor at his own expense
until the replacement passes all pre – installation
tests to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Repairing
a faulty unit shall not be acceptable. All costs
associated with the pre – installation tests shall be
borne by the Contractor as an incidental part of his
bid price for the unit being tested. No separate
payment shall be made for pre – installation tests.

No unit shall be installed in the field unless the

Engineer issues a pre – Installation Test Certificate
indicating that the unit has passed required tests
to his satisfaction.

The Engineer shall have the option of waving pre –

installation testing requirements for a group of like
units, after testing a sufficient number of units,
randomly selected by him, from such group of like
units.

Satisfactory passage of any unit in pre –

installation tests shall not relieve the Contractor
from any of his responsibilities of equipment
performance under this contract.

314.4.4.3 Post – Installation Tests

Following the installation of equipment,
components, elements and appurtenances of the
Traffic System, the Contractor shall perform post –
installation tests under the supervision and to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

Post installation test shall emphasize the

functional operation and performance of a system
as well as the performance of its components.

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Post – installation tests shall be considered

complete unless the system and its components
being tested meet, in the judgment criteria
established in the Contract Documents.

Any system or its components that fail to pass any

post – installation test shall be replaced by the
Contractor at his own expense until the
replacement passes all post – installation tests to
the satisfaction of the Engineer.

The Contractor shall provide and set up all the test

equipment necessary for post – installation tests
and shall conduct the tests under the supervision
and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

All costs associated with the post – installation

tests shall be borne by the Contractor as an
incidental part of his bid price for the system being
tested. No separate payment shall be made for
post – installation tests.

No system shall be started – up unless the

Engineer issues a post – Installation Test
Certificate that the system has passed required
tests to his satisfaction.

Satisfactory passage of any system in post –

installation tests shall not relieve the Contractor
from any of his responsibilities of system
performance under this Contract until a final
Acceptance Certificate is issued by the Engineer.

314.4.4.4 System Start-up and Initial Operation

Following the issuance of a Post – Installation Test
Certificate by the Engineer, the Contractor shall
start-up the system that passed the post –
installation tests, and shall continuously operate
the system for an initial operation period of one
month.

The Engineer and the Employer’s personnel shall

be present at the start-up and initial operation of
all equipment, components and systems.

During the initial operation period the Contractor

shall continuously observe and monitor the
operation of the system and shall make final
adjustments and corrections to the system to the
satisfaction of the Engineer. If during the initial

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operation period major system and / or

component defects are identified which, in the
judgment of the Engineer, require modifications to
the system and / or its components, the initial
operation period shall restart following the
completion of the subject modifications to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

314.4.4.5 Taking Over

When a system, started – up and initially operated
according to the requirements of clause 6.4.4.4
above, performs to the satisfaction of the Engineer
during the initial operation period of one month,
the Employer shall take over the work in
accordance with the Contract conditions. The
taking over shall not relieve the Contractor from
his responsibilities concerning the performance of
the system and maintenance responsibilities.

314.5 Poles and Mast Arms

314.5.1 General
The signal poles and mast arms shall be designed
to support the traffic signal loading as required by
the Engineer, specified herein or shown on the
drawings. The design and fabrication shall
conform to the requirements of the Standard
Specifications for the Structural Supports for
Highway Signs, Luminaries and Traffic Signals, as
published by the American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials. The
components of traffic signal poles and mast arms
shall meet the requirements specified herein.

The traffic signal poles and mast arms shall be of

durable, visually acceptable design and the poles
shall be installed on concrete foundation all as
approved by the Engineer.

Minimum distance between the center of the pole

and nearest pavement edge shall be 1.0 meter.

The clearance between top of pavement and

bottom of lowest vehicular signal head mounted
on mast arms shall be no less than 6 meters.

The horizontal distance between the free end of

the mast arm and the axis of the shaft shall not be
less than 4.5 meters.

314.5.2 Materials

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1. The poles and mast arms shall be made of

galvanized steel and as approved by the
Engineer with minimum outside diameter
of 11.4 cm. the poles shall be welded to
the base plate as shown on drawings.

2. The steel mast arm assembly and pole

shall consist of a mast arm assembly, a
pole, and a base, together with anchor
bolts and other appurtenances. The
configuration of the mast arm assembly,
pole, and base shall be as approved by the
Engineer.

3. The steel mast arm assembly and pole

shall be designed to support one 3 aspect-
300 mm signal head at the free end of the
mast arm, one 3aspect –300 mm signal
head mounted 3 meters inward on the
mast arm and two, 3aspect 210 mm signal
heads mounted 3 meters high on the shaft
or the signal loading shown on the plans,
whichever is greater, based on a 160
kilometer per hour wind velocity plus 30
percent gust factor.

4. The design and fabrication of the mast

arm assembly, pole, and the base shall
conform to the requirements of the
Standard Specifications for Structural
Supports for Highway Signs Luminaries
and Traffic Signals, as published by the
American Association of State highway
and Transportation Officials. No other
design criteria are acceptable. The mast
arm and pole shall be fabricated from
steel of structural quality with specific
ASTM designations, having minimum yield
strength of 48,000 psi, either of steel
tubing or from welded sheets and plates.
The base and flange plates shall be of
structural steel conforming to AASHTO M
183 or better as approved by the Engineer.

5. The mast arm and pole may be of single

length or sectional design. If sectional
design is used, the overlap shall be at least
150 percent of the maximum diameter of
the overlapping section and shall be
assembled in the factory. A handhold with
reinforced frame shall be provided on

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each pole near the base the handhold

cover shall be fastened with stainless steel
screws. All mast arm assemblies, poles
and bases, shall be galvanized in
accordance with AASHTO M 111.

6. The mast arm assembly shall be attached

to the pole in an angle from the horizontal
of 5 degrees unless otherwise directed by
the Engineer and shall provide the
minimum clearances specified herein.
When fully loaded with signal heads as
specified herein or as directed by the
Engineer, maximum deflection at the free
end of the mast arm shall not be more
than 5 centimeters.

314.6 Technical Support and Spares

314.6.1 Training and Technical Support
314.6.1.1 Training Requirements
As Part of This Contract the Contractor shall
prepare and conduct a training program for the
Employer’s personnel designated to undergo such
training for the eventual takeover by the Employer
of all operating and maintenance function of the
entire Traffic System. The Contractor shall conduct
the subject training program under the
supervision and to the satisfaction of the Employer
and the Engineer.

The Contractor, upon execution of the Contract,

shall prepare a detailed training program and time
schedule, and submit them to the Engineer for
approval.

Following the review, revision and approval of the

Engineer, the Contractor shall conduct the training
program in accordance with the approval time
schedule. It is essential that the training program
be completed to the satisfaction of the Engineer at
least one month ahead of the scheduled takeover
(final acceptance) by the employer of the
operating and maintenance functions.

The training program shall include theoretical

classroom training, Laboratory training, practical
field training and participation of the trainees in
installation, testing, start-up, operation and
maintenance of the Traffic System installed.

This shall be in two main work areas:

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a) Street equipment (signals, controllers,

transmission equipment, etc.)
b) Signal plan generation, etc. and general
traffic engineering as applied to traffic
signal design and operation.

The training program shall be conducted in

English.

314.6.1.2 Contractor’s Staff

One qualified Engineer shall be permanently
committed to the works for the full period of the
Contact. He shall provide both formal training and
continuous technical support to the employer’s
staff.

314.6.1.3 Employer Staff

It is the intention of the Employer to make
available to the Contractor a limited number of
technical Staff to work with the Contractor in the
installation and testing of all site equipment.

It is also the intention of the Employer to make

available to the Contractor Staff to assist in the
supervision of traffic surveys and in the
development traffic plans. The Contractor will be
encouraged to make full use of their assistance.

314.6.1.4 Plan Generation

The Contractor is to undertake full pedestrian and
vehicular surveys between two and four weeks
after completing a new signal installation. With
this new data the Contractor is to update signal
plans and timings for all periods throughout the
week. The timings are to be optimized for capacity
and delay.

314.6.2 Maintenance Equipment

1. The Contractor is to prepare, in
conjunction with the Employer a report
which outlines the requirements to enable
it to effectively undertake the
maintenance of the installations at the
conclusion of the projects. The report will
identify the appropriate staffing levels and
experience required to adequately
undertake the additional tasks.

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2. The report will specify, including costs, all

other items necessary to the Employer for
the efficient maintenance operation. This
is likely to include, but not be limited to:
- Storage system for spares.
- Spares inventory procedure.
- Small equipped workshop for repair.
- Adequate tools and equipment.
- Electrical tester’s equipment.
- Vehicles “equipped for repair work”.
- Radio linkage to vehicle.

3. The report is to be completed within 2 – 3

weeks of the commencement of the
Contract and is to be submitted to the
Engineer for approval.

4. On the approval of the Engineer the

Contractor is to provide and install all such
equipment as considered necessary. The
Employer is responsible for providing the
appropriate office stores and workshop
space.

314.6.3 Spares
The Contractor shall supply spare equipment in
the numbers specified in the bill of quantities.

The spares shall be handed over to the Employer

on issue of the Certificate of completion for the
first section of the works. The Contractor may
draw upon the stock of spares to meet his
obligations during the warranty period, but shall
replace each item used within 6 weeks. The stock
(including consumables) shall be complete at the
time of issue of the final Certificate.

314.7 Method of Measurement

The measurement of traffic signals shall be in
number of complete traffic signal and shall include
supply, installation, foundation, signal poles,
controllers, lamps, underground cables, wiring etc.

Signal Controller No
Signal Heads and Pedestrian Push Buttons No
Installation of Poles and Mast Arms No
Electrical Manhole No

314.9 Rates

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The Contract unit rate shall be payment in full for

the cost of making the traffic signal and shall
include supply, installation, foundation, signal
poles, controllers, lamps, underground cables,
wiring etc., and all other incidentals to complete
the work in accordance with the Specifications.

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Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

SECTION 4: CONCRETE WORKS ‫ امور کانکریت‬:4 ‫بخش‬

401 Structural Concrete ‫ کانکریت ساختمانی‬401

401.1 Scope of Work ‫ محدوده کاری‬401.1
The work shall consist of furnishing and placing ‫کارها مشتمل بر ریخت واکمال کانکریت‬
structural concrete and incidental construction in ‫ساختمانی و ساختار های مربوطه آن که‬
accordance with these Specifications and in ،‫باید مطابق به این مشخصات و خطوط‬
conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions, ‫ارتفاعات و ابعاد نشانداده شده در‬
as shown on the drawings or as directed by the .‫نقشه هاویا طبق هدایت انجنیر باشد‬
Engineer.

401.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬401.2

401.2.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬401.2.1
Materials to be used in the work shall conform to ‫موادیکه در امور کانکریت ریزی استفاده‬
the specifications mentioned on the drawings, the ‫میشود باید با مشخصات ارائه شده در‬
requirements laid down in this section and ‫نقشه ها و شرایط که در بخش مربوطه‬
specifications for relevant items of work covered ‫دربر دارد صدق‬ ‫که تحت این مشخصات‬
under these specifications. .‫نماید‬

401.2.2 Sources of materials ‫ منابع مواد‬401.2.2

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer of his ‫قراردادی قبل از انتقال مواد باید‬
proposed sources of materials prior to delivery. If .‫انجنیر را از منبع مواد اگاه سازد‬
it is found after trial that sources of supply ‫اگر بعد از انتقال معلوم شود که این‬
previously approved do not produce uniform and ‫منبع قبال تثبیت شده که مواد را به‬
satisfactory products, or if the product from any ،‫صورت منظم ورضایت بخش تولید نمیکرد‬
‫ویا از هر منبع در هر زمان مواد آن‬
other source proves unacceptable at any time, the
‫ قراردادی باید به مصرف‬،‫قابل قبول نشد‬
Contractor shall furnish acceptable material from
.‫خود مواد را از منبع دیگر تهیه نماید‬
other sources at his own expense.

401.2.3 Cement ‫ سمنت‬401.2.3

Cement to be used in the works shall comply with ‫سمنت که در امور کانکریت ریزی استفاده‬
the requirement specified in AASHTO M85, ASTM AASHTO ‫میشود باید شرایط تعین شده‬
C150 or equivalent subject to the prior approval of ‫ و یا معادل آن که قبال‬ASTM C150 ،M85
the Engineer. The following 10 types of Portland ‫توسط انجنیر پذیرفته شده باشد صدق‬
cement are specified in AASHTO M85. ‫ نوع سمنت پورتلند در جدول ذیل‬10 .‫کند‬
‫ مشخص شده است‬AASHTO M85 ‫در‬
Table 401-1 Applicable Type of Cement (AASHTO ‫ انواع سمنت ها تطبیقی‬1-401 ‫جدول‬
M85) (AASHTO M85)
No. Type Applicability
(i) Type For use when the special properties
I specified for any other type are not
required.
(ii) Type Air-entraining cement for the same
IA uses as Type I, where air-

218 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

entrainment is desired.
(iii) Type For general use, more especially
II when moderate sulfate resistance is
desired.
(iv) Type Air-entraining cement for the same
IIA uses as Type II, where air-
entrainment is desired.
(v) Type II For general use, more especially
(MH) when moderate heat of hydration
and moderate sulfate resistance are
desired.
(vi) Type II Air-entraining cement for the same
(MH)A uses as Type II (MH), where air-
entrainment is desired.
(vii) Type For use when high early strength is
III desired
(viii) Type Air-entraining cement for the same
IIIA use as Type III, where air-
entrainment is desired.
(ix) Type For use when low heat of hydration
IV is desired.
(x) Type For use when high sulfate resistance
V is desired.

401.2.4 Coarse aggregates ‫ جغل‬401.2.4

For plain and reinforced cement concrete (PCC and ‫برای امور کانکریت ریزی بدون سیخ و‬
RCC) or pre-stressed concrete (PSC) works, coarse ‫( ویا کانکریت پیش‬PCC & RCC) ‫سیخدار‬
aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong, ،‫( دانه جغل آن باید پاک‬PSC) ‫ریخت‬
dense, non-porous and durable pieces of crushed ،‫ بدون منفذ‬،‫ متراکم‬،‫ مقاوم‬،‫سخت‬
stone, crushed gravel, natural gravel or a suitable ‫ جغل میده‬،‫دوامدار از سنگهای خورد شده‬
combination thereof or other approved inert ‫ جغل طبیعی ویا از ترکیب مناسب‬،‫شده‬
material. They shall not contain pieces of ‫آنها و یا ازمواد غیر فعال (در تعامل‬
disintegrated stones, soft, flaky, elongated ‫ نباید از سنگ‬.‫کیمیاوی) تصدیق شده‬
،‫ نمک‬،‫ طویل‬،‫ پهن‬،‫ نرم‬،‫تجزیه شدنی‬
particles, salt, alkali, vegetable matter or other
‫ ماده عضوی ویا مواد تخریب‬،‫القلی‬
deleterious materials in such quantities as to
‫کننده بمقداری که مقاومت و مداومت‬
reduce the strength and durability of the concrete,
‫کانکریت را کاهش دهد ویا باعث صدمه‬
or to attack the steel reinforcement. Coarse ‫ جغل دارای‬.‫به سیخ های تقویتی‬
aggregate having positive alkali-silica reaction shall .‫القلیسیکا مثیت نباید استفاده شود‬
not be used. All coarse aggregates shall conform to AASHTO M80, ‫تمام جغلها باید با‬
AASHTO M80, ASTM C33 or other equivalent ‫ ویا معیارهای بین المللی‬ASTM C33
international standard approved by the Engineer. .‫معادل تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق کند‬

401.2.5 Fine aggregates ‫ ریگ‬401.2.5

For plain and reinforced cement concrete (PCC and ‫برای امور کانکریت ریزی بدون سیخ و‬
RCC) or pre-stressed concrete (PSC) works, fine ‫( ویا کانکریت پیش‬PCC & RCC) ‫سیخدار‬

219 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong and ،‫ سخت‬،‫( زره ریگ آن باید پاک‬PSC) ‫ریخت‬
durable pieces of crushed stone, crushed gravel, or ،‫ دوامدار از سنگهای خورد شده‬،‫مقاوم‬
a suitable combination of natural sand, crushed ‫ ویا از ترکیب مناسب ریگ‬،‫جغل میده شده‬
stone or gravel. They shall not contain dust, lumps, ‫ جغل میده شده‬،‫ سنگهای خورد شده‬،‫طبیعی‬
soft or flaky, materials, mica or other deleterious ‫مواد‬،‫ کلوخه‬،‫ نباید دارای گرد‬.‫باشد‬
‫میکا ویا دیگرمواد تخریب‬،‫نرم و پهن‬
materials in such quantities as to reduce the
‫کننده بمقداری که مقاومت و مداومت‬
strength and durability of the concrete, or to
‫کانکریت را کاهش دهد ویا باعث صدمه‬
attack the embedded steel. Motorized sand ‫ از ریگ‬.‫به فوالد بین کانکریت شود باشد‬
washing machines should be used to remove ‫ماشینی برای دور ساختن مواد‬ ‫شوی‬
impurities from sand. Fine aggregate having ‫ ریگ دارای‬.‫ناخالص از ریگ استفاده شود‬
positive alkali-silica reaction shall not be used. All ‫القلیسیکا مثیت نباید استفاده شود که‬
fine aggregates shall conform to AAHTO M06, AASHTO M06, ASTM ‫تمام ریگها باید با‬
ASTM C33 or other equivalent international ‫ ویا معیارهای بین المللی معادل‬C33
standard approved by the Engineer. .‫تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق کند‬

401.2.6 Water ‫ آب‬401.2.6

Water used for mixing and curing shall be clean ‫آب که برای مخلوط کردن و آبدهی بکار‬
and free from injurious amounts of oils, acids, ‫میرود باید عاری از اندازه مضره‬
alkalis, salts, sugar, organic materials or other ،‫ نمکیات‬،‫ القلی ها‬،‫ تیزاب ها‬،‫روغنیات‬
substances that may be deleterious to concrete or ‫ مواد عضوی ویا عناصر دیگر که‬،‫قند ها‬
steel. Potable water is generally considered ‫باعث تخریب مقاومت و مداومت کانکریت‬
‫ در مجموع آب‬.‫وسیخ های تقویتی باشد‬
satisfactory for mixing concrete. Mixing and curing
‫ وآب‬.‫آشامیدنی برای مخلوط مناسب است‬
with sea water shall not be permitted. As a guide,
‫بحر برای مخلوط کردن و آبدهی مجاز‬
the following concentrations represent the ‫ به شکل رهنما در ذیل اندازه‬.‫نیست‬
maximum permissible values: ‫اعظمی مجاز ارائه شده‬
a) To neutralize 200 ml sample of water using ‫ ملی لیتر نمونه آب با‬200 ‫) برای‬a
phenolphthalein as an indicator, it should ‫منحیث‬ ‫فینولفتالین‬ ‫استفاده‬
not require more than 2 ml of 0.1 normal ‫ نباید‬،)‫معین کننده (اندیکیتر‬
NaOH. – 0.1 ‫ ملی لیتر از‬2 ‫بیشتر‬
‫ نورمال باشد‬NaOH
b) To neutralize 200 ml sample of water using
methyl orange as an indicator, it should ‫ ملی لیتر نمونه آب با‬200 ‫) برای‬b
not require more than 10 ml of 0.1 normal ‫منحیث‬ ‫میتایالورنج‬ ‫استفاده‬
HCl. ‫ نباید‬،)‫معین کننده (اندیکیتر‬
– 0.1 ‫ ملی لیتر از‬10 ‫بیشتر‬
.‫ نورمال باشد‬HCL

401.2.7 Admixtures ‫ افزودنی ها‬401.2.7

Admixtures are materials added to the concrete ‫افزودنی ها مواد است که به کانکریت‬
before or during mixing with a view to modify one ‫قبل و در جریان مخلوط کردن برای تغیر‬
or more of the properties of concrete in the plastic ‫یکی ویا چندین خواص کانکریت در حالت‬
or hardened state. ‫ افزودنی ها‬.‫نرم ویا سخت عالوه میگردد‬
Concrete admixtures are proprietary items of ،‫کانکریت مواد مشخص تولید کننده است‬
‫وباید از تولید کننده های که دارای‬
manufacture and shall be obtained only from
‫تسهیالت‬ ‫و‬ ‫کیفیت‬ ‫تضمین‬ ،‫مجوز‬
established manufacturers with proven track

220 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

record, quality assurance and full fledged .‫البراتواری تصدیق شده تهیه گردد‬
laboratory facilities for the manufacture and ‫قراردادی باید معلومات ذیل را راجع‬
testing of concrete. The contractor shall provide ‫به افزودنی بعد ازبن که از تولیدکننده‬
the following information concerning each :‫بدست آورد تهیه نمایید‬
admixture after obtaining the same from the ‫) اندازه نورمال و تاءثیرات منفی‬a
manufacturer: .‫که اگر کم و یا زیاد باشد‬
a) Normal dosage and detrimental effects, if
any, of under dosage and over dosage. ‫) نام های کیمیاوی مواد متشکله‬b
‫افزودنی‬
b) The chemical names of the main
ingredients in the admixtures. ‫ اگر موجود‬،‫) اندازه کلوراید‬c
‫باشد و به شکل فیصدی نظر به‬
.‫وزن مواد افزودنی ارئه شود‬
c) The chloride content, if any, expressed as
a percentage by the weight of the
‫ اندازه‬، ‫) اندازه مواد خشک‬d
admixture.
‫خاکستر و کثافت نسبتی مواد‬
‫افزودنی که برای یکنواختی‬
d) Values of dry material content, ash ‫شده‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫آزمایشات‬
content and relative density of the .‫میتواند‬
admixture which can be used for
Uniformity Tests. ‫) آیا با عالوه نمودن اندازه‬e
‫نورمال مواد افزودنی سبب تشکیل‬
e) Whether or not the admixture leads to the ‫ اگر میشود‬،‫حباب میشود یا خیر‬
entertainment of air when used as per the ‫به چه اندازه‬
manufacturer's recommended dosage,
and if so to what extent ‫) هرگاه دویا بیشتر مواد افزودنی‬f
‫ تصدیق همخوانی‬،‫ترکیب میشود‬
f) Where two or more admixtures are ‫آنها‬
proposed to be used in any one mix,
confirmation as to their compatibility. ‫) ازدیاد چالش زنگ زدن سیخ های‬g
‫تقویتی و دیگر فلزات بین‬
g) There would be no increase in risk of ‫کانکریت با استفاده از مواد‬
corrosion of the reinforcement or other ‫افزودنی‬
embedment as a result of using the
‫افزودنیها قبل از استعمال در کانکریت‬
admixture.
‫ کلسیم‬.‫باید توسط انجنیر تصدیق شود‬
‫کلوراید ویا افزودنی که کلوراید‬
Admixtures to be used in concrete shall be subject
‫داشته ویا به عبارت دیگر مواد ناخالص‬
to prior approval by the Engineer. ‫که از مواد متشکله افزودنی نباید در‬
Calcium chloride or admixtures containing ‫ در کانکریت که‬،‫کانکریت پیشریخت‬
chloride from other than impurities from ‫المونیم جابجا میشود و یا کانکریت که‬
admixture ingredients shall not be used in pre- ‫در قالب های روبه جستی داشته استفاده‬
stressed concrete, in concrete containing ‫ افزودنی تشکیل دهنده حباب باید‬.‫شود‬
embedded aluminum, or in concrete cast against ‫ ویا معیارهای‬AASHTO M154 ‫با شرایط‬
stay-in-place galvanized metal forms. ‫بین المللی معادل تصدیق شده انجنیر‬
Air-entraining admixtures shall conform to the ‫ افزودنی های کیمیاوی باید‬.‫صدق کند‬
requirements of AASHTO M154 or other ‫ "مشخصات‬AASHTO M194 (ASTM C260) ‫با‬

221 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

equivalent international standard approved by the ‫معیاری برای افزودنیهای تشکیل دهنده‬
Engineer. ‫حباب کانکریت" ویا معیارهای بین‬
Chemical admixtures, if specified or permitted, ‫المللی معادل تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق‬
shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO .‫کند‬
M194 (ASTM C260) “Standard Specification for Air-
Entraining Admixtures for Concrete” or other
equivalent international standard approved by the
Engineer.

401.2.8 Storage of Materials ‫مواد‬ ‫ ذخیره کردن‬401.2.8

401.2.8.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬401.2.8.1
All materials may be stored at proper places so as ‫برای اطمینان کیفیت و‬ ‫تمام مواد‬
to prevent their deterioration or intrusion by ‫جلوگیری از آسیب دیدن و خراب شدن‬
foreign matter and to ensure their satisfactory ‫توسط مادۀ اجنبی میتوان در جای مناسب‬
quality and fitness for the work. The storage space ‫ گدام باید به اندازه کافی‬.‫ذخیره کرد‬
must also permit easy inspection, removal and re- ‫ تخلیه و‬،‫فضای که به ساده گی برسی‬
.‫انجام شده بتواند‬ ‫دوباره ذخیره‬
storage of the materials. All such materials even
‫تمام مواد برعالوه اینکه در جای مناسب‬
though stored in approved godowns/places, must
‫ذخیره شده باشد قبل از استفاده باید‬
be subjected to acceptance test prior to their
.‫چک شود‬
immediate use.

401.2.8.2 Aggregates ‫ جغل‬401.2.8.2

Aggregate stockpiles may be made on ground that ‫جغل باید ممکن در روی زمین ذخیره‬
is denuded of vegetation, is hard and well drained. ‫میشود واز نمو علف با سخت کردن و میل‬
If necessary, the ground shall be covered with 50 ‫دادن برای دورساختن آب جلوگیری‬
mm plank. Coarse aggregates, unless otherwise ‫ اگر ضرورت شود باید سطح زمین‬.‫نماییم‬
agreed by the Engineer in writing, shall be .‫ ملی متر تخته فرش شود‬50 ‫را به ضخامت‬
delivered to the site in separate sizes (2 sizes when ‫ ملی متر‬25 ‫ سایز‬2(‫جغل به سایز مختلف‬
nominal size is 25 mm or less and 3 sizes when the ‫ ملی متر ویا‬32 ‫ سایز که‬3 ‫ویا کمتر‬
nominal size is 32 mm or more). Aggregates placed ‫بیشتر) باید به شکل جداگانه به ساحه‬
directly on the ground shall not be removed from ‫ اما اگرانجنیر به شکل‬.‫انتقال گردد‬
the stockpile within 300 mm of the ground until ‫ جغل که‬.‫تحریری موافقه کرده باشد‬
‫مستقیما باالی زمین انبار شده باید از‬
the final cleaning up of the work, and then only the
‫ به پایین الی پاک کاری‬300 mm ‫ارتفاع‬
clean aggregate will be permitted to be used. In
‫ بعدا صرف جغل های‬.‫نهایی برداشته نشود‬
the case of fine aggregates, these shall be
‫ در خصوص‬.‫پاک قابل استفاده میباشد‬
deposited at the mixing site not less than 8 hours
‫ ساعت قبل از مخلوط باید در‬8 ‫ ریگ‬،‫ریگ‬
before use and shall have been tested and
‫ساحه موجود وباید آزمایش شده و توسط‬
approved by the Engineer.
.‫انجنیر تصدیق شود‬

401.2.8.3 Cement ‫ سمنت‬401.2.8.3

Cement shall be transported, handled and stored ‫سمنت انتقال ودر ساحه طوری ذخیره شود‬
on the site in such a manner as to avoid ‫ سمنت باید‬.‫که خراب ویا ملوث نشود‬
deterioration or contamination. Cement shall be ‫باالتر از سطح زمین پوشانده ودور از‬
stored above ground level in perfectly dry and ‫ خریطه ارتفاع آن‬8 ‫نم و رطوبت و از‬
‫سمنت‬ ‫ هرگاه‬.‫زیاد نشده ذخیره گردد‬

222 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

water-tight sheds and shall be stacked not more ‫بدون خریطه در کانتینر نگهداری وذخیره‬
than eight bags high. Wherever bulk storage ‫ بنابر شروط الزمی کانتینر ها‬،‫میگردد‬
containers are used their capacity should be ‫ ماه پاک کاری شود‬4 ‫ الی‬3 ‫باید در هر‬
sufficient to cater to the requirement at site and ‫وهر انتقاالت باید جداگانه ذخیرهشود تا‬
should be cleaned at least once every 3 to 4 ‫به ساده گی برسی و بترتیب انتقاالت از‬
‫ هر یک انتقاالت و یا‬.‫آستفاده شود‬
months. Each consignment shall be stored
‫کانتینر که سمنت آن به هر صورتی خراب‬
separately so that it may be readily identified and
‫شده باشد از آن استفاده نشده و از‬
inspected and cement shall be used in the .‫ساحه به مصرف خود قراردادی دور شود‬
sequence in which it is delivered at site. Any ‫قراردادی باید در ساحه یک ژورنال را‬
consignment or pan of a consignment of cement ،‫انتقاالت‬ ‫برای یاداشت درست ومنظم‬
which had deteriorated in any way, during storage, ‫ذخیره و استفاده سمنت تهیه و مراقبت‬
shall not be used in the works and shall be ‫ واین ژورنال هر وقت زمان باید‬.‫کند‬
removed from the site by the Contractor without .‫برای برسی انجنیر در ساحه موجود باشد‬
charge to the Employer. The Contractor shall ‫قراردادی باید برای تصدیق کردن ژورنال‬
prepare and maintain proper records on site in ‫در اخیر هر ماه به تاریخ معینه نزد‬
respect of delivery, handling, storage and use of ،‫انجنیر رفته ومقادیر سمنت رسیده‬
cement and these records shall be available for ‫توزیع و متباقی در گدام را توسط وی‬
.‫تصدیق کند‬
inspection by the Engineer at all times. The
Contractor shall make a monthly return to the
Engineer on the date corresponding to the interim
certificate date, showing the quantities of cement
received and issued during the month and in stock
at the end of the month.

401.2.8.4 Water ‫ آب‬401.2.8.4

Water shall be stored in containers/tanks covered ‫آب باید در تانکر و با دیگر ذخیره با‬
at top and cleaned at regular intervals in order to ‫سرپوشیده و در محدوده های زمانی پاک‬
prevent intrusion by foreign matter or growth of ‫کاری کردد تا از نمو ماده عضوی و یا‬
organic matter. Water from shallow, muddy or .‫جا گرفتن مواد اجنبی جلوگیری نماید‬
marshy surface shall not be permitted. The intake ‫ گل آلود و گندیده خوداری‬،‫از آب سطحی‬
‫ انجام دخولی نل آب باید بسته شود‬.‫شود‬
pipe shall be enclosed to exclude silt, mud, grass
‫ سبزه ودیگر مواد جامد‬،‫ گل‬،‫که سیلت‬
and other solid materials and there shall be a
‫ نل‬0.6 m ‫را دورساخته و همیشه حد اقل‬
minimum depth of 0.60 m of water below the .‫دخولی از بستر بلند باشد‬
intake at all times.

401.2.9 Tests and standard of acceptance ‫ آزمایشات و معیار قابل قبول‬401.2.9

All materials, even though stored in an approved ‫ حتی مواد که به شکل درست‬،‫تمام مواد‬
manner shall be subjected to an acceptance test ‫ومناسب ذخیره شده قبل ازاستفاده باید‬
prior to their immediate use. Independent testing ‫ قبل از‬.‫تحت آزمایش پذیرش قراز گیرد‬
of cement for every consignment shall be done by ‫استفاده آزمایشی جداگانه برای سمنت‬
the Contractor at site in the laboratory approved ‫واز هر بار انتقال آن توسط البراتوار‬
‫ هر سمنتی‬.‫مورد قبول انجنیر صورت گیرد‬
by the Engineer before use. Any cement with
‫که کیفیت آن نظر به تصدیق نامه تولید‬
lower quality than those shown in manufacturer's
‫کننده ضعیف تر باشد باید استفاده‬
certificate shall be debarred from use. In case of
‫ در صورتیکه سمنت وارد میشود‬.‫نشود‬
imported cement, the same series of tests shall be

223 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

carried out before acceptance. .‫بازهم عینا سلسله آزمایشات طی شود‬

401.2.9.1 Testing and Approval of Material ‫ آزمایش و تصدیق مواد‬401.2.9.1

The Contractor shall furnish test certificates from ‫قراردادی با انتقال هر مواد به ساحه‬
the manufacturer/supplier of materials along with ‫باید تصدیق آزمایشات آن را همراه‬
each batch of material(s) delivered to site. The ‫ قراردادی به اساس مشخصات‬.‫داشته باشد‬
Contractor shall set up a field laboratory with ‫مربوطه وشرایط قرارداد باید تسهیالت‬
necessary equipment for testing of all materials, ‫البراتواری برای آزمایش هر نوع مواد و‬
‫ تمام‬.‫تولید ساختمانی مهیا سازد‬
finished products used in the construction as per
‫آزمایشات باید در حضور انجنیر ویا‬
requirements of conditions of contract and the
‫نماینده وی اجراء وتمام تنظیمات‬
relevant specifications. The testing of all the .‫میباشد‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ‫بدوش‬ ‫ومصارف‬
materials shall be witnessed by the Engineer or his ‫آزمایشات که در البراتوار ساحوی امکان‬
representative for whom the Contractor shall ‫پذیر نباشد باید به البراتوار معتبر‬
make all the necessary arrangements and bear the ‫ویا تصدیق شده انجنیر و به مصرف‬
entire cost. Tests which cannot be carried out in .‫قراردادی اجراء گردد‬
the field laboratory have to be got done at the
Contractor's cost at any recognized laboratory /
testing establishments approved by the Engineer.

401.2.9.2 Sampling of Materials ‫ نمونه گیری مواد‬401.2.9.2

Samples provided to the Engineer or his ‫نمونه که برای نظارت انجنیر وبا‬
representative for their retention, are to be in ‫نماینده وی تهیه میشود باید در بکس‬
labeled boxes suitable for storage. Samples .‫های مخصوص لیبل شده نگهداری شود‬
required for approval and testing must be supplied ‫نمونه که برای آزمایش و تصدیق ضرورت‬
well in advance by at least 48 hours or minimum ‫ ساعت قبل ویا حد اقل مدت‬48 ‫است باید‬
period required for carrying out relevant tests to .‫زمان قبل از آزمایش مربوطه برده شود‬
‫مسله تاخیر کار اکثرا بنا بر ناوقت‬
allow for testing and approval. Delay to works
‫تسلیم نمونه برخواسته اما این دلیل‬
arising from the late submission of samples will
‫ اگر مواد‬.‫عقب مانی مورد قبول نمیباشد‬
not be acceptable as a reason for delay in the
‫از خارج آورده شده باشد مصارف نمونه‬
completion of the works. If materials are brought ‫گیری و آزمایش آن اگر در افغانستان‬
from abroad, the cost of sampling/testing whether .‫باشد ویا خارج بدوش قراردادی میباشد‬
in Afghanistan or abroad shall be borne by the
Contractor.

401.2.9.3 Rejection of Materials not Conforming ‫ رد کردن موادیکه با مشخصات‬401.2.9.3

to the Specifications ‫تطابق ندارد‬
Any stack or batch of material(s) of which ‫هر انبار موادیکه نمونه آن با‬
sample(s) does not conform to the prescribed tests ‫آزمایشات وکیفیت تعین شده صدق نکند و‬
and quality shall be rejected by the Engineer or his ‫توسط انجنیر ویا نماینده آن باید رد‬
representative and such materials shall be ‫و مواد از ساحه به مصرف قراردادی دور‬
removed from site by the Contractor at his own ‫ به‬،‫ مواد رد شده که با تغیردادن‬.‫شود‬
.‫هیچ صورت نباید پذیرفته شود‬
cost. Such rejected materials shall not be made
acceptable by any modifications.

401.2.9.4 Testing and Approval of Plant and ‫تصدیق‬ ‫و‬ ‫آزمایش‬ 401.2.9.4

224 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Equipment ‫دستگاه(پالنت) و تجهیزات‬

All plants and equipment used for preparing, ‫تمام دستگاه ها وتجهیزات که برای‬
testing and production of materials for ‫ آزمایش وتولید موادیکه در کار‬،‫تهیه‬
incorporation into the permanent works shall be in ‫بشکل دایمی باقی میماند باید مطابق‬
accordance with manufacturer's specifications ‫مشخصاتی تولید کننده وقبل ازاستفاده‬
and shall be got approved by the Engineer before .‫توسط انجنیر تصدیق سده باشد‬
use.

401.3 Grade of Concrete and their use ‫ جنسیت های (درجات) کانکریت و‬401.3
‫موارد استفاده آنها‬
The following grades of concrete shall be used ‫طوری عموم از کانکریت با جنسیت‬
unless otherwise shown on the Drawings or ‫های(درجات) ذیل استفاده میشود بغیراز‬
directed by the Engineer. ‫این که در نقشه ها نشانداده شده ویا‬
.‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد‬
Table 401-2 Classification of Concrete ‫ صنف بندی‬401-2 ‫جدول‬
‫کانکریت‬
Compressive
Strength
Grade

(MPa)

Application

Reinforced concrete
superstructures and heavily
reinforced substructures, such
as girders, beams, slabs,
C24

24

columns, box culverts,

abutments, piers, retaining
walls, footings, cast-in-situ
bored piles, etc.
Reinforced concrete
substructures such as
C21

21

foundations, piers, abutments,

retaining walls, etc.

Unreinforced or lightly
reinforced structures such as
C18

footings, pedestals, gravity

18

retaining walls, secondary

concrete, etc.
Leveling or blinding, concrete,
backfill concrete, etc.
C15

15

225 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Compressive Strength shall be based on the ‫مقاومت فشاری باید به اساس مقاومت‬
compressive strength test on Cylindrical Concrete ‫فشاری که از آزمایش نمونه استوانه یی‬
Specimens in accordance with AASHTO T22 or ‫ و یا معیار‬AASHTO T22 ‫(سلندر) مطابق‬
other equivalent international standard approved ‫معادل بین المللی که تصدیق شده انجنیر‬
by the Engineer. ‫ کانکریت باید به شرایط داده‬.‫باشد‬
The concrete shall meet the requirement given in ‫جدول ذیل صدق کند‬
the following table.
Table 401-3 Requirement for each grade of ‫ شرایط الزمی برای‬401-3 ‫جدول‬
concrete ‫هرجنسیت کانکریت‬

Grade
C24
C21
C18
C15
Description
Minimum compressive strength
at 28 days by cylinder test (MPa)
24
21
18
15

*1

Maximum size of coarse

20/25/40
20/25/40
20/25/40
20/25

aggregate (mm)

Consistency range of slump (mm)

50 – 100
50 – 100
50 – 100
50 – 100

*2

Minimum cement content

(kg/m3)
350
320
300
280

Maximum water cement ratio

W/C
0.50
0.52
0.55
0.60

Notes: :‫نوت‬
‫ مقاومت فشاری باید به اساس مقاومت‬:1*
*1: Compressive strength tests shall conform to the ‫فشاری که از آزمایش نمونه استوانه یی‬
requirement of AASHTO T22, ASTM C39 or ASTM ، AASHTO T22 ‫(سلندر) مطابق‬
equivalent .‫ و یا معادل آن صدق کند‬C39
AASHTO ‫ سلمپ(نشست) باید به اساس‬:2*
*2: Slump shall be determined in accordance with
‫ و یا معادل آن تعین‬T119, ASTM C143
AASHTO T119, ASTM C143 or equivalent.
‫شود‬

401.4 Proportioning of Concrete ‫ تناسب مخلوط کانکریت‬401.4

Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor ‫قبل از آغاز کار ساختمان قراردادی‬
shall design the mix in case of “Design Mix ‫باید مخلوط را دیزاین (در صورتیکه‬
Concrete” and submit to the Engineer for ‫نوع کانکریت مخلوط دیزاین شده‬

226 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

approval, the proportions of materials, including ‫تناسب‬ ‫باشد) کرده و برای تصدیق‬
admixtures to be used. Water-reducing ،‫مواد بشمول افزودنی مورد استفاده‬
admixtures (including plasticizers or super- ‫ همچنان‬.‫به انجنیر پیشنهاد کند‬
plasticizers) may be used at the Contractor’s ‫افزودنی کاهش دهنده آب (بشمول‬
option, subject to the approval of the Engineer. ‫نرمکننده ساده ونرم کننده فوق‬
Other types of admixtures shall be prohibited, ‫العاده) ممکن استفاده شود تصدیق‬
unless specifically permitted by the Engineer. ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬.‫شود‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫انجنیر‬
‫انواع دیگر افزودنی هاخوداری شود‬
‫مگر انجنیر طوری خاص اجازه داده‬
.‫باشد‬

401.4.1 Requirements of Consistency ‫ شرایط الزمی یکنواختی‬401.4.1

The mix shall have the consistency which will allow ‫مخلوط باید یکنواخت بوده تا ریخت‬
proper placement and consolidation in the .‫وتراکم صحیح به شکل الزم آن صورت گیرد‬
required position. Every attempt shall be made to ‫هر تالش باید انجام شود تا به شکل منظم‬
obtain uniform consistency. .‫مخلوط یکنواخت بدست بیاید‬

401.4.2 Requirements for Designed Mixes ‫ شرایط الزمی مخلوط های دیزاین‬401.4.2
‫شده‬
The Contractor shall give notice to enable the ‫قراردادی باید انجنیر را مطلع سازد‬
Engineer to be present at the making of trial mixes ‫تا در پروسه آزمایش نمونه های دیزاین‬
and preliminary testing of the specimens. The ‫ قراردادی باید‬.‫مخلوط حضور داشته باشد‬
Contractor shall prepare trial mixes, using samples ‫نمونه های متعدد برای دیزاین مخلوط‬
of approved materials typical of those he proposes ‫از مواد پذیرفته که برای هرکار مورد‬
‫نظر به اساس رضایت انجنیر قبل از‬
to use in the works, for all classes to the Engineer’s
‫ آزمایش اولیه‬.‫استفاده تهیه نماید‬
satisfaction prior to commencement of concreting.
‫نمونه های دیزاین اولیه مخلوط باید‬
The initial trial mixes shall generally be carried out
‫در البراتوار پذیرفته شده انجنیر انجام‬
in an established laboratory approved by the ‫آزمایش‬ ‫انجنیراجازه‬ ‫استثنا‬ .‫شود‬
Engineer. In exceptional cases, the Engineer may ‫اولیه نمونه های دیزاین اولیه مخلوط‬
permit the initial trial mixes to be prepared at the ‫را در البراتوار ساحوی قراردادی میدهد‬
site laboratory of the Contractor, if a full fledged ‫ مواد متشکله‬،‫اگر البراتوار ایجاد شده‬
concrete laboratory has been established well ‫مخلوط قبل ازآزمایش دیزاین مخلوط مورد‬
before testing of materials forming the ‫ روش های نمونه گیری‬.‫نظر چک شده باشد‬
constituents of proposed design mix shall have AASHTO T23 ‫و آزمایش باید مطابق با‬
been carried out prior to making trial mixes. AASHTO R39 (ASTM ، (ASTM C31)
Sampling and testing procedures shall be in ‫ و یا‬AASHTO T22 (ASTM C39) ‫ و‬C192)
accordance with AASHTO T23 (ASTM C31), ‫معیار معادل بین المللی که تصدیق شده‬
AASHTO R39 (ASTM C192) and AASHTO T22 (ASTM ‫ نمونه های آزمایش از‬.‫انجنیر باشد‬
C39), or other equivalent international standard ‫نمونه های متعدد مخلوط قرار ذیل گرفته‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫میشود‬
Test specimens shall be taken from trial mixes as ‫برای هر مخلوط حد اقل ست شش دانه یی‬
‫سلندر برای سه مخلوط پی در پی دستگاه‬
follows. For each mix, at least set of six cylindrical
‫ حد اقل سه دانه سلندر از‬.‫گرفته شود‬
specimens shall be made from each of three
‫روزه‬ 28 ‫هر ست شش دانه یی در عمر‬
consecutive batches. At least three specimens
‫باید تحت آزمایش قرار گرفته و سه دیگر‬
from each set of six shall be tested at an age of 28

227 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

days and three at an age 7days or approved by the ‫ روز در وقت معین تثبیت‬28 ‫آن قبل از‬
Engineer. The specimens shall be made, cured, ‫ نمونه‬.‫شده توسط انجنیر انجام شود‬
stored, transported and tested in accordance with ،‫ آبدهی‬،‫مطابق مشخصات باید تهیه‬
these Specifications. The average strength of all ‫ اوسط مقاومت‬.‫شود‬ ‫انتقال و آزمایش‬
the specimens at 28 days shall exceed the ‫فشاری نمونه ها باید از قاومت فشاری‬
.‫مشخص شده برسد‬
specified compressive strength.

401.4.3 Additional Requirements ‫ شرایط الزمی اضافی‬401.4.3

Concrete shall meet with any other requirements ‫کانکریت باید با شرایط دیگر مشخص شده‬
as specified on the drawing or as directed by the .‫در نقشه ویا هدایت انجنیر صدق نماید‬
Engineer. Additional requirements shall also ‫شرایط اضافی همچنان باید شامل حدود‬
consist of the following overall limits of deleterious ‫ذیل برای همه عناصر مضره در کانکریت‬
substances in concrete: :‫باشد‬

a) The total chloride content of all constituents of ‫مواد‬ ‫در‬ ‫مجموعی‬ ‫کلوراید‬ )a(
concrete as a percentage of mass of cement in ‫متشکله در کانکریت نظر به‬
mix shall be limited to values given below: ‫فیصدی کتله سمنت در مخلوط باید‬
:‫در حدود مقادیر ذیل باشد‬
Pre-stressed Concrete 0.06 percent
Reinforced concrete exposed to 0.15 percent
chlorides in service (e.g.
structures located near sea
coast)
Reinforced concrete that will be 1.00 percent
dry or protected from moisture
in service
Other reinforced concrete 0.30 percent
construction

b) The total Sulphur anhydride (SO3) content of all ‫( مجموعی در مواد متشکله در‬SO 3) ‫سلفرانهایدرید‬ )b(
the constituents of concrete as a percentage of ‫کانکریت نظر به فیصدی کتله سمنت در مخلوط باید‬
mass of cement in the mix shall be limited to 4 .‫ فیصد باشد‬4 ‫در حدود‬
percent.

401.4.4 Suitability of proposed mix portions ‫ مناسب بودن تناسب مخلوط‬401.4.4

The Contractor shall submit the following ‫قراردادی باید معلومات ذیل را تصدیق‬
information for the Engineer’s approval: :‫انجنیر ارسال نماید‬
‫خواص ومنبع هر مواد‬ )a(
(a) Nature and source of each material
‫مقداري مواد در هر یک مترمکعب‬ )b(
(b) Quantities of each material per cubic meter of ‫کانکریت متراکم مکمل‬
fully compacted concrete.
‫یکی از ذیل‬ )c(
(c) Either of the following: ‫) موجودیت معلومات منحیث اسناد که‬i(
(i) Appropriate existing data as ‫نشاندهنده عملکرد رضایت بخش‬

228 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

evidence of satisfactory previous ‫ یکنواختی و تناسب آب و‬،‫مقاومت‬

performance for the target mean ‫سمنت و هر شرایط اضافی تعین شده‬
strength, current margin, ‫دیگر باشد‬
consistency and water / cement
ratio and any other additional ‫) جزئیات مکمل آزمایشات نمونه های‬ii(
requirement(s) as specified. .‫متعدد دیزاین مخلوط‬
(ii) Full details of tests on trial mixes.
‫اظهارنامه تناسب مخلوط برای‬ )d(
(d) Statement giving the proposed mix ‫مخلوط حد اقل کانکریت مورد نظر‬
‫ارائه کند‬
proportions for nominal mix concrete.

‫هر تغیر در منبع مواد ویا در تناسب‬

Any change in the source of material or in the mix
‫مخلوط باید از قبل به تصدیق انجنیر‬
proportions shall be subject to the Engineer’s prior
.‫برده شده باشد‬
approval.

401.5 Admixtures ‫ افزودنی ها‬401.5

Use of admixtures such as super-plasticizers for ‫با داشتن تصدیق انجنیر میتوان از‬
concrete may be made with the approval of the ‫افزودنی ها مانند نرم کننده فوق‬
Engineer. .‫العاده برای کانکریت استفاده کرد‬
As the selection of an appropriate concrete ‫انتخاب افزودنی مناسب کانکریت بخشی از‬
admixture is an integral part of the mix design, the ‫ تولید کننده‬،‫جمله دیزاین مخلوط بوده‬
‫باید بعداز دانستن کاملی مواد متشکله‬
manufacturers shall recommend the use of any
‫روش های‬ ‫حقیقی کانکریت و همچنان‬
one of his products only after obtaining complete
‫ انتقال و تراکم کانکریت یکی‬،‫مخلوط‬
knowledge of all the actual constituents of .‫از تولیدات خویش را پیشنهاد نماید‬
concrete as well as methodologies of manual
future, transportation and compaction of concrete
proposed to be used in the project.

401.6 Equipment ‫ تجهیزات‬401.6

Unless specified otherwise, equipment for ‫ انتقال و تراکم کانکریت‬،‫برای تولید‬
production, transportation and compaction of ‫در صورتیکه مشخص نشده باشد تجهیزات‬
concrete shall be as under: :‫قرار ذیل است‬

(a) For Production of Concrete: :‫برای تولید کانکریت‬ )a(

(i) For overall bridge length of less than ‫ متر‬200 ‫برای فاصله کمتر از‬ )i(
200 meters - batch type concrete ‫مخلوط کننده (مکسر) کانکریت‬
mixer diesel or electric operated, ‫دیزلی ویا برقی با حد اقل‬
with a minimum size of 200 liters, ‫ اندازه‬،‫ لیتر‬200 ‫اندازه‬
automatic water measuring system ،‫کننده اتومات مقدار آب‬
‫(نوع‬ ‫اوزان‬ ‫سیستم‬
and integral weigher
)‫ فشاری‬/‫هایرولیکی‬
(hydraulic/pneumatic type)
‫ متر ویا‬200 ‫برای فاصله‬ )ii(
(ii) For overall bridge length of 200
‫اندازه‬ ‫بیشترسیستم‬
meters or more - concrete batching
‫کننده‬ ‫مخلوط‬ ‫وتاءسیسات‬
and mixing plant fully automatic
‫(مکسر) کانکریت مکمل اتومات‬
with minimum capacity of 15 cum.

229 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

per hour. ‫ متر‬15 ‫با حد اقل ظرفیت‬

.‫مکعب فی ساعت‬
All measuring devices of the equipment shall be ‫وسایل و تجهیزات اندازه گیری‬ ‫تمام‬
maintained in a clean and serviceable condition. ‫در شرایط پاک و خدمتدهی نگهداری‬ ‫باید‬
Its accuracy shall be checked over the range in use, ‫ بعدا‬،‫صحت آن در منتاژ دوباره‬ .‫شود‬
when set up at each site and thereafter ‫دوره یی ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر‬ ‫بشکل‬
‫ صحت وسایل اندازه گیری‬.‫چک شود‬ ‫باید‬
periodically as directed by the Engineer.
:‫در حدوذیل باشد‬ ‫باید‬
The accuracy of the measuring devices shall fall
within the following limits:

Measurement of ±3 per cent of the ‫ مقدار سمنت‬% 3± ‫اندازه گیری سمنت‬

Cement quantity of cement in ‫در اندازه مخلوط‬
each batch
Measurement of Water ±3 per cent of the ‫ مقدار آب در‬% 3± ‫اندازه گیری آب‬
quantity of water in ‫اندازه مخلوط‬
each batch
Measurement of ±3 per cent of the ‫مقدار‬ % 3± ‫گیری‬ ‫اندازه‬
Aggregate quantity of Aggregate in ‫در‬ ‫سنگدانه‬ ‫سنگدانه‬
each batch ‫اندازه مخلوط‬
Measurement of ±5 per cent of the % 5± ‫گیری‬ ‫اندازه‬
Admixture quantity of Admixture ‫در‬ ‫مقدارافزودنی‬ ‫افزودنی‬
in each batch ‫اندازه مخلوط‬

(b) For Concrete Transportation : :‫برای انتقال کانکریت‬ )b(

depending upon actual requirement ‫تابع شرایط حقیقی‬
(i) Concrete dumpers ‫دمپر های کانکریت‬ )i(
minimum 2 tonnes capacity
(ii) Powered hoists ‫ تن‬2 ‫حد اقل ظرفیت‬
minimum 0.5 tonne capacity ‫باالبر برقی‬ )ii(
(iii) Chutes ‫حد اقل ظرفیت‬
(iv) Buckets handled by cranes ‫ تن‬0.5
(v) Transit truck mixer ‫ناوه ها‬ )iii(
(vi) Concrete pump ‫دلو های که کرنی(توسط‬ )iv(
(vii) Concrete distributor booms )‫کرن انتقال میشود‬
(viii) Belt conveyor ‫ترک مکسر انتقالی‬ )v(
(ix) Cranes with skips ‫پمپ های کانکریت‬ )vi(
(x) Tremies ‫بازوی(بوم) توزیع کننده‬ )vii(
‫کانکریت‬
(c) For Compaction of concrete: ‫تسمه انتقالی‬ )viii(
(i) Internal vibrators ‫کرن با سکیپ‬ )ix(
size 25 mm to 70 mm ‫قیف با تیوب‬ )x(
(ii) Form vibrators
minimum 500 watts :‫برای ترکم کانکریت‬ )c(
(iii) Screed vibrators ‫لرزانده میله یی (لرزانده‬ )i(
full width of carriageway (up to ‫قطر‬ ‫از‬ )‫داخلی‬

230 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

two lanes) ‫ میلی‬70 ‫ میلیمتر الی‬25

‫متر‬
‫لرزانده قالب‬ )ii(
500 ‫اقل‬ ‫حد‬
‫وات‬
‫لرزانده ماله‬ )iii(
‫مکمل‬ ‫عرض‬
)‫موتررو ( الی دو خط سرک‬

401.7 Mixing Concrete ‫ مخلوط کردن کانکریت‬401.7

Concrete shall be mixed either in a concrete mixer ‫کانکریت در مخلوط کن (مکسر) ویا در‬
or in a batching and mixing plant, as per these ‫تاسیساتی تهیه و مخلوط کانکریت مطابق‬
Specifications. Hand mixing shall not be permitted. ‫ مخلوط کردن‬.‫مشخصات باید مخلوط گردد‬
The mixer or the plant shall be at an approved ‫توسط دست (توسط بیل) باید اجازه داده‬
location considering the properties of the mixes ‫مخلوط کننده ویا تاسیسات تهیه و‬.‫نشود‬
‫مخلوط کانکریت در بک موقعیت تصدیق شده‬
and the transportation arrangements available
‫که مسایل خصوصیات مخلوط ها و تنظیمات‬
with the Contractor. The mixer or the plant shall be
.‫ترانسپورتی نزد قراردادی مهیا باشد‬
approved by the Engineer. ‫مخلوط کننده ویا تاسیسات بایدتوسط‬
Mixing shall be continued till materials are .‫انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
uniformly distributed and a uniform color of the ‫مخلوط کردن تا وقتی دوام داشته باشد‬
entire mass is obtained and each individual ‫که مواد طوری یکنواخت تقسیم شده تا‬
particle of the coarse aggregate shows complete ‫تمام کتله رنگ گرفته و هر دانه جغل‬
coating of mortar containing its proportionate ‫طوری معلوم شود که به اندازه یی تناسب‬
amount of cement. In no case shall mixing be done ‫ به‬.‫آن توسط سمنت پوشانیده شده باشد‬
for less than 2 minutes. 2 ‫هیچ صورت نباید مخلوط کردن کمتر از‬
Mixers which have been out of use for more than .‫دقیقه باشد‬
30 minutes shall be thoroughly cleaned before ‫ دقیقه‬30 ‫مخلوط کننده اگر بیشتر از‬
putting in a new batch. Unless otherwise agreed ‫بدون استفاده باقی بماند قبل از‬
by the Engineer, the first batch of concrete from .‫استفاده بعدی باید طوری کامل پاک شود‬
the mixer shall contain only two thirds of the ‫در صورتی که از طرف انجنیر مشخص نشده‬
normal quantity of coarse aggregate. Mixing plant ‫باشد برای اولین مخلوط باید دو ثلث‬
.‫شود‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫جغل‬ ‫معمول‬ ‫مقدار‬
shall be thoroughly cleaned before changing from
‫تاسیسات مخلوط کننده قبل از استفاده‬
one type of cement to another.
‫از نوع متفاوت سمنت باید طوری کامل‬
.‫پاک کاری شود‬

401.8 Transporting, Placing and Compaction of ‫ ریخت و متراکم کردن‬،‫ انتقال‬401.8

Concrete ‫کانکریت‬
The method of transporting and placing concrete ‫روش انتقال و ریخت کانکریت باید توسط‬
shall be approved by the Engineer. Concrete shall ‫ کانکریت باید حتی‬.‫انجنیر تصدیق شود‬
be transported and placed as near as practicable ‫االمکان نزدیک به موقعیت نهایی آن‬
to its final position, so that no contamination, ‫انتقال و ریخت گردد بخاطریکه بدون‬
segregation or loss of its constituent materials ‫ یکسویی زرات و یا ضایعات‬،‫ملوث شدن‬
‫ کانکریت نباید‬.‫مواد متشکله صورت گیرد‬
takes place. Concrete shall not be freely dropped
.‫ متر پرتاب شود‬1.5 ‫از ارتفاع بیشتر از‬
into place from a height exceeding 1.5 meters.
،‫اگر کانکریت توسط ناوه انتقال میشود‬
When concrete is conveyed by chute, the plant

231 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

shall be of such size and design as to ensure ‫تاسیسات به اندازه و طوری طرح شود که‬
practically continuous flow, slope of the chute shall ،‫بشکل مطمین و متداوم جریان داشته‬
be so adjusted that the concrete flows without the ‫میالن ناوه باید قسمی عیار گردد که‬
use of excessive quantity of water and without any ‫کانکریت بدون افزودن آب اضافی و بدون‬
segregation of its ingredients. The delivery end of .‫یکسو شدن ذرات آن جاری شده بتواند‬
‫انجام ناوه انتقالی حتی االمکان نزدیک‬
the chute shall be as close as possible to the point
‫ناوه قبل و بعد از‬.‫موقعیت ریخت باشد‬
of deposit. The chute shall be thoroughly flushed
‫هر ریخت کانکریت باید خارج از قالب‬
with water before and after each working period .‫شسته شود‬
and the water used for this purpose shall be ‫تمام قالب ها و سیخ بندی ها باید از‬
discharged outside the formwork. ‫ برف و یا یخ قبل‬،‫ گرد‬،‫ایستاد شدن آب‬
All formwork and reinforcement contained in it .‫از کانکریت ریزی پاک شود‬
shall be cleaned and made free from standing ‫بدون اجازه انجنیر هیچ بخشی از‬
water, dust, snow or ice immediately before ‫ساختمان کانکریت ریزی نباید صورت‬
placing of concrete. ‫ ساعت کانکریت ریزی که‬24 ‫ هرگاه‬.‫گیرد‬
No concrete shall be placed in any part of the ‫قبال اجازه آن گرفته شده ریخت نگردد‬
structure until the approval of the Engineer has ‫باید دوباره از انجنیر اجازه گرفته‬
been obtained. ‫ کانکریت ریزی در ساحه که توسط‬.‫شود‬
If concreting is not started within 24 hours of the ‫جاینت های ساختمانی تعین گردیده طوری‬
approval being given, it shall have to be obtained ‫ کانکریت تازه نباید‬.‫پیوسته اجرا شود‬
again from the Engineer. Concreting then shall ‫ دقیقه قبال‬30 ‫با کانکریت که بیشتر از‬
proceed continuously over the area between the ‫ریخت شده طوری پیوسته بدون اینکه‬
‫جاینت ساختمانی منظم قالب شده باشد‬
construction joints. Fresh concrete shall not be
.‫ریخت شود‬
placed against concrete which has been in position
‫به استثنای جایکه انجنیر موافق باشد‬
for more than 30 minutes unless a proper
‫ ملی مترتجاوز نکند‬450 ‫وضخامت آن از‬
construction joint is formed.
‫باید در طبقات افقی ریخت شود وقتیکه‬
Except where otherwise agreed by the Engineer, ‫داخلی‬ )‫(ویبراتور‬ ‫لرزاننده‬ ‫از‬
concrete shall be deposited in horizontal layers to
‫ ملی متر تجاوز‬300 ‫استفاده میشود و از‬
a compacted depth of not more than 450 mm .‫نکنداز جمله قضایای دیگر میباشد‬
when internal vibrators are used and not ‫کانکریت وقتی ریخت میشود نیاید کمتر‬
exceeding 300 mm in all other cases. ‫ درجه‬40 ‫ درجه سانتیگریت و بیشتر از‬5
Concrete when deposited shall have a ‫ کانکریت در مدت زمان‬.‫سانتیگریت باشد‬
temperature of not less than 5 degrees Celsius, ‫ دقیقه بعد از جدا شدن از مخلوط کن‬30
and not more than 40 degrees Celsius. It shall be ‫(مکسر) الی حالت نهایی آن باید متراکم‬
compacted in its final position within 30 minutes ‫شود اما اگر توسط تکان دهنده مناسب و‬
of its discharge from the mixer, unless carried in 1 ‫ این مدت زمان‬،‫پیوسته انتقال شود‬
properly designed agitators, operating ‫ساعت شروع از اضافه نمودن سمنت به‬
continuously, when this time shall be within 1 hour ‫ دقیقه بعد از ریخت‬30 ‫و‬ ‫مخلوط‬
of the addition of cement to the mix and within 30 ‫کانکریت از تکاندهنده (مانند ترک‬
minutes of its discharge from the agitator. It may ‫ اگر عمأل مدت‬.‫مخلوط کننده) باید باشد‬
be necessary to add retarding admixtures to ‫زمان قابل قبول نباشد شاید ضرورت به‬
concrete if trials show that the periods indicated ‫ در چنین‬.‫افزودنی تأخیر دهنده باشد‬
above are unacceptable. In all such matters the ‫موضوعات انجنیر تصمیم گیرنده نهایی‬
Engineer’s decision shall be final. .‫است‬
‫در جریان کانکریت ریزی و کار دراطراف‬
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted by
‫ کیبلها ویا قالبهای برای‬،‫سیخبندی‬
vibration or other means during placing and

232 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

worked around the reinforcement, tendons or ‫لوازم‬ ،‫شده‬ ‫ساخته‬ ‫شبکات‬ ‫دریچه‬
duct formers, embedded fixtures and into corners ‫فروبردنی و نوشی پایه ها قالب باید‬
of the formwork to produce a dense ‫لرزاندهنده‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫مکمل‬ ‫طوری‬
homogeneous void-free mass having the required ‫(ویبراتور) ویا دیگر روشها بخاطر یک‬
surface finish. When vibrators are used, vibration ‫کانکریت متراکم و متجانس وکتله عاری‬
‫از منفض و سطح با اختتامیه مورد ضرورت‬
shall be done continuously during the placing of
‫ وقتی از لرزاننده‬.‫باید متراکم شود‬
each batch of concrete until the expulsion of air
‫(ویبراتور) ها استفاده میشود اهتزاز‬
has practically ceased and in a manner that does ‫طوری پیوسته برای هر ریخت انجام‬
not promote segregation. Over vibration shall be ‫کانکریت تا وقتی ادامه داده شود که‬
avoided to minimize the risk of forming a weak ‫هوا بشکل عملی ازبین رفته ام سبب‬
surface layer. When external vibrators are used, ‫ از‬.‫پیشرفت مجزا شدن زرات نشود‬
the design of formwork and disposition of vibrator ‫لرزاندن (اهتزازدادن) بیش از حد‬
shall be such as to ensure efficient compaction and ‫خوداری شود تا چالش بوجود آمدن قشر‬
to avoid surface blemishes, vibrations shall not be ‫ وقتی از‬.‫با سطح ضعیف به حد اقل برسد‬
applied through reinforcement and where ‫لرزاننده (ویبراتور) بیرونی استفاده‬
vibrators of immersion type are used, contact with ‫موقعیت‬ ‫تحرک‬ ‫و‬ ‫قالببندی‬ ‫میشود‬
reinforcement and all inserts like ducts etc., shall ‫لرزاننده (ویبراتور) طوری دیزاین که‬
‫به اندازه کافی متراکم شود تا سطح‬
be avoided. The internal vibrators shall be inserted
‫لرزاننده‬ ،‫شده‬ ‫جلوگیری‬ ‫ناقص‬
in an orderly manner and the distance between
‫(ویبراتور) داخلی نباید به سیخبندی‬
insertions should be about one and a half times
‫ودیگر قالبهای برای دریچه شبکات در‬
the radius of the area visibly affected by vibration. )‫لرزاننده (ویبراتور‬ .‫تماس باشد‬
Additional vibrators in serviceable condition shall ‫داخلی باید به روش منظم وبه فاصله یک‬
be kept at site so that they can be used in the event ‫و نیم برابر شعاع ساحه متأثر لرزاننده‬
of breakdowns. )‫ لرزاننده (ویبراتور‬.‫فروبرده شود‬
‫های فعال اضافی در ساحه نگهداری شود‬
)‫و در صورت خرابی لرزاننده (ویبراتور‬
.‫موجوده از آن استفاده شود‬

401.9 Construction Joints ‫ جاینت های تعمیراتی‬401.9

401.9.1 Location ‫ موقعیت‬401.9.1
The location of construction joints shall be as ‫موقعیت جاینت های ساختمانی طوریکه در‬
shown on the drawings or as approved by the ‫نقشه ها نشان داده ویا طبق هدایت‬
Engineer. The joints shall be provided in a direction ‫ جاینت ها باید عمود با‬.‫انجنیر باشد‬
perpendicular to the member axis. .‫محور عضو ساخته شود‬

401.9.2 Preparation of Joint Surface ‫ آماده ساختن سطح جاینت‬401.9.2

Laitance shall be removed before fresh concrete is ‫قبل از ریخت کانکریت تازه باید آب‬
cast. The surface shall be roughened. Care shall be .‫ سطح باید درشت شود‬.‫وحباب دورشود‬
taken that they should not dislodge the coarse ‫ کانکریت‬.‫احتیاط شود که جغل سست نشود‬
aggregates. Concrete may be brushed with a stiff ‫ممکن توسط برس سخت بعد از ریخت هنگام‬
brush soon after casting while the concrete is .‫که کانکریت هنوز تازه است برس شد‬
‫اگر کانکریت قسمأ سخت شد سطح باید‬
fresh.
‫توسط برس سیمی زده شده و یا توسط آب‬
If the concrete has partially hardened, it shall be
‫با فشارزده شده و هوا با فشار زود خشک‬
treated by wire brushing or with a stiff water jet
‫ کانکریت سخت شده باید توسط وسایل‬.‫شود‬
followed by drying with air jet immediately. ‫میخانیکی و یا زدن ریگ با فشار زیاد‬

233 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Fully hardened concrete shall be treated with ‫ با توجه اینکه جغل کانکریت صدمه‬،‫هوا‬
mechanical hand tools or grit blasting, taking care .‫نبیند‬
not to split or crack aggregate particles. ،‫قبل از اینکه کانکریت دیگر ریخت شود‬
Before further concrete is cast, the surface should ‫سطح باید طوری کامل پاک شده تا مواد‬
be thoroughly cleaned to remove debris and ‫اضافی شود و روش مؤثر استفاده از هوا‬
‫ جایکه تأخیر در ریخت‬.‫با فشار میباشد‬
accumulated rubbish, one effective method being
‫بعدی کانکریت ممکن باشد سیخهای که‬
by air jet.
‫ در‬.‫بیرون میماند باید محافظت شود‬
Where there is likely to be a delay before placing ‫ سیخ ها باید به‬،‫محیط تراکم سیخ‬
the next concrete lift, protruding reinforcement
‫ میلی متر دوباره برهنه شده‬50 ‫اندازه‬
shall be protected. Before the next lift is placed, ‫تا مطمئن شد که کانکریت ملوث دورشده‬
rust, loose, mortar or other contamination shall be .‫است‬
removed from the reinforcements. In aggressive ‫در سطح جاینت نباید با مواد که سبب‬
environment, the concrete shall be cut back to ‫ گرد و یا مواد پوشش‬،‫جدا شدن قالب‬
expose the reinforcements for a length of about 50 .‫نگهدار رطوبت ملوث شود‬
mm to ensure that contaminated concrete is
removed.
The joint surface shall not be contaminated with
release agents, dust or curing membrane.

