SOLID GEOMETRY

A solid is any limited portion of space bounded by surfaces or plane figures.

PARTS OF A SOLID

1. Polyhedra
A polyhedron is a solid which is bounded by polygons joined at their edges.

Common Polyhedra
Number
Number Number
Polyhedron Faces of
of Faces of edges
vertices
Tetrahedron Triangle 4 6 4
Hexahedron Square 6 12 8
Octahedron Triangle 8 12 6
Dodecahedron Pentagon 12 30 20
Icosahedron Triangle 20 30 12

PROPERTIES OF SIMILAR POLYHEDRA

Corresponding dimensions:
x 1 x2
 =
y1 y2

Corresponding areas or faces: ( )

2
A 1 x1
 =
A 2 x2

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 Volumes: ( )
3
V 1 x1
 =
V 2 x2

2
CUBES AND RECTANGULAR PARALLELIPIPED

CUBE

Volume; V =s 3
Lateral Surface Area; LSA=4 s 2
Total Surface Area; TSA=6 s2
Diagonal; d= √ s2 + s2 + s2

RECTANGULAR PARALLELIPIPED

Volume; V =lwh
Lateral Surface Area; LSA=2 wh+2lh
Total Surface Area; TSA=2 lw+2 wh+2 lh
Diagonal; d= √ l 2 +w 2+ h2

1. A rectangular solid has dimensions 4, 3 and 12 cm. Find the area of the
plane bounded by the diagonals of the faces.
A. 56m 2 C. 16.32m 2
B. 36m 2 D. 12.96m 2

2. Find the volume of a regular hexahedron if one of the diagonals of its faces
is 9√ 2 meters.
A. 100m 3 C. 512m 3

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 B. 216m 3 D. 729m 3

3. A cube has an edge equal to the diagonal of another cube. Find the ratio of
their total surface area.
A. 4 C. 3
B. 4/5 D. 4/3

4. How many square inches of material is needed to create an open top

rectangular solid whose volume is 375 cc when the length is equal to the
width and the height is thrice the length?
A. 54.33 C. 350
B. 50.45 D. 325

5. The areas of the faces of rectangular prism are 48 m, 36 m and 12 m. Find

the volume.
A. 112 C. 288
B. 672 D. 144

6. If an edge of a cube is increased by 27% by how much is the total surface

area increased?
A. 61.29% C. 57.48%
B. 38% D. 83.48%

2. Prisms and Cylinders

PRISM – It is defined as a polyhedron with two congruent bases that lie in parallel
planes, and whose every section that is parallel to a base has the same area as that
of the base.

Volume; V =Bh ; B= Areabase ,h=height

Lateral Surface Area; LSA=Pe ; P= perimeter , e=lateral edge
Total Surface Area; TSA=2 B+ LSA

CYLINDER

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 Volume; V =π r 2 h
Lateral Surface Area; LSA=2 πrh
Total Surface Area; TSA=2 πrh+2 π r 2

OBLIQUE PRISM

Volume
V =Bh ; B= Areabase ,h=height
V =Ce
C=cross−section perpendicular ¿ edge
e=lateral edge

since Bh=Ce and h=e sin θ

then C=B sinθ

SITUATION SLD1: A trough has trapezoidal ends which lie in parallel planes. The
top of the trough is a horizontal rectangle 6 ft by 16 ft, the base width and depth
are both 4 ft.

7. What is the capacity of the trough?

A. 320 ft 3 C. 256 ft 3
B. 200 ft 3 D. 145 ft 3

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 8. Find the volume of water when the depth of the water is 36 inches.
A. 150 ft 3 C. 240 ft 3
B. 256 ft 3 D. 228 ft 3

9. What is the wet portion of the trough?

A. 183.43 ft 2 C. 193.3 ft 2
B. 191.38 ft 2 D. 154.32 ft 2

10.A vertical cylinder having a circular base of radius ‘r’ and a height of 10cm
is filled with water. If the depth of water in the cylinder at vertical position is
4m, what is the maximum depth of water if the cylinder is in horizontal
position?
A. 0.53r C. 0.69r
B. 0.91r D. 0.84r

11.Find the height of a prism with a base in the form of a sector with central
angle 25° . Its volume is found to be 350 cc and the height is four times the
radius of the base.
A. 9.96cm C. 29.50cm
B. 2.49cm D. 7.37cm

