DR.

AKHILESH DAS GUPTA INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

(FORMERLY ADGITM)

ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2025

DEPARTMENT OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE & DATA SCIENCE

CLOUD COMPUTING LAB (OAE316P)

NAME : Tushar Singh

ROLL NUMBER : 01415611921
CLASS : T – 13
SEMESTER : 6th Semester
SUBMITTED TO : Ms. Meenu
 INDEX
S. NO CONTENT DATE GRADE SIGN
1 Experiment – 1: Install virtualbox/vmware workstation 45
5 install a c compiler in the virtual machine and execute a
sample program.
2 Experiment – 2: Create type 2 virtualization in vmware.
Allocate memory and storage space as per requirement.
Install guest os on that vmware.
3 Experiment – 3: Adding a new virtual disk to a virtual
machine. Convert basic disc to dynamic disc and vice versa
a. Shrink and extend virtual disk
b. Create, manage, configure and schedule
snapshots
c. Create spanned, mirrored and striped volume
d. Create raid 5 volume
4 Experiment – 4: Sharing and data transfer between the
virtual machines.
5 Experiment – 5: Create type 2 virtualization on esxi 6.5
server
6 Experiment – 6: Create a vlan in cisco packet tracer

7 Experiment – 7: Find procedure to set up the one node

hadoop cluster.
8 Experiment – 8: Implement cloud security controls such as
encryption, access management, and network
security using cloud-native services.
 PRACTICAL - 1

Aim: Install virtualbox/vmware workstation 45 5 install a c compiler in

the virtual machine and execute a sample program.

Theory:
Virtualization software like VirtualBox and VMware Workstation allows
users to create and manage virtual machines on their host operating
system. These virtual machines can be used to run multiple operating
systems simultaneously, providing flexibility and isolation for various
tasks, such as software development, testing, and experimentation.

C is a powerful programming language commonly used for system

programming, software development, and more. To compile and
execute C programs, a C compiler needs to be installed within the
operating system environment.

Procedure :

1. Install VirtualBox or VMware Workstation:

a. Download the appropriate installer for VirtualBox or VMware Workstation
from their respective official websites.
b. Follow the installation instructions provided by the installer for
your operating system.
c. Launch the virtualization software once the installation is complete.
2. Create a New Virtual Machine:
a. Open VirtualBox or VMware Workstation.
b. Click on "New" to create a new virtual machine.
c. Follow the wizard to set up the virtual machine, specifying parameters such
as memory, storage, and operating system installation ISO.
3. Install an Operating System:
a. Start the virtual machine.
b. Follow the prompts to install an operating system within the virtual machine.
For this practical, you can choose a lightweight Linux distribution such as
Ubuntu Server or CentOS.
4. Install a C Compiler:
a. Once the operating system is installed and running within the
virtual machine, open a terminal or command prompt.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 b. Install a C compiler such as GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) using
the package manager of the operating system.
i. For Ubuntu/Debian: sudo apt-get install build-essential
ii. For CentOS/RHEL: sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
5. Write and Compile a Sample C Program:
a. Using a text editor (e.g., Vim, Nano), write a simple C program, such as
a "Hello, World!" program.
b. Save the program with a .c extension (e.g., hello.c).
c. Compile the C program using the installed compiler:

● If there are no syntax errors, the compilation will generate an executable

file named hello.
Execute the Sample C Program:
● Run the compiled C program:

You should see the output of the program, which should display "Hello, World!".

Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 PRACTICAL - 2

Aim: Create type 2 virtualization in vmware. Allocate memory and

storage space as per requirement. Install guest os on that vmware.

Theory:
Type 2 virtualization, also known as hosted virtualization, involves
running a hypervisor on top of a host operating system. VMware
Workstation is a popular Type 2 hypervisor that allows users to create
and manage multiple virtual machines on their desktop or laptop
computers. Each virtual machine can run its own guest operating
system, providing isolation and flexibility for various tasks.