401.9.3 Concreting of Joints ‫جاینت‬ ‫در‬ ‫کانکریت‬ ‫ریخت‬401.9.3

‫ساختمانی‬
The old surface shall be thoroughly cleaned and ‫سطح سابقه باید مکمل پاک ومرطوب شود‬
soaked with water. Standing water shall be ‫آب ایستاده قبل از ریخت کانکریت جدید‬
removed shortly before the new concrete is placed ‫دور شده و کانکریت جدید باید کامأل‬
and the new concrete shall be thoroughly ‫ کانکریت ریزی باید طوری‬.‫متراکم شود‬
compacted. Concreting shall be carried out .‫پیوسته تا جاینت ساختمانی اجرا شود‬
‫ تخته بشکل‬،‫برای جاینت ساختمانی عمودی‬
continuously up to the construction joints.
‫که قبأل مشخص شده و برای جلوگیری از‬
Surface retarders may be used to improve the
‫بیجا شدن و سؤ شکل در هنگام تراکم‬
quality of construction joints. ‫کانکریت جابجا شده و کانکریت ریزی الی‬
For a vertical construction joint, a stopping board .‫ارتفاع تخته باید ادامه داده شود‬
shall be fixed previously at the predetermined
position and shall be properly stayed to prevent its
displacement or bulging when concrete is
compacted against it. Concreting shall be
continued right up to the board.

401.10 Concreting Under Water ‫ ریخت کانکریت زیر آب‬401.10

When it is necessary to deposit concrete under ‫وقتی کانکریت ریزی درزیر آب ضرورت‬
water, the methods, equipment, materials and ‫ مواد وتناسب مخلوط‬،‫ وسایل‬،‫ روش‬،‫باشد‬
proportions of mix to be used shall be got ‫مورد نظر قبل از آغاز کار باید توسط‬
approved from the Engineer before any work is ‫ مقدار سمنت‬.‫انجنیر تصدیق شده باشد‬
started. Concrete shall contain 10 per cent more ‫در ابن کانکریت نسبت به مقدار که‬
‫کانکریت در ساحه خشک با مخلوط مشابه‬
cement than that required for the same mix placed
‫ فیصد سمنت اضافه‬10 ‫ضرورتدارد باید‬
in the dry.
‫آب که در آن کانکریت‬ .‫داشته باشد‬
Concrete shall not be placed in water having a

234 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

temperature below 5 degrees Celsius. The ‫ریزی صورت میگیرد نباید درجه حرارت‬
temperature of the concrete, when deposited, ‫ درجه سانتیگریت‬5 ‫آن پائین تر از‬
shall not be less than 16 degrees Celsius, nor more ‫درجه حرارت کانکریت در هنگامی‬.‫باشد‬
than 40 degrees Celsius. ‫درجه‬ 16 ‫از‬ ‫کمتر‬ ‫نباید‬ ‫ریخت‬
Cofferdams or forms shall be sufficiently tight to ‫ درجه‬40 ‫سانتیگریتواضافه تر از‬
ensure still water conditions, if practicable, and in .‫سانتیگریت باشد‬
any case to reduce the flow of water to less than 3 ‫بند های مؤقت و یا قالب ها به اندازه‬
meters per minute through the space into which ‫کافی در صورت امکان مانع و یا بطی‬
concrete is to be deposited. Cofferdams or forms ‫ متر فی‬3 ‫ساختن جریان آب به کمتر از‬
in still water shall be sufficiently tight to prevent ‫دقیقه در ساحه ( فضا ) که کانکریت‬
loss of mortar through the joints in the walls. ‫ بند های مؤقت و یا قالب‬.‫ریخت میشود‬
‫ها به اندازه کافی مستحکم باشد که از‬
Pumping shall not be done while concrete is being
‫درز های دیوار از ضایع شدن مصالح‬
placed, or until 24 hours thereafter. To minimize
‫ دور ساختن آب دوسط پمپ‬.‫جلوگیری شود‬
the formation of laitance, great care shall be
24 ‫در جریان ریخت کانکریت ویا الی‬
exercised not to disturb the concrete as far as
‫ برای حد‬.‫ساعت بعدی نباید اجرأ شود‬
possible while it is being deposited.
)Laitance (‫اقل ساختن مصالح بدون شیره‬
All under water concreting shall be carried out by
‫ باید محتاط بود که از تداخل زیاد‬،
tremie method only, using tremie of appropriate .‫کانکریت ریخت شده خوداری نمود‬
diameter. The number and spacing of the tremies ‫تمام کانکریت ریزی های تحت آب باید‬
should be worked out to ensure proper concreting. ‫تنها به روش قیف با دامنه پایپ اجرأ‬
The tremie concreting when started should .‫شود و از پایپ با قطر استفاده کرد‬
continue without interruption for the full height of ‫باالی اندازه فاصله دهی قیف با دامنه‬
the member being concreted. The concrete ‫پایپ باید کار نمود تا کانکریت ریزی‬
production and placement equipment should be ‫ وقتی کانکریت ریزی‬.‫مناسب اجرأ شود‬
sufficient to enable the underwater concrete to be ‫به روش قیف با دامنه پایپ آغاز شد‬
completed uninterrupted within the stipulated ‫بدون وقفه تا ارتفاع کامل عضو باید‬
time. Necessary stand-by equipment should be ‫ وسایل وتجهیزات تولید‬.‫ادامه پیدا کند‬
‫وریخت کانکریت باید به اندازه کافی‬
available for emergency situation.
‫موجود باشد تا قادر به ریخت کانکریت‬
The top section of the tremie shall have a hopper
‫های تحت آب بدون وقفه و در زمان معینه‬
large enough to hold one full batch of the mix or
‫ و وسایل وتجهیزات‬.‫آن تکمیل گردد‬
the entire contents of the transporting bucket as ‫احتیاطی برای حاالت عاجل باید در ساحه‬
the case may be. The tremie pipe shall not be less .‫موجود باشد‬
than 200 mm in diameter and shall be large ‫قسمت باالیی سیستم قیف با دامنه پایپ‬
enough to allow a free flow of concrete and strong ‫یعنی قیف به اندازه کافی بزرگ باشد‬
enough to withstand the external pressure of the ‫که اگر یک مخلوط آورده شده را گنجایش‬
water in which it is suspended, even if a partial ‫ پایپ سیستم قیف با دامنه‬.‫داشته باشد‬
vacuum develops inside the pipe. Preferably, ‫ ملی متر قطر‬200 ‫پایپ نباید کوچکتر از‬
flanged steel pipe of adequate strength for the job ‫ وباید به اندازه کافی بزرگ‬، ‫داشته‬
shall be used. A separate lifting device shall be ‫باشد که در آن کانکریت طوری آزاد‬
provided for each tremie pipe with its hopper at ‫جریان داشته و به اندازه کافی قوی‬
the upper end. Unless the lower end of the pipe is ‫باشد که در مقابل فشار بیرونی از اثر‬
equipped with an approved automatic check ‫آب وارد میشود و حتی اگر خأل در بین‬
.‫پایپ ایجاد میشود ایستاده گی نماید‬
valve, the upper end of the pipe shall be plugged
‫از پایپ فوالدی دهانه دار با مقاومت‬
with a wadding of gunny sacking or other
‫کافی بخاطر اجرأ این کار ترجیع داده‬
approved material before delivering the concrete

235 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

to the tremie pipe through the hopper; so that ‫ میکانیزم جداگانه یی باالبر‬.‫میشود‬
when the concrete is forced down from the hopper ‫برای هر یک سیستم قیف با دامنه پایپ‬
to the pipe, it will force the plug (and along with it ‫ اما‬.‫در قسمت قیف مانند آن مهیا شود‬
any water in the pipe) down the pipe and out of ‫در اگر پایپ با سیستم چکوال مجهز باشد‬
the bottom end, thus establishing a continuous ‫در آن صورت فسمت باالیی پایپ توسط تسمه‬
‫ها و یا مواد پذیرفته شدۀ دیگر قبل‬
stream of concrete. It will be necessary to raise
‫از رسیدن کانکریت به پایپ توسط منفد‬
slowly the tremie in order to allow a uniform flow
‫ چون کانکریت‬،‫قیف مانند باید بسته شود‬
of concrete, but it shall not be emptied so that ‫وقتی داخل پایپ میشود فشار باالی وال‬
water is not allowed to enter above the concrete ‫وارد کرده وسبب ریخت آن بیرون از پایپ‬
in the pipe. At all times after placing of concrete is ‫میشود و این سبب ریخت پیوسته کانکریت‬
started and until all the required quantity has been ‫ ضروری بوده که سیستم قیف با‬.‫میشود‬
placed, the lower end of the tremie pipe shall be ‫دامنه پایپ را آهسته آهسته باال کرده‬
kept below the surface of the plastic concrete. This ‫ پایپ خالی‬.‫تا ریخت یکنواخت صورت گیرد‬
will cause the concrete to build up from below .‫نگردد چون آب نباید داخل پایپ شود‬
instead of flowing out over the surface and thus ‫تمام زمان از آغاز کانکریتریزی الی‬
avoid formation of layers of laitance. If the charge ‫ انجام تحتانی‬،‫ریخت مقدار مورد نیاز‬
in the tremie is lost while depositing, the tremie ‫پایپ باید در زیر سطح کانکریت نرم‬
‫که این سبب ریخت کانکریت از‬.‫نگهداشت‬
shall be raised above the concrete surface and
‫پائین به باال بجای از باال به پائین‬
unless sealed by the check valve, it shall be
‫میشود فلهذا قشر مصالح بدون شیره‬
replugged at the top end, as at the beginning,
‫ هرگاه مواد کانکریتی‬.‫ایجاد نمیشود‬
before refilling for depositing further concrete. ‫خالص میشود در صورتیکه سیستم چکوال‬
‫نداشته باشد باید پایپ سیستم قیف با‬
‫دامنه پایپ از سطح کانکریت بیرون‬
‫آورده شود و در صورتی ریخت دوباره‬
‫ پایپ از دهانه باالیی آن عینأ‬،‫کانکریت‬
.‫مثل ابتدا بسته شود‬

401.11 Adverse Weather Conditions ‫ شرایط بحرانی هوا‬401.11

401.11.1 Cold Weather Concreting ‫ کانکریت ریزی در هوای سرد‬401.11.1
Where concrete is to be deposited at or near ‫جایکه کانکریت در درجات حرارت یخ زدن‬
freezing temperature, precautions shall be taken ‫ باید متوجه‬،‫و یا قریب آن ریخت میشود‬
to ensure that at the time of placing, it has a ‫و مطمئین شد هنگام کانکریت ریزی درجه‬
temperature of not less than 5 degrees Celsius and ‫ درجه‬5 ‫حرارت ساحه نباید کمتر از‬
that the temperature of the concrete shall be ‫سانتیگریت و مخلوط کانکریت باالتر از‬
‫ درجه سانتیگریت الی سخت شدن‬4
maintained above 4 degrees Celsius until it has
‫ اگر ضرورت شود مواد‬.‫نگهدااشته شود‬
thoroughly hardened. When necessary, concrete
‫متشکله کانکریت بدون سمنت قبل از‬
ingredients shall be heated before mixing but ‫مخلوط باید گرم شود و سمنت به شکل غیر‬
cement shall not be heated artificially other than ‫مستقیم یعنی انتقال حرارت از دیگر‬
by the heat transmitted to it from other ‫ انبار سنگدانه میتوان‬.‫مواد گرم میشود‬
ingredients of the concrete. Stock-piled aggregate .‫با حرارت خشک ویا توسط بخار گرم نمود‬
may be heated by the use of dry heat or steam. ‫سنگدانه نباید مستقیمأ توسط گاز ویا‬
Aggregates shall not be heated directly by gas or ‫ نمک و با‬.‫آهن چادر روی آتش گرم شود‬
on sheet metal over fire. In general, the ‫دیگر مواد کیمیاوی نباید منحیث ضد یخ‬
temperature of aggregates or water shall not ‫ نباید مواد یخ زده و یا‬.‫استفاده شود‬

236 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

exceed 65 degrees Celsius. Salt or other chemicals ‫ تمام‬.‫مواد یخدار استفاده گردد‬
shall not be used for the prevention of freezing. No ‫کانکریت های که در معرض یخ زدن باشد‬
frozen material or materials containing ice shall be ‫بایداز مخلوط کانکریت متشکله حباب‬
used. All concrete exposed to freezing weather ‫ لیتر‬30 ‫استفاده و مقدار آب نباید از‬
shall have entrained air and the water content of .‫در فی خریطه سمنت تجاوز نماید‬
the mix shall not exceed 30 liters per 50 kg of
cement.

401.11.2 Hot Weather Conditions ‫ شرایط هوای گرم‬401.11.2

When depositing concrete in very hot weather, ‫وقتیکه کانکریت در هوای بسیار گرم‬
precautions shall be taken so that the temperature ‫ باید متوجه و مطمئین شد‬،‫ریخت میشود‬
of wet concrete does not exceed 40 degrees ‫هنگام کانکریت ریزی درجه حرارت مخلوط‬
Celsius while placing. This shall be achieved by ‫ درجه‬40 ‫کانکریت نباید بیشتر از‬
stacking aggregate under the shade and keeping ‫ بخاطر نایل به این‬.‫سانتیگریت باشد‬
them moist, using cold water, reducing the time ‫میتوان سنگدانه ها را در سایه انبار‬
‫ از آب سرد استفاده‬،‫و مرطوب کرده‬
between mixing and placing to the minimum,
‫ به حد اقل رساندن مدت زمان‬،‫نمود‬
cooling form work by sprinkling water, starting
‫ سرد ساختن‬،‫مخلوط کردن و ریخت کانکریت‬
curing before concrete dries out and restricting
‫ آغاز‬،‫قالب ها با پاشیدن آب باالی آن‬
concreting as far as possible to early mornings and ‫آبدهی قبل از خشک شدن و تنظیم زمان‬
late evenings. When ice is used to cool mixing ‫کانکریت ریزی حتی االمکان به صبح وقت‬
water, it will be considered a part of the water in ‫ وقتی که از یخ برای‬.‫و یا شام ناوقت‬
design mix. Under no circumstances shall be ‫ مقدار آن بخشی‬،‫سرد ساختن آب مخلوط‬
mixing operation be considered complete until all ‫ تا که یخ‬.‫از آب دیزاین مخلوط باشد‬
ice in the mixing drum has melted. ‫کامأل در مخلوط کن آب نشده باشد به هیچ‬
The Contractor will be required to state his .‫وجهه عملیه مخلوط تکمیل نمیباشد‬
methodology for the Engineer’s approval when ‫ قراردادی مکلف به‬،‫برای تصدیق انجنیر‬
temperatures of concrete are likely to exceed 40 ‫ارائه روش و تدابیر خویش هنگامیکه‬
degrees Celsius during the work. 40 ‫کانکریت ریزی درجه حرارت قریب به‬
.‫درجه سانتیگریت برسد است‬

401.12 Protection and Curing ‫ محافظت و مقاوم سازی‬401.12

Concreting operations shall not commence until ‫عملیه کانکریت ریزی تا زمانی باید‬
adequate arrangements for concrete curing have ‫شروع نگردد تا که قراردادی تدابیر الزم‬
been made by the contractor. .‫و کافی آبدهی را مهیا نساخته باشد‬
Curing and protection of concrete shall start ‫محافظت ومقاومسازی کانکریت باید بعد‬
immediately after compaction of the concrete to ‫از ختم متراکم سازی کانکریت برای‬
:‫محافظت آن از‬
protect it from:

‫خشک شدن قبل از وقت بالخصوص توسط‬ )a(

(a) Premature drying out particularly by solar
‫شعاع آفتاب و وزش باد‬
radiation and wind

‫ازدیاد حرارت داخلی‬ )b(

(b) High internal thermal gradients

‫بردن شیره سمنت توسط بارانوجاری‬ )c(

(c) Leaching out by rain and flowing water.
‫شدن آب‬

237 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

(d) Rapid cooling during the first few days after ‫زود سرد شدن چند روز بعد از ریخت‬ )d(
placing.
‫درجه حرارت پائین و یا یخبندان‬ )e(
(e) Low temperature or frost
‫لرزه (اهتزاز) و ضربه ای که ممکن‬ )f(
(f) Vibration and impact which may disrupt the ‫سبب مداخله چسپش بین کانکریت و‬
concrete and interfere with its bond to the ‫سیخ‬
reinforcement.
‫جایکه اعضا با مقطع و طول قابل مالحظه‬
Where members are of considerable size and ‫ میتوان از مخلوط با مقدار سمنت‬،‫باشد‬
length, with high cement content, accelerated ‫بیشتر و ار روش های مقاومساز سریع به‬
.‫موافقه انجنیر اجرأ کرد‬
curing methods may be applied, as approved by
the Engineer.

401.12.1 Water Curing ‫ مقاوم سازی با آبدهی‬401.12.1

Water for curing shall be as specified in clause ‫مقاومسازی با آبدهی باید مطابق قید‬
401.2.6 of this Specification. .‫ این مشخصات باشد‬401.2.6
Sea water shall not be used for curing. Seawater ‫از آب بحر برای آبدهی باید استفاده‬
shall not come into contact with concrete ‫ آب بحر قبل از سخت شدن اعضا‬.‫نشود‬
members unless it has attained adequate strength. ‫کانکریت به اندازه کافی نباید در تماس‬
Entire surface of concrete shall be kept .‫شود‬
‫تمام سطوح کانکریت طوری دوامدار حد‬
continuously in a damp or wet condition by
‫ روز بعد از ریخت با آب‬7 ‫اقل برای‬
application of water for a minimum period of 7
‫ فرشهای‬.‫تر و یا مرطوب نگهداشته شود‬
days after the concrete has been placed. Cotton
‫ کرباس‬،‫ قالین‬،‫ کمپل‬،‫ تات‬، ‫گیلم‬،‫نخی‬
mats, rugs, sacks, blankets, carpets, canvas or ‫ویا مواد مانند آن میتوان برای‬
similar materials approved by the Engineer may be ‫ با ختم معیاد‬.‫نگهداشت نم استفاده کرد‬
used to retain the moisture. At the expiration of ‫آبدهی سطح کانکریت از مواد مؤقتی پاک‬
the curing period the concrete surface shall be .‫شود‬
cleared of the curing medium.

401.12.2 Steam Curing ‫ مقاوم سازی با بخار‬401.12.2

Where steam curing is adopted for pre-cast ‫جایکه مقامسازی توسط بخار برای‬
concrete products, it shall be ensured that it is ‫تولیدات کانکریت پیشریخت تجویز شده‬
done in a suitable enclosure to contain the live ‫ باید مطمئین شد که بخار باید‬،‫باشد‬
steam in order to minimize moisture and heat ‫ازبین یک محفظه عبورداده شود تا‬
loses. The initial application of the steam shall be ‫ضایعات نم و حرارت بخار به حد اقل‬
after about four hours of placement of concrete to ‫ ساعت‬4 ‫ بخار دادن باید تقریبأ‬.‫برسد‬
‫بعد از ریخت کانکریت شروع شود تا‬
allow the initial set of the concrete to take place.
‫تعامل اولیه کیمیاوی سمنت کانکریت‬
Where retarders are used, the waiting period
‫ اگر از تأخیرکننده‬.‫آغاز شده باشد‬
before application of the steam shall be increased
‫ مدت زمان انتظار‬،‫استفاده شده باشد‬
to about six hours.
‫ ساعت‬6 ‫بخار دادن باید تقریبأ به‬
The steam shall be at 100 per cent relative
.‫افزایش داده شود‬
humidity to prevent loss of moisture and to
‫ فیصد‬100 ‫بخار باید دارای رطوبت نسبتی‬
provide excess moisture for proper hydration of ‫باشد تا از ضایعات رطوبت جلوگیری و‬
the cement. The application of steam shall not be

238 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

directly on the concrete and the ambient air ‫تکمیل کننده رطوبت اضافی نیاز عملیه‬
temperature shall increase at a rate not exceeding ‫هایدریشن (تعامل کیمیاوی سمنت با‬
5 degrees Celsius per hour until a maximum ‫ بخار نباید مستقیمأ به‬.‫آب)نمایید‬
temperature of 60 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees ‫کانکریت استعمال شود و هوای ماحول آن‬
Celsius is reached. The maximum temperature ‫ درجه سانتیگریت فی ساعت‬5 ‫تدریجأ‬
shall be maintained until the concrete has reached 70 ‫ الی‬60 ‫زیاد گردیده تا درجه حرارت‬
the desired strength. ‫ درجه حرارت‬.‫درجه سانتیگریت برسد‬
When steam curing is discontinued, the ambient ‫اعظمی تا زمانی حفظ گردد که کانکریت‬
.‫به مقاومت مورد نظر برسد‬
air temperature shall not drop at a rate exceeding
‫وقتی ادامه مقامسازی توسط بخار‬
5 degrees Celsius per hour until a temperature of
‫دیگرنیاز نباشد هوای ماحول آن به‬
about 10 degrees Celsius above the temperature
‫ درجه سانتیگریت فی ساعت کم‬5 ‫تدریج‬
of the air to which the concrete will be exposed,
‫ درجه‬10 ‫گردیده تا درجه ای حرارت‬
has been reached.
‫که‬ ‫حرارت‬ ‫از‬ ‫اضافتر‬ ‫سانتیگریت‬
The concrete shall not be exposed to temperatures
.‫کانکریت در آن قرار میگیرد برسد‬
below freezing for at least six days after curing.
‫ روز بعد از‬6 ‫حد اقل کانکریت قبل‬
‫مقاومسازی نباید در درجه حرارت‬
.‫پائینتر از درجه یخبندان قرار گیرد‬

401.12.3 Curing Compounds ‫(کیورینگ‬ ‫مقاومساز‬ ‫مرکب‬ 401.12.3

)‫کمپوند‬
Curing compounds shall only be permitted in ‫مرکب مقاومساز صرف در حاالت خاص مجاز‬
special circumstances and will require specific ‫ مرکب‬.‫است وملزم تصدیق انجنیر است‬
approval of the Engineer. Curing compounds shall ‫مقاومساز باالی سطوحی که فعالیت‬
not be used on any surface which requires further ‫اختتامیه بعدی داشته باشد باید اجرأ‬
finishing to be applied. All construction joints shall ‫ تمام جاینت ها (درزها) باید به‬.‫نشود‬
‫و از مرکب‬ ‫شکل مرطوب مقاوم شود‬
be moist, cured and no curing compound will be
‫مقاومساز در سطوح که کانکریت باید‬
permitted in locations where concrete surfaces are
.‫باهم بچسبد مجاز نیست‬
required to be bonded together.
‫مرکب مقاومساز در جریان استعمال طوری‬
Curing compounds shall be continuously agitated ‫ تمام کانکریت که‬.‫مداوم تکانداده شود‬
during use. All concrete cured by this method shall ‫به روش مرکب مقاومسازی میشود باید در‬
receive two applications of the curing compound. ‫ بالفاصله الیه اول مرکب‬.‫دوالیه اجرأ شود‬
The first coat shall be applied immediately after ‫مقاومساز بعد از اینکه سطح کانکریت‬
acceptance of concrete finish. If the surface is dry, .‫آماده پذیرش اختتامیه اجرأ میشود‬
the concrete shall be saturated with water and ‫اگر سطح خشک شده است باید توسط آب‬
curing compound applied as soon as the surface ‫مشبوع شده بعد از اینکه الیه فلم مانند‬
film of water disappears. The second application ‫ الیه‬.‫آب محوشد مرکب مقاومساز اجرأ شود‬
shall be made after the first application has set. ‫دوم مرکب مقاومساز بعد از اینکه الیه‬
Placement in more than two coats may be .‫اولی مرکب شخت شد اجرأ میشود‬
‫اجرأ بیشتر از دو الیه ممکن بنابر‬
required to prevent streaking.
‫ضرورت جلوگیری از درز شدن الیه های‬
.‫موجود شود‬

401.13 Finishing ‫ اختتامیه‬401.13

Immediately after the removal of forms, exposed ‫ اگر‬،‫بالفاصله بعد از دورکردن قالب ها‬
bars or bolts, if any, shall be cut inside the concrete ‫سیخ ویا بولت برهنه مانده باشد به‬

239 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

member to a depth of at least 50 mm below the ‫ ملی متر داخل عضو‬50 ‫اندازه حد اقل‬
surface of the concrete and the resulting holes ‫کانکریتی قطع کرده ودوباره توسط مصالح‬
filled with cement mortar. All fins caused by form ‫ پره های که بنابر درز‬.‫سمنتی پر گردد‬
joints, all cavities produced by the removal of form ‫ مجرأ که از اثر بست ها و‬،‫های قالب‬
ties and all other holes and depressions, honey ‫ زنبورخانه یی‬،‫دیگر تمام فرورفتگی ها‬
comb spots, broken edges or corners, and other ‫ کنج و کناره های شکسته و دیگر نواقص‬،
‫آن کامأل پاک و با آب مشبوع و با مصالح‬
defects, shall be thoroughly cleaned, saturated
‫ ریگ به تناسب و مقاومت‬،‫مخلوط سمنت‬
with water, and carefully pointed and rendered
‫نظر‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫کانکریتی‬ ‫عضو‬ ‫نهایی‬
true with mortar of cement and fine aggregate
‫ پرکاری و‬.‫انگافکاری و ترمیم میشود‬
mixed in the proportions used in the grade of ‫انگافکاری با فشار قابل مالحظه یی اجرأ‬
concrete that is being finished and of as dry a .‫شود تا از پر شدن منفض ها مطمئین شد‬
consistency as is possible to use. Considerable ‫تمام سطوح که انگافکاری شده باید برای‬
pressure shall be applied in filling and pointing to ‫ از مصالح‬.‫ ساعت مرطوب نگهداشته شود‬24
ensure thorough filling in all voids. Surfaces which ‫مخصوص با بسته قبأل آماده شده در جای‬
have been pointed shall be kept moist for a period ‫مناسب آن و یا جایکه در نقشه مشخص‬
of twenty thousand four hours. Special pre- ‫ در کار های تکمیل شده تمام‬.‫شده باشد‬
packaged proprietary mortars shall be used where ‫جاینت (درز) های ساختمانی و انبساطی‬
appropriate or where specified in the drawing. ‫بین آنها باید ابزاررده شده و عاری‬
All construction and expansion joints in the ‫ پرکننده‬.‫از مصالح وکانکریت باشد‬
completed work shall be left carefully tooled and ‫جاینت (درز) های انبساطی به طول مکمل‬
free from any mortar and concrete. Expansion ‫آن مریی (قابل دید) با کناره پاک‬
.‫ومنظم باشد‬
joint filler shall be left exposed for its full length
،‫بالفاصله بعد دور نمودن قالب ها‬
with clean and true edges.
‫کانکریت قبل از تصحیح نواقص توسط‬
Immediately after removal of forms, the concrete
.‫انجنیر باید نظارت گردد‬
work shall be examined by the engineer before any
‫کار که موجودیت انحنا و یا‬ )a(
defects are made good. ‫زنبورخانه یی به اندازه که مضر‬
‫به مصؤنیت ساختاری (سترکچری) و‬
(a) The work that has sagged or contains ‫یا مهندسی (ظاهری) باشد باید رد‬
honeycombing to an extent detrimental to .‫شود‬
structural safety or architectural appearance
shall be rejected. ‫سطح با نواقص جزیی ممکن قابل‬ )b(
‫ وقتی کاری ناقص‬.‫قبول باشد‬
(b) Surface defect of a minor nature may be ‫پذیرفته شد باید طبق هدایت‬
accepted. On acceptance of such work by the .‫انجنیر اصالح شود‬
Engineer, the same shall be rectified as
directed by the Engineer.

401.14 Tolerances ‫ محدوده مجازی‬401.14

Tolerance for dimensions/shape of various ‫اشکال برای مرکبه‬/‫حد مجازی ابعاد‬
components shall be as shown in the table below ‫(عناصر) مختلف در جدول ذیل نشان داده‬
or indicated elsewhere in these specifications or ‫و یا جای دیگر این مشخصات ارائه و یا‬
shown on the drawings or as directed by the ‫در نقشه ها نشان داده شده و یا توسط‬
Engineer. .‫انجنیر هدایت داده میشود‬

‫ حد مجازی عناصر‬4-401‫جدول‬
Table 401-1 Tolerances in Concrete Elements
‫کانکریتی‬

240 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Description Tolerances
(a) Variation in cross-
+10mm,
sectional dimensions
-5mm

(b) Misplacement from

specified position in
10 mm
plan

(c) Variation of levels at

the top ±10 mm
Substructure

(d) Variations of reduced

levels of bearing
±5 mm
areas
(e)
(f) Variations from
plumb over full ±10 mm
height
(g) Surface irregularities
measured with 3 m
straight edge
All surfaces except
bearing areas
Bearing areas 5mm
3mm
(a) Variation in cross-
sectional dimensions
Up to and including
2m ±5 mm
Precast Concrete Superstructure

over 2m ±5 mm
(b) Variation in length shall not
overall and length exceed ±10 mm
between bearings or ±0.1 percent
of span length,
whichever is
lesser
(c) Permissible surface
irregularities when
measured with a 3 m
5 mm
straight edge or
template

(a) Variations in thickness

Superstruc

-5 mm to
Cast-in-

of top and bottom slab

ture
Situ

+10 mm
for box girders, top and
bottom flange for T-

241 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

girders or slabs

(b) Variations in web -5 mm to

thickness +10 mm

(c) Variations in overall

depth or width ±5 mm

(d) Variation in length shall not

overall and length exceed ±10mm
between bearings or ±0.1 per
cent of the
span length,
whichever is
lesser
(e) Permissible surface
irregularities when
Measured with a 3 m 5 mm
straight edge or
template

401.15 Tests and Standards of Acceptance ‫ آزمایشات و معیارهای پذیرش‬401.15

Concrete shall conform to the surface finish and ‫کانکریت باید به اختتامیه سطح و حد‬
tolerance as prescribed in these specifications for ‫مجازیکه به شکل پیشنویس در این مشخصات‬
respective components. .‫برای عناصر مربوطه صدق نماید‬
Random sampling and section by section of ‫نمونه گیری تصادفی (انتخابی) و برسی‬
acceptance inspection shall be made for the 28 ‫پذیرش قطعه به قطعه ریخت کانکریت برای‬
days compressive strength of concrete. .‫ روزه گرفته شود‬28 ‫مقاومت فشاری‬
‫قبل از ریخت کانکریت بمقصد پذیرش و‬
Concrete under acceptance shall be notionally
‫برای نمونه گیری در روی نقشه به قطعات‬
divided into sections for the purpose of sampling,
‫ حدود هر قطعه باید به اساس‬.‫تقسیم شود‬
before commencement of work. The delimitation
:‫ذیل تعین شود‬
of sections shall be determined by the following:
‫هیچ قطعه به اساس حجم نباید‬ )i(
(i) No individual section shall be
‫ متر مکعب باشد‬30 ‫بیشتر از‬
more than 30 cum. in volume

‫حد اقل یک نمونه (یک قالب) از‬ )ii(

(ii) At least one specimen forming
‫یک نوع جنسیت و تناسب مخلوط‬
an item of the sample ‫که در همان روز ریخت شده‬
representing the section shall
be taken from concrete of the ‫جنسیت مختلف کانکریت به قطعات‬ )iii(
same grade and mix ‫جداگانه تقسیم شود‬
proportions cast on any day. ‫مرکبات (عناصر) در پل قطعات کانکریت‬
‫از مرکبات (عناصر) مشابه استفاده شود‬
(iii) Different grades of mixes of
concrete shall be divided into

242 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

separate sections .

Concrete of a section shall be used in the same

identifiable component of the bridge.

(1) Sampling and testing ‫) نمونه گیری و آزمایش‬1(

(i) Concrete for making 6 test 3 ‫کانکریت برای تهیه‬ )i(
specimens shall be taken from ‫نمونه آزمایش باید از‬
a batch of concrete at point of ‫کانکریت مخلوط واحد که‬
delivery into construction. ‫به ساحه ساختمان انتقال‬
.‫شده گرفته شود‬
(ii) A random sampling procedure
to ensure that each of the ‫روش نمونه گیری تصادفی‬ )ii(
concrete batches forming the ‫بخاطر اطمینانی که چانس‬
section under acceptance ‫واحد‬ ‫مخلوط‬ ‫هر‬ ‫برای‬
‫کانکریت تحت برسی پذیرش‬
inspection has equal chance of
‫به شکل مساویانه قرار‬
being chosen for taking
‫میگیرد اختیار شود‬
specimens shall be adopted.

‫نمونه های شکل استوانه یی‬ )iii(

(iii) Cylindrical specimens shall be
،‫ساخته‬ ‫باید‬ )‫(سلندر‬
made, cured and tested at the
28 ‫مقاوم و آزمایش به عمر‬
age of 7 and 28 days for
‫روزه برای مقاومت فشاری‬
compressive strength in
AASHTO T22, ASTM ‫مطابق‬
accordance with AASHTO T22,
.‫ ویا معادل آن شود‬C39
ASTM C39 or equivalent. The
‫ ام آزمایش‬28 ‫نتیجه روز‬
28-day test strength result for
‫مقاومت برای هر نمونه در‬
each specimen shall form an ‫فارم منحیث یک رقم نمونه‬
item of the sample. ‫درج شود‬

(2) Test specimen and sample strength ‫آزمایش نمونه و مقاومت نمونه‬ )2(
Three test specimens shall be made from each ‫ ام از هر نمونه‬28 ‫برای آزمایش روز‬
sample for testing at 28 days. Additional .‫ عدد نمونه ساخته شود‬3 ‫گیری باید‬
specimens may be required for various purposes ‫نمونه های اضافی به مقاصد مختلفی مثل‬
such as to determine the strength of concrete at 7 ‫ روزه کانکریت و یا هدفی‬7 ‫مقاومت‬
days or for any other purpose. .‫دیگری ممکن گرفته شود‬
The test strength of the sample shall be the ‫مقاومت آزمایش نمونه گیری باید اوسط‬
average of the strength of 3 specimens. The ‫ اختالف انفرادی‬.‫ نمونه باشد‬3 ‫مقاومت‬
individual variation should not be more than ± 15 ‫ فیصد قیمت اوسط‬± 15 ‫نباید بیشتر‬
percent of the average. .‫باشد‬

(3) Frequency ‫) تعدد نمونه گیری‬3(

The minimum frequency of sampling of concrete ‫حد اقل تعدد نمونه گیری کانکریتی یک‬
of each grade shall be in accordance with the .‫جنسیت باید مطابق جدول ذیل باشد‬
following Table.

243 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Table 401-5: Minimum Frequency of Sampling of ‫ حد اقل تعدد نمونه گیری‬:5-401 ‫جدول‬
Concrete ‫کانکریت‬
Quantity of Concrete in work,
No. of samples
m3
1–5 1
6 – 15 2
16 – 30 3
31 – 50 4
4 plus on
additional
51 and above sample for each
additional 50m3
or part thereof
At least one sample shall be taken from each shift of ‫حداقل یک نمونه گیری از هر یک تایم‬
work. )‫کاری (شیفت‬

(4) Acceptance criteria ‫) شرایط پذیرش‬4(

a) Compressive Strength ‫) مقاومت فشاری‬a
When both the following conditions are met, ،‫وقتی هر دوشرایط ذیل صدق کند‬
the concrete complies with the specified ‫کانکریت با مقاومت فشاری تعین شده‬
compressive strength: :‫صدق مینماید‬

(i) The mean strength ‫مقاومت اوسط که از هر یکی‬ )i(

determined from any ‫متوالی‬ ‫گروپی‬ ‫چهار‬ ‫از‬
‫نمونه گیری شده باید به‬
group of four consecutive
‫خصوصیات مقاومت فشاری تعین‬
samples should exceed the
‫شده برسد‬
specified characteristic
compressive strength.
‫مقاومت هر یکی از نمونه‬ )ii(
3 ‫گیری ها نباید کمتر منفی‬
(ii) Strength of any sample is
‫ خصوصیات مقاومت فشاری‬MPa
not less than the specified
.‫تعین شده باشد‬
characteristic compressive
strength minus 3 MPa.
‫نتیجه آزمایشات نمونه گیری ها بشمول‬
‫مخلوط های واحد (بچ) از اول و اخر و‬
The quantity of concrete represented by the ‫در میان همه ارائه کننده مقدار حجم‬
test results include the batches from which .‫کانکریت ریزی میباشد‬
the first and last samples were taken,
together with all intervening batches.

b) Chloride and Sulphate Content ‫) محتوی کلوراید و سلفیت‬b

The total chloride and sulphuric anhydride (SO3) ‫مجموع محتوی کلوراید و سلفوریک‬
content of all the constituents of concrete as a ‫( همه یی مواد‬SO3) ‫انهایدرید‬
percentage of mass of cement in the mix shall ‫متشکله کانکریت به اساس فیصدی‬
not exceed the values given in this section of the ‫کتله سمنت نباید بمقدار ارائه شده‬
specifications. .‫این مشخصات برسد‬

244 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

If the concrete is not able to meet any of the ‫اگر کانکریت به هر یکی از معیارها‬
standards of acceptance as prescribed, the effect of ‫پذیرش تعین شده صدق نکند تأثیر نواقص‬
such deficiency on the structure shall be investigated ،‫آن باالی ساختمان طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
by the contractor as directed by the Engineer. The ‫ انجنیر‬.‫توسط قرارداد باید تحقیق شود‬
Engineer may accept the concrete as sub-standard ‫ممکن کانکریت را به اساس معیار به‬
work. Any additional work required by the engineer ‫ کار اضافی‬.‫منحیث کار درجه دوم بپذیرد‬
for such acceptance shall be carried out by the ‫الزم برای جبران کار پذیرفته شده مشروط‬
contractor at his cost. In case the concrete is not ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر وبه مصرف قراردادی‬
found to be acceptable after investigation, the ‫ در صورتیکه نتیجه بدست‬.‫انجام شود‬
Contractor shall remove the rejected concrete ‫آمده تحقیقات کانکریت قابل پذیرش‬
forthwith. ‫نباشد کانکریت رد و قراردادی آنرا‬
.‫باید دور کند‬

401.16 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬401.16

Structural concrete unless covered as structural ‫کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار) بدون آن‬
component in other items shall be measured in ‫که مثل یک عضو وزن بردار پوشانده شده‬
cubic meters for each grade of concrete. In ‫باید هر جنسیت به متر مکعب محاسبه‬
reinforced or pre-stressed concrete, the volume ،‫ کانکریت سیخدار و متشنج قبلی‬.‫شود‬
occupied by reinforcement or pre-stressing cables ‫حجمی را که سیخ ها و کیبل های متشنج‬
‫ پوشش‬.‫قبلی گرفته نباید تفریق گردد‬
and sheathing shall not be deducted. The slab shall
‫(سلب) به شکل پیوسته یک سطح کلی و بیم‬
be measured as running continuously through and
.‫یک بخش زیر پوشش محاسبه شود‬
the beam as the portion below the slab.
‫) کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار‬1( 401
‫به‬ )Structural Concrete, C15
401 (1) Structural Concrete, C15 cum
‫متر مکعب‬
‫) کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار‬2( 401
401 (2) Structural Concrete, C18 cum
‫به‬ )Structural Concrete, C18
‫متر مکعب‬
401 (3) Structural Concrete, C21 cum
‫) کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار‬3( 401
‫به‬ )Structural Concrete, C21
401 (4) Structural Concrete, C24 cum
‫متر مکعب‬
‫ کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار‬a)4( 401
‫)عمومی‬Structural Concrete, C24
‫به متر مکعب‬
‫ کانکریت سترکچری (وزن بردار‬b)4( 401
‫)پلچک مقطع‬Structural Concrete, C24
‫به متر مکعب‬ ‫مستطیلی‬

401.17 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬401.17

The Contract unit rate for structural concrete shall ‫قیمت فی واحد قرارداد برای کانکریت‬
cover cost of all materials, labors, tools, plant and ،‫وزن بردارباید شامل قیمت تمام مواد‬
equipment required for mixing, transporting and ‫ تأسیسات و ماشینری‬،‫اسباب‬،‫کارگران‬
placing in position, vibrating and compacting, ،‫ انتقال و ریخت کردن‬،‫الزم مخلوط کردن‬
finishing and curing as per this Section or as ‫ اختتامیه‬،‫ متراکم‬،)‫لرزاندن (اهتزاز‬
‫و مقاومسازی طبق این بخش و یا هدایت‬
directed by the Engineer, including all incidental
‫ نمونه گیری‬،‫ مصارف غیر مستقیم‬،‫انجنیر‬

245 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

expenses, sampling and testing, quality assurance ‫ مگر‬.‫ تضمین کیفیت ونظارت‬،‫و آزمایش‬
and supervision. Unless mentioned separately as ‫اینکه در قرارداد به شکل یک قلم‬
an item in the Contract, the Contract unit rate for ‫ قیمت فی واحد‬،‫جداگانه نیامده باشد‬
concrete shall also include the cost of providing, ‫ نصب‬،‫کانکریت همچنان باید شامل تهیه‬
fixing and removing formwork required for .‫و دور کردن قلب الزم کانکریت باشد‬
concrete work.

402 Reinforcing Steel ‫ فوالد تقویتی‬402

402.1 Scope of Work ‫ محدودۀ کاری‬402.1
This work shall consist of furnishing and placing ‫این فعالیت شامل تهیه جابجا کردن سیخ‬
coated or uncoated mild steel or high strength ‫ با مقاومت متوسط‬،‫پوشیده ویا بدون پوش‬
deformed reinforcement bars (untensioned) of the )‫ویا مقاومت باال سیخ رخدار (غیر متشنج‬
shape and dimensions shown on the drawings and ‫با شکل و ابعاد که در نقشه نشان داده‬
conforming to these Specifications or as approved ‫شده باید با این مشخصات ویا طبق هدایت‬
.‫انجنیر صدق نماید‬
by the Engineer.

402.2 Material ‫ مواد‬402.2

402.2.1 Reinforcement ‫ تقویت با فوالد‬402.2.1
Reinforcement steel shall be of the grade indicated ‫جنسیت سیخ فوالدی باید در نقشه ها‬
in the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer ‫ارائه شود ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر که‬
conforming to AASHTO M31 (or ASTM A 615) ‫ " سیخ‬AASHTO M31 (or ASTM A 615) ‫به‬
“Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for ‫های لشم و رخدار فوالد – کاربن برای‬
Concrete Reinforcement” or other equivalent ‫معیارهای بین‬ ‫تقویت کانکریت" ویا‬
international standards approved by the Engineer. ‫المللی معادل تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق‬
.‫کند‬
Table 402-1 Tensile Requirements of AASHTO AASHTO M31 ‫ شروط کششی‬1-402 ‫جدول‬
M31 (ASTM A 615) (ASTM A 615)
Grade
Grade

Grade
280
420

520

Grade
420
620

690

Tensile strength, min (MPa)

280
420

520

Yield strength, min (Mpa)

246 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Elongation in 200 mm, min (%)

Bar Designation No.

10
13, 16
19
22, 25 1 9 -
29, 32, 36 1 9 -
43, 57 1 9 7
2 8 7
1 7 6
2 7 6
-
-
-
Notes: :‫نوت‬
Grade 280 bars are furnished only in sizes 10 ‫به‬ 280 )‫سیخ های جنسیت (گرید‬
through 19 ‫ تولید میشود‬19 ‫ الی‬10 ‫اندازه‬

Grade 520 bars are furnished only in sizes 19 ‫به‬ 520 )‫سیخ های جنسیت (گرید‬
through 57 ‫ تولید میشود‬57 ‫ الی‬19 ‫اندازه‬

Bar mats for concrete reinforcement shall conform ASTM ‫جال های تقویت کانکریت باید به‬
to ASTM A 184 “Specification for Fabricated ‫ " مشخصات برای تقویت کانکریت‬A 184
Deformed Steel Bar Mats for Concrete ‫از جال سیخ رخدار تولید شده فابریکه‬
Reinforcement” or other equivalent international ‫" ویا معیارهای بین المللی معادل‬
standard approved by the Engineer. .‫تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق کند‬
Deformed wire for concrete reinforcement shall ‫سیم های رخدار برای کانکریت باید به‬
conform to ASTM A496 “Specification for Steel ‫تقویت‬ ‫برای‬ ‫ " مشخصات‬ASTM A496
Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement” or ‫ رخدار " و یا‬،‫کانکریت از سیم فوالدی‬
other equivalent international standard approved ‫معیارهای بین المللی معادل تصدیق شده‬
by the Engineer. .‫انجنیر صدق کند‬
‫جال های سیم لشم ویلد شده برای تقویت‬
Welded plain wire fabric for concrete
‫ "مشخصات‬ASTM A185 ‫کانکریت باید به‬
reinforcement shall conform to ASTM A185
‫برای تقویت کانکریت از جال سیم فوالدی‬
“Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric, Plain,
‫ لشم" و یا معیارهای بین‬،‫ویلد شده‬
for Concrete Reinforcement” or other equivalent
‫المللی معادل تصدیق شده انجنیر صدق‬
international standard approved by the Engineer. .‫کند‬
Welded deformed wire fabric for concrete ‫جال های سیم رخدار ویلد شده برای‬
reinforcement shall conform to ASTM A497 ASTM A497 ‫تقویت کانکریت باید به‬
“Specification for Steel Welded Wire fabric, ‫"مشخصات برای تقویت کانکریت از جال‬
Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement” or other ‫ رخدار" و یا‬،‫سیم فوالدی ویلد شده‬
equivalent international standard approved by the ‫معیارهای بین المللی معادل تصدیق شده‬
Engineer. .‫انجنیر صدق کند‬
All steel shall be procured from original producers ‫تمام فوالد باید از تولید کننده گان‬
and no re-rolled steel shall be incorporated in the ‫اصل تهیه گردد و واز سیخ های که‬

247 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

work. ‫دوباره شکل داده در کار نباید استفاده‬

Only new steel shall be delivered to the site. Every .‫شود‬
bar shall be inspected before assembling on the ‫تنها سیخ های جدید به ساحه انتقال‬
work and defective, brittle or burnt bar shall be ‫ هر سیخ باید قبل از استفاده آن‬.‫شود‬
discarded. Cracked ends of bars shall be discarded. ‫ شکنن و یا‬،‫برسی شود و سیخی ناقص‬
‫ انجام های درز‬.‫سوخته باید دور شود‬
Certificate sheet or technical data sheet with
‫شده سیخ ها باید دور شود‬
certification of purchased reinforcing steel shall be
‫صفحه (شیت) فابریکه و یا ورقه معلومات‬
submitted for approval of the Engineer. ‫تخنیکی و ورق تصدیق خریداری سیخ باید‬
‫بخاطر تصدیق کردن به انجنیر تسلیم‬
.‫داده شود‬

402.2.2 Protection of Reinforcement ‫ محافظت فوالد تقویتی‬402.2.2

Uncoated reinforcing steel shall be protected from ‫فوالد تقویتی بدون پوشش باید از زنگ و‬
rusting or chloride contamination. Reinforcements .‫ملوث شدن با کلوراید محافظت شود‬
shall be free from rust, mortar, loose mill scale, ،‫زنگ‬ ‫از‬ ‫عاری‬ ‫باید‬ ‫سیخبندی‬
grease, oil or paints. This may be ensured either by ،‫ گریس‬،‫نوشتار نرم فابریکه‬،‫مصالح‬
using reinforcement fresh from the factory or ‫ با استفاده از سیخ‬.‫روغن و یا رنگها‬
‫تازه تولید شده فابریکه و یا پاک کاری‬
thoroughly cleaning all reinforcement to remove
‫تمام سیخ ها از زنگ با استفاده یکی‬
rust using any suitable method such as san
‫ریگزنی‬ ‫مانند‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫روش‬ ‫از‬
blasting, mechanical wire brushing, etc., as ،)‫ برس میخانیکی(برس سیمی‬،)‫(سندبالست‬
directed by the Engineer. Reinforcements shall be ‫ طبق هدایت انجنیر خود را‬،.‫وغیره‬
stored on blocks, racks or platforms and above the ،‫ سیخها باید باالی بالکها‬.‫مطمئین ساخت‬
ground in a clean and dry condition and shall be ‫میز خوازه یی(رک) و یا سطح بلند‬
suitably marked to facilitate inspection and ‫(پالتفارم) باالتر از سطح زمین در شرایط‬
identification. ‫پاک و خشک ذخیره و برای برسی و تثبیت‬
Portions of uncoated reinforcing steel and dowels .‫باید طوری مناسب شماره گذاری شود‬
projecting from concrete shall be protected within ‫سیخهای بدون پوشش و سیخهای ارتباطی‬
one week after initial placing of concrete with a ‫که بیرون از کانکریت مانده در بین یک‬
brush coat of neat cement mixed with water to a ‫هفته بعد از اولین ریخت کانکریت باید‬
‫با پوشاندن سیخها توسط خمیره مخلوط‬
consistency of thick paint. This coating shall be
‫سمنت وآب با برس مثل یک الیه رنگ ضخیم‬
removed by lightly tapping with a hammer or
‫ این پوشش نباید یک هفته‬.‫محافظت شود‬
other tool not more than one week before placing
‫قبل از ریخت کانکریت متصل با زدن سیخ‬
of the adjacent pour of concrete. Coated .‫با چکش و یا اسباب دیگری دور شود‬
reinforcing steel shall be protected against ‫سیخهای پوشیده از صدمه رسیدن به پوش‬
damage to the coating. If the coating on the bars is ‫ اگر پوش سیخها هنگام‬.‫محافظت شود‬
damaged during transportation or handling and ‫انتقاالت و حمل کردن صدمه میرسد و قابل‬
cannot be repaired, the same shall be rejected. .‫ترمیم نباشد باید رد شود‬

402.3 Bending of Reinforcement ‫ خم کردن فوالد تقویتی‬402.3

Bar bending schedule shall be furnished by the ‫جدول خمکردن سیخ ها قبل از شروع کار‬
Contractor and approved by the Engineer before ‫باید توسط قراردادی تهیه وتوسط انجنیر‬
start of work. Reinforcing steel shall conform to ‫ سیخهای تقویتی باید با‬.‫تصدیق شود‬
the dimensions and shapes given in the approved ‫ابعاد وشکل نشان داده شده جدول تصدیق‬
Bar Bending Schedules. The approval of bar ‫ با تصدیق جدول خمکردن‬.‫شده صدق نماید‬
‫سیخ ها توسط انجنیر مسؤلیت قراردادی‬

248 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

bending schedule by the Engineer shall in no way ‫ هر مصرف اضافی که بخاطر‬.‫کم نمیشود‬
relieve the responsibility of the Contractor. Any )‫اصالح خم سیخهای ناقص جدول (جدول ناقص‬
expense incident to the incorrectness of the bar ‫به مطابقت به نقشه ها باید قراردادی‬
bending schedule to make them comply with the .‫جبران نماید‬
Drawings shall be borne by the Contractor. ‫سیخها باید در حالت سرد به ابعاد و‬
‫شکل تعین شده و یا طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
Bars shall be bent cold to the specified shape and
‫با استفاده از ماشین خمکن مناسبی دستی‬
dimensions or as directed by the Engineer using a
‫برقی بخاطر بدست آوردن شعاع‬ ‫و یا‬
proper bar bender, operated by hand or power to .‫مناسب و شکل مناسب خم (قات) شود‬
obtain the correct radii of bends and shape. Bars ‫سیخها نباید به شیوه خم و یا راست شود‬
shall not be bent or straightened in a manner that ‫که مواد اولیه ویا پوشش آن صدمه‬
will damage the parent material or the coating. .‫ببیند‬
Bars bent during transport or handling shall be ‫خمش سیخها که به خاطر حمل و نقل بوجود‬
straightened before being used on work and shall ‫میآید قبل از استفاده باید راست شود‬
not be heated to facilitate straightening. ‫و از گرم نمودن بخاطر سهولت راست کردن‬
.‫نباید استفاده شود‬

402.4 Placing of Reinforcement ‫فوالد‬ )‫(سیخبندی‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫جابجا‬

402.4
‫تقویتی‬
402.4.1 The reinforcement cage should ‫عمومأ در روی‬ ‫ سیخهای قفسی‬402.4.1
generally be fabricated in the yard at ‫زمین ساخته شده و بعدأ انتقال و جابجا‬
ground level and then shifted and ‫ سیخبندی باید بسیار دقیق مطابق‬.‫میشود‬
placed in position. The reinforcement ‫نقشه ها صورت گیرد و باید وقتی منتاژ‬
shall be placed strictly in accordance ‫شود که ساختمان آماده کانکریت ریزی‬
‫ نباید اجازه داد تا فاصله زمانی‬.‫باشد‬
with the drawings and shall be
‫طوالنی بین منتاژ سیخبندی قفسی و‬
assembled in position only when the
‫کانکریت ریزی بگذرد که سبب ایجاد زنگ‬
structure is otherwise ready for
.‫در سطح شود‬
placing of concrete. Prolonged time
gap between assembling of ‫ سیخها باید طوری صحیح مطابق‬402.4.2
reinforcements and casting of ‫ سیخها متقاطع باید‬.‫نقشه ها جابجا شود‬
concrete, which may result in rust ‫یکی با دیگر باید هر تقاطع با سیم نرم‬
formation on the surface, shall not be ‫بسته شود تا یک اسکلیت سخت سیخها را‬
permitted. ‫بوجود آورده تا در زمان کانکریت ریزی‬
‫ سیم‬.‫و یا فعالیت دیگری بیجا نشوند‬
402.4.2 Reinforcement bars shall be placed 1 ‫های نرم بسته کاری نباید خوردتر از‬
accurately in position as shown on the .‫ملیمتر باشد‬
drawings. The bars, crossing one
another shall be tied together at every ‫ سیخها معموأل به روشهای ذیل‬402.4.3
:‫در مؤقعیت نگهداشته میشود‬
intersection with binding wire
(annealed) to make the skeleton of ،‫در صورتی ساختمان بیم و سلب‬ )i(
‫بالک ساخته از کانکریت به‬
the reinforcement rigid such that the
‫ضخامت معادل پوش تعین شده‬
reinforcement does not get displaced
‫باید بین سیخ وقالب گذاشته‬
during placing of concrete, or any
‫ بالک (فاصله دهنده) تولید‬.‫شود‬
other operation. The diameter of ‫صنایع در صورت موجودیت سندی‬
binding wire shall not be less than 1 ‫که نشاندهنده این که از ترکیب‬
mm. ‫به‬ ‫زیانی‬ ‫کانکریت‬ ‫آنبا‬

249 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

‫کانکریت و سیخها نداشته ممکن‬

402.4.3 Bars shall be kept in position usually .‫انجنیر اجازه بدهد‬
by the following methods:
(i) In case of beam and slab ‫در صورتی سیخهای ارتباطی پایه‬ )ii(
construction, cover blocks ‫ سیخ های عمودی‬،‫ها و دیوارها‬
made of concrete of thickness ‫باید با استفاده از چوب با‬
equal to the specified cover ‫ایجاد جری (چوب فاصل) در آن‬
‫نگهداشته شود و یا بالک (فاصله‬
shall be placed between the
.‫دهنده) پوش به سیخ بسته شود‬
bars and formwork. The
‫چوب فاصل وقتی کانکریت نزدیک‬
concrete cover blocks shall
‫به سطح و یا ارتفاع خود برسد‬
have the same strength and .‫باید دورشود‬
specification as those of the ‫الها (طبقه ها) سیخبندی توسط‬ )iii(
member. Industrially produced ‫سیخ های فاصله دهنده تقریبأ‬
polymer cover blocks subject to ‫در هر یک متر جدا از همدیگر‬
satisfactory evidence that the ‫ حد اقل قطر سیخ‬.‫نگهداشته شود‬
polymer composition is not ‫ ملی‬12 ‫های فاصله دهنده باید‬
harmful to concrete and ‫متر و یا معادل قطر اعظمی سیخ‬
reinforcement may be ‫های اساسی (محاسبوی) و یا‬
permitted by the Engineer. ‫ هرکدام آن‬، ‫بزرگترین قطر جغل‬
(ii) In case of dowels for columns ‫ سیخ های افقی‬.‫که بیشترباشد‬
and walls, the vertical ‫بین اتکأ ها نباید اجازه داد‬
reinforcement shall be kept in .‫که انحنا نماید‬
position by means of timber ‫ فاصله‬،‫ کرسی های فلزی‬،‫بالک ها‬ )iv(
templates with slots cut in ‫ اویزان گیرنده های‬،‫دهنده ها‬
them accurately, or with cover ‫ سیمهای تقویتی و غیره‬،‫فلزی‬
‫الزم و یا سیخهای اضافی باید‬
blocks tied to the
‫برای موقعیت دادن سیخ بجا‬
reinforcement. Timber
.‫مناسب ومستحکم تهیه شود‬
templates shall be removed
‫ نل‬،‫ پارچه سنگ‬،‫استفاده جغل‬ )v(
after the concreting has
‫ مصالح و یا بالک‬،‫ خشت‬،‫فلزی‬
progressed up to a level just ‫وسایل‬ ‫منحیث‬ ‫وغیره‬ ‫چوبی‬
below their location. ‫موقعیت دادن سیخها باید اجازه‬
(iii) Layers of reinforcements shall .‫داده نشود‬
be separated by spacer bars at ‫ سیخها رنگ شده (پوشیده) با‬402.4.4
approximately one meters ‫ایپوکسی و یا هر پوشش پذیرفته شدۀ‬
intervals. The minimum ‫دیگر باید باالی اتکأ گذاشته شود که‬
diameter of spacer bars shall be ‫ اتکأ ها طوری‬.‫به پوشش آن صدمه نرسد‬
12 mm or equal to maximum ‫نصب شود که در کانکریت سخت شده سطح‬
size of main reinforcement or ‫ سیخ های رنگ شده برای‬.‫نرم ایجاد نشود‬
maximum size of coarse ‫موقعیت دادن از پالستیک و سیم رنگ شده‬
‫و بالخصوص که به همین مقصد تولید شده‬
aggregate, whichever is
‫ شرایط‬1000 ‫ باید به بخش‬.‫استفاده شود‬
greater. Horizontal
.‫دیگر رجعت داده شود‬
reinforcement shall not be
allowed to sag between
supports.
(iv) Necessary stays, blocks, metal

250 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

chairs, spacers, metal hangers,

supporting wires etc., or other
subsidiary reinforcement shall
be provided to fix the
reinforcements firmly in its
correct position.
(v) Use of pebbles, broken stone,
metal pipe, brick, mortar or
wooden blocks etc., as devices
for positioning reinforcement
shall not be permitted.