12.A regular pentagonal prism has its axis inclined at 75° from horizontal. The
length of its axis is 9 ft and the sides are 3ft. What is the volume?
A. 36.06 ft 3 C. 134.6 ft 3
B. 519.95 ft 3 D. 47.64 ft 3

13.A right circular cylinder has a volume of 81 π ¿3 and a lateral surface area of
54 π i n2. Find the area of the base.
A. 28.27¿2 C. 254¿2
B. 50.27¿2 D. 78.54¿2

3. Pyramid

A polyhedron containing triangular lateral faces with common vertex and a polygon
base.
Lateral surface area

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 Volume; V = Bh ; B= Areabase ,h=height
1
3
LSA; ¿ n ( 12 bl)= 12 ( nb) l= 12 ( P ) l
n=no . of sides ,b=length , l=slant height

TSA ¿ B+ LSA
P= perimeter

SITUATION SLD2: A regular hexagonal pyramid has one lateral edge which
measures 26 inches. One of the sides of its base measures 10 inches.
14.Calculate the slant height of the pyramid.
A. 24 inches C. 6.8 inches
B. 25.51 inches D. 13.48 inches
15.Find the altitude of the pyramid.
A. 25.51 inches C. 6.8 inches
B. 9.5 inches D. 24 inches

16.Find the volume of the pyramid.

A. 2078.48¿3 C. 1278.83¿3
B. 1232.43¿3 D. 1332.7¿3

17.Calculate the total surface area of the given pyramid.

A. 2553.23¿2 C. 1025.11¿2
B. 1430.25¿2 D. 3124.5¿2

4. Cone

Lateral surface of the cone if unrolled would be in the form of a sector with radius
equal to the slant height (l ).

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 C=2 πr S=lθ
C circular base=Sarc length

C circular base=2 πr ∧S arc length=lθ

2 πr
2 πr =lθ ; θ=
l
A 1 2 1 2 πr
sect∨¿=LSA = l θ= l
2 2
2
( l )=πrl¿

Volume; V = Bh ; B= Areabase=π r ,h=height

1 2

Lateral Surface Area; LSA=πrl

3

Total Surface Area; TSA=πrl+π r 2

18.Find the volume of a right circular cone to be obtained from a sector of

radius 15ft and whose central angle measures 288° .
A. 339.29 ft 3 C. 1017.90 ft 3
B. 1357.17 ft 3 D. 100.5 ft 3
19.If the altitude of a cone remains constant by what factor should the diameter
be multiplied in order to produce a cone with a volume that is triple as the
original?
A. 3 C. √
2
3
B. √
3
3 D. 3/4

20.The most economical proportions, for a right circular cone is to have its
height three times as long as its base diameter. What lateral area of the cone
would produce a volume of 100cm3?
A. 121cm2 C. 179cm2
B. 141cm2 D. 105cm2

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 21.Two similar cones have volumes of 12 π ¿3 and 40.5 π ¿3 and the slant height of
the bigger cone is 0.625 ft. Find the height of the smaller cone.
A. 5 inches C. 3 inches
B. 6 inches D. 4 inches

5. Truncated Prism

Volume; V = A base haverage

h average=
∑h
n

It is a portion of a prism lying between two nonparallel planes which cut the prism
and have their line of intersection outside the prism.

22.The base of an octagonal truncated prism is horizontal while its top is

inclined at 45° . The regular octagonal base has 5 cm side and the shortest
lateral edge is 5 mm. What is the volume?
A. 1215.6mm3 C. 1786mm3
B. 1332.6mm3 D. 2315mm3

6. Prismatoid

A polyhedron having two parallel bases which are polygons and lateral faces
which are triangles and quadrilaterals with one side lying in one base and the
opposite vertex or side lying in the other side.

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 Volume; V =
h
( A + A +4 )
6 1 2 M

23.A woodman chops half-way through a tree, one face being horizontal, the
other inclined at 45° . What is the diameter of the tree if the volume of the
wood cut out is 18cm3?
A. 4.35cm C. 5.38cm
B. 3.0cm D. 6.0cm

24.A prismatoid has an altitude 15 cm. Find its volume if the mid-sectional area
is 67.5 cm2, the lower base is square with an area 100 cm2 and upper base is
equilateral triangle with one side equal to 9cm.
A. 1012.68cm3 C. 1452.6cm3
B. 2014cm3 D. 1284cm3

7. Frustum

It is a solid figure created by slicing the tip of a pyramid or a cone with a plane
parallel to the base.

