B.Sc.

Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Detailed Teaching Syllabus - Semester III

SEMESTER III
S.No Course Course Title Course No. of No. of Total Total Tot
Code Category Teaching Tutorial Hours Hours al
/Practical hours per per Cre
hours seme week dits
ster
Theory Course
1 UG21T6301 Marine Meteorology AE 45 15 60 4 4
2 UG21T6302 Bridge Electronic Equipment CC 45 15 60 4 4
and Watch Keeping
3 UG21T6303 Ship Stability-I CC 45 15 60 4 4
4 UG21T6304 Cargo Work I CC 45 15 60 4 4
5 UG21T6305 Celestial Navigation CC 60 15 75 5 5
Practical Courses
6 UG21P6306 Nav Equipment OOW PL <CC> 60 15 75 5 2.5
Simulator Practical
7 UG21P6307 Project Work Practical PL<SI> 60 15 75 5 2.5
(Making model ship structures
/ Cargo related / Case Studies)
8 UG21F6308 Field Practice – Planetarium/ FP <MD> 15 15 30 2 1
Light House visit
9 UG21F6309 Technical Writing Skills on SA <VA> 15 15 30 2 1
Navigational Subjects
Total Hours / Credits in Semester III 390 135 525 35 28

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

ABILITY UG21T6301 – MARINE METEOROLOGY LECTURE TUTORIAL TOTAL

ENHANCEMENT CREDITS 3 1 4
COURSE (AE) HOURS 45 15 60
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Understand Earth’s atmosphere and the wind pattern around the earth
CLO2 Calculate true wind from the relative wind and velocity
CLO3 Understand the role of water vapour in the atmosphere
CLO4 Comprehend on ocean circulation system, TRS, waves and meteorological phenomena
CLO5 Analyse the weather report for evading TRS

Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H H L M H
CLO2 H H L M H
CLO3 H H L M H
CLO4 H H L M H
CLO5 H H L M H

H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

UNIT SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) COGNITIVE LECTURE TUTORIAL

NO LEVEL(K/U/AP/AN/ HOURS HOURS
C) 45 15
1 Earth’s Atmosphere and atmospheric pressure 9 3
Describe the composition of the earth’s
1.1 atmosphere, mentioning dry air and its U
constituents, water vapour and aerosols.
Draw a typical vertical temperature profile
through the lower 100 km of the earth’s
atmosphere. Define ‘troposphere’, ‘tropopause’,
1.2 U
‘stratosphere’, ‘stratopause’, ‘mesosphere’,
‘mesopause’ and ‘thermosphere. Describe the
main features of the troposphere.
Describe the importance of the sun as the
principal energy source for atmospheric processes.
Describe the nature of solar radiation (scattering,
reflection and absorption). Explain the effect on
1.3 U
insolation of a variation in latitude. Explain the
effect on insolation of a variation in the sun’s
declination. Explain the effect on insolation of a
variation in the length of daylight.
Explain the Greenhouse effect, global warming,
heat exchange process (conduction, convection
1.4 U
and radiation) and radiation budget of the
earth/atmosphere system.
Explain environmental lapse rate and inversion,
1.5 U
Diurnal, seasonal and geographical variation of

81
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

temperature, Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR) and

Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR), Saturation;
Evaporation, Condensation, Latent Heat, and
Vapour Pressure.
1.6 Explain Ozone depletion and air pollution. U
Atmospheric Pressure:
1.7 State that pressure equals force per unit area. K
State that the atmosphere exerts a pressure on
1.8 K
any surface placed within it.
State that the atmospheric pressure on a unit area
of a surface is equal to the weight of the “air
1.9 K
column” extending from that surface to the outer
fringes of the atmosphere.
State that atmospheric pressure decreases with
1.10 K
height above sea level.
State that atmospheric pressure acts in all
1.11 K
directions.
1.12 State that the basic unit of pressure is N/m2. K
1.13 State that 1 millibar = 1/1000 bar = 102 N/m2 K
State that the atmospheric pressure at sea level
1.14 normally varies between about 940 mbar and K
1050 mbar.
State that the average pressure at sea level is
1.15 K
1013.2 mbar.
State that the surface pressure rises if air is added
1.16 K
to the ‘column’ above the surface, and vice versa.

1.17 Define ‘isobar, Diurnal variation of pressure, Barometric tendency,

K
Pressure Gradient.

Wind
1.18 Define ‘wind’ K
1.19 Describe the Beaufort scale of wind force. U
1.2 Explain qualitatively the pressure gradient force. U
Explain qualitatively the Coriolis (geostrophic)
1.21 force and cyclostrophic winds, surface wind U
circulation around high- and low-pressure centres.
1.22 Explain Buys-Ballot’s Law. U
Explain the method of estimating the strength of
1.23 the wind from the appearance of the sea surface, U
using the Beaufort wind scale.
List the factors, other than the wind speed, which
1.24 K
affect the appearance of the sea surface.
Explain the differences between apparent and
1.25 U
true wind.
Determine the true wind velocity by using a vector
1.26 diagram, given the apparent wind and the ship’s AN
course and speed.
Describe the method of estimating the wind
1.27 U
direction from the appearance of the sea surface.
1.28 Explain interpretation of wind rose. U
Describe the wind and Pressure systems over the
1.29 U
oceans.
Draw the mean surface pressure and wind
1.30 AN
distribution over the earth’s surface.

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Describe the characteristics and location of the

doldrums, intertropical convergence zone, trade
1.31 U
winds, subtropical oceanic highs, westerlies and
polar easterlies
Apply the concept of horizontal temperature
1.32 differences to a qualitative explanation of the AP
formation of land and sea breezes
Explain the formation of anabatic and katabatic
1.33 U
winds
List the regions of occurrence of anabatic and
1.34 K
katabatic winds
1.35 Provide examples of local winds K
Describe a monsoon regime , monsoons of the
Indian Ocean, China Sea, north coast of Australia,
1.36 U
west coast of Africa and the north-east coast of
Brazil
2 Cloud and Precipitation: 9 3
State that clouds form when air containing water
2.1 vapour rises, cools adiabatically and becomes K
saturated.
Describe the need for and define condensation
2.2 U
nuclei.
State that a cloud can consist of ice crystals, super
2.3 cooled water droplets, water droplets or any K
combination of these.
2.4 List and describe the ten basic cloud types. K
Describe the probable base heights of the ten
2.5 U
principal cloud types.
Define ‘precipitation’, ‘rain’, ‘drizzle’, ‘hail’, ‘snow’
2.6 K
and ‘sleet’, Dew.
Visibility:
State that visibility is reduced by the presence of
2.7 particles in the atmosphere, near the earth’s K
surface and define ‘fog’, ‘mist’ and ‘haze’
Apply the concept of processes leading to super
2.8 saturation to a classification of fogs as mixing, AP
cooling or evaporation fogs
Explain qualitatively the formation of radiation
2.9 fog, mentioning areas, seasons and reasons for its U
dispersal
State the effect of pollution on the formation of
2.10 K
radiation fog
Explain qualitatively the formation of advection
2.11 fog, mentioning areas, seasons and reasons for U
dispersal
Explain qualitatively the conditions leading to the
2.12 formation of sea smoke, and typical areas where U
sea smoke may be encountered
Describe methods of estimating the visibility at
2.13 sea, by day and by night, and the difficulties U
involved
Water Vapour:
2.14 Define ‘water vapour’ K
Describe the properties of water vapour in the
2.15 U
atmosphere

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Define ‘evaporation’, ‘condensation’, ‘latent heat