402.4.4 Bars coated with epoxy or any other

approved protective coating shall be
placed on supports that do not
damage the coating. Supports shall be
installed in a manner such that planes
of weakness are not created in
hardened concrete. The coated
reinforcing steel shall be held in place
by use of plastic or plastic coated
binding wires especially
manufactured for the purpose.

402.4.5 Placing and fixing of reinforcement

shall be inspected and approved by
the Engineer before placing concrete.

402.5 Bar Splices ‫ پیوند سیخ ها‬402.5

402.5.1 Lapping ‫ تمدید طول‬402.5.1
All reinforcement shall be furnished in full lengths ‫تمام سیخ ها طوری که در نقشه ها ارائه‬
as indicated on the drawing. No splicing of bars, ‫ هیچ‬.‫شده به طول مکمل آن انداخته شود‬
except where shown on the drawing, will be ‫پیوند سیخها به استثنای جایکه در نقشه‬
permitted without approval of the Engineer. The ‫ بعد از تصدیق انجنیر‬،‫نشانداده شده‬
lengths of the splice shall be as indicated on ‫ طول پیوند باید‬.‫اجازه داده میشود‬
‫مطابق به طول ارائه شده نقشه و یا به‬
drawing or as approved by the Engineer. Where
‫ جایکه قابل‬.‫اساس تصدیق انجنیر باشد‬
practicable, overlapping bars shall be bound with
‫باید‬ ‫تطبیق باشد طول تمدید یافته‬
annealed steel binding wire, not less than 1 mm
‫توسط سیم نرم (سیمتابی) که ازقطر آن‬
diameter and twisted tight such a manner as to ‫کمتر از یک ملی متر نباشد طوری بسته‬
maintain minimum clear cover to the ‫ضخامت پوش کانکریتی‬ ‫شود که کمترین‬
reinforcement from the concrete surface. Lapped ‫ پیوند تمدید طولی سیخها باید‬.‫حفظ شود‬
splices shall be staggered or located at points, ‫درنقطه نباشد و یا در جای از وایه که‬
along the span where stresses are low. .‫تشنج کم باشد موقعیت داده شود‬

402.5.2 Welding ‫ ولدینگ کردن‬402.5.2

251 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

Splicing by welding of reinforcement shall not be ‫نباید‬ ‫پیوند سیخها با ولدینگ اجازه‬
permitted unless if detailed on the drawing or ‫ارائه‬ ‫داده شود مگر اینکه درنقشه ها‬
approved by the Engineer. Weld shall develop an .‫باشد‬ ‫شده و یا انجنیر تصدیق کرده‬
ultimate strength equal to or greater than that of ‫شودکه‬ ‫ولدینگ باید تاوقتی توسعه داده‬
the bars connected. ‫پیوند‬ ‫به معادل مقاومت نهایی سیخ‬
.‫شونده برسد و اضافه تر شود‬

402.5.3 Mechanical Coupling of Bars ‫ پیوند میخانیکی سیخ ها‬402.5.3

Bars may be joined with approved patented ‫سیخها ممکن با اسباب خاصی میخانیکی‬
mechanical devices as indicated on the drawing or ‫تصدیق شده که در نقشه ارائه شده و یا‬
as approved by the Engineer e.g. by special grade ‫توسط انجنیر پذیرفته شده مثل سامی‬
steel sleeves swaged on to bars in end to end ‫چوریدار از جنسیت خاصی فوالد که دو‬
contact or by screwed couplers. In case such .‫پیوند کند‬ ‫انجام سیخها را باهم‬
‫درصورتیکه این اسباب توسط انجنیر‬
devices are permitted by the Engineer, they shall
‫اجازه داده شود باید خواص آن نسبت به‬
develop at least 125 per cent of the characteristic
.‫ فیصد باشد‬125 ‫مقاومت سیخ‬
strength of the reinforcement bar.

402.6 Testing and Acceptance ‫ آزمایش و پذیرش‬402.6

The material shall be tested in accordance with ‫مواد باید نظر به مشخصات مربوطه آن‬
relevant Specifications and necessary test ‫آزمایش و با تصدیق نامه الزم همراه‬
certificates shall be furnished. Additional tests, if ‫ اگر آزمایشاتی اضافی ضرورت باشد‬.‫باشد‬
required, shall be carried out by the Contractor at his .‫بمصرف خود قراردادی باید اجرأ شود‬
own cost. ‫ تهیه و جابجا کردن سیخها باید‬،‫ساخت‬
The fabrication, furnishing and placing of ‫مطابق این مشخصات بوده و باید توسط‬
reinforcement shall be in accordance with these .‫انجنیر برسی وپذیرفته شود‬
Specifications and shall be checked and accepted by
the Engineer.

402.7 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬402.7

Reinforcement shall be measured in length ‫ در‬،‫سیخها باید بشمول چنگک آن به طول‬
including hooks, if any, separately for different ‫صورت موجودیت قطر های مختلف به شکل‬
diameters as actually used in work, excluding ‫جداگانه وبدون تذئید طولی که بخاطر‬
overlaps. From the length so measured, the weight ‫ از‬.‫پیوند است اندازه گیری میشود‬
of reinforcement shall be calculated in tones on ‫اندازه گیری طولی وزن سیخها به اساس‬
‫تن محاسبه گردد درصورتی که وزن فی‬
the basis of the unit weight of steel is equal to 7.85
‫ تن فی مترمکعب‬7.85 ‫واحد حجم فوالد‬
tons/m3. Wastage, overlaps, couplings, welded
joints, spacer bars, chairs, stays, hangers and ‫ تذئید‬،‫ ضایعات‬.‫) است‬7.85 ton/m3 (
‫بالک های‬،‫ پیوند ولدینگی‬،‫ سامی‬،‫طولی‬
annealed steel wire or other methods for binding
‫ کرسی های فلزی واویزان‬، ‫فاصله دهنده‬
and placing shall not be measured and cost of
‫ سیم نرم و دیگر روش‬،‫گیرنده های فلزی‬
these items shall be deemed to be included in the
‫های سیمتابی و سیخبندی به شکل جداگانه‬
rates for reinforcement. ‫باید محاسبه نگردد بلکه قیمت این اقالم‬
.‫در نرخ سیخهای تقویتی شامل شود‬
402 (1) Reinforcement, deformed bars ‫ سیخهای رخدار‬،‫سیخ تقویتی‬ )1( 402
ton ‫تن‬

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402.8 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬402.8

The contract unit rate for coated/uncoated ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای سیخ پوشدار‬
reinforcement shall cover the cost of material, ‫\ بدون پوش باید دربرگیرنده قیمت‬
fabricating, transporting, storing, bending, ،‫ خمکردن‬،‫ذخیره‬،‫ انتقال‬،‫ تولید‬،‫مواد‬
placing, binding and fixing in position as shown on ‫ سیمتابی و موقعیت دادن‬،‫جابجا کردن‬
the drawings as per these Specifications and as ‫آن طوریکه در نقشه ها نشان داده شده‬
‫و به اساس این مشخصات و به اساس هدایت‬
directed by the Engineer, including all labors, tools,
،‫ بشمول مصارف تمام قوای بشری‬،‫انجنیر‬
equipment, supplies, royalty, transportation,
،‫امتیازی‬ ‫اخاذی‬ ،‫وسایل‬ ،‫اسباب‬
incidentals, sampling, testing and supervision.
‫ نمونه‬،‫ مصارف غیرمستقیم‬،‫انتقاالت‬
.‫ آزمایشات و برسی‬،‫گیری‬

403 Formwork ‫ قالب بندی‬403

403.1 Scope of Work ‫ محدودۀ کاری‬403.1
Formwork shall include all temporary or ‫قالب بندی باید شامل قالب های مؤقتی‬
permanent forms required for forming the ‫و یا دایمی الزم قالببندی کانکریت با‬
concrete of the shape, dimensions and surface ‫ ابعاد و سطح اختتامیه که درنقشه‬،‫شکل‬
finish as shown on the drawing or as directed by ‫ها نشان داده شده و یا طبق هدایت‬
the Engineer, together with all props, staging, ،‫انجنیر همراه با تمام اتکأ های عمودی‬
‫ خوازه و ساختمان‬،‫ تخته فرش‬،‫وافقی‬
centering, scaffolding and temporary construction
.‫مؤقتی الزم برای اتکأ آنها میباشد‬
required for their support.

403.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬403.2

Timber materials shall conform to AASHTO M168 ‫ باید و یا‬AASHTO M168 ‫مواد چوب با‬
or equivalent. Metal materials shall conform to the ‫ مواد فلزی‬.‫معادل آن مطابقت نماید‬
relevant international standards or equivalent. ‫باید با معیار بین المللی مربوطه و‬
Materials and components used for formwork .‫یا معادل آن مطابقت نماید‬
shall be examined for damage or excessive ‫مواد و یا ترکببات که در قالببندی‬
deterioration before use/re-use and shall be used ‫استفاده میشود باید برای صدمه و تخریب‬
‫قبل از استفاده \ استفاده دوباره‬
only if found suitable after necessary repairs. In
‫آزمایش و صرف بعد از ترمیم هر گاه‬
case of timber formwork, the inspection shall not
‫ در‬.‫مناسب باشد باید استفاده گردد‬
only cover physical damages but also signs of
‫صورتی که از قالببندی چوبی استفاده‬
attacks by decay, rot or insect attack or the ‫میشود تنها صدمه فزیکی برسی نشود بلکه‬
development of splits. ‫باید عالیم حمله فرسوده گی و پوسیده‬
Forms shall be constructed with metal or timber. ‫گی و یا حمله حشرات وانکشاف درزها نیز‬
The metal used for forms shall be of such thickness .‫برسی گردد‬
that the forms remain true to shape. All bolts ‫قالب ها باید از فلز و یا چوب ساخته‬
should be countersunk. The use of approved ‫ فلزی که برای قالبها استفاده‬.‫شود‬
internal steel ties or steel or plastic spacers shall ‫میشود به اندازه ئی ضخیم باشد که شکل‬
be permitted. Structural steel tubes used as ‫ تمام بولتها‬.‫حقیقی قالب باقی بماند‬
support for forms shall have a minimum wall ‫ از‬.‫از طرف داخل به بیرون باید باشد‬
thickness of 4 mm. Other materials may also be ‫ فاصله دهنده‬،‫بست های داخلی فوالدی‬
‫فوالدی و یا پالستیکی تصدیق شده اجازه‬
used if approved by the Engineer.
‫ از نل(تیوب) های وزن بردار‬.‫داده شود‬
‫ ملی مترضخامت دیوار‬4 ‫فوالدی که حد اقل‬
‫آن باشد برای اتکأهای عمودی استفاده‬

253 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

‫ در صورتی تصدیق انجنیر میتوان‬.‫شود‬

.‫از مواد دیگر استفاده کرد‬

403.3 Design of Formwork ‫ دیزاین قالب بندی‬403.3

403.3.1 The Contractor shall furnish the design ‫مکمل‬ ‫باید‬ ‫قراردادی‬ 403.3.1
and drawings of complete formwork ‫قالببندی را طرح (دیزاین) و نقشه ها‬
(i.e. the forms as well as their supports) )‫تهیه (قالب ها همراه با اتکأهای آن‬
for approval of the Engineer before any ‫و قبل از منتاژ کردن باالی انجنیر‬
erection is taken up. If proprietary ‫ اگر سیستم قالببندی نمونه‬.‫تصدیق کند‬
system of formwork is used, the ‫وی استفاده میشود قراردادی باید‬
Contractor shall furnish detailed ‫معلومات مشرح برای تصدیق انجنیر تهیه‬
information to the Engineer for ‫ بدون تصدیق و یا مرور نقشه ها‬.‫نماید‬
approval. ‫ تمام مسؤلیت‬،‫و دیزاین توسط انجنیر‬
‫بدوش‬ ‫قالببندی‬ ‫مصؤنیت‬ ‫و‬ ‫کفایت‬
Notwithstanding any approval or review of .‫قراردادی میباشد‬
drawing and design by the Engineer, the
Contractor shall be entirely responsible for
‫طرح قالببندی باید اطمینان دور کردن‬
.‫قالب بدون مداخله در کانکریت را بدهد‬
the adequacy and safety of formwork.
‫طرح قالببندی تسهیالت مناسب و مصؤن‬
The design of the formwork shall ensure that the
‫برای برسی تمام بخش های‬ ‫دسترسی‬
forms can be conveniently removed without
.‫قالببندی را مهیا سازد‬
disturbing the concrete. The design shall facilitate
proper and safe access to all parts of formwork for
inspection.

403.4 Workmanship ‫ مهارت کسبه‬403.4

403.4.1 The formwork shall be robust and strong ‫سخت‬ ‫باید‬ ‫قالببندی‬ 403.4.1
and the joints shall be leak-proof. .‫ومستحکم با درز مانع نفوذ شیره باشد‬
Staging must have cross bracings and ‫اتکأها عمودی باید به شکل متقاطع و‬
diagonal bracings in both directions. .‫مایل به هر دو جهت اتکأ داده شود‬
Staging shall be provided with an ‫اتکأها عمودی باید با صفحه قاعده‬
‫(پلیت) مناسبی طرح شده که به بستر سخت‬
appropriately designed base plate
.‫متکی است مجهزگردد‬
resting on firm strata.
‫ تعداد درزها در قالببندی‬403.4.2
403.4.2 The number of joints in the formwork shall ‫باید با استفاده از تخته (پنل)های‬
be kept to a minimum by using large ‫ طرح باید یک‬.‫بزرگ در حداقل نگهداشت‬
size panels. The design shall provide for ‫ تمام‬.‫سهولت را برای مسیر مهیا سازد‬
proper “soldiers” to facilitate ‫درزها باید مانع نفوذ باشد وطوری درست‬
alignment. All joints shall be leak proof (‫ استفاده از مقطع تی‬.‫باید بسته شود‬
and must be properly sealed. Use of ‫) مانند پالستیک (پی وی سی) بخاطر‬T
PVC T-section is essential to prevent .‫جلوگیری از نفوذ دوغاب الزمی است‬
leakage of grout.
‫ تا حد تطبیق از قید ها‬403.4.3
403.4.3 As far as practicable, clamps shall be used ‫بخاطر باهم نگهداشتن قالبها استفاده‬
‫ جایکه میخ زدن اجتناب پذیر نباشد‬.‫شود‬
to hold the forms together. Where use
‫باید حداقل میخ استفاده شود و بخاطر‬
of nails is unavoidable minimum
‫سهل دوباره کشیدن باید میخ برجسته‬
number of nails shall be used and these

254 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

shall be left projecting so that they can ‫ استفاده از میخهای سردوطبقه‬.‫بماند‬

be withdrawn easily. Use of double .‫باید ترجیع داد شود‬
headed nails shall be preferred.
‫ استفاده از بستها تا حتی‬403.4.4
403.4.4 Use of ties shall be restricted, as far as ‫ جایکه از بستها‬.‫االمکان محدود شود‬
HDPE ‫استفاده میشود باید در بین پایپ‬
practicable. Wherever ties are used
‫کار شود چون به ساده گی بست از آن‬
they shall be used with HDPE sheathing
‫ هیچ قسمتی آن نباید برهنه‬.‫کشیده شود‬
so that the ties can easily be removed. ‫و یا نزدیک سطح باشد که سبب فرسایش‬
No parts prone to corrosion shall be left ‫ با دوغاب مصالح سمنتی‬HDPE ‫ پایپ‬.‫شود‬
projecting or near the surface. The .‫با مقاومت مشابه خود ساختمان پر شود‬
sheathing shall be grouted with cement
mortar of the same strength as that of ‫ در صورتیکه مشخص ویا‬403.4.5
the structure. ‫هدایت داده نشده باشد کند کننده ها و‬
X ‫ م م‬25 ‫یا فیته مثلثی اندازه های‬
403.4.5 Unless otherwise specified, or directed, ‫ م م در کنج قالب برای جلوگیری از‬25
chamfers or fillets of sizes 25 mm x 25 ‫ کند کننده ها‬.‫کنار های تیز نصب شود‬
mm shall be provided at all angles of ‫و یا فیته مثلثی و یا شکل دهنده باید‬
‫ مجرأ ها که‬.‫در خود قالب ساخته شود‬
the formwork to avoid sharp corners.
‫برای تجهیزات نصب شونده و دیگر اتصاالت‬
The chamfers, beveled edges and
‫باید در قالب طبق هدایت انجنیر تهیه‬
moldings shall be made in the
.‫شود‬
formwork itself. Opening for fixtures
and other fittings shall be provided in ‫ اعضای‬،‫ قالببندی دیوار‬403.4.6
the shuttering as directed by the ‫مایل و مقاطع باریکی با ارتفاع قابل‬
Engineer. ‫مالحظه باید مجرأ های مؤقتی برای اجازه‬
‫برسی و پاک کاری قبل از کانکریت ریزی‬
403.4.6 Shuttering for walls, sloping members and .‫مهیا شود‬
thin sections of considerable height
shall be provided with temporary ‫باید به شکل‬ ‫ قالببندی‬403.4.7
openings to permit inspection and ‫کمانقبلی ساخته شود تا بخشی تحتانی‬
cleaning out before placing of concrete. ‫شکل‬ .‫قالب به انحنا اجازه دهد‬
‫کمانقبلی قالب بر عالوه کمان دایمی‬
‫ساختار (سترکچر) که در نقشه ها ارائه‬
403.4.7 The formwork shall be constructed with
.‫شده است‬
pre-camber to the soffit to allow for
deflection of the formwork. Pre- ‫ جایکه ترس ها طولی برای‬403.4.8
camber to allow for deflection of ‫ساخت ساختمان (قسمت باالیی از سطح‬
formwork shall be in addition to that ‫ مفصلهای ترس‬،‫زمین) مد نظر گرفته شده‬
indicated for the permanent structure ‫ ریپیت و یا بولت‬،‫طولی اگر ویلدینگ‬
in the drawings. ‫شده باید طوری کامل به شکل مرحله یی‬
‫ همچنان اعضأ مختلف ترس‬.‫برسی گردد‬
403.4.8 Where centering trusses or launching ‫طولی قبل از کانکریت ریزی برای‬
trusses are adopted for casting of ‫استقامت مناسب و تغیر شکل ناخواسته‬
superstructure, the joints of the ‫ آنها‬.‫به شکل مرحله یی برسی گردند‬
centering trusses, whether welded, ‫باید بخاطر فرسایش از اثر زنگزدن فوالد‬
.‫به شکل مرحله یی برسی گردد‬
riveted or bolted should be thoroughly
checked periodically. Also, various

255 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

members of the centering trusses

should be periodically examined for
proper alignment and unintended
deformation before proceeding with
the concreting. They shall also be
periodically checked for any
deterioration in quality due to steel
corrosion.

403.4.9 The formwork shall be so made as to

produce a finished concrete true to
shape, line and levels and dimensions
as shown on the drawings, subject to
the tolerances specified in respective
sections of these Specifications, or as
directed by the Engineer.

403.4.10 Where metal forms are used, all bolts

and rivets shall be countersunk and
well ground to provide a smooth, plane
surface. Where timber is used it shall
be well seasoned, free from loose
knots, projecting nails, splits or other
defects that may mar the surface of
concrete.

403.4.11 Forms shall be made sufficiently rigid by

the use of ties and bracings to prevent
any displacement or sagging between
supports. They shall be strong enough
to withstand all pressure, ramming and
vibration during and after placing the
concrete. Screw jacks or hard wood
wedges where required shall be
provided to make up any settlement in
the formwork either before or during
the placing of concrete.

403.4.12 The formwork shall take due account of

the calculated amount of positive or
negative camber so as to ensure the
correct final shape of the structures,
having regard to the deformation of
false work, scaffolding or propping and
the instantaneous or deferred

256 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

deformation due to various causes

affecting pre-stressed structures.

403.4.13 Suitable camber shall be provided to

horizontal members of structure,
especially in long spans to counteract
the effects of deflection. The formwork
shall be so fixed as to provide for such
camber.

The formwork shall be coated with an approved

release agent that will effectively prevent sticking
and will not stain the concrete surface. Lubricating
(machine oils) shall be prohibited for use as
coating.

403.5 Formed Surface and Finish ‫ سطح قالب و اختتامیه‬403.5

The formwork shall be lined with material
approved by the Engineer so as to provide a
smooth finish of uniform texture and appearance.
This material shall leave no stain on the concrete
and so fixed to its backing as not to impart any
blemishes. It shall be so fixed to its backing as not
to impart any blemishes. It shall be of the same
type and obtained from only one source
throughout for the construction of any one
structure. The Contractor shall make good any
imperfections in the resulting finish as required by
the Engineer. Internal ties and embedded metal
parts shall be carefully detailed and their use shall
be subject to the approval of the Engineer.

403.6 Precautions ‫ اقدامات احتیاطی‬403.6

(i) Special measures in the design of
formwork shall be taken to ensure that it
does not hinder the shrinkage of concrete.
The soffit of the formwork shall be so
designed as to ensure that the formwork
does not restrain the shortening and/or
hogging of beams during pre-stressing.
The forms may be removed at the earliest
opportunity subject to the minimum time
for removal of forms with props retained
in position.

257 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

(ii) Where necessary, formwork shall be so

arranged that the soffit form, property
supported on props only can be closed
with the same grade of concrete as the
adjoining structure immediately after
removal of formwork ensuring watertight
joints.

(iii) Any cut-outs or openings provided in any

structural member to facilitate erection of
formwork shall be closed with the same
grade of concrete as the adjoining
structure immediately after removal of
formwork ensuring watertight joints.

(iv) Provision shall be made for safe access on,

to and about the formwork at the levels as
required.

(v) Close watch shall be maintained to check

for settlement of formwork during
concreting. Any settlement of formwork
during concreting shall be promptly
rectified.

(vi) Water used for curing should not be

allowed to stagnate near the base plates
supporting the staging and should be
properly drained.

403.7 Preparation of Formwork Before Concrete ‫ آماده سازی قالب بندی قبل از‬403.7
‫ریخت کانکریت‬
The inside surfaces of forms shall, except in the
case of permanent form work or where otherwise
agreed to by the Engineer be coated with a release
agent supplied by approved manufacturer or of an
approved material to prevent adhesion of
concrete to the formwork. Release agents shall be
applied strictly in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions and shall not be
allowed to come into contact with any
reinforcement or pre-stressing tendons and
anchorages. Different release agents shall not be
used in formwork for exposed concrete.
Before re-use of forms, the following actions shall

258 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

be taken:
(i) The contact surfaces of the
forms shall be cleaned carefully
and dried before applying a
release agent.

(ii) It should be ensured that the

release agent is appropriate to
the surface to be coated. The
same type and make of release
agent shall be used throughout
on similar formwork materials
and different types should not
be mixed.

(iii) The form surfaces shall be

evenly and thinly coated with
release agent. The vertical
surface shall be treated before
horizontal surface and any
excess wiped out.

(iv) The release agent shall not

come in contact with
reinforcement or the hardened
concrete.

All forms shall be thoroughly cleaned immediately

before concreting.
The Contractor shall give the Engineer due notice
before placing any concrete in the forms to permit
him to inspect and approve the formwork, but
such inspection shall not relieve the Contractor of
his responsibility for safety of formwork, men,
machinery, materials and finish or tolerances of
concrete.

403.8 Removal of Formwork ‫ باز (دور) کردن قالب‬403.8

The scheme for removal of formwork (i.e. de-
shuttering and de-centering) shall be planned in
advance and furnished to the Engineer for scrutiny
and approval. No formwork or any part thereof
shall be removed without prior approval of the
Engineer.
The formwork shall be removed so as not to cause

259 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

any damage to concrete. Centering shall be

gradually and uniformly lowered in such a manner
as to permit the concrete to take stresses due to
its own weight uniformly and gradually to avoid
any shock or vibration.
Where not specifically approved, the time of
removal of formwork (when ordinary Portland
cement is used without any admixtures at an
ambient temperature exceeding 10 degrees
Celsius) shall be as under:
a) Walls, piers, abutments, columns and : 24 to 48 hours as may be decided by the
vertical faces of structural members Engineer
b) Soffits of Slabs : 3 days
(with props left under)
c) Props (left under slabs) : 14 days
d) Soffit of Girders : 7 days
(with props left under)
e) Props(left under girders) : 21 days
Where there are re-entrant angles in the concrete
sections, the formwork should be removed at the
sections as soon as possible after the concrete has
set, in order to avoid cracking due to shrinkage of
concrete.

403.9 Re-Use of Formwork ‫ استفاده تکرار قالب‬403.9

When formwork is dismantled, its individual
components shall be examined for damage and
damaged pieces shall be removed for rectification.
Such examination shall always be carried out
before being used again. Before re-use all
components shall be cleaned of deposits of soil,
concrete or other unwanted materials. Threaded
parts shall be oiled after cleaning.
All bent steel props shall be straightened before re-
use. The maximum deviation from straightness is
1/600 of the length. The maximum permissible
axial loads in used props shall be suitably reduced
depending upon their condition. The condition of
the timber components, plywood and steel
shuttering plates shall be examined closely for
distortion and defects before re-use.

403.10 Specialized Formwork )‫ قالب بندی خاص (قالب خاص‬403.10

Specialized formwork may be required in the case
of slip-form work, underwater concreting,

260 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

segmental construction etc. Such specialized

formwork shall be designed and detailed by
competent agencies and a set of complete working
drawings and installation instructions shall be
supplied to the Engineer. The site personnel shall
be trained in the erection and dismantling as well
as operation of such specialized formwork. In case
proprietary equipment is used, the supplier shall
supply drawings, details, installation instructions,
etc., in the form of manuals along with the
formwork. Where specialized formwork is used,
close co-ordination with the design of permanent
structure is necessary.
For slip-form the rate of slipping the formwork
shall be designed for each individual case taking
into account various parameters including the
grade of concrete, concrete strength, concrete
temperature, ambient temperature, concrete
admixtures, etc. in the case of segmental
construction, the concrete mix shall be normally
designed for developing high early strength so that
the formwork is released as early as possible.
In order to verify the time and sequence of
striking/removal of specialized formwork, routine
field tests for the consistency of concrete and
strength development are mandatory and shall be
carried out before adoption.
For specialized formwork, the form lining material
may be either plywood or steel of appropriate
thickness. Plywood is preferred where superior
quality of surface is desired, whereas steel
sheeting is normally used where large number of
repetitions is involved.

403.11 Tests and Standards of Acceptance ‫ آزمایشات و معیارهای پذیرش‬403.11

The material shall be tested in accordance with
these Specifications and shall meet the prescribed
criteria.
The work shall conform to these Specifications and
shall meet the prescribed standards of acceptance.

403.12 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬403.12

Unless stated otherwise the rate for concrete in
plain concrete, reinforced concrete or pre-stressed
concrete shall be deemed to include all formwork

261 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 4: Concrete Works General Technical Specification

required in accordance with this section and shall

not be measured separately.
Where it is specifically stipulated in the Contract
that the formwork shall be paid for separately,
measurement of formwork shall be taken in
square meters of the surface area of concrete
which is in contact with formwork.

403.13 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬403.13

The Contract unit rate of the plain concrete,
reinforced concrete or pre-stressed concrete as
defined in respective sections shall be deemed to
cover the costs of all formwork, including cost of
all materials, labors, tools and plant required for
design, construction and removal of formwork and
supervision as described in this section including
properly supporting the members until the
concrete is cured, set and hardened as required.
Where the contract unit rate for formwork is
specifically provided as a separate item, it shall
include the cost of all materials, labors, tools and
plant required for design, construction and
removal of formwork and supervision as described
in this section including properly supporting the
members until the concrete is cured, set and
hardened as required.

262 | S e c t i o n 4
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

SECTION 5: MASONRY WORKS ‫ امور بنایی‬:5 ‫بخش‬

Brickworks ‫ خشتکاری‬501
Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬501.1
Brickwork shall consist of construction of ‫خشتکاری باید شامل ساختار ساختمان‬
structures with bricks jointed together by cement ‫ها با خشتهای متصل بهم توسط سیمنت‬
‫مالط طبق جزئیات داده شده در نقشه و‬
mortar in accordance with the details shown on
.‫ باشد‬،‫یا هدایات انجنیر‬
the drawings or as approved by the Engineer.

Materials ‫ مواد‬501.2
‫ خشت‬501.2.1
501.2.1 Bricks
‫خشتهای گلی و شیل باید با الزامات‬
Clay or shale bricks shall conform to the ‫بین المللی ذیل و یا الزامات همسان‬
requirements of the followings or other equivalent ‫بین المللی دیگریکه توسط انجنیر‬
.‫ مطابقت داشته باشد‬،‫تائید گردد‬
international standards approved by the Engineer.

Sewer and Manhole AASHTO M91 (or ASTM AASHTO M 91 (or ‫خشت برای رودخانه‬
Brick (Made from Clay C32) ASTM C 32) ‫و یا ساختمانهای‬
or Shale): ‫فاضالب باید با‬
- Brick for sewer or ‫درجات مشخص شده‬
SS ‫ویا‬ SM
drainage
‫کند‬ ‫مطابقت‬.
structures shall
(AASHTO M 91
conform to the
(‫ ویا‬A STM C
physical 32))
properties for the ،‫خشت برای راه رو‬
specified Grades ‫ و‬،‫حوضه آبگیر‬
SS or SM. ‫دیگر ساختمانهای‬
- Brick for ‫مربوط باید با‬
manholes, catch ‫فیزیکی‬ ‫ساختار‬
basins, and other ‫برای درجات مشخص‬
related structures ‫ شده‬M S ‫ ویا‬M M
shall conform to ‫مطابقت کند‬.
the physical ‫در صورتیکه توسط‬
‫مشخص‬ ‫خرایدار‬
properties for the
‫ خشت درجه‬،‫گردد‬
specified Grades
SS ‫را به عوض‬
MS or MM.
‫ درجه‬SM ‫میتوان‬
Unless otherwise ‫قبول کرد؛ همچنان‬
specified by the ‫ درجه‬MS ‫ را با‬MM
purchaser, brick of ‫میتوان قبول کرد‬.
Grade SS shall be
accepted instead of
Grade SM; also Grade
MS shall be accepted
instead of Grade MM.

263 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

Building Brick (Solid AASHTO M112 (or ‫ساختمان‬ ‫خشت‬

Masonry Units Made ASTM C62) ‫مستحکم‬ ‫(واحدات‬
from Clay or Shale): ‫معماری ساخته شده‬
- Unless otherwise ‫از گل و یا شیل‬
specified on the (AASHTO M112
ASTM C62)):‫(ویا‬
Drawings or directed
‫مشخص‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫در‬
by the Engineer,
‫بودن در نقشه و‬
grade MW (Moderate ‫یا طبق هدایات‬
Weathering) shall be ‫درجه‬ ،‫انجنیر‬
used. (Moderate
Weathering) MW
‫استفاده‬ ‫باید‬
.‫گردد‬

501.2.2 Cement ‫ سیمنت‬501.2.2

Cement shall conform to the requirements laid ‫سیمنت باید مطابق با الزامات ذکر شده‬
down in Section 4. .‫ باشد‬4 ‫در بخش‬

Cement Mortar ‫سیمنت مالط‬ 501.3

Cement and sand shall be mixed in specified ‫سیمنت و ریگ باید طبق اندازه مشخص‬
proportions given in the Drawings. Cement shall ‫ سیمنت‬.‫شده در نقشه ها مخلوط گردد‬
be proportioned by weight, taking the unit weight ‫ که وزن‬،‫باید نظر به وزن قیاس گردد‬
of cement as 1.44 tonne per cubic meter. Sand ‫ تن در هر متر مربع‬1.44 ‫واحد آن‬
shall be proportioned by volume taking into ‫ ریگ باید نظر به حجم قیاس‬.‫میباشد‬
‫گردیده و مقدار انباشتگی نیز در نظر‬
account due allowance for bulking. All mortar shall
‫ تمام مالط باید با کمترین‬.‫گرفته شود‬
be mixed with a minimum quantity of water to
‫مقدار آب مخلوط گردد تا کارایی مورد‬
produce desired workability consistent with
‫نظر سازگار همراه با بزرگترین کثافت‬
maximum density of mortar. The mix shall be clean ‫ مخلوط باید پاک‬.‫مالط را تولید نماید‬
and free from injurious type of ‫مضر‬ ‫انواع‬ ‫از‬ ‫عاری‬ ‫و‬
soil/acid/alkali/organic matter or deleterious ‫ماده عضوی و یا مواد‬/‫القلی‬/‫اسید‬/‫خاک‬
substances. .‫های زیان آور باشد‬
The mixing shall preferably be done in a ‫مخلوط با دست را میتوان بعد از‬
mechanical mixer operated manually or by power. ‫تائیدی انجنیر تا زمانیکه کثافت‬
Hand mixing can be resorted to as long as uniform ‫یکسان و استقامت مخلوط مسلم است‬
density of the mix and its strength are assured ‫ در صورت مجاز شدن عملیه‬.‫ادامه داد‬
subject to prior approval of the Engineer. Where ‫ باالی یک سطح پاک و‬،‫مخلوط با دست‬
‫ جاییکه سیمنت و‬،‫غیر قابل نفوذ آب‬
permitted, hand mixing operation shall be carried
‫ریگ اوال بصورت خشک به قیاس الزم آن‬
out on a clean watertight platform, where cement
‫ عقب و‬،‫چیدین بار مکررا باالی یکدیگر‬
and sand shall be first mixed dry in the required
‫پیش پشت و رو گردیده تازمانیکه مخلوط‬
proportion by being turned over and over, ‫ پس‬.‫رنگ یکسان پیدا کند مخلوط گردد‬
backwards and forwards several times till the ‫ مقدار کمی آب اضافه گردد تا‬،‫ار آن‬
mixture is of uniform color. Thereafter, minimum .‫مالط به یک چسب سخت پایدار شکل گیرد‬
quantity of water shall be added to bring the ‫مالط باید الی حد اقل دو دقیقه بعد‬
mortar to the consistency of a stiff paste. The .‫از اضافه نمودن آب مخلوط گردد‬

264 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

mortar shall be mixed for at least two minutes .‫مالط باید به قدر ضرورت مخلوط گردد‬
after addition of water. ‫مخلوطیکه سختی اولیه آن پیشرفت‬
Mortar shall be mixed only in such quantity as .‫یافته باشد نباید استفاده گردد‬
required for immediate use. The mix, which has ‫سختی اولیه مالط با سیمنت پورتالند‬
developed initial set, shall not be used. Initial set ‫ دقیقه بعد از مخلوط‬30 ‫معموال باید‬
‫ درصورتیکه مالط در‬.‫در نظر گرفته شود‬
of mortar with ordinary Portland cement shall
‫جریان سختی اولیه در اثر تبخیر آب‬
normally be considered to have taken place in 30
‫ میتوان با اضافه نمودن آب‬،‫سخت گردد‬
minutes after mixing. In case the mortar has ‫بقدریکه لزجت الزم بدست آید دوباره‬
stiffened during initial setting time because of ‫ ولی این تعادل نباید‬،‫آنرا معتدل کرد‬
evaporation of water, the same can be re- ‫ مالط‬.‫ دقیقه مجاز گردد‬30 ‫بعد از‬
tempered by adding water as frequently as ‫ باید رد و از‬30 ‫استفاده نشده الی‬
needed to restore the requisite consistency, but . ‫ساحه کار دور گردد‬
this re-tempering shall not be permitted after 30
minutes. Mortar unused for more than 30 minutes
shall be rejected and removed from site of work.

Soaking of Bricks ‫اشباع نمودن خشتها‬ 501.4

All bricks shall be thoroughly soaked in a tank filled ‫تمام خشتها باید وسیعا در یک تانک‬
with water for a minimum period of one hour prior ‫پر از آب قبل از گذاشتن آن حد اقل‬
to being laid. Soaked bricks shall be removed from ‫ خشتهای‬.‫برای یک ساعت اشباع گردد‬
the tank sufficiently in advance so that they are ‫اشباع شده باید در زمان مناسبی از‬
skin dry at the time of actual laying. Such soaked ‫تانک برداشته شود تا جدار آن در زمان‬
‫ چنین خشتهای‬.‫گذاشتن اصلی خشک باشد‬
bricks shall be stacked on a clean place where they
‫اشباع شده را میتوان در یک جای پاک‬
are not contaminated with dirt, earth, etc.
‫ خاک و غیره آلوده‬،‫چید تا با کثافت‬
.‫نگردد‬

Joints ‫بند ها‬ 501.5

The thickness of joints shall not exceed 10 mm. All mm 10 ‫ضخامت بند ها نباید بزرگتر از‬
joints on exposed faces shall be tooled to give ‫ تمام بندها در نمایه های معرض‬.‫باشد‬
concave finish. ‫باید طوری شکل داده شود تا سطح مقعری‬
.‫را سازد‬

Laying ‫ گذاشتن‬501.6
All brickwork shall be laid in an English bond, even ‫تمام خشتکاری باید بشکل انگلش باند‬
and true to line, in accordance with the drawing or ،‫ مساوی و ثابت به خط‬،(English bond)
as directed by the Engineer, plumb and level and ‫ با شاقل‬،‫طبق نقشه و یا هدایت انجنیر‬
all joints accurately kept. Half and cut bricks shall ،‫یکسان و با نگهداشت دقیق بند ها‬
not be used except when necessary to complete ‫ خشتهای نیمه و توته‬.‫گذاشته شود‬
‫نباید استفاده گردد الی اینکه برای‬
the bond. Closer in such cases shall be cut to the
.‫تکمیل کردن پیوستگی ضرورت گردد‬
required size and used near the ends of the walls.
‫خشتهای پوره را در چنین موارد میتوان‬
The bricks used at the face and also at all angles
‫به اندازه مورد نیاز کاهش داده و در‬
forming the junction of any two walls shall be ‫نزدیک آخر دیوار میتوان استفاده‬
selected whole bricks of uniform size, with true ‫ خشتهاییکه در نمایه و در تمام‬.‫کرد‬

265 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

and rectangular faces. ‫زوایاییکه اتصال یکی از دیوارها‬

All bricks shall be laid with frogs up on a full bed of ‫تشکیل میکند استفاده میگردد باید‬
mortar except in the case of tile bricks. Each brick ‫ ثابت‬،‫تمام آن با اندازه های یکسان‬
shall be properly bedded and set in position by . ‫و نمایه های مستطیل باشد‬
slightly pressing while laying, so that the mortar ‫ باید‬،‫تمام خشتها بجز از خشتهای کاشی‬
‫با مارکه های آن باالی یک الیه مکمل‬
gets into all their surface pores to ensure proper
‫ هر خشت باید بشکل‬.‫مالط گذاشته شود‬
adhesion. All head and side joints shall be
‫مناسب گذاشته و با کمی فشردن در‬
completely filled by applying sufficient mortar to ‫ تا مالط‬،‫هنگام گذاشتن جاسازی گردیده‬
brick already placed and on brick to be placed. All ‫در تمام خالیگاه ها رسیده و چسبندگی‬
joints shall be properly flushed and packed with ‫ تمام بند های فوق و‬.‫مناسب شکل گیرد‬
mortar so that no hollow spaces are left. No bats ‫کنار باید کامال با استفاده مالط مناسب‬
or cut bricks shall be used except to obtain ‫باالی خشت جاسازی شده و خشتیکه جاسازی‬
dimensions of the different courses for specified ‫ تمام بندها باید بطور‬.‫میشود پر شود‬
bonds or wherever a desired shape so requires. ‫مناسب با مالط هموار و بسته بندی شود‬
The brickwork shall be built in uniform layers, and ‫تا از خالیگاه های کوچک جلوگیری‬
for this purpose wooden straight edge with ‫ خشتهای نیمه و توته نباید‬.‫گردد‬
graduations indicating thickness of each course ‫استفاده شود الی اینکه برای معین‬
‫ساختن ابعاد الیه های مختلف در باند‬
including joint shall be used. Corners and other
‫های مشخص شده و یا هرجاییکه چنین‬
advanced work shall be raked back. Brickwork shall
.‫اشکال الزم باشد استفاده میگردد‬
be done true to plumb or in specified batter. All
،‫خشتکاری باید در الیه های یکسان باشد‬
courses shall be laid truly horizontal and vertical ‫و برای این روش باید لبه مستقیم چوبی‬
joints shall be truly vertical. Vertical joints in ‫با طبقه هاییکه نشان دهنده ضخامت هر‬
alternate courses shall come directly one over the .‫الیه بشمول بند میباشد استفاده گردد‬
other. During construction, no part of work shall ‫گوشه ها و دیگر کارهای عالی دوباره‬
rise more than one meter above the general ‫ خشتکاری باید با شاقول‬.‫کنده شود‬
construction level, to avoid unequal settlement ‫ثابت و یا در شیب مشخص شده بسوی عقب‬
and improper jointing. Where this is not possible ‫ تمام الیه ها باید‬.‫و باال انجام گردد‬
in the opinion of the Engineer, the works shall be ‫واقعا افقی و عمودی بوده و بند ها‬
raked back according to the bond (and not ‫ بندهای‬.‫باید بدرستی عودی باشد‬
toothed) at an angle not steeper than 45 degrees ‫عمودی در الیه های متناوب باید‬
‫ در‬.‫مستقیما باالی یکدیگر قرار گیرند‬
with prior approval of the Engineer. Toothing may
‫جریان ساخت و ساز هیچ بخشی از کار‬
also be permitted where future extension is
‫نباید بلندتر از یک متر از سطح عمومی‬
contemplated.
‫ساخت و ساز قرار گرفته تا از نشست‬
Before laying bricks in foundation, the foundation ‫نابرابر و اتصال نامناسب جلوگیری‬
slab shall be thoroughly hacked, swept clean and ‫ در صورتیکه انجنیر اینکار را‬.‫گردد‬
wetted. A layer of mortar not less than 12 mm ‫ کارها باید طبق‬،‫غیر ممکن پندارد‬
thick shall be spread on the surface of the ‫باند (نه طبق دندانه ها) در یک زاویه‬
foundation slab and the first course of bricks shall ‫ درجه زیادتر با تاییدی‬45 ‫نباید از‬
be laid. ‫ در‬.‫قبلی انجنیر دوباره کنده شود‬
‫جاییکه در آینده توسعه در نظر گرفته‬
‫شده باشد میتوان از دندانه کاری‬
. ‫استفاده کرد‬
‫ سلب‬،‫قبل از گذاشتن خشتها در تهداب‬
،‫تهداب باید سلب تهداب کامال بریده‬
‫ یک الیه مالط که‬.‫پاک و مرطوب گردد‬

266 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

‫باشد را در سطح‬m m 12 ‫نباید کمتر از‬

‫سلب تهداب ریخت و الیه اول خشت را‬
. ‫گذاشت‬

Jointing Old and New Work ‫ اتصال آثار قبلی با آثار‬501.7

‫جدید‬
Where fresh masonry is to join with masonry that ‫زمانیکه بخواهیم بناء تازه را با‬
is partially / entirely set, the exposed jointing ‫بنائیکه نیمه و یا کامال سخت شده باشد‬
surface of the set masonry shall be cleaned, ‫ سطح بیرونی اتصال بناء‬،‫یکجا نماییم‬
roughened and wetted, so as to effect the best ‫ خراشیده و مرطوب‬،‫سخت را باید پاک‬
possible bond with the new work. All loose bricks ‫ تا یک باند مستحکم را با مالط‬،‫ساخت‬
‫ تمام خشتها و مواد‬.‫تازه بوجود آورد‬
and mortar or other material shall be removed.
‫ساختمان و یا مواد دیگر نافشرده را‬
In the case of vertical or inclined joints, it shall be
.‫باید از میان برداشت‬
further ensured that proper bond between the old
‫ باید‬،‫در صورت بند های عمودی و مایل‬
and new masonry is obtained by interlocking the ‫ با همبستگی خشتها باند‬،‫مطمئن شد تا‬
bricks. Any portion of the brickwork that has been ‫کامل و مناسب را میان ساختمان قبلی‬
completed shall remain undisturbed until ‫ تمام بخشهای‬.‫و جدید فراهم نمود‬
thoroughly set. ‫تکمیل شده خشتکاری باید تا زمانیکه‬
In case of sharp corners especially in skew bridges, . ‫کامال سخت گردد باقی بماند‬
a flat cutback of 100 mm shall be provided so as to ‫در صورت گوشه های تیز خاصتا در پلهای‬
have proper and bonded laying of bricks. ‫یکنواخت کاسته‬mm 100 ‫ باید‬،‫منحنی‬
‫شود تا خشتها بشکل و باند مناسب‬
. ‫گذاشته شود‬

Curing ‫محافظت‬ 501.8

Green work shall be protected from rain by ‫کار تازه یا نارسیده باید با پوشکاری‬
suitable covering and shall be kept constantly ‫مناسب از باران نگهداری و حد اقل الی‬
moist on all faces for a minimum period of seven .‫هقت روز پیوسته مرطوب نگهداری گردد‬
days. Brickwork carried out during the day shall be ‫خشتکاری انجام شده در روز باید بطور‬
suitably marked indicating the date on which the ‫مناسب نشانی گردد که معلومات کاری‬
‫را دارا بوده تا به مدت محافظت توجه‬
work is done so as to keep a watch on the curing
‫ در پایان روز باالی بناء را‬.‫گردد‬
period. The top of the masonry work shall be left
‫ آبدهی باید به‬.‫باید پر از آب گذاشت‬
flooded with water at the close of the day. ‫احطیاط صورت گیرد تا به مالط تازه‬
Watering may be done carefully so as not to ‫ در جریان آب و هوای‬.‫آسیب نرساند‬
disturb or wash on the green mortar. ‫ تمام کارهای تمام شده و یا نا‬،‫گرم‬
During hot weather, all finished or partly ‫تکمیل باید پوشانیده و یا طوری مرطوب‬
completed work shall be covered or wetted on in ‫گردد که از خشکی سریع خشتکاری نیز‬
such a manner as will prevent rapid drying of the . ‫جلوگیری نماید‬
brickwork. ‫ باید بطور‬،‫در جریان محافظت خشتکاری‬
During the period of curing of brickwork, it shall be ‫ در آخر‬.‫مناسب از صدمه محافظت نماییم‬
suitably protected from all damages. At the close ‫کار روز و یا در جریان توقف کار‬
of day’s work or for period of cessation, watering ‫ اگر‬.‫آبدهی و حفاظت باید صورت گیرد‬
‫ مالط خراب یعنی‬،‫در اثر محافظت نکردن‬

267 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

and curing shall have to be maintained. Should the ،‫ سفید و یا به گرد مبدل گردد‬،‫خشک‬
mortar perish i.e. become dry, white or powdery ‫کار باید تخریب و دوباره طبق هدایت‬
through neglect of curing, work shall be pulled ‫ اگر در جریان‬.‫انجنیر بازسازی گردد‬
down and rebuilt as directed by the Engineer. If ‫آبدهی لکه ظاهر گردد باید از سطح دور‬
any stains appear during watering, the same shall .‫گردد‬
be removed from the face.

Scaffolding ‫تخته بندی‬ 501.9

The scaffolding shall be sound, strong and safe to ‫ محکم و بی‬،‫تخته بندی باید استوار‬
withstand all loads likely to come upon it. The ‫خطر بوده تا ظرفیت برداشت فشار وارده‬
holes which provide resting space for horizontal ‫ سوراخهاییکه‬.‫باالی آنرا دارا باشد‬
members shall not be left in masonry under one ‫برای گذاشتن اجزای افقی بکار میرود‬
meter in width or immediately near the skew ‫نباید پایینتر از یک متر در عرض و‬
‫یا بالفاصله در نزدیکی پشت منحنی‬
backs of arches. The holes left in the masonry work
‫ سوراخهاییکه برای‬.‫قوسها گذاشته شود‬
for supporting the scaffolding shall be filled and
‫محکم کردن تخته ها استفاده میگردد‬
made good. Scaffolding shall be got approved by ‫ تخته بندی‬.‫باید پرکاری و ترمیم گردد‬
the Engineer. However, the Contractor shall be ‫ اگر‬.‫باید توسط انجنیر تایید گردد‬
responsible for its safety. . ‫چه قراردادی مسئول ایمنی آن میباشد‬

Equipment ‫ اسباب و وسایل‬501.10

All tools and equipment used for mixing, ‫تمام اسباب و وسایل برای استفاده‬
transporting and laying of mortar and bricks shall ‫ حمل و نقل و گذاشتن مالط‬،‫مخلوط کردن‬
be clean and free from set mortar, dirt or other ،‫و خشتها باید پاک و عاری از مالط سخت‬
injurious foreign substances. .‫خاک و دیگر عناصر مضره بیرونی باشد‬

Finishing of Surfaces ‫ تمیز کردن سطوح‬501.11

(1) General ‫) فراگیر‬1(
All brickwork shall be finished in a workmanlike ‫تمام خشتکاری باید بطور ماهرانه با‬
manner with the thickness of joints, manner of ‫ نحوه قابل توجه و یا‬،‫ضخامت بند ها‬
striking or tooling as described in these above ‫شکل دهی طبق شرح در مشخصات باال به‬
specifications. . ‫اتمام رسد‬
"‫سطوح را میتوان طبق نقشه "بندکاری‬
The surfaces can be finished by “jointing” or
"‫و یا "پرکاری" و یا با "پالسترکاری‬
“pointing” or by “plastering” as given in the
. ‫تمیز نمود‬
drawings.
‫به سطحیکه متعاقبا پالسترکاری و یا‬
For a surface which is to be subsequently plastered ‫ بندها باید بشکل مربعی‬،‫پرکاری گردد‬
or pointed, the joints shall be squarely raked out ‫ زمانیکه مالط‬،‫خالی گردد‬mm 15 ‫به عمق‬
to a depth of 15 mm, while the mortar is still green. ‫ بند های کنده شده‬.‫هنوز تازه است‬
The raked joints shall be well brushed to remove ‫باید بشکل خوب برسکاری گردد تا گرد‬
dust and loose particles and the surface shall be ‫و ذرات سست را دور و نموده و سطح‬
thoroughly washed with water, cleaned and . ‫ پاک و مرطوب گردد‬،‫باید با آب شسته‬
wetted. ‫) بندکاری‬2(
(2) Jointing ‫ سطح مالط باید زمانیکه‬،‫در بندکاری‬
In jointing, the face of the mortar shall be worked ‫هنوز تازه است تدبیر کرد تا یک سطح‬

268 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

out while still green to give a finished surface flush ‫ در‬.‫هموار با سطح خشتکاری بدست آید‬
with the face of the brickwork. The faces of ‫جریان الیه بلند نمودن خشتکاری سطوح‬
brickwork shall be cleaned to remove any splashes . ‫خشتکاری باید از ذرات مالط پاک گردد‬
of mortar during the course of raising the ‫) پرکاری‬3(
brickwork. ‫پرکاری نباید با مالطیکه حجم آن‬
‫ سیمنت و ریگ و یا طبق‬1:3 ‫کوچکتر از‬
(3) Pointing
‫ قبل از تمیز‬.‫ذکر شده در نقشه باشد‬
Pointing shall be carried out using mortar not
‫الزمه بندهای کنده شده باید با مالط‬
leaner than 1:3 by volume of cement and sand or
‫ پرکاری درحالیکه هنوز‬.‫پرکاری گردد‬
as shown on the drawing. The mortar shall be filled ‫ باید در امتداد مرکز با‬،‫تازه است‬
and pressed into the raked joints before giving the ‫اشکال نیم دوره چنین عرض طوریکه توسط‬
required finish. The pointing shall be ruled type for .‫انجنیر مشخص گردیده خطکاری گردد‬
which it shall, while still green, be ruled along the ‫بعدا مالط هموار عالی باید از کناره‬
centre with half round tools of such width as may ‫های خطوط برداشته و سطح بناء باید‬
be specified by the Engineer. The super flush .‫از تمام مالط پاک گردد‬
mortar shall then be taken off from the edges of
the lines and the surface of the masonry shall be
cleaned of all mortar. ‫) پالسترکاری‬4(
(4) Plastering ‫پالسترکاری باید در جاییکه در نقشه‬
Plastering shall be done where shown on the ‫ درصورت‬.‫نشان داده شده است انجام شود‬
‫ فقط در ساختمانهاییکه در‬،‫ضرورت‬
drawing. Superficial plastering may be done, if
‫دریاهای جریان سریع و یا در محیطیکه‬
necessary, only in structures situated in fast
‫از‬ ‫میتوان‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫فعال‬ ‫شدیدا‬
flowing rivers or in severely aggressive
.‫پالسترکاری سطحی استفاده کرد‬
environment. ‫پالسترکاری باید از طرف باال بطرف‬
Plastering shall be started from top and worked ‫ بعد از پایین نمودن‬.‫پایین آغاز گردد‬
down. All putlog holes shall be properly filled in ‫تخته بندی باید تمام سوراخهای‬
advance of the plastering while the scaffolding is ‫خالیگاه های دیوار قبل از پالسترکاری‬
being taken down. Wooden screeds 75 mm wide mm 75 ‫ چوکاتهای چوبی‬.‫پرکاری گردد‬
and of the thickness of the plaster shall be fixed 2.5 ‫عریض و ضخامت پالستر عمودا باید‬
vertically 2.5 to 4 meters apart, to act as gauges ‫ تا بحیث‬،‫ متر دورتر معین گردد‬4 ‫الی‬
and guides in applying the plaster. The mortar shall ‫معیارهای اندازه گیری عمل نموده و‬
be laid on the wall between the screeds using the ‫در استعمال نمودن پالستر هدایت‬
plaster’s float and pressing the mortar so that the ‫ مالط در میان چوکاتها باید نظر‬.‫نماید‬
‫به حرکت پالستر و فشار دادن مالط تا‬
raked joints are properly filled. The plaster shall
‫کنده گی بندها بدرستی پر گردد گذاشته‬
then be finished off with a wooden straight edge
‫ پالستر باید با لبه مستقیم چوبی‬.‫شود‬
reaching across the screeds. The straight edge ‫که از یک چوکات به چوکات دیگر برسد‬
shall be worked on the screeds with a small ‫ لبه مستقیم باالی چوکاتها‬.‫تمیز گردد‬
upward and sideways motion 50 mm to 75 mm at ‫الی‬mm 50 ‫بطرف باال و دو طرف باید به‬
a time. Finally, the surface shall be finished off with ،‫ سرانجام‬.‫در وقت حرکت نماید‬mm 75
a plasterer’s wooden float. Metal floats shall not .‫سطح باید با چوکات چوبی تمیز گردد‬
be used. . ‫چوکات های آهنی نباید استفاده گردد‬
When recommencing the plastering beyond the ‫زمانیکه پیشنهاد پالسترکاری معلق شده‬
work suspended earlier, the edges of the old ‫ لبه های پالستر قبلی‬،‫قبلی رامیکنیم‬
plaster shall be scrapped, cleaned and wetted ‫باید قبل از پالستر نمودن ساحات مجاور‬
before plaster is applied to the adjacent areas. ‫ هیچ بخشی‬.‫ پاک و مرطوب گردد‬،‫کنده‬
No portion of the surface shall be left unfinished ‫از سطح نباید برای وصله کاری بعدی‬

269 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

for patching up at a later period. . ‫ناتمیز گذاشته شود‬

The plaster shall be finished true to plumb surface ‫پالستر باید یکسان با سطح عمود و‬
and to the proper degree of smoothness as ‫بدرجه نرمی مناسب طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
directed by the Engineer. . ‫تمیز گردد‬
The average thickness of plaster shall not be less ‫حد اوسط ضخامت پالستر نباید کمتر از‬
‫ کمترین ضخامت‬.‫ضخامت مشخص شده باشد‬
than the specified thickness. The minimum
‫باالی هر بخشی از سطح نسبت به ضخامت‬
thickness over any portion of the surface shall not
. ‫باشد‬mm 3 ‫مشخص شده نباید زیادتر از‬
be less than the specified thickness by more than ‫اگر درز ها در روی سطح نمایان میشود‬
3 mm. ،‫ نرم‬،‫و یا هر بخشی از سطح که نازک‬
Any cracks which appear in the surface and all ‫و یا ناقص کار شده باشد باید بشکل‬
portions which sound hollow when tapped, or are ‫مستطیل کنده و دوباره طبق هدایت‬
found to be soft or otherwise defective, shall be . ‫انجنیر اصالح گردد‬
cut in rectangular shape and re-done as directed
by the Engineer. ‫) محافظت تمیزکاری ها‬5(
(5) Curing of Finishes ‫محافظت باید بزودترین فرصت بعد‬
Curing shall be commenced as soon as the mortar ‫ازینکه مالط تمیز کاری بطور مناسب سخت‬
used for finishing has hardened sufficiently not to ‫میگردد انجام گردد تا در حالت محافظت‬
be damaged during curing. It shall be kept wet for ‫ روز‬10 ‫ باید حد اقل الی‬.‫ضرر نبیند‬
،‫ در این جریان‬.‫مرطوب نگهداری شود‬
a period of at least 7 days. During this period, it
‫باید بطور مناسب از هر نوع تخریب در‬
shall be suitably protected from all damages.
. ‫امان باشد‬
(6) Scaffolding for Finishes
‫) تخته کاری برای تمیزکاری ها‬6(
Stage scaffolding shall be provided for the work.
‫برای تمیزکاری باید از تخته کاری‬
This shall be independent of the structure. ‫ این باید مستقل‬.‫طبقه ای استفاده کرد‬
. ‫از ساختمان باشد‬

Architectural Coping for Wing /Return / ‫ قرنیس دیوار معماری برای‬501.12

Parapet Wall ‫ دیواره‬/‫اعاده‬/‫جناح‬
This work shall consist of providing an ‫اینکار شامل قرنیس سازی دیوار‬
architectural coping for wing/return/parapet ‫دیواره‬/‫اعاده‬/‫جناح‬ ‫برای‬ ‫معماری‬
walls. ‫ مواد استفاده شده باید مالط‬.‫میباشد‬
The material used shall be cement mortar 1:3 or as ‫ و یا طبق نقشه آماده شده‬1:3 ‫سیمنت‬
shown on the drawings prepared in accordance .501.3 ‫طبق ماده‬
‫مالط سیمنت باید بطور یکسان به ضخامت‬
with Clause 501.3.
‫در تمام عرض باالی دیوار و در‬mm 15
The cement mortar shall be laid evenly to an
‫عمیق‬mm 150 ‫ضخیم و‬mm 15 ‫ادامه یک بند‬
average thickness of 15 mm to the full width of the ‫باید درامتداد سطح بیرونی دیوارها‬
top of the wall and in continuation a band of 15 .‫گذاشته شود‬
mm thickness and 150 mm depth shall be made
out of the mortar along the top outer face of the
walls.