Procedure :

1. Install VMware Workstation:

a. Download the VMware Workstation installer from the official website.
b. Follow the installation instructions provided by the installer for
your operating system.
c. Launch VMware Workstation once the installation is complete.
2. Create a New Virtual Machine:
a. Open VMware Workstation.
b. Click on "File" > "New Virtual Machine" to start the New Virtual
Machine Wizard.
c. Choose "Typical" configuration and click "Next".
3. Select Guest Operating System:
a. Choose the operating system you want to install as the guest OS. For example,
if you want to install Ubuntu, select "Linux" and then choose the Ubuntu version
from the dropdown menu.
b. Click "Next".
4. Allocate Memory:
a. Specify the amount of memory (RAM) to allocate to the virtual
machine. Allocate memory based on the requirements of the guest OS
and the applications you plan to run within it.
b. Click "Next".
5. Allocate Disk Space:
a. Choose whether to create a new virtual disk or use an existing one. For
this practical, let's create a new virtual disk.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 b. Specify the disk capacity. Allocate disk space based on the requirements of
the guest OS and the applications you plan to install.
c. Choose whether to store the virtual disk as a single file or split
into multiple files.
d. Click "Next".
6. Customize Hardware (Optional):
a. You can customize hardware settings such as CPU cores,
network adapter, display resolution, etc., according to your
requirements.
b. Once customization is complete, click "Finish" to create the
virtual machine.
7. Install Guest Operating System:
a. Start the virtual machine by clicking "Power on this virtual machine".
b. Follow the prompts to install the guest operating system within the
virtual machine. Insert the installation media (e.g., ISO file) if required.
c. Complete the installation process by following the on-screen instructions
provided by the guest OS installer.

Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 PRACTICAL - 3

Aim: Adding a new virtual disk to a virtual machine. Convert

basic disc to dynamic disc and vice versa
a. Shrink and extend virtual disk
b. Create, manage, configure and schedule snapshots
c. Create spanned, mirrored and striped volume
d. Create raid 5 volume

Theory:
In virtual machine environments, disk management tasks play a
crucial role in optimizing storage resources, enhancing performance,
and ensuring data integrity. The following tasks are commonly
performed:

a. Adding a New Virtual Disk: This involves attaching an additional

virtual disk to a virtual machine to increase storage capacity.

b. Converting Basic Disk to Dynamic Disk and Vice Versa: Basic disks
are traditional disk storage types, while dynamic disks offer more
advanced features like spanning volumes across multiple disks.

c. Shrinking and Extending Virtual Disks: Resizing virtual disks

allows for adjusting storage capacity based on changing
requirements.

d. Managing Snapshots: Snapshots capture the state of a virtual

machine at a specific point in time, enabling easy rollback to
previous configurations.

e. Creating Different Volume Types:

Spanned Volume: Combines free space from multiple disks into a

single logical volume.
Mirrored Volume: Provides redundancy by duplicating data across
multiple disks for fault tolerance.
Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 Striped Volume: Distributes data evenly across multiple disks
to improve performance.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 RAID 5 Volume: Uses disk striping with parity to achieve both
performance and data redundancy.

Procedure :

1. Adding a New Virtual Disk:

a. Open the virtual machine settings in your virtualization software
(e.g., VMware Workstation).
b. Add a new virtual disk and specify its size and type (e.g., SCSI, SATA).
c. Save the settings and start the virtual machine.
2. Converting Basic Disk to Dynamic Disk and Vice Versa:
a. In Windows, open Disk Management.
b. Right-click on the disk you want to convert and choose "Convert
to Dynamic Disk" or "Convert to Basic Disk" as appropriate.
c. Follow the prompts to complete the conversion process.
3. Shrinking and Extending Virtual Disks:
a. In your virtualization software, select the virtual machine and navigate to
its settings.
b. Choose the virtual disk you want to resize.
c. Use the options to shrink or extend the disk size as needed.
4. Managing Snapshots:
a. Take a snapshot of the virtual machine at its current state.
b. Perform changes or updates to the virtual machine.
c. If needed, revert to the snapshot to restore the virtual machine to
its previous state.
5. Creating Different Volume Types:
a. In Windows, open Disk Management.
b. Right-click on "Disk Management" and choose the appropriate option to create
a new volume (spanned, mirrored, striped, RAID 5).
c. Follow the wizard to configure the volume settings, including
disk selection and allocation size.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 PRACTICAL - 4

Aim: Sharing and data transfer between the virtual machines.

