1. Can you explain your responsibilities as a Civil QC Inspector?

Answer:
As a Civil QC Inspector, I’m responsible for ensuring the quality of civil works through inspection and
testing. This includes preparing and reviewing ITPs, verifying material compliance, raising MIRs and RFIs,
issuing NCRs and CARs, conducting site inspections for rebar, formwork, and concrete, supervising lab
tests like compaction and concrete cubes, and coordinating with stakeholders to ensure adherence to
project specifications.

---

2. What is an ITP and how do you implement it?

Answer:
An ITP (Inspection and Test Plan) is a document outlining the inspection points and testing stages during
construction. I prepare and implement ITPs by identifying critical activities, defining hold and witness
points, and ensuring that all inspections and tests are conducted as per standards before progressing to
the next stage.

---

3. How do you handle a Non-Conformance Report (NCR)?

Answer:
When a non-conformance is identified, I issue an NCR detailing the issue with evidence. I coordinate with
relevant teams to analyze the root cause and then raise a CAR (Corrective Action Report). I follow up until
corrective measures are implemented and the issue is resolved and closed.

---

4. What is the difference between MIR and RFI?

Answer:
MIR (Material Inspection Request) is submitted to verify and get approval for delivered materials before
installation.
RFI (Request for Inspection) is raised to request inspection of site work before, during, or after execution
as per ITP.

---

5. Describe a project where you handled structural and finishing inspections.

Answer:
At the TBC Schools Project in Dammam, I conducted inspections for both structural elements (rebar,
formwork, concrete) and finishing works (plastering, tiling, painting). I ensured all stages followed the
approved ITP and project specifications, raising RFIs and MIRs at each stage.

---
6. How do you verify material compliance?

Answer:
I review material submittals, datasheets, and supplier certificates to ensure they meet project specs. I
also perform on-site verification, check for proper storage, and match materials to approved samples or
standards.

---

7. What are the essential QA/QC documents you maintain?

Answer:
I maintain ITPs, Method Statements, MIRs, RFIs, Daily Inspection Reports, NCRs, CARs, Test Reports
(concrete, soil), Calibration Logs, and QA/QC checklists. I also assist with As-Built documentation.

---

8. What software are you proficient in?

Answer:
I’m proficient in MS Office, AutoCAD, SAP2000, ETABS, Primavera P6, Plan-Swift, and Power BI.

---

9. Describe your experience with foundation work.

Answer:
At Shura Island Project, I was involved in foundation work of villas—inspecting excavation, rebar
placement, formwork, concrete pouring, and ensuring compaction and testing were as per standard.

---

10. How do you ensure safety during QA/QC inspections?

Answer:
I follow the approved HSE guidelines, wear PPE, and ensure work areas are safe before inspections. I also
make sure that QA/QC documentation aligns with safety standards, especially during method statement
preparation.

---

11. What steps do you take before a concrete pour?

Answer:
I inspect formwork, rebar, embedment items, cleanliness, and shutter tightness. I ensure RFI is raised and
approved, temperature is suitable, slump test and cube samples are ready, and pour sequence is planned.

---

12. How do you manage and document test results?

Answer:
I supervise tests like slump, cube strength, and compaction, then record results in test reports. I maintain
these reports in QA/QC folders and reference them in Daily Reports or NCRs if needed.

---

13. How do you ensure subcontractor work meets quality standards?

Answer:
I review and approve their QA/QC documentation, conduct joint inspections, verify work against shop
drawings, and raise RFIs or NCRs if quality is not met.

---

14. Tell us about your role in final inspections and handover.

Answer:
I participate in final walkthroughs, prepare punch lists, ensure NCRs are closed, verify documentation
(MIRs, RFIs, test results), and assist in compiling the As-Built files for client handover.

---

15. How do you prioritize tasks during busy project phases?

Answer:
I plan daily inspections in line with the work schedule, focus on critical activities first, use checklists for
efficiency, delegate where possible, and communicate with site teams to avoid delays and rework.