Acceptance of Work ‫ پذیرش کار‬501.13

All the work shall be true to the lines and levels as ‫تمام کارها طبق نقشه و یا هدایت‬
indicated on the drawing or as directed by the ‫انجنیر باید به خطها ثابت و هموار‬
‫ قابلیت تحمل این مشخصات‬،‫بوده‬

270 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

Engineer, subject to tolerances as indicated in .‫نمایان باشد‬

these Specifications. ‫ و‬AASHTO T106 ‫مکعبات مالط باید طبق‬
Mortar cubes shall be tested for compressive ‫یا دیگر استانداردهای تایید شده‬
strength in accordance with AASHTO T106 or other ‫بوسط انجنیر برای مقاومت فشاری‬
equivalent international standards approved by ‫ تعداد آزمایشات باید‬.‫آزمایش گردد‬
‫ متر مکعب مالط در روز حد اقل‬2 ‫در هر‬
the Engineer. The frequency of testing shall be one
.‫ نمونه باشد‬3
sample for every 2 cubic meters of mortar, subject
‫ ضخامت سطح‬،‫درصورت تمیزکاری پالستر‬
to a minimum 3 samples for a day’s work. ‫کمتر از ضخامت مشخص‬mm 3 ‫نباید از‬
In case of plaster finish, the minimum surface . ‫شدده باشد‬
thickness shall not be less than the specified
thickness by more than 3 mm.

Method of Measurement ‫ میتود اندازه گیری‬501.14

All brickwork shall be measured in cubic meters. ‫تمام خشتکاری باید به متر مکعب‬
Any extra work done by the Contractor over the ‫ کارهای انجام شده‬.‫اندازه گیری گردد‬
specified dimensions shall be ignored. ‫اضافی توسط قراردادی در ابعاد مشخص‬
In arches, the length of arch shall be measured as .‫شده باید نادیده نگاشته شود‬
the mean length between the extrados and ‫ طول قوس باید اوسط طول بین‬،‫در قوسها‬
. ‫قوس بیرونی و قوس داخلی باشد‬
intrados.
‫پالسترکاری و پرکاری در الیحه مقدار‬
The work of plastering and pointing when
‫باید جداگانه به متر مربع سطح تمیز‬
separately shown in the Bill of Quantity shall be
‫ درصورت ذکر نکردن‬.‫شده نشان داده شود‬
measured in square meters of the surface treated. ،‫پال سترکاری و پرکاری در الیحه مقدار‬
In case no item for plastering and pointing is ‫قیمت آن باید در خشتکاری ها محسوب‬
provided in the Bill of Quantity, the cost shall be . ‫گردد‬
deemed to be included in the Brickworks.
‫متر‬ ‫خشتکاری‬501 (1)
501 (1) Brickwork cum ‫مکعب‬
501 (2) Plastering sqm ‫متر‬ ‫پالسترکاری‬501 (2)
‫مربع‬

Rates ‫ مقادیر‬501.15
The Contract unit rate for brick work shall include ‫نرخ واحد قرارداد برای خشتکاری باید‬
the cost of all labors, materials, tools and plant, ،‫ مواد‬،‫شامل هزینه تمام کارگران‬
scaffolding and other expenses incidental to the ‫ تخته بندی و دیگر‬،‫اسباب و کارخانه‬
satisfactory completion of the work, sampling, ‫ نمونه‬،‫مخارج ضمنی برای تکمیل کار‬
‫ آزمایشات و نظارت طبق مشخصات‬،‫گیری‬
testing and supervision as described in these
. ‫و نقشه باشد‬
specifications and as shown on the drawings.
‫نرخ واحد قرارداد برای پالسترکاری‬
The Contract unit rate for plastering shall include
،‫باید شامل هزینه تمام کارگران‬
the cost of all labors, materials, tools and plant, ‫ تخته بندی و‬،‫ اسباب و کارخانه‬،‫مواد‬
scaffolding and all incidental expenses, sampling ،‫دیگر مخارج ضمنی برای تکمیل کار‬
and testing and supervision as described in these ‫ آزمایشات و نظارت طبق‬،‫نمونه گیری‬
specifications. .‫مشخصات بیان شده باشد‬
The Contract unit rate for pointing shall include ‫نرخ واحد قرارداد برای پرکاری باید‬
erecting and removal of scaffolding, all labor, ،‫شامل تخته بندی و برداشتن تخته ها‬

271 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

materials, and equipment incidental to complete ‫ و اسباب ضمنی‬،‫ مواد‬،‫تمام کارگران‬

the pointing, raking out joints, cleaning, wetting, ‫ کندنکاری‬،‫برای تکمیل نمودن پرکاری‬
filling with mortar, toweling, pointing and ،‫ مرطوب سازی‬،‫ پاک کاری‬،‫بندها‬
watering, sampling and testing and supervision as ،‫ پارچه پردازی‬،‫پرکاری با مالط‬
described in these Specifications. ،‫گیری‬ ‫نمونه‬ ،‫آبدهی‬ ‫و‬ ‫پرکاری‬
‫آزمایشات و نظارت طبق مشخصات بیان‬
.‫شده باشد‬

Stone Masonry ‫ بناء سنگی‬502

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬502.1
This work shall consist of the construction of ‫این کار شامل ساخت و ساز ساختمانهای‬
structures with stones jointed together by cement ‫سنگی که توسط مالط سیمنت طبق جزئیات‬
‫داده شده در نقشه و این مشخصات و یا‬
mortar in accordance with the details shown on
،‫طبق هدایات انجنیر باهم وصل میگردد‬
the drawings and these specifications or as
. ‫میباشد‬
approved by the Engineer.

Materials ‫ مواد‬502.2
Stones shall be of the type specified. It shall be .‫سنگها باید از نوع مشخص شده باشد‬
hard, sound, free from cracks, decay and ،‫ عاری از رخنه ها‬،‫ مستحکم‬،‫باید سخت‬
weathering and shall be freshly quarried from an ‫پوسیده گی و فرسایش بوده و باید تازه‬
approved quarry. Stone with round surface shall .‫از معدن سنگ استخراج شده باشد‬
not be used. The stones, when immersed in water .‫سنگهای سطح گول نباید استفاده شود‬
‫ و یا‬AASHTO T85 ‫زمانیکه سنگها طبق‬
for 24 hours, shall not absorb water by more than
‫برای‬ ‫جهانی‬ ‫استانداردهای‬ ‫دیگر‬
5 per cent of their dry weight when tested in
‫ ساعت داخل آب گذاشته‬24 ‫آزمایش الی‬
accordance with AASHTO T85 or other equivalent
‫ فیصد از وزن‬5 ‫شوند نباید زیادتر از‬
international standard. The length of stones shall ‫ طول‬.‫شان آب را بخود جزب نمایند‬
not exceed 3 times its height nor shall they be less ‫ برابر ارتفاع آن‬3 ‫سنگها نباید از‬
than twice its height plus one joint. No stone shall ‫زیاد گردد و نباید کمتر از دوچند‬
be less in width than the height and width on the ‫ هیچ‬.‫ارتفاع آن بعالوه یک بند باشند‬
base shall not be greater than three- fourth of the ‫سنگی نباید با عرض کوچکتر از ارتفاع‬
thickness of the wall nor less than 150 mm. ‫بوده و عرض پایینی آن نباید بزرگتر‬
Cement mortar shall conform to Clause 501.4 of ‫ ضخامت دیوار و کمتر از‬4 ‫ در‬3 ‫از‬
this Specification. .‫باشد‬mm 150
‫مالط سیمنت باید طبق مشخصات بیان شده‬
.‫ باشد‬501.4 ‫در ماده‬

Type of Masonry ‫ نوع بناء‬502.3

The type of masonry used for structures shall be ‫بناء استفاده شده برای ساختمان باید‬
random masonry (coursed or uncoursed) or )‫به نوع مختلف (جغل دار و بدون جغل‬
coursed rubble masonry (First sort). However, for .‫و یا بناء خرده سنگ (طبقه اول) باشد‬
bridge work generally, course rubble stone ‫ بناء‬،‫ برای کار پل عموما‬،‫اگر چه‬
masonry shall be used. The actual type of masonry ‫ نوع اصلی‬.‫خرده سنگ استفاده میگردد‬

272 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

used for different parts of structures shall be ‫بناء که در بخشهای مختلف ساختمان‬
specified on the drawings. ‫بکار میرود باید در نقشه مشخص گردیده‬
. ‫باشد‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬502.4

502.4.1 Laying ‫ گذاشتن‬502.4.1
The masonry work shall be laid to lines, levels, ‫ منحنیها‬،‫ هم سطح‬،‫بناء باید در خطوط‬
curves and shapes as shown in the Drawings. The ‫و اشکال نشان داده در نقشه گذاشته‬
height in each course shall be kept same and every ‫ ارتفاع هر الیه باید یکسان‬.‫شود‬
stone shall be fine tooled on all beds joints and ‫نگهداری شده و هر سنگ باید بشکل کامل‬
‫و ثابت در تمام سطوح بند ها دقیق‬
face full and true. The exposed faces shall be
،‫ سطوح معرض باید مقیاس‬.‫برش گردد‬
gauged out, grooved, regulated and sunk or plain
،‫ و مرتب گردیده و نظر به حالت‬،‫خطدار‬
molded as the case may be. The faces of each .‫فرو نشسته و یا ساده شکل داده شود‬
stone between the drafts shall be left rough as the ‫سطوح تمام سنگها در میان خطوط اصلی‬
stone comes from quarry except where sacrificial ‫باید همانطوریکه از معدن بدست میآید‬
layer is to be provided or plastering is resorted to ‫باقی بماند بجز جاییکه الیه هموار‬
due to aggressive environment. ‫قابل ارائه باشد و یا در صورتیکه‬
Stone shall be sufficiently wetted before laying to ‫بنابر محیط متعدی از پالسترکاری صرف‬
prevent absorption of water from mortar. .‫نظر گردد‬
Stratified stones must be laid on their natural ‫سنگ باید قبل از گذاشتن بطور مناسب‬
beds. All bed joints shall be normal to the pressure ‫مرطوب گردد تا از جزب آب از مالط‬
upon them. ‫ سنگهای الیه ای باید‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
Stones in the hearting shall be laid on their ‫ تمام‬.‫با سطوح اصلی آن گذاشته شوند‬
‫بندهای سطحی باید عمود به فشار وارده‬
broadest face that given a better opportunity to fill
. ‫باالی آن باشد‬
the spaces between stones.
‫سنگهای مرکزی باید به بزرگترین‬
The courses of the masonry shall ordinarily be pre- ‫پهلوی آن گذاشته شود تا فضای بیشتری‬
determined. They shall generally be of the same . ‫را در بین سنگها پر نماید‬
height. When there is to be variation in the height ‫الیه های بناء باید بطور عادی قبال‬
of courses, the larger courses are to be placed at ‫ عموما الیه ها باید‬.‫تعین شده باشد‬
lower levels, heights of courses decreasing ‫ زمانیکه‬.‫دارای ارتفاع یکسان باشند‬
gradually towards the top of the wall. The practice ،‫الیه های ارتفاع مختلف ضرورت باشد‬
of placing loose mortar on the course and pouring ‫الیه های بزرگ در سطوح پایین‬
water on it to fill the gaps in stones is not ‫ ارتفاع الیه ها بطرف باالی‬،‫قرارگرفته‬
acceptable. Mortar may be fluid mixed thoroughly ‫ عمل گذاشتن‬.‫دیوار تدریجا کم میگردد‬
and then poured in the joints. No dry or hollow ‫مالط سست در الیه ها و ریختن آب برای‬
‫پر کردن خالیگاه ها در سنگ قابل قبول‬
space shall be left anywhere in the masonry and
‫ مالط باید اول کامال با مایع‬.‫نمیباشد‬
each stone shall have all the embedded faces
. ‫مخلوط و بعدا در بندها ریخته شود‬
completely covered with mortar.
‫هیچ خالیگاه خشک و یا کوچک در بناء‬
In tapered walls, the beds of the stones and the ‫نباید گذاشت و تمام پهلوهای جاسازی‬
planes of course should be at right angles to the ‫شده هر سنگ باید کامال با مالط پوش‬
batter. In case of bridge piers with batter on both . ‫گردد‬
sides, the course shall be horizontal. ‫ سطوح سنگها و‬،‫در دیوارهای مخروطی‬
The bed which is to receive the stone shall be ‫سطوح الیه ها باید قائم به زاویه عقب‬
cleaned, wetted and covered with a layer of fresh ‫ در حالت پلها با زاویه عقبی‬.‫باشد‬

273 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

mortar. All stones shall be laid full in mortar both .‫ الیه باید افقی باشد‬،‫در هر دو طرف‬
in bed and vertical joints and settled carefully in ‫سطحیکه سنگ باالی آن گذاشته میشود‬
place with a wooden mallet immediately on ‫ مرطوب و با یک الیه تازه‬،‫باید پاک‬
placement and solidly embedded in mortar before ‫ تمام سنگها باید در‬.‫مالط پوش گردد‬
it has set. Clean chips and spalls shall be wedged ‫بندهای سطحی و عمودی کامال در مالط‬
‫گذاشته و قبل ازینکه مالط سخت گردد‬
into the mortar joints and bed wherever necessary
‫فورا سنگ را با احتیاط با چکش چوبی‬
to avoid thick beds or joints of mortar. When the
‫ در صورت ضرورت سنگ‬.‫جابجا نماییم‬
foundation masonry is laid directly on rock, the ‫تراشه های پاک و سنگریزه ها باید در‬
face stones of the first course shall be dressed to ‫بندهای مالط و سطح فرو برده شود تا‬
fit into rock snugly when pressed down in the ‫ زمانیکه‬.‫از سطوح ضخیم جلوگیری گردد‬
mortar bedding over the rock. No dry or hollow ‫بناء اساس مستقیما باالی سنگ گذاشته‬
space shall be left anywhere in the masonry and ‫ سنگهای سطح الیه اول باید پوش‬،‫شود‬
each stone shall have all the embedded faces ‫گردد تا بعد از قشردن در مالط سطحی‬
completely covered with mortar. For masonry ‫ در تخته سنگ قایم‬،‫باالی تخته سنگ‬
works over rock, a leveling course of 100 mm ‫ هیچ خالیگاه خشک و یا کوچک در‬.‫گردد‬
thickness and in concrete of C15 shall be laid over ‫بناء نباید گذاشت و تمام پهلوهای‬
rock and then stone masonry work shall be laid ‫جاسازی شده هر سنگ باید کامال با مالط‬
‫ برای کارهای بنائی باالی‬.‫پوش گردد‬
without foundation concrete block.
‫ یک الیه هموار سازی با‬،‫تخته سنگها‬
Face works and hearting shall be brought up
‫ باید باالی‬C15 ‫و کانکریت‬mm 100 ‫ضخامت‬
evenly but the top of each course shall not be
‫تخته سنگ گذاشته شده و سپس بناء سنگی‬
leveled up by the use of flat chips. ‫باید بدون بالک کانکریت اساس گذاشته‬
For sharp corners especially in skew bridges, . ‫شود‬
through stones shall be used in order to avoid ‫کارهای سطحی و مرکزی باید بطور مساوی‬
spalling of corners. ‫انجام شده ولی فوق هر الیه نباید با‬
In case any stone already set in mortar is disturbed ‫استفاده از سنگ تراشه های صاف هموار‬
or the joints broken, it shall be taken out without . ‫گردد‬
disturbing the adjoining stones and joints. Dry ‫برای گوشه های تیز خصوصا در پلهای‬
mortar and stones thoroughly cleaned from the ‫ باید سنگهای کامل استفاده‬،‫قوسی‬
joints and stones and the stones reset in fresh ‫گردد تا از پوسته شدن تراشه ها‬
mortar. Attempt must never be made to slide one . ‫جلوگیری نمود‬
‫درصورت بیجا شدن سنگ سخت شده در مالط‬
stone on top of another, freshly laid.
‫ باید بدون حرکت دادن‬،‫و شکستن بندها‬
Shaping and dressing shall be done before the
‫ مالط خشک‬.‫سنگهای مجاورش بیرون سازیم‬
stone is laid in the work. No dressing and
‫و سنگها باید کامال از بندها پاک‬
hammering, which will loosen the masonry, will be ‫گردیده و سنگها دوباره با مالط تازه‬
allowed after it is once placed. All necessary ‫ هیچ وقتی نباید یک سنگ‬.‫جابجا شود‬
chases for joggles, dowels and clamps should be ‫را باالی سنگ دیگری در مالط تازه‬
formed before hand. .‫لغذید‬
Sufficient transverse bonds shall be provided by ‫شکل دهی و پوشکاری باید قبل از‬
the use of bond stone extending from the front to ‫ هیچ پوشکاری‬.‫گذاشتن سنگ صورت گیرد‬
the back of the wall and in case of thick wall from ‫و چکشکاری بعد از گذاشتن بناء که‬
outside to the interior and vice versa. In the latter ‫باعث سست شدن آن گردد نباید صورت‬
case, bond stones shall overlap each other in their ‫ تمام بریده گی ها برای برجستگی‬.‫گیرد‬
arrangement. ‫ هم بندیها و محکم‬،‫ها و فرورفتگی ها‬
‫کاری های ضروری باید از قبل انجام‬
In case headers are not available, pre-cast headers
. ‫گیرد‬
of M 15 concrete shall be used. Cast-in-situ

274 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

headers are not permitted. ‫با استفاده از سنگ باند از پیشرو به‬
Stones shall break joint on the face for at least half ‫عقب دیوار و در حالت دیوار ضخیم از‬
the height of the course and the bond shall be ‫ میتوان‬،‫بیرون به داخل و مخالف آن‬
carefully maintained throughout. ‫باند های سرتاسری کافی را بوجود‬
In bank work at all angle junctions of walls, the ‫ سنگهای باند در‬،‫ در حالت بعدی‬.‫آورد‬
‫ترتیب آن باید باالی هدیگر قرار‬
stones at each alternate course shall be carried
. ‫گیرند‬
into each of the respective walls so as to unite the
‫ سرسازهای پیش‬،‫در صورت نبود سرساز‬
work thoroughly. ‫ باید استقاده‬C15 ‫ساخته از کانکریت‬
The practice of building up thin faces tied with ‫ سرسازهای ساخته شده در ساحه‬.‫گردد‬
occasional through stones and filling up the middle . ‫نباید استفاده گردد‬
with small stuff or even dry packing is not ،‫سنگها حداقل باید به نیم ارتفاع الیه‬
acceptable. ‫شکستگی برای بند داشته و باند باید‬
All quoins and the angles of the opening shall be . ‫به دقت در سراسر نگهداری گردد‬
made from selected stones, carefully squared and ‫بندکاری در تمام پیوندهای زاویه یی‬
bedded and arranged to bond alternately long and ‫ سنگها در هر الیه متناوب‬،‫دیوارها‬
short in both directions. ‫باید در دیوارهای مربوط آن گذاشته‬
All vertical joints shall be truly vertical. Vertical . ‫شود تا کار بطور وسیع متحد گردد‬
‫عمل ساخت سطوح نازک بخصوص گره خورده‬
joints shall be staggered as far as possible.
‫با سنگها و پرکاری میانه با مواد‬
Distance between the nearer vertical joints of
‫کوچک و یا بسته بندی خشک قابل قبول‬
upper layer and lower shall not be less than half
. ‫نمیباشد‬
the height of the course. ‫تمام سنگ تاجها و زوایای دهانه باید‬
Only rectangular shaped bond stones or headers ،‫ دقیق مربع شده‬،‫از سنگهای منتخب‬
shall be used. Bond stones shall overlap each other ‫هموار و بشکل متناوب طویل و کوتاه‬
by 150 mm or more. . ‫در هر دو سمت ساخته شود‬
All connected masonry in a structure shall be ‫تمام بندهای عمودی باید دقیقا عمود‬
carried up nearly at one uniform level throughout ‫ بندهای عمودی باید به حد امکان‬.‫باشد‬
but when breaks are unavoidable the masonry ‫بین‬ ‫فاصله‬ .‫شود‬ ‫ناویده‬ ‫دور‬
shall be raked in sufficiently long steps to facilitate ‫نزدیکترین بندهای عمودی الیه باالیی و‬
jointing of old and new work. The stepping of ‫پایینی نباید کمتر از نیم ارتفاع الیه‬
raking shall not be more than 45 degrees with .‫باشد‬
‫تنها سنگهای باند مستطیل شکل و یا‬
horizontal.
‫ سنگهای‬.‫سرساز باید استفاده گردد‬
‫ویا زیادتر باالی‬mm 150 ‫باند باید به‬
.‫یکدیگر قرار گیرند‬
‫تمام بناء متصل در یک ساختمان باید‬
‫درهمه جا به یک سطح یکسان قرار گیرند‬
‫ولی درصورتیکه شکستگی ها غیر قابل‬
‫جلوگیری باشد بناء باید به فاصله های‬
‫طویل مناسب کنده شود تا اتصال کار‬
‫ فاصله‬.‫سابقه با کار جدید گشایش یابد‬
‫ درجه‬45 ‫دهی کندنکاری نباید بیشتر از‬
. ‫با سطح افقی باشد‬

502.4.2 Random Masonry (Uncoursed and ‫ بناء های مختلف‬502.4.2

coursed)
‫) پوشکاری‬1(

275 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

(1) Dressing ‫ دوطرف‬،‫سنگ باید با چکشکاری در سطح‬

Stone shall be hammer dressed on the face, the ‫و طبقه ها پوشکاری گردد تا در نزدیکی‬
sides and beds to enable it to come in proximity ‫ غالفکاری در‬.‫سنگهای مجاور قرار گیرد‬
with the neighboring stone. The bushing on the . ‫باشد‬mm 40 ‫سطح معرض نباید بیشتر از‬
exposed face shall not be more than 40 mm.
‫) قرارگیری سنگتراشه ها‬2(
(2) Insertion of chips
‫سنگتراشه ها و سنگریزه های سنگ را‬
Chips and spalls of stone may be used wherever
‫میتوان در جاهای ضروری برای جلوگیری‬
necessary to avoid thick mortar beds or joints and
‫از تختهای مالط ضخیم و یا بندها‬
it shall be ensured that no hollow spaces are left
‫استفاده کرد و مطمئن گردد تا هیچ‬
anywhere in the masonry. The chips shall not be ‫خالیگاه های کوچک در بناء باقی‬
used below hearting stones to bring these up to ‫ سنگتراشه ها نباید پایینتر‬.‫نماند‬
the level of face stones. Use of chips shall be ‫از سنگهای مرکزی برای هم سطح سازی‬
restricted to filling of interstices between the .‫با سنگهای معرض استفاده گردد‬
adjacent stones in hearting and they shall not ‫استفاده سنگتراشه ها باید فقط برای‬
exceed 20 per cent of the quantity of stone ‫پرکاری درزها میان سنگهای مجاور در‬
masonry. ‫مرکز استفاده شده و نباید بیشتر از‬
(3) Hearting stones . ‫ فیصد مقدار سنگ بناء باشد‬20
The hearting or interior filling of the wall face shall
consist of rubble stones not less than 150 mm in ‫) سنگهای مرکزی‬3(
‫سنگهای مرکزی و یا پرکاری داخلی سطح‬
any direction. Carefully laid, hammered down with
‫دیوار باید شامل پاره سنگهاییکه‬
a wooden mallet into position and solidly bedded
.‫در هر جهت باشد‬mm 150 ‫نباید کمتر از‬
in mortar. The hearting should be laid nearly level
‫با چکش چوبی باید چکشکاری شده تا در‬
with facing and backing. .‫ دقیقا گذاشته شود‬،‫مالط محکم شده‬
(4) Bond stones ‫سنگهای مرکزی باید قریبا هم سطح با‬
Through bond stones shall be provided in masonry .‫سمت معرض و سمت داخلی گذاشته شود‬
up to 600 mm thickness and in case of masonry
above 600 mm thickness, a set of two or more ‫) سنگهای باند‬4(
bond stones overlapping each other at least by 150 ‫ضخیم سنگهای باند‬mm 600 ‫در بناء های‬
mm shall be provided in a line from face to back. ‫یکسان واقع شده و در صورت بناء های‬
In case of highly absorbent types of stones (porous ‫ یک دسته دو دانه‬،mm600 ‫ضخیمتر از‬
limestone and sandstones, etc.,) the bond stone ‫یی و یا زیادتر سنگهای باند که حد‬
shall extend only about two-third into the wall, as ‫باالی یکدیگر قرار گیرند‬mm 150 ‫اقل‬
through stones in such cases may give rise to ‫باید در یک خط از سطح معرض بطرف عقب‬
‫ در صورت انواع سنگهای‬.‫آماده گردد‬
penetration of dampness and therefore, for all
‫ ماسه سنگ‬،‫جاذب قوی (سنگ آهک منفذدار‬
thickness of such masonry, a set of two or more
‫و غیره) سنگهای باند باید فقط دو در‬
bond stones overlapping each other by at least 150
‫ چنانکه‬،‫سه چند در دیوار اضافه گردد‬
mm shall be provided. One bond stones shall be ‫سنگها در چنین حاالت نفوذ نمناکی را‬
provided for every 0.50 sq. m. of the masonry ‫ برای تمام‬،‫بلند برده و از این رو‬
surface. ‫ یک دسته دو دانه یی و‬،‫چنین بناء ها‬
(5) Quoin stone ‫یا زیادتر سنگهای باند که حد اقل‬
Quoin stone i.e. stone specially selected and ،‫باالی یکدیگر قرار گیرند‬mm 150
neatly dressed for forming an external angle in ‫ سنگهای یک باند باید در‬.‫ارائه گردد‬
masonry work, shall not be less than 0.3 cubic ‫ متر مربع سطح بناء ارائه‬0.5 ‫هر‬
meters in volume. . ‫گردد‬
(6) Plum stone

276 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

The plum stones are selected long stones ‫) سنگ زاویه‬5(

embedded vertically in the interior of the masonry ‫سنگ زاویه که اصال برای بوجود آوردن‬
to form a bond between successive courses and ‫یک زاویه خارجی در بناء کاری استفاده‬
shall be provided at about 900 mm intervals. ‫شده که بطور خاص انتخاب شده و مرتب‬
(7) Laying ‫ و حجم آن نباید کمتر از‬،‫پوش گردد‬
.‫ متر مکعب باشد‬0.3
The masonry shall be laid with or without courses
as specified. The quoins shall be laid header and
‫) سنگ پلم‬6(
stretcher alternately. Every stone shall be fitted to
‫سنگهای پلم سنگهای طویل منتخب شده‬
the adjacent stone so as to form neat and close ‫ایست که عمودا در داخل بناء جاسازی‬
joint. Face stone shall extend and bond well in the ‫شده تا یک باند میان الیه های بعدی‬
back. These shall be arranged to break joints, as mm 900 ‫ساخته و باید در فاصله های‬
much as possible, and to avoid long vertical lines . ‫اماده گردد‬
of joints.
(8) Joints ‫) گذاشتن‬7(
The face joints shall not be more than 20 mm thick, ‫بناء باید با یا بدون الیه ها طوریکه‬
but shall be sufficiently thick to prevent stone-to- .‫مشخص گردیده باشد گذاشته شود‬
stone contact and shall be completely filled with ‫سنگهای زاویه باید بشکل متناوب طوال‬
mortar. ‫ هر سنگ باید با‬.‫و عرضا گذاشته شود‬
‫سنگ مجاورش قالب شده تا بند مرتب و‬
‫ سنگ معرض باید‬.‫بسته را بوجود آورد‬
‫گسترش یابد تا در عقب باند خوبی‬
‫ این چنین باید مرتب گردد‬.‫بوجود آید‬
‫ تا حد امکان بوجود‬،‫تا شکستگی بندها‬
‫آورده و از خطوط طویل عمودی بندها‬
. ‫جلوگیری نماید‬

‫) بندها‬8(
m m 20 ‫بندهای معرض نباید بزرگتر از‬
‫ ولی به اندازه کافی ضخیم باشد‬،‫بوده‬
‫تا از تماس سنگ با سنگ جلوگیری نموده‬
. ‫و باید کامال با مالط پر گردد‬

502.4.3 Square Rubble – Coursed Rubble (First ‫ پاره سنگ‬- ‫ پاره سنگ مربع‬502.4.3
Sort) )‫بزرگ (نوع اول‬
(1) Dressing ‫) پوشکاری‬1(
Face stones shall be hammer dressed on all beds ‫سنگهای معرض باید با چکش در تمام‬
and joints so as to give them rectangular shape. ‫سطوح و بندها پوشکاری گردد تا بشکل‬
These shall be square on all joints and beds. The ‫ اینها باید در تمام‬.‫مستطیلی درآید‬
bed joints shall be chisel drafted for at least 80 mm ‫ بندهای سطوح‬.‫بندها و سطوح مربع باشد‬
‫عقب از معرض‬mm 80 ‫باید برای حد اقل‬
back from the face and for at least 40 mm for the
‫در بندهای سمتی‬mm 40 ‫و برای حد اقل‬
side joints. No portion of the dressed surface shall
‫ هیج بخشی ار سطح پوش‬.‫کوبه کاری گردد‬
show a depth of gap more than 6 mm from the
mm 6 ‫شده نباید عمق فاصله بیشتر از‬
straight edge placed on it. The remaining ‫از لبه مستقیمیکه باالیش واقع شده است‬
unexposed portion of the stone shall not project ‫معرض‬ ‫غیر‬ ‫بخشهای‬ .‫دهد‬ ‫نشان‬
beyond the surface of bed and side joints. The ‫باقیمانده سنگ نباید بیرون از سطح‬
requirements regarding bushing shall be the same ‫ الزامات‬.‫تخت و بندهای سمتی طرح گردد‬

277 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

as for random rubble masonry. ‫مربوط به غالفکاری باید همانند بناء‬

(2) Hearting stones . ‫سنگپاره های مختلف باشد‬
The hearting or interior filling of the wall face shall
consist of flat bedded stone carefully laid, on ‫) سنگهای مرکزی‬2(
prepared beds in mortar. The use of chips shall be ‫سنگهای مرکزی و یا پرکاری داخلی سطح‬
‫دیوار باید شامل سنگهای سطح هموار‬
restricted to the filling or interstices between the
‫بوده دقیقا باالی سطوح آماده مالط‬
adjacent stones in hearting and these shall not
‫ استفاده سنگتراشه ها‬.‫گذاشته شود‬
exceed 10 per cent of the quantity of masonry.
‫باید فقط برای پرکاری درزها میان‬
While using chips, it shall be ensured that no ‫سنگهای مجاور در مرکز استفاده شده و‬
hollow spaces are left anywhere in the masonry. ‫ فیصد مقدار سنگ‬10 ‫نباید بیشتر از‬
(3) Bond stones ‫ با استفاده از سنگتراشه‬.‫بناء باشد‬
The requirements regarding through or bond ‫ها باید مطمئن شد تا هیچ خالیگاه های‬
stone shall be the same as for random rubble .‫کوچک در بناء باقی نماند‬
masonry, but these, shall be provided at 1.5 meter
to 1.8 meter apart clear in every course. ‫) سنگهای باند‬3(
(4) Quoin stone ‫الزمات برای سنگهای باند باید‬
The quoins shall be of the same height of the ‫همانند بناء پاره سنگهای مختلف‬
course in which these occur and shall be formed of 1.5 ‫ باید در فاصله‬،‫ مگر اینها‬،‫باشد‬
header stones not less than 450 mm in length. ‫ متر دورتر و پاک در هر الیه‬1.8 ‫الی‬
.‫قرار گیرند‬
They shall be laid lengthwise alternately along
each face, square in their beds which shall be fairly
‫) سنگ زاویه‬4(
dressed to a depth of at least 100 mm.
‫سنگ زاویه باید هم ارتفاع الیه مربوطه‬
(5) Face stone
‫بوده و باید دارای سنگهای سرساز به‬
Face stones shall tail into the work for not less than ‫ اینها باید طوال به‬.‫باشد‬mm 450 ‫طول‬
their heights and at least one-third of the stones ‫ در طرف‬،‫هر سمتش متناوب گذاشته شده‬
shall tail into the work for a length not less than ‫تخت شان مربع بوده که حد اقل به عمق‬
twice their height. These shall be laid as headers .‫پوشانیده شود‬mm 100
and stretchers alternately.
(6) Laying ‫) سنگ معرض‬5(
The stones shall be laid on horizontal courses and ‫سنگهای معرض باید به تمام ارتفاع شان‬
all vertical joints should be truly vertical. The quoin ‫بکار رفته و حد اقل یک بر سه حصه‬
stones should be laid header and stretcher ‫سنگها با طول نباید کمتر از دو چند‬
alternately and shall be laid square on their beds, ‫ اینها باید‬.‫ارتفاع شان بکار رود‬
which shall be rough chisel dressed to a depth of .‫بشکل متناوب طوال و عرضا گذاشته شود‬
at least 100 mm.
‫) گذاشتن‬6(
(7) Joints
‫سنگها باسد به الیه های افقی گذاشته‬
The face joints shall not be more than 10 mm thick,
‫شده و تمام بندهای عمودی باید دقیقا‬
but shall be sufficiently thick to prevent stone-to- ‫ سنگهای زاویه باید بشکل‬.‫عمود باشد‬
stone contact and shall be completely filled with ‫متناوب طوال و عرضا گذاشته شده و به‬
mortar. ‫ که الی عمق‬،‫مربع در سطح گذاشته شود‬
‫با کوبه کاری سرسری باید پوش‬mm 100
.‫گردید‬

‫) بندها‬7(
mm 10 ‫بندهای معرض نباید بزرگتر از‬

278 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

‫ ولی به اندازه کافی ضخیم باشد‬،‫بوده‬

‫تا از تماس سنگ با سنگ جلوگیری نموده‬
. ‫و باید کامال با مالط پر گردد‬

502.4.4 Pointing ‫ پرکاری‬502.4.4

Pointing shall be carried out using mortar not ‫پرکاری نباید با مالطیکه حجم آن‬
learner than 1:3 by volume of cement and sand or ‫ سیمنت و ریگ و یا طبق‬1:3 ‫کوچکتر از‬
as shown on the drawing. The mortar shall be filled ‫ قبل از تمیز‬.‫ذکر شده در نقشه باشد‬
and pressed into the raked out joints before giving ‫الزمه بندهای کنده شده باید با مالط‬
‫ پرکاری باید طبق‬.‫پرکاری گردد‬
the required finish. The pointing shall conform to
.‫) باشد‬3( 501.11 ‫مشخصات ماده‬
Clause 501.11 (3) of the Specification. The
‫بزرگترین ضخامت بندها در کارهای‬
maximum thickness of joints in different work shall
:‫مختلف باید طور ذیل باشد‬
be as follows:
: ‫سنگپاره های مختلف‬ •
 Random Rubble : 20 mm
20m m
 Coursed Rubble : 15 mm
: ‫سنگپاره های بزرگ‬ •
15m m

502.4.5 Curing ‫ محافظت‬502.4.5

Curing shall conform to relevant clauses of 501. ‫محافظت باید طبق مشخصات مربوطه ماده‬
.‫ باشد‬501

Scaffolding ‫ تخته بندی‬502.5

For scaffolding Clause 501.9 shall apply. 501.9 ‫ماده‬ ‫باید‬ ‫برای تخته بندی‬
.‫استفاده گردد‬

Weep Holes ‫ سوراخهای تهویه‬502.6

Weep holes shall be provided in solid plain ‫سوراخهای تهویه باید در کانکریت سخت‬
concrete/reinforced concrete, brick/stone ‫ دیواره‬،‫سنگ‬/‫ بناء خشت‬،‫مسلح‬/‫ساده‬
masonry, abutment, wing wall and return walls as ‫ دیوارهای جناهی و دیوارهای عطف‬،‫ها‬
shown on the drawing or directed by the Engineer ‫مطابق به نقشه و یا هدایت انجنیر‬
to drive moisture from the back filling. Weep holes ‫ارئه گردد تا از رطوبت خاکریزی‬
‫ سوراخهای تهویه در‬.‫جلوگیری نماید‬
shall be provided with 100 mm diameter PVC pipe
‫مسلح و یا‬/‫ساختمانهای کانکریتی ساده‬
for structures in plain/ reinforced concrete or brick
mm 100 ‫بناء خشتی با پایپ پی وی سی‬
masonry unless otherwise indicated in the
‫ در صورت‬.‫و یا طبق نقشه ارائه گردد‬
Drawings. In case of stone masonry, weep holes ‫ این سوراخها باید به عرض‬،‫بناء سنگی‬
shall be 80 mm wide, 150 mm high or circular with ‫و یا دایرهء با‬mm 150 ‫ ارتفاع‬،mm80
150 mm diameter unless otherwise indicated in ‫ این‬.‫و یا طبق نقشه باشد‬mm 150 ‫قطر‬
the Drawings. Weep holes shall extend through ‫عرض‬ ‫سرتاسر‬ ‫در‬ ‫باید‬ ‫سوراخها‬
the full width of concrete/masonry with slope of ‫ افقی‬:1 ‫بناء با میالن عمودی‬/‫کانکریت‬
about 1 vertical: 20 horizontal towards the ‫ فاصله‬.‫ به سمت سطح ناودان باشد‬20
draining face. The spacing of weep holes shall ‫ متر بودده‬1 ‫بین این سوراخها عموما‬
generally be 1 m in either direction or as shown in ‫و یا طبق نقشه با پایینترین آن‬
the drawing with the lowest at about 150 mm ‫باالی سطح آب و یا سطح‬mm 150 ‫تقریبا‬
above the low water level or ground level ‫زمین هرکدام بلندتر باشد و یا طبق‬

279 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

whichever is higher or as directed by the Engineer. .. ‫هدایت انجنیر میباشد‬

Jointing with Existing Structures ‫اتصال با ساختمانهای موجود‬ 502.7

For jointing with existing structures, the ‫برای چنین باید از مشخصات ذکر شده‬
specifications given under Clause 501.7 shall .‫ استفاده گردد‬501.7 ‫در ماده‬
apply.

Architectural Coping for Wing /Return / ‫برای‬ ‫معماری‬ ‫ قرنیس دیوار‬502.8

Parapet Walls ‫ دیواره‬/‫اعاده‬/‫جناح‬
Architectural coping for wing / return / parapet 501.12 ‫برای چنین باید مطابق به ماده‬
walls shall conform to Clause 501.12. .‫عمل کرد‬

Tests and Standard of Acceptance ‫ آزمایشات و استاندارد قبولی‬502.9

All work shall be done to the lines and levels as ‫تمام کارها باید با خطوط و درجاتیکه‬
indicated on the drawing or as directed by the ‫در نقشه و یا توسط انجنیر برای تحمالت‬
Engineer subject to tolerances as specified in these ‫مشخص شده در این مشخصات هدایت گردیده‬
specifications. .‫باشد‬
Mortar cubes shall be tested for compressive ‫مکعبات مالط باید برای مقاومت فشاری‬
‫دیگر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫و‬ AASHTO T106 ‫طبق‬
strength in accordance with AASHTO T106 or other
‫استانداردهای جهانی تایید شده توسط‬
equivalent international standards approved by
‫ تعداد دفعات‬.‫انجنیر آزمایش گردد‬
the Engineer. The frequency of testing shall be one
‫آزمایش باید یک نمونه برای دو متر‬
sample for every two cubic meters of mortar ‫ نمونه در‬3 ‫مربع مالط که درکل حد اقل‬
subject to a minimum 3 samples for a day’s work. . ‫روز کار گردد‬

Method of Measurement ‫ میتود اندازه گیری‬502.10

Stone masonry shall be measured in cubic meters. ‫بناء سنگی باید به متر مکعب اندازه‬
In arches, the length of arch shall be measured as .‫گردد‬
the mean length between the extrados and ‫طول قوس باید اوسط طول بین قوس‬
intrados. .‫بیرونی و قوس داخلی باشد‬
‫متر‬ ‫( بناء سنگی‬1) 502
‫مکعب‬
502 (1) Stone masonry cum

Rates ‫ مقادیر‬502.11
The contract unit rate for stone masonry shall ‫نرخ واحد قرارداد برای خشتکاری باید‬
include the cost of all labors, materials, tools and ،‫ مواد‬،‫شامل هزینه تمام کارگران‬
plant, scaffolding, sampling and testing, ‫ تخته بندی و دیگر‬،‫اسباب و کارخانه‬
supervision and other expenses incidental to the ‫مخارج ضمنی برای تکمیل کار قانع‬
satisfactory completion of the work as described ‫ آزمایشات و‬،‫ نمونه گیری‬،‫کننده‬
. ‫نظارت طبق شرح داده شده باال باشد‬
herein above.

280 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 5: Masonry Works General Technical Specification

281 | S e c t i o n 5
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

Section 6: Steel Works

601 Scope of Work

601.1 Description
This work shall include furnishing, fabricating,
transporting, erecting and painting Steel Works,
cast steel, steel forgings, cast iron and other
incidental metal construction of the kind, size and
quantity in conformity with the drawings and
these specifications or as approved by the
Engineer.

601.2 Materials
601.2.1 General
Materials to be used in the work shall conform to
the specifications mentioned on the drawings and
in these specifications. If any material not covered
in these specifications is required to be used in the
work, it shall conform to relevant international
standards approved by the Engineer.
The applicable international standards shall be as
follows (in alphabetical order);
 AASHTO : American Association of
State Highway and Transportation Officials
 AISC : American Institute of Steel
Construction
 ANSI : American National Standards
Institute
 ASME : American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
 ASTM : American Society of Tests and
Materials
 AWS : American Welding Society
 BS : British Standards
 ISO : International Standard
Organization
 JIS : Japanese Industrial Standards
 Others approved by the Engineer
The Contractor shall submit the copies of the
relevant part of the international standards when
requested by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall submit the overall program
for the steel works including the schedule of

281 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

submission of shop drawings prior to the

commencement of the work. Method statement
for fabrication, transportation, erection and
inspection, including welding plan, painting plan,
etc. shall also be submitted.
The Contractor shall submit the material
certificates for all the materials with necessary
information such as the source of the materials,
mill sheets, chemical components, test results, etc.
to the Engineer for approval.

601.2.2 Steel Works

Steel Works to be used shall be of the grade and
specification as specified in the Drawings.
Depending on the availability in the local market,
Steel Works of equivalent grade may be adopted if
approved by the Engineer. When requested by the
Engineer to confirm the properties of the
materials, the Contractor shall conduct relevant
test to prove that the properties of the material is
equivalent to those specified in the Drawings.
All the materials shall be free from cracks, flaws,
injurious seams, laps, blisters, ragged and
imperfect edges and other defects. It shall have a
smooth and uniform finish and shall be
straightened in the mill before shipment. They
shall also be free from loose mill scale, rust, pits or
other defects affecting its strength and durability.

601.2.3 Fasteners
Bolts, nuts and washers shall comply with the
specifications given in the drawings. The
equivalent materials in accordance with the
relevant international standards may be used
subject to the approval of the Engineer.

601.2.4 Welding Consumables

Welding consumables shall comply with the
relevant international standards approved by the
Engineer.
All materials to be used for welding shall be of a
recognized manufacture, and the Contractor shall
when requested by the Engineer furnish
manufacturer's certification that the electrodes

282 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

and other products used for welding meet the

requirement of the specifications.

601.2.5 Paint
All materials for painting on steel structures shall
conform to the requirements specified in the
drawings or specified elsewhere and shall conform
to the requirements of the following specifications
or other equivalent international standards.
The paints shall be supplied only by recognized
manufacturers, and samples and technical data
shall be submitted to the Engineer for his approval.
In any paint system (viz. primer, undercoats,
intermediate coat and finishing coats) each coat of
paint shall be compatible with the other, and to
ensure this, all paint shall be obtained from the
same approved manufacturer with a guarantee of
compatibility.

601.3 Fabrication
601.3.1 General
All work shall be in accordance with the drawings
and as per these specifications with care being
taken that all parts of an assembly fit accurately
together. All members shall carry mark number
and item number and, if required, serial number.
Unless specifically required under the Contract,
corresponding parts need not be interchangeable,
but the parts shall be match marked as required
under Clause 601.3.5.
Templates, jigs and other appliances used for
ensuring the accuracy of the work shall be of mild
steel; where specially required, these shall be
bushed with hard steel. All measurements shall be
made by means of steel tape or other device
properly calibrated.
All Steel Works members and parts shall have
straight edges and blunt surfaces. If necessary,
they shall be straightened or flattened by pressure
unless they are required to be of curvilinear forms.
They shall also be free from twist. Pressure applied
for straightening or flattening shall be such as
would not injure the materials. Hammering shall
not be permitted. Adjacent surfaces or edges shall

283 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

be in close contact or at uniform distance

throughout.
The Contractor shall submit his programme of
work to the Engineer for his approval at least 15
days before the commencement of fabrication.
This programme shall include the proposed system
of identification and erection marks together with
complete details of fabrication and welding
procedures and inspection methodology.
The Contractor shall prepare shop drawings for
fabricating any member and obtain approval of the
Engineer before the start of work. Complete
information regarding the location, type, size and
extent of all welds shall be clearly shown on the
shop drawings. These drawings shall distinguish
between shop and field welds.

601.3.2 Preparation of Edges and Ends

All Steel Works-parts, where required, shall be
sheared, cropped, sawn or flame cut and ground
accurately to the required dimension and shape.
Markings shall be provided accurately on the
materials to be cut as required.
End/edge planing and cutting shall be done by any
one of the following prescribed methods or left as
rolled:

a) Shearing, cropping, sawing, machining,

machine flame cutting.
b) Hand flame cutting with subsequent
grinding to a smooth edge.
c) Sheared edges of plate not more than 16
mm thick with subsequent grinding to
smooth profile, which are for secondary use
such as stiffeners and gussets.

Cutting shall be done machine. Hand cutting may

be used exceptionally, in connection with the
erection, if approved by the Engineer. In such cases
the joint edges shall receive a finishing treatment,
with planing and grinding tools.
Cutting by shearing machine may be used for
plates not exceeding 10 mm in thickness provided
that the plate edge is fully enclosed in a weld.
Cut edges which will be subjected to substantial

284 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

stress, or which are to have weld metal deposited

on them, shall be reasonably free from notches or
gouges. The cut edges shall be ground or
machined where necessary to obtain smooth
surface and regular without notches. Manual
frame cutting shall be permitted by the Engineer
only where machine cutting is not practicable.

601.3.3 Preparation of holes

(1) Drilling and Punching
Holes for bolts shall be either punched or drilled.
All holes shall be drilled except for secondary
members such as floor plate, hand rails etc.
Members which do not carry the main load can be
punched subject to the thickness of member not
exceeding 12 mm.
Where several plates or sections form a compound
member, they shall, where practicable, be firmly
connected together by clamps or tacking bolts,
and the holes be drilled through the group in one
operation. Alternatively, and in the case of
repetition work, the plates and sections may be
drilled separately from jigs and templates. Jigs and
templates shall be checked at least once after
every 25 operations. All burrs shall be removed.
In the case of repetition of spans, the erection of
every span shall not be insisted upon, provided
that methods are adopted to ensure strict
interchangeability. In such cases, one span in ten
or any number less than ten of each type shall be
erected from pieces selected at random by the
Engineer and should there be any failure of the
pieces to fit, all similar spans shall be erected
complete. In the event of spans being proved
completely interchangeable, all corresponding
parts shall carry the same mark so that sorting of
the materials at site is facilitated.

(2) Block Drilling

Where the number of plates to be bolted exceeds
three or the total thickness is 90 mm or more, the
bolt holes, unless they have been drilled through
steel bushed jigs, shall be drilled out in place 3 mm
all round after assembling. In such cases, the work

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shall be thoroughly bolted together.

(3) Size of Holes

Unless otherwise specified, the sizes of bolt holes
in millimeters shall not be larger than below:
Table 601-1: Size of Bolt Holes
Bolt Type Bolt Hole Nominal Bolt
Diameter D Diameter Db
(mm) (mm)
High Db + 2.0 Db not larger
Tension than 27 mm
Bolt Db + 3.0 Db 27mm and
more
Ordinary Db + 0.5 -
Bolt
Anchor Db + 5.0 -
Bolt

601.3.4 Welding
Welding requirements shall in all respects conform
to ANSI/AWS D1.1-98 or other equivalent
international standards approved by the Engineer.
All welding shall be done with prior approval of the
Engineer. The welding procedures for shop and
site welds including particulars of the preparation
of fusion faces for metal arc welding shall be
submitted prior to the work for the approval of the
Engineer and shall also be in accordance with the
details shown on the drawings. Any deviation from
the above has to be approved by Engineer.
The Contractor shall perform test welds of the
types of welding to be applied in the structure,
according to the programme agreed with the
Engineer. The quality of the test welds shall be
approved by the Engineer prior to execution of the
welding work in question. The test welding shall be
made from working positions corresponding to the
actual working positions during construction.
All the welding works shall be carried out by the
qualified welders who have been certified by
authorized organization as applicable. The
Contractor shall submit the welder’s certification
and CV (curriculum vitae or resume) to the
Engineer for approval.

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The steel members shall be fitted up to the

dimensional accuracy required by the welding
procedure, depending on the process to be used,
to ensure the quality of welding.
Fabrications assembled in jigs may be completely
weld in the jig, or may be removed from the jig
after tack welding if approved.
Tack welding may be used provided that;
(i) they are laid in an area to be welded and
are thoroughly removed by grinding or
gouging such that subsequent welding is
unaffected, or
(ii) (they are undertaken by qualified
welders and comply with the approved
welding procedure, or
(iii) they are fully remelted using a welding
procedure that demonstrates that tack
welding if fully remelted during
subsequent welding, or
(iv) they are located away from zones where
subsequent welding is to take place and
in a zone where only compressive forces
are present in service.

The sequence of welding shall be such that

distortion is minimized.
The welded temporary attachment should be
avoided as far as possible, otherwise the method
of making any temporary attachment shall be
approved by the Engineer. Any scars from
temporary attachment shall be removed by
cutting, chipping and surface shall be finished
smooth by grinding to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
Welding shall not be done when the air
temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius.
Welding shall not be done when the surfaces are
moist, during periods of strong winds or in snowy
weather unless the work and the welding
operators are adequately protected.
The Contractor shall be responsible for visual
inspection and necessary correction of all
deficiencies in materials and workmanship. The
tolerances concerning gap between parts to be
welded, eccentricity and departure from

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theoretical alignment, dimensions of the cross

section of groove welded joints, etc. shall conform
to ANSI/AWS D1.1-98.
The Contractor shall comply with the request of
the Engineer to correct deficiencies in materials
and workmanship in accordance with the drawings
and the specifications.

601.3.5 Shop Assembly and Match Marking

Before being dispatched, the steel work shall be
temporarily assembled in the fabrication shop for
inspection by the Engineer either wholly or in such
portion as the Engineer may require so that he
may be satisfied both in respect of the alignment
and fit of all connections. For this purpose,
sufficient number of parallel drifts and service
bolts tightly screwed up shall be employed. All
parts shall fit accurately and be in accordance with
drawings and specifications.
The field connections of main members of trusses,
arches, continuous beams, spans, bends, plate
girders and rigid frame assembled, aligned,
accuracy of holes and camber shall be checked by
Engineer and then only reaming of sub-size holes
to specified size shall be taken up.
After the work has been passed by the Engineer
and before it is dismantled, each part shall be
carefully marked for re-erection with
distinguishing marks and stamped with durable
markings. Drawings showing these markings
correctly shall be supplied to the Engineer.
Unloading, handling and storage of steel work as
per these specifications shall be the responsibility
of the Contractor. The cost of repairs or of rejected
material, its removal and the cost of transporting
replacement material to the site shall be borne by
the Contractor.

601.3.6 Tolerances
Tolerances in dimensions of components of
fabricated Steel Works work shall be specified on
the drawings and shall be subject to the approval
of the Engineer before fabrication. Unless
specified, all parts of an assembly shall fit together

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accurately within tolerances specified in the table

below.
A machined bearing surface, where specified by
the Engineer, shall be machined within a deviation
of 0.25 mm for surfaces that can be inscribed
within a square of side 0.5 m.
Table 601-2: Fabrication Tolerances
Item Tolerances
1. Length
a) Member with both ends ±1 mm
finished for contact bearing
b) Individual components of
members with end plate
connection +0 mm, -2 mm
c) Other members
i) Up to and including
12 m
ii) Over 12m
±2mm

±3.5mm
2. Width
a) Width of built-up girders ±3mm
b) Deviation in the width of
members required to be +0mm, -3mm
inserted in other members
3. Depth
Deviation in the depths of
solid web and open web +3mm, -2mm
girders
4. Straightness L/3000 subject
a) Deviation from straightness to a maximum
of columns of 15mm,
i) In elevation where L is the
ii) In plan length of
member.
+5mm, -0mm

L/1000 subject
to a maximum
of 10mm.
5. Deviation of centerline of 3mm
web from centerline of
flanges in built-up members
at contact surfaces

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6. Deviation from flatness of 0.005d to a

plate of webs of built-up maximum of
members in a length equal 2mm where d
to the depth of the member. is the depth of
the member.
7. Tilt of flange of plate girders
a) At splices and stiffeners, at
supports, at the top flanges 0.005b to a
of plate girders and at maximum of
bearings 2mm where b
b) At other places is the width of
the member.

0.015b to a
maximum of
4mm where b
is the width of
the member.
8. Deviation from squareness L/1000, where
of flange to web of columns L is the
and box girders nominal length
of the diagonal
9. Deviation from squareness D/500, where
of fixed base plate (not D is the
machined) to axis of column. distance from
This dimension shall be the column
measured parallel to the axis to the
longitudinal axis of the point under
column at points where the consideration
outer surfaces of the column on the base
sections make contact with plate.
the base plate.
10. Deviation from squareness D/1000, where
of machined ends to axes of D is as defined
columns in 9 above.
11. Deviation from squareness D/1000, where
of machined ends to axes of D is as defined
beams or girder. in 9 above.
12. Ends of members abutting at 1/600 of the
joints through cleats or end depth of the
plates, permissible deviation member
from squareness of ends. subject to a
maximum of

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1.5mm.

601.4 Erection
601.4.1 General
The provisions of this item shall apply to erection
of steel structures which shall be fabricated at
shop and erected at site.
The Contractor shall erect the Steel Works, remove
the temporary construction, and do all the work
required to complete the construction included in
the Contract in accordance with the drawings and
the specifications and to the entire satisfaction of
the Engineer.

601.4.2 Organization and Equipment

The Contractor shall submit erection plans
prepared in coordination with the fabricator,
showing a method and procedure of erection,
compatible with the details of fabrication. The
plan shall also show the site organization, quality
assurance plan and safety plan.
A detailed scheme must be prepared showing the
sequence of erection and stage-wise activities,
with complete drawings and working phase-wise
instructions. This should be based on detailed
stage-wise calculation and take into account
specifications and capacity of erection equipment
machinery, tools, tackles to be used and
temporary working loads as required.
The scheme should be based on site conditions
including soil conditions, meteorological
conditions, environmental conditions, and
available working space, etc. and necessary
measures shall be taken care of.
The scheme should indicate precisely the type of
temporary fasteners to be used as also the
minimum percentage of permanent fasteners to
be fitted during the stage erection. The working
drawings should give clearly the temporary jigs,
fixtures, clamps, spacer supports, etc.
Unless otherwise provided in the Contract, the
Contractor shall supply and erect all necessary
false work and staging and shall supply all labor,
tools, erection plant and other materials necessary

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to carry out the work complete in all respects.

The Contractor shall supply all bolts, nuts,
washers, etc. required to complete the erection at
site including allowance for wastage, etc.
Topographical survey and measurement to control
deflection, settlement, tilt, clearance, gaps, etc.
before, during and after the erection to assure the
accuracy of the structure shall be planned and
conducted. Unusual observations shall be
reported to the Engineer immediately and
necessary measures shall be taken.
Prior to actual commencement of erection, all
equipment, machinery, tools tackles, ropes, etc.
need to be tested to ensure their efficient working.
Frequent visual inspection is essential in
vulnerable areas to detect displacements, distress,
drainages, etc.
For welded structures, welders’ qualifications and
skill are to be checked as per standard norms. Non-
destructive tests of joints as per Engineer’s
directives are to be carried out where necessary.
Precision non-destructive testing instruments
available in the market should be used for noting
various important parameters of the structures
frequently and systematic record is to be kept.
Erection work should start with complete
resources mobilized as per latest approved
drawings and after a thorough survey of
foundations and other related structural work. In
case of work of magnitude, maximum
mechanization is to be adopted.
The structure should be divided into erectable
modules as per the scheme. This should be pre-
assembled in a suitable yard/platform and its
matching with members of the adjacent module
checked by trial assembly before erection.
The structure shall be set out to the required lines
and levels. The stocks and masses are to be
carefully preserved. The steelwork should be
erected, adjusted and completed in the required
position to the specified line and levels with
sufficient drifts and bolts.
During the progress of work, the Contractor shall
have a competent superintendent or foreman in
charge of the work, who shall be adequately

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experienced in steel erection and acceptable to

the Engineer. Inspection by the Contractor shall be
carried out frequently in accordance with the
quality assurance plan to assure the accuracy and
the quality of the works.

601.4.3 Handling and Storing of Materials

Suitable area for storage of structures and
components shall be located near the site of work.
The access road should be free from water logging
during the working period and the storage area
should be on leveled and firm ground.
The store should be provided with adequate
handling equipment e.g. road mobile crane,
gantries, derricks, chain pulley blocks, winch of
capacity as required. Stacking area should be
planned and have racks, stands sleeper, access
tracks, etc., and properly lighted.
Storage should be planned to suit erection work
sequence and avoid damage or distortion.
Excessively rusted, bent or damaged steel shall be
rejected. Methods of storage and handling steel
whether fabricated or not shall be subject to the
approval of the Engineer.
Fabricated materials are to be stored with erection
marks visible, such as not to come into contact
with earth surface or water and should be
accessible to handling equipment.
Small fitting hand tools are to be kept in containers
in covered stores.
All materials, consumables, including raw steel or
fabricated material shall be stored specification-
wise and size-wise above the ground upon
platforms, skids or other supports. It shall be kept
free from dirt and other foreign matters and shall
be protected as far as possible from corrosion and
distortion. The electrodes shall be stored
specification-wise and shall be kept in dry warm
condition in properly designed racks. The bolts,
nuts, washers and other fasteners shall be stored
on racks above the ground with protective oil
coating in gunny bags. The paint shall be stored
under cover in air-tight containers.
Safety nuts and bolts as directed are to be used
while working. The Contractor shall be held

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responsible for loss or damage to any material paid

for while in his care or for any damage to such
material resulting from his work.