Theory:
In virtualized environments, sharing and transferring data between
virtual machines are common requirements for collaboration, data
exchange, and resource utilization. Various methods can be
employed to achieve this, including shared folders, network file
sharing protocols, and direct data transfer mechanisms.

Procedure :

1. Shared Folders:
a. Many virtualization platforms offer the capability to create shared folders that
can be accessed by multiple virtual machines.
b. In VMware Workstation, for example, you can set up shared folders
by navigating to VM settings > Options > Shared Folders.
c. Enable shared folders and specify the host folder(s) that you want to share with
the virtual machine.
d. Access the shared folder from within the virtual machine's operating
system to transfer files between the host and guest systems.
2. Network File Sharing:
a. Set up network file sharing protocols such as SMB (Server Message
Block) or NFS (Network File System) to share files between virtual
machines.
b. Configure file sharing settings on the host system and within the
virtual machines to allow access to shared directories.
c. Access shared files using file explorer or terminal commands from within
the virtual machines.
3. Direct Data Transfer:
a. Use direct data transfer methods such as SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) or
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) to transfer files between virtual
machines.
b. Enable SSH (Secure Shell) on the virtual machines and use SCP or
SFTP commands to transfer files securely over the network.

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 c. Authenticate using appropriate credentials (e.g., username and password)
to establish a secure connection for data transfer.
4. Shared Clipboard:
a. Some virtualization software allows for shared clipboards between the
host system and virtual machines.
b. Enable shared clipboard functionality in the virtualization
software settings.
c. Copy text or files on the host system and paste them directly
into applications running within the virtual machines, and vice
versa.
5. Shared Network:
a. Ensure that all virtual machines are connected to the same virtual network
within the virtualization software.
b. Assign IP addresses to each virtual machine within the same subnet to
facilitate network communication.
c. Use standard networking protocols (e.g., TCP/IP) to transfer data between
virtual machines over the network.

Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 PRACTICAL - 5

Aim: Create type 2 virtualization on esxi 6.5 server

Theory:
Type 2 virtualization involves running a hypervisor within a host operating system. In this case,
we'll use VMware Workstation as the Type 2 hypervisor, installed on macOS. VMware
Workstation allows you to create and manage virtual machines on your local machine, which
can then be connected to and run on your ESXi 6.5 server.

Procedure :

1. Install VMware Workstation on macOS:

● Download the VMware Workstation for macOS installer from the

VMware website.
● Double-click the installer file and follow the on-screen instructions to
install VMware Workstation on your macOS system.

2. Connect to Your ESXi Server:

● Launch VMware Workstation on your macOS.

● Click on File > New Virtual Machine.
● Select New Remote Server.
● Enter the IP address or hostname of your ESXi server.
● Enter your ESXi server username and password when prompted.
● Click Connect to establish a connection to your ESXi server.

3. Create a Virtual Machine on ESXi:

● Once connected to your ESXi server, click on Create a New Virtual Machine.
● Follow the wizard to create a new virtual machine. Specify the operating system,
virtual hardware configuration, and allocate resources like CPU cores, memory, and
storage.
● Customize any additional settings as needed.

4. Install Guest Operating System:

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 ● After creating the virtual machine, power it on.
● Follow the installation procedure to install the guest operating system of your choice.
This involves attaching an ISO file containing the installation media to the virtual
machine and going through the installation process.

5. Configure Networking:

● Configure networking for your virtual machine to ensure it can communicate with other
systems on your network or the internet. You can choose between bridged, NAT, or host-
only networking modes depending on your requirements.

6. Manage Virtual Machines:

● You can now manage your virtual machines directly from VMware Workstation on
your macOS. This includes powering them on/off, taking snapshots, and
configuring virtual hardware settings.