2.16 K
of vaporization’
2.17 Define ‘saturated air’ K
Describe the processes of mixing, cooling and the
2.18 evaporation of water vapour, by which a sample of U
air may be brought to saturation
Define ‘dewpoint’, ‘absolute humidity’, ‘relative
2.19 K
humidity’.
2.20 Define super cooling, and frost point. K
Explain diurnal and seasonal variation of water
2.21 U
vapour.
Ocean Circulation System and Meteorological
3 9 3
instruments
3.1 Identify of main ocean currents on the world map; U
Describe causes of ocean currents; Characteristics
of ocean currents; General circulation of currents;
3.2 Effect of ocean currents on the climate; Seasonal U
changes; Formation, source region and movement
of water masses.
3.3 Oceanic Waves and Tides:
Explain Speed, length, period, height and
significance of waves; difference between waves
and swell, types of waves, wave energy, behaviour
of wave in deep and shallow waters; sea waves,
3.4 U
swell, storm surge, tsunami, bore tides; tide
producing forces, types of tides, tide prediction
and analysis; tidal streams. Relationship between
tides and phases of moon.
3.5 Sea Water:
Describe the properties of ocean water-
Temperature, salinity, density - their relationship
3.6 U
and measurement; and vertical and horizontal
distribution
3.7 Ship Borne Meteorological Instruments:
Explain the principle, use and operation of Aneroid
Barometer, Barograph, Hygrometer, Hydrometer,
3.8 U
Stevenson’s screen, Whirling psychrometer,
Anemometer.
Ice on the Sea:
Understand different types of ice, icebergs, limits
3.9 of icebergs, accumulation of ice on ships and U
organisations for issuing ice warnings.
Tropical Revolving Storms (TRS) and weather
4 9 3
system
Identify the Local names, seasons and areas
4.1 U
affected by the TRS
Express the origin, structure, movement and
4.2 U
lifespan of TRS; Weather associated with TRS;
Explain definitions and nomenclature; Warning
4.3 U
signs of an approaching TRS;
Characteristics of TRS; Forecasting techniques;
narrate the action to be taken when the presence
4.4 U
of TRS is confirmed;
Describe cyclone tracking and warning bulletins
4.5 U
under international conventions;

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Explain the Practical Rules for navigation for

4.6 U
manoeuvring in the vicinity of TRS;
Describe avoidance of storm centres and the
4.7 dangerous quadrants; Ideal conditions for the U
formation of TRS;
Compare between a TRS and a temperate latitude
4.8 AN
depression;
Describe TRS – 1-2-3 theory and sector theory for
4.9 U
avoiding cyclone
4.1 Define ‘anticyclone’ U
Draw a synoptic pattern of an anticyclone, for
4.11 both northern and southern hemispheres, AP
showing isobars and wind circulation
4.12 Describe the weather associated with anticyclones U
4.13 Describe a ridge of high pressure U
Draw a synoptic pattern for a ridge, showing
4.14 AP
isobars and wind directions
Describe a typical weather sequence during the
4.15 passage of a ridge between depressions across the U
observer’s position
Describe a col or a void between a convergence of
4.16 U
pressure systems
Draw a synoptic pattern for a col or a void
4.17 between a convergence of pressure systems, AP
showing isobars and wind directions
Describe the weather associated with a col or a
4.18 U
void between a convergence of pressure systems.
Weather Systems and weather report
4.19 Define ‘air mass’ K
4.20 Explain the formation of an air mass U
4.21 Define ‘source region’ K
Explain the characteristics required of a source
4.22 U
region
Describe the source region characteristics of
4.23 arctic, polar, tropical and equatorial air-mass types U
– defines ‘warm front’, ‘cold front’
know the symbols for warm and cold fronts and
4.24 K
identifies them on a weather map
Describe, with the aid of a diagram, the weather
4.25 experienced during the passage of an idealized U
warm front
Describe, with the aid of a diagram, the weather
4.26 experienced during the passage of an idealized U
cold front
Understand the origin, life and movement of
4.27 U
Frontal Depressions, Structure of Depressions.
Describe the weather associated with cyclone,
4.28 Anticyclone, Ridge, col, Trough and other pressure U
systems.
5 Weather Reports and weather warnings 9 3
Describe the organization, functions and
5.1 objectives of the World Meteorological U
Organization, Indian Meteorological Department.
Describe the sources of weather information
5.2 U
available to shipping including internet and email

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Understand the weather reporting and recording

5.3 U
procedures.
Describe the services provided for shipping by
5.4 U
Meteorological Offices
Describe the appropriate weather bulletin (SAT-C)
5.5 U
and the contents of each of its sections
Describe the types of information received by
5.6 U
facsimile machine
Describe the services provided for storm warnings
5.7 U
(At Port)
Interpretation of symbols and isobaric patterns on
5.8 U
weather charts and facsimile charts.
Identify cold and Warm Front, occlusion on a
5.9 U
synoptic chart.
Interpret of synoptic and prognostic charts to
ascertain wind directions, areas of strong winds,
5.10 AN
cloud and precipitation areas, fog areas, ice, and
areas of fine weather
Explain how weather observations at a ship can be
5.11 used to improve the forecast derived from U
synoptic and prognostic charts
Evaluate the weather forecast information
5.12 AN
received.
Define Voluntary observing fleet under I.M.D; type
5.13 and nature of information collected and K
International system of weather reporting.
5.14 Explain the need for meteorological codes U
Use the Ship’s Code Book to code a ship’s full
5.15 AP
report
Describe Indian monsoon, EL Nino, IOD, local
5.16 atmospheric phenomena such as water spout, U
thunder storm, aurora and halo.
Understand weather routing and its uses for safe
5.17 U
and efficient vessel navigation
TEXT BOOKS
1 Marine Meteorology – Capt. H. Subramaniam
Ships' Code and Decode Book- The Met. Office,Edition 10,Published by Stationary office
2
books, Published on 1 May 1981.
Seamanship Techniques: Shipboard & Marine Operations, 5th Edition (special Indian
3
Edition) - By: D. J. House | Publisher: Routledge Taylor & Francis
REFERENCE BOOKS
1 Meteorology for Mariners- HMSO
2 Meteorology for Seafarers- Frampton, R.M
3 Meteorology Demystified: self-teaching guide- Gibilisco Stan
4 Dynamical Meteorology: an introductory selection- Atkinson, B.W.
5 Mariners Handbook (NP 100) - Admiralty
6 Cloud Types for Observers- HMSO
Pedagogy
Lecture, PPT, Assignment, Seminar, Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning.

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

CORE UG21T6302- BRIDGE ELECTRONIC LECTURE TUTORIAL TOTAL

COURSE EQUIPMENT AND WATCH KEEPING CREDITS 3 1 4
(CC) HOURS 45 15 60
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Demonstrating RADAR, its operation and uses
CLO2 Apply RADAR plotting for calculating CPA and TCPA
CLO3 Demonstrate operation of the various bridge equipment
CLO4 Apply watch keeping procedures for conducting safe navigational watch at various
condition
Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H M H L H
CLO2 H H H L H
CLO3 H M H L M
CLO4 H M H L M
CLO5
H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

UNIT SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) COGNITIVE LECTURE TUTORIAL

NO LEVEL HOURS HOURS
(K/U/AP/AN 45 15
/C)
1 RADAR and ARPA 9 3

Fundamental Principles of Radar

1.1 Explain RADAR is an acronym for Radio Detection and

Ranging.

Explain the Principle in which a Marine Radar works.

U
Explain radiation hazards and precautions, safety
precautions necessary in the vicinity of open equipment,
radiation hazard near antennae and open waveguides.

1.2 Describe the characteristics of Radar sets:

Bearing and Range accuracy, HBW. VBW, pulse length, U

pulse recurrence rate

1.3 Sketch a simple Block diagram and explain use of

AP
various controls

1.4 Describe maximum & minimum Range of Radar, Range

U
and Bearing discrimination

1.5 Explain Atmospheric interference affecting radar

detection, radar horizon, sub refraction, super
U
refraction & ducting, effect of precipitation and sea on
radar detection

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

1.6 Explain factors that might cause spurious interpretation:

Indirect echoes, side echoes, multiple echoes, second U
’trace echoes.

1.7 Explain range & bearing accuracy, error in range &

U
bearing

1.8 Radar Plotting - Plot relative motion triangle (OAW

Triangle) and identify various vectors and angles,
course, speed and aspect of other ships in relative and
AP
true presentation. Closest point of approach (CPA) and
time to point of approach (TCPA), Bow pass, in relative
and true presentation.

Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (ARPA):

1.9 Define Controls & Graphic symbols of ARPA K

1.10 Explain advantages and limitations of use of relative and

true vectors and when to use which for optimum
U
efficiency. The effect of course and speed changes on
the display.

1.11 Explain advantages of compass stabilization of a relative

U
display, Trial Manoeuvre.

1.12 Use of Radar in Navigation

1.13 Obtain position fix by radar bearings and ranges, AP

1.14 Explain use of Aids to radar navigation: Use of passive

U
(trails, history) and active aids, RACONs and SARTs.

1.15 Explain AIS overlay on radar / ARPA U

1.16 Describe use of parallel indexing technique in radar

U
navigation:

2 Gyro Compass and ECDIS 9 3

2.1 Describe a free gyroscope and its gimbal mountings U

2.2 State that in the absence of disturbing forces the spin

K
axis of a free gyroscope maintains its direction in space

2.3 Explain what is meant by gyroscopic inertia and

U
precession

2.4 Describe the precession resulting from a torque about

U
axes perpendicular to the spin axis

2.5 Explain that friction at gimbal pivots produces torques

U
which give rise to precession

2.6 State that the rate of precession is proportional to the

K
applied torque

2.7 State that ‘tilt’ as movement of the spin axis in the

K
vertical plane

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

2.8 State that ‘drift’ as the apparent movement of the

K
gyroscope in azimuth resulting from the earth’s rotation

2.9 Explain how a free gyroscope can be made north-

seeking by the use of gravity control and describe the U
resulting oscillations of the axis

2.10 Describe the use of damping in azimuth and damping in

tilt to cause settling of the axis and thus produce a U
gyrocompass.

ECDIS

2.11 Describe the differences between Vector and Raster

U
Charts

2.12 Describe the route planning information; route planning

calculation; calculation the voyage schedule;
construction of a route; planned route checking for U
navigator safety; alternative route; optimization of
route planning and ultimate route selection

2.13 Describe Alarm relating to ECDIS U

2.14 Describe the possible risk of over-reliance and

U
complacency on ECDIS.

3 GNSS and DGNSS 9 3

Global Positioning System -

3.1 Describe World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) as a

terrestrial reference system (geodetic datum) which is U
used by the GPS satellites for position fixing.

3.2 Explain the basic working principle of GPS U

3.3 GPS - advantages & limitations, alarm setting & errors,

U
system configuration, frequencies used.

3.4 GPS - C/A & P/A codes, basic line measurement, Dilution
of Precision (DOP), various DOPs used, selective
availability and its effect on the accuracy of a fix, U
accuracy of GPS and how the accuracy can be
downgraded.

3.5 Explain Why a fix obtained from the GPS receiver cannot
be plotted directly onto a navigational chart, datum U
shifts.

Augmented Satellite systems (DGPS):

3.6 Explain working principle & limitations of Differential

U
GPS (DGPS) system.

Regional Satellite Navigation systems and India’s IRNSS

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

3.7 Introduction to RSNS- Explain China’s BeiDou

(COMPASS) Navigation satellite system, , Japan’s Quasi-
Zenith satellite system (QZSS) and France’s Doppler U
Orbitography and Radio Positioning Integrated by
satellite (DORIS), GLONASS, Galileo.

3.8 Explain India’s Indian Regional Navigational satellite

U
system (IRNSS-Navik) and its current stage.

4 Various Bridge Electronic Equipment’s 9 3

Automatic Identification System (AIS)

4.1 Describe types and purpose of AIS information

U
exchange, data exchange.

4.2 Information displayed on AIS screen, U

4.3 Limitations & precautions of AIS during use of AIS for

U
collision avoidance.

LRIT (Long Range Identification and Tracking)

4.4 Explain purpose of LRIT, Data transmitted by LRIT,

U
authorized receivers/ users of LRIT.

4.5 Compare LRIT and AIS. AN

VDR (Voyage Data Recorder)

4.6 Describe concept and purpose of VDR, details &

duration of data recorded on VDR, modules of VDR float U
free Playback Options S-VDR.

Bridge Navigation Watch Alarm System (BNWAS)

4.7 Explain operation, precautions & limitations of BNWAS U

5 Bridge Procedures Guide Contents and Keeping a safe 9 3

Navigational Watch:

5.1 Explain Watch-keeping Arrangements in accordance

with the situations any limitation in qualifications or
fitness of individuals, Individual roles, responsibility and U
team roles shall be established, Effective use of the
resources available.

5.2 States that the Officer Of the Watch (OOW) is

responsible for navigating safely, with particular regard U
to avoiding collision and stranding

5.3 Describe the principles to be observed in keeping a

navigational watch as set out in section A-VIII of the U
STCW Code regarding:

. navigation

. navigational equipment

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

. navigational duties and responsibilities

. handing over and taking over the watch

. lookout

. navigation with a pilot embarked

. protection of the marine environment

. Bridge Navigation Watch Alarm system

. blind pilotage technique

. general principles for ship reporting systems and with

VTS procedures

5.4 Describe the recommendation on operational guidance

for officers in charge of a navigational watch contained U
in chapter VIII, section A-VIII/2 of the STCW Code:

. maintenance of an efficient lookout

. the use of engines and sound signalling apparatus

. taking over the navigational watch

. periodic checks of navigational equipment

. compliance with SOLAS V/19 regarding the use of the

automatic pilot and the changeover to manual steering
and vice versa

. electronic navigational aids

. the use of radar

. navigation in coastal waters

. conduct of the watch in clear weather

. actions to take in restricted visibility

. the circumstances in which the officer of the watch

should call the master

. navigation with a pilot embarked

. briefing of watch keeping personnel

. describe the duties of the officer of the watch while at

anchor

. list the entries which should be made in the logbook.

Handing over and taking over watch:

5.5 -Describe the procedure for handing over and taking

U
over Bridge Watches.

Bridge manning levels:

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

5.6 Describe the basic principles of Bridge Resource

U
management

5.7 Explain the circumstances in which the Officer On Watch

U
(OOW) should call the Master

5.8 Describe the responsibilities of OOW when in-charge of

U
Navigational watch and Extra lookout requirement

5.9 Explain the navigation duties with Pilot embarked U

5.10 List the parameters to be recorded and kept during the

watch of the movements and activities relating to the K
navigation of the ship, Steering the correct course.

5.11 Determine standard compass error is at least once a

watch and, when possible, after any major alteration of U
course.

5.12 Compare standard and gyro compasses and repeaters

AP
frequently, and synchronize with the master compass.

5.13 Describe manual testing of automatic pilot, functioning

U
of navigation and signal lights, radio equipment.

5.14 Describe importance of a lookout, blind pilotage

techniques in restricted visibility, navigation with a pilot
embarked, VTS procedures, watch keeping procedures U
at anchor, usefulness of Ship Reporting Systems, and
circumstances in which to call the master.

5.15 Action to be taken on receiving Storm Warning- Read

barometer pressure, wind speed & direction, state of U
sea, gathering information from weather reports.

Watch Keeping at Sea under Different Conditions in

Different Area as explained in the Bridge Procedure
Guide, use of those checklists

5.16 Explain watch keeping in clear weather, in hours of

darkness, in coastal and congested waters and in rough U
weather.