601.4.4 False works

The false works such as temporary supports,
scaffolding, etc. necessary for erection shall be
properly designed, substantially built and
maintained for all anticipated loads. The
Contractor, if required, shall submit plans for
approval to the Engineer. Approval of the plans,
however, shall not relieve the Contractor of his
responsibility.

601.4.5 Straightening Bent Material

The straightening of plates, angles and other
shapes shall be done by methods not likely to
produce fracture or any injury. The metal shall not
be heated unless permitted by the Engineer for
special cases, when the heating shall not be to a
temperature higher than that producing a dark
“cherry red” color, followed by as slow cooling as
possible. Following the straightening of a bend or
buckle the surface shall be carefully investigated
for evidence of fracture. Sharp kinks and bends
may be the cause for rejection of material.

601.4.6 Assembling Steel

The parts shall be accurately assembled as shown
on the drawings and match marks shall be
followed. The material shall be carefully handled
so that no parts will be bent, broken or otherwise
damaged.
Hammering which will injure or distort the
members shall be avoided. Bearing surface or
surfaces to be in permanent contact shall be
cleaned, before the members are assembled.
All joint surfaces for bolted connections including
bolts, nuts, washers shall be free from scale, dirt,
burrs, other foreign materials and defects that
would prevent solid seating of parts. The slope of
surface of bolted parts in contact with bolt head
and nut shall not exceed 1 in 20, plane normal to
bolt axis, otherwise suitable tapered washer shall

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be used.
All fasteners shall have a washer under nut or bolt
head whichever is turned in tightening.
Any connection to be bolted shall be secured in
close contact with service bolts or with a sufficient
number of permanent bolts before the
connections are finally bolted. Joints shall
normally be made by filling not less than 50 per
cent of holes with service bolts and barrel drifts in
the ratio 4:1. The service bolts are to be fully
tightened up as soon as the joint is assembled.
Connections to be made by close tolerance or
barrel bolts shall be completed as soon as
practicable after assembly.
Any connection to be welded at site shall be
securely held in position by approved methods to
ensure accurate alignment, camber and elevation
before welding is commenced.
The field welding, bolted and pin connection shall
conform to the requirements of clause 601.3 of
this specification as appropriate.
The correction of minor misfits involving harmless
amounts of reaming, cutting and chipping will be
considered a legitimate part of erection. However,
any error in the shop fabrication or deformation
resulting from handling and transportation which
prevents proper assembling and fitting up of parts
by moderate use of drifts or by a moderate
amount of reaming and slight chipping or cutting
shall be reported immediately. Any correction to
be made shall be made in the manner approved by
the Engineer.

601.4.7 Field Inspection

(1) General
The Contractor shall inspect all materials,
equipment and works of erection as necessary and
shall report to the Engineer. The Contractor shall
allow the Engineer to inspect the site at his
convenience and shall provide all facilities
including labor and tools required for the
inspection at all reasonable times. Any work found
defective is liable to be rejected.
No protective treatment shall be applied to the

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work until the appropriate inspection and testing

has been carried out. The stage inspection shall be
carried out for all operations so as to ensure the
correctness of fabrication and good quality. Girder
dimensions and camber shall not be finally
checked until all welding and heating operations
are completed and the member has cooled to a
uniform temperature.

(2) Inspection of Bolted connections

Bolts and bolted connection joints with high
strength friction grip bolts shall be inspected and
tested according to international standards
approved by the Engineer.
The alignment of plates at all bolted splice joints
shall be checked.

(3) Welding
Welding procedure, welded connection and
testing shall be in compliance with ANSI/AWS
D1.1-98 or other relevant international standards
approved by the Engineer.
All facilities necessary for stage inspection during
welding and on completion shall be provided to
the Engineer or their inspectors from the
manufacturer or fabricator.
Adequate means of identification either by
identification mark or other record shall be
provided to enable each weld to be traced to the
welder(s) by whom it was carried out.
One or more of the following methods may be
applied for inspection or testing of weld:

(i) Visual Inspection: All welds shall be visually

inspected, which should cover all defects of
weld such as size, porosity, crack in the weld
or in the HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) etc.
Suitable magnifying glass may be used for
visual inspection.
(ii) Magnetic Particle and Radiographic
Inspection: Welds that are subject to
radiographic or magnetic particle testing in
addition to visual inspection shall have no
crack.

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Magnetic particle test shall be carried out

for detection of crack and other
discontinuity in the weld.
Radiographic test shall be carried out for
detection of internal flaws in the weld such
as crack, piping porosity inclusion, lack of
fusion, incomplete penetration, etc.
Acceptance Criteria: The weld shall be
unacceptable if radiographic or magnetic
particle testing shows discontinuities.
(iii) Ultrasonic Inspection: The Ultrasonic testing
in addition to visual inspection shall be
carried out for detection of internal flaws in
the weld such as cracks, piping porosity
inclusion, lack of fusion, incomplete
penetration, etc.
(iv) Liquid Penetration Inspection: The liquid
penetrant test shall be carried out for
detection of surface defect in the weld in
addition to visual inspection.
The non-destructive testing of following
welds shall be carried out using one of the
method or methods described at (ii), (iii)
and (iv) above, as may be agreed to by the
Engineer.
a) All transverse butt welds in tension
flange
b) 10 per cent of the length of
longitudinal and transverse butt
welds in tension flanges
c) 5 per cent of the length of
longitudinal and transverse butt
welds in compression flanges.
d) All transverse butt welds in webs
adjacent to tension flanges as
specified by the Engineer.
The particular length of welds in webs to be tested
shall be agreed with the Engineer, in case of (b) or
(c).
Where specified by the Engineer, bearing
stiffeners or bearings diaphragms adjacent to
welds flange plates adjacent to web/flange welds,
plates at cruciform welds, plates in box girder
construction adjacent to corner welds or other
details shall be ultrasonically tested after

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fabrication.
Any lamination, lamellar tearing or other defect
found shall be recorded and reported to Engineer
for his decision.
Testing of welding for cast steel: The testing of
weld for cast steel shall be carried out as may be
agreed to by the Engineer.
Stud shear connectors: Stud shear connectors
shall be subjected to the following tests:
a) The fixing of studs after being
welded in position shall be tested by
striking the side of the head of the
stud with a 2 kg hammer to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.
b) The selected stud head stroked with
6 kg hammer shall be capable of
lateral displacement of
approximately 0.25 the height of
the stud from its original position.
The stud weld shall not show any
sign of crack or lack of fusion.
The studs whose welds have failed the tests given
in (a) and (b) shall be replaced.

(4) Inspection Requirement

The fabricated member/component made out of
rolled and built-up section shall be checked for
compliance of the tolerances given in Table 601-4.
Inspection of member/components for
compliance with tolerances, and the check for
deviations shall be made over the full length.
During checking, the inspection requirement shall
be placed in such a manner that local surface
irregularities do not influence the results.
For plate, out-of-plane deviation shall be checked
at right angle to the surface over the full area of
plate.
The relative cross-girder or cross frame deviation
shall be checked over the middle third of length of
the cross girder or frame between each pair of
webs and for cantilever at the end of member.
The web of rolled beam or channel section shall be
checked for out-of-plane deviation in longitudinal
direction equal to the depth of the section.
During inspection, the component/member shall

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not have any load or external restraint.

(5) Inspection Stages

The inspection to be carried out for compliance of
tolerances shall include but not be limited to the
following stages:
a) For completed parts,
component/members on completion of
fabrication and before any subsequent
operation such as surface preparation,
painting, transportation, erection.
b) For webs of plate and box girder,
longitudinal compression flange
stiffeners in box girders and orthotropic
decks and all web stiffeners at site joints,
on completion of site joint.
c) For cross girders and frames, cantilevers
in orthotropic decks and other parts in
which deviations have apparently
increased on completion of site
assembly.
Where, on checking member/component for the
deviations in respect of out-of-plane or out-of-
straightness at right angles to the plate surface,
and any other instances, exceed tolerance, the
maximum deviation shall be measured and
recorded. The recorded measurements shall be
submitted to the Engineer who will determine
whether the component/member may be
accepted without rectification, with rectification
or rejected.

601.5 Painting
601.5.1 General
Unless otherwise specified, all metal work shall be
given approved shop coats as well as field coats of
painting. The work shall include preparation of
metal surfaces, application of protective covering
and drying of the paint coatings and supply of all
tools, scaffolding, labor and materials necessary.
Coatings shall be applied only to dry surfaces and
the coated surfaces shall not be exposed to rain or
frost before they are dry. The coatings shall be
applied to all surfaces excluding shear connectors

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and inner surfaces of fully sealed hollow sections.

Care shall be taken during coating of adjacent
surfaces to build up primer on the shear
connectors.

601.5.2 Surface Preparation

Steel surface to be painted either at the fabricating
shop or at the site of work or galvanized shall be
prepared in a thorough manner with a view to
ensuring complete removal of mill scale, dirt, oil,
grease, rust, etc. by one of the following processes
as agreed to between the fabricator and the
Engineer.
a) Dry or wet grit / Sand Blasting
b) Pickling
c) Flame cleaning
All welding areas shall be given special attention
for removal of weld flux slag, weld metal splatter,
weld head oxides, weld flux fumes, slivers and
other foreign objects. Any rough welding seams
have to be ground and must be inspected and
approved by the Engineer before application of
the coatings.
Primary coat shall be applied as soon as
practicable after process of the surface treatment
is completed.
Work out of doors in frosty or humid weather shall
be avoided.

601.5.3 Painting in Shops

All fabricated steel shall be painted in the shops
after inspection and acceptance as specified in the
Drawings or in the Particular Specification. If not
specified at least one priming coat shall be
provided unless the exposed surfaces are
subsequently to be cleaned at site or are metal
coated. No primer shall be applied to galvanized
surfaces.
Shop contact surfaces, if specifically required to be
painted, shall be brought together while the paint
is still wet.
Field contact surfaces and surfaces to be in contact
with cement shall be painted with primer only. No
paint shall be applied within 50 mm of designed
location of field welds. Paint shall be completely

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dried before loading and transporting to site.

The surface not in contact but inaccessible after
shop assembly, shall receive the fully specified
protective treatment before assembly.
Where surfaces are to be welded, the steel shall
not be painted or metal coated within a suitable
distance from any edges to be welded if the
specified paint or metal coating would be harmful
to welders or is expected to impair the quality of
site welds.
Exposed machined surfaces shall be adequately
protected.

601.5.4 Painting in Site

Surface which will be inaccessible after site
assembly shall receive the full specified protective
treatment before assembly.
Surfaces which will be in contact after site
assembly shall receive a coat of paint (in addition
to any shop priming) and shall be brought together
while the paint is still wet.
Damaged or deteriorated paint surfaces shall be
first made good with the same type of coat as the
shop coat.
Where steel has received a metal coating in the
shop, this coating shall be completed on site so as
to be continuous over any welds and bolts.
Specified protective treatment shall be completed
after erection.

601.5.5 Methods of Application

The methods of application of all paint coatings
shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
written recommendation and shall be carried out
in the most perfect and workmanlike manner by
experienced labors to the satisfaction of the
Engineer. Spray painting may be permitted
provided it will not cause inconvenience to the
public and is appropriate to the type of structure
being coated. Area hard to gain access to for
painting and area shaded for spray application
shall be coated first by brushing.
Planning and execution of the painting work shall
be in conformity with the supplier's specifications
in respect to minimum and maximum intervals

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between the applications of the individual coats.

If a coating material requires the addition of a
curing agent, the pot life under application
conditions shall be clearly stated on the container
label, and this pot life shall not be exceeded.
When the pot life limit is reached, the spray
equipment shall be emptied, remaining material
shall be discarded, the equipment shall be cleaned
and new material shall be prepared.
Each coat of primer, intermediate and finishing
coats shall all be applied so as to provide smooth
coatings of uniform thickness over the entire
surface. Wrinkled or blistered coatings or coatings
with skips, runs, pinholes, sags, lumps, drips or
other blemishes shall not be accepted. When
these occur, they shall be brushed out
immediately or the material shall be removed and
the surface recoated. Each coat shall be allowed to
dry for the time specified by the manufacturer or
as directed by the Engineer before application of
any succeeding coat.
The surface must be completely dry, and its
temperature should be at least 5 degrees Celsius
above the dew point. Paint should only be applied
in suitable weather conditions and any fresh paint
damaged by weather shall be repaired or replaced
at the Contractor's expense. Measure shall be
taken to prevent dust or other extraneous matter
from adhering to wet paint.
Brushes, when used, shall have sufficient body and
length of bristle to spread the paint in a uniform
film. Paint shall be evenly spread and thoroughly
brushed out. On all surfaces which are inaccessible
for painting by regular means, the paint shall be
applied by sheepskin daubers, bottle brushes, or
by any other means approved by the Engineer.
Rollers, when used, shall be of a type which does
not leave a stippled texture in the paint film.
A water trap shall be furnished and installed on all
equipment used in spray painting. Mechanical
mixers shall be used to mix paint. Prior to applying,
the paint shall be mixed a sufficient length of time
to thoroughly mix the pigment and vehicle
together and shall be kept thoroughly mixed
during its application.

302 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

The visual inspection shall be carried out on the

painting. In case the dry film thickness of the paint
is specified in the Drawings or in the Particular
Specifications, it shall be measured in place with a
calibrated magnetic film thickness gauge. The
thickness of each application shall be limited to
that specified in the Paint Systems.
The specified film thicknesses for coating materials
shall be strictly observed and shall be checked with
appropriate film thickness gauges furnished by the
Contractor. The Contractor shall calibrate the
gauges for the thickness range to be checked.
Calibration shall generally be carried out on a
ground and polished steel plate of a quality
corresponding to the Steel Works to be coated.
When dry film thickness is less than specified,
additional coats shall be applied as required at no
additional cost to the Employer. Particular
attention shall be paid to the film thickness on
edges, welding, etc.
The Contractor shall provide protective measures
as necessary to prevent damage to the work and
to other property or persons from all cleaning and
painting operations. Paint or paint stains which
result in an unsightly appearance on surfaces not
designated to be painted shall be removed or
obliterated by the Contractor at his expense. All
painted surfaces that in the opinion of the
Engineer are marred or damaged in any way, shall
be repaired by the Contractor, at his expense, with
materials and to a condition equal to that of the
coating specified herein.
Upon completion of all painting operations and of
any other work that would cause dust, grease, or
other foreign materials to be deposited upon the
painted surfaces, the painted surfaces shall be
thoroughly cleaned. At the time of opening
structures to public traffic, the painting shall be
completed, and the surfaces shall be undamaged
and clean.

601.6 Galvanizing
601.6.1 General
All the members, components or products
specified to be galvanized in the Drawings, unless

303 | S e c t i o n 6
 Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

otherwise specified, shall be hot-dip galvanized

conforming to the requirements of International
Standards approved by the Engineer. The
procedure of galvanizing shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval.
Applicable International Standards are;
 ASTM A 123 “Standard
Specification for Zinc
(Hot-Dip Galvanized)
Coatings on Iron and
Steel Products”
 ASTM A 153 “Standard
Specification for Zinc
Coating (Hot-Dip) on
Iron and Steel
Hardware”
 ASTM A 53 “Standard
Specification for Pipe,
Steel, Black and Hot-
Dipped, Zinc-Coated,
Welded and Seamless”
 BS EN ISO 1461 “Hot Dip Galvanized
Coatings on Fabricated
Iron and Steel Articles.
Specifications and Test
Methods”
 JIS H 8641 “Hot Dip Galvanized
Coatings”
Others approved by the Engineer

601.6.2 Surface Preparation

Materials to be galvanized shall be thoroughly
cleaned of all scale, dust and dirt by caustic
cleaning, picking and fluxing.

601.6.3 Galvanizing
Materials to be galvanized shall be handled with
care so as to avoid any mechanical damage and to
minimize distortion.
The materials shall be dipped in a galvanizing bath
consisting of not less than 98% pure molten zinc at
suitable galvanizing temperature and shall remain
in the bath until all surfaces are evenly coated with
the coating requirements complying with sub-
clause 601.6.4 of this Specification.

304 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

601.6.4 Coating Requirements

(1) Coating Weights and Thickness
The weight and thickness of the galvanizing
coating shall comply with the relevant
international standards approved by the Engineer.

(2) Surface Finish

The galvanized coating shall be continuous,
adherent, as smooth and evenly distributed as
possible, and free from any defect or
imperfections that is detrimental to usage of the
coated article.

(3) Adhesion
The galvanized coating shall be sufficiently
adherent to withstand normal handling during
transport and erection without peeling or flaking
and light blows with a 0.3 kg hammer shall not
cause the coating to peel adjacent to the area
deformed by hammer blows.

601.6.5 Inspection
Galvanized coating weight or thickness shall be
inspected by using any of the following methods.
 Magnetic thickness gauge
 Stripping and weighing
 Weighing before & after Galvanizing
 Optical Microscopy
 Others
Visual inspection and hammer test shall be carried
out to check the adherent of the galvanized
coating.
Copper sulfate dip test or Preece test for checking
the uniformity of coating may be conducted in
accordance with ASTM A239 or other equivalent
international standards when required by the
Engineer.

601.6.6 Transport and Storage

Galvanized articles, shall, wherever possible, be
transported and stored under dry, well-ventilated
conditions to avoid the possibility of wet storage
staining.
Where required, post-treatment of galvanized

305 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

products such as chromating or phosphating may

be applied to reduce the risk of wet storage
staining or to assist subsequent painting.

601.7 Tests and Standards of Acceptance

The materials shall be tested in accordance with
relevant international standards approved by the
Engineer and necessary test certificates shall be
furnished. Additional tests, if required, shall be
carried out by the Contractor at his own cost.
The fabrication, furnishing, erecting, painting of
Steel Works work shall be in accordance with these
specifications and shall be checked and accepted
by the Engineer.

601.8 Method of Measurement

The measurements of this item shall be in tonnes
based on the net weight of metal in the permanent
structure computed on the basis of nominal
weight of materials.
The weight shall be calculated based on the
dimensions of all the members including splice
plates, gusset plates, stiffeners, etc. shown in the
drawings, deductions being made for all cuts and
holes except for bolt holes.
The weight of rolled, cast steel, forged steel and
cast iron shall be determined from the dimensions
shown on the drawings applying the unit weights
below:
 Steel (rolled, cast, forged steels)
: 7,850 kg/cum
 Cast iron :
7,250 kg/cum
The weight of steel works sections shall be based
on nominal weight per length.
The weight of weld fillets, bolts, nuts, washers and
the weight of protective coatings shall not be
included.
The weight of temporary structures, temporary
fittings and other temporary materials shall be
excluded.
The Contractor shall supply detailed calculation
sheets for the weight of the metal in the fabricated
structure.

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Section 6: Steel Works General Technical Specification

601 (1) Steel Works ton

601.9 Rates
The Contract unit rate for the completed steel
works shall include the costs of all materials, labor,
tools, plant and equipment required for
fabrication, welding, bolting, erection, painting,
temporary assembly, false works, inspection, tests
etc. to complete the work as shown on the
drawings and as specified in these Specifications.

307 | S e c t i o n 6
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

SECTION 7: DRAINAGE ‫ آبرو و گابیون‬:7 ‫بخش‬

Pipe Culverts ‫ پیپ کلورت ها‬701

701.1 Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬701.1
‫ تهداب‬،‫این فعالیت شامل کندنکاری‬
This work shall consist of excavation, gravel ‫ تهیه و نصب پایپ های آهن‬،‫جغلی‬
Poly Vinyl ‫کانکریتی ویا پایپ های پالستیک‬
foundation, furnishing and installing reinforced
‫ تقویت آهن ها و کار های‬،Chloride (PVC)
cement concrete pipes or Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)
‫کانکریت ساختمانی در اطراف پایپ و‬
plastic pipes of the type, reinforcing steel and
.‫پرکاری پس از کارهای کانکریت میباشد‬
structural concrete works surrounding the pipe
and backfilling after concrete works.

701.2 Materials ‫ مواد ها‬701.2

All materials used in the construction of reinforced ‫تمام مواد مورد استفاده برای ساختن‬
concrete pipe culverts shall conform to the ‫پلچک های آهن کانکریت مطابق به‬
requirements as shown on the Drawings. .‫مقتضیات نقشه ها باشد‬
Each consignment of cement concrete pipes shall ‫کانکریت برای پیپ ها‬-‫هر محموله سمنت‬
be inspected, tested, if necessary, and approved by ‫ در صورت ضرورت مورد‬,‫ تست‬,‫مورد بازرسی‬
‫ در ساحه تولید و یا در‬,‫تایید انجنییر‬
the Engineer either at the place of manufacture or
‫ساحه پروژه قبل از استفاده باید قرار‬
at the site before their incorporation in the works.
.‫گیرد‬
Materials for Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) including
‫ به شمول جفت ها و‬PVC ‫مواد برای‬
couplings and fittings shall conform to AASHTO
AASHTO M264 ‫اتصاالت در مطابقت با‬
M264 (ASTM D2680) or AASHTO M278 or AASHTO
AASHTO , AASHTO M278 , (ASTM D2680)
M304 or other equivalent international standards
‫ یا استندرد های بین المللی معادل‬M304
approved by the Engineer.
.‫آن ویا تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
Reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with the
‫ سیخ‬202" ‫سیخ ها باید مطابق به ماده‬
Clause of [202 Reinforcing Steel]”. .‫های تقویت کننده" باشد‬

701.3 Excavation for Pipe ‫ کندن کاری برای پیپ‬701.3

The foundation bed for pipe culverts shall be ‫تهداب ها برای فرش پیپ کلورت ها باید‬
excavated true to the lines and grades shown on ‫مستقیم و به مسیر های داده شده در نقشه‬
the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. The ‫ها و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر کندن کاری‬
pipes shall be placed in shallow excavation of the ‫ پیپ ها در عمق کم در کندن کاری‬.‫گردد‬
natural ground or in open trenches cut in existing ‫ساحه طبیعی یا در گودال های باز گذاشته‬
‫ در‬.‫ به عمق داده شده در نقشه ها‬,‫شود‬
embankments, taken down to levels as shown on
‫صورت موجودیت جان پنا های بلند که‬
the drawings. In case of high embankments where
‫ برابر‬3 ‫ارتفاع پر کاری اضافه تر از‬
the height of fill is more than three times the
‫ اول جان پناه به‬,‫قطر خارجی پیپ باشد‬
external diameter of the pipe, the embankment
‫ارتفاع به اندازه قطر پیپ باال تر از‬
shall first be built to an elevation above the top of
‫ برابر قطر پیپ‬5 ‫پیپ و به عرض اصغری‬
the pipe equal to the external diameter of the ‫ که بعدا یک‬,‫به هر دو طرف برابر گردد‬
pipe, and to width on each side of the pipe of not ‫تراشه کندن کاری شده و پیپ در آن باید‬
less than five times the diameter of pipe, after .‫جابجا گردد‬
which a trench shall be excavated and the pipe ‫و عرض این تراشه به دو طرف پیپ باید‬
shall be laid. ‫ هر‬,‫ ملی و یا یک چهارم قطر پیپ‬150 ‫از‬

308 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

Where trenching is involved, its width on either ‫کدام که کوچکتر باشد بوده و نباید‬
side of the pipe shall be a minimum of 150 mm or .‫سوم قطر پیپ باشد‬-‫اضافه تر از یک‬
one-fourth of the diameter of the pipe whichever ‫کناره های تراشه تا حد امکان باید‬
is more and shall not be more than one-third the .‫عمودی باشد‬
diameter of the pipe. The sides of the trench shall ‫در صورت مساعد بودن تهداب پیپ ها باالی‬
‫ تا حد امکان نصب پیپ‬.‫آن قرار میگیرد‬
be as nearly vertical as possible.
‫ها در زیر پل ها و پلچک های موجوده‬
The pipe shall be placed where the ground for the
‫ در صورتی که در جریان‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
foundation is reasonably firm. Installation of pipes ‫کندک کاری به طبقه نرم یا نا متعادل‬
under existing bridges or culverts shall be avoided ‫ و در صورت عدم موجودیت‬,‫برخورده شود‬
as far as possible. When during excavation the ‫ این‬,‫رهنمود در این مورد در نقشه ها‬
material encountered is soft, spongy or other ‫ عمق و طول که تا به مواد‬,‫مواد به عرض‬
unstable soil, and unless other special ‫ برسد‬,‫ طبق هدایت انجنییر‬,‫قابل قبول‬
construction methods are called for on the ‫ ساحه کندن کاری شده‬.‫کندن کاری شود‬
drawings or in special provisions, such unsuitable ‫باید بعدا توسط مواد تایید شده و جغل‬
material shall be removed to such depth, width .‫دار به ارتفاع داده شده پر کاری گردد‬
and length as directed by the Engineer. The ‫ کندن کاری‬,‫در صورت برخورد با طبقه سنگ‬
excavation shall then be backfilled with approved ‫ ملی متر پایین تر‬200 ‫باید حد اقل به‬
granular material which shall be properly shaped ,‫ با اجازه انجنییر‬,‫از قسمت پایین پیپ‬
and thoroughly compacted up to the specified ‫گردیده و تمام سنگ و جغل از ساحه‬
‫برداشته شده و ساحه توسط مواد قابل‬
level.
‫ پر کاری‬,‫ عاری از توته های سنگ‬,‫قبول‬
Where bed-rock or boulder strata are
.‫گردد و به مقدار معین تپک کاری گردد‬
encountered, excavation shall be taken down to at
‫تراشه تا موقع جابجایی پیپ ها و سفت شدن جاینت ها عاری‬
least 200 mm below the bottom level of the pipe .‫از آب نگهداری گردد‬
with prior permission of the Engineer and all
rock/boulders in this area be removed and the
space filled with approved earth, free from stone
or fragmented material, shaped to the
requirements and thoroughly compacted to
provide adequate support for the pipe.
Trenches shall be kept free from water until the
pipes are installed and the joints have hardened.

701.4 Bedding for Pipe ‫ بستر برای پیپ ها‬701.4

The bedding surface shall provide a firm ‫بستر آماده شده باید هموار با کثافت‬
foundation of uniform density throughout the ‫یکسان در سراسر تهداب پلچک بوده و در‬
length of the culvert, shall conform to the specified ‫مطابقت با ارتفاع و میل داده شده در‬
levels and grade, and shall be of one of the ‫نقشه و دارای یکی از مشخصه های داده‬
following two types as specified on the drawings: .‫شده در نقشه باشد‬

‫ پیپ ها را میتوان‬:‫) بستر جغل دار‬i(

(i) Granular bedding: The pipe shall be evenly
,‫باالی بستر تپک شده مواد جغل دار‬
bedded on a continuous layer of well
‫با داشتن یک مرکز شکل داده شده که‬
compacted approved granular material,
‫ فیصد از کل قسمت بیرونی‬10 ‫حد اقل‬
shaped concentrically to fit the lower part of
‫ قسمی‬,‫پیپ توسط آن پوشش شده باشد‬
the pipe exterior for at least ten percent of ‫ مواد‬.‫که در نقشه نشان داده شده‬
its overall height or as otherwise shown on

309 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

the drawings. The bedding material shall be ‫استفاده شده در بستر مواد متجانس‬
well graded sand or another granular ‫ ملی گذشتانده شده‬5.6 ‫که از غربال‬
material passing 5.6 mm sieve suitably .‫و به صورت مناسب تپک کاری شده باشد‬
compacted/rammed. The compacted ‫طبقه تپک شده برای بستر باید دارای‬
thickness of the bedding layer shall be as ‫ذخامت داده شده در نقشه بوده و در‬
shown on the drawings and in no case shall ‫ ملی‬75 ‫هیچ صورت نباید کمتر از‬
it be less than 75 mm. .‫مترباید باشد‬

‫ در صورت توصیه نقشه‬:‫) بستر کنکریتی‬ii(

(ii) Concrete cradle bedding: When indicated on
‫و هدایت انجنیر بستر برای پپ از‬
the drawings or directed by the Engineer,
15 ‫سی‬-‫کانکریتی که ضعیفتر از گرید‬
the pipe shall be bedded in a cradle
‫ این‬4-‫نباشد در مطابقت با ماده‬
constructed of concrete having a mix not
‫ شکل و‬.‫طرزالعمل قابل اجرا است‬
leaner than Grade C15 conforming to
‫اندازه های بستر کانکریتی در نقشه‬
Section 4 of the Specifications. The shape
‫ پیپ ها قبل‬.‫ها نشان داده شده است‬
and dimensions of the cradle shall be as ‫از سفت شدن کانکریت باید جابجا‬
indicated on the drawings. The pipes shall be .‫گردد‬
laid on the concrete bedding before the
concrete has set.

701.5 Laying of Pipe ‫ جابجایی پیپ‬701.5

No pipe shall be laid in position until the ‫پیپ ها قبل از قبولی و تاییدی تهداب‬
foundation has been approved by the Engineer. ‫ در‬.‫ها توسط انجنییر جابجا نمیگردد‬
Where two or more pipes are to be laid adjacent ‫صورتی که دو یا اضافه تر پیپ در پهلوی‬
to each other, they shall be separated by a distance ‫هم قرار بگیرد باید به فاصله حد اقل‬
equal to at least one third of the diameter of the 50 ‫سوم قطر پیپ که نباید کمتر از‬-‫یک‬
pipe subject to a minimum of 50 mm. .‫ملی باشد گذاشته شوند‬
‫آمادهگی ها برای حمل و نقل و انتقال‬
The arrangement for lifting, loading and unloading
‫پیپ ها به ساحه قسمی باشد که باعث کشش‬
pipes from factory/yard and at site shall be such
‫ساختاری و صدمه در اثر افتادن و‬
that the pipes do not suffer any undue structural
.‫تاثیرات دیگر باالی پیپ نگردد‬
strain, any damage due to fall or impact. ‫جابجایی پیپ ها در بستر باید توسط سه‬
Lowering the pipe in the bed may be carried out ‫پایه و چرخ یا توسط کارگر ها قسمی باشد‬
with tripod-pulley arrangement or simply by ‫که پیپ در جای تعین شده و بدون صدمه‬
manual labor in a manner that the pipe is placed .‫گذاشته شود‬
in the proper position without damage. ‫جابجایی پیپ ها از طرف خروجی به طرف‬
The laying of pipes on the prepared foundation ‫دخولی و به مسیر ها و میل های داده‬
shall start from the outlet and proceed towards ,‫ در صورت کم پهن شدن پیپ ها‬.‫شده باشد‬
the inlet and be completed to the specified lines ‫ پیپ‬.‫این قسمت در باال دست نصب میگردد‬
and grades. In case of use of pipes with bell- ‫ها باید به هم پیوسطه و آراسته بوده‬
mouth, the belled end shall face upstream. The ‫تا در موقع که جابجا میگردند باعث‬
.‫ایجاد یک پلچک با جریان منظم گردد‬
pipes shall be fitted and matched so that when laid
‫پیپ های تخریب شده در جریان جابجایی به مصرف قرار تبدیل‬
in work they form a culvert with a smooth uniform
.‫میگردد‬
invert.
Any pipe found defective or damaged during laying
shall be removed at the cost of the Contractor.

310 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

701.6 Jointing ‫ بندکشی‬701.6

The concrete pipes shall be jointed either by collar ‫پیپ های کانکریتی توسط حلقه یا همتراز‬
joint or by flush joint. In the former case, the ‫ حلقه ها‬.‫سازی به هم باید پیوسط گردد‬
collars shall be of reinforced or plain cement ‫باید ازجنس کانکریت سیخ دار با گرید‬
concrete of Grade not less than C15 or otherwise .‫ و یا طبق نقشه ها باشد‬15-‫حد اقل سی‬
indicated in the Drawings. Dimensions of the ‫اندازه های حلقه ها باید مطابق به نقشه‬
collars shall be as shown on the Drawings or ‫ مواد برای‬.‫ها و یا هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
‫پر کاری درز ها باید از مکس سمنت و‬
directed by the Engineer. Caulking material shall
.‫ با بطانه آهن باشد‬1:2 ‫ریگ به نسبت‬
be slightly wet mix of cement and sand in the ratio
‫ حلقه ها قسمی جابجا‬,‫قبل از درز بندی‬
of 1:2 rammed with caulking irons. Before
‫گردد که مرکز آنها در نقطه جاینت بوده‬
caulking, the collar shall be so placed that its
‫و حتی یک فاصله حلقوی در بین حلقه و‬
center coincides with the joint and an even .‫پیپ باقی مانده باشد‬
annular space is left between the collar and the ‫همتراز سازی به دو شکل داخلی و خارجی‬
pipe. ‫ در هر دو حالت پیپ ها به شکل‬.‫میباشد‬
Flush joint may be internal flush joint or external ‫خاصی ترتیب گردیده تا به خودی خود قالب‬
flush joint. In either case, the ends of the pipes .‫ ملی بگیرد‬13 ‫جاینت را در عرض بندکشی‬
shall be specially shaped to form a self-centering ‫ سمنت‬1 ,‫فاصله بین جاینت با مساله سمنت‬
joint with a jointing space 13 mm wide. The ,‫ که به اندازه کافی خشک باشد‬,‫ ریگ‬2 ‫و‬
jointing space shall be filled with cement mortar, 1 ‫تا در موقع فشار بر طرف نگردد پر کاری‬
cement to 2 sand, mixed sufficiently dry to remain ‫ کوشش شود تا تمام سوراخ ها پر‬.‫شود‬
in position when forced with a trowel or rammer. ‫کاری گردیده و مصاله اضافی برطرف‬
Care shall be taken to fill all voids and excess .‫گردد‬
mortar shall be removed. ‫برای پیوسط پیپ ها توسط فشار ضعیف‬
For jointing pipe lines under light hydraulic ‫ فرورفتگی ها توسط چوت های‬,‫هایدرولیکی‬
‫غوطه ور شده در قیر و یا دیگر مواد‬
pressure, the recess at the end of the pipe shall be
‫پیپ ها قسمی وصل‬.‫مناسب پر کاری گردد‬
filled with jute braiding dipped in hot bitumen or
‫گردد تا قیر یک حلقه پیپ در فرورفتگی‬
other suitable approved compound. Pipes shall be
.‫حلقه پیپ دیگر قرار گیرد‬
so jointed that the bitumen ring of one pipe shall ‫حلقه باید به صورت درست توسط جک کاری‬
set into the recess of the next pipe. The ring shall ‫ تمام‬.‫یا طریقه مناسب دیگر فشرده گردد‬
be thoroughly compressed by jacking or by any ‫جاینت ها به صورت دقیق ساخته شده تا‬
other suitable method. ‫قسمت داخلی آن ها صیقلی و همسان با‬
All joints shall be made with care so that their ‫ بعد از تکمیلی جاینت‬.‫راخل پیپ باشد‬
interior surface is smooth and consistent with the ‫باید پوشش گردیده و نمدار برای حد اقل‬
interior surface of the pipes. After finishing, the .‫ روز نگهداری گردد‬4
joint shall be kept covered and damp for at least ‫ به صورت بست‬PVC ‫جاینت های پیپ های‬
four days. .‫ روکش یا بهم چسپانده باشد‬,‫لوله ای‬
The joints for PVC pipes shall be of sockets, sleeves ‫اتصاالت تولید شده از قبیل غواص ها و‬
or coupler as appropriate. Fabricated fittings such ‫ بوده و در ساحه‬PVC ‫ذانو خم ها برای‬
as bends and elbows shall be used for PVC pipes .‫قبل استفاده نمیباشد‬
and bending at site is not permissible.

701.7 Backfilling ‫ پرکاری‬701.7

Trenches shall be backfilled immediately after the ‫تراشه ها باید بعد از جابجایی پیپ ها‬

311 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

pipes have been laid and the jointing material has ‫و سفت شدن جاینت ها به صورت آنی پر‬
hardened. The backfill soil shall be clean, free from ,‫ خاک برای پرکاری باید پاک‬.‫کاری گردد‬
boulders, large roots, excessive amounts of sods or ‫ مقدار‬,‫ ریشه های کالن‬,‫عاری از سنگ کالن‬
other vegetable matter, and lumps and shall be ‫اضافی نباتات و کلوخه ها بوده و باید‬
approved by the Engineer. Backfilling up to 300 ‫ پر کاری تا‬.‫تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
mm above the top of the pipe shall be carefully ‫ ملی باالی پیپ به صورت دقیق‬300 ‫به حدود‬
done and the soil thoroughly rammed, tamped or ‫ ملی انداخته و‬150 ‫به طبقات کمتر از‬
‫ مواد قسمت های عقبی‬,‫تپک کاری گردد‬
vibrated in layers not exceeding 150 mm,
‫پیپ ها باید به صورت دقیق و درست‬
particular care being taken to thoroughly
‫ به منظور تپک کاری باید‬.‫استحکام گردد‬
consolidate the materials under the haunches of
‫از ماشین آالت تایید شده استفاده صورت‬
the pipe. Approved pneumatic or light mechanical .‫گیرد‬
tamping equipment can be used. ‫پر کاری در هر دو طرف پیپ به صورت هم‬
Filling of the trench shall be carried out ‫زمان آغاز گردد تا باعث ایجاد فشار در‬
simultaneously on both sides of the pipe in such a .‫یکطرف آن نگردد‬
manner that unequal pressures do not occur. ‫ بعد‬,‫در صورت موجودیت پشته های بلند‬
In case of high embankment, after filling the ‫از پر کاری تراشه تا به باالی پیپ طبق‬
trench up to the top of the pipe in the above said ‫ یک طبقه به ذخامت یک قطر‬,‫رهنمود باال‬
manner, a loose fill of a depth equal to external ‫خارجی پیپ باالی پیپ انداخته شده و بعدا‬
diameter of the pipe shall be placed over the pipe .‫طبقات بعدی گذاشته و تپک میگردند‬
before further layers are added and compacted.

701.8 Headwalls and other Ancillary Works ‫ دیوار باال دست و کار های فرعی‬701.8
Headwalls, wing walls, aprons and other ancillary ‫ محوطه‬,‫ دیوار های جناحی‬,‫دیار باالدست‬
works shall be constructed in accordance with the ‫و سایر کار های فرعی باید در مطابقت‬
details shown on the Drawings or as directed by ‫با نقشه ها و یا هدایت انجنییر ساخته‬
the Engineer. Concrete works and masonry works ‫ کار های کانکریت ریزی و بنایی‬.‫شود‬
shall conform to Section 4 and Section 5 .‫ باشد‬5 ‫ و‬4 -‫باید در مطابقت با بخش‬
respectively.

701.9 Opening to Traffic ‫ گشایش به روی ترافیک‬701.9

No traffic shall be permitted to cross the pipe line ‫در صورتی که ارتفاع پر کاری باالی پیپ‬
unless height of filling above the top of the pipe ‫ ملی باشد برای عبور و‬600 ‫ها کمتر از‬
line is at least 600 mm. .‫مرور ترافیک باالی اجازه نیست‬

701.10 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬701.10

Pipe culverts shall be measured along their center ‫پیپ کلورت ها در مسیر خط مرکزی در بین‬
between the inlet and outlet ends in linear meters. ‫دخولی و خروجی پیپ ها به متر خطی‬
Selected granular material and cement concrete .‫اندازه می گردد‬
cradles for pipe bedding, when items are ‫بستر کانکریتی جغل دار مطلوب برای‬
separately given in the Bill of Quantities (BOQ), ‫ در صورتی که بخش های آن به صورت‬,‫پیپ‬
shall be measured as laid in cubic meters. In case ‫ به متر‬,‫ داده شده باشد‬BOQ ‫جداگانه در‬
‫ در صورتی که‬.‫مکعب اندازه گیری گردد‬
the items are not given in the BOQ, it shall be
,‫ ذکر نشده باشد‬BOQ ‫اجزای ذکر شده در‬
deemed to be included in the unit rate for pipe
‫نرخ آن شامل نرخ فی واحد جنس درج در‬
culvert.
.‫قرار داد برای پیپ کلورت میگردد‬

312 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

Ancillary works like headwalls, aprons, etc., shall ,‫کار های فرعی مثل دیوار های باال دست‬
be measured as provided for under the respective ‫محوطه و غیره در قسمت مربوطه به آن‬
sections. .‫ذکر گردیده است‬

701 (1)a RCC pipe culvert (φ600mm) lin.m

701 (1)b RCC pipe culvert (φ1000mm) lin.m
701 (2) PVC pipe culvert φ400mm lin.m

701.11 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬701.11

The Contract unit rate for the pipe culvert shall ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
include all necessary works for installing pipe ‫برای پیپ شامل کار ها برای نصب پیپ‬
culvert, such as the cost of pipes, gravel ,‫ تهداب جغلی‬,‫ قیمت پیپ ها‬,‫کلورت‬
foundation ,structural concrete including ,‫ پر کاری‬,‫ کندن کاری‬,‫کانکریت سیخ دار‬
reinforcing steel, excavation, backfilling, loading, ‫ ذخیره‬,‫ انتقال‬,‫ تحرک مواد‬,‫حمل و نقل‬
‫ جاینتنگ و کانکریت‬,‫ جابجایی‬,‫سازی‬
unloading, hauling, handling, storing, laying in
‫تقویت شده توسط سیخ و تمام قیمت های‬
position, jointing complete and embedded
‫ضروری برای تکمیلی کار در مطابقت با‬
reinforced concrete and all incidental costs to
.‫طرزالعمل هذا‬
complete the work as per these specifications.

702 Concrete Ditches, Manholes and Catch ‫ من هول و ساحه‬,‫ آبرو کانکریتی‬702
‫آبگیر‬
Basins
702.1 Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬702.1

The work shall consist of the construction, ‫ ترمیم یا‬,‫این کار شامل ساخت و ساز‬
reconstruction or adjustment of concrete ditches, ‫ من هول ها و‬,‫تنظیم آبرو های کانکریتی‬
‫آبگیر ها در مطابقت با این طرزالعمل‬
manholes and catch basins in accordance with
‫در تفاهم با اندازه ها و داده های نقشه‬
these Specifications and in reasonably close .‫ها و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر میباشد‬
conformity with the lines and grades shown in the
Drawings or as instructed by the Engineer.

702.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬702.2

All the materials for concrete works shall comply ‫تمام برای کار کانکریت باید در مطابقت‬
with requirements specified in Section 4 “Concrete ‫ (کار‬4-‫به مقتضیات تعین شده در بخش‬
Works” of the Specifications. .‫کانکریت ریزی) این طرزالعمل باشد‬
Unless otherwise indicated in the drawings, joint ,‫مگر اینکه در نقشه نشان داده شده باشد‬
mortar shall be composed of one part Portland ‫مصاله برای جاینت ها از یک قسمت سمنت‬
cement and two parts fine aggregate by volume to ‫و دو قسمت جغل پودری از لحاظ حجمی‬
which hydrated lime has been added in an amount ‫ فیصد‬10 ‫تشکیل گردیده و در به مقدار‬
‫نظر به وزن سمنت آهک هایدریت شده اظافه‬
equal to 10 percent of the cement by weight. All
‫ تمام مواد برای مصاله کاری باید‬.‫گردد‬
materials for mortar shall meet the requirements
.‫ باشد‬4-‫در مطابقت با مقتضیات بخش‬
of Section 4.
,‫فلرات مورد استفاده برای چوکات ها‬
Metals for frames, gratings, covers and ladder
‫ پوشش ها و پله های زینه باید‬,‫پنجره ها‬
rungs shall conform to the dimensions in the ‫به اندازه های داده شده در نقشه ها و‬
drawings and to the following specification ‫مطابق به مقتضیات داده شده طرزالعمل‬

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Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

requirements for the designated materials. .‫برای مواد متذکره به شرح ذیل باشد‬
Galvanization for metal frames and gratings shall ‫کار گلونایز نمودن چوکات فلزی و پنجره‬
be in accordance with Clause 601.6 of these ‫ این‬601.6 ‫ها باید در مطابقت با ماده‬
Specifications. .‫طرزالعمل باشد‬
Metal gratings and covers which are to rest on ‫پنجره ها و پوشش های فلزی که وزن آنها‬
frames shall bear on them evenly. They shall be ‫باالی چوکات ها می آید چوکات ها باید‬
.‫ظرفیت برداشت وزن آن ها را داشته باشد‬
assembled before shipment and so marked that
‫آن ها باید قبل از انتقال بسته بندی‬
the same pieces may be reassembled readily in the
‫شده و قسمی عالمه گذاری گردد تا پارچه‬
same position when installed. Inaccuracy of
‫های آن به سهولت دوباره قابل بسته بندی‬
bearings shall be corrected by machining, if ‫ عدم دقت در تکیه گاه ها در موقع‬.‫باشد‬
necessary. A frame and a grating or cover to be ‫ اگر یک‬.‫گردد‬ ‫ضرورت توسط ماشین درست‬
used with it shall constitute one pair. ‫پنجره یا پوشش که با چوکات استفاده‬
All castings shall be uniformly coated with asphalt- .‫میگردد به قسم یک ترکیب محسوب میگردد‬
base emulsion meeting the requirements of ASTM ‫تمام فلزات ریخت شده توسط محلولی از‬
D 1187, Asphalt-base Emulsion for use as ‫ برای پوشش‬ASTM D 1187 ‫قیر مطابق به‬
Protective Coating for Metal. .‫محافظتی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد‬
- Gray iron casting: AASHTO M 105 ‫در جریان ریخت یک واحد از اجزا نمونه‬
- Steel Castings, Carbon, AASHTO M 103 ‫گرفته شده و به شکل جدا گانه ریخت شده‬
for General Application: ‫تا با مواد پیشنهاد شده مورد مقایسه‬
.‫قرار گیرد‬
- Zinc (Hot-Dip AASHTO M 111
- Gray iron casting: AASHTO M 105
Galvanized) Coatings on
- Steel Castings, Carbon, AASHTO M 103
Iron and Steel Products:
for General Application:
- Reinforcing steel: AASHTO M 31
- Zinc (Hot-Dip AASHTO M 111
- Drainage, Sewer, Utility, ASSHTO M306
Galvanized) Coatings on
and Related Castings:
Iron and Steel Products:
Samples of the material in casting shall be taken
- Reinforcing steel: AASHTO M 31
during the casting of the units and shall be
- Drainage, Sewer, Utility, ASSHTO M306
separate casting poured from the same material as
the casting they represent. and Related Castings:
‫واحد های کانکریتی از پیش یاخته شده‬
Pre-cast concrete units shall be cast in substantial
‫باید در قالب های آهنی با کیفیت عالی‬
permanent steel forms. Structural concrete used
‫ کانکریت ساختمانی آن‬.‫ریخت شده باشد‬
shall be of the grade specified in the Drawings
‫باید مطابق ظرفیت داده شده در نقشه ها‬
which shall in no case less than a minimum 28-day ‫ در‬18 MPa ‫بوده و در هیچ صورت کمتر از‬
compressive strength of 18 MPa. Water absorption ‫ قابلیت جذب آب هسته های‬.‫ روز نباشد‬28
of individual cores taken from such units shall not ‫گرفته شده از هر کدام از واحد ها نباید‬
exceed 7 percent. Additional reinforcement shall ‫ در صورت لزوم‬.‫ فیصد باشد‬7 ‫اضافه تر از‬
be provided as necessary to provide for handling ‫و نقل‬ ‫سیخ های اضافی به منظور حمل‬
of the pre-cast units. ‫واحد های از پیش ساخته شده کانکریت در‬
A sufficient number of cylinders shall be cast from .‫نظر گرفته شود‬
the concrete for each unit permit compression 28 ‫ و‬14 ,7 ‫به منظور تست های فشاری در‬
tests at 7 and 28 days, and to allow for at least 3 ‫ نمونه برای هر دوره ذکر‬3 ‫روزه حد اقل‬
cylinders for each test. ‫ شکاف ها در‬.‫شده از کانکریت گرفته شود‬
‫ سوراخ سوراخ شدن یا تیکه های‬,‫واحد ها‬
Cracks in units, honeycombed or patched areas in
‫ قابلیت‬,‫ ملی متر مربع‬2000 ‫اضافه تر از‬
excess of 2,000 square millimeters, excessive
‫جذب آب بیشتر و ناکامی تست های فشاری‬
water absorption and failure to meet strength

314 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

requirements shall be the causes for rejection. ‫در مقابل وزن دلخواه باعث رد مواد‬
Precast reinforced concrete manhole risers and ‫ کانکریت از پیش ریخت شده برای‬.‫میگردد‬
tops, if not indicated in the Drawings, shall ‫ اگر‬,‫دیوار ها و قسمت باالیی من هول ها‬
conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 199 or ‫ باید در مطابقت‬,‫در نقشه ها مشخص نباشد‬
otherwise approved by the Engineer. ‫ و یا طبق‬AASHTO M 199 ‫با مقتضیات‬
.‫هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
The plants shall be inspected periodically for
‫دستگاه های تولید کانکریت به صورت‬
compliance with specified manufacturing
‫متناوب برای تطابق با میتود های تعین‬
methods, and material samples shall be obtained ‫شده برای تولید مورد بازرسی قرار‬
for laboratory testing for compliance with material ‫ و نمونه های مواد برای تست‬,‫میگیرد‬
quality requirements. This may be the basis for ‫های البراطواری به منظور تطابق با‬
acceptance of manufacturing lots as the quality. ‫ که این به‬.‫مقتضیات مواد گرفته میشود‬
All materials shall subject to inspection for .‫منظور قبولی کیفیت مواد میباشد‬
acceptance as to condition at the latest practicable ‫تمام مواد مورد بازرسی انجنییر قبل و‬
time the Engineer has the opportunity to check for ‫یا در جریان استفاده در ساحه قرار‬
compliance prior to or during incorporation of ‫گرفته و در صورت منظوری مورد قبولی‬
materials into the work. .‫انجنییر قرار میگیرد‬

702.3 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬702.3

Excavation and backfill shall be carried out in -‫کندن کاری و پر کاری در مطابقت با بخش‬
accordance with Section 1 “Earthworks”. .‫ (کار های خاکی) باشد‬1
Concrete construction shall conform to the ‫کار کانکریت ریزی باید در مطابقت با‬
requirements specified in Section 4 “Concrete ‫ "کار‬4-‫مقتضیات ذکر شده در بخش‬
Works”. .‫کانکریت" باشد‬
Expansion joints shall be provided for long ‫جاینت های انبساطی برای آبرو های‬
concrete ditches at spacing not greater than 20m ‫ متر و یا کمتر‬20 ‫کانکریتی در فاصله‬
unless otherwise shown in the Drawings. ‫از آن و یا طبق هدایت نقشه ها مهیا‬
‫ جاینت های انبساطی با محلولی از‬.‫گردد‬
Expansion joints shall be filled with bituminous
AASHTO M ‫قیر برای جاینت ها نظر به‬
preformed expansion joint filler AASHTO M 33
‫ یا استندرد های بین‬33 (ASTM D 994)
(ASTM D 994) or other equivalent international
‫المللی تایید شده انجنییر که معادل‬
standards approved by the Engineer of not less
‫ ملی متر و یا اضافه‬10 ‫آن باشد به عمق‬
than 10mm thick or otherwise specified in the
‫ مگر اینکه عمق آن در نقشه ها و‬,‫تر‬
drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
.‫ انداخته شود‬,‫طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
Pre-cast concrete covers for ditches, manholes ‫کانکریت از پیش ریخت شده برای پوشش‬
and catch basins shall be placed firmly and neatly. ‫ من هول ها و آبگیر ها به صورت‬,‫آبرو ها‬
Top of the cover shall flush with the ‫ قسمت باالیی‬.‫درست و مناسب نصب گردد‬
road/footpath/ground surface as shown in the ‫این پوشش ها باید با سطح های همجوار‬
drawings. .‫آن مطابق به نقشه ها هم سطح باشد‬
Metal frames shall be set in full mortar bed. ‫چوکات های فلزی باالی سطح کاملۀ مصاله‬
Pipe sections shall be flushed on the inside face .‫دار نصب گردد‬
of the structure wall and projected outside ‫مقاطع پیپ به روی داخل ساختمان همتراز‬
sufficiently for proper connection with next pipe ‫شده و پیش آمدگی آن به طرف بیرون باشد‬
section. Masonry shall fit neatly and tightly ‫ کار‬.‫تا به پیپ بعدی به خوبی وصل گردد‬
‫بنایی در اطراف پیپ به صورت محکم و‬
around the pipe.
.‫آراسته باشد‬
When grade adjustment or existing structures is

315 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

specified, the frames, covers and gratings shall be ‫در موقع که تنظیم شیب و یا ساختمان‬
removed and the walls reconstructed as required. ‫ پوشش ها‬,‫ چوکات ها‬,‫موجوده تایین گردد‬
The cleaned frames shall be rest at the required ‫و پنجره برداشته شده و دیوار ها به‬
elevation. Upon completion, each structure shall ‫ پنجره های‬.‫شکل تعین شده ساخته میشود‬
be cleaned of any accumulations of silt, debris, or ‫پاک شده در ارتفاع داده شده نصب‬
‫ هر اسکلیت از‬,‫ بعد از تکمیلی‬.‫میگردد‬
foreign matter of any kind and shall be kept clear
‫ خاک و سایر مواد‬,‫تمام مواد اجنبی‬
of such accumulation until final acceptance of the
‫اضافی پاک کاری گردیده و تا به موقع‬
work. .‫تسلیمی و قبولی به همین حالت حفظ گردد‬

702.4 Steel Grating Covers for Drainage Ditches ‫ پوشش های فوالدی آبرو ها‬702.4
702.4.1 Scope ‫ هدف‬702.4.1
This work shall cover furnishing, fabricating, ‫ گلونایز‬,‫ تولید‬,‫این کار شامل اثاثیه‬
galvanizing, transporting, and installation of steel ‫ حمل و نقل و نصب پنجره های فوالدی‬,‫کاری‬
‫برای پوشش آبرو ها شامل نگهدارنده در‬
gratings covers for drainage ditch cover including
‫برابر دزدی برای پوشش در مطابقت با‬
anti-theft cable lock/chain lock devices in
.‫نقشه ها و طرزالعمل هذا میباشد‬
conformity with the Drawings and these
Specifications or as directed by the Engineer.

702.4.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬702.4.2

All the materials including welding consumables ‫تمام مواد به شمول مواد ولدنگ باید‬
shall be conformed to those indicated in the ‫مطابق به نقشه ها و یا سایر استندرد‬
drawings or the relevant international standards ‫های مرتبط که تایید شده انجنییر است‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫باشد‬
International Standards :‫استندرد های بین المللی‬
- AASHTO : American Association of : American Association of AASHTO -
State Highway and Transportation Officials
State Highway and Transportation
: American Institute of Steel AISC -
Officials
Construction
- AISC : American Institute of Steel
: American National ANSI -
Construction
Standard Institute
- ANSI : American National Standard : American Society of ASME -
Institute Mechanical Engineers
- ASME : American Society of Mechanical : American Society for Tests ASTM -
Engineers and Materials
- ASTM : American Society for Tests and : American Welding Society AWS -
Materials : British Standards BS -
- AWS : American Welding Society : International Standards ISO -
- BS : British Standards Organization
- ISO : International Standards : Japan Industrial Standards JIS -
Organization
- JIS : Japan Industrial Standards
- The followings are the requirement of JIS
G 3106: 2008 “Rolled steels for welded

316 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

structure” for reference.

Table-1: Chemical Contents

Elements (%)

Phosphorus
Manganese
Steel Type

Carbon

Silicon

Sulfur
(Mn)
(Si)
(C)

(P)

(S)
Not
Not Not
Not less
more more
more than
A than than
than - 2.5
0.03 0.03
0.23 times
5 5
C

Not Not
SM Not Not
more more
400 more more 0.60 to
than than
B than than 1.40
0.03 0.03
0.20 0.35
5 5

Not Not
Not Not Not
more more
more more more
than than
C than than than
0.03 0.03
0.18 0.35 1.40
5 5

Table-2: Mechanical Requirement

Charpy
Tensile Test Impact (v-
notch) Test

Yield
Elongatio

Charpy Absorbed Energy (kgf･m)

Strength
Tensile Strength (kgf/mm2)

(kgf/mm2)
Steel Grade

Steel Type

Thickness
(mm)
Thickness (mm)

t 16 t
(%)

≦ <t >
1 ≦ 4
6 40
0

317 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

t
≦
5
5
4 <
-
1 t Min. 23
A Min.
SM400

- ≦ Min. 18
25

24
22

B 2.8
5 1 Min. 22
C Min.
2 6
4.8
t
>
1
6

All the materials shall be free from cracks, flaws, ,‫ نواقص‬,‫تمام مواد باید از شکاف ها‬
injurious seams, laps, blisters, ragged and ‫ نا‬,‫ جوش دار بودن‬,‫ دو الیه بودن‬,‫صدمه‬
imperfect edges and other defects. It shall have a ‫هموار و کناره های ناقص و دیگر نواقص‬
smooth and uniform finish and shall be ‫ باید به شکل صیقلی و یکسان‬.‫عاری باشد‬
straightened in the mill before shipment. They ‫تکمیل گردیده و قبل از انتقال در‬
‫ و‬.‫فابریکه باید مستقیم و راست باشید‬
shall also be free from loose mill scale, rust, pits or
‫همچنان آن ها باید عاری از هر نوع‬
other defects affecting its strength and durability.
‫ حفره‬,‫ خاک‬,‫مقیاس های بی ربط فابریکه‬
Cable lock/chain lock shall be of galvanized steel
‫ها یا دیگر نواقص که مقاومت و دوام آن‬
long enough for opening the grating cover for .‫ها را متاثر میسازد باشد‬
maintenance without unlocking.
‫زنجیر باید گلونایز شده به‬/‫کیبل قفل‬
Concrete anchor of the size indicated in the
‫طول کافی بوده تا در موقع حفظ و مراقبت‬
Drawings shall be of lag shield anchor,
.‫بدون باز نمودن قفل انجام شود‬
wedge/sleeve anchor, strike anchor, drop-in
anchor, chemical anchor, or any other anchor ‫آنکر کانکریتی به اندازه داده شده در‬
system approved by the Engineer. Nuts and ‫نقشه ها باید از جنس آنکور محافظتی‬
,‫ آنکر ضربتی‬,‫غالفی‬/‫ آنکر مثلثی‬,‫عقبی‬
washers, where necessary, shall be compatible
‫ یا‬,‫ آنکر کیمیاوی‬,‫آنکر داخل برنده‬
with the concrete anchor.
‫کدام سیستم دیگر آنکر که تایید شده‬
The Contractor shall submit the material
‫ در‬,‫ نت ها و واشل ها‬.‫انجنییر باشد‬
certificates with necessary information such as the ‫ مطابق به آنکر های‬,‫موقع ضرورت‬
source of the materials, Certificate sheets, test ‫باید‬ ‫قراردادی‬ .‫باشد‬ ‫کانکریتی‬
results, etc. to the Engineer for approval. ‫سرتیفیکیت مواد و معلومات مورد نیاز‬
The Contractor shall submit the samples of the ‫ فابریکه تولید‬,‫از قبیل منبع مواد‬
cable lock/chain lock and concrete anchor with ‫ نتیجه تست ها و غیره را‬,‫اوراق فلزی‬
necessary information including the name of the .‫به تاییدی انجنییر ارسال بدارد‬
vendor, technical specification and data, etc. to ‫قراردادی در صورت درخواست انجنییر‬
the Engineer for approval. ‫کاپی های بخش های استندرد های بین‬
The Contractor shall submit the copies of the .‫المللی را تهیه نماید‬
relevant part of the international standards when
requested by the Engineer.

