Cloud Computing

Unit – 1 Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Concept of cloud and Cloud Computing
• Cloud :The term cloud refers to a network or the internet. It is a
technology that uses remote servers on the internet to store,
manage, and access data online rather than local drives. The data
can be anything such as files, images, documents, audio, video,
and more.
• Cloud Computing : Cloud computing is a virtualization-based
technology that allows us to create, configure, and customize
applications via an internet connection. The cloud technology
includes a development platform, hard disk, software application,
and database.

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Concept of cloud and Cloud Computing
There are the following operations that we can do using cloud
computing:
• Developing new applications and services
• Storage, back up, and recovery of data
• Hosting blogs and websites
• Delivery of software on demand
• Analysis of data
• Streaming videos and audios

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Why Cloud Computing?
• Small as well as large IT companies, follow the traditional
methods to provide the IT infrastructure. That means for any IT
company, we need a Server Room that is the basic need of IT
companies.
• In that server room, there should be a database server, mail server,
networking, firewalls, routers, modem, switches, QPS (Query Per
Second means how much queries or load will be handled by the
server), configurable system, high net speed, and the maintenance
engineers.
• To establish such IT infrastructure, we need to spend lots of
money. To overcome all these problems and to reduce the IT
infrastructure cost, Cloud Computing comes into existence.
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Type of cloud based on deployment

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Public cloud :
• The public cloud makes it possible for anybody to access systems
and services. The public cloud may be less secure as it is open to
everyone.
• The public cloud is one in which cloud infrastructure services are
provided over the internet to the general people or major industry
groups.
• The infrastructure in this cloud model is owned by the entity that
delivers the cloud services, not by the consumer.

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Advantages of the Public Cloud Model
• Minimal Investment
• No setup cost
• Infrastructure Management is not required
• No maintenance
• Dynamic Scalability
Disadvantages of the Public Cloud Model
• Less secure
• Low customization
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Private cloud :
• The private cloud deployment model is the exact opposite of the
public cloud deployment model. It’s a one-on-one environment for
a single user (customer). There is no need to share your hardware
with anyone else.
• The distinction between private and public clouds is in how you
handle all of the hardware. It is also called the “internal cloud” &
it refers to the ability to access systems and services within a given
border or organization.
• The cloud platform is implemented in a cloud-based secure
environment that is protected by powerful firewalls and under the
supervision of an organization’s IT department.

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Advantages
• Better Control
• Data Security and Privacy
• Supports Legacy Systems
• Customization
Disadvantages
• Less scalable
• Costly

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Community cloud :
• It allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of
organizations.
• It is a distributed system that is created by integrating the services
of different clouds to address the specific needs of a community,
industry, or business.
• The infrastructure of the community could be shared between the
organization which has shared concerns or tasks.
• It is generally managed by a third party or by the combination of
one or more organizations in the community.

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Advantages of the
• Cost effective
• Security
• Shared resources
• Collaboration and data sharing
Disadvantages
• Limited scalability
• Rigid costomization

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Hybrid cloud :
• By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of
proprietary software, hybrid cloud computing gives the best of
both worlds.
• With a hybrid solution, you may host the app in a safe
environment while taking advantage of the public cloud’s cost
savings.
• Organizations can move data and applications between different
clouds using a combination of two or more cloud deployment
methods, depending on their needs.

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Advantages
• Flexibility and control
• Cost
• Security
Disadvantages
• Difficult to manage
• Slow data trans mission

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Cloud service models
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Network as a Service (NaaS)
• Database as a Service (DBaaS)

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• It is a service model that delivers computer infrastructure on an
outsourced basis to support various operations.
• Typically IaaS is a service where infrastructure is provided as
outsourcing to enterprises such as networking equipment, devices,
database, and web servers.
• It is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS).
• IaaS customers pay on a per-user basis, typically by the hour,
week, or month.
• Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and
Cisco Metacloud.
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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Advantages:
1. Cost effective
2. Website hosting
3. Security
4. Maintenance
• Disadvantages:
1. Limited control over infrastructure
2. Security concern
3. Limited access
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Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to
develop, test, run, and manage the applications.
• PaaS frees users from having to install in-house hardware and
software to develop or run a new application.
• The development and deployment of the application take
place independent of the hardware.
• Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku,
Force.com, Google App Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento
Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Advantages:
1. Simple and convenient for users
2. Cost - effective
3. Efficiently managing the lifecycle
4. Efficiency
• Disadvantages:
1. Limited control over infrastructure
2. Dependence on the provider
3. Limited flexibility
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Software as a Service (SaaS)
• SaaS is also known as "On-Demand Software".
• It is a software distribution model in which services are hosted by
a cloud service provider.
• These services are available to end-users over the internet so, the
end-users do not need to install any software on their devices to
access these services.
• Example: Slack, Samepage, Box, and Zoho Forms.

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Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Advantages:
1. Cost effective
2. Reduced time
3. Accessibility
4. Automatic updates
5. Scalability
• Disadvantages:
1. Limited customization
2. Dependence on internet connectivity
3. Security concern
4. Limited control over data 20
Network as a Service (NaaS)
• Network-as-a-Service allows us to access to network
infrastructure directly and securely.
• NaaS makes it possible to deploy custom routing protocols.
• It is the responsibility of NaaS provider to maintain and manage
the network resources.
• NaaS allows customers to operate their own networks without
maintaining their own networking infrastructure.
• NaaS vendors run networking functions using software, essentially
allowing companies to set up their own networks entirely without
hardware. All they need is Internet connectivity.

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Network as a Service (NaaS)
• Advantages:
1. Cost effective
2. Flexibility
3. Scalability
4. No maintenance
5. Access from anywhere
• Disadvantages:
1. Compatibility
2. Legacy data centers
3. Vendor lock - in
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Database as a Service (DBaaS)
• DBaaS (also known as Managed Database Service) as a cloud
computing service.
• It allows users associated with database activities to access and use
a cloud database system without purchasing it.
• DBaaS and cloud database comes under Software as a Service
(SaaS).
• It eliminates tedious and time-consuming administration tasks and
makes our tasks simpler and more flexible.

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Database as a Service (DBaaS)
• Advantages:
1. Cost saving
2. Time saving
3. Reduced man power requirements
4. Less maintenance
• Disadvantages:
1. Objection by traditional enterprises
2. High chances of data loss
3. Network problem may create problem in DBaaS’ service

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Advantages of cloud computing
• Back up and restore data
• Improved collaboration
• Unlimited storage capacity
• Low maintenance cost
• Excellent accessibility
• Services in pay per use
• Mobility

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Disadvantages of cloud computing
• Internet connectivity
• Vendor lock in
• Limited control
• Security

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