7. Additional Considerations:

● Ensure that your macOS system meets the hardware requirements for running
VMware Workstation and hosting virtual machines.
● Keep your virtual machine files and configurations backed up regularly to prevent
data loss.

Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)
 PRACTICAL - 6

Aim: Create a vlan in cisco packet tracer

Theory:
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical grouping of devices within the same
broadcast domain, even if they are not physically connected on the same network switch.
VLANs are useful for segmenting a network to improve performance, security, and
management.

Procedure :

1. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer:

● Open Cisco Packet Tracer on your computer.

2. Create a Network Topology:

● Drag and drop the devices you want to include in your network
topology. Typically, this includes switches, routers, and PCs.

3. Configure Switches:

● Select a switch in your topology and click on it to open its configuration.

● Enter the CLI (Command Line Interface) by clicking on the CLI tab.
● Enter privileged EXEC mode by typing enable and pressing Enter.
● Enter global configuration mode by typing configure terminal and
pressing Enter.

4. Create VLANs:

● To create a VLAN, use the command vlan <vlan_id> followed by a

VLAN number. For example, vlan 10.
● Repeat this step to create additional VLANs as needed.

5. Assign Ports to VLANs:

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 ● Navigate to the interfaces you want to assign to VLANs. This could be individual ports
or port ranges.
● Enter interface configuration mode by typing interface <interface_id>
and pressing Enter. For example, interface GigabitEthernet0/1.
● Assign the interface to a VLAN using the command switchport access vlan
<vlan_id>. For example, switchport access vlan 10.

6. Configure Trunk Ports (Optional):

● If you want to allow traffic from multiple VLANs to pass through a single switch
port (trunking), configure the port as a trunk port.
● Enter interface configuration mode for the desired port.
● Use the command switchport mode trunk to configure the port as a trunk port.

7. Verify VLAN Configuration:

● After configuring VLANs and assigning ports, verify the configuration using the
show vlan command to display the VLAN information and show interfaces
<interface_id> switchport to verify port assignments.

8. Test Connectivity:

● Connect devices to the switch ports assigned to VLANs and test connectivity
between devices within the same VLAN.

9. Save Configuration:

● Once you are satisfied with the VLAN configuration, save the configuration of
the switches to ensure that changes are preserved. Use the write or copy
running-config startup-config command.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 PRACTICAL - 7

Aim: Find procedure to set up the one node hadoop cluster

Theory:
A one-node Hadoop cluster, also known as a pseudo-distributed Hadoop cluster, is a simplified
setup where all Hadoop daemons run on a single machine. This configuration is suitable for
learning, development, and testing purposes. In a one-node setup,
Hadoop's core components, such as the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and Yet
Another Resource Negotiator (YARN), are installed and configured to run on the same
machine.

Procedure :

1. Install Prerequisites:

● Ensure that your system meets the prerequisites for running Hadoop, including
having Java Development Kit (JDK) installed.

2. Download and Extract Hadoop:

● Visit the Apache Hadoop website and download the desired version of Hadoop.
● Extract the downloaded Hadoop archive to a directory on your machine where
you want to install Hadoop.

3. Configure Environment Variables:

● Set the HADOOP_HOME environment variable to point to the directory where Hadoop
is installed.
● Update the PATH environment variable to include the bin and sbin directories
within the Hadoop installation directory.

4. Configure Hadoop:

● Navigate to the etc/hadoop directory within your Hadoop installation directory.

● Modify the configuration files (core-site.xml, hdfs-site.xml, yarn-site.xml,
etc.) to specify cluster settings such as the default filesystem, replication factor, and
resource management configurations.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 5. Format the Hadoop Filesystem:

● Use the hdfs namenode -format command to initialize the Hadoop filesystem.
This command creates the initial filesystem metadata and data structures.

6. Start Hadoop Services:

● Start the Hadoop daemons using the provided scripts (start-dfs.sh and
start-yarn.sh). These scripts launch the HDFS and YARN services respectively.