702.4.3 Fabrication ‫ تولید‬702.4.3

(1) General ‫) عمومیات‬1(

318 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

All the works for fabrication of grating covers and ‫تمام فعالیت ها برای تولید پنجره ها و‬
anti-theft devices shall be in accordance with the ‫لوازم زد سرقت برای آن ها باید در‬
Drawings and as per these Specifications with care ‫مطابقت با نقشه ها و طرزالعمل هذا باشد‬
being taken that all parts of an assembly fit ‫و باید در نظر داشت تا تمام وسایل به‬
accurately together. ‫ نمونه‬.‫همدیگر همخوانی داشته باشند‬
‫ رهنمود ها که به منظور تامین دقت‬,‫ها‬
Templates, jigs and other appliances used for
‫در کار مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد باید‬
ensuring the accuracy of the work shall be of mild
‫از جنس فوالد نرم شده یا در صورت نیاز‬
steel or where specially required, these shall be ‫ تمام‬.‫از فوالد سخت ای پوش شده باشد‬
bushed with hard steel. All measurements shall be ‫اندازه ها توسط متر فوالدی و یا دیگر‬
made by means of steel tape or other device .‫وسایل عیار شده صورت گیرد‬
properly calibrated. ‫تمام اعضای ساختمان فوالدی و اجزای آن‬
All structural steel members and parts shall have ‫باید دارای کناره های راست و سطح رک‬
straight edges and blunt surfaces. If necessary, ‫ آن ها باید راست‬,‫ در صورت ضرورت‬.‫باشد‬
they shall be straightened or flattened by pressure ‫یا هموار شده توسط فشار بوده مگر اینکه‬
unless they are required to be of curvilinear forms. ‫ و باید عاری‬.‫شکل قوصی خواسته شده باشد‬
They shall also be free from twist. Pressure applied ‫ فشاری که به منظور‬.‫از پیچیدگی باشد‬
for straightening or flattening shall be such as ‫راست نمودن و هموار نمودن استفاده‬
‫میگردد باعث صدمه رساندن به مواد‬
would not injure the materials. Hammering shall
‫ استفاده از چکش مگر با اجازه‬.‫نگردد‬
not be permitted unless accepted by the Engineer.
‫ سطوح و‬.‫انجنییر قابل استفاده نمیباشد‬
Adjacent surfaces or edges shall be in close
‫کناره های نزدیک به ساحه در تماس نزدیک‬
contact or at uniform distance throughout. .‫و یا فاصله یکسان باشد‬
The contractor shall submit his program of work to ‫قراردادی پروگرام کاری خویش را برای‬
the Engineer for his approval at least 14 days ‫ روز قبل‬14 ‫تاییدی به انجنییر حد اقل‬
before the commencement of fabrication. This ‫ این‬.‫از شروع تولید تسلیم نماید‬
program shall include the proposed system of ‫پروگرام شامل سیستم پیشنهادی برای‬
identification and installation marks together with ‫تشخیص و نصب عالیم یکجا با شرح مکمل‬
complete details of fabrication including welding ‫تولید به شمول طریقه وولدنگ و گلونایز‬
and galvanizing procedures and inspection .‫سازی و طریقه بازرسی میباشد‬
methodology. ‫قراردادی مکلف به تهیه نقشه های کاری‬
The contractor shall prepare shop drawings for ‫برای تولید هرعضو سیستم بوده و آنرا‬
fabricating any member and submit to the ‫برای تاییدی به انجنییر قبل از آغاز‬
Engineer for approval before the start of the work. ‫ معلومات مکمل در‬.‫کار تسیلیم نماید‬
‫ اندازه و حدود‬,‫ نوعیت‬,‫مورد موقعیت‬
Complete information regarding the location,
‫وولدنگ ها و بست ها باید به صورت واضح‬
type, size and extent of all welds and fasteners
.‫در نقشه های کاری نشان داده شده باشد‬
shall be clearly shown on the shop drawings.
‫آماده سازی کنج ها و انجام ها‬ )2(
(2) Preparation of Edges and Ends
‫ در‬,‫تمام اعضای فوالد های ساختمانی‬
All structural steel-parts, where required, shall be ‫ آراسته‬,‫ باید قیچی شده‬,‫صورت ضرورت‬
sheared, cropped, sawn or flame cut and ground ‫ اره شده یا توسط آتش قطع شده و‬,‫شده‬
accurately to the required dimension and shape. ‫به زمین دفن شده به اندازه و شکل مورد‬
Markings shall be provided accurately on the ‫ قبل از قطع نمودن تمام مواد‬.‫نیاز باشد‬
materials to be cut as required. .‫باید به شکل دقیق خط اندازی شده باشد‬
Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer, ‫مگر اینکه توسط انجنییر تایید شده‬
‫انجام باید به یکی از اشکال‬/‫ کنج‬,‫باشد‬
end/edge planing and cutting shall be done by any
:‫ذیل قطع کاری گردد‬
one of the following prescribed methods or left as
‫ توسط‬,‫ اره‬,‫ آراستن‬,‫قیچی کاری‬ )a

319 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

rolled: ‫ قطع کاری حرارتی توسط ماسین‬,‫ماشین‬

a) Shearing, cropping, sawing, machining, ‫قطع کاری با حرارت توسط آالت دستی‬ )b
machine flame cutting. ‫با صیقل نمودن و تراشیدن عاجل کنج ها‬
b) Hand flame cutting with subsequent
grinding to a smooth edge. ‫کنج های قیچی شده پلیت های که‬ )c
c) Sheared edges of plate not more than 16 ‫ ملی متر ذخامت نداشته‬16 ‫اظافه تر از‬
‫باشند با تعقیب تراشیدن و صیقل نمودن‬
mm thick with subsequent grinding to
‫طول آن‬
smooth profile.
The cut edges shall be ground or machined where ‫کنج های قطع شده باید در زمین گذاشته‬
necessary to obtain smooth surface and regular ‫شده و یا توسط ماشین به منظور به دست‬
without notches. Manual frame cutting shall be ‫آوردن سطح صیقلی و بدون دندانه ها صاف‬
‫ از قطع کاری توسط دست باید‬.‫کاری گردد‬
avoided unless permitted by the Engineer only
‫جلوگیری گردد مگر اینکه طبق هدایت‬
where machine cutting is not practicable.
‫انجنییر بوده و ساحه توسط ماشین غیر‬
(3) Preparation of Holes
.‫قابل دسترس باشد‬
Holes shall be either punched or drilled. Unless
‫آماده سازی سوراخ ها‬ )3(
otherwise indicated in the Drawings or instructed
.‫سوراخ ها باید منگنه یا برمه گردد‬
by the Engineer, the diameter of holes shall be 1.5
‫مگر اینکه در نقشه نشان داده شده یا‬
mm larger for bolts/rivets and alike of diameter ‫ قطر سوراخ ها‬,‫هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
less than 25 mm and 2.0 mm for that more than or ‫پرچ‬/‫ ملی متر بزرگتر برای بولت‬1.5 ‫باید‬
equal to 25 mm. ‫ ملی‬25 ‫و همانند آن برای قطر کمتر از‬
(4) Welding
‫ ملی و یا اظافه تر از‬25 ‫ ملی برای‬2 ‫و‬
All the welding works shall be carried out only by .‫آن باشد‬
the qualified welders who have been certified by
authorized organization as applicable. The ‫وولدنگ‬ )4(
Contractor shall submit the welder’s certification ‫تمام کار های وولدنگ کاری تنها توسط‬
and CV (curriculum vitae or resume) to the ‫ که قابل دسترس‬,‫وولدنگ کار های ماهر‬
Engineer for approval. ‫ که تایید شده ارگان های‬,‫میباشد‬
The welding procedures for fabrication in the shop .‫میباشد‬ ‫اجرا‬ ‫قابل‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫مربوطه‬
including edge preparation shall be submitted for ‫قراردادی مکلف است تا سرتیفیکیت و خلص‬
the approval of the Engineer before commencing ‫صوانح وولدنگ کار ها را به تاییدی‬
.‫انجنییر تسلیم نماید‬
fabrication and shall also be as per details shown
on the drawings. Any deviation from the above has ‫طریقه وولدنگ برای تولید در کارخانه‬
to be approved by Engineer. ‫به شمول تهیه کنج ها باید به انجنییر‬
Electrodes to be used for welding shall comply ‫برای تاییدی قبل از آغاز تولید طبق‬
with relevant international codes approved by the ‫تفصیالت داده شده در نقشه ها تسلیم‬
‫ هر تغیری از شرح باال باید مورد‬.‫گردد‬
Engineer.
.‫تایید انجنییر قرار گیرد‬
All materials to be used for welding shall be of a
recognized manufacture, and the Contractor shall ‫الکترود هاییکه در وولدنگ استفاده‬
when requested by the Engineer furnish ‫میگردد باید مطابق به کود های بین‬
manufacturer's certification that the electrodes .‫المللی تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
and other products used for welding meet the ‫تمام مواد که برای وولدنگ مورد‬
requirement of the specifications. ‫استفاده قرار میگیرد باید از منبع‬
The steel members shall be fitted up to the ‫معتبر بوده و قراردادی مکلف به تهیه و‬
dimensional accuracy required by the welding ‫تسلیمی اسناد و سرتیفیکیت از کمپنی‬

320 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

procedure, depending on the process to be used, ‫تولید کننده میباشد که الکترود ها و‬

to ensure the quality of welding. ‫دیگر تولیدات آن برای وولدنگ استفاده‬
Fabrications assembled in jigs may be completely ‫شده مطابق به مقتضیات این طرزالعمل‬
weld in the jig, or may be removed from the jig .‫باشد‬
after tack welding if approved. ‫اعضای فوالدی باید مطابق به دقت مورد‬
Tack welding may be used provided that (i) they ‫ که‬,‫ضرورت به طریقه وولدنگ کاری بوده‬
are laid in an area to be welded and are thoroughly ,‫مربوط به طریقه مورد استفاده میباشد‬
removed by grinding or gouging such that .‫تا کیفیت وولدنگ کاری تضمین گردد‬
subsequent welding is unaffected, or (ii) they are ‫تولیداتیکه در قالب ها مونتاژ گردیده‬
undertaken by qualified welders and comply with ‫میشود که در همان جا وولدنگ گردد یا‬
the approved welding procedure, or (iii) they are ‫اینکه در صرت تاییدی از قالب بعد از‬
fully remelted using a welding procedure that ‫پرچ گذاری بیرون کشیده شده و وولدنگ‬
demonstrates that tack welding if fully remelted .‫گردد‬
during subsequent welding, or (iv) they are ‫در‬ ‫میباشد‬ ‫استفاده از پرچ وولدنگ‬
located away from zones where subsequent :‫صورتی امکان پذیر است که‬
welding is to take place and in a zone where only
‫آن ها در یک ساحه برای وولدنگ هموار‬ .i
compressive forces are present in service.
‫گردیده و به وسیله ساییدن یا اسکنه‬
The sequence of welding shall be such that ‫کامال برداشته شده تا وولدنگ های بعدی‬
distortion is minimized. ‫ یا‬.‫از آن متاثر نگردد‬
The welded temporary attachment should be
avoided as far as possible, otherwise the method ‫توسط کاریگر های کامال مسلکی انجام‬ .ii
‫شده در مطابقت با طریقه های تایید شده‬
of making any temporary attachment shall be
‫ یا‬,‫وولدنگ کاری باشد‬
approved by the Engineer. Any scars from
temporary attachment shall be removed by ‫کامال ذوب مجدد با استقاده از طریقه‬ .iii
cutting, chipping and surface shall be finished ‫وولدنگ کاری گردیده که نمایانگر ای‬
smooth by grinding to the satisfaction of the ‫است که اگر کامال ذوب مجدد در جریان‬
Engineer. ‫ یا‬,‫وولدنگ بعدی گردد‬
Welding shall not be done when the air ‫از ساحه که وولدنگ های بعدی صورت‬ .iv
temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius. ‫میگیرد فاصله داشته و در ساحه که تنها‬
Welding shall not be done when the surfaces are .‫قوای فشاری قرار دارد‬
moist, during periods of strong winds or in snowy ‫سلسله وولدنگ قسمی بوده تا تشنج در‬
weather unless the work and the welding .‫این جریان به حد اقل برسد‬
operators are adequately protected.
‫از وصله های موقتی برای وولدنگ تا حد‬
The Contractor shall be responsible for visual
‫ مگر اینکه طریقه‬,‫امکان جلوگیری گردد‬
inspection and necessary correction of all ‫ای هر کار موقتی تایید شده انجنییر‬
deficiencies in materials and workmanship. Visual ‫ نشانه های به جا مانده از کار‬.‫باشد‬
Inspection and hammer test may be carried out by ‫های موقتی توسط قطع کاری یا تراش کاری‬
the Engineer to check the quality of the welding. ‫بر داشته شده و سطوح به شکل صیقلی در‬
The Contractor shall comply with the request of ‫آورده شود تا قناعت انجنییر بر آورده‬
the Engineer to correct deficiencies in materials .‫گردد‬
and workmanship in accordance with the
‫ در‬10 ‫در صورتی که درجه حرارت کمتر از‬
drawings and the specifications. ‫جه سانتی گرید باشد وولدنگ کاری قابل‬
(5) Tolerances ‫ وولدنگ کاری در حالتی‬.‫اجرا نمیباشد‬
Tolerances in dimensions of components of ‫که سطوح در اثر باران و برف مرطوب‬
‫گردیده باشد اجرا نمیگردد مگر اینکه‬

321 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

fabricated grating covers and supporting frame ‫سطوح و وسایل وولدنگ به صورت درست‬
shall be specified in the shop drawings and subject .‫محافظت گردیده باشد‬
to the approval of the Engineer before fabrication. ‫قراردادی مکلف به بازرسی و ترمیم تمام‬
Unless specified, all parts of assembly shall be fit ‫نواقص بوجود آمده در مواد و طرز کار‬
together accurately within tolerances specified ‫ بازرسی بصری و تست توسط چکش‬.‫میباشد‬
below. ‫برای تثبیت کیفیت وولدنگ توسط انجنییر‬
1) Length: ±1mm ‫ قراردادی مکلف‬.‫به انداخته خواهد شد‬
2) Width: ±1mm ‫است تا در اثر درخواست انجنییر به‬
3) Depth: ±1mm ‫تصحیح نواقص در مواد و طرز العمل کاری‬
4) Straightness: L/1000, where L is the ‫در مطابقت با نقشه ها و طرزالعمل هذا‬
.‫دست زند‬
length of member
5) Squareness: L/1000, where L is the ‫حد مجاز‬ )5(
nominal diagonal length ‫حدود مجاز برای ابعاد اجزای تولید شده‬
6) Flatness: L/2000, where L is the ‫پوشش های پنجره ای و چوکات ها در نقشه‬
length of grating cover ‫ها نشان داده شده و برای تاییدی به‬
7) Tilt: L/2000, where L is the length of ‫ مگر اینکه ذکر‬.‫انجییر ارسال گردد‬
grating cover ‫ تمام اعضا مناسب به‬,‫گردیده باشد‬
‫همدیگر با دقت تمام و در حد مجاز ذیل‬
.‫باشد‬
±1mm Length: )8
±1mm Width: )9
±1mm Depth: )10
L/1000, where L is Straightness: )11
the length of member
L/1000, where L is Squareness: )12
the nominal diagonal length
L/2000, where L is Flatness: )13
the length of grating cover
L/2000, where L is Tilt: )14
the length of grating cover

(6) Galvanizing ‫گلونایز سازی‬ )6(

a. General ‫عمومیات‬ .a
All fabricated grating covers and supporting ‫تمام پنجره ها و چوکات های تولید شده‬
‫باید گونایز شده حرارتی و در مطابقت‬
frames shall be hot-dip galvanized conforming to
‫به مقتضیات استندرد های بین المللی‬
the requirements of International Standards
.‫باشد‬ ‫انجنییر‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫شده‬ ‫تایید‬
approved by the Engineer. The procedure of
‫طرزالعمل گلونایز سازی برای انجنییر‬
galvanizing shall be submitted to the Engineer for .‫به منظور تاییدی ارسال گردد‬
approval. ‫استندرد های بین المللی که قابل تطبیق‬
Applicable International Standards :‫اند‬

ASTM A : “Standard Specification for Zinc

123/A (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on
123M Iron and Steel Products”

322 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

BS EN ISO : “Hot dip galvanized coatings on

1461 fabricated iron and steel articles.
Specifications and test methods”
JIS H 8641 : “Hot dip galvanized coatings”

Others approved by the Engineer

b. Surface Preparation ‫آماده سازی سطوح‬ .b

Materials to be galvanized shall be thoroughly ‫موادی که گلونایز میگردد به صورت درست‬
cleaned of all scale, dust and dirt by caustic ‫توسط پاک کننده های فشاری و محلول ها‬
cleaning, picking and fluxing. ‫از موجودیت هر نوغ مواد اجنبی و خاک‬
c. Galvanizing .‫پاک کاری گردد‬
‫گلونایز کاری‬ .c
Materials to be galvanized shall be handled with
care so as to avoid any mechanical damage and to ‫موادی که گلونایز میگردد به صورت درست‬
minimize distortion. ‫حمل و نقل گردیده تا به آن صدمه نرسیده‬
The materials shall be dipped in a galvanizing bath ‫ مواد در یک‬.‫و از تشنج جلوگیری گردد‬
consisting of not less than 98% pure molten zinc at 98 ‫محلول برای گلونایز کاری که حاوی‬
suitable galvanizing temperature and shall remain ‫فیصد زنک ذوب شده خالص در حرارت‬
in the bath until all surfaces are evenly coated with ‫گلونایز کاری مناسب و تا وقتی در محلول‬
the coating requirements complying with sub- ‫گذاشته شود که تمام سطوح آن به شمول‬
clause 3.6.4 of this Specification. ‫ این‬3.6.4 ‫سطوح پوش شده آن مطابق به بخش‬
d. Coating Requirements .‫طرزالعمل گردد‬
‫مقتضیات پوششی‬ .d
1) Coating Weights and Thickness
‫وزن و ذخامت پوشش‬ )1
The weight and thickness of the galvanizing
coating shall comply with the relevant ‫وزن و ذخامت پوشش گلونیزی باید مطابق‬
international standards approved by the Engineer. ‫به استندر های بین المللی و تایید شده‬
The table below shows the requirement of JIS H ‫ جدول ذیل به حیث مرجع‬.‫انجنییر باشد‬
8641 as for reference. .‫فابل اجرا است‬

Table-3: Coating Weights (JIS H 8641)

Type Minimum Applicable steel
Average Coating members and
products
(for reference)
Coating Weight

(for reference)
Thickness
(g/m2)

(μm)

Steel members and

HDZ3
350 49 products of thickness
5
not more than 2 mm
thick but not less than

323 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

1 mm, bolts and nuts

of diameter not less
than 12mm and
washer more than
2.3mm thick.
Steel members and
HDZ4 products of thickness
0 400 56
more than 2 mm thick
and not less than 3 mm
Steel members and
HDZ4 450 products of thickness
5 63
more than 3 mm thick
and not less than 5 mm
HDZ5 Steel members and
0 500 69 products of thickness
more than 5 mm thick
Steel members and
HDZ5 products subject to
550 76
5 severe environmental
conditions

2) Surface Finish ‫آماده سازی سطح‬ )2

The galvanized coating shall be continuous, ,‫متداوم‬ ‫باید‬ ‫شده‬ ‫گلونایز‬ ‫پوشش‬
adherent, as smooth and evenly distributed as ‫ به حد کافی صیقلی و عاری از‬,‫پیوسته‬
possible, and free from any defect or .‫هر نوع نواقص باشد‬
imperfections that is detrimental to usage of the ‫چسپندگی‬ )3
coated article.
‫پوشش گلونایز شده باید دارای چسپش‬
3) Adhesion ‫کافی بوده تا در موقع انتقال و نصب از‬
‫پوست دادن یا تورق عاری بوده و در حالت‬
The galvanized coating shall be sufficiently
‫ کیلویی اطراف‬0.3 ‫ضربه زدن با چکش‬
adherent to withstand normal handling during
.‫فرورفته گی رنگ جدا نکند‬
transport and erection without peeling or flaking
and light blows with a 0.3 kg hammer shall not
cause the coating to peel adjacent to the area ‫بازرسی‬ .e
deformed by hammer blows.
‫وزن و ذخامت پوشش گلونایز شده توسط‬
.‫روش های ذیل بازرسی میگردد‬
e. Inspection
‫اندازه گیری مقناطیسی ذخامت‬ -
Galvanized coating weight or thickness shall be
inspected by using any of the following methods. ‫رنگ گیری و وزن گیری‬ -
- Magnetic thickness gauge ‫ وزن گیری قبل و بعد از گلونایز‬-
- Stripping and weighing ‫کاری‬
- Weighing before & after galvanizing
‫اشعه ذره بینی‬ -
- Optical Microscopy
- Others ‫طریقه های دیگر‬ -

324 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

Visual inspection and hammer test shall be carried ‫بازرسی دیداری و توسط چکش به منظور چک‬
out to check the adherent of the galvanized ‫نمودن چسپش پوشش گلونایز شده استفاده‬
coating. ‫ تست سلفیت مس یا پریس برای چک‬.‫میگردد‬
Copper sulfate dip test or Preece test for checking ‫نمودن همنواختی پوشش در مطابقت با‬
the uniformity of coating may be conducted in ‫ و یا سایر کود های استندرد‬ASTM A239
accordance with ASTM A239 or other equivalent ‫بین المللی نظر به درخواست انجنییر‬
.‫اجرا میگردد‬
international standards when required by the
Engineer. ‫ ترانسپورت و ذخیره سازی‬.f

f. Transport and Storage ‫اجناس گلونایز شده باید در صورت ضرورت‬

‫در شرایط خشک و تهویه شده نگهداری شده‬
Galvanized articles, shall, wherever possible, be
.‫تا از مرطوب شدن آن جلوگیری گردد‬
transported and stored under dry, well-ventilated
conditions to avoid the possibility of wet storage ‫ معالجه های بعدی‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
staining. ‫تولیدات گلونایز شده از قبیل کرومیت‬
Where required, post-treatment of galvanized ‫سازی یا فاسفیت سازی به خطر پایین‬
‫آوردن خطرات رطوبت و به برای کمک به‬
products such as chromating or phosphating may
.‫رنگ های بعدی قابل اجرا میباشد‬
be applied to reduce the risk of wet storage
‫) انتقال‬7(
staining or to assist subsequent painting.
‫پوشش های پنجره ای و چوکات های تولید‬
(7) Handling ‫شده به صورت درست و مصون حمل و نقل‬
‫گردیده تا از صدمات دایمی وارد شده‬
Fabricated grating covers and supporting frames
‫ احتیاط به خصوص‬.‫باالی آن جلوگیری گردد‬
shall be handled and transported in a safe manner
‫به انجام های آزاد و سفت و سطوح ماشینی‬
so that permanent distortion does not occur and
.‫باید مبذول گردد‬
surface damage is minimized. Particular care shall
be taken to stiffen free ends and adequately
protect any machined faces.

702.4.4 Installation ‫ نصب‬702.4.4

The grating covers, supporting frame and anti- ‫ چوکات های حمایوی‬,‫پوشش های پنجره ای‬
theft devices shall be installed in accordance with ‫و وسایل ضد سرقت باید در مطابقت با‬
the drawings. .‫نقشه ها نصب گردد‬
Supporting frames shall be accurately and firmly ‫چوکات های حمایوی باید به صورت درست‬
fixed to the formworks of the drainage ditch so ‫به قالب ها بسته بندی گردیده تا در‬
‫جریان گانکریت ریزی باعث تغیر مکان آن‬
that it will not move during the concrete pouring
‫ در جریان برداشتن قالب ها باید‬.‫نگردد‬
and vibrating. Attention to be paid at the time of
‫متوجه چوکات ها بوده تا تخریب نگردیده‬
removing the formwork so that the supporting
.‫و تغیر موقعیت ننمایند‬
frames do not move and damaged.
The surface of supporting frames shall be cleaned ‫سطح چوکات های حمایوی قبل از نصب پوشش‬
‫های پنجره ای باید پاک و عاری از هر‬
before installation of grating covers and shall be
.‫نوع ناپاکی و اشیای مزاهم باشد‬
free from dirt and other obstacles.
The grating covers shall be installed at locations ‫پوشش های پنجره ای باید در موقعیت‬
sitting stable on the supporting frames. In case the ‫هاییکه به صورت ثابت باالی چوکات ها‬
grating covers are found to be unstable or shaky ‫ در صورتی که‬.‫قرار میگیرد نصب گردد‬
‫پوشش های پنجره ای باالی سطوح نا استوار‬
and rattle by the Engineer, it shall be adjusted
‫نصب گردیده باشد و توسط انجنییر‬

325 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

appropriately. No welding is allowed between the ‫دریافت گردد باید به صورت آنی و دقیق‬
grating covers and the supporting frames and the ‫ پوشش های پنجره ای نباید‬.‫تنظیم گردد‬
grating covers shall remain removal for ‫با چوکات ها وولدنگ گردد تا در موقع‬
maintenance purpose. .‫حفظ و مراقبت به آسانی برداشته شوند‬
Anti-theft devices shall be placed as shown in the ‫وسایل ضد سرقت باید مطابق به نقشه ها‬
Drawings. .‫نصب گردد‬

702.4.5 Tests and Standards of Acceptance ‫ تست ها و استندرد های قبول‬702.4.5

‫شده‬
The materials shall be tested in accordance with ‫مواد در مطابقت با استندرد های بین‬
relevant international standards and necessary ‫المللی مربوطه تست شده و سرتیفیکیت‬
test certificates shall be submitted. Additional ‫ تست های‬.‫های تست باید تسلیم گردد‬
tests, if required, shall be carried out by the ‫اضافی در صورت ضرورت به مصرف قراردادی‬
Contractor at his own cost. .‫انجام میگردد‬
The fabrication and installation shall be inspected ‫تولید و نصب در مطابقت با این طرزالعمل‬
and tested in accordance with this specification ‫و به تاییدی انجنییر مورد بازرسی قرار‬
and shall be approved by the Engineer. Anti-theft ‫ وسایل ضد سرقت با باز نمودن‬.‫میگیرد‬
devices shall be tested by opening the grating ‫ که دیده شود به آسانی برای حفظ‬,‫پوشش‬
cover to verify that the cover can be opened for ,‫و مرافبت باز میگردد و قابل سرقت نیست‬
‫ صدمه یا نواقص در‬.‫بازرسی میگردد‬
maintenance without difficulty and the cover will
.‫تولیدات باعث رد آن میگردد‬
not be stolen. Any damage or defects on the
product will be the cause of rejection.

702.4.6 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬702.4.6

All the work necessary for this item shall be ‫تمام اندازه گیری ها برای این بخش به‬
measured in linear meter for concrete ditches or ‫شکل متر خطی برای آبرو های کانکریتی و‬
square meter for drainage pits actually fabricated ‫به متر مربع به گودال های فاضالب که‬
and installed at locations and accepted. One set ‫در موقیت های در ست نصب و تایید گردیده‬
consists of anti-theft devices including hooks, ‫ گیرا‬,‫ یک سیت شامل وسایل ضد سرقت‬.‫اند‬
‫ آنکر های کانکریتی‬,‫ آنکر پلیت ها‬,‫ها‬
anchor plates, concrete anchors and cable/chain
‫زنجیر قفل مطابق به نقشه ها‬/‫و کیبل‬
lock as indicated in the Drawings.
.‫میگردد‬
Anti-theft devices including hooks, anchor plates,
concrete anchors and cable/chain lock shall not be ‫ آنکر پلیت‬,‫ گیرا ها‬,‫وسایل ضد سرقت‬
measured separately and shall be included in the ‫زنجیر‬/‫ آنکر های کانکریتی و کیبل‬,‫ها‬
‫قفل به صورت جداگانه محاسبه نگردیده‬
rate.
.‫بلکه شامل قیمت داده شده میگردد‬
Supporting frame angles to be embedded in the
concrete ditches and drainage pits shall not also ‫زوایای چوکات حمایوی که داخل آبرو های‬
be measured separately and included in the rate. ‫کانکریتی و گدال های فاضالب میگردد نیز‬
.‫شامل قیمت داده شده میگردد‬

702.4.7 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬702.4.7

The contract unit rate for this item shall include all ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس برای این بخش شامل‬
the costs for materials, labors, tools, plant and ‫ دستگاه و‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫ کاریگر‬,‫قیمت مواد‬
equipment required for preparation of shop ‫سامان آالت مورد نیاز به تهیه نقشه های‬

326 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

drawings and working drawings, furnishing, ‫ گلونایز‬,‫ تولیدات‬,‫ اثاثیه ها‬,‫کاری‬

fabricating, galvanizing, transporting, and ,‫ و نصب تمام مصرفیه ها‬,‫ انتقاالت‬,‫کاری‬
installation including consumables, inspections, ‫ تست ها و غیره در مطابقت‬,‫بازرسی ها‬
tests, etc. in accordance with the Drawings and .‫به نقشه ها و ظرزالعمل هذا میگردد‬
these Specifications.

702.5 Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬702.5

The quantities of concrete ditches, manholes, ‫ من هول‬,‫مقادیر کانکریت برای آبرو ها‬
inlets, and catch basins completed and accepted in ‫ و آبگیر ها که تکمیل‬,‫ دخولی ها‬,‫ها‬
accordance with the Drawings, these ‫ این‬,‫شده در مطابقت با نقشه ها‬
Specifications and as directed by the Engineer, ‫طرزالعمل و نظر به هدایت انجنییر است‬
shall be measured as follows: .‫به شکل ذیل اندازه گیری میگردد‬
The quantities of concrete ditches to be paid for
shall be measured along the centerline of the
completed ditches in linear meter. The length shall
be measured between the internal face of any
manhole, inlet or catch basin.
Standard manholes, inlets and catch basins, both
new and reconstructed as applicable shall be
measured by the unit number of the each
structure.
Concrete covers, grating and manhole covers with
frames, ladder rungs, etc. shall not be measured
and deemed to be included in the rate for ditches,
manholes, catch basins, etc. unless such items are
given in the BOQ for separate payment.

702 (1)a Concrete ditch (600x600, with cover)

lin.m
702 (1)b Concrete ditch (600x600, box type
w/grating cover) lin.m
702 (1)d Concrete trapezoid ditch (w=1000mm)
lin.m
702 (1)c Concrete ditch (600x410, with cover)
lin.m
702 (2)a Catch basin (1000x800x800, with cover)
each
702 (2)b Catch basin (800x800x800, with cover)
each
702 (2)c Catch basin (900x900x800, with cover)
each
702 (2)d Catch basin (1000x1000x800, with grating
cover) each
702 (2)e Catch basin (1000x1400x2000, with

327 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

grating cover) each

702 (3)a Concrete cover (heavy duty)
sqm
702 (3)b Grating cover (heavy duty)
sqm

702.6 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬702.6

The Contract unit rate for the work shall constitute ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
full compensation for furnishing and placing all ‫در بر گیرنده تمام غرامات اثاثیه و‬
materials, labor, equipment, tools and incidentals ,‫ وسایل‬,‫ کاریگر‬,‫جابجایی تمام مواد‬
necessary to complete the work including ‫لوازم و مواد اساسی مورد نیاز برای‬
fabrication, excavation, installation, backfill, etc. ‫ پر‬,‫ نصب‬,‫ کندن کاری‬,‫تکمیلی تولیدات‬
.‫کاری و غیره میگردد‬

703 Mortared Stone Pitching ‫ سنگ فرش با مصاله‬703

703.1 Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬703.1
This work shall consist of construction of ‫این کار شامل ساختمان های سنگی میگردد‬
structures with stones jointed together by cement ‫که توسط مصاله در مطابقت با نقشه ها و‬
mortar in accordance with the details shown on ‫طرزالعمل هذا به تاییدی انجنییر به هم‬
the drawings and these specifications or as .‫پیوست میگردد میباشد‬
approved by the Engineer.

703.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬703.2

Materials for mortared stone pitching shall ‫مواد برای کار سنگ فرش باید در مطابقت‬
conform to the requirement specified in Clause "‫ "سنگ کاری‬502 ‫به مقتضیات ماده‬
502 “Stone Masonry” of these Specifications. .‫طرزالعمل هذا باشد‬

703.3 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬703.3

Mortared stone pitching shall be constructed to ‫سنگ فرش با مصاله باید در اندازه و‬
the shape and dimensions shown in the Drawings ‫شکل داده شده در نقشه و یا مطابق با‬
unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer. .‫نظر انجنییر صورت گیرد‬
Mortared stone pitching shall be laid in 502 ‫سنگ فرش با مصاله مطابق به ماده‬
accordance with Clause 502 “Stone Masonry” of .‫"سنگ کاری" این طرزالعمل صورت بگیرد‬
these Specifications.

703.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬703.4

Mortared stone pitching shall be measured in ‫سنگ فرش با مصاله باید به متر مکعب‬
cubic meters. .‫اندازه گیری گردد‬

703 (1) Mortared Stone Pitching ‫) سنگفرش مصاله دار به متر مکعب‬1( 703
cum ‫اندازه گیری گردد‬

703.5 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬703.5

328 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

The Contract unit rate for mortared stone pitching ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس برای سنگ فرش با مصاله‬
ditches shall include the cost of all labors, ‫درج شده قرارداد برای آبرو ها شامل‬
materials, tools and plant, sampling and testing, ‫ لوازم و‬,‫ مواد‬,‫قیمت تمام کاریگر‬
supervision and other expenses incidental to the ‫ بازرسی و‬,‫ نمونه گیری و تست‬,‫دستگاه‬
satisfactory completion of the works as described ‫دیگر موارد ضروری برای تکمیلی قناعت‬
.‫بخش کار های ذکر شده میباشد‬
herein above.

704 Cleaning and Reconditioning Existing ‫ پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد ساختمان‬704
‫فاضالب موجوده‬
Drainage Structures
704.1 Scope of Work ‫ شرح‬704.1
This item shall consist of cleaning and ‫این بخش شامل پاک کاری و تجدید آمادگی‬
reconditioning existing pipes, ditches, channels, ‫ و ساختمان‬,‫ جوی ها‬,‫ آبرو ها‬,‫پیپ ها‬
and appurtenant structures in reasonably close ‫های متعلقه موجوده در مطابقت با نقشه‬
conformity with this specification and as shown in .‫ها می گردد‬
the Drawings.

704.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬704.2

Materials used for repair or replacement of ‫مواد مورد نیاز برای ترمیم یا تعویض‬
existing pipes, ditches, channels and appurtenant ‫ و ساختمان‬,‫ جوی ها‬,‫ آبرو ها‬,‫پیپ ها‬
structures shall conform to the requirements of ‫های متعلقه موجوده باید در مطابقت به‬
the applicable Clauses of these Specifications. ‫ماده های قابل تطبیق این طرزالعمل‬
.‫میگردد‬

704.3 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬704.3

(1) Cleaning and reconditioning of ditches, ‫) پاک کاری و تجدید آماده گی آبرو‬1(
channels and appurtenant structures ‫ جوی ها و ساختمان های متعلقه‬,‫ها‬
The existing drainage ditches, channels and ‫ و ساختمان‬,‫ جوی ها‬,‫ آبرو ها‬,‫پیپ ها‬
appurtenant structures such as manholes, ‫های متعلقه موجوده از قبیل من هول‬
catch basins, etc. to be cleaned and ‫ آبگیر ها و غیره باید طبق هدایت‬,‫ها‬
reconditioned designated in the Drawings or ‫انجنییر و نقشه ها پاک کاری از هر‬
as directed by the Engineer shall be cleaned
.‫نوع ناپاکی و مواد بیکاره گردد‬
and washed to remove all debris and
,‫ سوراخ ها‬,‫نواقص از قبیل شکاف ها‬
sedimentation to the satisfaction of the
‫اجزای شکسته یا فراموش شده و غیره‬
Engineer. Defects such as cracks, leaks, broken
or missing parts, etc. shall be repaired by ‫ صفا کاری‬,‫ پر کاری‬,‫باید با تعویض‬
replacing, filling, finishing and other measures ‫و غیره موارد مورد نیاز گرفته شده‬
as appropriate accepted by the Engineer. .‫و طبق خواست انجنییر تکمیل گردد‬
Defects on the exiting covers on the ditches, ‫ و‬,‫ جوی ها‬,‫نواقص در پوشش آبرو ها‬
channels and appurtenant structures shall also ‫سایر ساختمان های متعلقه هم چنان‬
be repaired or replaced and set firmly on the ‫ اسالحات ممکنه‬.‫ترمیم یا تعویض گردد‬
structures. Necessary adjustment shall be .‫به منظور بهبودی باید صورت گیرد‬
made to avoid rolling, slack, unevenness, etc.
‫) پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد پیپ کالورت‬2(
(2) Cleaning and reconditioning of pipe culverts ‫ها‬
The existing pipe culverts to be cleaned and ‫ییپ کالورت های موجوده باید در‬
reconditioned designated in the Drawings or ‫مطابقت با نقشه ها و هدایت انجنییر‬

329 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

as directed by the Engineer shall be cleaned ‫پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد مطابق به‬
and reconditioned in the following manner. .‫طریقه ذیل گردد‬
All debris, foreign materials within the existing ‫تمام مواد اضافی و ناپاکی ها به‬
pipes shall be removed and disposed by ‫طریقه های مطمین برطرف گردد تا‬
appropriate methods without damaging the ‫ در صورتی‬.‫باعث تخریب پیپ ها نگردد‬
pipes. In case water is used, disturbance to the ‫که از آب فشاری برای پاک کاری‬
surrounding areas shall be avoided. ‫استفاده گردد باید باعث صدمه رسیدن‬
If approved by the Engineer, all or part of the .‫به ساحه های کناری نگردد‬
pipes to be cleaned in place may be removed,
‫ تمام و‬,‫در صورت تاییدی انجنییر‬
cleaned, and re-laid in accordance with the
‫یا اجزای پیپ ها که پاک کاری میگردد‬
applicable Clauses in these Specifications. The
pipe shall be carefully removed and all the ‫ پاک کاری گردیده و‬,‫برداشته شده‬
debris and foreign materials in the pipes and ‫دوباره در مطابقت با ماده های‬
at the joint ends shall be removed and .‫تطبیقی این طرزالعمل صورت گیرد‬
disposed. The Contractor shall furnish all ‫پیپ ها به صورت دقیق برداشته شده و‬
materials required to replace damaged pipes ‫تمام ناپاکی ها و مواد اضافی آن از‬
and joints, perform all excavation and backfill, ‫داخل و انجام های جاینت ها برداشته‬
and re-lay the pipes including jointing in ‫ قراردادی مکلف‬.‫شده و دور کرده شود‬
accordance with the Specifications. ‫است تا تمام مواد مورد نیاز برای‬
‫تبدیل نمودن پیپ ها و جاینت های‬
(3) Disposal of debris and foreign materials ‫تخریب شده را تهیه نمودهو کندن‬
Debris and foreign materials including broken ‫ پر کاری و نشاندن پیپ ها با‬,‫کاری‬
pipes, pieces of concrete and masonry shall be ‫جاینت های آنرا در مطابقت با‬
disposed in appropriate manner specified in .‫طرزالعمل هذا انجام دهد‬
these Specifications.
‫) دفع مواد مخروبه و اجنبی‬3(
‫مواد مخروبه و اجنبی شامل پیپ های‬
‫ توته های کانکریت و خشت‬,‫شکسته‬
‫باید به صورت درست و در مطابقت به‬
.‫این طرزالعمل باشد‬

704.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬704.4

Measurement shall be made by the length in linear ‫اندازه گیری ها به شکل متر خطی برای‬
meter of ditches and pipes measured along the ‫آبرو ها و پیپ ها در مسیر خط مرکزی‬
centerline acceptably cleaned, removed, re-laid as ‫ساخته های پاک کاری شده و فبول شده‬
designated in the Bill of Quantities, irrespective of ‫ ساختمان های متعلقه به آن ها‬.‫میباشد‬
the kind or size involved. Appurtenant structures ‫به صورت جداگانه اندازه نگردیده و‬
.‫شامل اندازه گیری های متذگره میگردد‬
shall not be measured separately and shall be
included in the unit rate.
‫) پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد آبرو‬1( 704
‫متر خطی‬ ‫های فاضالب به‬
704 (1) Cleaning and Reconditioning of Drainage
‫) پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد پیپ های‬2( 704
Ditches lin.m
‫متر خطی‬ ‫فاضالب به‬
704 (2) Cleaning and Reconditioning of Drainage
‫) پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد ساختمان‬3( 704
Pipes lin.m
‫متر خطی‬ ‫های فاضالب به‬
704 (3) Cleaning and Reconditioning of Drainage
Structures lin.m

330 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

704.5 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬704.5

The Contract unit rate for cleaning and ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
reconditioning of drainage ditches and pipes shall ‫برای پاک کاری و تعمیر مجدد آبرو ها و‬
include the cost of materials, cleaning, excavation, ‫ کندن‬,‫ پاک کاری‬,‫پیپ ها شامل قیمت مواد‬
backfilling, disposal, repair, re-laying, and all ‫ دوباره‬,‫ ترمیم‬,‫ دفع‬,‫ پر کاری‬,‫کاری‬
incidentals to complete the work as per these ‫شاندن و موارد ضروری برای تکمیلی کار‬
.‫در مطابقت با طرزالعمل میباشد‬
specifications.

705 Inlet/Outlet for Slab/Pipe Culverts ‫پیپ‬/‫ ورودی و خروجی برای سقف‬705
‫پلچک ها‬
705.1 Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬705.1

The work shall consist of excavation, preparation ,‫ تهیه تهداب‬,‫کندن کاری‬ ‫این کار شامل‬
of foundation, blinding concrete, mortared stone ‫ سنگ فرش مصاله‬,‫پر کاری‬ ‫کانکریت برای‬
pitching, stone masonry cut off wall, retaining wall ‫ دیوار های‬,‫های سنگی‬ ‫ دیوار‬,‫دار‬
made from stone masonry, and backfilling in ,‫کاری در مطابقت نقشه ها‬ ‫استنادی و پر‬
accordance with the details shown on the ‫و نظر به تاییدی انجنییر‬ ‫طرزالعمل هذا‬
.‫میباشد‬
drawings and these specifications or as approved
by the Engineer.

705.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬705.2

All materials used in the construction of ‫تمام مواد مورد نیاز برای ساختن سقف‬
inlet/outlet for slab culverts or pipe culverts shall ‫دخولی یا خروجی پلچک ها یا پیپ ها باید‬
conform to the requirements as shown on the .‫مطابق به نقشه ها باشد‬
Drawings. ‫ دیوار سنگی و دیوار‬,‫سنگفرش مصاله ای‬
Mortared stone pitching, stone masonry cut off ‫استنادی باید توسط سنگ های که در‬
wall, and retaining wall made from stone masonry "‫ "سنگ کاری‬502 ‫مطابقت با مقتضیات ماده‬
.‫این طرزالعمل باشد‬
shall conform to the requirement specified in
‫کانکریت برای پر کاری باید مطابق به‬
Clause 502 “Stone Masonry” of these
‫ "ساختمان کانکریتی" این‬401 ‫ماده‬
Specifications.
.‫طرزالعمل باشد‬
Blinding concrete shall conform to the
requirement specified in Clause 401 “Structure
Concrete” of these Specifications.

705.3 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیا ت ساخت و ساز‬705.3

Inlet/outlet for slab culverts or pipe culverts shall ‫دخولی ها و خروجی های پلچک ها و پیپ‬
be constructed to the shape and dimensions ‫ها به اندازه های داده شده در نقشه ها‬
shown in the Drawings unless otherwise .‫و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر ساخته شود‬
instructed by the Engineer. ‫ دیوار سنگی و دیوار‬,‫سنگفرش مصاله دار‬
Mortared stone pitching, stone masonry cut off ‫استنادی ساخته شده از سنگ در مطابقت‬
wall, and retaining wall made from stone masonry ‫ "سنگ کاری" این طرزالعمل‬502 ‫با ماده‬
‫ کانکریت برای پر کاری‬.‫انجام گردد‬
shall be laid in accordance with Clause 502 “Stone
‫ "ساختمان‬401 ‫باید مطابق به ماده‬
Masonry” of these Specifications.
.‫کانکریتی" این طرزالعمل باشد‬
Blinding concrete shall be laid in accordance with

331 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 7: Drainage and Gabion General Technical Specification

Clause 401 “Structure Concrete” of these

Specifications.

705.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬705.4

All the works under this Clause, furnished and ‫ تهیه و‬,‫تمام کار های شامل این ماده‬
installed in accordance with this Specification, the ‫ نقشه ها و‬,‫نصب در مطابقت با طرزالعمل‬
Drawings and the instruction of the Engineer, shall ‫ مطابق به روش ذیل‬,‫یا هدایت انحنییر‬
be measured by the following pay items and the .‫آن اندازه گیری گردد‬
quantity of each item shall be measured as
705 (1) Inlet / Outlet
detailed below. each
705 (2) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-A
705 (1) Inlet / Outlet each
each 705 (3) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-B
each
705 (2) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-A 705 (4) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-C
each each
705 (3) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-B 705 (5) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-D
each each
705 (6) Inlet / Outlet for Pipe Culverts
705 (4) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-C each
each
705 (5) Inlet / Outlet for Slab Culverts, Type-D
each
705 (6) Inlet / Outlet for Pipe Culverts
each

705.5 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬705.5

The Contract unit rate for inlet/outlet for slab ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
culverts or pipe culverts shall include the cost of all ‫خروجی برای پلچک ها و پیپ‬/‫برای دخولی‬
labors, materials, tools and plant, scaffolding, ,‫ مواد‬,‫ها باید شامل نرخ تمام کارگر ها‬
sampling and testing, supervision and other ‫ نمونه‬,‫ خوازه بندی‬,‫وسایل و دستگاه‬
expenses incidental to the satisfactory completion ‫ و دیگر مصارف‬,‫ بازرسی‬,‫گیری و تست‬
‫ضروری برای تکمیلی کار به طبق دلخواه‬
of the works described herein above.
.‫میشود‬

332 | S e c t i o n 7
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

SECTION 8: UTILITIES ‫ شبکات‬: 8 ‫بخش‬

801 Street Lighting ‫چراغ سرک‬ 801

801.1 General ‫عمومیات‬ 801.1

(a) This work shall consist of detailed design, ‫ تهیه و نصب‬,‫) این موضوع دیزاین مشرح‬a(
furnishing and installing all materials and ‫تمام اجناس ووسایل مورد نیاز برای‬
equipment necessary to complete in place ‫ چراغ های‬,‫تکمیل نمودن چراغ های سرک‬
street lighting and other electrical systems, and ‫ دیگر سیستم‬,‫پیاده رو های زیرزمینی‬
the modification of such existing systems when ‫ و تغیراتیکه در مورد این‬,‫های برقی‬
so specified, all in accordance with the ‫ این تغیرات‬,‫سیستم وارد میگردد‬
‫طرزالعمل هذا و یا‬,‫مطابق نقشه ها‬
Drawings, these Specifications, or as instructed
‫ تمام‬.‫ میباشد‬,‫طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
by the Engineer. Unless otherwise noted, civil
802 ‫فعالیت های ساختمانی شامل بخش‬
engineering works necessary for the work of
‫میگردد مگر اینکه از آن در این بخش‬
this Clause 801 shall be executed under Clause
.‫به سراحت ذکر گردیده باشد‬
802 of these Specifications.
‫ صفحه‬,‫) موقعیت پایه های چراغ ها‬b(
‫ و ملعقاتیکه در نقشه‬,‫توزیع برق‬
(b) The location of street lighting poles, ‫داوطلبی نشان داده شده تقریبی می‬
distribution panels, other equipment and ‫باشد و قرار دادی مکلف است تا‬
appurtenances shown on the Bidding Drawings ‫دیزاین آنرا که شامل تنظیمات عمومی‬
are approximate and the Contractor shall carry ,‫ چراغ های پیاده رو‬,‫چراغ های سرک‬
out the design including the general ‫ مسیر لین برق و‬,‫سیستم توزیع برق‬
arrangement of street lights, distribution .‫غیره میشود را به راه اندازد‬
system, cabling route, controlling system, etc.
in coordination with the local authorities such ‫) برای تمام وسایل لین ها باید به‬c(
as Kabul Municipality, Kabul Electric Company ‫بالک‬-‫صفحه توزیع رسیده و به ترمینال‬
‫ پایه های چراغ‬.‫های مناسب وصل گردد‬
(Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat, DABS), etc.
‫ وسایل برای محکم‬,‫های داخل سرک‬
‫ واحد‬,LED ‫نمودن واحد کنترول‬
,MCCB ,‫ ترمینال آرت‬,‫انقطاع کیبل‬
(c) For all equipment cables shall terminate at
.‫و غیره توسط قراردادی تهیه گردد‬
distribution panels and be connected in
appropriate terminal blocks.
Inside street lighting pole, hook or device to fix
the Ballast, cable terminating unit, earth
terminal and MCCB Moulded Case Circuit
Breaker etc. to be provided.

Cables pulled into poles shall be terminated neatly

to terminal block, MCCB and Ballast etc.

333 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

801.2 Scope of Work ‫ سکوپ‬801.2

The scope of work shall cover the design, supply, ,‫ تهیه‬,‫طرزالعمل کاری شامل دیزاین‬
delivery to site, erection, test and commissioning of ‫ تست نمودن‬,‫ نصب کردن‬,‫انتقال به ساحه‬
all material and equipment in connection with the ‫و فعال نمودن تمام وسایل و لوازم مرتبط‬
Electrical Installation to the extent described and ‫به برق به وسعت و مطابقت به نقشه ها و‬
shown on the Drawings and includes but is not :‫ به موارد ذیل‬,‫ اما نه محدود‬,‫مطابق‬
necessarily limited to: ‫) سروی مشرح ساحه‬a(

‫) هماهنگی با ارگان های مربوطه مثل‬b(

(a) Detailed site survey.
‫برشنا‬ ‫شرکت‬ ,‫کابل‬ ‫شهرداری‬
.‫وغیره‬
(b) Coordination with local authorities such as
Kabul Municipality, Kabul Electric Company (Da
‫ نقشه‬,‫) تهیه و تسلیمی دیزاین مشرح‬c(
Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat), etc.
.‫ ها‬Shop Drawing ‫های کاری و‬

(c) Preparation and submission of design ‫) تسلیمی لیست مواد تهیه شده که‬d(
drawings, working drawings and shop ,‫نشاندهنده نمبر تشخیصیه جنس‬
drawings. ‫ معلومات‬,‫طرزالعمل استفاده آن‬
‫فروشنده و غیره‬
(d) Submission of detailed Material Supply Lists
indicating product identification no, ‫) تمام کار هاییکه وابسته به حذف‬e(
specifications, vendor wit contact no., etc. ‫بخش های سیستم موجوده و ملحق به‬
‫بخش های باقی مانده سیستم دایمی‬
(e) All work associated with the removal of ‫میگردد‬
sections of the existing systems and the ‫تمام وسایل و خدمات برقی مورد نیاز‬
incorporation of the remaining sections in the ‫دیگر برای تکمیل نمودن تاسیسات قابل‬
permanent works. ‫استفاده و قابل اجرا باید در مطا بقت‬
‫به مربوطه قوانین ملی برای نصب‬
All other electrical equipment and services needed ‫تاسیسات برقی باشد‬
to complete a usable and operable facility in
accordance with the pertinent electric codes and
local regulations for Electrical Installation.

801.3 Quality Assurance ‫ تضمین کیفیت‬801.3

(a) For the actual fabrication, installation, and ‫ نصب و امتحان نمودن درست‬,‫) برای تهیه‬a(
testing of the work described in this Clause, the ‫موارد ذکر شده این بخش قراردادی‬
Contractor shall use only thoroughly trained ‫مکلف به بکار گیری افراد با تجربه‬
and experienced personnel who are ‫و متخصص در موارد ذکر شده این بخش‬
completely familiar with the requirements for ‫که آشنایی کامل با مقررات و لوایح‬
this work and with the installation .‫تولید کننده را داشته باشند‬
recommendations of the manufacturers of the ‫ در قسمت قبولی و یا رد وسایل نصب‬
‫شده برقی هیچ معذرتی در موجودیت عدم‬
specified items.
.‫کفایه قرار دادی قابل قبول نیست‬
 In acceptance or rejection of the installed
‫ نصب کننده و برقی باید دارای تصدیق‬
electrical system, no allowance will be
‫نامه در مورد باشد‬
made for lack of skill on the part of

334 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

installers. ‫) تمام کار ها باید مطابق نقشه و‬b(

 Installers and electrician shall hold the ‫طرزالعمل هذا باشد و همچنان در‬
relevant valid certificates complying with ‫مطابقت با کود های مربوطه و کود های‬
local regulations. .‫ملی باشد‬

(b) All work shall comply with the Drawings and ‫) تمام کار ها مورد بازرسی شرکت برشنا‬c(
‫و شهرداری کابل برای قبول و عدم‬
these Specifications, in addition to complying
‫ اسناد و شواهد‬.‫قبولی قرار میگیرد‬
with the pertinent codes and local regulations:
‫بازرسی افراد متذکره در ختم کار به‬
(c) All work shall be subject to inspection by the
‫ موفقانه سپری‬.‫انجنییر تسلیم گردد‬
local Electricity Authority and Kabul ‫شدن بازرسی مسولین ارگان های‬
Municipality to determine its acceptability. ‫متذکره عدم مکلفیت قراردادی را از‬
Evidence of satisfactory inspection by the local ‫ تمام موارد‬.‫قرارداد تضمین نمی کند‬
Electricity Authority is to be submitted to the ‫مورد بازرسی انجنییر قرار میگیرد‬
Engineer on completion of the commissioning ‫تا مطابقت آن را با قرار داد بررسی‬
and testing. A satisfactory inspection by the ‫ هر مورد نگاشته شده توسط‬.‫نماید‬
local Electricity Authority and Kabul ‫مقامات محلی و یا انجنییر عدم کفایه‬
Municipality is not to be considered as .‫در مورد را نشان میدهد‬
compliance with the Contract. All works shall
be subject to inspection by the Engineer to
assess its compliance with the Contract.
Each defect noted by local Electricity Authority,
Kabul Municipality or the Engineer during the
inspections and tests shall constitute a non-
conformance under the Contract.

801.4 Drawings and Documents ‫ نقشه ها و اسناد‬801.4

(a) The Contractor shall refer to all relevant ‫) قرار دادی برای مفهیم بیشتر خویش‬a(
drawings to ascertain for himself the location ‫مکلف به مراجعه به نقشه های‬
and routes of all other utility services so as to ‫مربوطه است تا موقعیت و مسیر های‬
maintain adequate clearance between ‫تاسیسات عامل المنفعه را تشخیص‬
electrical and other services. The Contract ‫و فاصله حد مجاز آن با تاسیسات‬
Drawings are to indicate generally the ‫ نقشه‬.‫برقی پروژه را حفظ نماید‬
‫های قرارداد به منظور ارایه‬
arrangement of the work. The Contractor is
‫ پس‬.‫عمومی موارد متذکره میباشد‬
therefore required to provide working
‫قراردادی مکلف به تهیه و دیزاین‬
drawings showing the exact routes of all
‫نقشه های مشرح و نقشه های کاری‬
underground or overhead cables and ducts, the ‫که نشان دهنده مسیر های دقیق‬
exact run of all conduits and ducts, the location ,‫تمام کیبل های زیرزمینی و هوایی‬
of manholes and hand holes, draw-in and ‫ مسیر‬,‫لوله های انتقال کیبل ها‬
junction boxes, the number and size of wires in ,‫دقیق تمام لوله ها و کیبل ها‬
each conduit or ducts, the final connection ,‫ ها‬Hand Hole ‫ ها و‬Manhole ‫موقعیت‬
arrangements at street lighting panels, the ‫ تعداد‬,‫ و اتصالی‬Draw-in ‫بکس های‬
detail of ducts and the method of fixing street ,‫و اندازه کیبل ها در هر لوله‬
lighting panels and sub-main distribution board ‫مشخصات لوله و طریقه تنظیم برق‬
for the approval of the Engineer before ‫ میباشد‬Power Distribution Board ‫به‬
commencing any portion of the Works. All such ‫تا قبل از آغاز هر نوع فعالیت‬

335 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

working drawings shall be submitted in ‫برای تاییدی به انجنییر تسلیم‬

duplicate and within the periods stipulated ‫ تمام اسناد ذکر شده فوق در‬.‫گردد‬
below : ‫دو کاپی و در مواقع ذیل توسط‬
(i) General arrangement drawings, :‫قراردادی تسلیم گردد‬
power supply and distribution ‫ منابع‬,‫نقشه تنظیمات کلی‬ .i
‫و سرکت تقسیمات برق و‬
circuit diagrams, control system
‫نقشه کنترول سیستم را‬
diagram shall be submitted within ‫باید در مدت دو ماه بعد‬
two months after handing over the ‫به‬ ‫ساح‬ ‫تسلیمی‬ ‫از‬
site to the Contractor. .‫قراردادی تهیه شود‬
(ii) All other detailed working drawings ‫تمام نقشه های کاری و‬ .ii
and shop drawings including ‫ ها به شمول‬Shop Drawing
brochures of materials such as ‫معلومات در مورد مواد از‬
lighting pole, lantern, conduit and ,‫چراغ‬ ‫های‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫قبیل‬
cables shall be submitted within a ‫ کیبل‬,‫ لوله ها‬,‫فانوس ها‬
‫ها و غیره در جریان یک ماه‬
period of one month from the date
‫از تاریخ تایید نقشه های‬
of approval of the general ‫ سرکت ها و‬,‫تنظیمات عمومی‬
arrangement drawings and circuit ‫میباشد‬ ‫کنترولی‬ ‫سیستم‬
and control system diagrams by the ‫به‬ ‫تاییدی‬ ‫برای‬ ‫باید‬
Engineer. .‫انجنییر ارسال گردد‬
(iii) Should however the Contractor be ‫هر گاه قراردادی مکلف به‬ .iii
obliged to install electrical conduits ‫انجام کار لوله های کیبل‬
prior to this period then he shall ,‫قبل از این مدت باشد‬
‫باید نقشه های مربوطه را‬
submit the relevant working
‫حد اقل چهار هفته قبل از‬
drawings at least four weeks prior
‫تاریخ مشخص شده برای فعال‬
to the proposed date for .‫نمودن سیستم تهیه نماید‬
commencement of the work. ‫قرار دادی مکلف به تسلیمی‬ .iv
(iv) The Contractor shall submit a ‫که‬ ‫کاری‬ ‫پروگرام‬ ‫یک‬
construction program showing the ‫نشاندهنده مراحل و زمان‬
sequence and required period of ‫بندی کاری در بخش های‬
works in different sections, ‫ که‬,‫مختلف باشد میباشد‬
together with the submission of ‫این تسلیمی همزمان با‬
‫تسلیمی نقشه های کاری‬
the working drawings.
.‫میباشد‬

(b) On completion of testing, the Contractor ‫ قراردادی‬,‫) در ختم مرحله امتحان‬b(

shall make "As-Built" drawings of plans and ‫ ها‬As-Built Drawing ‫مکلف به تهیه‬
circuit diagrams, which clearly indicate any ‫ که‬Circuit Diagram ‫برای پالن ها و‬
modifications which have been made to the ‫در آن تعدیالت در اصل اسناد پروژه‬
original design. .‫به وضاحت نشان داده شده باشد‬

(c) Upon completion of the work, and as a ‫) بعد از ختم کار و بعد از قبولی‬c(
condition of its acceptance, the Contractor 3 ‫پروژه قراردادی مکلف به تهیه‬
shall supply to the Engineer three copies of a Operation and Maintenance ‫کاپی از‬
Manual for the maintenance and operation ‫ برای تمام وسایل و اجزای‬Manual

336 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

of all electrical installations and a parts list ‫برقی نصب شده می باشد که به‬
sufficient for the ordering of parts. ‫منظور حفظ و مراقبط پروژه از آن‬
.‫مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد‬

801.5 Standards and Regulations ‫ ستاندرد ها و قوانین‬801.5

(a) The work covered by this Contract shall be ‫) کار های ذکر شده در این قرار داد‬a(
carried out in accordance with the regulations ‫باید در مطابقت با قواعد ملی چون‬
issued by the local Electricity Authority and ‫ شهرداری کابل و در‬,‫ریاست برشنا‬
with the applicable international standards and ‫مطابقت با قواعد و ستاندرد های بین‬
codes of any of the followings: :‫المللی و کود های ذیل صورت بگیرد‬
ANSI : American National American National : ANSI
Standard Institute Standard Institute
ASA : American Standards American Society for : ASTM
Association
Testing Materials
ASTM : American Society for
British Standard : BS
Testing Materials
CIE : Commission Commission Internationale de : CIE
Internationale de l’Eclairage (International Commission on
l’Eclairage (International Illumination)
Commission on
International : IEC
Illumination)
IEA : International Electrical Electrotechnical Commission
Association Institute of Electrical and : IEEE
IEE : Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers (USA)
Engineers
International : ISO
ISO : International Organization
for Standardization Organization for Standardization
JIS : Japanese Industrial Japanese Industrial : JIS
Standard Standard
JEC : Japanese Electrical
Japanese Electrical : JEC
Committee
Committee
NEC : National Electrical Code
(U.S.A)
NECA : National Electrical ,‫داوطلبی‬ ‫در‬ ‫اشتراک‬ ‫از‬ ‫) قبل‬b(
Contractors "Standard of Installation" (U.S.A) ‫قراردادی مکلف به ارزیابی خویش در‬
NEMA : National Electrical ‫مقایسه با قوانین منعقده ملی و طرز‬
Manufacturers Association (U.S.A) ‫العمل کاری مواد مطلوبه مطابق به‬
.‫این قواعد به مصارف خود میباشد‬
(b) Before submitting his Bid, the Contractor must
carefully examine at his own expense all of the
Regulations issued by the local Electricity
Authority and selected materials and method
of installation shall be in accordance with these
Regulations.

337 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

The Contractor shall include in his unit price for any

changes or modification of contract documents to
ensure conformance with local regulations.

801.6 Materials ‫ مواد‬801.6

801.6.1 General
All equipment and materials to be provided shall be
new, of first quality, of current design, proven in
service, and free from defects and poor
workmanship.
All electrical parts, wire, switches and other
elements of the installations require ample
capacity to carry the required current without
excessive heating or causing an excessive drop of
potential.

