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Demographic data encompasses population characteristics such as age, sex, and migration, and is essential for various fields including economics and public policy. Primary sources of demographic data include the Census, Vital Registration System, Sample Registration System, and Population Registers, while secondary sources consist of surveys, administrative records, and international databases. These data sources provide crucial insights into population dynamics and trends.

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15 views3 pages

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Demographic data encompasses population characteristics such as age, sex, and migration, and is essential for various fields including economics and public policy. Primary sources of demographic data include the Census, Vital Registration System, Sample Registration System, and Population Registers, while secondary sources consist of surveys, administrative records, and international databases. These data sources provide crucial insights into population dynamics and trends.

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comppik2304
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Demographic data refers to information about the characteristics of a population such as age,

sex, literacy, fertility, mortality, migration, occupation, etc. These data are crucial for economics,
sociology, public policy, and planning. The sources of demographic data can be broadly
classified into the following categories:

1. Census

• The most comprehensive source of demographic data.

• Conducted periodically (usually every 10 years in most countries, e.g., every 10 years in
India since 1872).

• Provides information on population size, distribution, sex ratio, age structure, literacy,
marital status, religion, occupation, and housing conditions.

• Example: Census of India 2011 (next one due in 2021 but delayed).

2. Vital Registration System (Civil Registration System – CRS)

• Continuous and permanent recording of vital events: births, deaths, marriages,


divorces, and migration.

• Provides annual estimates of fertility and mortality.

• Example: Civil Registration System (CRS) in India, Vital Statistics System in the US.

3. Sample Registration System (SRS)

• A dual recording system combining continuous enumeration with periodic surveys.

• Provides reliable estimates of birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, fertility rate,
etc.

• Important in countries like India where civil registration is incomplete.

4. Population Registers

• Continuous record of demographic events for each individual in the population.


• Found in countries like Sweden, Norway, Denmark, where each person is tracked over
their lifetime.

5. Surveys

• Conducted periodically by governments, NGOs, or international agencies.

• Useful when census or vital registration data are inadequate.

• Examples:

o National Family Health Survey (NFHS, India)

o Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS, globally)

o National Sample Survey (NSS, India)

6. Administrative Records

• Data collected by different government departments in the course of administration.

• Examples:

o School enrollment records (for literacy & education data)

o Employment exchange registers

o National identity systems (like Aadhaar in India)

o Immigration/emigration records

7. International Sources

• United Nations (UN), World Bank, WHO, ILO, IMF, and other agencies publish
comparative demographic statistics across countries.

• Example: UN World Population Prospects, World Bank Data Portal.

Summary:

• Primary sources: Census, Civil Registration System, Sample Registration System,


Population Registers.
• Secondary sources: Surveys, Administrative records, International databases.

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