5.17 Describe Ice navigation & Ice patrolling as per SOLAS

U
(SAFETY OF NAVIGATION)

Tests as per Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), as amended

5.18 -Describe preparation, tests control for proceeding to

sea, making port and entering harbours.
U

TEXT BOOKS

92
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Basic of electronic aids for surface navigation by Dr. Veera Senthil Kumar and Capt. Mihir Chandra-
1
2023 Edition

2 Bridge equipment and watchkeeping by Capt.A.G.Bhatia 2022 Edition

3 Ship Borne Radar and ARPA Nutshell Series Book 3 by Capt H. Subramaniam

Seamanship Techniques: Shipboard & Marine Operations, 5th Edition (special Indian Edition) -
4
By: D. J. House | Publisher: Routledge Taylor & Francis

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 IMO : Standard Marine Communication Phrases - by Sterling Book House IMO SMCP:

A Guide to the Collision Avoidance Rules - by Cockcroft and Lameijer-7th Edition- Published by
2
Butterworth-Heinemann on 17 November 2011

3 Bridge Procedure Guide – ICS

4 Bridge Team work - Nautical Institute

5 Electronic Navigation Systems by L. Tetley & D. Calcutt-3rd Edition - 20 March 2001

Ship Magnetic Compass- Capt T.K. Joseph & Capt. S S S Rewari- Published by Applied Research
6
International on 1 January 2018

Bridge Equipment, Charts & Publication Nutshell Series Book 5- Capt. H. Subramaniam-1st Edition -
7
Vijaya Publications on 1 January 2017

8 Modern electronic Navigation Aids-Bhatia & Sinha

Pedagogy

Lecture, PPT, Assignment, Seminar, Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning.

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

CORE UG21T6303 – SHIP STABILITY-I LECTURE TUTORIAL TOTAL

COURSE
(CC) CREDITS 3 1 4

HOURS 45 15 60

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)

On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Apply stability formula in calculating basic vessel stability parameters
CLO2 Estimate the centre of gravity of the vessel during cargo operation
CLO3 Analyse the transverse statical stability of the vessel
CLO4 Calculate the list of the vessel after cargo operations
CLO5 Apply stability related knowledge in hindship calculations
Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H H M M H
CLO2 H H M M H
CLO3 H H M M H
CLO4 H H M M H
CLO5 H H M M H

H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

UNIT NO SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) COGNITIVE LECTURE TUTORIAL

LEVEL(K/U/AP HOURS HOURS
/AN/C) 45 15
1 Introduction to ship stability 9 3

1.1 Explain Archimedes Principle & Principle of flotation. U

Compute underwater volumes of regular geometrical

1.2 AP
shapes and solve numerical on flotation.

Define Centre of Buoyancy as the geometric centre of the

1.3 underwater volume & the up thrust by the water is known K
as Buoyancy.

Define Reserve buoyancy as the above water enclosed

1.4 volume which provides buoyancy in case vessel becomes K
heavier.

Define Load Displacement, Present displacement, Light

1.5 displacement, Deadweight, Deadweight aboard & K
Deadweight available.

Show mathematically Deadweight = Load displacement –

Light displacement, Deadweight Available = Load
1.6 AP
displacement – Present displacement & Deadweight aboard
= Present displacement – Light displacement.

Explain how the draft of a vessel changes due to change of

1.7 U
density.

94
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Stability Terminology:

1.8 Sketch and define TPC. Show that TPC = density x A/100 AP

Define Fresh Water Allowance (FWA). Show that FWA in cm

1.9 K
can be calculated using formula W/40 TPC.

1.10 Define Dock Water Allowance (DWA). K

1.11 Calculate TPC, FWA & DWA in various densities. AP

Sketch & define Block co-efficient (Cb), Water-plane

1.12 coefficient (Cw), Mid-ship Coefficient (Cm), Prismatic AP
Coefficient (Cp).

1.13 Show the relationship between Cp, Cb& Cm. AN

Calculate TPC given maximum Length, breadth of water

1.14 AP
plane, density of water & Cw.

Calculate Displacement given maximum length, breadth,

1.15 AP
draft and density of water &Cb.

2 Centre of Gravity : 9 3

Define Centre of gravity of ship and factors affecting the

2.1 K
same.

State that COG on a ship can be pinpointed if the 3

references are known. Distance from Keel, Distance from
2.2 K
Aft perpendicular (or midships) & distance from fore and aft
centre line.

Calculate movement of COG when only one operation is

2.3 AP
carried out using GG1 formula.

Calculate KG of a Ship when multiple operations are carried

2.4 AP
out using moments about the keel.

Determine the position of the longitudinal centre of gravity

2.5 (LCG) of a ship for different conditions of load & ballast using AP
moments about the Aft Perpendicular.

Explain the effect on the position of centre of gravity of a

2.6 U
ship by adding, removing and/or shifting weights.

Centre of Buoyancy & Centre of Flotation

2.7 Define Centre of buoyancy and factors affecting the same. K

State that COB on a ship can be pinpointed if the 3

references are known. Distance from Keel, Distance from
2.8 K
Aft perpendicular (or midships) & distance from fore and aft
centre line.

Define Longitudinal Centre of Buoyancy (LCB) & factors

2.9 K
affecting their positions.

95
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Calculate KB & LCB of a ship with regular geometrical

2.10 AP
shapes.

2.11 Define Centre of Floatation and factors affecting its position. K

Density, Draft & Displacement:

Construct Displacement, TPC & Deadweight curves to scale

2.12 AP
for a given data.

Use displacement and TPC curves to determine weights of

2.13 U
cargo or ballast from draughts or freeboards.

3 Transverse Statical Stability and Equilibrium of Ships: 9 3

Draw the midship diagram for a box shaped vessel & show
3.1 Keel, COB, COG, Metacentre, Metacentric height, righting K
lever.

Explain Righting Moment can be calculated as a product of

3.2 U
displacement & Righting Lever.

State the Wall sided Formula for calculating Righting lever

3.3 K
for large angles of heel.

Calculate Moment of Statical Stability for small as well as

3.4 AP
large angles of heel.

Define Stiff and Tender ships. Compare and contrast the

3.5 K
various characteristics of stiff and tender ships.

3.6 Define Stable, unstable and neutral equilibrium K

Sketch the midship transverse section of a box shaped

3.7 AP
vessel to show Stable equilibrium.

Sketch the midship transverse section of a box shaped

3.8 AP
vessel to show Unstable equilibrium.

Sketch the midship transverse section of a box shaped

3.9 AP
vessel to show neutral equilibrium.

4 Free Surface effect and List 9 3

Sketch the midship transverse section of a heeled ship &

4.1 AP
explain Free Surface Effect.

State formula for calculating Free Surface correction (FSC)

4.2 K
due to single slack tank.

State formula for calculating Free Surface correction (FSC)

4.3 K
due to multiple slack tanks.

State formula for calculating Free Surface Correction (FSC)

4.4 K
when tanks are subdivided into identical compartments.

4.5 Calculate FSC due to slack tanks and compute GM (fluid). AP

96
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Define List as the transverse inclination caused when the

4.6 K
COG of the ship is off the centre line.

4.7 State the difference between and list & heel. K

Sketch the midship transverse section of a listed ship and

4.8 AP
show Tan Ѳ = GG1/GM

State that the GM considered for calculating List will

4.9 K
always be GM(Fluid)

Calculate List while Loading, Discharging and/or shifting

4.10 AP
weights.

Explain procedure to correct List by loading, discharging or

4.11 U
shifting weights.

4.12 Solve numerical for correction of List. AP

5 M.V. HINDSHIP: 9 3

Demonstrate the use of Ship and Hydrostatic particulars of

5.1 U
M.V. Hindship.

Apply knowledge of above topics & calculate numerical

5.2 AP
from 1 to 25 from M.V. Hindship.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Ship Stability at the Operational Level- Capt. Subramaniam H Published by Vijaya Publications, Published on1-Jan-
2021
2. Stability, trim and cargo calculations on M.V. Hindship and Oil Tankers- Capt. Joseph & Capt. Rewari,Edition
3,Published by Applied Research International, Published on2018.
3. Stability Table Trim & stability particulars of M.V. Hindship (Stability tables) -Bhandarkar Publication.
REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Ship Stability for Masters & / Mates - C.B. Barrass and D.R. Derrett-7th Edition-Published on Butterworth-
Heinemann Ltd on 5 September 2012
2. Ship Stability for Mates & Masters - Martin A. Rhodes - Published by Seamanship International Ltd on 1 st Dec 2003

Pedagogy

Lecture, PPT, Assignment, Seminar, Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning.

