GE3451 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND SUSTAINABILITY
LTPC2002
UNIT I ENVIRONMENT AND BIODIVERSITY 6
Definition, scope and importance of environment – need for public awareness. Eco-system and
Energy flow– ecological succession. Types of biodiversity: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity– values
of biodiversity, India as a mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat
loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – endangered and endemic species of India – conservation
of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ.
UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 6
Causes, Effects and Preventive measures of Water, Soil, Air and Noise Pollutions. Solid, Hazardous
and E-Waste management. Case studies on Occupational Health and SafetyManagement system
(OHASMS). Environmental protection, Environmental protection acts .
UNIT III RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY 6
Energy management and conservation, New Energy Sources: Need of new sources. Different types
new energy sources. Applications of- Hydrogen energy, Ocean energy resources, Tidal energy conversion.
Concept, origin and power plants of geothermal energy.
UNIT IV SUSTAINABILITY AND MANAGEMENT 6
Development, GDP, Sustainability- concept, needs and challenges-economic, social and aspects of
sustainability-from unsustainability to sustainability-millennium development goals, and protocols
Sustainable Development Goals-targets, indicators and intervention areas Climate change- Global, Regional
and local environmental issues and possible solutions-case studies. Concept of Carbon Credit, Carbon
Footprint. Environmental management in industry-A case study.
UNIT V SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES 6
Zero waste and R concept, Circular economy, ISO 14000 Series, Material Life cycle assessment,
Environmental Impact Assessment. Sustainable habitat: green buildings, green materials, Energy efficiency,
Sustainable transports. Sustainable energy: Non-conventional Sources, Energy Cycles carbon cycle,
emission and sequestration, Green Engineering: Sustainable urbanization- Socioeconomical and
technological change.
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS
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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Anubha Kaushik and C. P. Kaushik’s “Perspectives in Environmental Studies”, 6th Edition, New
Age International Publishers ,2018.
2. Benny Joseph, ‘Environmental Science and Engineering’, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2016.
3. Gilbert M.Masters, ‘Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science’, 2nd edition, Pearson
Education, 2004.
4. Allen, D. T. and Shonnard, D. R., Sustainability Engineering: Concepts, Design and Case Studies,
Prentice Hall.
5. Bradley. A.S; Adebayo, A.O., Maria, P. Engineering applications in sustainable design and
development, Cengage learning.
6. Environment Impact Assessment Guidelines, Notification of Government of India, 2006.
7. Mackenthun, K.M., Basic Concepts in Environmental Management, Lewis Publication, London,
1998.
REFERENCES:
1. R.K. Trivedi, ‘Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and Standards’,
Vol. I and II, Enviro Media. 38. edition 2010.
2. Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, ‘Environmental Encyclopedia’, Jaico Publ., House,
Mumbai, 2001.
3. Dharmendra S. Sengar, ‘Environmental law’, Prentice Hall of India PVT. LTD, New Delhi, 2007.
4. Rajagopalan, R, ‘Environmental Studies-From Crisis to Cure’, Oxford University Press, Third
Edition, 2015.
5. ErachBharucha “Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses” Orient
BlackswanPvt. Ltd. 2013.
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GE 3451 Environmental science and sustainability Question bank
PART–A UNIT – I- Environment and Biodiversity
1) State the significance and scope of environmental education.
2) Define the term Environmental studies and environmental engineering.
3) Define environmental impact statement.
4) What is food chain- Sequence of eating.
5) What is food web – Interlink various food chains.
6) Define ecosystem - Interaction between living and nonliving.
7) What are Autotrophs – Prepare their own food.
8) What are heterotrophs - Depends Producer for their food.
9) What is ecological succession – Replacement one community by another.
10) What is ecological pyramidal – graphical representation of energy levels of the ecosystem.
11) Define biodiversity – verity of living things in environment
a. Genetic diversity – Variation with in a species
b. Species diversity – Variation between different species
c. Ecosystem diversity – Variation between different ecosystem
12) Give few examples for Endangered species – species going to extinct Ex Tiger, African elephant
Endemic species – Species found in particular area Ex Kangaroo
13) RED data book – Data book contain list endanger species.
14) Define In-situ Conservation - Within their living place (Habitat).
Ex-situ Conservation - Outside their living place (Habitat).