801.6.2 Lighting Units ‫ واحد های چراغ‬801.6.2

(a) General ‫) عمومیات‬a(
Lighting units as shown on the Drawings shall ‫هر واحد چراغ نشانداده شده در نقشه‬
consist of lighting lanterns, lamps, electrical ,‫ چراغ ها‬,‫شامل فانوس های چراغ‬
control ballasts, mounting accessories, etc. ‫وسایل مورد نیاز برای محکم کردن‬
The Contractor shall submit for approval, ‫ و‬.‫ ها را شامل میباشد‬Control Unit
detailed street lighting panel diagrams for each ‫واحد های متذکره باید دارای مقاومت‬
type of lantern he proposes to install. ‫کافی در مقابل تغیرات اقلیمی کابل‬
.‫باشد‬
Furthermore, calculations shall be submitted
‫قرار دادی مکلف به تهیه و تسلیمی‬
showing the horizontal luminance in lux at
‫ به شکل مشرح برای‬PDB Circuit Diagram
roadway level and the luminance distribution
‫هر سرکتی از چراغ سرک برای انجنییر‬
in candela per square meter (cd/m2) for every
‫ محاسباتی که‬,‫ اظافتآ‬.‫می باشد‬
2 meter in roadway direction and every 1.2 ‫نشاندهنده ردشنایی عرضی در سرک به‬
meter across the roadway. cd/m2 ‫ و توزیع روشنایی به‬LUX ‫واحد‬
The basic luminance (lum) on the pavement of ‫ متر‬1.2 ‫ متر مسیر سرک و هر‬2 ‫در هر‬
carriageway shall not be less than 0.7cd/m2 ‫در امتداد سرک را نیز باید تهیه و‬
unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. .‫تسلیم نماید‬
‫روشنایی معمولی در خط انتقال سرک‬
(b) Street Lighting Units (Pole Mounted) Arterial ‫ برای‬0.7 cd/m2 ‫نباید کمتر از‬
Lamps for street lighting system shall be 180 ‫ برای‬0.5 cd/m2 ‫غرب و‬-‫ های شرق‬Road
watts high-pressure sodium vapor type or LED ,‫ باشد‬11 ‫ ها در ناحیه‬Collector Road
type as approved and directed by the Engineer ‫اما در صورتیکه توسط انجنییر تایید‬
with luminous flux F = 19,000 lum as shown on .‫گردد‬
the Drawings or equivalent as approved by the
Engineer. Guaranteed life time shall be not less ‫( چراغ ها‬Pole Mounting) )b(
than 12,000 hours. LED ‫چراغ های سرک باید به سیستم‬
The type of street lighting system may subject ‫بوده و دارای مشخصات ذکر شده در‬
to change. ‫نقشه ها و یا تایید شده معادل آن‬
‫ عمر ضمانت شده‬.‫توسط انجنییر باشد‬

338 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

60,000 ‫ نباید کمتر از‬LED ‫چراغ های‬

(c) Ballasts for High-Pressure Sodium Lamp or .‫ساعت باشد‬
LED lamp ‫چراغ های سرک باید دارای مقاومت‬
Ballasts for high-pressure sodium lamps shall ‫ زد‬,‫ عایق هوا‬,‫کافی بوده و عاق آب‬
be designed to properly operate the lamps of ‫زنگ و آسان برای حفظ و مراقبت به‬
the wattage as designated in the Drawings or .‫مدت تعین شده باشد‬
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
‫ این چراغ ها‬:‫) چراغ های پیاده رو ها‬c(
All ballasts shall be of low power loss and
Tabular Compact ‫جنس‬ ‫از‬ ‫باید‬
rugged mechanical and electrical construction.
‫ و از نوع زد ضربه و‬Fluorescent lamps
The ballasts shall be equipped with terminal
‫ ویا معدل آن که توسط‬Acryl ‫با پوشش‬
blocks for electrical connections.
.‫انجنییر تایید شده باشد‬
Instructions of the electrical connection and
electrical data shall be indicated on the label : LED ‫آله چرخ دهنده برقی چراغ های‬
attached to the Ballast. ‫این آله برای به راه انداختن چراغ‬
‫ها در پایه های چراغ ها همراه با‬
‫ نصب گردد و قسمی نصب‬Terminal Block
‫گردد که در جرسان حفظ و مراقبت به‬
‫ در این‬.‫ساده گی برداشته و نصب گردد‬
‫قسمت نظر انجنییر نیز مدار اعتبار‬
‫ آله های متذکره باید مطابق با‬.‫است‬
IEC 62384 “DC or ‫مشخصات ذکر شده در‬
AC supplied electronic control gear for LED
‫ ویا‬modules−Performance requirements”
‫سایر ستاندرد های بین المللی از‬
‫ وغیره قبول‬BS EN 62384, JIS 8153 ‫قبیل‬
.‫شده توسط انجنییر‬

801.6.3 Power Distribution Board (PDB) for Street 801.6.3

Lights
(a) General General )a(
The Power Distribution Board (PDB) shall be as ‫ باید مطابق‬Power Distribution Board
shown on the Drawings or as approved by the ‫نقشه ها و یا مطابق به تاییدی‬
Engineer. .‫مسولین محلی و یا انجنییر باشد‬
The PDB shall be ventilated and shall be ‫ سیسم تهویه و‬,‫ ها باید عایق آب‬PDB
substantial, free-standing structures on a ‫متکی به خود باالی تهداب کانکریتی‬
concrete foundation of which top surface shall ‫ ملی متر‬50 ‫که به ارتفاع حد اقل‬
be at least 50 mm above the footpath level. The ‫ خالیگاه‬.‫باالتر از کف پیاده رو باشد‬
‫تهویه آن باید توسط جالی بسته گردد‬
opening for ventilation shall be covered with
‫تا مانع ورود حشرات و پرندگان به‬
wire mesh to prevent insects or small animals
PDB ‫ پوشش و دروازه‬.‫ گردد‬PDB ‫داخل‬
from entering in to PDB.
‫ ملی ویا‬3.2 ‫باید مکمل از آهن چادر‬
The enclosure and door shall be made from
‫اظفه تر باشد و سایر اعضای آن از‬
fully-finished steel sheet not less than 3.2 mm
‫ ملی معه چوکات فلزی آن‬2 ‫آهن چادر‬
and 2.0mm for other part of enclosure in
‫ ولدنگ قسمت های بیرونی‬.‫ساخته شود‬
thickness with the necessary steel frames. The .‫آن باید صفا و هم سطح خود آن باشد‬
welding for all outside joints shall be smooth ‫قسمت پایینی پوشش باید دارای ضمیمه‬
finished. The enclosure shall have a bottom

339 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

design that will permit tack welding to channels ‫باشد تا در موقع نصب آن باالی تهداب‬
that shall be set on the raised concrete ‫کانکریتی نشان داده شده در نقشه از‬
foundation as shown on the Drawings. ‫ دروازه پیشروی آن‬.‫استفاده گردد‬
The PDB shall be completely assembled and ‫باید یکدست بوده و پیوند های آن در‬
wired at factory. Main and small wiring shall be ‫ در قسمت قفل‬.‫فسمت داخل آن باشد‬
easily accessible for maintenance and ‫ و نحوه بسته بندی فضای‬PDB ‫برای‬
inspection, and small wiring shall be effectively ‫ قراردادی‬,‫میتر‬ Watt-Hour ‫هور‬-‫وات‬
‫باید با مسولین محلی مشوره نموده و‬
isolated from the main wiring. The wiring
‫ های مبوط به آنرا به‬Shop Drawing
diagram, submitted for “As-Built Drawing”,
.‫انجنییر برای تاییدی تسلیم نماید‬
shall be kept inside the front door of the PDB.
‫ ها باید به طور کامل در فابریکه‬PDB
Each PDB shall have one or more nameplates
.‫بسته بندی و عالمت گذاری شده باشد‬
for identification. Nameplates shall be made of
‫لین دوانی های اصلی و فرعی باید‬
laminated plastic with white characters to ‫قسمی انجام شود که در موقع حفظ و‬
show through a black top layer when cut or ‫مراقبط و بازرسی به ساده گی قابل‬
engraved or other type of nameplate approved ‫ و لین دوانی های کوچک‬,‫دسترسی باشد‬
by the Engineer. ‫باید مجزا از لین دوانی های اصلی‬
As to the key for PDB and method of sealing for ‫ دیاگرام لین دوانی که در‬.‫باشد‬
Watt Hour Meter (WHM) space, the Contractor ‫ تسلیم گردیده باید در‬Shop Drawing
shall consult with the local electricity authority ‫ نصب‬PDB ‫قسمت بیرونی دروازه پیشروی‬
and Municipality, and submit manufacture ‫ باید دارای یک و یا‬PDB ‫ هر‬.‫گردد‬
drawing to The Engineer for approval. ‫ لوحه ها باید از‬.‫دو لوحه باشد‬
‫پالستیک متورق با حروف سفید و پس‬
(b) Components of PDBs ‫زمینه سیاه به شکل حکاکی شده ویا‬
The components of PDBs shall be designed for ‫به هر شکلی که توسط مقامات ویا‬
3-phase 4-wire, 50 Hertz operation at 380/220 .‫انجنییر تایید شده باشد‬
volts unless otherwise specified or directed by
:‫ ها‬PDB ‫) اجزای‬b(
the Power Supply Company.
‫ ها برای چراغ های سرک‬PDB ‫اجزای‬
The components shall be in accordance with
‫ هرتز در‬50 ,‫ لین‬4 ‫فاز‬-3 ‫باید با‬
the following items:
‫ وولت و برای پیاده رو های‬380/220
(i) Circuit Breakers
,‫ لین‬2 ‫زیر زمینی باید با یک فاز‬
The circuit breakers shall be molded case,
‫ وولت ویا مطابق به‬220 ‫ هرتز در‬50
air break type, rated for 600-volt A.C.
.‫هدایت شرکت برشنا دیزاین گردد‬
service. The number of pole, frame
‫ ها باید در مطابق به فقره‬PDB ‫اجزای‬
capacity and trip current value of circuit
:‫های ذیل باشد‬
breakers are shown on the drawing for
‫سرکت بریکر‬ .i
reference. These values shall be finally
‫سرکت بریکر ها باید دارای پوشش‬
decided based on the load calculation
‫ بوده‬Air Break ‫قالبی و از جنس‬
sheet for each circuit and shall be
‫ وولت جریان‬600 ‫برای ظرفیت‬
submitted to the Engineer for approval.
‫ تعداد‬.‫متناوب ساخته شده باشد‬
Brochure and datasheet of each breaker ‫ جوکات ها و اندازه‬,‫پایه ها‬
shall be submitted to the Engineer for ‫جریان مسیر سرکت بریکر ها در‬
approval and also the Contractor shall ‫ این اندازه‬.‫نفشه ها داده شده‬
confirm with the Power supply company ‫ها بالخره نظر به اوراق محاسبات‬
whether such breakers are acceptable to ‫بار برای هر سرکت تصمیم گرفته‬
them. ‫شده و باید برای تاییدی به‬

340 | S e c t i o n 8
‫‪Section 8: Utilities‬‬ ‫‪General Technical Specification‬‬

‫)‪(ii‬‬ ‫‪Control Equipment‬‬ ‫انجنییر ارسال کردد‪ .‬بروشر و‬

‫‪Multiple lighting circuits shall be‬‬ ‫داده های تخنیکی برای هر بریکر‬
‫‪controlled by automatic photo switch.‬‬ ‫باید برای تاییدی به انجنییر‬
‫‪This automatic photo switch to be‬‬ ‫ارسال کردد‪ .‬و همچنان قراردادی‬
‫‪operated 220v 50HZ and installed nearby‬‬ ‫مکلف است تا تاییدی شرکت برق‬
‫کابل را نیز در مورد بگیرد‪.‬‬
‫‪PDB as shown on Drawing. Guarantee‬‬
‫وسایل کنترولی‬ ‫‪.ii‬‬
‫‪period shall be minimum 5 years.‬‬
‫سرکت های چند گانه ای چراغ های‬
‫سرک باید توسط سوچ های اوتومات‬
‫تصویری کنترول گردد‪ .‬این سوچ‬
‫باید به اندازه ‪ 220‬وولت‪ 5-‬هرتز‬
‫بوده و در داخل ‪ PDB‬مطابق نقشه‬
‫نصب گردد‪ .‬بوشر و داده تخنیکی‬
‫سوچ های تصویری با نقشه های کاری‬
‫برای نصب باید مورد تایید‬
‫انجنییر قرار بگیرد و دوره گرنتی‬
‫آن باید حد اقل ‪ 5‬سال باشد‪.‬‬
‫رو‬ ‫پیاده‬ ‫دخولی‬ ‫های‬ ‫چراغ‬
‫زیرزمینی باید توسط سوچ های‬
‫تصویری کنترول گردیده و در جریان‬
‫روز به طور اوتومات خاموش گردد‪.‬‬
‫چراغ های داخل تونل باید به طور‬
‫‪ 24‬ساعت فعال بوده و سوچ های آن‬
‫غیر اوتومات باشد تا حفظ و‬
‫مراقبط آن به راحتی صورت بگیرد‪.‬‬
‫(‪ )c‬تهداب ها‬
‫تهداب های کانکریتی برای بدنه ‪PDB‬‬
‫باید مطابق به اندازه ها و سایز های‬
‫نقشه ویا طبق هدایت انجنییر باشد‪.‬‬
‫تمام جزیات کانکریت و سیخ بندی برای‬
‫تهداب باید در مطابقت با بخش‪" 4-‬کار‬
‫کانکریت ریزی" این طرزالعمل و یا‬
‫طبق هدایت انجنییر باشد‪.‬‬

‫‪801.6.4 Lighting Poles‬‬ ‫‪ 801.6.4‬پایه های چراغ های سرک‬

‫‪(a) Lighting Poles‬‬ ‫(‪ )a‬پایه های چراغ های سرک‬
‫‪Lighting poles shall be of galvanized steel, in‬‬ ‫پایه های چراغ های سرک باید از جنس‬
‫‪accordance with the details shown on the‬‬ ‫فوالد نقره ای شده مطابق نقشه و به‬
‫‪Drawings, as outlined herein and in accordance‬‬ ‫شکل مخروطی به اندهزه های داده شده‬
‫‪with the requirements of Clause 902 “Surface‬‬ ‫در نقشه و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
‫‪Treatment of Steel” of these Specifications.‬‬ ‫باشد‪ .‬پوشش نقره ای پایه ها در‬
‫‪The lighting poles shall be straight and taper or‬‬ ‫مطابقت به سکشن‪" 6-‬ساختمان فوالدی"‬
‫این طرزالعمل باشد‪.‬‬
‫‪conical type, and 12m height for both single-‬‬
‫تمام مواد باید به رنگ طبیعی بوده‬
‫‪light and double-light types.‬‬
‫و در آن از مواد و یا رنگ های غیر‬
‫‪All materials shall be in natural color and shall‬‬
‫طبیعی استفاده نگردیده باشد‪ .‬تمام‬
‫‪not be painted or coated with any other‬‬

‫‪341 | S e c t i o n 8‬‬
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

material. All pole items shall be of galvanized ‫اجرای پایه باید از جنس فوالد نقره‬
steel and all hardware shall be of galvanized .‫ای شده باشد‬
steel. Scratches, marks, dents or other ‫ خطوط به وجود‬,‫ نشانه ها‬,‫خراشیدگی‬
damages to poles and fittings will be cause for ‫آمده در روی پایه باعث رد قبولی آن‬
rejection. Any marks or stains resulting from ‫ تمام نشانه ها و یا صدمه‬.‫میگردد‬
‫های به وجود آمده در اثر انقال و‬
wrapping materials shall be removed.
.‫یا بسته بندی باید پاک کاری گردد‬
All poles and attachments shall be individually
‫تمام پایه ها و ملحقات آن باید به‬
wrapped and, in addition, shall be packed for ‫شکل جداگانه بسته بندی گردد و در‬
shipping in groups with suitable form fitting. ‫باید داشت تا اشیای مسابه را در یک‬
Poles shall be wrapped, packed and shipped to .‫بسته با هم یکجا بسته بندی نمود‬
the job site with a minimum of reloading ‫پایه ها به صورت بسته بندی شده گی‬
between points of origin and destination. ‫ در انتقاالت‬.‫به ساحه انتقال گردد‬
Packing not in conformance with this provision ‫تا حد ممکن باید از دوباره بارگیری‬
shall be cause for rejection of poles and/or ‫ بسته بندی‬.‫به ساحه جلوگیری گردد‬
attachment. All loading and unloading of poles ‫هاییکه مطابق به هدایات فوق نباشد‬
and attachment .shall be under the supervision ‫ انتقاالت و‬.‫قابل قبول نمیباشد‬
of the manufacturer and/or Contractor. All ‫دوباره بارگیری باید تحت نظر تولید‬
.‫کننده و یا قرار دادی صورت بگیرد‬
miscellaneous required to complete the project
‫تمام اجزای دیگر مورد ضرورت برای‬
shall be standard material manufactured for
‫با‬ ‫برابر‬ ‫باید‬ ‫پروژه‬ ‫تکمیلی‬
pole construction. All metal parts shall be hot
‫ تمام‬.‫ستاندرد تولید پایه ها باشد‬
dip galvanized. All poles supplied shall be of the ‫اجزای فوالدی پایه باید از جنس جوش‬
anchor base type , and shall have a cast steel ‫ تمام پایه‬.‫فوالد گلونایزد شده باشد‬
anchor base fitted over the shaft and secured ‫های تهیه شده باید دارای سپر پایینی‬
with two circumferential welds. Also suitable ‫بوده و باید در مطابقت با شافت پایه‬
anchor bolts with double nuts, and washer and ‫ریخت شده و در دو قسمت پیوست شده‬
leveling nut with washer to be supplied for ‫ و همچنان بولت های مناسب با‬.‫باشد‬
every pole. ‫ واشل و نت برای هر‬,‫نت های دوگانه‬
The position of lighting pole and foundation ‫ موقعیت پایه‬.‫پایه در نظر گرفته شود‬
indicated on the drawing is tentative plan. ‫چراغ ها و تهداب های آن ها که در‬
Accordingly after the detail site survey The ‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده به اساس‬
‫ و قرار دادی‬.‫دیزاین اولویه میباشد‬
Contractor shall prepare shop drawings by
‫بعد از سروی ساحوی مکلف به تهیه‬
which the exact position of poles to be
‫نقشه های کاری که نشاندهنده موقعیت‬
allocated, then submit them to The Engineer
‫ مشخصات تهداب ها و‬,‫دقیق پایه ها‬
for approval ‫ این نقشه ها قبل‬.‫سپر ها میباشد است‬
Position of hand hole (opening) and cover plate ‫از تطبیق در ساحه مورد تایید‬
for the terminal connection on pole shall be ‫ و همچنان‬.‫انجنییر قرار بگیرد‬
approved by the Engineer. Identification plates ‫ ها و پوشش وصله های‬Hand Hole ‫موقعیت‬
shall be attached to each lighting pole. ‫نهایی باید توست انجنییر مورد‬
The Contractor shall submit the drawing ‫های‬ ‫لوحه‬ .‫بگیرد‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫تایید‬
mentioned the material, way of description, ‫شناسایی باید در هر یک از پایه چراغ‬
fixing method, position of this Identification ‫ها نصب گردیده و قراردادی باید نقشه‬
plate to the Engineer for approval. ‫ طریقه درست‬,‫ طریقه شرح‬,‫های ذکر شده‬
‫کردن آن و موقعیت این لوحه ها را‬
(b) Foundations ‫برای تاییدی به انجنییر ارسال‬
.‫بدارد‬
Concrete foundations for lighting poles and

342 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

pedestals of PDB shall be of grade C24 or as ‫) تهداب ها‬b(

shown on the Drawings. All details of concrete ‫تهداب های کانکریتی برای پایه چراغ‬
and reinforcement for foundations shall ‫ها باید به اندازه و سایز نشانداده‬
conform to the applicable requirements of ‫شده در نقشه و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
Section 4 “Concrete Works” of this ‫ تمام جزیات کانکریت و سیخ‬.‫باشد‬
Specification and shall be submitted to The ‫بندی برای تهداب باید در مطابقت با‬
Engineer for approval. ‫ "کار کانکریت ریزی" این‬4-‫بخش‬
‫طرزالعمل و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
‫باشد‬

801.6.5 Cable, Grounding, Splices and Conduit ‫ پیوند ها و لوله‬,‫ آرت‬,‫ کیبل‬801.6.5
‫ها‬
(a) Wiring for Lighting ‫) سیم برای چراغ ها‬a(
All cables to be used for street lighting shall be ‫تمام کیبل ها برای چراغ های سرک‬
of the XLPE PVC (Cross linked polyethylene ‫ ویا تایید شده‬XLPE PVC ‫باید از جنس‬
insulated PVC sheathed cable, IEC 502, JIS4418 ‫ کیبل ها در پایه ها‬.‫انجنییر باشد‬
B or equivalent) type or as instructed by the ‫باید از طریق پایپ های تهیه شده در‬
Engineer. Cables shall be pulled into a pole -‫تهداب ها کشیده شده و در ترمینال‬
through pipes prepared in the foundation of ‫ تمام پایه‬.‫بالک در پایه وصل گردد‬
the pole, and shall be connected to the 10AMP- ‫ها باید شامل سرکت بریکر های‬
terminal block in the terminal box installed in ‫ تایید شده توسط انجنییر بوده و‬2P
‫قسمی نصب گردد تا در قسمی نصب گردد‬
the pole.
.‫ قابل دسترس باشد‬Hand Hole ‫تا در‬
All poles shall include an approved miniature
‫کیبل های نصب شده در پایه باید‬
circuit breaker rated at 2P-10amperes, 500
‫ ملی (قسمیکه در‬2.5 ‫دارای دو هادی‬
volts, installed in each pole and accessible
.‫بخش کیبل و سیم ذکر گردیده) باشد‬
through the hand hole of the pole.
‫کیبل ها باید به صورت درست به فانوس‬
Cables installed in the pole shall have two ‫متوصل باشد تا ترمینال های فانوس‬
conductors of 2.5 mm as prescribed in "Cable ‫ کیبل های چراغ‬.‫وزن را متحمل نشود‬
and Wire" herein. Cables shall be adequately ‫ها باید مطابق به نقشه تایید شده‬
attached to the lantern so that lantern .‫انجنییر باشد‬
terminals shall be free from carrying their
weights. ‫) کیبل و سیم‬b(
Street lighting cables shall be laid based on the ‫تمام کیبل ها باید دارای ظرفیت تعین‬
drawings approved by The Engineer ‫ چه این سیم ها به‬,‫شده ولتاج باشد‬
‫شکل باز و یا در لوله های انتقالی‬
(b) Cable and Wire ‫ و در شرایط انتقال جریان‬,‫باشد‬
All cables shall be suitable for operation at the ‫ظرفیت تحمل حالت اعظمی حرارت تولید‬
‫شده را داشته باشد که حرارت تولید‬
specified voltage in open, duct or conduit,
‫شده در اثر انتقال در این حالت به‬
under the condition of the maximum
.‫ درجه سانتی گراد تعین گردیده‬70
conductor operating temperature which at
‫اندازه هدایت هر کیبل باید مطابق‬
rated current shall be less than 70 degrees C.
‫به بار های حقیقی محاسبه شده بوده‬
Conductor size of each cable shall be calculated ‫تا از تغیر ولتاج از اثر بلند رفتن‬
according to the actual load in order to prevent ‫نسبت تصریح شده توسط قوانین محلی‬
voltage drop from exceeding the stipulated ‫جلوگیری گردد و این محاسبات برای‬

343 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

ratio based on the regulation of Power supply ‫ در‬.‫تاییدی به انجنییر فرستاده شود‬
company. Such calculation sheet shall be ‫صورت عدم موجودیت چنین قوانین‬
submitted to the Engineer for approval. In case ‫ فیصد‬5 ‫تغیرات ولتاج باید کمتر از‬
such regulation is not available voltage drop .‫از ولتاج ستاندرد باشد‬
shall be less than 5% of standard voltage. ‫رنگ کیبل ها باید مطابق به رنگ کود‬
Cable colors shall comply with color code ‫های استندرد ارگان های مربوطه و‬
‫ کیبل ها‬.‫تاییدی انجنییر قرار گیرد‬
standards of Afghanistan or as specified or as
‫باید توسط کارتن های چوبی(که مسترد‬
directed by The Engineer.
‫نمیگردد) به ساحه انتقال گردیده و‬
Cables shall be delivered to the Site on
‫هر کارتن دارای مارک به روی آن که‬
substantial non-returnable wooden drums, ‫ طول‬,‫ سریال نمبر‬,‫در آن وزن کلی‬
each bearing a securely fixed label stating gross .‫کیبل و دیگر مشخصات باشد‬
weight, serial number, length of cable and ‫کارتن ها باید توسط پوش به منظور‬
other description. ‫تامین سالمت کیبل ها پوشش گردیده تا‬
Covers shall be provided around the periphery ‫در جریان انتقاالت صدمه نبیند و قسمت‬
of the drum in order to protect the cable in ‫داخلی کیبل ها باید به طور درست‬
transit and the inner cable end shall be ‫توسط محافظ آهنی و یا دیگر مواد‬
adequately protected by a metal guard or other ‫ هر دو انجام کیبل باید‬.‫محافظت گردد‬
approved means. Both ends of the cable shall ‫به صورت درست عایق گردد تا مانع‬
be sealed by a suitable method to prevent the .‫عبور آب به داخل آن گردد‬
‫تمام کیبل ها در داخل پایه چراغ‬
entrance of moisture.
‫باید دارای دو هادی در هر فانوس‬
All cables inside of the lighting pole shall have
6 ‫ هادی ها باید دارای حد اقل‬.‫باشد‬
two conductors per lantern.
‫ملی متر مربع مساحت مقطع برای‬
Conductors shall have a minimum cross-
.‫استفاده در زیر زمین را داشته باشد‬
sectional area of 6mm2 for use in underground ‫تمام کیبل ها باید تست شده و تایید‬
installations. ‫شده شرکت برق کابل قبل از تسلیمی‬
All cables to be used shall be tested and .‫به انجنییر باشد‬
approved by the Power supply company or
Kabul Municipality prior to The Engineer's ‫) لین آرت‬c(
approval. ‫ باید‬PDB ‫پایه های فوالدی و پوشش های‬
‫به صورت درست از لحاظ میخانیکی و‬
(c) Grounding ‫برقی بسته شده و باید در مطابقت با‬
Steel poles and PDB enclosures shall be made ‫ و هر پایه‬,‫کود های استندرد باشد‬
mechanically and electrically secure to form a .‫به شکل انفرادی آرت شده باشد‬
continuous system, and shall be effectively ‫ ملی‬10 ‫اندازه سیم آرت باید حد اقل‬
grounded in accordance with local regulation ‫ و یا تایید‬BCC ‫متر مربع و از جنس‬
or as directed by the Power supply company. ‫شده مقامات مربوطه محل و یا انجنییر‬
Bonding and grounding jumpers shall be ‫ راد های آرت باید با پوشش مس‬.‫باشد‬
copper wire of the same cross-sectional area ‫ ملی‬1500 ‫ طول‬,‫ ملی‬10 ‫و دارای قطر‬
for all systems. ‫ متر در زیر زمین و لحیم‬1.2 ‫و عمق‬
‫شده در حرارت یا وصل شده توسط جاینت‬
The bonding of all lighting poles and PDB
.‫ ملی باشد‬10 ‫به سیم آرت‬
enclosures to form ground system shall be in
‫قرار دادی باید ساحه را تحت بررسی‬
accordance with applicable code standards.
‫قرارداده و مقاومت آرت در ساحه را‬
Each lighting pole shall be individually
,‫ بعد از اخذ داده ها‬.‫بررسی نماید‬
grounded. ‫قراردادی باید تاییدی مقامات محلی‬
Size of grounding wire shall be minimum 10

344 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

mm2 Bare Copper Conductor (BCC) or as ‫و انجنییر را قبل از نصب به دست‬

approved by the electrical power supply ‫ اوم یا‬5 ‫ مقاومت آرت باید‬.‫آورد‬
company and the Engineer. .‫کمتر و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
Ground rods shall be copper coated minimum ‫مشخصات نقاط آرت برای تاییدی به‬
10 mm dia. x 1,500 mm in length, depth 1.2 .‫انجنییر ارسال گردد‬
meter below finished grade and thermo-
welded or connected using connection ‫) پیوند های وسایل برقی‬d(
‫پیوند ها باید ساخته در فشار بلند‬
hardware to the 10 mm2 grounding wire.
‫و بدون لحیم باشند تا نقطه وصله را‬
The Contractor shall investigate each site and
‫به صورت درست ار لحاظ میخانیکی و‬
measure the grounding resistance of the sites.
‫ یک الک ایپوکسی‬.‫برقی پیوند نماید‬
After taking the data, the Contractor shall ‫ریخته شده به منظور عایق کاری در‬
obtain approval of the Power supply company ‫قالب های پالستیکی به شکل صفا و درست‬
and the Engineer before installation. ‫انجام شود و مواد استفاده شده باید‬
The grounding resistance shall be 5 ohms or ‫ مواد که‬.‫تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
less, or as approved by the Power supply ‫مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد باید‬
company and the Engineer. JIS C-2804, C-2805, C- ‫مطابق مقتضیات‬
Details of all grounding points shall be ‫ و یا سایر کود های مرتبطه به‬2806
submitted to the Engineer for approval. ‫ نوار هاییکه به منظور عایق‬.‫آن باشد‬
‫کاری پیوند ها استفاده میگردد باید‬
(d) Electrical Splice Materials ‫ و یا‬JIS C-2334 ‫مطابق به مقتضیات‬
Splices shall be made with pressure type .‫سایر کود های مربوطه باشد‬
solderless connectors to securely joint the ‫ و‬Hand Hole ‫پیوند کیبل ها در داخل‬
wires both mechanically and electrically. ‫ قابل قبول بوده در صورتیکه‬Manhole
An epoxy resin, cast type insulation shall be .‫تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
formed in clear plastic molds. The material to ‫) لوله های انتقالی‬e(
be used shall be approved by the Engineer. ‫ روی کار و یا‬,‫لوله ها در زیر کار‬
‫در سطح ساختمان نصب شده و باید از‬
Materials to be used for the work shall conform
‫ و‬Corrugated Hard Polyethylene Pipe ‫جنس‬
to the requirements of JIS C 2804, C 2805 and
‫ و یا معادل‬JIS C-3653 ‫در مطابقت با‬
C 2806, or other international codes and
‫ پایپ های نصب شده در زیر‬.‫آن باشد‬
standards approved by the Engineer.
‫کار حیثیت لوله را داشته و در‬
Insulating tape when specified for use in splice
‫ لوله های‬.‫ باشد‬802 ‫مطابقت به ماده‬
formation shall conform to JIS C 2336 or other
‫که در داخل کانکریت میگردد باید از‬
international codes and standards.
‫ و‬Corrugated Hard Polyethylene Pipe ‫جنس‬
Cable splicing point is allowed inside Hand Hole
‫ و یا معادل‬JIS C-3653 ‫در مطابقت با‬
or Manhole only and shall be approved by the ‫ لوله هاییکه در پیاده رو‬.‫آن باشد‬
Engineer. ‫های زیرزمینی استفاده میگردد باید‬
JIS ‫پایپ فوالدی سخت و در مطابقت با‬
(e) Conduit Pipe .‫ و یا معادل آن باشد‬C-8309
Conduit pipe to be installed below ground, ‫) بکس های برقی‬f(
above ground or on the surface of structures
shall be Corrugated Hard Polyethylene Pipe ‫بکس های برقی که در پیاده رو های‬
conform to JIS C 3653 or equivalent. Conduit ‫زیرزمینی استفاده میگردد عایق هوا‬
‫و زد جوش بوده و مورد تایید انجنییر‬
pipes installed below ground are termed as
.‫قرار گیرد‬
ducts and are dealt with in Clause 802.
Conduit to be embedded in concrete shall also

345 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

be Corrugated Hard Polyethylene Pipe conform

to JIS C 3653 or equivalent

801.6.6 Modification of Existing Systems ‫ تغیر سیستم موجوده‬801.6.6

(a) Removing ‫) بر طرف کردن‬a(
The Contractor shall remove existing materials ‫بر طرف کردن مواد از قبیل پایه ها‬
such as lighting pole and lanterns, PDB, traffic ‫ چراغ های ترافیکی‬, PDB ,‫و فانوس ها‬
signals, etc. which will obstruct the ‫و غیره که تداخل در ساحه پروژه دارد‬
construction of the works, in accordance with ‫در مطابفت با شاروالی کابل و یا طبق‬
the instruction by the Engineer. ‫هدایت نقشه و انجنییر مربوطه صورت‬
Method statement for the removal of existing ‫ اگر انجنییر هدایت تهیه‬.‫بگیرد‬
‫برنامه برای بر طرف کردن چراغ های‬
street lighting shall be submitted for the
‫موجوده را میدهد این برنامه باید‬
Engineer's approval after obtaining consensus
‫توسط قرار دادی تهیه و مورد تایید‬
with the local Authority and prior to carrying
‫انجنییر قرار گرفته و به هماهنگی‬
out the removing works. .‫با مقامات محلی از ساحه بیرون گردد‬
On completion of removal works, all holes shall ‫بعد از ختم برنامه ساحه پاک کاری‬
be filled and the area left clean and tidy, all to ‫گردیده تا قناعت انجنییر از آن حاصل‬
the satisfaction of the Engineer. ‫ تمام مواد اضافی و بر طرف شده‬.‫گردد‬
All useless materials removed, such as lanterns ‫ فانوس ها و غیره‬,‫از قبیل پایه ها‬
and ballasts, poles, traffic signals, cables, ‫توسط قراردادی به مکان تعین شده‬
conduits, etc. shall be dumped or delivered by .‫استفاده گردد‬
The Contractor to a specified store.
‫) تغیر مکان‬b(
(b) Relocation ‫بخشی از مواد برطرف شده باید در‬
Part of the existing materials removed shall be ‫مطابقت به نقشه ها و یا هدایت‬
‫ تمام‬.‫انجنییر تغیر مکان داده شود‬
relocated in accordance with the Drawings
‫تغیر مکان ها باید در مطابقت به‬
and/or as established by the Engineer.
‫طرزالعمل هذا و به قسم کار تخنیکی‬
All relocation shall be carried out by the same
‫ قبل از‬.‫مواد مورد نیاز صورت گیرد‬
means of construction as additional furnished ‫ترمیم دوباره هر یک از چراغ پایه‬
materials in the works as required in these ‫ها یا صفحه کنترول که قابل دسترس‬
Specifications. ‫می باشد پاک و صفا کاری گردیده و‬
Prior to re-fixing any lighting pole or control ‫ الیه رنگ از جنس زنک زد زنگ طبق‬3 ‫با‬
panel, accessible surfaces shall be rubbed or ‫ اگر کدام‬.‫هدایت انجنییر رنگ گردد‬
brushed clean of all rust, etc. and painted with ‫صدمه و یا ضربه در جریان انتقال به‬
3 coats of zinc based rust-preventing paint as ‫ مواد متذکره تبدیل و‬,‫مواد میرسد‬
specified by the Engineer. ‫یا ترمیم به طبع دلخواه مقامات محلی‬
If there are any dents or other damage to .‫و انجنییر گردد‬
materials during the relocation, the material
shall be replaced with the same kind, or
repaired to the satisfaction of the local
Authority and the Engineer.

801.7 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬801.7

(a) General ‫) عمومیات‬a(
All workmanship shall be complete and in ‫تمام ساخت و ساز ها باید مطابق به‬

346 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

accordance with the latest accepted standards ،‫آ خرین معیار های قبول شده صنعتی‬
of the industry, as determined by the local ‫که توسط مسّولین محلی و انجینیر تعین‬
Authority and the Engineer. Installation of duct, ‫ نصب لوله‬.‫ انجام شود‬،‫می گردد‬
construction of manholes, and excavation for ‫ ها و‬Manhole ‫ ساخت وساز‬،)duct(‫هادی‬
cable or duct track, shall be in accordance with ‫ باید‬،‫ ها‬duct ‫کندنکاری برای مسیر‬
Clause 802. .‫ صورت بگیرد‬802 ‫مطابق به ماده‬

(b) Excavating and Backfilling :‫) کندنکاری و پرکاری‬b(

The excavation and backfilling required for the ‫کندنکاری و پرکاری مورد نیاز برای‬
‫ پایه ها و دیگر‬،‫نصب تهداب ها‬
installation of foundations, poles and other
‫تجهیزات باید مطابق به مقتضیات‬
appliances shall be performed in accordance
‫ اما در تادیات‬،‫ اجرا گردند‬802 ‫ماده‬
with the requirements of Clause 802, but will
‫ هزینه این چنین‬.‫شامل نمی باشد‬
not be measured for payment. The cost of such
‫کارها در قیمتِ پرداخت شده برای نصب‬
works will be deemed to be included in the unit ‫و دور نمودنِ فی واحد جنس شامل خواهد‬
price of the pay item being installed or .‫بود‬
removed.
:‫) تهداب ها‬c(
(c) Foundations ِ‫تهداب ها باید توسط سمنت کانکریت‬
Foundations shall be constructed of Portland ‫ نباشد‬C18 ‫که کیفیت آن کمتر از‬
cement concrete Grade C24, unless otherwise ‫ مگر اینکه در نقشه ها‬،‫ساخته شود‬
noted on the Drawings and all details shall ‫از آن تذکر یافته باشد و تمام جزیات‬
meet the applicable requirements of Section 10 ‫مطابق به مقتضیات مربوطه این‬
of the Specifications. The bottom of concrete ‫قسمت پایینی تهداب‬.‫طرزلعمل باشد‬
foundations shall rest on firm ground. ِ‫های کانکریتی باید باالی زمین‬
Foundations shall be poured in one pour where ‫ تهداب ها باید‬.‫مستهکم قرار بگیرد‬
‫ قسمت‬.‫تا حد ممکن یکجا ریخت گردد‬
practicable. The exposed portions shall be
‫های قابل رویت باید قالب کاری شود‬
formed to present a neat appearance. The
.‫تا از ظاهر مرتب برخوردار گردد‬
dimensions and the details of the foundations
‫ابعاد و جزیات تهداب ها باید در‬
shall be determined in consultation with the ‫مشوره با تهیه کننده پایه های برق‬
supplier of the lighting pole considering the ‫با در نظر داشت قوه باد و شرایط‬
wind load and ground conditions. Forms shall ‫ قالب ها باید‬.‫زمین تعین گردد‬
be true to line and grade. Tops of foundations ‫ قسمت‬.‫مستقیم الخط و مسطحه باشند‬
for poles, except special foundations, shall be ‫ به‬،‫باالیی تهداب ها برای پایه ها‬
finished based on the approved drawing unless ‫ باید‬،‫استثنای تهداب های مخصوص‬
otherwise directed by the Engineer. ‫یید شده تکمیل‬ُ‫مطابق به نقشه های تا‬
Forms shall be rigid and securely braced in ‫ مگر اینکه توسط انجنیر هدایت‬،‫گردد‬
place. Conduit ends and anchor bolts shall be .‫داده شود‬
placed in proper position and to proper height, ‫قالب ها باید سفت بوده و به طور‬
‫ قسمت های اخیر سیم‬.‫ُون محکم گردند‬
‫مص‬
and shall be held in place by means of a
‫) و انکر بولت ها باید‬conduit(‫پوش‬
template until concrete sets.
‫در موقعیت مناسب و ارتفاع مناسب جا‬
Plumbing of poles shall be accomplished by
‫ وباید به مثابه یک‬،‫به جا گردند‬
adjusting leveling nuts. Shims or other similar
‫قالب تا هنگام جا به جایی کانکریت‬
devices for plumbing or raking will not be .‫محکم نگهداشته شود‬
permitted. ‫نلدوانی پایه ها باید توسط تنظیم‬
Both forms and ground which will be in contact

347 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

with the concrete shall be thoroughly ‫) انجام‬nuts(‫نمودنِ میزان مهره ها‬

moistened before placing concrete. Forms shall ‫) ویا اسباب‬shims( ‫ واشر ها‬.‫شود‬
not be removed until the concrete has set at ‫مشابه دیگر برای نلدوانی ویا رتبه‬
least 3 days. .‫بندی مجاز نخواهد بود‬
Where obstructions prevent construction of ‫قالب ها و زمین که با کانکریت در‬
planned foundations, the Contractor shall ‫تماس خواهند بود قبل از جا به جایی‬
construct an effective foundation, satisfactory .‫کانکریت باید گامالً مرطوب گردند‬
to the Engineer. ‫ روز از جا‬3 ‫قالب ها نباید قبل از‬
.‫به جایی کانکریت دور ساخته شوند‬
Prefabricated concrete foundation will be
‫در صورتیکه موانع مانع ساخت و ساز‬
ِ
accepted if necessary data and drawings are
‫ قراردادی‬،‫ِ نظر گردد‬
‫تهداب های مورد‬
submitted prior to the production to the
،‫باید یک تهداب موثر را بنا نماید‬
Engineer for approval .‫که برای انجینیر رضایت بخش باشد‬

(d) Conduit :(Conduit) ‫) مجرای سیم‬d(

Conduit to be used to protect underground ‫ های که به منظور محافظت‬Conduit
cable shall be Corrugated Hard Polyethylene ،‫کیبل های زیر زمینی استفاده میشود‬
pipe, JIS C 3653 or equivalent. ‫باید از نوع پایپ پولی ایتلینِ سفت‬
Conduit shall be laid to have the depth ‫ ویا معادل آن‬JIS C 3653 ِ ‫و موجدار‬
minimum 600mm from the finished level of .‫باشد‬
footpath as shown on the drawing. The conduit ‫ باید طوری جا به جا گردد که‬Conduit
crossing under the carriageway shall have at ‫ ملی متر عمق از سطح‬600 ‫حد اقل‬
least 1200mm cover from the road surface ،‫تکمیل شده ای پیاده رو داشته باشد‬
unless appropriate protection approved by the ‫که در نقشه ها نیز نشان داده شده‬
Engineer is provided. ‫ های که از قسمت پایین‬Conduit .‫است‬
Prior to the installation of conduit under the ‫موتر رو ها عبور می کند باید حد اقل‬
footpath, protection sand bed of 100 mm thick ‫ ملی متر پوشش از سطح سرک داشته‬1200
to be laid and another 100 mm thick protection ‫ِ مناسب‬ ‫ مگر اینکه تدابیر‬،‫باشد‬
sand to be applied on the conduit after conduit ‫ه انجینیر باشد‬ُ‫محافظتی که تایید شد‬
.‫تامین گردد‬
laying work completed.
‫ِ پیاده‬‫قبل از نصب لوله ها در زیر‬
Then back filling to be started and as shown on
100 ‫ریگ محافظتی به ذخامت‬، ‫رو ها‬
the drawing, warning tape to be laid
‫ و همچنان‬.‫ملی متر باید هموار گردد‬
approximately 300 mm above the conduit.
‫ ملی متر ریگ محافظتی دیگر بعد‬100
The warning tape shall be yellow or orange
‫از تکمیل شدن کار نصب لوله ها باالی‬
color PVC film on which some warning word .‫آن استعمال گردد‬
such as “Caution” under this tape electric ‫ً پرکاری باید آغاز گردد و‬ ‫متعاقبا‬
power cables are running etc. to be printed. ،‫قسمیکه در نقشه نشان داده شده است‬
Sample or brochure for the warning tape shall ‫ ملی متر باالتر‬300 ‫فیته هوشدار باید‬
be submitted to the Engineer for approval. .‫از لوله نصب گردد‬
Installation of conduit shall be performed in PVC ‫فیته هوشدار باید از نوع نوار‬
accordance with these Specifications and in ‫به رنگ زرد و نارنجی باشد که در آن‬
reasonably close conformity with the locations ‫بعضی کلماتِ هوشدار مثل " احتیاط‬
as specified in the Drawings or as directed by ‫ " هوشدار برق" و غیره به‬،"‫برق‬
the Engineer. ‫منظور آگاهی دهی این که در قسمت‬
The size of conduit used shall be shown on the ‫پایین کیبل های برق موقعیت دارد‬
working Drawings. .‫پرنت گردد‬

348 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

Conduit less than 30mm in diameter shall not ‫نمونه و بروشور برای نوار های هشدار‬
be used unless otherwise specified. ‫باید برای انجینیر به منظور تاییدی‬
The ends of all conduits shall be well reamed to ‫ نصب لوله ها در مطابقت‬.‫ارسال گردد‬
remove burrs and rough edges. Field cuts shall ‫به طرزالعمل هذا و با دقت الزم در‬
be made square and true so that the ends will ‫موقعیت های نشان داده شده در نقشه‬
‫ها ویا طبق هدایت انجنییر صورت‬
butt or come together for the full
.‫گیرد‬
circumference thereof. Genuine manufacture
‫اندازه لوله های که مورد استفاده‬
made joining sleeve shall be used according to ‫قرار میگیرد در نقشه ها نشان داده‬
the instruction manual to connect conduit. All .‫شده است‬
conduit ends shall be capped with standard ‫ ملی‬30 ‫لوله های با قطر کمتر از‬
waterproof cap until wiring is started. Before ‫مورد استفاده قرار نگیرد مگر اینکه‬
cables pulled into conduits each ends shall be .‫در مورد آن ذکر گردیده باشد‬
provided with approved conduit bushings or ‫انجام های لوله ها باید به صورت‬
bell mouth. Conduit end shall be extend at least ‫درست باز بوده تا از موجودیت مواد‬
150 mm from the top of foundations and the ‫اضافی و بیگانه به درستی پاک کاری‬
other end of conduit shall be at least 80 cm ‫ قطع کاری ها باید به شکل‬.‫گردد‬
below the top of foundations to extend the ‫مربعی و درست در انجام ها بوده تا‬
conduit to next pole or PDB. ‫موقع پیوست نمودن به درستی انجام‬
Suitable markers shall be set at the ends of ‫ رو کش های تولید شده کمپنی‬.‫شود‬
‫برای برای پیوست لوله ها در مطابقت‬
conduits which are covered so that they may be
‫ انجام‬.‫به طرزالعمل آن انجام شود‬
easily located.
‫های لوله ها با پوش های زد آب به‬
A galvanized or PVC coated pull wire shall be
‫صورت درست الی موقع لین دوانی بسته‬
installed in all conduits for pulling cable. At ‫ صبل از کشیدن کیبل ها در بین‬.‫گردد‬
least 600 mm of pull wire shall be looped and ‫لوله انجام های کیبل ها باید استر‬
fixed to the conduit end for not pulled into ‫قابل قبول زده شده و یا کم پهن‬
conduit by being pulled from opposite side. ‫ انجام های لوله باید به‬.‫گردد‬
‫ ملی از باالیی تهداب و‬150 ‫اندازه‬
(e) Wire ‫ سانتی‬80 ‫انجام دیگر آن به اندازه‬
Wiring shall conform to appropriate code ‫پایینتر از قسمت باالیی تهداب به‬
requirements. Wiring within PDB, street light ‫منظور تمدید آن به پایه بعدی پ د ب‬
pole, manholes, hand holes etc. shall be neatly .‫باشد‬
arranged and within PDB shall be laced. ‫نشانه های مناسب در کناره های مسیر‬
Splicing of conductors will be permitted only at ‫حمل و نقل در زیر لوله های انتقالی‬
manholes or hand holes. ‫که منظور موقعیت گذاری آن به شکل‬
.‫ساده پوشش شده نصب گردد‬
‫یک طناب گلونایز شده و یا پی وی سی‬
(f) Power supply points
‫به منظور کشیدن کیبل ها باید نصب‬
Prior to the preparation of design drawings the
‫ ملی متر از طناب‬60 ‫ حد اقل‬.‫گردد‬
Contractor shall execute the detail site survey
‫باید حلقه شده و محکم شده در لوله‬
in coordination with the power supply ‫باشد تا در کشیدن از جانب دیگر داخل‬
company, Municipality and the Engineer to .‫لوله نگردد‬
determine the exact location of power supply ‫) سیم‬e(
points.
Unless otherwise noted on the Drawings, each ‫لین دوانی باید در مطابقت با کود‬
‫ لین دوانی در داخل‬.‫های مربوطه باشد‬
service point shall include a meter space in
‫ من‬,‫ پایه های چراغ سرک‬,‫پی دی بی‬
accordance with serving utility requirements, 4

349 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

pole circuit breaker noted on the Drawings, the ‫ و غیره باید‬,‫ اند هول ها‬,‫هول ها‬
necessary conduit risers and grounding ‫به صورت درست تنطیم و در خو پی دی‬
assembly. ‫ پیوند کاندکتور ها‬.‫بی محکم گردد‬
In general, all multiple lighting will be 220 volts, ‫صرف در داخل من هول ها و اند هول‬
50 Hz as noted on the Drawings. .‫ها قابل اجرا میباشد‬
The Contractor shall prepare all drawings
‫) نقاط توزیع برق‬f(
required and all necessary documentation for
‫قبل از تهیه هر نوع نقشه قرادادی‬
the application for the service connection
‫مکلف است تا سروی ساحوی را به راه‬
which shall be submitted to the Engineer. The
‫با هماهنگی با شرکت برشنا و شاروالی‬
Engineer shall then, upon request of the ‫کابل به راه انداخته تا موقعیت دقیق‬
Contractor, make arrangements with the .‫نقاط اثبات گردد‬
serving utility to complete the service ‫مگر اینکه در نقشه ها ذکر گردیده‬
connections. ‫ هر نقطه باید شامل یک فضای‬,‫باشد‬
The serving utility connection costs and ‫هور میتر در‬-‫به جا مانده برای وات‬
consumed power for testing will be charged to 4 ,‫مطابقت با تاسیسات مورد خدمت‬
the Contractor. However once handed over ‫پایه سرکت بریکر نشان داده شده در‬
street light system to Municipality after ‫ باال بر های مورد نیاز برای‬,‫نقشه‬
commissioning, the amount of electrical ‫لوله و مواد مورد نیاز به آرت‬
energy consumption will be charged to .‫نمودن‬
Municipality. ‫ تمام چراغ های دوگانه‬,‫به طور کلی‬
‫ هرتز نشان داده شده در‬50 ,‫ وولت‬220
(g) Field Test .‫نقشه باشد‬
‫قراردادی مکلف است تا تمام نقشه ها‬
Prior to completion of the work, The Contractor
‫و اسناد مورد نیاز برای تطبیق این‬
shall execute the following tests on all street
‫فعالیت را برای تاییدی به انجنییر‬
lighting circuits, in the presence of the local
‫ که بعدآ انجنییر نظر‬.‫ارسال بدارد‬
Authority and the Engineer. ‫به تقاضای قراردادی برای تکمیلی‬
(i) Test for continuity of each circuit. ‫کار متذکره هماهنگی های الزم را‬
(ii) Test for Earth resistance value of .‫انجام میدهد‬
each Earth rod and system. ‫تمام مصارف در جریان تست تاسیسات‬
(iii) Megger test on each circuit between ‫متذکره به دوش خود قرار دادی‬
the conductor and ground for each ‫ که بعد از تسلیمی سیستم به‬.‫میباشد‬
PDB and all readings shall be ‫شاروالی تمام مصارف آن به دوش‬
recorded. The Contractor shall .‫شاروالی خواهد بود‬
furnish the Engineer with three
copies of the test results identifying ‫) تست ساحوی‬g(
observed readings with their ‫ قراردادی تست های‬,‫قبل از ختم کار‬
‫ذیل را در موجودیت مقامات محلی و‬
respective circuits. The insulation
:‫انجنییر باالی چراغ ها انجام میدهد‬
resistance between conductor and
‫تست برای تسلسل‬ .i
ground shall be not less than 8 mega
‫تست برای مقاومت زمین برای هر‬ .ii
ohms.
‫میله و سیستم‬
Any change in the above stated
‫تست میگر باالی هر سرکت در بین‬ .iii
minimum readings must be
‫کاندکتور و آرت برای هر پی دی‬
approved by the Engineer. Such
‫بی و تمام قراعت های آن ثبت‬
approval must be in writing,
‫ کاپی از نتیجه‬3 ‫ قراردادی‬.‫گردد‬
following written application by the

350 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

Contractor. ‫تست برای سرکت های مربوطه آنرا‬

(iv) A functional test in which it is .‫نماید‬ ‫تسلیم‬ ‫انجنییر‬ ‫به‬
demonstrated that each and every ‫مقاومت بین کاندکتور و آرت‬
part of the system functions as ‫ هر‬.‫ اووم باشد‬8 ‫نباید کمتر از‬
specified or intended herein. ‫تغیری در قراعت های باال باید‬
Any fault in any material or in any part of the .‫مورد تایید انجنییر قرار گیرد‬
‫این تاییدی به شکل نوشتاری و‬
installation revealed by these tests shall be
.‫بعد از درخواست قراردادی باشد‬
replaced or repaired by the Contractor in a
‫تستی عملی که بیانگر تطابق کار‬ .iv
manner approved by the Engineer, and the
‫با استندرد های تعین شده باشد‬
same test shall be repeated until no fault
.‫به راه انداخته شود‬
appears.
‫هر گاه کدام نواقص و کمبودی در‬
(h) Painting ‫ قراردادی‬,‫جریان تست ها دیده شود‬
All painting required shall be in conformance ‫مکلف به ترمیم آن است و در ختم‬
‫ترمیم دوباره تست اجرا میگردد و این‬
with applicable portions of Clause 902 of these
‫پروسه تا مقع به دست آمدن نتیجه‬
Specifications.
.‫مطلوب ادامه می یابد‬
If the enclosure of any electrical equipment
located above ground does not have an
‫) رنگمالی‬h(
exterior surface of either aluminum or ‫تمام رنگمالی مورد نیاز در مطابقت‬
galvanizing, then it shall be finished with two ‫ (ساختمن های فوالدی) این‬6-‫با بخش‬
coats of approved zinc based paint, plus such ‫هرگاه کدام‬.‫طرزرالعمل صورت بگیرد‬
finishing coat as the Engineer may direct. ‫قسمت از وسایل بیرون از سطح زمین‬
PDB shall be finished in accordance with the ‫می ماند که فاقد سطح المونیمی یا‬
above requirements for electrical equipment. ‫گلونایز شده گی باشد باید دو الیه‬
Galvanized steel or aluminum lighting poles ‫زد زنگ و یک الیه رنگ تایید شده توسط‬
and lighting lanterns shall not be painted. ‫پی دی‬.‫انجنییر باالی آن تطبیق گردد‬
‫بی باید در مطابقت با مقتضیات ذکر‬
(i) Lighting Poles ‫تکمیل‬ ‫برقی‬ ‫وسایل‬ ‫برای‬ ‫شده‬
Lighting poles shall be handled in loading, ‫پایه ها و فانوس های گونایز‬.‫گردد‬
.‫شده رنگ نمیگردد‬
unloading and erecting in such a manner that
they will not be damaged. Any parts that are
‫) پایه های چراغ‬i(
damaged due to the Contractor's handling shall
‫پایه باید بدون صدمه انتقال و نصب‬
be repaired or replaced at the Contractor's
‫ هر جزی که در جریان انتقاالت‬.‫گردد‬
expense, to the satisfaction of the Engineer. ‫صدمه میبیند باید توسط قراردادی به‬
Lighting poles shall not be erected on concrete ‫مصرف خد قرادادی تبدیل و یا ترمیم‬
foundations until foundations have set at least .‫(به تاییدی انجنییر) گردد‬
72 hours, and shall be adjusted sufficiently to ‫ ساعت‬72 ‫پایه های چراغ ها حد اقل‬
be plumb after all load has been placed, or as ‫بعد از کانکریت ریزی باالی تهداب نصب‬
otherwise directed by the Engineer. ‫گردد و باید به صورت درست و مرطب‬
‫بعد از انتقال وزن باالی آن شاقل‬
(j) Control Equipment in PDB ‫ مگر اینکه هدایت انجنییر چیز‬.‫گردد‬
Where specifically detailed on the Drawings, .‫دیگری باشد‬
for service locations where two or more
lighting circuits are operated from one time ‫) وسایل کنترولی در پی دی بی‬j(
switch control device, the relays, service

351 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

breakers and any other necessary control ‫در صورت موجودیت تفصیالت مشخص در‬
equipment shall be grouped together and ‫ در موقعیت هاییکه که دو و‬,‫نقشه ها‬
installed in a suitable water proof, sufficient ‫یا بیشتر سرکت های چراغ که از یک‬
sized PDB enclosure which is able to ‫ بریکر ها‬,‫سوچ کنترولی فعالیت دارد‬
accommodate all of the equipment installed ‫و تمام وسایل مورد نیاز آن به شکل‬
‫گروپی و در یک پوشش پی دی بی زد آب‬
therein.
‫و با ظرفیت کافی که ظرفیت و توان‬
Each electrical control ballast assembly shall be
‫تمام وسایل نصب شده را داشته باشد‬
protected by molded circuit breakers .‫نصب میگردد‬
‫هر یک از اجزای کنترولی برقی باید‬
(k) "As-Built" Drawings ‫توسط کنترولر اظاقه باری و قالب‬
Upon completion of the work, the Contractor .‫سرکت بریکر بسته بندی گردد‬
shall submit "As-Built" or corrected drawings,
or any data thereof as required by the Engineer, ‫) نقشه های کار شده‬k(
showing in detail all construction changes, ‫ قراردادی مکلف‬,‫بعد از تکمیل کار‬
especially location and depth of conduit and ‫به تسلیمی نقشه های کار شده یا‬
completed schematic circuit diagram. ‫تصحیح شده و یا هر سندی که توسط‬
The drawings shall be on sheets conforming to ‫ که نشان‬,‫انجییر طلب میگردد می باشد‬
the standard contract Drawings. Corrected ‫دهنده تمام جزیات تغیر در ساخت و‬
drawings shall be made on full sized sheets and ‫ به خصوص موقعیت و عمق لوله و‬,‫ساز‬
.‫شکل و شرح سرکت میباشد‬
not on reduced size prints.
‫نقشه ها در اوراق و مطابق به‬
‫ نقشه های تصحیح‬.‫استندرد ها باشد‬
(l) Guarantee
‫شده درسایز مکمل باشد نه در سایز‬
The Contractor shall furnish to the Employer ‫خورد شده برای پرنت‬
any guarantee or warranty required as a
normal trade practice in connection with the ‫) رهنمود های حفظ و مراقبت و نحوه‬l(
purchase of any materials or items used in the ‫استفاده همراه با لیست اجزا‬
construction of the street lighting system ‫ کاپی از‬3 ‫قراردادی مکلف به تسلیمی‬
included in this Contract. ‫این اسناد که شامل تمام مراحل نصب‬
‫بوده تا به منظور فرمایش اجزای آن‬
.‫در آینده از استفاده گردد باشد‬
,‫ ولتاج و داده‬,‫ نمبر تشخیصیه‬,‫نام‬
‫تولید کننده و تاریخ تولید برای‬
‫تمام وسایل نصب شده باالی آن درج‬
.‫گردد‬

‫) گرنتی‬m(
‫قراردادی مکلف به تهیه اسناد مورد‬
‫نیار برای گرنتی وسایل طبق اصول‬
‫تجارتی برای صاحب امتیاز پروژه زیر‬
‫چتر قرارداد می باشد‬

801.8 Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬801.8

All the works under this Clause, furnished and ‫تمام کار های در بر گرفته شده در این‬
installed in accordance with this Specification, the ‫ مطابق به این طرزالعمل نصب و‬,‫ماده‬

352 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

Drawings and the instructions of the Engineer, shall ‫ نقشه ها و هدایات‬,‫تکمیل گردیده‬
be measured by the following pay items and the ‫انجنییر باید به شکل ذیل اندازه گیری‬
quantity of each item shall be measured as detailed ‫گردیده و مقدار هر بخش به شکل ذیل‬
below. .‫انداره گردد‬
801 (1)a Street Light (LED single light)
801 (1)a Street Lighting Pole, single light set
801 (1)b Street Light (LED double light)
set
set
801 (1)b Street Lighting Pole, double light
801 (2) Lighting for Pedestrian Underpass
set
set

All other ancillary items, such as lamps, ducts, ‫سیستم چراغ سرک باید نظر به تعداد پایه‬
cables, panels, distribution board, manholes, hand ‫ها به شکل طاقه ای و یا جوره ای اندازه‬
holes, bolts and nuts, tests, etc., necessary for the .‫گیری گردد‬
whole lighting system not listed above shall not be ‫ کیبل‬,‫تمام اجزای فرعی از قبیل دکت ها‬
measured and the costs shall be deemed to be ‫ و ه‬,‫ سوچ ها‬,‫ صفحه توزیع‬,‫ صفحه ها‬,‫ها‬
included in the Contract unit rates of the above pay ‫ هند هول ها من هول ها بولت ها و‬,‫م ها‬
items. ‫نت ها تست ها و غیره مورد نیاز به‬
50% of the amount of the number of the street ‫سیستم مکمل چراغ ها که در باال از آن‬
lighting poles erected will be paid when street ‫نام برده نشده باید اندازه گردد و‬
‫مصارف آن شامل قیمت فی واحد جنس‬
lighting poles are erected, 30% of the amount will
.‫میگردد‬
be paid when cabling works are completed for each
‫ فیصد از مقدار آن بعد از تعداد بلند‬50
lighting poles and the balance will be paid after the
‫ فیصد‬30 ,‫نمودن پایه ها تادیه خواهد شد‬
test and commissioning of the street lighting
‫این مقدار در ختم کار کیبل کاری تادیه‬
system.
‫خواهد شد و ارقام باقی مانده بعد از‬
.‫تست و فعال سازی تادیه خواهد شد‬
‫چرا ها برای پیاده رو های زیرزمینی به‬
‫قسم بخشی از سیستم محاسبه شده و هر‬
‫پیاده رو به شکل جدا گانه شامل چراغ‬
‫ و‬,‫ سوچ ها‬,‫ صفحه توزیع کیبل ها‬,‫ها‬
‫تمام اجزای فرعی دیگر که برای تکمیل‬
‫نمودن سیستم چراغ ها مطابق به نقشه ها‬
.‫و طرزالعمل هذا است میباشد‬

801.9 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬801.9

The quantity measured as provided above, shall be ‫مقادیر محاسبه شده فوق مطابق به قیمت‬
paid at the Contract unit price for each pay item as ‫فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد برای‬
described below. .‫هر جنس ذکر شده در ذیل پرداخت میگردد‬
The Contract unit rate for each pay item shall be the ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
payment in full compensation for all the cost of ‫برای هر جنس به شکل کلی و شامل مصارف‬
labors, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals ‫ و سایر‬,‫ سامان آالت‬,‫ مواد‬,‫کاریگر‬
required for the work including preparation of ,‫ لوازم‬,‫لوازم ضروری از قبیل نقشه ها‬
drawings, furnishing, installation, finishing, testing, ,‫ تست ها‬,‫ تمام کاری ها‬,‫نصب کاری ها‬
relocation, etc. shown on the Drawings or ‫تغیر مکان وغیره که در نقشه ها نشان‬
described in these Specifications. ‫داده و در طرزالعمل از آن تذکر یافته‬
.‫است میباشد‬

353 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

802 Civil Works for Electrical Items ‫ امورات ساختمانی برای اجزای‬802
‫برقی‬
802.1 Scope of Work ‫ سکوپ‬802.1
The work under this clause will include ducts, ‫فعالیت های این ماده شامل لوله های‬
manholes, hand holes and the excavation ‫ اند هول ها و‬,‫ من هول ها‬,‫انتقالی‬
necessary for the installation of the cable or duct as ‫کندکاری که برای کیبل ها و لوله های‬
described in Clause 801 of these Specifications. ‫ این‬801 ‫انتقالی مطابق به ماده‬
.‫طرزالعمل میباشد‬

802.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬802.2

All material shall conform to the details given on ‫تمام مواد باید در مطابقت به نصشه ها‬
the Drawings and these Specifications. In the ‫ در صورت نبود‬.‫و طرزالعمل هذا باشد‬
absence of any details on the Drawings, the work ‫تفصیالت در نقشه ها کار متذکره مطابق‬
shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant ‫به بخش های مربوطه طرزالعمل و یا نظر‬
sections of these Specifications and the instruction ‫ مواد‬.‫به هدایت انجنییر انجام شود‬
‫لوله انتقالی باید در مطابقت با ماده‬
of the Engineer. The material for duct shall be as
.‫ این طرزالعمل باشد‬801
given for conduit in Clause 801 of these
Specifications.