97
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

CORE UG21T6304 – CARGO WORK I LECTURE TUTORIAL TOTAL

COURSE
(CC) CREDITS 3 1 4

HOURS 45 15 60

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)

On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Understand the general principles of stowing, segregation and securing of cargo
CLO2 Understand deck cargoes, containers, bulk cargoes hazards including grain and other specialized
cargo.
CLO3 Explain the procedure of hold inspection, hold preparation and ventilation of cargo.
CLO4 Understand the information contained in the IMDG Code and the classification of dangerous
goods.
CLO5 Apply cargo stowage plan to carry out cargo loading, unloading and stowage
Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H H M M -
CLO2 H H M M -
CLO3 H H M M -
CLO4 H H M M -
CLO5 H H M M -
H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

UNIT SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) COGNITIVE LECTURE TUTORIA

NO LEVEL HOURS L HOURS
(K/U/AP/AN 45 15
/C)

1 Types of Cargo and Cargo Care 9 3

Types of Cargoes

Introduction to Cargoes:

General cargo, types of general cargoes, e.g. bales,

boxes, bags, crates, cases, pallets.
1.1 Bulk carrier, examples of bulk cargoes and method of K
loading by Conveyor and discharging by Grab.

Container cargo, Ro-Ro cargo, Lo-Lo cargo, Passenger,

Cattles, Crude Oil, Chemical and Gas (LPG and LNG)

Inspection and preparation of holds K

Outline the reasons for a general inspection of holds and

1.2 K
lists items to be inspected

1.3 Explain the importance of cleaning holds before loading U

98
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Describe how to clean holds after discharge of a general

1.4 U
cargo

1.5 Describe the reasons for using dunnage U

1.6 State the types and sizes of material used for dunnage K

Describe the methods of dunnaging a hold for various

1.7 U
cargoes and how to dispose of old dunnage

State that dirty dunnage may taint or contaminate the

1.8 K
next cargo

1.9 Describe the fitting or spar ceiling and explains its purpose U

State that bilges or drain wells should be clean, dry and

1.10 K
sweet-smelling disinfectants used

Explain how bilge suctions should be checked for efficient

1.11 U
working scuppers and sounding pipes

Describe how limbers and drain well covers should be

1.12 treated to prevent suctions being blocked by small debris, U
but ensuring free drainage to the suctions

State that the ballast lines to deep tanks should be

1.13 K
blanked when preparing to load dry cargo

State that the use of a deodorizing wash for ozonator may

1.14 be necessary to remove strong odours from a previous K
cargo

-Segregation and separation of cargoes

Explain the need for the segregation of different cargoes

1.15 U
with reference to:

1.16 – dangerous goods

1.17 – dry cargo

1.18 – wet cargo

1.19 – clean cargo

1.20 – dirty cargo

1.21 – delicate cargo

1.22 – valuable cargo, e.g. bank notes, personal effects

Describe how the cargoes in the above objectives can be

1.23 U
segregated

Explain that separation between parcels of cargo for

1.24 different consignees or different ports of discharge is U
required

1.25 Describe methods of separating adjacent parcels of cargo U

99
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Describe the use of port marking to separate parcels for

1.26 U
discharge at different ports

2 Securing cargoes, Cargo handling equipment and safety 9 3

2.1 Explain the need for solid stow and securing of all cargoes U

state that cargo liable to slide during rolling, such as steel

2.2 K
rails, should be stowed fore and aft

Describe methods of blocking, lashing, shoring, chocking

2.3 U
cargo

Describe the method of securing cargo faces resulting

2.4 U
from part discharge before making a sea passage

2.5 Describe methods of securing heavy loads and heavy lifts U

Describe methods of stowing and securing vehicles and

2.6 U
trailers

State that unitized containers, trailers, portable tanks and

2.7 other cargo units should be secured in accordance with K
the ship’s cargo securing arrangements manual

Describe passenger operations including passenger cargo,

2.8 U
passenger comfort and safety

Cargo handling equipment

describe the use of slings, snotters, canvas slings, trays,

2.9 pallets, nets, chain slings, cant hooks, bale hooks and U
vehicle slings

Describe the precautions to take when lifting bales with

2.10 hooks in the bale bands and damage caused by hooks U
generally

Describe the handling of common unitized and pre-slung

2.11 U
loads

Compare the advantages and disadvantages of ship’s

2.12 AN
cranes and derricks for handling cargo

Explain the working of Cranes, various safety limits and

2.13 U
markings.

2.14 State the Entries to be made in Chain Register. K

State that gear should be set up in accordance with the

2.15 K
ship’s rigging plan Cargo handling safety

State that all cargo gear should be visually inspected

2.16 before the start of cargo operations each day and K
awareness of test certifications and registration

Describe the importance of having a Safe Working Load

2.17 U
(SWL) for the cargo gear

100
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Explain why the load on cargo gear should never exceed

2.18 U
its safe working load

State that all ropes and wires should come with the
2.19 certificate of their properties. Calculate the Breaking AP
strength of all types of ropes on-board ship.

State that ropes, wires, blocks and loose gear should be

2.20 subject to frequent inspections while in use for cargo K
operations

Explain how to determine when a cargo runner needs

2.21 U
replacing

State that mechanically or hydraulically operated hatches

2.22 should be opened or closed by the ship’s crew under the K
supervision of a responsible person

State that hatch covers should be secured by locking

2.23 K
devices to prevent them moving accidentally

State that beams and covers of partially opened hatches

2.24 should be secured to prevent their accidental K
displacement

State that hatch openings should be securely fenced to a

2.25 K
minimum height of 1 metre

State that it is the ship’s responsibility to cover hatches

2.26 when notice of completion of work for the day is given by K
the stevedore in charge

State that no person should use a ladder in the square of

2.27 a hatch while cargo is being hoisted or lowered in that K
square

State that no person should stand or pass under a

2.28 K
suspended load

Describe the provision of adequate lighting for working

2.29 spaces, portable lights and precaution with dangerous U
cargoes, e.g. jute

State that portable lights should be removed from cargo

2.30 K
spaces as soon as they are no longer required

State that unattended portable lights are potential fire

2.31 K
hazards

Describe the importance of maintaining close

2.32 communication with the shore during the loading and U
unloading stage

Describe the information that should be agreed between

2.33 U
ship and shore before any loading or unloading operation

101
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Calculate the effort on the hauling part of a purchase for a

2.34 given load and using this tension to find the correct size of AP
rope/wire to be used.

Calculate the mechanical advantage and efficiency of a

2.35 system using a combination of two purchases to AP
advantage/disadvantage.

Deck cargo, Bulk cargo (other than grain), Bulk grain

3 9 3
cargo, Ventilation and control

State that cargoes, other than in containers, commonly

3.1 K
carried on deck are:

- Dangerous goods not permitted below decks

- large units, difficult or impossible to stow below

deck, which can safely be exposed to the
elements
- Cargoes which can be exposed to the weather
and which would occupy a very large space
below decks
- livestock in limited numbers

Explains why efficient securing of cargoes is essential for

3.2 U
the safety of the ship as well as the cargo

State that stowage and securing of deck cargo should be

3.3 adequate for the worst conditions which could be K
experienced

State that hatches should be securely closed and cleated

3.4 K
before loading over them

state that stowage should leave safe access to essential

3.5 equipment and spaces needed to navigate and operate K
the ship such as:

– sounding pipes to tanks and bilges

– Devices for the remote operation of valves

– Mooring arrangements

– firefighting and life-saving equipment

– crew accommodation and working spaces

– protection for the crew

State that deck cargo should not obstruct the view from
3.6 K
the navigating bridge or over-side at the bow

State that the weight of deck cargo should not exceed the
3.7 K
maximum permissible load on the deck or hatches

102
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Describe how the effects of a concentrated load can be

spread over a wider area by the use of dunnage and deck
3.8 U
shoring taking into consideration the positioning of
girders, transverses and longitudinal under the tank top

