PP70
ADF and Goniometer –
81. What component has replaced the rotating loop antenna in modern ADF systems?
A. VOR receiver
B. Goniometer rotor
C. Compass system
D. Gyroscope
82. What is the purpose of the goniometer in an ADF system?
A. To measure aircraft altitude
B. To amplify the NDB signal
C. To electronically simulate antenna rotation
D. To rotate the magnetic compass
83.In ADF systems, what does the goniometer work with to determine the direction of a radio
beacon?
A. Marker beacon
B. Resolver
C. DME unit
D. Satellite signal
84. What type of device is a resolver in the context of aircraft navigation systems?
A. A GPS receiver
B. A digital computer
C. An electromagnetic transducer
D. A pressure sensor
85. The resolver used in goniometers is sometimes referred to as:
A. Digital encoder
B. Analog Trigonometric Function Generator
C. Phase splitter
D. Magnetic compass simulator
86. What does a resolver primarily measure in an aircraft navigation system?
A. Altitude
B. Rate of turn
C. Angle of rotation
D. Magnetic variation
87. The main function of a goniometer in an ADF is to:
A. Rotate the compass card
B. Create artificial horizon
C. Process antenna signals electronically
D. Measure distance to the station
Pp75 VOR –
88.What does the abbreviation VOR stand for?
A. Variable Omnidirectional Radar
B. Visual Omnidirectional Range
C. VHF Omnidirectional Range
D. Vertical Omnidirectional Receiver
89.What type of wave propagation is primarily used by VOR systems?
A. Ground wave
B. VOR uses line-of-sight propagation in the VHF band (108–118 MHz
C. Surface wave
D. Microwave
90.VOR systems operate in which frequency band?
A. UHF
B. HF
C. VHF
D. MF
91. The purpose of a VOR system is to:
A. Measure aircraft altitude
B. Provide long-range surveillance
C. Help aircraft determine position and maintain course
D. Communicate with ATC
92. VOR systems assist in determining which of the following?
A. True airspeed
B. Aircraft heading
C. Magnetic bearing to the station
D. Pressure altitude
93. What is the term for the angle between the aircraft’s heading and the direction to the VOR
station?
A. Relative bearing
B. Drift angle
C. Track angle
D. Glide slope
94. A VOR is classified as which kind of navigation system?
A. Long-range inertial
B. Short-range radio
C. Space-based satellite
D. Ultrasonic beam
95. What does the VOR receiver in an aircraft do?
A. Sends signals to ground stations
B. Measures fuel flow
C. Receives radio signals from ground-based beacons
D. Measures air temperature
Pp77 ILS –
96. What type of approach aid is the Instrument Landing System (ILS)?
A. Non-precision approach aid
B. Visual approach aid
C. Precision approach aid
D. Tactical navigation aid
97.What component of the ILS provides horizontal guidance?
A. DME
B. Glideslope
C. Localiser
D. Marker beacon
98. The glideslope (GS) provides which type of guidance?
A. Horizontal
B. Magnetic
C. Lateral
D. Vertical
99. Where is the ILS localiser aerial usually located?
A. Next to the ATC tower
B. On top of the aircraft
C. At the far end of the runway
D. Beside the threshold
100. The ILS glideslope antenna is typically located:
A. At the opposite end of the runway
B. Under the aircraft
C. On the aircraft tail
D. Near the runway threshold, offset from centerline
101. The localiser and glideslope transmit:
A. One single broad signal
B. Light beams
C. Two narrow intersecting beams
D. Rotating radar pulses
102. The ILS system helps pilots to:
A. Avoid terrain
B. Maintain cruise altitude
C. Land in low visibility using vertical and horizontal guidance
D. Communicate with ATC
Pp82 Marker Beacons –
103. What is the primary function of a marker beacon in the ILS system?
A. Provide lateral guidance
B. Indicate distance to the runway
C. Identify specific points on the approach path
D. Measure aircraft speed
104. Where is the Outer Marker (OM) typically located?
A. At the runway threshold
B. 10 NM beyond the airport
C. 4 to 7 NM before the runway threshold
D. Adjacent to the glideslope antenna
105.The Outer Marker usually corresponds to which part of the approach?
