A.P.
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL (ICSE)
2025-26
STD: VI
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 2: ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS
LEVEL 1: Remembering and Understanding
A. Select the correct option
1. What is the Latin name of potassium? Kalium
a) Kalium b) Natrium c) Argentum d) Ferrum
2. Which of the following substances is not a compound? Oxygen
a) Water b) Sugar c) Oxygen d) Common salt
3. Which of the following does carbon dioxide represent? Compound
a) Mixture b) Noble gas c) Compound d) Metalloid
4. Which of the following molecules is diatomic? Hydrogen , Oxygen
a) Hydrogen b) Oxygen c) Phosphorus d) Ozone
5. Which of the following is a common household item made from carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen? Vinegar
a) Vinegar b) Baking soda c) Salt d) Water
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Pure substances are made of identical particles and have a fixed composition.
2. The constituent particles of an element are called atoms.
3. А compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements.
4. Noble gases exist as monoatomic species.
5. The chemical formula represents a molecule of the compound.
C. State whether the following statements are true or false. Rewrite the false statements
correctly.
1. A particle of a pure substance can be split further-false
Correct statement-A particle of a pure substance cannot be split further.
2. Metals conduct heat and electricity-True
3. The chemical symbol of an element can be the last letter of its name-false
Correct statement-The chemical symbol of an element can be the first letter of its name.
4. Atoms of two different elements have similar properties-false
Correct statement -Atoms of different elements have different properties.
5. The number of atoms present in a molecule of a compound can be fractional--false
Correct statement -The number of atoms present in a molecule of a compound is in fixed
whole number ratio.
D. Define the following terms.
a) Pure substances -Substances which contain particles of only one kind are called pure
substances.
b) Metalloids-Elements that possess the properties of both metals and non-metals are called
metalloids.
c) Atomicity-The atomicity of an element is defined as the number of atoms present in its
molecule.
d) Chemical formula-The chemical formula of a compound means the symbolic
representation of the composition of the compound.
E. Differentiate between the following.
1. An atom and a molecule
Ans:
Atom Molecule
1. It is the smallest unit of an element. 1. It is the smallest unit of an element or a
compound.
2.Atoms may or may not exist independently. 2. Molecules can exist independently.
3. It cannot be split further. 3.It can be split further into constituent elements.
4. There are no chemical bonds in atoms. 4. Atoms in a molecule are held together by
chemical bonds.
2. A chemical symbol and a molecular formula
Ans:
Chemical symbol Molecular formula
1. The chemical symbol of an element is an 1. A chemical formula that represents the total
abbreviation that represents one atom of the number and kind of atoms in a molecule is called
element. a molecular formula.
2. Examples: Carbon (C), Neon (Ne), etc. 2. Examples: Calcium oxide (CaO), Hydrogen
chloride (HCl), etc.
3. An element and a compound
Ans:
Element Compound
1. An element consists of only one kind of 1. A compound is formed by the chemical
particles. combination of two or more elements.
2. Every element has its unique set of 2. A compound has different properties
properties. compared to those of the constituent elements.
3. An element can not be split further into 3. A compound can be made to split into its
simpler substances by chemical methods. constituent elements using chemical methods.
4. Monoatomic molecule and polyatomic molecule
Ans:
Monoatomic molecule Polyatomic molecule
1. Molecules of some elements consist of only 1. A polyatomic molecule is made up of more than
one atom. They are called monoatomic 3 atoms of an element.
molecule.
2. Examples: Helium (He), Argon (Ar), etc. 2. Examples: Sulphur (S8), Phosphorus (P4), etc.
5. Metals and non-metals
Ans:
Metals Non-metals
1. Metals are the elements that are usually hard. 1. Non-metals are soft and brittle elements.
2. They are good conductors of heat and 2. They are poor conductors of heat and
electricity. electricity.
3. They have a shiny surface. 3. They do not have a shiny appearance.
F. Very Short Answer (VSA) questions.
1. Write three characteristic features of an element.
Ans: i) The three characteristic features of an element are:
ii) An element consists of only one kind of particles.
iii) An element cannot be split further into simpler substances by chemical methods.
iv) Every element has its unique set of properties.
2. Write the chemical symbols for the following elements.
Ans:
Element Chemical symbol
Beryllium Be
Carbon C
Neon Ne
Sodium Na
Magnesium Mg
Chlorine Cl
Potassium K
Iron Fe
Copper Cu
Mercury Hg
3. List some elements whose atoms can exist independently.
Ans: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, etc.
4. State three characteristic properties of a compound.
Ans: i) The three characteristic properties of a compound are:
A compound is formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements.
A compound can be made to split into its constituent elements using chemical methods.
A compound has different properties compared to those of the constituent elements.
5. Write the chemical names and formulae of the following substances.
Ans:
Compound Chemical Name Molecular Formula
Table Salt Sodium chloride NaCl
Vinegar Acetic acid CH3COOH
Sugar Sucrose C12H22O11
Quick lime Calcium oxide CaO
Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
Bleaching powder Calcium hypochlorite CaO(Cl)2
Marble Calcium carbonate CaCO3
G. Short Answer (SA) questions.
1. The properties of a compound differ from those of its constituent elements. Explain this
statement with the help of a suitable example.
Ans: Water is a compound made up of elements hydrogen and oxygen. Here hydrogen and
oxygen are gases but the compound is a liquid.
2. How is a compound represented? Explain with the help of an example.
Ans: A compound is represented using a formula, comprising symbols of elements. Example:
Water (H2O).
3. Draw a flowchart to classify the substances into pure and impure substances.
Ans:
H. Long Answer (LA) questions.
1. Explain the classification of elements based on their properties.
Ans: On the basis of their properties, elements can be classified into metals, non-metals,
metalloids and inert gas.