16. What is the purpose of a Method Statement?

Answer:
A Method Statement details how specific construction activities will be carried out safely and in
compliance with quality standards. It includes procedures, materials, tools, risk assessments, and QA/QC
requirements. I use it to align work with project specifications and safety protocols.

---

17. How do you ensure compliance with project specifications?

Answer:
I cross-check site execution against approved shop drawings, technical specifications, and method
statements. Any deviations are reported through RFIs or NCRs. I also maintain continuous inspections
and documentation to ensure compliance.

---

18. What are the common reasons for raising NCRs?

Answer:
NCRs are typically raised due to:
Use of unapproved materials

Poor workmanship

Deviation from specifications or drawings

Improper curing or compaction

Missed inspection points

---

19. What are your steps for closing an NCR?

Answer:

1. Investigate and document the root cause

2. Propose and implement corrective actions

3. Verify rework or corrections

4. Attach evidence (photos, test results)

5. Submit closure request and follow up with QA/QC Manager

---

20. Describe your experience in documentation control.

Answer:
I maintain structured filing systems (both soft and hard copies) for ITPs, RFIs, MIRs, test reports, daily
reports, NCRs, and drawings. I ensure all documentation is updated, traceable, and ready for audit or
handover.

---

21. How do you prepare a daily QA/QC inspection report?

Answer:
I include:

Date and location

Activity inspected
Findings or issues

Photos

Raised MIRs/RFIs

Manpower and equipment status

Test conducted and results Then submit it to the QA/QC Engineer or Project Manager.

---

22. What is your experience with structural steel inspection?

Answer:
At Feedco Feed Mill Project, I inspected anchor bolts, base plates, steel column erection, bolt torque,
welding works, and surface preparation. I verified alignment and elevations as per shop drawings and
standards.

---

23. What types of site tests have you supervised?

Answer:

Concrete: Slump test, cube strength

Soil: Compaction, proctor, field density

Asphalt: Core cutting, density test

I ensure testing is conducted per ASTM/SASO standards and recorded properly.

---

24. How do you ensure subcontractors follow ITPs?

Answer:
I coordinate daily QA meetings, provide them with ITPs and method statements, and conduct joint
inspections. I also hold them accountable through RFIs and NCRs if they deviate from the plan.

---

25. What is the role of calibration logs in QA/QC?

Answer:
Calibration logs ensure that all instruments (e.g., cube molds, thermometers, compaction equipment) are
accurate and within certification limits. I maintain updated logs to ensure valid test results.
---

26. What’s the difference between QA and QC?

Answer:

Quality Assurance (QA): Preventive, focuses on processes, documentation, training, and procedures.

Quality Control (QC): Reactive, focuses on inspecting finished work to identify defects or non-
conformance.

---

27. Have you worked on fast-track or high-pressure projects?

Answer:
Yes. At the Shura Island Project, deadlines were tight. I managed multiple inspections daily, coordinated
closely with the execution team, and ensured quality didn’t suffer under pressure.

---

28. How do you use drawings for inspection?

Answer:
I cross-check site work with the latest IFC (Issued for Construction) drawings. I ensure dimensions, levels,
material specs, and reinforcement details are correctly implemented before raising RFIs or proceeding
with work.

---

29. What is your experience with finishing inspections?

Answer:
At TBC Schools Project, I inspected plaster, tile, paint, blockwork, and ceiling. I used QA/QC checklists,
approved samples, and mock-ups to ensure compliance with standards and aesthetics.

---

30. How do you prepare As-Built documentation?

Answer:
I collect red-marked drawings from site, update them in AutoCAD, and coordinate with site engineers to
verify actual executed dimensions and changes. I compile these along with QA documents for final
handover.

