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AI Study Material

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), covering its definition, history, types, and foundational mathematics and programming. It delves into core concepts such as machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI, along with ethical considerations and practical applications across various industries. Additionally, it outlines a suggested learning path and resources for further study in AI.

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3 views2 pages

AI Study Material

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), covering its definition, history, types, and foundational mathematics and programming. It delves into core concepts such as machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI, along with ethical considerations and practical applications across various industries. Additionally, it outlines a suggested learning path and resources for further study in AI.

Uploaded by

skmv2000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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■ Study Material: Artificial Intelligence (AI)

1. Introduction to AI
● What is AI? – The science of making machines think and act like humans.
● History of AI – From Alan Turing (1950s) → Expert Systems (1980s) → Machine Learning
(2000s) → Generative AI (2020s).
● Types of AI: ANI (Narrow AI), AGI (General AI), ASI (Super AI).

2. Mathematical & Programming Foundations


● Mathematics Required: Linear Algebra, Probability & Statistics, Calculus.
● Programming: Python, Libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib).

3. Core Concepts in AI
● Search & Problem Solving: BFS, DFS, A*.
● Knowledge Representation: Logic, semantic networks, ontologies.
● Reasoning: Rule-based systems, expert systems.

4. Machine Learning (ML)


● Supervised Learning: Regression, Classification (Linear Regression, Logistic Regression,
Decision Trees, Random Forest, SVM, Neural Networks).
● Unsupervised Learning: Clustering (K-means, DBSCAN), Dimensionality Reduction (PCA).
● Reinforcement Learning: Agents, environment, rewards (Q-Learning, DQN).
● Key Concepts: Overfitting, underfitting, bias-variance tradeoff, training/validation/testing
datasets.

5. Deep Learning (DL)


● Neural Networks: Perceptron, activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Softmax).
● Architectures: CNN, RNN, LSTM/GRU, Transformers.
● Frameworks: TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras.

6. Natural Language Processing (NLP)


● Text preprocessing: tokenization, stemming, lemmatization.
● Word embeddings: Word2Vec, GloVe.
● Transformers: BERT, GPT.
● Applications: Chatbots, Sentiment Analysis, Translation, Speech Recognition.

7. Computer Vision
● Image classification, object detection, segmentation.
● Tools: OpenCV, YOLO, Detectron2.
● Applications: CCTV surveillance, medical imaging, self-driving cars.
8. Generative AI
● GANs – Image/video generation.
● Diffusion Models – Stable Diffusion, DALL·E.
● Large Language Models (LLMs) – GPT, Claude, Gemini.

9. Ethics & Challenges


● Bias in AI models.
● Privacy & security concerns.
● AI regulations (EU AI Act, India AI guidelines).
● Debate: Will AI replace jobs or create new ones?

10. Practical Applications


● Healthcare: Diagnosis, drug discovery.
● Finance: Fraud detection, algorithmic trading.
● Retail: Recommendations, customer insights.
● Gated Communities: Security (CCTV AI), Visitor Management, Smart Utilities.

■ Suggested Learning Path


● Learn Python + Math basics.
● Start with Machine Learning (Scikit-learn).
● Move to Deep Learning (PyTorch/TensorFlow).
● Explore NLP & Computer Vision.
● Build mini projects (chatbot, image classifier, recommender system).
● Learn about Generative AI and experiment with open-source models.

■■ Resources
● Books: 'Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach' (Russell & Norvig), 'Deep Learning' (Ian
Goodfellow).
● Courses: Andrew Ng’s Machine Learning (Coursera), Deep Learning Specialization, Fast.ai.
● Websites: Kaggle, Paperswithcode.com.

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