Class 10 Physics: Light – Reflection and Refraction
Sample Test
Time: 1 Hour
Maximum Marks: 30
Instructions:
All questions are compulsory.
The test is divided into three sections:
Section A: Objective-type questions (1 mark each, 5 marks total)
Section B: Short answer questions (2-3 marks each, 15 marks total)
Section C: Numerical/Descriptive questions (5 marks each, 10 marks total)
Use standard notations and include ray diagrams where applicable.
Assume the refractive index of air is 1, and use approximate values for
refractive indices (e.g., glass ≈ 1.5) unless specified.
Draw neat diagrams to support your answers where required.
Section A: Objective-Type Questions (1 Mark Each, 5 Marks)
Answer all questions. Choose the correct option.
The laws of reflection state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle
of reflection, and: a) The incident ray and reflected ray are perpendicular to
the normal
b) The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane
c) The angle of reflection is twice the angle of incidence
d) The reflected ray passes through the focus
The image formed by a plane mirror is:
a) Real and inverted
b) Virtual and erect
c) Real and erect
d) Virtual and inverted
The power of a lens with a focal length of 50 cm is:
a) 2 D
b) 0.5 D
c) 4 D
d) 1 D
When light travels from air to glass, it:
a) Bends away from the normal
b) Bends towards the normal
c) Does not bend
d) Reflects completely
The focal length of a convex mirror is 20 cm. Its radius of curvature is:
a) 10 cm
b) 20 cm
c) 40 cm
d) 5 cm
Section B: Short Answer Questions (15 Marks Total)
Answer all questions. Marks are indicated against each.
(2 Marks)
State the two laws of reflection of light. Draw a labeled diagram to illustrate
these laws.
(2 Marks)
Define the power of a lens. Write its SI unit and the formula to calculate it.
(3 Marks)
Differentiate between a real image and a virtual image. Give one example of
each type of image formed by a mirror or lens.
(3 Marks)
A convex lens has a focal length of 25 cm. Calculate its power and state
whether it is a converging or diverging lens.
(2 Marks)
Explain why a ray of light passing through the optical center of a lens does
not deviate.
(3 Marks)
Define refractive index. If the speed of light in air is 3 × 10⁸ m/s and in glass
is 2 × 10⁸ m/s, calculate the refractive index of glass with respect to air.
Section C: Numerical/Descriptive Questions (5 Marks Each, 10 Marks Total)
Answer all questions. Include ray diagrams and calculations where necessary.
(5 Marks)
An object is placed 30 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of
20 cm.
a) Find the position of the image using the mirror formula.
b) Determine whether the image is real or virtual, and calculate its
magnification.
c) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation.
(5 Marks)
A convex lens forms a real image of an object placed 40 cm from it. The
image is twice the size of the object.
a) Calculate the focal length of the lens using the lens formula.
b) Find the power of the lens.
c) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation.