31. What are the key points in rebar inspection?

Answer:

Bar size, spacing, and placement as per drawings

Lapping length and location

Proper tying and supports

Cleanliness (free from rust/oil)

Cover blocks for concrete cover

Compliance with ITP and approved shop drawings

---

32. What is the role of a QA/QC Inspector in concrete pouring?

Answer:

Check RFI approval before pour

Verify rebar, formwork, and embedments

Ensure slump and temperature tests are done

Supervise concrete placement and compaction

Record pour details and sample cube IDs

Follow curing procedures and log results

---

33. How do you conduct a formwork inspection?

Answer:
I verify:

Dimensions and levels per drawing

Firm support and bracing

No gaps or leakage points

Oil application inside shutter

Proper cover blocks and spacers

I then approve for pour through an RFI.

---

34. What is your approach to managing multiple inspections in one day?

Answer:
I prioritize based on the construction schedule and critical path. I coordinate with the site and QA team,
set inspection slots, prepare in advance, and ensure documentation is ready for each RFI.

---

35. What is a Hold Point vs. Witness Point in QA/QC?

Answer:

Hold Point: Work must stop until inspection is approved

Witness Point: Inspector may witness but work can proceed if not present
Both are defined in the ITP and managed accordingly.

---

36. How do you prepare for a third-party or client inspection?

Answer:

Ensure all RFIs/MIRs are closed

Verify test reports, photos, and records are complete

Prepare QA folders

Check work area cleanliness and safety

Conduct internal pre-inspection to resolve minor issues

---

37. How do you manage QA/QC documentation during audits?

Answer:
I keep documents categorized (MIRs, RFIs, ITPs, Test Reports, NCRs, CARs), soft and hard copies
synchronized, traceable by serial number/date/project part, and easily retrievable during audits.

---

38. How do you ensure quality in subcontractor works?

Answer:

Conduct kickoff QA meeting

Provide approved ITPs and checklists

Monitor their works with joint inspections

Issue NCRs/CARs if deviations found

Approve only tested and inspected work

---

39. What are the reasons for concrete failure on-site?

Answer:

Poor mix design or batching errors

Inadequate compaction

High water-cement ratio

Improper curing

Delays during transport or placement

---

40. What are your actions after failed test results (e.g., low concrete cube strength)?

Answer:

Issue an NCR and notify QA/QC Manager

Investigate root cause (batching, compaction, etc.)

Conduct core testing or rebound hammer test

Decide on structural remedy (repair or demolish)

---

41. What do you inspect in compaction testing?

Answer:

Moisture content

Layer thickness

Number of passes

Test result matching the required % MDD

Use of correct equipment and testing method (e.g., sand cone, nuclear gauge)

---

42. What is a CAR (Corrective Action Report) and how is it different from NCR?

Answer:

NCR: Identifies a quality issue

CAR: Action plan to correct and prevent recurrence of that issue

CAR is often raised after NCR to close it with preventive measures.

---

43. How do you ensure waterproofing works are done correctly?

Answer:

Inspect surface preparation and cleaning

Verify primer and membrane application

Check overlaps, termination, and upturns

Conduct flood testing if applicable

Approve with checklist and RFI

---

44. What are your steps before backfilling?

Answer:

Ensure compaction testing is passed

Waterproofing is inspected and approved

Utilities are laid and protected

Site is clean and dry

Submit RFI for approval

---

45. How do you verify concrete mix design on-site?

Answer:
I check the mix design approval, batch plant delivery note (slump, temperature, time), and match it with
the site pour. I also ensure field tests are performed before acceptance.

---

46. What do you inspect during blockwork?

Answer:

Line, level, and plumb

Joint thickness

Mortar mix and bonding

Wall reinforcement

Openings and chases for MEP

Alignment with architectural drawings

---

47. What is your role in final handover documentation?

Answer:
I help compile:

Approved shop drawings and redlines

Final inspection reports

QA/QC logs (MIRs, RFIs, NCRs)

Test reports and calibration certificates

As-built documentation and photos

---

48. How do you coordinate with site engineers and supervisors?

Answer:
I hold daily coordination meetings, follow up on RFI and inspection schedules, share QA/QC observations,
and maintain clear communication for quality compliance.

---
49. What challenges do you face as a QC Inspector and how do you handle them?

