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Expanding Brackets and Simplifying Expressions

The document provides a comprehensive guide on expanding brackets and simplifying expressions with multiple examples and exercises. It includes step-by-step solutions for various mathematical expressions, demonstrating how to expand and simplify them effectively. Additionally, there are exercises for practice along with their answers to reinforce the concepts presented.

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9 views3 pages

Expanding Brackets and Simplifying Expressions

The document provides a comprehensive guide on expanding brackets and simplifying expressions with multiple examples and exercises. It includes step-by-step solutions for various mathematical expressions, demonstrating how to expand and simplify them effectively. Additionally, there are exercises for practice along with their answers to reinforce the concepts presented.

Uploaded by

emilmailspam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RH

Expanding brackets and simplifying expressions

Example 1 Expand 4(3x − 2)

4(3x − 2) = 12x − 8 Multiply everything inside the bracket


by the 4 outside the bracket

Example 2 Expand and simplify 3(x + 5) − 4(2x + 3)

3(x + 5) − 4(2x + 3) 1 Expand each set of brackets


= 3x + 15 − 8x – 12 separately by multiplying (x + 5) by
3 and (2x + 3) by −4
= 3 − 5x 2 Simplify by collecting like terms:
3x − 8x = −5x and 15 − 12 = 3

Example 3 Expand and simplify (x + 3)(x + 2)

(x + 3)(x + 2) 1 Expand the brackets by multiplying


= x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) (x + 2) by x and (x + 2) by 3
= x2 + 2x + 3x + 6
= x2 + 5x + 6 2 Simplify by collecting like terms:
2x + 3x = 5x

Example 4 Expand and simplify (x − 5)(2x + 3)

(x − 5)(2x + 3) 1 Expand the brackets by multiplying


= x(2x + 3) − 5(2x + 3) (2x + 3) by x and (2x + 3) by −5
= 2x2 + 3x − 10x − 15
= 2x2 − 7x − 15 2 Simplify by collecting like terms:
3x − 10x = −7x

Exercise

1 Expand.
a 3(2x − 1) b −2(5pq + 4q2)
c −(3xy − 2y2)

2 Expand and simplify.


a 7(3x + 5) + 6(2x – 8) b 8(5p – 2) – 3(4p + 9)
c 9(3s + 1) –5(6s – 10) d 2(4x – 3) – (3x + 5)

3 Expand.
a 3x(4x + 8) b 4k(5k2 – 12)
c –2h(6h2 + 11h – 5) d –3s(4s2 – 7s + 2)

1
RH

4 Expand and simplify.


a 3(y2 – 8) – 4(y2 – 5) b 2x(x + 5) + 3x(x – 7)
c 4p(2p – 1) – 3p(5p – 2) d 3b(4b – 3) – b(6b – 9)

5 Expand 12 (2y – 8)

6 Expand and simplify.


a 13 – 2(m + 7) b 5p(p2 + 6p) – 9p(2p – 3)

7 The diagram shows a rectangle.


Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the area of
the rectangle.
Show that the area of the rectangle can be written as
21x2 – 35x

8 Expand and simplify.


a (x + 4)(x + 5) b (x + 7)(x + 3)
c (x + 7)(x – 2) d (x + 5)(x – 5)
e (2x + 3)(x – 1) f (3x – 2)(2x + 1)
g (5x – 3)(2x – 5) h (3x – 2)(7 + 4x)
i (3x + 4y)(5y + 6x) j (x + 5)2
k (2x − 7)2 l (4x − 3y)2

Extend
9 Expand and simplify (x + 3)² + (x − 4)²

10 Expand and simplify.


2
 1  2  1
a  x +  x −  b x+ 
 x  x  x

2
RH

Answers
1 a 6x – 3 b –10pq – 8q2
c –3xy + 2y2

2 a 21x + 35 + 12x – 48 = 33x – 13


b 40p – 16 – 12p – 27 = 28p – 43
c 27s + 9 – 30s + 50 = –3s + 59 = 59 – 3s
d 8x – 6 – 3x – 5 = 5x – 11

3 a 12x2 + 24x b 20k3 – 48k


c 10h – 12h3 – 22h2 d 21s2 – 12s3 – 6s

4 a –y2 – 4 b 5x2 – 11x


c 2p – 7p2 d 6b2

5 y–4

6 a –1 – 2m b 5p3 + 12p2 + 27p

7 7x(3x – 5) = 21x2 – 35x

8 a x2 + 9x + 20 b x2 + 10x + 21
c x2 + 5x – 14 d x2 – 25
e 2x2 + x – 3 f 6x2 – x – 2
g 10x2 – 31x + 15 h 12x2 + 13x – 14
i 18x2 + 39xy + 20y2 j x2 + 10x + 25
k 4x2 − 28x + 49 l 16x2 − 24xy + 9y2

9 2x2 − 2x + 25

2 1
10 a x2 −1 − b x2 + 2 +
x2 x2

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