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Question 3 Assignment

The document outlines a numerical simulation for one-dimensional steady heat conduction across a material interface with differing conductivities. It details the setup, explicit time marching method for temperature updates, and computes the steady-state heat flux and interface temperature. The results include visualizations of the temperature profile at various time steps and an error report comparing the numerical solution to the analytic solution.

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ankitkalyan100
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5 views3 pages

Question 3 Assignment

The document outlines a numerical simulation for one-dimensional steady heat conduction across a material interface with differing conductivities. It details the setup, explicit time marching method for temperature updates, and computes the steady-state heat flux and interface temperature. The results include visualizations of the temperature profile at various time steps and an error report comparing the numerical solution to the analytic solution.

Uploaded by

ankitkalyan100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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clear; clc; close all;

%% ====== Problem Setup ======


Nx_nodes = 101; % Number of grid points (0 to 100 inclusive)
x_length = 100; % Total length
dx_step = 1.0; % Grid spacing
time_steps = 5000; % Simulation steps
dt_step = 0.05; % Time step size

k_left = 1.0; % Conductivity in left half


k_right = 5.0; % Conductivity in right half
x_split = 50; % Position of material interface

T_LBC = 500; % Left boundary temperature


T_RBC = 100; % Right boundary temperature

%% ====== Initial Temperature Field ======


Temp = zeros(Nx_nodes, time_steps);
Temp(:,1) = 300; % Initial guess
Temp(1,1) = T_LBC;
Temp(end,1) = T_RBC;

%% ====== Explicit Time Marching ======


for n = 1:(time_steps-1)
for p = 2:(Nx_nodes-1)
xpos = (p-1); % Actual coordinate

% Left conductivity (half step)


if xpos-1 < x_split
k_mhalf = k_left;
else
k_mhalf = k_right;
end

% Right conductivity (half step)


if xpos < x_split
k_phalf = k_left;
else
k_phalf = k_right;
end

% Temperature update (explicit scheme)


Temp(p, n+1) = Temp(p, n) + dt_step/(dx_step^2) * ...
( k_phalf * (Temp(p+1, n) - Temp(p, n)) ...
- k_mhalf * (Temp(p, n) - Temp(p-1, n)) );
end

% Boundary conditions
Temp(1, n+1) = T_LBC;
Temp(end, n+1) = T_RBC;

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end

%% ====== Analytic Steady-State Solution ======


x_grid = 0:dx_step:x_length;

% Thermal resistances
R_left = x_split / k_left;
R_right = (x_length - x_split) / k_right;
R_tot = R_left + R_right;

% Steady flux (positive left→right)


q_flux = (T_LBC - T_RBC) / R_tot; % will be 20/3
fprintf('Steady-state heat flux q = %.5f\n', q_flux);

Steady-state heat flux q = 6.66667

% Interface temperature
T_int = T_LBC - (q_flux / k_left) * x_split;

% Piecewise analytic profile


T_exact = zeros(size(x_grid));
T_exact(x_grid <= x_split) = T_LBC - (q_flux / k_left) * x_grid(x_grid <= x_split);
T_exact(x_grid > x_split) = T_int - (q_flux / k_right) * (x_grid(x_grid > x_split)
- x_split);

%% ====== Visualization ======


figure('Color','w','Position',[120 120 900 450]);

% Pick times to plot


snapshots = [1, 80, 400, 2000, time_steps];
styles = {'-','--','-.',':','-'};

hold on;
for s = 1:length(snapshots)
plot(x_grid, Temp(:, snapshots(s)), styles{s}, 'LineWidth', 1.4, ...
'DisplayName', sprintf('t = %d', snapshots(s)));
end

% Analytic line
plot(x_grid, T_exact, 'k', 'LineWidth', 2, 'DisplayName', 'Analytic');

% Interface marker
yl = ylim;
plot([x_split x_split], yl, ':', 'Color', [0.3 0.3 0.3]);

xlabel('Position (x)');
ylabel('Temperature (°C)');
title('1D Steady Heat Conduction with Interface');
legend('Location', 'northeast');
grid on;

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xlim([0 x_length]);

%% ====== Error Report ======


err_inf = max(abs(Temp(:, end) - T_exact'));
fprintf('Max absolute error at final time: %.6f\n', err_inf);

Max absolute error at final time: 49.064707

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