Describe the guard lines or rails to be provided at the

3.9 U
sides of a deck stow and at openings in the stow

Describe the provision of means of safe access between

3.10 U
the deck and the top of the stow

Describe the method of safe stowage and securing of

3.11 containers on deck on vessels not specially designed for U
the carriage of containers

Describe in outline the contents of the IMO International

3.12 U
Maritime Solid Bulk Cargo (IMBSC) Code

– Defines:

– angle of repose

– cargoes which may liquefy – flow moisture point

– flow state

– transportable moisture limit

– Describe in detail the preparation of cargo holds prior to

loading bulk cargoes

Explain that separation between certain bulk cargoes and

3.13 other than bulk cargoes or package of dangerous goods is U
required

Explain that some bulk cargoes may deplete the oxygen

3.14 content of holds or produce toxic gases and describe the U
precautions to take before entry of holds

3.15 Describe the hazards associated with coal cargoes U

Describe the importance of monitoring the temperature

3.16 U
of the holds associated with carriage of coal cargoes

Describe the precautions to take during loading and

3.17 U
discharging coal

3.18 Explain how coal should be ventilated U

Define the following terms as used in the International

3.19 K
Grain Code:

– grain

– filled compartment

– partly filled compartment

Describe the cleaning and preparation of holds and decks

3.20 U
for the carriage of grain

103
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

State that a thorough check for insect or rodent

3.21 K
infestation should be made

Describe the dangers associated with using insecticide in

3.22 U
cargo holds

Explain the importance of trimming and states how it

3.23 U
should be made

list the factors involved in the control of sweat by

3.24 K
ventilation

Distinguish between ship’s sweat and cargo sweat and

3.25 U
explains the conditions in which each is experienced

Describe the system of natural ventilation and how it

3.26 U
should be controlled to minimize the formation of sweat

Describe forced ventilation and humidity control for cargo

3.27 holds and states the properties measured and recorded at U
the control panel

Explain how to operate the ventilation system described

3.28 U
in the above objective

State that ventilation is also required for the removal of

3.29 K
heat, gases and odours

3.30 State examples of cargoes requiring special ventilation K

Dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes, Container 9 3

4
cargo

Explain the different types of containment covered by the

4.1 U
term “packaged form”

Describe the classification of dangerous goods in the

4.2 U
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code

State that the duty officer should have information on the

quantities, types of package, proper shipping names
4.3 K
(correct technical names), classification, stowage and
segregation of the dangerous goods to be handled

State that the duty officer should have information on the

4.4 special measures to be taken when a certain dangerous K
cargo is handled

State that the measures to be taken in the event of an

incident or accident should be made known and that any
4.5 K
necessary equipment and sufficient crew to operate it
should be available

State that the actions to be taken are laid down in the

IMO Emergency Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous
4.6 Goods (EMS) K

104
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

State that IMO Medical First Aid Guide for Use in

4.7 Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods (MFAG) and the K
International Medical Guide for Ships (IMGS)

State that any incident or accident during the handling of

dangerous goods should be reported immediately to the
4.8 K
person in charge of the operation and all cargo operations
to be ceased

State that any doubts about the suitability and integrity of

4.9 K
packages should be reported to the master or chief mate

State the fire precautions which should be taken when

4.10 K
carrying dangerous goods

Describe the precautions which should be taken while

4.11 U
loading or discharging explosives

Describe methods of securing containers on deck.

4.12 U
Explain Container Lashing Materials.

Describe the types and sizes of containers in use.

4.13 U
Describe safety approval plate (CSC Plate)

Cargo calculations and cargo plans, Heavy Lift Ships/Ro-

5 9 3
Ro Ships/Offshore Supply Vessels, Refrigerated cargo

5.1 Distinguish between Bale capacity and Grain capacity AN

Define ‘Stowage Factor’ Breaking strength; Proof Load;

5.2 K
Factor of Safety

Define ‘Broken Stowage’ and states how an allowance for

5.3 K
it is made. Explain Load density.

calculates the weight that the holds will contain given the
5.4 AP
capacity to hold and the stowage factor of the cargo,

calculates the space required given the weights and

5.5 AP
stowage factors of one or more cargoes,

calculate the quantity of Two different cargo given SF

5.6 which can be loaded in a stated space, making allowance AP
for broken stowage in order to Maximize the Freight

calculate the Freight that a ship owner will earn for the
quantity of cargo given (SF) which can be loaded in a
5.7 AP
stated space, making allowance for broken stowage and
load density

calculate the number of packages of given dimensions

5.8 which can be loaded in a stated space, making allowance AP
for broken stowage and load density

Use of Loadicator for stowage Plan, Trimming of Bulk

5.9 K
Cargo, Draft Survey and calculation of cargo quantity.

105
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

State information from cargo plans of general cargo ships

5.10 K
or container ships

5.11 Understand the uses of a hold capacity plan U

calculate to estimate the bulk cargo quantity- basic

5.12 calculation with mean of mean draft without trim AP
corrections (on bulk carrier)

State the significance of different loadline zones while

5.13 K
loading cargo

5.14 List the factors to be considered for Heavy Lift Operations. K

5.15 Describe the safe loading/discharging of Ro-Ro cargoes K

5.16 Define types and features of Off-shore supply vessels K

Explain the Uses and purpose of OSVs. Introduction to DP

5.17 U
Vessels

5.18 Explain how holds and lockers are prepared for loading U

Explain the need for the pre-cooling of spaces and

5.19 U
dunnage to be used

Describe the dunnaging requirements for refrigerated

5.20 U
cargo

5.21 Give examples of commodities carried chilled K

5.22 Give examples of frozen cargoes K

list the inspections of the cargo which should be made

5.23 K
before and during the loading

Describe the use of brine traps in compartment drains –

5.24 U
before this stage

Explain the purpose of compartment temperature

5.25 K
recordings

TEXT BOOKS

1 Cargo work for ship officer-Capt. Errol Fernandes ,Published by Marinez Enterprises on 1 Jan 1993

REFERENCE BOOKS

Cargo Notes- Dhananjay Swadi-2nd Edition- Published by Witherby Seamanship International Ltd
1
on 31 July 2009

2 IMDG Code Vol I,II & Supplement - Published by International Maritime Organization on 21 Jan 21

3 IMO Grain Code ,CSC , IMSBC Code & BLU Code

4 Cargo Work for Maritime Operation- D.J. House- 7th Edition.

Pedagogy

Lecture, PPT, Assignment, Seminar, Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning.

106
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

CORE UG21T6305 – CELESTIAL NAVIGATION LECTURE TUTORIAL TOTAL

COURSE CREDITS 4 1 5
(CC) HOURS 60 15 75
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Understand terminologies in celestial sphere
CLO2 Apply formula to calculate various hour angles in determining position
CLO3 Calculate azimuth, amplitude and altitude of celestial body
CLO4 Apply formula for finding position line by long by Chron and Intercept
method
CLO5 Calculate position line by intercept method

Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H H L - H
CLO2 H H L - H
CLO3 H H L - H
CLO4 H H L - H
CLO5 H H L - H

H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

COGNITIVE
LECTURE TUTORIA
UNIT LEVEL(K/U/AP/AN/
SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) HOURS L HOURS
NO C)
60 15

1 Celestial Sphere and Equinoctial System of

12 3
Coordinates:
1.1 Describe the celestial sphere. U
1.2 Explain the apparent annual motion of sun and the U
concept of ecliptic.
1.3 Define celestial poles, celestial meridian, K
equinoctial, Vertical circles, Prime vertical and
obliquity of ecliptic
1.4 State the equinoctial as fixed reference plane and K
the direction of first point of Aries as reference
direction (ignoring the effect of precession).
1.5 Describe the equinoctial system of coordinates. K
Solar System:
1.6 State the composition and dimensions of the Solar K
System.
1.7 Explain Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. U
1.8 Name inferior and superior planet. K
1.9 Describe the earth’s elliptical orbit K