7. Verify Hadoop Installation:

● Access the Hadoop web interfaces to verify that the cluster is up and
running. You can typically access the Namenode web interface at
http://localhost:9870 and the ResourceManager web interface at
http://localhost:8088.

8. Run Hadoop Jobs:

● Use the Hadoop command-line tools (hadoop fs, hadoop jar, etc.) to interact
with the Hadoop cluster and run MapReduce jobs or other Hadoop applications.

9. Experiment and Learn:

● Explore various Hadoop components, run sample jobs, and experiment with
different configurations to learn more about Hadoop's capabilities and
ecosystem.

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 PRACTICAL - 8

Aim: Implement cloud security controls such as encryption, access management, and
network security using cloud-native services.

Theory:

Cloud security controls are essential for protecting data, applications, and infrastructure in cloud
environments. These controls typically encompass encryption, access management, and network
security.

Encryption:
● Encryption ensures that data is protected both at rest and in transit. At
rest, encryption secures data stored in cloud databases, storage services,
and
backups. In transit, encryption safeguards data as it moves between users and cloud
services, preventing interception and unauthorized access.

Access Management:
● Access management involves controlling and monitoring who can access cloud
resources and what actions they can perform. Identity and Access Management (IAM)
solutions are used to manage user identities, roles, and permissions. By
implementing the principle of least privilege, organizations can ensure that users only
have access to the resources necessary to perform their tasks.

Network Security:
● Network security focuses on protecting cloud networks from unauthorized
access, data breaches, and other cyber threats. This involves segmenting the
network using virtual private clouds (VPCs) or virtual networks (VNets),
implementing firewalls and security groups to control traffic, and deploying distributed
denial of service (DDoS) protection to mitigate attacks.

Procedure :

1. Encryption:

● Data Encryption at Rest:

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 ● Choose a cloud-native encryption service such as AWS Key Management
Service (KMS), Google Cloud Key Management Service (KMS), or Azure Key
Vault.
● Enable encryption for storage services such as Amazon S3, Google
Cloud Storage, or Azure Blob Storage.
● Implement encryption for databases using features like Transparent
Data Encryption (TDE) for SQL databases.
● Data Encryption in Transit:
● Use Transport Layer Security (TLS) or Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL) protocols to encrypt data transmitted over the network.
● Implement HTTPS for web applications to encrypt data between clients
and servers.
● Manage SSL/TLS certificates using cloud-native services like
AWS Certificate Manager or Google Cloud SSL Certificates.

2. Access Management:

● Identity and Access Management (IAM):

● Utilize cloud provider IAM services such as AWS IAM, Google Cloud IAM,
or Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) to manage user identities and access
permissions.
● Implement role-based access control (RBAC) and assign permissions
based on roles and responsibilities.
● Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for user access to
enhance security.
● Resource Policies:
● Implement resource-level access controls using policies.
● Use AWS IAM policies, Google Cloud IAM policies, or Azure
Resource Manager policies to control access to specific resources.

3. Network Security:

● Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) or Virtual Network (VNet):

● Segment the cloud network using VPCs (in AWS) or VNets (in Azure)
to isolate resources and control traffic flow.
● Configure network access control lists (NACLs) or security groups to
restrict inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet or instance level.
● Firewalls and Security Groups:

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)

 ● Set up cloud provider firewalls or security groups to filter traffic based on
IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
● Limit access to only necessary ports and protocols to reduce the attack surface.
● DDoS Protection:
● Enable DDoS protection services provided by cloud providers such as
AWS Shield, Google Cloud Armor, or Azure DDoS Protection to mitigate
DDoS attacks.

4. Continuous Monitoring and Compliance:

● Implement logging and monitoring solutions provided by cloud providers

to monitor cloud infrastructure and detect security incidents.
● Enable auditing and logging for cloud services to track access and configuration changes.
● Regularly review security configurations to ensure compliance with
industry standards and regulations.

Result :

Tushar Singh 01415611921 T – 13 (AI & DS)