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 Volume; V = h ( A 1 + A2 + √ A 1 A 2 )
1
3
Lateral Surface Area; LSA=
1
( P + P )l
2 1 2

25.The volume of the conical frustum is 2401 π ft 3. If the radius of the lower base
is 14 ft and height is 21 ft, find the lateral area of the conical frustum.
A. 1560 ft 2 C. 1630 ft 2
B. 2340 ft 2 D. 1460 ft 2

26.The volume of the frustum of a regular pyramid is 93.333 m 3. The upper base
is 2.5m by 4m and the altitude is 4m. What is the area of the lower base in m 2
?
A. 30m 2 C. 40m 2
B. 35m 2 D. 50m 2

8. Sphere

It is a solid bounded by a closed surface whose set of all points is equidistant from
a fixed point called center.

Volume; V =
4 3
πr
Total Surface Area; TSA=4 π r 2
3

SPHERICAL SEGMENT

SPHERICAL SEGMENT WITH ONE BASE

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 Volume; V =
2
πh (
3 R−h )
Total Surface Area; TSA=2 πRh+ π r 2
3

SPHERICAL SEGMENT WITH TWO BASES

Volume; V =
πh
( 3 a 2 + 3 b2 + h2 )
Total Surface Area; TSA=2 πRh+ π a2 + π b2
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ZONE – is a surface of revolution of a sphere included between two parallel

planes.
Area of zone: Z=2 πRh

SPHERICAL CONE

Volume; V = π r h
2 2
3

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SPHERICAL PYRAMID

Volume; V =
3
πr E

Spherical excess; E=( A + B+C+ D )−( n−2 ) 180 °

540 °

SPHERICAL WEDGE AND SPHERICAL LUNE

SPHERICAL WEDGE

Volume; V = r θ
2 3
3
θ∈radian s

Surface area; S=2 R2 θ

θ∈radians

27.A hemispherical vessel is partly filled with water 12cm deep at the lower
spherical wedge spherical lune

part and oil 6cm deep above the water. If the volume of the water is equal to
the volume of the oil, compute for the volume of the oil.
A. 3452c m3 C. 7697c m3
B. 8143c m3 D. 4324c m3

28.A spherical segment has a volume equal to one-third that of sphere.

Determine the height of the spherical segment if the diameter of the sphere
is 4 ft.
A. 5.67ft C. 1.55ft
B. 1.22ft D. 2.65ft

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29.The ratio of the area of zone of the first spherical segment to that of the
second is 1:5. If the height of the second zone is 5 cm, what is the surface
area of the sphere?
A. 144 πc m 2 C. 36 πc m 2
B. 25 πc m 2 D. 49 πc m 2

30.A sphere has a radius of r. If the radius is increased by b, then the surface
area of the sphere is increased by what amount?
A. b 2 C. 8 π rb+ 4 π b2
B. 4 π b2 D. 8 π rb+2 rb+ b2

31.A sphere of diameter 2 is totally submerged in a cylindrical tank of radius 4.

The water level in the tank rises a distance of h. Find the value of h.
A. 0.072 C. 0.096
B. 0.083 D. 0.108

32.A spherical sector has a central angle of 60° and the radius of the sphere is
15cm. Find the volume of the spherical sector.
A. 942.48cm3 C. 543.23cm3
B. 891.34cm3 D. 431.27cm3

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33.The area of a spherical lune is 8 π mm2 and the diameter is 12mm. Find the
volume of the spherical wedge made from this lune.
A. 128 π mm 2 C. 16 π mm 2
B. 64 π mm 2 D. 24 π mm 2

34.A rectangular solid is inscribe in a sphere. If the dimensions of the solid are
3, 4 and 6, then what is the volume of the sphere?
A. 249.46 C. 340.84
B. 1995.65 D. 989.6

35.A spherical tank has a capacity of 7200cm3 and is partially filled with water.
What is the area of the circle formed by the water surface if it is 7.2cm from
the center of the sphere?
A. 212.18c m2 C. 303.43c m2
B. 207.14c m2 D. 287.72c m2

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