Common network diagnostic
Commands
Presented by: Dr. Amandeep Singh
‘hostname’
• This command will quickly show you the
network name for your host machine (or
will allow you to change that name if you
possess the necessary authorization)
• Example: $ hostname
• This command works by calling a standard
library function (e.g., ‘gethostname()’ ) that
we’ll often be using in our own programs
‘ping’
• A standard DOS tool for testing whether a
particular host is reachable across an IP
network – and if so, then how quickly?
• Example: $ ping 10.0.0.2
• It also confirms that a Network Interface
Controller is operating properly, and that a
hostname can be ‘resolved’ to its address
• Example: $ ping google.com
Poll
• Ping can _________
a) Measure round-trip time
b) Report packet loss
c) Report latency
d) All of the mentioned
‘tracert’
• A tool for determining what route is being
taken by packets sent over an IP network
• Example: $ tracert google.com
• This tool will report on each of the ‘hops’
between network ‘routers’ along a path to
the specified destination, and the elapsed
times for each ‘hop’ (in milliseconds)
Poll
• If you want to find the number of
routers between a source and
destination, the utility to be used is
___________
a) route
b) Ipconfig
c) Ifconfig
d) Traceroute
ARP
• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is used to map layer two information
to layer three information. An example of where we use this is Ethernet.
When one host wants to send an IP packet to another host, it has to
know the destination MAC address which is unknown. The first host will
then broadcast an ARP request which is received by all other computers.
The host that has the MAC address that is requested will respond with
an ARP reply, supplying its MAC address.
• arp- a
Poll
• The ARP protocol operates on which
layer of the OSI model?
A. Physical Layer
B. Network Layer
C. Session Layer
D. Application
‘netstat’
• It can show a lot of information about the
current state of your host’s networking
subsystem – such as routing-table entries,
active connections, ports and protocols, or
statistics for the active Network Interfaces
• Example: $ netstat -I
‘ipconfig’
• This program allows a user to view status
information and statistics for any network
interfaces which exist in your machine, or
to modify the state of a network interface if
you possess the necessary authorizations
• Example: $ /sbin/ipconfig
‘ftp’
• This offers a convenient command-line
interface to the File-Transfer Protocol
which is implemented on the Internet
• Example: $ ftp 10.0.0.2
• ftp> help
• You will usually need to enter a password
and a sequence of ftp-specific commands
in order to ‘download’ (or ‘upload’) a file
nslookup
• nslookup is a network administration
command-line tool for querying the
Domain Name System to obtain the
mapping between domain name and IP
address, or other DNS records.
• Packet tracer
SNMP
• Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP) is a networking protocol used
for the management and monitoring of
network-connected devices in Internet
Protocol networks.
SNMP- Simple Network
Management Protocol
• Router>enable
• Router#
• Router#configure terminal
• Router(config)#snmp-server community?
• community
• Router(config)#snmp-server community read ro
• %SNMP-5-WARMSTART: SNMP agent on host Router is undergoing a warm start
• Router(config)#snmp-server community?
• community
• Router(config)#snmp-server community write rw
• Router(config)#snmp-server community write ?
• ro Read-only access with this community string
• rw Read-write access with this community string
• <cr>
Classful and classless FLSM
• Classful