A. Takeoff rotation point
B. Final Approach Fix (FAF)
C. Touchdown zone
D. Missed approach point
106.The Middle Marker (MM) is located approximately:
A. 1 NM after the runway
B. 0.5 to 0.8 NM before the runway threshold
C. 3 NM from the airport terminal
107. The Inner Marker is typically located:
A. In the control tower
B. On the glideslope antenna
C. At the runway threshold
PP86 Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) & Transponder
108. What is the main function of DME?
A) To provide heading information
B) To measure distance from a ground station
C) To measure altitude
D) To calculate groundspeed
109.What type of signal does the aircraft send in a DME system?
A) Continuous wave
B) Paired pulses
C) Single burst
D) Amplitude-modulated wave
110.What does the DME transponder do after receiving an interrogation signal?
A) Ignores it
B) Immediately replies
C) Replies after a fixed delay
D) Sends a voice message
111.What type of distance does DME measure?
A) Horizontal distance only
B) Altitude
C) Slant range distance
D) Ground distance only
112. What unit is used to display DME distance?
A) Feet
B) Meters
C) Kilometers
D) Nautical miles
113. In DME, the aircraft transmits and receives on:
A) The same frequency
B) Alternating frequencies
C) Paired but different frequencies
D) VHF only
114. What is the role of the transponder in a DME ground station?
A) To calculate aircraft speed
B) To receive and store flight plans
C) To respond to aircraft interrogation pulses
D) To decode squawk codes.
115. Which of the following navigation aids is usually co-located with DME?
A) ADF
B) VOR or ILS
C) GPS
D) INS
116. What determines the distance displayed on the DME indicator?
A) Groundspeed
B) Frequency difference
C) Time delay of round trip signal
D) Altimeter setting
PP90
117. What is the main role of an aircraft transponder?
A) Send voice to ATC
B) Help pilots navigate
C) Identify the aircraft and send altitude info to ATC
D) Measure airspeed
118. Which transponder mode provides both identity and altitude information?
A) Mode A
B) Mode B
C) Mode C
D) Mode D
119.What type of antenna does a transponder use?
A) Directional
B) Omnidirectional
C) Rotating
D) Fixed beam
120. What is Mode S mainly used for?
A) Weather reporting
B) Radar jamming
C) Cooperative surveillance and data communication
D) Voice communication with ATC
121. A transponder reply includes:
A) Weather data only
B) Aircraft performance data
C) Identity, altitude, and emergency info
D) Fuel status
122. What does Mode A provide?
A) Altitude information
B) Aircraft position
C) Aircraft identity (squawk code)
D) Data link
123. What does a squawk code identify?
A) Route clearance
B) Navigation fix
C) The specific aircraft
D) Weather zone
124. The Mode S transponder enables what feature in addition to identification and
altitude?
A) High-speed engine monitoring
B) Groundspeed detection
C) Data link communication
D) Autopilot control
PP93
125.What is the main function of TCAS?
A) To provide weather alerts
B) To avoid mid-air collisions
C) To improve autopilot control
D) To assist in navigation
126. What does TCAS I provide?
A) Traffic and resolution advisories
B) Resolution advisories only
C) Traffic advisories only
D) No advisory
127. What type of aircraft typically uses TCAS I?
A) Large commercial jets
B) General aviation and small commuter aircraft
C) Military aircraft only
D) Helicopters only
128. What additional feature does TCAS II provide that TCAS I does not?
A) Weather avoidance
B) Horizontal maneuver guidance
C) Vertical escape maneuvers (RA)
D) Navigation routing
129. What does “RA” in TCAS stand for?
A) Radar Alert
B) Runway Advisory
C) Resolution Advisory
D) Route Assignment
130. What alert types does TCAS II provide?
A) TA only
B) RA only
C) Both TA and RA
D) No alerts
131. What is the main difference between TCAS II and TCAS III?
A) TCAS III includes horizontal RA
B) TCAS III is for helicopters only
C) TCAS III is used by ATC
D) TCAS III does not use transponders
132.What equipment is required on other aircraft for TCAS to detect them?
A) VOR
B) A transponder
C) GPS
D) ADS-B
PP95
TA and Radio Altimeter
133.What does a TA (Traffic Advisory) indicate?