15) Define Point richness – The place at which large no of species can be found.
16) Define Hot spot – the place which have high endemic species.
Ex (a) Eastern Himalayas (b) Western Ghats
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UNIT – II - Environmental Pollution
1) What do you understand by soil pollution?
2) What is meant by thermal pollution? – Due to Heat
3) Air Pollution
a. Primary (NO2 SO2 emitted directly in atmosphere)
b. Secondary air (Derivative of primary pollution)
c. SPM (Suspended particulate mater) – very fine particle in atmosphere
d. Photochemical Smog – Brownish smog due to traffic
4) Water pollution a.
a. Point source - waste water from industry, power plant etc.
b. Non point source - Rain water from agriculture land run-off.
5) Marine pollution – Discharge of waste substance in sea.
6) Unit of noise – Decibel (dB), Normal (35 to 60 dB)
7) What are the various sources of radioactive pollution - Nuclear hazard
8) Define solid waste. Types – Municipal, Industrial & Hazardous waste.
9) What is e waste? – electronic waste
10) What is hazarder waste management?
11) Define OHASMS – Occupational health and safety management system – reduce risk (or)
accident (or) injuries
12) 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle)
13) Differentiate between recycling and reuse.
14) Mention the sources of solid waste. Industrial waste and domestic waste etc.
a. Biodegradable waste – can be degraded by micro organism ex food, vegetable etc.
b. Non biodegradable waste – can’t be degraded by micro organism.
15) Write effect of noise pollution.
16) Write the objective of any Act.
(a) Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1974, (b) Forest (Conservation) Act,
1980
(c) Air (Prevention and control of) Pollution Act, 198, (d) Environment (protection) Act,
1986
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UNIT – III – Renewable Sources of Energy
1) What is energy management ?- less energy lower costs and reduce environmental impact
2) What is energy conservation - less energy lower costs and reduce environmental impact
3) What are the problem of using hydrogen as a new energy sources?
4) What is the significance of OTE?
5) What is tidal energy?
6) Give some importance application of GTE.
7) What is biomass energy – plants (or) animals used as sources of energy. Biomass is burned directly
for heating, cooling and industrial purpose.
8) What are (non-conventional) renewable energy – can be regenerate again and again
Solar energy – conversion of sun light into current by using p and n type semi conductors.
Wind energy - The equipment used to convert the wind into current
Tidal energy - High tide of sea water is used to rotate the turbine which produces current.
Geothermal energy - High temperature present inside the earth (Rotate turbine to produce current)
Ocean Thermal energy - Temperature difference between the surface and deeper level of sea.
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UNIT – IV- Social Issues and the Environment
1) Define the term sustainable development. Without compromising the requirement of future
generation.
2) Define urbanization - conversion of suburban into urban
3) NGO – nongovernment organization – to create awareness about environment and improve the life
style
4) Define water conservation – Save water for future use.
5) Write short note on types of GDP
I. Normal GDP – total value of all goods and services produced at current market prices
II. Real GDP – the sum of all goods and services produced at constant prices
III. Actual GDP – real time measurement of all outputs at any interval (or) any given time.
6) How will you calculate GDP?
7) What is climate change?
8) Environment problem
a. Global warming (or) Green House effect - Increase the temperature (increase CO2) of earth
b. Acid rain – Atmosphere SO2, NO2 are reacted with water to form acid rain
c. Ozone layer depletion (Hole) – Formation of hole in ozone layer due to CFC, BFC
Dobson unit – Unit ozone layer (1 DU = 0.01mm thickness)
d. Nuclear accident – Breakage of nuclear power plant
e. Nuclear Holocaust – Destruction of biodiversity by nuclear accident
Nuclear winter – black smog during nuclear accident decrease the
temperature
9) Define carbon credit- carbon credit is tradable permit (or) certificate that represents the rights to emit
a set amount of CO2 (or) 1 tone of CO2 (or) the equivalent amount of green house gas.
10) What are the types of carbon credits?
11) Define carbon footprint. –total amount of green house gases (CO 2 & CH4) produced direct or
indirect.
12) What is environmental management?
13) Define CDM. Clean Development Mechanism - Reducing CO2 and HFC emission.
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UNIT- V – Sustainability practices
1) What is zero waste
2) What are the benefits of zero waste?