Metals:
i) Metals are the elements that are usually hard.
ii) They have a characteristic shiny surface.
ii) They are good conductors of heat and electricity. Example: gold, silver, iron, etc.
Non-metals:
i) Non-metals are soft and brittle elements.
ii) They may exist as solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature.
iii) They do not have shiny appearance.
iv) They are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Examples: carbon, sulphur, iodine, etc.
Metalloids:
i) They show properties of both metals and non-metals. Examples: silicon, arsenic,
antimony, etc.
Noble/inert gases:
i) These are chemically inactive elements, they do not normally react with other elements.
ii) They exist in gaseous state and are found in very little amounts in air. Examples: neon,
helium, argon, etc.
2. Explain the basis for forming suitable symbols to represent elements.
OR
3. Explain the rules followed to assign symbols to the elements.
Ans: Basis for forming symbols for elements are:
i) For most of the elements, the symbols are the first letter of the English names of the
elements. They are written in capital letters. Examples: Hydrogen (H), Boron (B), Carbon (C)
etc.
ii) The symbols for some elements are a combination of two letters of the names of the
elements. The combination could be the first two letters or the first and the third letter. The
first letter is written in capital and the other one is small letters. Examples: Helium (He),
Bromine (Br), Chlorine (Cl), etc.
iii) For some elements, the symbols have been derived from their Latin or Greek names.
Examples: Sodium (Natrium) Na, Iron (Ferrum) Fe, Gold (Aurum) Au, etc.
4. What all information does the molecular formula of a compound provide?
Ans: The molecular formula of a compound provides information about:
i) Different elements present in the compound.
ii) The number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of the compound.
iii) It also indicates the compounds name and helps to figure out the mass of one compound
molecule.
LEVEL 2: Applying and Analysing
A. Select the correct option.
1. Which of the following is not correct about the molecular formula? d) It represents an
element of the compound.
2. Which of the following does not exist independently in nature? a) Hydrogen
3. Which of the following is not true about atoms? b) Atoms are formed by the combination of
different elements in the fixed ratio.
4. Which of the following is not true about water? c) It is highly combustible
5.Assertion: Copper is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
Reason: It can be drawn into wires and beaten into sheets.
Which of the following statements satisfies the above statements of assertion and reason?
c) Assertion is true but the reason is false.
B) Match column A with column B.
Column A Column B
1. Non-metals c) Soft and brittle elements
2. Metals a) Hard and shiny elements
3. Noble gases e) Do not react with elements
4. Chemical symbols b) Elements
5. Molecular formulae d) Compounds
C. Give reasons for the following.
1. Water is regarded as a compound.
Ans: Water is regarded as a compound because:
i) It is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together in a specific ratio (2 hydrogen to
1 oxygen)
ii) Water has different properties from hydrogen and oxygen, which are its individual
elements.
2. Elements are tabulated in a table called the periodic table.
Ans: Elements are tabulated in a table called the periodic table because it groups elements
with similar properties into columns, making it easy to find and compare them.
3. Argon and neon are filled in electric bulbs.
Ans: Argon and neon are filled in electric bulbs because:
i) They don’t react with the filament, which helps the bulb last longer.
ii) Neon glows brightly when electricity passes through it, while argon helps to protect the
filament and extends its life.
D. Very Short Answer (VSA) questions.
1. Write the names of the first twenty element of the periodic table. Sort them into metals
non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases.
Ans:
Metals: Aluminium, Lithium, Beryllium, Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium
Non-metals: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Carbon, Fluorine
Metalloids: Boron, Silicon
Noble gases: Helium, Neon, Argon
2. Give one example each of the triatomic and polyatomic molecules.
Ans: Triatomic molecule: Ozone(O3)
Polyatomic molecule: Sulphur(S8)
3. List the elements present in sugar, table salt, and ammonia.
Ans: Sugar: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Table salt: sodium and chlorine
Ammonia: nitrogen and hydrogen
E. Complete the chart
F. Short Answer (SA) questions:
1. In a compound, elements always combine in a fixed proportion by mass. What will happen
if the proportion of the elements in the compound is altered? Give two examples supporting
your answer.
Ans: If the proportion of elements in the compound is altered, it will no longer be the same
compound; instead, a different substance with different properties will be formed.
For Example:
1) Water (H2O) has a specific ratio of hydrogen to oxygen (2:1). If the ratio changes and you
get more oxygen, you get hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) instead of water. Hydrogen peroxide is
more reactive and used differently.
2) Table salt (NaCl) has a fixed ratio of sodium to chlorine (1:1). If there is too much sodium
as compared to chlorine, it forms a different compound with different properties, which will
not be regular table salt.
2. The compound sodium chloride is made from its constituent elements sodium and chlorine.
State whether the properties of sodium chloride are the same or different from its constituent
elements. Justify your answer.
Ans: The properties of sodium chloride (table salt) are very different from those of its
constituent elements, sodium and chlorine. Sodium is a soft, reactive metal and chlorine is a
toxic gas. When they combine to form sodium chloride, they create a stable, non-reactive
solid that is safe to use as table salt.
G. Picture Quiz.
A. Observe the image given below and answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify the element shown in the picture.
Ans: Sulphur
2. Is the shown element a metal or a non-metal?
Ans: Non-metal
3. Write the atomicity of the element.
Ans: 8
4. List two characteristic properties of the element.
Ans: i) Sulphur is a yellow, non-metal element.
ii) It reacts easily with other elements to form compounds.
B. Shown below is a picture of a substance sweet in nature and used extensively in our
everyday lives.
1. Identify the shown substance.
Ans: Sugar cubes
2. Name its constituent elements.
Ans: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
3. Write its chemical name and formula.
Ans: Chemical name: Sucrose ; Molecular formula: C12H22O11