802.3 Construction Requirements ‫ ساخت و ساز‬802.3

(a) All details of manholes and hand holes shall be ‫) تمام جزیات من هول ها و اند هول ها‬a(
in accordance with the Drawings and the ‫باید در مطابقت به نثشه ها و‬
relevant requirements of Clause 702 of these ‫ این طرزالعمل و یا‬702 ‫مقتضیات ماده‬
Specifications. Conduit or duct ends shall be ‫ انجام های‬.‫طبق هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
fixed in the proper positions and held in place ‫لوله باید به صورت درست تا موقع که‬
by means of templates until the concrete has .‫کانکریت کاری جابجا شده باشد‬
set.
‫) کندن کاری ها باید به عرض کافی بوده‬b(
‫تا لوله ها در آن به راهتی جابجا‬
(b) Excavation for conduit installation shall be of
‫گردد و باید در نظر داشت که عمق‬
the width necessary for satisfactory laying of
‫ ملی متر در زیر سطح‬600 ‫لوله باید‬
the conduits and shall ensure that cables are at
‫ کف لوله ها باید به صورت‬.‫کاری باشد‬
least 800 mm below finished ground level and
‫درست هموار گردیده و عاری از اشیای‬
footpath. In at least one meter below the ‫ عمق لوله ها‬.‫نوک تیز و برنده باشد‬
carriageway level or as directed by the ‫در مقع ضررورت ازدیاد یافته تا از‬
Engineer. The bottom of the conduit track shall ‫ بعد از گذاشتن‬.‫موانع جلوگیری گردد‬
be level and free from stones or other sharp ‫لوله ها نوار هشدار دهنده باالی آن‬
objects. The depth of the conduit may be ‫گذاشته شود تا از صدمه دیدن آن از‬
increased if necessary to avoid existing ‫کندن کاری ها در آینده توسط دیگران‬
obstructions. ‫ موقعیت لوله ها بعد‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
After conduits have been laid, warning tape to ‫از سروی دقیق تعین و در نقشه ها‬
remind other contractor or person who may ‫نشان داده و برای تاییدی به انجنییر‬
excavate buried conduit route in future shall be .‫ارسال گردد‬
‫تمام لوله ها بعد از نصب توسط‬
provided. The location of ducts shall be planed
.‫ماندرل چک کردد‬
and indicated on the working drawings after

354 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

detail site survey and shall be submitted to the ‫ من هول ها و اند‬,‫) موقعیت لوله ها‬c(
Engineer for approval. ‫هول ها بعد از سروی دقیق تعین و در‬
All ducts shall be checked with a mandrel after ‫نقشه ها نشان داده و قبل از آغاز‬
completion of each installation. ‫کار برای تاییدی به انجنییر ارسال‬
.‫گردد‬
(c) The location of ducts shall be planed and
indicated on the working drawings after detail ‫ لوله‬,‫) تمام کندن کاری های من هول ها‬d(
‫ها و کیبل ها قسمی صورت بگیرد تا‬
site survey and shall be submitted to the
‫از صدمه رساندن به سرک موجوده‬
Engineer for approval.
‫ قراردادی مکلف است‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
‫تا ساحه را بعد از تکمیل کار به‬
(d) All excavation for manholes, ducts and cable ‫حالت اولی آن طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
installation shall be carried out so as to ‫ برای سهولت در مورد ذکر‬.‫برگرداند‬
minimize damage to existing surfaces. The ‫شده جاده متذکره و پیاده رو آن به‬
Contractor shall reinstate all surfaces on ‫فاصله معین و به عمق اضافه تر از‬
completion of backfilling to the original ‫ قطع‬.‫ مال متر توسط اره قطع گردد‬50
condition and in accordance with the ‫قسمت باقی مانده آن مطابق به خواست‬
Engineer's instruction. To facilitate ‫ ساحه قطع شده‬.‫انجنییر صورت گیرد‬
reinstatement the outline of all areas to be ‫باید مستقیم و راست باشد و قسمت های‬
removed in Portland cement concrete, asphalt ‫اگر‬ .‫بیرونی نباید تخریب گردد‬
concrete and other types of sidewalks and ‫فعالیت های متذکره با موارد دیگر‬
pavements shall be cut to a depth of not less ‫این طرزالعمل بر میخرد معاف نمودن‬
‫و تغیر دادن آن نظر به خواست‬
than 50 mm with a saw, prior to removing the
.‫انجنییر صورت خواهد گرفت‬
sidewalk and pavement material. Cut for
‫ لوله‬,‫تمام پر کاری های من هول ها‬
remainder of the required depth may be made
‫ این‬701.7 ‫ها در مطابقت به ماده‬
by a method satisfactory to the Engineer. Cuts
.‫طرزالعمل صورت بگیرد‬
shall be neat and true, and surfaces outside the
removal area shall not be damaged.
The Engineer may waive or modify the above
requirements for excavation and reinstatement
when the excavation lies within an area to be
overlaid or reconstructed under other clauses
of these Specifications.
All backfilling for manholes, ducts or conduit
tracks shall comply with the requirements of
Clause 701.7 of these Specifications.

802.4 Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬802.4

The quantities of ducts, manholes, hand holes, ‫ اند هول‬,‫ من هول ها‬,‫مقادیر لوله ها‬
excavation, warning tapes, etc. described above ‫ نوار هشداری و غیره‬,‫ کندن کاری‬,‫ها‬
shall not be measured separately for payment and ‫ذکر شده فوق به صورت جدا گانه برای‬
the costs are deemed to be included in the Contract ‫پرداخت محاسبه شده و قیمت های آن در‬
unit rate of the pay items listed in Clause 801 of ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس در قراداد مطابق به‬
these Specifications. .‫ این طرزالعمل درج گردد‬802 ‫ماده‬

802.5 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬802.5

355 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

The cost for the works mentioned above including ,‫ارزش کار های ذکر شده فوق شامل مواد‬
materials, labors, tools, equipment and other ‫ و سایر لوازم ضروری‬,‫ سامان آالت‬,‫کارگر‬
incidentals necessary to complete the work in ,‫برای تکمیلی کار مطابق به نقشه ها‬
accordance with the Drawings, these Specifications ‫طرزالعمل و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر شامل‬
and as instructed by the Engineer shall be deemed ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس درج قرارداد برای‬
to be included in the Contract unit rates of the pay ‫ این طرزالعمل‬801 ‫تادیه مطابق به ماده‬
.‫میباشد‬
items listed in Clause 801 of these Specifications.

803 Spare Ducts ‫ لوله های اظافی‬803

803.1 Scope of Work ‫ سکوپ‬803.1
This item covers the requirement for the ‫این بخش شامل مقتضیات ساخت و ساز لوله‬
construction of spare ducts across the carriageway ‫های اظافی برای تاسیسات برقی و‬
as the provision for installation of utilities such as ‫مخابراتی در قسمت های عبوری سرک‬
electric and communication cables without ‫میباشد تا در آینده از استفاده صورت‬
excavating the road pavement in future. The spare .‫گرفته و باعث کندن کارب در سرک نگردد‬
‫لوله های اظافی در موقعیت های نشان‬
ducts shall be provided at the locations shown on
‫داده شده در نشظه ها و یا طبق هدایت‬
the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. The
‫ این فعالیت شامل‬.‫انجنییر تهیه کردد‬
work consists of excavation of duct, installation ‫ نصب لوله و پر کاری‬,‫کندن کاری لوله‬
conduit pipes and backfilling with suitable .‫آن با مواد مناسب میباشد‬
materials.

803.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬803.2

(1) Conduit Pipes ‫) لوله ها‬1(
Conduit pipes shall be of Corrugated Hard Corrugated Hard ‫لوله ها باید از جنس‬
Polyethylene pipe, JIS C 3653 or heavy duty PVC ‫ ویا مخصوص‬Polyethylene pipe, JIS C 3653
conduit approved by The Engineer or ‫ که تایید شده‬PVC ‫کار سنگین از جنس‬
equivalent. .‫انجنییر بوده یا معادل آن باشد‬

(2) Warning Tape ‫) نوار هشداری‬2(

The warning tape shall be yellow or orange ‫نوار هشداری به رنگ زرد یا نارنجی‬
color PVC film on which some warning word “Caution Spare ‫ بوده و در آن کلمات‬PVC
such as “Caution” shall be printed to warn that ‫ به منظور‬Duct”, “Warning Spare Duct”
spare conduit pipes are laid underneath. ‫هشدار به موجودیت لوله روی آن پرنت‬
Sample or brochure of the warning tape shall ‫ نمونه و یا معلومات آن به منظور‬.‫باشد‬
be submitted to the Engineer for approval. .‫تاییدی به انجنییر فرستاده شود‬

803.3 Construction Requirements ‫ مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬803.3

(1) Excavation ‫) کندن کاری‬1(
Excavation for spare ducts shall be carried out ‫کندن کاری برای لوله های اظافی باید‬
in accordance with Item 204 “Structural )‫ (کندن کاری‬204 ‫در مطابقت به ماده‬
Excavation” of these Specifications. ‫این طرزالعمل انجام شود‬

(2) Installation of Conduit Pipes ‫) نصب لوله ها‬2(

Installation of conduit pipes shall be carried out ‫لوله ها باالی طبقه ای از ریگ تپک شده‬
in accordance with Item 701 “Pipe Culvert” of ‫قسمیکه در نقشه نشان داده شده و در‬

356 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 8: Utilities General Technical Specification

these Specifications. )‫ (لوله و کلورت‬701 ‫مطابقت به ماده‬

.‫این طرزالعمل نصب گردیده‬

(3) Warning Tape ‫) نوار هشداری‬3(

Warning tape shall be laid over the conduits as ‫این نوار در مکمل طول لوله مطابق به‬
shown on the drawing for the whole stretch. .‫نقشه باالی لوله انداخته میشود‬

(4) Backfilling ‫) پر کاری‬4(

Backfilling shall be carried out in accordance ‫پرکاری و تپک کاری باید مطابق به ماده‬
with Item 701 “Pipe Culvert” in these ‫ (پایپ کلورت) این طرزالعمل صورت‬701
Specifications. .‫بگیرد‬

(5) Marker Block ‫) لوحه نشانی‬5(

Marker block of size shown in the Drawing shall ‫این لوحه قسمی که در نقشه نشان داده‬
be placed on the footpath at both ends of the ‫شده در دو طرف پیاده رو و در هر دو‬
spare ducts to notify the location of spare duct. ‫کنج لوله برای نشان دادن موقعیت لوله‬
The top of the marker block shall be flushed ‫ قسمت‬.‫اظافی در زیر زمین نصب گردد‬
with the footpath level. ‫باالیی نشانه بادی هم سطح با سطح پیاده‬
.‫رو باشد‬

803.4 Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬803.4

The work for spare ducts shall be measured in -‫کار انجام شده برای لوله ها به طول‬
linear meter of the net length of the duct measured ‫متر از دو کنج لوله که شامل طول مکمل‬
between the edges of the conduit pipes. .‫لوله گردد محسبه میگردد‬

803 (1) Spare Duct lin. M

803.5 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬803.5

The Contract unit rate for spare ducts shall include ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
the cost of pipes, excavation, protection concrete, ‫ کندن‬,‫برای لوله ها شامل قیمت پیپ ها‬
backfilling, loading, unloading, hauling, handling, ‫ بار‬,‫ پر کاری‬,‫ کانکریت محافظتی‬,‫کاری‬
storing, laying in position and jointing complete and ‫ فرش کردن‬,‫ ذخیره کردن‬,‫ تخلیه‬,‫گیری‬
all incidental costs to complete the work as per ‫در جای مخصوصه و یکجا نمودن تمامی‬
‫اشیا و اجزای الزمی برای تکمیلی کار‬
these specifications.
‫در مطابقت با نقشه ها و این طرزالعمل‬
.‫می باشد‬

357 | S e c t i o n 8
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

SECTION 9: MISCELLANEOUS ‫ متفرقه‬:۹ ‫بخش‬

901 Landscaping ‫لندسکیپ یا تزیین کاری ساحه‬ 901

901.1 Scope of Work ‫ خالصه‬901.1

This work shall consist of the provision and ،‫این کار باید شامل تهه و زرع درختان‬
planting of trees and shrubs and their cultivation ‫بوته ها مطابق مشخصات تخنیکی می باشد‬
according to the specifications and their ‫وتعیین موقعیت ها انهامطابق نقشه های‬
positioning as detailed on the Drawings and the ‫ اعماربکس های‬،‫می باشند‬ ‫تخنیکی‬
furnishing or constructing of concrete, brick or ‫ خشت ویا از بلوک‬، ‫جورشده از کانکریت‬
‫ دوره ها یا حلقه های‬،‫برای زرع نباتات‬
block planting boxes at the locations shown on the
‫سبز در موقعیت های ایکه در نقشه ها‬
Drawings or as instructed by the Engineer.
‫نشان داده شده است ویا توسط انجینر‬
The Contractor shall give attention to the
.‫مسؤل هدایت داده شده شود‬
preparatory measures required before planting is ‫قراردادی باید قبل از اینکه بوته ها‬
carried out, such as levels of soil; slope of ground; ‫زرع شوند برای آماده گی های اولیه‬
and topsoil requirements including turning over ‫توجه الزمی مبذول دارد و کارهای مانند‬
and leveling the soil. ‫ اماده‬،‫ میل دادن زمین‬،‫هموار کاری خاک‬
‫سازی خاک سطحی به شمول تعویض خاک‬
.‫موجود و هموارکاری‬

901.2 References ‫ ماخذها‬901.2

All work such as planting of shrubs, trees, and the ،‫تمام کارها به شمول زرع بوته ها‬
cultivation of vegetation to cover the bare soil, ‫درختان و کشت سبزه برای پوشش سطحی خاک‬
shall be executed in accordance with specifications ‫باید در مطابقت با مشخصات و معیار های‬
and current standards for such work. The ‫تخنیکی موجود برای کار های متذکره‬
Contractor shall acquaint himself with the ‫ قراردادی باید خود را‬.‫انجام پذیرند‬
‫از قوانین ولوایح ادارات محلی و‬
regulations and requirements of the local
‫شاروالی کابل باخبرساخته وکار های را‬
government authority and Kabul Municipality and
.‫در مطابقت با آنها انجام دهند‬
shall carry out the work accordingly.

901.3 Materials ‫ مواد‬901.3

Plants used shall consist of trees and ‫نباتات مورد استفاده شامل درختان و‬
shrubs/bushes as detailed on the Drawings. ‫بوته ها باشند و طبق نقشه برای اتکا‬
Supports and protection for trees shall be of ‫و محافظت درختان از چوب های عادی و‬
wood/bamboo or other materials approved by the ‫یا چوب بانس و یا دیگر موادیکه از طرف‬
Engineer. Binding or ties shall be made of ropes, ‫انجینر مسؤل مورد تایید قرارگرفته‬
‫ برای بسته کاری‬.‫باشند استفاده گردد‬
strings, natural raffia as approved by the Engineer.
، ‫و محکم کردن آنها از ریسمان ها‬
Fertilizer shall be as detailed in these
‫ و یا ریسمان پوست خرما نظر به‬،‫تارها‬
specifications, or as directed by the Engineer. ‫ کود‬.‫تایید انجینر مسؤل استفاده گردد‬
Concrete for planting boxes shall be in accordance ‫کیمیاوی مورد استفاده باید مطابق‬
with the requirements of Section 4 of these ‫مشخصات تخنیک باشد ویا طبق هدایت‬
General Specifications. .‫انجینر مسؤل باشد‬
Bricks and blocks shall be of local product best ‫مواد کانکریتی که برای اعمار بکس های‬
quality approved by the Engineer. The ‫کانکریتی برای بوته ها استفاده می‬

358 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

bricks/blocks shall have clean surfaces, sharp ‫گردد باید مطابق شرایط خواسته شده در‬
edges, and uniform in dimensions and without .‫ این مشخصات تخنیکی باشد‬4 ‫بخش‬
cracks. ‫خشت وبلوک های کانکریتی که برای اعمار‬
‫بکس های بوته ها و حلقه ها ی سبز‬
‫استفاده می گردد باید از مواد محلی‬
‫باشد که دارای بهترین کیفیت بوده و‬
‫مورد تایید انجینر مسؤل قرار گرفته‬
‫ خشت ها و بلوک ها باید دارای‬.‫باشد‬
‫ و اندازه های‬،‫ لبه های تیز‬،‫سطح پاک‬
‫یکنواخت باشد و همچنان عاری از درز‬
.‫ها باشند‬

901.4 Preparation ‫ آماده گی‬901.4

After the soil is cleaned of debris from the ‫بعد ازاینکه خاک از مواد باقیمانده‬
construction works the topsoil shall be prepared ‫ساختمانی پاک گردد خاک سطحی باید برای‬
for planting. ‫ برای جلوگیری‬.‫کشت نباتات آماده گردد‬
To prevent any standing water occurring, a slope ‫از ایستاد شدن آب طبق هدایت انجینر‬
of 0.3% shall be made in the direction of flow ‫مسؤل به سطح زمین در جهت جریان آب یک‬
indicated by the Engineer. .‫ داده شود‬%0.3 ‫میل‬
‫تمام خاک سطحی ساحه مورد کشت متشکل‬
All top soil for the areas of cultivation shall consist
‫از دوطبقه بوده که طبقه اول به عمق‬
of a soil mixture of 50 mm humus and 100 mm
‫ از خاک ګیادار و طبقه دیګری به‬50mm
existing soil.
.‫ از خاک موجوده می باشد‬100mm ‫عمق‬
These layers shall be executed after the ground to
‫این طبقات خاک بعد از اینکه زمین از‬
be prepared is clear of debris resulting from the
، ‫موجودیت مواد باقیمانده ساختمانی‬
construction works and clear of other growths or ‫مواد زایده و گیاهان هرزه پاک گردد‬
weeds. .‫مرتب و آماده می گردد‬
The use of weed killers for destroying weeds etc. ‫استفاده از دواهای ضد گیاهان هرزه‬
shall not be permitted. ‫برای از بین بردن گیاهان هرزه مجاز‬
The preparation of the soil forms the final stage in ‫ آماده گی خاک مرحله نهایی‬.‫نمی باشد‬
the soil workings. At this stage the condition and .‫کار های مربوط خاک را تشکیل می دهد‬
compactness of the soil shall be good, there being ‫دراین مرحله حالت و تپک کاری خاک باید‬
no further changes occurring to the heights and ‫درست باشند تا در آینده در ارتفاعات‬
contours desired. .‫و کانتورها تغیر به وجود نه آید‬

901.5 Provision of Plants ‫ تهیه نباتات‬901.5

Before the plants are finally planted in position on ‫قبل از اینکه نباتات در ساحه در‬
the site they shall first be put in a location to be ‫موقعیت های اصلی خویش غرس گردند باید‬
indicated by the Engineer. Permission to execute ‫در مرحله اول در یک موقعیتی نگهداشته‬
the planting on site will be given by the Engineer ‫شوند که توسط انجینر مسؤل تعیین شده‬
to the Contractor before planting is commenced. .‫باشد‬
‫کار عملی کشت نباتات در ساحه باید به‬
The plants shall comply with the following
‫اساس اجازه انجینر مسؤل توسط قراردادی‬
requirements:
‫آغاز گردد نباتات متذکره باید در‬
 Height of trees shall be between 2.0 m and :‫مطابقت با شرایط ذیل باشند‬
3.0 m.
2 m ‫ ارتفاع درختان باید در بین‬
 Height of shrubs shall be not less than 0.60
m. .‫ باشند‬3 m ‫و‬

359 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

 When dispatching trees to the site the trees 0.6 m ‫ارتفاع بوته ها باید از‬ 
shall be tied to support posts or similar in .‫کمتر نباشند‬
order that the trees are not damaged, ‫هر ګاه درختان به ساحه انتقال‬ 
similarly the leaves may be trimmed to ‫داده می شوند باید توسط یک چیزی‬
reduce evaporation.
‫بسته شده باشند تا تخریب نګردند‬
 Plants shall be free of disease, infestation and
shall have good healthy branches. ‫و همچنان برای جلوګیری از تبخیر‬
.‫بیشتر برګ های آنها قطع گردد‬

‫تمام نباتات مورد استفاده باید عاری‬

‫از امراض و حشرات مضره بوده و باید‬
.‫شاخچه های سالم داشته باشند‬

901.6 Planting ‫ کشت کاری‬901.6

Execution of the landscaping can be commenced: ‫کارهای لندسکیپ و تزیین ساحوی بعد‬
 When all the construction and civil works in ‫از ختم فعالیت های ذیل اجرا می‬
the area are completed. :‫گردند‬
 When the Contractor has received ‫ هرگاه تمام کارهای ساختمانی در‬
.‫ساحه تکمیل گردد‬
permission in writing from the Engineer.
‫ هر گاه قراردادی اجازه نمامه‬
Holes to be planted shall be enriched with a
‫تحریری را در مورد از انجینر مسؤل‬
mixture of soil and fertilizers, and shall be cleared
.‫دریافت نماید‬
of debris and stones. Each plant shall be held
‫چقری های ایکه در آن نباتات غرس می‬
somewhat above the bottom of the hole to receive ‫گردند باید توسط ترکیب خاک و کود‬
it, and then soil added gradually to the hole and ‫غنی سازی گردیده و از موجویدت سنگ‬
around the roots, tamping the soil to the required .‫ها و مواد اضافی پاک گردد‬
compaction. After the roots of the plant have ‫هر نبات باید از قسمت پایین چقری‬
spread, its trunk shall be slowly pulled out to ‫کمی باالتر گرفته شده بعدا به طور‬
ascertain that the surrounding soil is compact ‫آهسته خاک به اطراف ریشه های ان‬
enough to support its roots, and so promote ‫انداخته شوند وبه اندازه خواسته شده‬
healthy growth. ‫ بعد ازاینکه ریشه‬.‫تپک کاری گردد‬
In promoting cultivation, care of the topsoil ‫های نبات در خاک پنهان گردید تنه‬
around the plants requires that the top soil is ‫نبات به طور آهسته به طرف باال کش‬
‫گردد تا دیده شود که خاک اطراف آن‬
cleaned up around the planted area.
‫به طور کافی تپک کاری گردیده تا‬
‫ریشه های ان را تحکیم نماید و رشد‬
.‫درست نبات را کمک نماید‬
‫برای بهبود کشت به خاک سطحی در‬
‫که‬، ‫اطراف نباتات توجه صورت گیرد‬
‫این امر خواستار پاک کاری خاک در‬
.‫اطراف ساحه کشت شده می باشد‬

901.7 Trees and Shrubs ‫ درختان و بوته ها‬901.7

Trees and shrubs shall be planted before grass ‫درختان و بوته ها باید قبل از بذر‬
sodding is placed but after the ground has been ‫کاری سبزه و بعد از هموار کاری روی‬
leveled and prepared. .‫زمین جابجا گردند‬
(a) Locations of trees shall first be ascertained, ‫) موقعیت های درختان باید در قدم اول‬a(
with reference to staking out posts, in ‫ موقعیت های درختان‬.‫تعیین گردد‬
‫باید مطابق مشخصات تخنیکی و نقشه‬
accordance with the specifications or detail

360 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

drawings and as approved by the Engineer. ‫های و یا طبق هدایت انجینر مسؤل‬
.‫تثبیت گردند‬
(b) Planting shall be in accordance with details in
the drawings. ‫) نهال شانی باید مطابق نقشه های‬b(
.‫داده شده باشند‬
(c) Holes dug for planting shall be as follows:
‫باید‬ ‫) چقری ها برای غرس درختان‬c(
 for trees : 800 x 800
:‫دارای مشخصات ذیل باشند‬
mm to a depth of 800 mm
‫ به‬800X800 mm :‫ برای درختان‬
 for shrubs : 600 x 600 mm to . 800 mm ‫عمق‬
a depth of 400 mm
‫ به‬600X600 mm :‫ برای بوته ها‬
. 400 mm ‫عمق‬
(d) To protect soil fertility and plant growth the
Contractor shall complete the tree planting ‫) برای اینکه حاصلخیزی زمین و رشد‬d(
not more than 1 week after the holes for the ‫نبات حفظ گردد قراردادی باید بعد‬
trees have been dug, in order to avoid acid ‫از کندن کاری چقری های در مدت یک‬
condition of the soil. ‫هفته نهانی درختان را تکمیل نمایند‬
‫تا از تیزابی شدن خاک جلوگیری صورت‬
(e) The mixture of soil for filling in holes for .‫گیرد‬
planting shall consist of red soil and stable
manure or of a quality similar to compost ‫) مخلوط خاک ایکه برای پرکاری چقری‬e(
‫های نهال شانی استفاده می گردد‬
(compost is soil containing vegetation that has
‫باید متشکل از خاک سرخ و کود‬
already undergone a process of
‫حیوانی و یا مقوی نباتی یا‬
decomposition).
‫( خاک ایکه دارای بقایای‬compost
The mixture of soil for filling shall be ‫نباتی بوده و تحت پروسه های مختلف‬
comparable to: ‫قرار گرفته به کود تبدیل شده‬
 soil for planting (pH7) 75% .)‫باشد‬
 stable manure ......... 25% ‫مخلوط خاک پرکاری باید با‬
:‫ارقام ذیل قابل مقایسه باشند‬
(f) The soil mixture shall be free of stones greater 75% )pH7(‫ خاک نهال شانی‬
than 40 mm in size. This mixture shall be put %25 ‫ کود حیوانی‬
into the holes evenly to a depth of 150 mm,
with another 50 mm around the tree roots. ‫) مخلوط خاک پرکاری باید عاری از سنگ‬f(
‫ وبیشتر ازآن‬40mm ‫های بزرگ به قطر‬
(g) Sufficient watering shall be carried out at ‫ این مخلوط باید به طور‬.‫باشند‬
every stage of planting. To avoid the possibility ‫ در چقری‬150 mm ‫مساویانه به عمق‬
50 mm ‫های کنده شده انداخته شود و‬
of water flowing away to another level when
‫به اطراف ریشه های نهال انداخته‬
watering, the height of the top soil around
.‫شود‬
trees and shrubs shall be made 40 mm lower
than the surrounding level. ‫) در هر مرحله نهال شانی باید آب‬g(
‫ وبرای‬،‫کافی به نبات داده شود‬
(h) Each tree shall be protected by support posts. ‫اینکه آب از درخت به دیگر طرف ها‬
Such support posts (wooden or bamboo) shall ‫جریان نکند ساحه نزدیک درخت باید‬
be given a coating of creosote or its equivalent ‫ پایینتر از سطح‬40 mm ‫به اندازه‬
so that they do not quickly decay. Posts shall .‫اطراف باشد‬
be 1.8 m in length of which 60 cm shall be

361 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

buried in the soil. ‫) هر درخت باید توسط پوست های‬h(

(i) Trees shall be watered until they are growing )‫استنادی (پایه های موقتی استحکامی‬
healthily up to the end of the Period of ‫محکم گردد این پوست ها(چوبی ویا از‬
Warranty, the watering to be carried out in the ‫بانس) باید توسط تیل مخصوص بنام‬
mornings between 6 AM to 10 AM and in the ‫کریوزوت ویا معادل ان چرب گردیده‬
‫تا از تخریب زود هنگام آنها‬
afternoons from 3 PM until completed.
‫ پوست ها باید‬.‫جلوگیری صورت گیرد‬
‫ ان‬60 cm ‫ بوده که‬1.8 m ‫دارای طول‬
.‫در خاک می باشد‬
‫) درختان باید تا ختم مدت ورنتی توسط‬i(
‫ زمان آبیاری‬،‫قراردادی آبیاری گردد‬
6:00 ‫باید از طرف صبح بین ساعات‬
‫ صبح و ازطرف بعد از‬10:00 ‫صبح الی‬
.‫ بجه می باشد‬03:00 ‫ظهر بعد از‬

901.8 Planting Boxes ‫ بکس های نهال شانی‬901.8

Type 1 planting boxes shall be pre-cast concrete ‫ باکس های نهال شانی می باشد‬1 ‫نوع‬
comprising a group of 4 cylindrical containers as ‫که از کانکریت پیش ریخت ساخته می شوند‬
shown on the Drawings. ‫و طبق نقشه متشکل از چهار ظرف‬
Type 2 planting boxes shall be brick or block as .‫استوانوی می باشند‬
shown on the Drawings. Exposed brickwork/block ‫ باکس های نهال شانی می باشد‬2 ‫نوع‬
‫که از خشت و یا بلوک کانکریتی طبق‬
work shall be of best quality, true to line, with even
‫ اطراف خارجی‬.‫نقشه ها ساخته می شوند‬
joints.
‫خشت کاری وبلوک کاری باید دارای کیفیت‬
Palm fiber and broken bricks to promote drainage, ‫بهتر بوده و تمام شان هم خط و دارای‬
and soil for planting in the boxes shall be as shown .‫درز های یکسان باشند‬
on the Drawings. ‫استفاده از پارچه های خشت و بافت‬
‫خرما برای دریناژ بهتر و هم چنان خاک‬
‫برای این باکس ها باید مطابق نقشه ها‬
.‫باشند‬

901.9 Plantation Circles ‫ حلقه یا دوره نهال شانی‬901.9

Plantation circles for the protection of the trees ‫حلقه نهال شانی برای حقاظت درختان و‬
and shrubs on the footpath shall be provided as ‫بوته ها در پیاده روها مطابق نقشه‬
shown on the drawings. The work consists of ‫ این کار شامل اساس‬.‫اعمار می گردد‬
foundation base, bedding mortar and brick work. ‫ و خشت کاری می‬،‫ مصاله اساس‬،‫تهداب‬
The gap between the bricks shall be filled and ‫ خال ها میان خشت ها توسط مصاله‬.‫باشد‬
jointed with mortar (1:3). .‫) پر گردد‬1:3( ‫کانکریتی‬

901.10 Cleaning Up ‫ پاک کاری‬901.10

During and after the work of planting and other ‫درجریان و بعد از ختم کارهای نهال‬
works the Contractor shall continue to clean up all ‫شانی و دیگرکارهای قراردادی مکلف است‬
refuse or debris caused by landscaping activities ‫تا تمام مواد اضافی وفاضله را که به‬
over the pavements and/or the drains and ‫روی فرش ها و یا در کانال ها به اثر‬
channels for the duration of the Period of ‫فعالیت ها لندسکیپ یا تریین سطحی می‬
‫ماند تا وقتی پاک کاری می نماید که‬
Warranty. The Contractor shall transport the
‫ وبعد از ختم‬.‫مدت ورنتی تکمیل گردد‬
remaining materials left over and other rubbish
‫کارهای لندسکیپ قراردادی باید تمام‬

362 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

away from the site as early as possible when the ‫مواد باقیمانده و فاضله را از ساحه‬
landscaping activities are completed. .‫کاری در اسرع وقت ممکنه انتقال نماید‬

901.11 Nursing ‫ پرستاری‬901.11

Any weeds which grow after the landscaping work ‫بعد از تکمیل کارهای لند سکیپ یا‬
is completed shall be pulled up and removed. The ‫تریین سطحی اگر کدامی از گیاهان هرزه‬
use of chemical weed killer is not permitted. ‫می روید باید از بیخ کشیده شود و‬
Watering shall be carried out twice daily, mornings ‫استفاده از مواد کیمیاوی ضد گیاهان‬
and afternoons until growth is fully established ‫ برای رشد و نموی‬.‫هرزه مجاز نمی باشد‬
‫پایدار هر روز دودفعه یکی از طرف صبح‬
and thereafter to maintain healthy growth until
‫ودیگری بعد از ظهر آبیاری گردد و تا‬
the completion of the Period of Warranty.
.‫ختم مدت ورنتی رشد کافی نمایند‬
Applications of fertilizers, commencing 2 weeks
‫ دوهفته بعد از‬، ‫استفاده از کودها‬
after planting, are to be made twice monthly using ‫نهال شانی و دو دفعه در هر ماه از کود‬
"NPK" fertilizers, or any others proposed by the ‫ وهمچنان میتوان‬.‫)استفاده شود‬NPK(
Contractor and approved by the Engineer, for all ‫نوعی دیگری از کودها راکه قراردادی‬
trees and shrubs. ‫سفارش کرده و توسط انجینر مسؤل مورد‬
For any and all omissions by the Contractor during ‫تایید قرار گرفته باشد استفاده‬
the period of nursing which causes damage or ‫ درجریان مدت پرستاری نباتات‬.‫نمایند‬
death to the plant life, the Contractor will be ‫از طرف قراردادی اگر کدام اشتباه یا‬
required to replace the dead plants as quickly as ‫سهل انگاری قراردادی منجر به از بین‬
possible, at the latest 3 days after the request for ‫رفتن ویا تخریب نبات گردد قراردادی‬
replacement is issued. ‫مکلف است نبات تخریب شده را هر چه‬
‫عاجلتر تعویض نموده و بطور اعظمی تا‬
‫ روز بعد از صدرور درخواست تعویض‬3
.‫باید تعویض نبات متذکره صورت گیرد‬

901.12 Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه و طرز اندازه گیری‬901.12

The quantities to be paid for shall be the number ‫مقدار کار ایکه به اساس آن تادیات‬
of trees and plants satisfactorily planted and ‫صورت می گیرد عبارت است از تعداد‬
nurtured in accordance with the Drawings, these ‫درختان که بطور موفقانه و مطابق نقشه‬
Specifications and the Engineer's instructions. ‫غرس و پرورش یافته باشند و همچنان‬
Payment will be made for each type of planting ‫خواسته های مشخصات تخنیکی و هدایات‬
‫انجینر مسؤل نیز در نظر گرفته شده‬
box furnished and placed or constructed and
.‫باشند‬
accepted in accordance with the Drawings, and as
‫ دوره‬،‫برای هر نوع باکس های نهال شانی‬
directed by the Engineer.
‫ و نوار های‬،‫ها یا حلقه های نهال شانی‬
‫نهال شانی که مطابق نقشه ها و طبق‬
901 (1) Planting trees each ‫رهنمایی های انجینر مسؤل ساخته شده‬
901 (2) Planting shrubs each .‫باشند تادیات صورت می گیرد‬
901 (3) Plantation box each ‫درختان‬ ‫کشت‬ (1) 901
901 (4) Plantation circle each ‫فی عدد‬
‫بوته ها‬ ‫کشت‬ (2) 901
‫فی عدد‬
‫باکس های نها شانی‬ (3) 901
‫فی عدد‬
‫دوره های نهال شانی‬ (4) 901
‫فی عدد‬

363 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

‫شانی‬ ‫نهال‬ ‫های‬ ‫نوار‬ (5) 901

‫متر طول‬

901.13 Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬901.13

The work measured as provided above will be paid ‫کارهای ایکه به شیوه ذکر شده فوق‬
for at the Contract Unit Prices for each type of tree, ‫اندازه گیری گردد به اساس قیمت فی‬
shrub and planting box listed below. ‫واحد قراداد شده برای هر یکی از‬
The prices and payment shall be full compensation ،‫ باکس های نهال شانی‬،‫ بوته ها‬،‫درختان‬
for complying with local government authority ‫ که در فوق ذکر‬، ‫دوره های نهال شانی‬
.‫گردیده تادیات صورت می گیرد‬
requirements, for furnishing, planting and
‫قیمت ها و تادیات باید شامل تمام‬
nurturing the trees and shrubs, and for furnishing
،‫شرایط ادارات محلی را در قسمت ایجاد‬
and placing all materials, for foundations, for all
‫ و پرورش درختان و بته ها و‬، ‫کشت‬
excavation, backfill and reinstatement for planting ‫همچنان برای مصارف اماده سازی و‬
boxes, and all labors, material, tools, equipment ،‫ کندن کاری‬،‫جاسازی مواد بستر و تهداب‬
and incidentals necessary to complete the work ‫ و جاسازی باکس های نهال شانی‬،‫پرکاری‬
‫ و غیره‬،‫ وسایل‬،‫ مواد‬،‫ مصارفات کارگر‬،
‫مصارفات ایکه برای تکمیل کار ضروری‬
.‫می باشند تکافو نماید‬

902 Surface Treatment of Steel

902.1 Scope of Work
This specification covers the surface treatment of
all steel parts, including surface preparation and
galvanizing or painting in accordance with the
specifications and drawings or as required by the
Engineer.

902.2 Materials
(a) Materials used for painting steel shall be as
shown on the Drawings or specified elsewhere
and shall conform to the requirements of the
following specifications :
JIS K 5400 Testing Methods for Organic
Coatings
JIS K 5421 Boiled Oil and Boiled Linseed Oil
JIS K 5516 Ready Mixed Paint
JIS K 5492 Aluminum Paint
JIS K 5621 Anticorrosive Paint for General
Use
JIS K 5622 Red-Lead Anticorrosive Paint
JIS K 5623 Lead Suboxide Anticorrosive Paint
(Class 1)
JIS K 5624 Basic Lead Chromate
Anticorrosive Paint (Class 1)
JIS K 5625 Lead Cyanamide Anticorrosive

364 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

Paint (Class 1)
JIS K 5626 Zinc Dust Anticorrosive Paint
JIS K 5627 Zinc Chromate Anticorrosive Paint
JIS K 5628 Red-Lead Zinc Chromate
Anticorrosive Paint
JIS K 5633 Etching Primer (Class 2)
JIS K 5664 Tar-Epoxy Resin Paint
Where paints are specified that do not comply
with any of the above specifications, they shall
be supplied only by recognized manufacturers,
and samples and technical data shall be
submitted to the Engineer for his approval. In
any paint system (viz. primer, undercoats,
intermediate coat and finishing coats) each
coat of paint shall be compatible with the
other, and to ensure this, all paint shall be
obtained from the same approved
manufacturer with a guarantee of
compatibility.

(b) Galvanizing shall in general conform to the

requirements of AASHTO M-111 or JIS H 8641
class 3-55C and JIS H 0401. Material thinner
than 3.2 mm may be galvanized before
fabrication in conformance with the
requirements of ASTM A 525. Galvanizing of
iron and steel hardware and nuts and bolts
shall conform to the specifications of AASHTO
M-232 or equal.

902.3 Construction Requirements

(a) Surface Preparation
Before the application of any paint or
galvanizing, the surface to be treated shall be
thoroughly cleaned and freed from all scale,
rust and other deleterious matters. Oil and
grease shall be removed from the surface by
washing with solvents or with a detergent
solution before any blast cleaning operation. If
any traces of oil or grease remain after
blasting, they shall be removed by solvent
cleaning and the area reblasted.
If cleaned surfaces rust or are contaminated
with foreign material before painting or
galvanizing is accomplished, they shall be

365 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

recleaned.
All welding areas shall be given special
attention for removal of weld flux slag, weld
metal splatter, weld head oxides, weld flux
fumes, slivers and other foreign objects. Any
rough welding seams are to be ground
smooth.

(b) Painting
The execution of the painting works shall be
carried out in a neat and workmanlike manner
by experienced labor to the satisfaction of the
Engineer. Furthermore, the application of the
paints shall be carried out in accordance with
the manufacturer's recommendations.
Planning and execution of the painting work
shall be in conformity with the manufacturer's
specifications in respect to minimum and
maximum intervals between the applications
of the individual coats.
If a coating material requires the addition of a
curing agent, the pot life under application
conditions shall be clearly stated on the
container label, and this pot life shall not be
exceeded. When the pot life limit is reached,
spray equipment shall be emptied, remaining
material discarded, the equipment cleaned
and new material prepared.
Each coat shall be applied uniformly over the
entire surface. Skips, runs, sags and drips shall
be avoided. When these occur they shall be
brushed out immediately or the material shall
be allowed to dry for the time specified by the
manufacturer or as directed by the Engineer
before application of any succeeding coat.
The surface must be completely dry, and its
temperature shall be at least 5 degrees C
above the dew point. Paint shall only be
applied in suitable weather conditions and any
fresh paint damaged by weather shall be
repaired or replaced at the Contractor's
expense. Measures shall be taken to prevent
dust or other extraneous matter from
adhering to wet paint.
Brushes, when used, shall have sufficient body

366 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

and length of bristle to spread the paint in a

uniform film. Paint shall be evenly spread and
thoroughly brushed out. On all surfaces which
are inaccessible for painting by regular means,
the paint shall be applied by sheepskin
daubers, bottle brushes, or by any other
means approved by the Engineer. Rollers,
when used, shall be of a type which does not
leave a stippled texture in the paint film.
A water trap acceptable to the Engineer shall
be furnished and installed on all equipment
used in spray painting. Prior to applying, the
paint shall be mixed a sufficient length of time
to thoroughly mix the pigment and vehicle
together, and shall be kept thoroughly mixed
during its application.
The dry film thickness of the paint will be
measured in place with a calibrated magnetic
film thickness gauge. The thickness of each
application shall be as specified.
When dry film thickness is less than that
specified additional coats shall be applied as
required at no additional cost to the Employer.
Particular attention shall be paid to the film
thickness on edges, welding, etc.
Number of coats, type of paint and dry film
thickness of the paint shall be as follows unless
otherwise specified or noted on the Drawings.

Minimum
Number of

Film
Type of Paint
Thickness
Coats

per Coat
(micron)
Two Lead Suboxide (JIS K 5623) 35
or
Basic Lead Chromate (JIS K
5624) or
Lead Cyanamide (JIS K
5625)
One Phenol M10 (or equivalent) 45

One Chlorinated Rubber 35

Intermediate Coat

One Chlorinated Rubber Top 30

Coat

367 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

Succeeding applications of paint shall be of

such shade as to contrast with the paint being
covered.
Paint color shall be approved by the Engineer
prior to commencing the work.

(c) Protection of Paintwork

The Contractor shall provide protective
measures as necessary to prevent damage to
the work and to other property or persons
from all cleaning and painting operations.
Paint or paint stains which result in an
unsightly appearance on surfaces not
designated to be painted shall be removed or
obliterated by the Contractor at his expense.
All painted surfaces that in the opinion of the
Engineer are marred or damaged in any way,
shall be repaired by the Contractor, at his
expense, with materials and to a condition
equal to that of the coating specified herein.

(d) Galvanizing
Except for pre-galvanized standard pipe,
galvanizing of material 3.2 mm thick or thicker
shall be performed after fabrication into the
largest practical sections.
All welded areas shall be thoroughly cleaned
prior to galvanizing to remove all slag or other
material that would interfere with the
adherence of the zinc. When it is necessary to
straighten any sections after galvanizing, such
work shall be performed without damage to
the zinc coating.
Galvanizing surfaces that are abraded or
damaged at any time after the application of
the zinc coating shall be repaired by
thoroughly wire brushing the damaged areas
and removing all loose and cracked coating,
after which the cleaned areas shall be painted
with three applications of zinc anticorrosive
paint as approved by the Engineer.

902.4 Method of Measurement

368 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

Painting and galvanizing will not be measured for

direct payment.

902.5 Rates
Performance of this work shall not be paid for
separately, but shall be a subsidiary obligation of
the Contractor for which full payment is made in
the payment of Contract prices for the work items
in which it is called for or required.

903 Bus Stop Shelter

903.1 Scope of Work
This work shall include preparing shop drawings,
foundation, furnishing, fabricating, transporting,
erecting and painting of Bus Stop shelter
construction of the kind, size and quantity in
conformity with the drawings and these
specifications or as approved by the Engineer.

903.2 Material
903.2.1 General
Materials to be used in the work shall conform to
the specifications mentioned on the drawings and
in these specifications. If any material not covered
in these specifications is required to be used in the
work, it shall conform to relevant international
standards approved by the Engineer.
The applicable international standards shall be as
follows (in alphabetical order);
AASHTO American Association of State Highway
and Transportation Officials
AISC American Institute of Steel
Construction
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ASME American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
ASTM American Society of Tests and
Materials
AWS American Welding Society
ISO International Standard Organization
Other approved by the Engineer
The Contractor shall submit the copies of the
relevant part of the international standards when
requested by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall submit the overall program
for the bus stop works including the schedule of
submission of shop drawings prior to the
commencement of the work. Method statement
for fabrication, foundation transportation,

369 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

erection and inspection, including welding plan,

painting plan, etc. shall also be submitted.
The Contractor shall submit the material
certificates for all the materials with necessary
information such as the source of the materials,
mill sheets, chemical components, test results, etc.
to the Engineer for approval.

903.2.2 Concrete Works

(1) General

The work shall consist of furnishing and placing

structural concrete works for bus stop in
accordance with these Specifications and in
conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions,
as shown on the drawings or as directed by the
Engineer.

(2) Material

Materials to be used in the work shall conform to

the specifications mentioned on the drawings, the
requirements laid down in Section 4 (Concrete
Works) and specifications for relevant items of
work covered under these specifications.

903.2.3 Steel Works

(1) General

This work shall include furnishing,

fabricating, transporting, welding, erecting
and painting structural steel, cast steel, steel
forgings, cast iron and other incidental bus
stop metal construction of the kind, size and
quantity in conformity with the drawings and
these specifications or as approved by the
Engineer.

(2) Material

Materials to be used in the work shall conform

to the specifications mentioned on the
drawings, the requirements laid down in
Section 6 (Steel Works) in these specifications.
If any material not covered in these
specifications is required to be used in the
work, it shall conform to relevant
international standards approved by the

370 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

Engineer.

903.3 Method of Measurement

903.4 Rates

904 Gabions ‫ گابیون ها‬904

904.1 Scope of Work ‫شرح‬ 904.1
The work shall consist of furnishing and placing ‫این کار شامل تهیه و ریخت سنگ (سنگ‬
rocks (boulders, stones, etc.) and wire mesh ‫ سنگ دریایی و غیره) و‬,‫های نسبتا کالن‬
baskets (gabions), installed at the locations ‫جال ها (گابیون ها) که در ساحات تعین‬
designated, in accordance with the Specifications ‫شده در مطابقت با طرزالعمل و همخوانی‬
and in conformity with the lines, grades, ‫با اندازه ها و سطوح نشان داده شده‬
.‫در نقشه یا هدایت انجنییر میباشد‬
dimensions and arrangements shown in the
Drawings or as directed by the Engineer.

904.2 Materials ‫مواد‬ 904.2

Gabions shall be constructed of wire mesh cage ‫گابیون ها با جال های آهنی پر شده‬
filled with boulders and stones at the location to ‫توسط سنگ های ذکر شده و به اندازه های‬
the dimensions and shape as shown in the ‫داده شده در موقعیت های داده شده‬

371 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

Drawings. .‫ساخته شود‬

‫جال های سیمی‬ )1(
(1) Wire Mesh ‫ ملی‬2.7 ‫سیم جال گلونایز شده و به قطر‬
The wire mesh shall be made of galvanized steel ‫ میگا پاسکال‬600 ‫ الی‬300 ‫با قوه کششی‬
wire having a diameter not less than 2.7 mm with ‫ ملی‬150 ‫ جال نباید اظافه تر از‬.‫باشد‬
a tensile strength of 300 to 600 MPa. The mesh ‫باشد مگر اینکه در نقشه ها نشان داده‬
shall not be more than 150mm unless otherwise ‫ گلونایز کاری باید در مطابقت‬.‫باشد‬
specified in the Drawings. Galvanization shall ‫ " کار های ساختمان فلزی" این‬6-‫با بخش‬
conform to the requirement given in Section 7 .‫طرزالعمل باشد‬
“Structural Steel Works” in these Specifications. ‫ دوره ای بوده تا جال شش‬3 ‫سیم ها باید‬
The wires shall be triple twisted to form a uniform ‫ضلعی را تشنیل دهد یا اشکال دیگر که‬
hexagonal mesh pattern or otherwise approved by ‫ جال ها به‬.‫طبق هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
the Engineer. The mesh shall be fabricated is such ‫شکل غیر چسپیده تولید گردد تا در‬
a manner as to be non-raveling to resist from .‫مقابل کشش از خود مقاومت نشان دهد‬
pulling apart at any of the twists or connections ‫ در‬,‫گابیون ها باید توسط پرده ها‬
forming the mesh when a single wire strand in a ‫ متری در هر گابیون انداخته‬1 ‫فاصله‬
section is cut. The gabion shall be equally divided ‫ مساویانه به حجره های که طول آن‬,‫شود‬
‫از عرض ارضانی آن اضافه نگردد تقسیم‬
by diaphragms, placed at not more than 1.0m
.‫گردد‬
intervals and of the same mesh and gauge as the
‫تمام کناره های جال که تشکیل دهنده‬
body of the gabions, into cells the length of which
‫گابیون ها است باید به صورت درست بافت‬
does not exceed the horizontal width. The gabions ‫گردیده تا جاینت های بافت شده دارای‬
shall be furnished with necessary diaphragms ‫ بافت هاییکه در‬.‫مقاومت خود جال باشد‬
secured in proper position on the base in such a ‫کناره ها مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد‬
manner that no additional tying at the junction will ‫ ملی قطر بوده و باید‬3.4 ‫باید حد اقل‬
be necessary. .‫مطابق به مشخصات جال باشد‬
All perimeter edges of the mesh forming the ‫سیم ها برای بسته بندی باید به مقدار‬
gabion shall be securely selvaged so that the ‫کافی تهیه شده تا کناره ها و پرده های‬
joints, by tying the selvages, have at least the same ‫گابیون را به صورت مصون محکم گردیده‬
strength as the body of the mesh. Selvage wire ‫ سیم در هر حجره که‬4 ‫و باعث تهیه‬
used through all the edges (perimeter wire) shall 8 ‫ یا ½ عرض گابیون و‬1/3 ‫ارتفاع آن‬
not be less than 3.4mm diameter and shall meet ‫سیم وصلی در هر حجره که ارتفاع آن‬
the same specifications as the wire mesh. .‫برابر با عرض گابیون باشد‬
Tie and connection wires shall be supplied in ‫شکل و اندازه گابیون ها باید مطابق‬
‫به نقشه ها و یا در مطابقت با هدایت‬
sufficient quantity to securely fasten all edges of
.‫انجنییر باشد‬
the gabion and diaphragms and to provide for four
‫سنگ ها‬ )2(
cross-connecting wires in each cell whose height is
1/3 or 1/2 the width of the gabion, and 8 cross- ‫اندزه سنگ ها باید در مطابقت با‬
connecting wires in each cell whose height equals ‫نقشه ها بوده تا در داخل جال باقی‬
‫مانده و دارای وزن کافی باشد تا در‬
the width of the gabion.
‫ فشار زمین و غیره‬,‫مقابل سرعت جریان‬
The shape and sizes of gabions shall be as shown
‫ اندازه سنگ باید به‬.‫مقاومت نماید‬
in the Drawings unless otherwise approved by the
‫ وزن مخصوصه سنگ‬.‫حد کافی بزرگ باشد‬
Engineer. ‫ها باید به حد کافی باال بوده و‬
‫گابیون ها باید دارای وزن مخصوصه حد‬
(2) Boulders and stones .‫ باشد‬1400 Kg/m3 ‫اقل‬
The size of the boulders and stones shall be as

372 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

indicated in the Drawings to stay in the cage and

having required weight to resist against flow
velocity, earth pressure, etc. The size of stone shall
be as large as possible. The specific gravity of
stones shall be as high as possible and the filled
gabions shall have a minimum unit weight of 1,400
kg/m3.

904.3 Construction Requirements ‫مقتضیات ساخت و ساز‬ 904.3

The surface on which the gabions are to be laid ‫بستر برای گابیون ها باید هموار کاری‬
shall be leveled and prepared for the length and ‫و آماده به طول و عرض داده شده در‬
width as shown in the Drawings. .‫نقشه ها گردد‬
Wherever possible, gabion cage shall be placed in ‫ گابیون ها قبل از پر‬,‫در صورت امکان‬
position before filling with boulders and stones. ‫ هر گابیون‬.‫کاری در ساحه جابجا گردد‬
‫تهیه شده توسط تمام کناره های عمودی‬
Each gabion unit shall be assembled by binding
‫با سیم ها برای بسته بندی به فاصله‬
together all vertical edges with wire ties on
‫ ملی با توته های متوالی از‬150 ‫تقریبی‬
approximately 150mm spacing or by a continuous
‫سیم ها که در اطراف کناره های عمودی‬
piece of connecting wire stitched around the
‫توسط حلقه های طاقه ای و دوگانه در‬
vertical edges with single and double loops
.‫ متر به هم چیوسط گردد‬100 ‫فاصله‬
alternately at 100m intervals. Empty gabion units ‫گابیون های خالی باید در مسیر ها و‬
shall be set to line and grade as shown in the ‫میل های داده شده در نقشه ها و در‬
Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Wire ties ‫ سیم‬.‫مطابقت با هدایت انجنییر باشد‬
or connecting wires shall be used to join the units ‫ها برای بسته بندی و اتصال واحد ها‬
together in the same manner as described above ‫ سیم‬.‫به همدیگر طبق شرح باال صورت گیرد‬
for assembling. Internal tie wires shall be ‫های بسته بندی دخولی باید به فاصله‬
uniformly spaced and securely fastened in each ‫ُون در هر حجره‬
‫های متناسب و به صورت مص‬
cell of the structure. .‫ساختمان بسته بندی گردد‬
A standard fence stretcher, chain fall, or iron rod ‫ طناب زنجیره ای‬,‫یک نگه دارنده جال‬
may be used to stretch the wire baskets and hold ‫یا راد های آهنی به منظور کشش سیم جال‬
.‫ها و نگهداشتن شکل استفاده میگردد‬
alignment.
‫گابیون ها باید توسط سنگ و سنگریزه‬
The gabion shall be filled with boulders and stones
‫ُمین کننده‬‫های دقیق جابجا شده که تا‬
carefully placed hand to assure alignment and
‫مسیر جال ها و حد اقل خالیگاه ها در‬
avoid bulges with minimum of voids. Alternate ‫ جابجایی سنگ ها و سیم های‬.‫آن باشد‬
placing of rocks and connection wires shall be ‫عوضی باید تا موقع پر شدن گابیون‬
performed until the gabion is filled. After a gabion ‫ سر‬,‫ بعد از پر شدن گابیون‬.‫انجام شود‬
has been filled, the lid shall be bent over until it ‫پوش باید تا حدی منحنی گردد تا به‬
meets the sides and edges. The lid shall then be ‫ پوشش‬.‫کناره های آن همخوانی پیدا کند‬
secured to the sides, ends and diaphragms with ‫ انجام ها و پرده‬,‫ً با کناره ها‬ ‫بعدا‬
wire ties or connecting wire in the manner ‫ها توسط سیم های اتصالی یا محکم‬
described for assembling. ‫گیرنده طبق روش بسته این طرزالعمل‬
.‫محکم گردد‬

904.4 Method of Measurement ‫روش اندازه گیری‬ 904.4

Gabions shall be measured in cubic meters of the ‫گابیون ها به متر مکعب نظر به اندازه‬

373 | S e c t i o n 9
Section 9: Miscellaneous General Technical Specification

volume of the gabions provided and accepted ‫های داده شده در نقشه ها محاسبه‬
calculated from the dimensions shown in the ‫گردیده و هیچ تفریقی بنابر موجودیت‬
Drawings without any deduction of voids between .‫خال در آن صورت نمیگیرد‬
boulders and stones.

706 (1) Gabions cum

904.5 Rates ‫نرخ ها‬ 904.5

The Contract unit rate for gabions shall constitutes ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
full compensation labors, materials, equipment ,‫برای گابیون ها شامل نرخ کاریگر ها‬
and tools for furnishing materials, fabrication, ‫ وسایل و لوازم برای لوازم‬,‫مواد‬
placing wire baskets and rocks, and all incidental ‫ جابجایی جال های سیمی‬,‫ تولید‬,‫اثاثیه‬
works to complete the work in accordance with ‫و سنگها و تمام مواد مورد نیاز برای‬
‫تکمیلی کار طبق نقشه و طرزالهمل هذا‬
the Drawings and as per these specifications.
.‫میگردد‬

374 | S e c t i o n 9
 905. COBBLESTONE PAVEMENT

PAVEMENT SCOPE
These specifications cover the construction of cobblestone pavements. The work shall consist of furnishing
and setting granite cobblestone pavers on a stone dust setting bed over a gravel base course in accordance
with these specifications and in close conformity with the lines and grades shown on the plans or established
by the Engineer.

MATERIALS

Materials shall meet the requirements specified in the following descriptions and/or sub-sections of Division
III of the Massachusetts Standard Specifications for Bridges and Highways.

Cobblestones. Cobblestones shall be granite, of fairly uniform shape and color, free from cracks and other
structural imperfections or flaws which would impair its structural integrity, and of a smooth appearance.
Natural color variations, characteristic of the deposit source will be permitted. Cobblestones shall be similar
to existing cobblestones on various downtown streets. Samples shall be submitted for approval by the
Nantucket Planning Board.

Sand Borrow. M1.04.0 Type A.

Portland Cement. M1.01.0

Stone Dust. Stone dust shall conform to the following gradation requirements:

Passing Sieve Size Percentage Passing

No. 4 100

No. 50 90
No. 200 65

Gravel Borrow. M1.03.0 Type b

CONSTRUCTION METHODS

The subbase below the stone dust setting bed shall be fine graded and thoroughly compacted (as required
under section 401. of the M.S.S.B.H).

Cobblestones shall be carefully laid on a stone dust setting bed as shown on the plans, and shall be solidly
rammed in position by hand.

The cobblestones shall be set with the long axis of each stone vertical to the roadway surface. The
cobblestones shall be set such that each cobblestone is touching another cobblestone.

The cobblestones shall be compacted and tamped with a mechanical plate compactor or by another method
approved by the Board or its Agent. After a sufficient area of pavement has been laid, the pavement surface
shall be tested with a 10-foot straight edge and laid parallel with the centerline and any variations exceeding

xiii
1/2 inch shall be corrected and brought to proper grade. Any stones that become cracked during these
procedures shall be removed and replaced.

The cobblestones shall be swept with a sand/cement mixture (three parts dry sand, one part cement) and
fogged with water. The pavement surface shall be vibrated with a lightweight plate compactor to insure
compaction between the joints. Additional joint filler of sand/cement mixture shall be uniformly distributed
as necessary to fill all of the voids. The process shall be repeated for a maximum of five days until all the
joints are full.

xiv