107
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

1.10 State approximate Aphelion and Perihelion K

distance and date.
1.11 Explain the eccentricity of earth’s orbit. U
1.12 Describe the inclination of earth’s axis to the plane U
of orbit and the stability of the axis (ignoring
precession) and its effect on the Seasons.
1.13 State the date of solstice and equinoxes. K
1.14 Explain the concept of earth’s axial rotation giving U
day and night.
1.15 Explain the varying length of daylight throughout U
the year.
1.16 Explain the daylight and darkness condition in U
various latitudes at the solstice and equinoxes.
1.17 Describe the significance of tropic of Cancer and U
Capricorn and of Arctic and Antarctic circles.
1.18 Describe Earth and Moon system; Phases of U
moon; Solar and lunar eclipses; Condition
necessary for occurrence of solar or lunar eclipse;
Umbra and Penumbra.
Hour Angle and Time
Describe the concept of earths axial rotation U
1.19
causing change in hours angle of the body
Define Greenwich hour angle (GHA), Local hour K
1.20 angle (LHA), sidereal hour angle, declination,
longitude and explain their relationship.
Define Time and hour angle, Greenwich time, K
1.21 Zone time, Standard time, GMT, LMT, relationship
between longitude and time.
Describe the rate of change of GHA of sun and U
1.22
Aries, Polar distance and Right Ascension (RA).
Identify Position of heavenly body on celestial AP
1.23 sphere by its declination and GHA or by its altitude
and azimuth.
Identify the tabulation of SHA, GHA and AP
1.24 declination (‘d’ and ‘v’ corrections) in Nautical
almanac for all celestial bodies.
Determine the geographical position of a body for AP
1.25
any given GMT. Calculation based on above.
2 Altitude Corrections and Pole Star Observation: 12 3
2.1 Define sextant altitude. Demonstrate how to U
retrieve and return the Sextant into the storage
box. Demonstrate how to read a sextant.
2.2 Show how to correct a sextant into which has U
been introduced one or more of errors of
perpendicularity, side error or index error.
2.3 Demonstrate how to find the index error of the U
sextant by the horizon.
2.4 Describe how to find index error of the sextant by U
the sun

108
 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

2.5 Demonstrate use of sextant for taking horizontal U

and vertical angles.
2.6 Describe the purpose of altitude correction. U
Define visible, sensible and Rational horizons.
2.7 Define observed altitude and true altitude K
2.8 Define dip, refraction, semi-diameter and parallax K
and explains their causes.
2.9 Illustrates the effect of terrestrial refraction on dip U
and the distance of the sea horizon.
2.10 Demonstrate the use of altitude correction tables U
in Nautical Almanac.
2.11 Obtain the true zenith distance from the true AP
altitude of the body.
2.12 Calculation based on above. AP
Daily Motion and Horizontal System of
Coordinates:
2.13 Define Rational horizon, Zenith and Nadir, K
elevated pole and depressed pole.
2.14 Describe the relationship between altitudes of U
elevated pole and the latitude of the observer.
2.15 Find the value of polar distance of the body, using AP
its declination.
2.16 Apply the polar distance to the true altitude of the AP
body at lower transit to find the altitude of the
elevated pole and the latitude.
2.17 Define a position line/position circle. K
2.18 Describe the direction of the position line through U
the observer.
2.19 Define the observers upper and lower celestial K
meridian.
2.20 Explain the true and apparent motion of bodies. U
2.21 Explain the relationship between azimuth and U
quadrantal bearings and 360 degrees’ notation
bearing.
2.22 Recognise the parts of PZX triangle. Draw figure on K
the plane of rational horizon and of the observer’s
celestial meridian to illustrate navigational
problems and principles.
Polaris (Pole Star) observation:
2.23 Explain how the pole star Identified during Night. U
2.24 Explain why the pole star is visible only in the U
Northern Hemisphere.
2.25 Calculate Latitude of the observer using Polaris. AP

2.26 Calculate using pole star the Compass Error and AP

given Variation find out Deviation.
3 Azimuth (Sun, Star and Planets), Amplitude (Sun), 12 3
and Lat by Mer Alt (Sun):

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

3.1 Calculate the Azimuth of a Heavenly body (Sun, AP

Star and Planets only) at any given time
(GMT/UTC). Find the Gyro and Mag Compass
Error, calculate the Deviation if Variation given
visa-versa.
3.2 Calculate Sun Rise, Sun Set time. AP
3.3 Calculate Amplitude (Sun). AP
3.4 Find the Gyro and Mag Compass Error, calculate AP
the Deviation if Variation given.
3.5 Latitude by Meridian Altitude (Sun): AP
3.6 Apply the zenith distance of a body when it is on AP
observer’s meridian to the declination of the body
to obtain observers latitude. Apply these correctly
when declination and latitude have same name
and different name.
3.7 Describe the direction of the position line through U
the observer when taking a meridian altitude.
3.8 Time of the meridian passage of Sun. U
3.9 Calculate latitude by meridian altitude of Sun. AP
3.10 Find the Direction of the position line and the AP
position through which it passes.
4 Long by Chron (Sun) and Intercept (Sun) (Marcq 12 3
St. Hilaire method):
4.1 Calculate the Observed Longitude using Long by AP
Chron method with heavenly body sun only.
4.2 Find the Direction of the position line and the AP
position through which it passes.
4.3 Calculate the Intercept using Marc St. Hillarie AP
Method (Intercept method) with heavenly body
sun only.
4.4 Find the Direction of the position line, and Position AP
through which it passes.
5 Twilight, Circumpolar bodies and Star Identifier 12 3

5.1 Define Twilight. K

5.2 Explain the Civil, Nautical and Astronomical U
Twilight.
5.3 Calculate Civil, Nautical and Astronomical Twilight AP
timings in the morning and Evening hours.
5.4 Define Circumpolar bodies. K
5.5 Describe the conditions for the heavenly bodies to U
be circumpolar.
5.6 Explain the upper and the lower Meridian U
Passages.
5.7 Calculate the Latitude using the circumpolar AP
bodies.
5.8 Use of Star Identifier, Identify important K
Constellations (Ursa Major, Cassiopeia, Orion,
Canis Major, Centaurus, Crux, and Carina) and the
Stars on the Night Sky

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

TEXT BOOKS:
Principles of Navigation by Capt.S.S.S. S Rewari & Capt. T.K. Joseph,Edition 2, Published by
Applied Research International,Published on 1 January 2018
1
2 Practical Navigation by Capt.H.Subramaniam 2010 Edition
3 Nautical Almanac
REFERENCE BOOKS
1 The Admiralty Manual of Navigation: Principles of Navigation:Vol. 1-NauticalInstitute
2 The Admiralty Manual of Navigation: Astro NavigationVol.2- Nautical Institute
3 Norrie’s Nautical Tables
4 Star Identifier set
Pedagogy
Lecture, PPT, Assignment, Seminar, Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning.

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

PRACTICAL UG21P6306 - NAV EQUIPMENT OOW PRACTICAL TUTORIAL TOTAL

– CORE SIMULATOR PRACTICAL
CREDITS 2 0.5 2.5
COURSE
HOURS 60 15 75
(PL/CC)

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)

On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Use of sextant azimuth mirror identify vessels
CLO2 Operate hand steering and autopilot
CLO3 Demonstrate Look out duties and action to avoid collision as per ror
CLO4 Operate Meteorological equipments and enter observations in log books
CLO5 Demonstrate Electronic navigational aids and radar/arpa/auto pilot
Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 M - M - -
CLO2 M M M -
CLO3 H M H - L
CLO4 H H M - M
CLO5 H M M M -

H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

COGNITIVE
PRACTICAL TUTORIAL
UNIT LEVEL
SPECIFIC LEARNINGOBJECTIVES (TOPICS) HOURS HOURS
NO (K/U/AP/AN
60 15
/C)
Determining Errors on Sextant Altitude and Azimuth
1 15 3
instruments:

Demonstrate parts of sextant.