3) Define R concept
4) Give any 5 importance of 3R
5) Define circular economy.
6) What is ISO?
7) What is ISI4000?
8) What is material life cycle assessment?
9) What is EIA
10) What is sustainable habitat?
11) What are green building?
12) What are green materials? Give examples.
13) Define energy efficiency
14) How do you calculate energy efficiency?
15) What is sustainable transport? Give example.
16) What is sustainable energy?
17) What is carbon cycle ?
18) What is carbon emission?
19) Define carbon sequestration.
20) What is green engineering?
21) What is sustainable urbanization?
22) What is the rules to develop a sustainable urbanization?
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GE 3451 Environmental science and sustainability PART-B & C
UNIT – I- Environment and Biodiversity
1) ***Explain the structural features and functions of ecosystem (any one) Forest, Aquatic etc.
2) Briefly explain the energy flow through ecosystem (Food web, Food Chain).
3) Explain in detail about Ecological succession and ecological pyramid.
4) ***Describe the term hot spot of biodiversity.
5) ***Discuss the status of India as a mega diversity nation of biodiversity.
6) Discuss the endangered and endemic species of India.
7) Discuss the Biodiversity at global, national and local level.
8) ***Write short note on
(a) Value of Biodiversity (b) Threats to Biodiversity
9) ***Write a short note on Ex-situ and Insitu Conservation of Bio-diversity.
UNIT – II - Environmental Pollution
1) ***Explain the sources, effects and control measures of Air pollution.
2) ***Explain the sources, effects and control measures of Water pollution.
3) ***Explain the sources, effects and control measures of Noise pollution.
4) Explain the sources, effects and control measures of Soil pollution.
5) ***Discuss in detail about Solid waste management.
6) ***Discuss in detail about e –waste management.
7) ***Discuss in detail about Hazardous waste management.
8) What is Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHASMS)?. Explain any one
case study.
9) ***Explain the following Act (Functions of State Board and Central Board)
(a) Water Act (b) Forest Act (c) Air Act (d) Environment Act
UNIT – III – Renewable sources of energy
1) Explain the principle and various step involved in the energy management.
2) What are the objectives, principle and importance of e waste management?
3) Write Short note on new energy sources.
4) Explain application of hydrogen energy.
5) Explain the application of ocean thermal energy (OTE).
6) Write the application of geothermal energy (GTE).
7) Write short note on Tidal energy.
UNIT – IV- Sustainability and management
1) Explain the types, characteristics and step of development.
2) What is GDP? How is calculated? Explain its merits.
3) Define sustainability? What is the need of sustainability.
4) Explain the economic and social challenges of sustainability.
5) Explain the various aspects and relationship of sustainability.
6) Explain the causes and characteristics of unsustainably.
7) Write notes on
a. Millennium Development Goals
b. Sustainability protocols
8) Write notes on concept, goal and aim of sustainable development.
9) Explain the sustainable development targets.
10) What are the causes, effects and possible solution of climate change?
11) What is meant by carbon credit? Explain its types and merits.
12) Explain the sources, causes and remedy measure of carbon foot print.
13) What is environmental management? Explain the various steps of environment management.
14) Explain the objectives and principles of environmental management.
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UNIT- V- Sustainability Practices
1) What is Zero waste? Explain its concept and principles.
2) What is R concept? Explain its concept and advantage and disadvantage of R concept.
3) What is circular economy? Explain its concept steps involved in achieving a circular economy.
4) What are ISO and ISO14000 series? List out any five ISO14000 series standards.
5) What is life cycle assessment? Explain the various step involved in life cycle assessment.
6) What is environment impact assessment (EIA)? Explain the objectives and benefits of EIA.
7) What is sustainable habitat? Explain its characteristics and objectives of it.
8) What is green building? Explain its criteria and features.
9) What is energy efficiency? Explain methods of achieving energy efficiency? How to calculate it.
10) What is sustainable transport? Explain the key elements of sustainable transport.
11) What is sustainable energy (non-conventional energy) sources of energy.
12) What is energy cycle? Explain the carbon cycle with a neat diagram.
13) What is carbon emission? Explain its types and remedy.
14) Define carbon sequestration. Explain the various types’ carbon sequestration.
15) Explain the principle, goal and benefits of green engineering.
16) Write notes on socio-economical change on sustainable urbanization.
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