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Understanding binary
Understanding Computers
Learning objectives
• Understand why all data is represented in binary in a
computer
• Define a Bit, Byte, Kb, Mb and Gb
• Convert integers to binary numbers
• Convert binary numbers to integers
• Show how characters can be represented using
ASCII
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
Decimal number system
● Understand why all
data is represented
(Sometimes called the Denary
in binary in a
computer
system)
● Define a Bit, Byte,

●
Kb, Mb and Gb
Convert integers to
• Why 10 digits?
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
What about computers?
data is represented
in binary in a • Computer use millions of electronic circuits
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte, and switches which can either be On or Off
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to • On is represented by 1 and Off is
have both units?
represented by 0
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary – On & Off
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
• The standard On / Off symbol on a switch is
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
a 1 and a 0:
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Bits and Bytes
data is represented 0 or a 1 = 1 Bit (Binary Digit)
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte, 8 Bits = 1 Byte
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers 1000 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (Kb)
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how 1000 Kb = 1 Megabyte (Mb)
characters can be
represented using
ASCII
1000 Mb = 1 Gigabyte (Gb)
Challenge Objective: 1 Byte = 1 Character of text
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to • How many Gb in a Terabyte?
have both units?
• How many bytes in a Megabyte?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary representation
data is represented • One switch can only
in binary in a
computer represent 2 possible
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb states
● Convert integers to
binary numbers • On or Off.
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how • Two switches can
characters can be
represented using represent 4 states
ASCII
• On & On
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs, • On & Off
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to • Off & On
have both units?
• Off & Off
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary representation
data is represented
in binary in a Number of Switches Possible combinations or states
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
1 2
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
2
binary numbers 3
● Convert binary
numbers to integers 4
● Show how
characters can be 5
represented using
ASCII 6
Challenge Objective: 7
● What are KiBs, 8
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary representation
data is represented
in binary in a Number of Switches Possible combinations or states
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
1 2
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
2 4
binary numbers 3 8
● Convert binary
numbers to integers 4 16
● Show how
characters can be 5 32
represented using
ASCII 6 64
Challenge Objective: 7 128
● What are KiBs, 8 256
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
How our decimal number
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
system works
● Define a Bit, Byte,

100 10 1
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary

●
numbers to integers
Show how
characters can be
represented using
5 8 3
ASCII
• The number 583 represents five 100s + eight
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
10s + three 1s. 500 + 80 + 3
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
• As we move from right to left, each digit is
worth ten times the previous one
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
The Binary system
data is represented
in binary in a

4 2 1
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to

●
binary numbers
Convert binary
numbers to integers
Show how
characters can be
1 0 1
represented using
ASCII
• In Binary, there are only two digits, 0 and 1
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs? • As we move from right to left, each digit is
Why is it import to
have both units? worth twice as much as the previous one
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary to denary conversion
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
12 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
● Define a Bit, Byte,

●
Kb, Mb and Gb
Convert integers to
8
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
= 64 + 16 + 1
Why is it import to
have both units? = 81
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Binary to Decimal conversion
data is represented
in binary in a • Work out the Decimal Binary
computer 0
● Define a Bit, Byte, Binary 1
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to numbers 2
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
from 0 to 10 3

● Show how
4
characters can be 5
represented using
ASCII 6
7
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
8
MiBs and GiBs? 9
Why is it import to
have both units? 10
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Decimal to Binary
data is represented • Convert 28 to Binary
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte, • Method
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
• Working right to left write out the numbers 1, 2, 4,
● Convert binary 8 and so on doubling each time to 128
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
represented using
ASCII 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
28 has a 16 in it, leaving 12. 12 is 8
have both units?
+4
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Task:
data is represented
in binary in a • Use Worksheet on Google Classroom to
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte, convert binary numbers to and from
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to decimal numbers
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
• BINARY BONANZA!
represented using
ASCII https://www.mrbarwick.com/binary
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Representing characters
data is represented
in binary in a • How are characters represented in Binary?
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb • How many characters are there on your
● Convert integers to

●
binary numbers
Convert binary
keyboard?
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
• How many bits would be needed to
represented using
ASCII represent up to 128 characters?
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
ASCII
data is represented American Standard Code for Information
in binary in a
computer
Interchange
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb • Numerous different codes for representing data
● Convert integers to
binary numbers have been invented, but ASCII is used nowadays on
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
nearly all computers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
• Originally only 7 bits were used but now the eighth
ASCII bit is used to give extra characters such as ©, ® etc
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs, • How many different characters can be encoded
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to using seven bits? Eight bits?
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
ASCII Table
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how
characters can be
represented using
ASCII

Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
ASCII
data is represented
in binary in a
• It is a character-encoding scheme originally based
computer on the English alphabet
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to • ASCII codes represent text in computers,
binary numbers
● Convert binary communications equipment, and other devices that
numbers to integers
● Show how use text
characters can be
represented using
ASCII • For example: small letter ‘f’ is represented by the
following combination of bits in the ASCII table
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs? f = 1100110 or in 8 Bits, 01100110
Why is it import to
have both units?
• 8 bits is called a Byte
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Numbers in ASCII
data is represented
in binary in a
• Numbers as well as letters and other symbols
●
computer
Define a Bit, Byte,
are represented in ASCII
Kb, Mb and Gb
● Convert integers to
binary numbers • What is the bit pattern for the character 5 in
● Convert binary
numbers to integers ASCII?
● Show how
characters can be
represented using • What is the bit pattern in binary for the number
ASCII
5?
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
• When 5 is pressed on the keyboard, the ASCII
Why is it import to
have both units?
bit pattern is sent to the computer. It can’t be
used for arithmetic!
 Understanding Computers
L3 Understanding Binary

Objectives:
● Understand why all
Challenges
data is represented
in binary in a
computer
• Challenge 1: Use the ASCII table on the
● Define a Bit, Byte,
Kb, Mb and Gb
ASCII Worksheet to write down the binary
● Convert integers to
binary numbers equivalent of your first name
● Convert binary
numbers to integers
● Show how • Challenge 2: Write a brief coded message
characters can be
represented using
ASCII
for someone in binary using the ASCII
Code sheet
Challenge Objective:
● What are KiBs,
MiBs and GiBs?
Why is it import to
have both units?