1.1 Demonstrate the use of sextant in measuring altitude of AP
sun, Horizontal and Vertical Sextant angles

1.2 Determine the Errors on sextant AP

Demonstrate the use of azimuth mirror in a binnacle/

1.3 AP
repeater;

1.4 Practice determining compass error and log keeping AP

2 Steering and Lookout 15 4

2.1 Steer a steady course on OOW simulator. AP

2.2 Respond to steering orders and Execute Steering orders AP

2.3 Execute Handing over wheel to the relieving helmsman AP

2.4 Practice communication while on hand steering AP

Practice Change over from hand steering to auto pilot

2.5 AP
and vice versa

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

Look out

2.6 Report of target on OOW Simulator; AP

2.7 Identify the types of vessel by its day and night signals AP

2.8 Identify vessels by its sound signals in restricted visibility AP

2.9 Demonstrate the actions to avoid collision by models AP

3 Meteorological equipment 15 4

Demonstrate the use of hygrometer, psychrometer,

3.1 AP
barometer, barograph, anemometer;

3.2 Record weather observation; AP

3.3 Practice Log book writing, AP

4 Electronic Navigational equipment 15 4

Demonstrate use of GPS, Echo sounder, Doppler log and

4.1 AP
AIS

4.2 Operate GPS, Echo sounder, Doppler log, AIS in simulator AP

Operate the controls on marine radar, interpret radar

4.3 AP
display on a simulator;

Use of ARPA and parallel index technique during the

4.4 AP
passage.

Reference book

1 Seamanship Techniques: Shipboard & Marine Operations, 5th Edition (special Indian Edition) - By: D. J.

House | Publisher: Routledge Taylor & Francis

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

PRACTICAL – UG21P6307 - PROJECT WORK PRACTICAL TUTORIAL TOTAL

SUMMER PRACTICAL
CREDITS 2 0.5 2.5
INTERNSHIP (PL/SI)
HOURS 60 15 75

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)

On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Make model of various parts of the ships
CLO2 Role model of onboard officers
CLO3 Analyse maritime case studies
Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 M H L M -
CLO2 M H L M -
CLO3 M H L M -
H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

COGNITIVE
PRACTICA TUTORIA
UNIT LEVEL
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES(TOPICS) L HOURS L HOURS
NO (K/U/AP/A
60 15
N/C)
1 Model making 15 4
1.1 Make a scaled working model of any ship board AP
equipment or machinery, demonstrating one of the
maritime concepts. (This can be done in a group consists
of maximum of 8 cadets making a model)
2 Human Element in Shipping 15 3
2.1 Demonstrate various facets of Human Element AP
2.2 Devise few methodologies for promoting safety culture AP
onboard
2.3 Enact the above in a mode of your choice - skit, drama, AP
song or any other practical way - for the others to
understand.
3 Analyse Case Study Reports – AN 15 4
3.1 Download one of the detailed Final Report published by
Maritime administration – eg :
a. Fire Onboard Xpress Pearl - 2021
b. Grounding of MV Evergiven – 2021
c. Grounding of MV Wakashio – 2020
d. Fire onboard Maersk Homnam – 2018
Or any other similar final report of Maritime accidents.
1. Understand the sequence of Investigation reports
2. Read the index page to understand how factual
evidences are collected.
3. Read through the analysis section to understand how
evidences are linked together to reach towards conclusion
of Root Cause of accidents

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

4. Read through the Recommendations section to

understand how similar accidents can be avoided.
4 Maritime Case Studies – Learning from Others mistakes AN 15 4
4.1 Links for Maritime case studies given in References below.
The below exercise to be done by a group consists of
maximum of 8 cadets
1. Explore various Maritime accident case studies and
chose one case study
2. Do a detailed analysis of the accident / incident and
determine its root cause.
3. If the above were to happen in your ship, how will you
implement methodologies to avoid its recurrence
4. Enact the above in a mode of your choice - skit, drama,
song or any other practical way - for the others to
understand the mistakes made and avoid it recurrences.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1 a. Japanese P&I Club - Understanding Case Studies
https://www.piclub.or.jp/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Loss-Prevention-Bulletin-Vol.40-Full.pdf
2 b. The Human Element - A Guide to Human Behaviour in the Shipping Industry - UK MCA
http://www.nautinst.org/static/uploaded/e22106a2-337b-46a9-9449aa6fc2c439f5.pdf
3 a. Fire onboard Xpress Pearl - 2021
https://www.mot.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/final-report---tib-mai-cas-
110---fire-onboard-x-press-pearl-colombo-anchorage-20-may-2021.pdf
4 b. Grounding of MV Evergiven 2021
https://maritimecyprus.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Final-Investigation-Report-Ever-Given-
23-March-2021.pdf
5 c. Grounding of MV Wakashio 2020
https://www.mlit.go.jp/jtsb/eng-mar_report/2023/2020tk0010e.pdf
6 d. Fire onboard Maersk Homnam - 2018
https://www.mot.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/final-report_mib-mai-cas-
035---fire-on-board-srs-maersk-honam-on-6-march-2018.pdf
7 Swedish Club - Collection of Case Studies
https://www.swedishclub.com/loss-prevention/cases/case-studies/
8 Confidential Human Factors Incident Reporting Programme - Maritime
9 Chirp Reports : https://chirp.co.uk/maritime/reports/
10 DGS Casualty Circular No. 01 of 2024
https://www.dgshipping.gov.in/writereaddata/ShippingNotices/202402230510448735170casualtyc
iruclarno01of2024.pdf
11 DGS Report of Shipping Casualty 2014 to 2016
https://www.dgshipping.gov.in/writereaddata/ShippingNotices/201907180516294513521CASULAT
Y_REPORT_2014-16_NT.pdf
Pedagogy
Group Discussion, and Activity based Learning and case study analysis

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

FIELD UG21F6308 Field Practice – PRACTICAL TUTORIAL TOTAL

PRACTICE - Planetarium/ Light House visit
CREDITS 0.5 0.5 1
MULTI
DISCIPLINARY HOURS 15 15 30
(FP/MD)

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)

On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 See the operations of light house
CLO2 Experience the celestial objects useful for navigation

Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4

CLO1 H H L -
CLO2 H H L -
H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

COGNITI PRACTI TUTOR

UNIT VE LEVEL CAL IAL
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES(TOPICS) HOURS
NO (K/U/AP HOURS
/AN/C) 15 15

Campuses / Colleges to have the flexibility to choose unit1

AND/OR unit2 AND/OR unit3 that are feasible based on
availability / location. Atleast one industry related activity has to
be done

1 Light House visit AP 5 5

- A visit to a Light House and Light house museum

- write a report on the experience and knowledge gained
by the visit
2 Meteorological Observatory visit AP 5 5

- A visit to a Meteorological Observatory and

- write a report on the experience and knowledge gained
by the visit
3 Planetarium and Maritime Museum visit AP 5 5

- A visit to a Planetarium and/ or Maritime Museum

- Write an experience on observing the celestial objects
- write an essay on the experience in the Maritime
Museum visit

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 B.Sc. Nautical Science – 6th Revision

STUDIO UG21F6309 Technical Writing Skills on PRACTICAL TUTORIAL TOTAL

ACTIVITIES Navigational Subjects CREDITS 0.5 0.5 1
VALUE HOURS 15 15 30
ADDED
(SA /VA)
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to

CLOs CLO STATEMENT

CLO1 Practice reviewing maritime related books

Mapping with Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO)

CLOs/PLOs PLO1 PLO2 PLO3 PLO4 PLO5

CLO1 H H - - -
H-High; M-Medium; L-Low

TUTORIAL
UNIT COGNITIVELEVEL PRACTICAL
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES(TOPICS) HOURS
NO (K/U/AP/AN/C) HOURS 15
15

Practice Technical report writing in Navigation

1 15
related subjects 15
Write review report after reviewing Ocean passage
1.1 AP
for the world
Write a review report from Mariner's handbook any AP
1.2 one topic
1.3 Write review report after reviewing Sailing Directions AP
Write review report after reviewing Admiralty List if
AP
1.4 lights and fog signals
Write review report after reviewing Admiralty List of
1.5 AP
Radio signals

117