PROBLEMS CHAPTER-1 ELECTRIC CHARGE AND FIELDS 1) What is the force between two small charged spheres having ch 2 x 10°’ Cand 3 x 10°’Cplaced 30 cm apart in air? Given :-F= 6X 10°N, q,=2x 107C,q,=3X107C, r= 30cm = 0.3m arges of 1092x107 «31077 (0.3)? 2) The electrostatic force on a small sphere of charge 0.4 uC due to another small sphere of charge — 0.8 «Cin air is 0.2 N. (a) What is the distance between the two spheres? (b) What is the force on the second sphere due to the first? (a) F=0.2N . 0.4 1C = 0.4 x 10°C n q, = — 0.8 nC = — 0.8 x 10°C Fo ah 4ne, 0 pot ah 4ne, F 9x10? x0.4x108 x0.8x10" gy iors (6) Both the spheres attract each other with the same force. Therefore, the force on the second sphere due to the first is 0.2 N. 3) Galeulate the magnitude of electric intensity at a point distont (i) 5 mm from +2 nC Given data B=? . r= Smm = 5x10°m q= 2nC = 2«10°C a Scanned with CamScanner= 7.2x10° N/C 4) Find the strength of the electrostatic field whose force on an electron is equal fo the weight of the electron. Given: Mass of electron = 9.1x10?! kg, charge on electron = 1.6x10°C. m Given data E="8 q 1X10" ke ; ores pa Rlx1O 9.8 16x10" E=55.74x10°" N/C 5) Determine the magnitude and direction of electric field, which would balance the weight of a proton, placed in an electric field. Given: Mass of proton = 1.67x10”’ kg, charge on proton = 1.6x10-°C Formula Given data F=W 67X107kg Eq=mg q=1.6x10"C park q pn 67x10" «9.8 16x10" E=1.023x107N/C | vertically upwards. 6) Two point charges q, = 3 "Cand q, = -3 nCare located 20 cm apart in vacuum.(a) What is the electric field at the midpoint O of the line AB joining the two charges?(b) If a negative test charge of magnitude 1.5 x 10° Cis placed at this point, what is the force experienced by the test charge? Ay nm B +3 0 ~34C AB = 20cm ==>r=10cm Scanned with CamScannerElectric field at point O caused by +3.C charge, 9 6 B= 2210 x3 x10" tong OB (10107) Magnitude of electric field at point O caused by —3uC charge, ° 6 F, = 2210 x3x10 along OB (10x107y E=E,+E, _2x9x10° x3x10% _ 0x10? E= 5.4 x 10° N/C along OB (b) A test charge of amount, q= 1.5 X 10°C F = gE = 1.5 x 10° x 5.4 x 10° F = 8.1 x 10°? N along OA. 7) ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 0.03m. charges of +5nC +3nC and -5nC are placed at corners A, B and C respectively. Find the resultant force on charge placed at B +6nC “nC UW Given q, = 5nC, q, = 3nC and q; = -5nC, r = 0.03 m, and F = 2 pee iCh 4ne, vr? 9x 109 x5x 1079 x3x 1079 F : (0.03) Scanned with CamScannerFy =15x1075N along AB Similarly , F)=15x1075N along BC Both the forces are equal and acting at an angle of 120° between them, the resultant force F is given by F? = F? + FR + 2F)F2 cos® Fe + BR + 2FF) cos@ = F= re +F? 425 ,F; 081209 => | F=15x1075N parallel to AC 8) Find the point on the line joining the two charges +12 nCand +3 nC where the resultant field is zero. Distance between the charges is 1.2 m. F= 2 4 2FF; cos 120° 9 @—+—-—_——_® @ Given data & & x=? qy = 12x10°C 7 gy = 3x10°C E,=E, 1 ml 4né,x° 468, (r-x)* 12x10° 3x10" Point is between the charges at distance 0.8 m from the bigger charge or 0.4m from smaller charge. Scanned with CamScanner9) ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 0.03m. charges of +5nC and -5nC 2re placed at corners A and C. Find the resultant electric field at B. +6nC -5nC Given q, = 5nC and q2 = -5nC, r = 0.03 m, and E, = ? p-1 4 ne, (0.03)? E ya 2210 x5x10" (0.03)? E and E, are equal and acting at an angle of 120° between them, the resultant field E is given by =5x10*N/C along AB =5x10'N/C along BC E = E} +E? +2E,E, cos0 E = JE? +53 +26 jE cos0 = YE? +8? +28, Ej cosi20° B= JE? +E? +2E1Ey cos120° E=5x104N/C parallel to AC 10) Charges of -2x10" C +2x10" C and +4x10" Care placed at the corners A, B and D of a square of side 2m. Calculate the resultant field at the centre of the square. -2x10"°C 2x10"C am y=L|h, 2h 4mé)|d, d, d, 5x10? 