A) An aircraft is in immediate collision course
B) An aircraft is nearby and may become a threat
C) Aircraft fuel is low
D) The autopilot is disengaged
134. On what instrument is a TA typically displayed?
A) Artificial Horizon
B) Navigation Display (ND)
C) Airspeed Indicator
D) Standby Compass
135. What information does the radio altimeter provide?
A) Altitude above sea level
B) Vertical speed
C) Altitude above ground level (AGL)
D) Pressure altitude
136. When is a radio altimeter most useful?
A) During cruise at FL350
B) While performing an ILS at 30,000 ft
C) When on final approach and landing
D) While taxiing
137. What principle does a radio altimeter use to measure height?
A) Static pressure sensing
B) Time of flight of radar pulses
C) Temperature gradient
D) GPS triangulation
138. What happens when the TCAS computer identifies an intruder aircraft?
A) It changes flight level automatically
B) It displays a Traffic Advisory
C) It shuts down the transponder
D) It activates the autopilot
139. In what condition is a radio altimeter most accurate?
A) Over mountainous terrain
B) Over water or flat surfaces
C) During takeoff
D) At cruise altitude
PP97 Weather Radar (WXR)
140. What is the typical frequency range of an aircraft weather radar system?
A) 108–118 MHz
B) 9–12 GHz
C) 1–3 MHz
D) 50–75 GHz
141.What does the aircraft weather radar detect primarily?
A) Magnetic fields
B) Air temperature
C) Precipitation and storm cells
D) Aircraft altitude
142. How is the radar beam shaped?
A) Omnidirectional
B) Randomly spread
C) As narrow as practicable
D) Extremely wide
143. What determines the range to the weather target?
A) Frequency of the RF pulse
B) Radar dish size
C) Time between pulse transmission and reception
D) Antenna shape
144. Which of the following cannot be reliably detected by WXR without moisture?
A) Rain
B) Thunderstorms
C) Clear-air turbulence
D) Hail
145. What is the primary purpose of onboard weather radar?
A) Penetrate thunderstorms
B) Avoid hazardous weather
C) Measure outside temperature
D) Record humidity
.
PP100 GPS
146. What does GPS stand for?
A) Global Pilot System
B) General Position Satellite
C) Global Positioning System
D) Ground Positioning System
147.What type of system is GPS?
A) Ground-based radar system
B) Satellite-based radio navigation system
C) Magnetic compass-based system
D) Inertial navigation system
148. GPS provides which of the following information?
A) Flight plan route
B) Engine performance data
C) Position, velocity, and time
D) Weather forecasts
149. How many satellites are needed for a full 3D GPS fix?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
150. GPS is part of which broader system?
A) ADS-B
B) GNSS
C) ILS
D) TCAS
151 What is the source of GPS signals?
A) VOR stations
B) Weather satellites
C) Space-based satellites
D) Ground transponders
152. What navigation information does GPS not directly provide?
A) Altitude
B) Bearing
C) Wind direction
D) Time
101
GNSS Constellations
153. How many major GNSS constellations are currently in orbit?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
154. What country operates the GPS system?
A) Russia
B) USA
C) China
D) European Union.
155. What is the full name of GLONASS?
A) Global Location System
B) Global Navigation Satellite System
C) General Navigation and Survey System
D) Governmental Location Satellite Network
156. What is a common purpose of all GNSS constellations?
A) Air traffic control
B) Satellite television broadcasting
C) Position, navigation, and timing
D) Meteorological observations
.
PP102
GPS Segments
157.How many main segments make up the GPS system?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
158. Which of the following is part of the GPS space segment?
A) Ground antennas
B) User receivers
C) Satellites
D) Control stations
159.What is the primary function of the control segment?
A) Launching satellites
B) Receiving GPS signals
C) Monitoring and maintaining satellite accuracy
D) Providing terrain maps
160. What component is found in the user segment?
A) GPS satellite
B) GPS receiver
C) Monitoring station
D) Ground antenna
161. The GPS control segment includes which of the following?
A) GPS receivers
B) Weather satellites
C) Monitoring stations and ground antennas
D) Aircraft altimeters
162. The user segment of GPS is responsible for:
A) Adjusting satellite orbits
B) Generating satellite signals
C) Calculating position using satellite data
D) Providing satellite maintenance
163 Which GPS segment includes mobile phones and aircraft navigation systems?
A) Control Segment
B) Space Segment
C) User Segment
D) Ground Segment