10x10% 5x10” 2V = 9x10°| . one eg v2 v2 V = 63.64V a | 5x10° 10x10 5x10? V 9x0] IO a 2 AC =VAB? + BC? V = 31.82V AC =4 7 +2? = R= 242 AO = 2m Work done = potential difference x charge W = (63.64 -31.82)x5x10° 2) A parallel plate co; ir between the plates has a capacitance of 8 Pf (IpF = 10°" F). What will be the capacitance if the distance between the plates is reduced by half, and the space between them is filled with a substance of dielectric constant 6? ke,A Given : (a8 C=8pF 5A e=1 + c= 08 a 1 ao && A ex2 oa Scanned with CamScannerC2 _ BA ad, Cy dy € GA C, = 2x 6C, = 128 3) Three capacitors each of capacitance 9 pF are connected in series. (a) What is the total capacitance of the combination? (b) What is the potential difference across each capacitor if the combination is connected to a 120 V supply? (a) C=9pF, C, =? (b) V=120V, V,=? ,Vp=?, Vy =? V,=V;=V, atte aov ( The potential difference across each capacitor is 40 V. 4) Three capacitors of capacitances 2 pF, 3 pF and 4 pF are connected in parallel. (a) What is the total capacitance of the combination? (b) Determine charge on each capacitor if the combination is connected to a 100 V supply. (a) C,=2pF, C,=3pF Cr =4pF, Cp =? We have C=C) + C, + Cy Cp =24+3+4 C, =9pF (b) Supply voltage, V= 100 V : V=100V q=VC... i For C =2 pF, Charge = VC =100x2 = 200pC = 210°C For C = 3 pF, Charge = VC =100x3 =300pC =3x10-"°C For C =4 pF, Charge = VC =100x 4 = 400pC = 4x10""C Scanned with CamScanner4) In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of 6 x 10m’ and the distance between the plates is 3 mm. Galculate the capacitance of the capacitor. If this capacitor is connected toa 100 V supply, what is the charge on each plate of the capacitor#(Marc-2014) A=6x 10" nf d=3mm=3x10%m v= 100V cum d = 8:854x 10"? 6% 107 3x10 =17.71x10 7 F =17.71 pF Potential V is related with the charge g and capacitance C as vet c 2q=VC =100x17.71«10" =1,771x10" C 6) A 12 pF capacitor is connected to a SOV battery. How much electrostatic energy is stored in the capacitor? C=12pF=12x 10" F V=50V Electrostatic energy stored in the capacitor is given by the relation, E= 3cv" x12x10" x(50)° 7) A 600 pF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected to another uncharged 600 pF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy is lost in the process? C = 600 Ff, V=200V 1 2 E=4cV? 2 = (600% 10") x(200)° =1.2x10% J Scanned with CamScannera eee 600 600 600 300 <0.6x10% IS «~~ Loss in electrostatic energy = E- E’ =1.2x10%-0.6x10% | =0.6x10 =6x10° J 49) If one of the two electrons of a H; molecule is removed, esr) Aydrogen molecular ion H;. In the ground state of an H}, the two protons are separated by roughly 1.5 A, and the electron is roughly 1 A from each proton. Determine the potential energy of the system. Specify your choice of the zero of potential energy. The system of two protons and one electron is represented in the given figure. Charge on proton 1, q, = 1.6 X10-C, Charge on proton 2, qz = 1.6 xX10°"C Charge on electron, q; = -1.6 X10", Distance between protons 1 and 2, d, = 1.5 x10-" m Distance between proton 1 and electron, d, = 1 x10-"° m Distance between proton 2 and electron, d; = 1 x 10"! m The potential energy at infinity is zero. Potential energy of the system, = 9h 4 Us, 4ne,d, 4ne,d, ane, d, Substituting = =9x10? Nm? C2, we obtain 9x10? x10" x10" 1.6)" egal (16) +! ) +-(1.6)) =-30.7x10J =-19.2eV Scanned with CamScanner9) What is the area of the plates of a 2 F parallel plate capacitor, given that the separation between the plates is 0.5 cm? [You will realize from your answer why ordinary capacitors are in the range of HF or less. However, electrolytic capacitors do have a much larger capacitance (0.1 F) because of very minute separation between the conductors.] V=2F d=0.5cm=0.5x 107m +: The area of the plates is too large. To avoid this situation, the capacitance is taken in the range of uF. 10) The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm? each and are separated by 2.5 mm. The capacitor is charged by connecting it to a 400 V supply. How much electrostatic energy is stored by the capacitor? A = 90 crf = 90 x 10°‘? d=2.5mm =2.5 x 10% m, v= 400V cu24 We have qd E elev? 2 Ley: 2d 4g = 8.85107" «90107 x(400)" ae 2«2.5x10™ 11) Calculate the effective capacitance between the points A and B shown in figure: =2.55x10% J CC, and Cp =C, +C, 2 Scanned with CamScanner' oa" at _ 2x4 12... . Cs, = IDa4 luk 7 AP = 3 uF 9 2 Cp=243=2!, Scanned with CamScanner