Answer:
Challenges include:

Pressure from site team to bypass inspections

Delays in RFI approvals

Material discrepancies
I handle these by staying firm on standards, communicating with the QA/QC manager, and providing
technical justification.

---

50. Why should we hire you as a QC Inspector?

Answer:
I bring over 5 years of hands-on QC inspection experience across structural and finishing works. I'm
proactive in documentation, skilled in software and standards, fluent in English and Arabic, and ready for
immediate joining with a transferable Iqama.

51. What do you inspect in reinforcement for footings?

Answer:

Bar size, spacing, and shape as per structural drawings

Proper concrete cover using spacers

Lapping as per code

Clean, rust-free bars

Dowels placed and tied correctly for columns

---

52. How do you ensure site testing equipment is calibrated?

Answer:
I maintain a calibration logbook, verify valid calibration certificates, and reject any test results obtained
from expired or uncalibrated equipment.

---

53. What do you inspect before plastering?

Answer:

Wall curing status and surface preparation

Groove or key for bonding

Cleanliness (dust, loose mortar removed)

Approved mockup or sample reference

Application in layers as per specs

---

54. What is cube test failure and how do you proceed?

Answer:
If cube strength is below target:

Notify stakeholders immediately

Investigate batching, placing, and curing issues

Conduct non-destructive testing (NDT)

Raise NCR and suggest rectification based on structural review

---

55. What is the purpose of WIR (Work Inspection Request)?

Answer:
WIR is used to request an inspection for a completed segment of work to get formal approval before
continuing with the next activity.

---

56. What is the curing period for concrete as per standards?

Answer:
Typically, 7 days for normal concrete and 14 days for high-strength concrete, but site-specific standards
like ASTM C31 or ACI 308 may apply.

---

57. What is segregation in concrete and how do you prevent it?

Answer:
Segregation is the separation of aggregates from cement paste. It’s prevented by:

Proper mix design

Avoiding excessive vibration

Controlled height during pouring

Proper placing techniques

---

58. What is honeycombing and its QA implication?

Answer:
Honeycombing refers to voids in hardened concrete due to poor compaction. If observed, I report it
immediately, raise an NCR, and recommend surface repair or core test based on severity.

---

59. What actions do you take after identifying a safety violation during inspection?

Answer:
I stop work if it’s unsafe, notify the safety officer, document it, and report to QA/QC and HSE teams for
action and rectification.

---

60. What are the key QA/QC activities in roadworks?

Answer:

Subgrade compaction testing

Aggregate gradation and density tests

Asphalt temperature, thickness, and compaction tests

MIRs for material approval

Final road alignment and cross-section inspection

---

61. How do you ensure correct drawing revision is used on-site?

Answer:
I regularly check drawing logs, verify revision numbers, coordinate with document controllers, and ensure
latest drawings are on-site and marked “Issued for Construction (IFC).”

---

62. What are the causes of surface cracks in concrete?

Answer:

Rapid drying (lack of curing)

High water-cement ratio

Plastic shrinkage

Improper mix

Excessive heat in mass concrete

---

63. What is the QA/QC Inspector's role in HSE compliance?

Answer:
Though primarily a quality role, I ensure method statements include HSE measures, verify safe practices
during inspection, and coordinate with HSE officers for compliance.

---

64. How do you inspect slab reinforcement before pouring?

Answer:
I check:

Top and bottom mesh spacing

Overlaps and bar bends

Openings, sleeves, and electrical conduits

Bar supports and chairs

Cleanliness and concrete cover

---

65. What is Plan-Swift used for in QA/QC?

Answer:
Plan-Swift is used for digital quantity takeoff and estimation. In QA/QC, it helps in verifying quantities,
checking BOQ vs. actual work, and supporting NCRs for over/under execution.

---

66. What is the minimum concrete cover for beams and columns?

Answer:
As per standard codes:

Columns: 40 mm

Beams: 25 mm
These may vary by specification and exposure conditions.

---

67. What is your understanding of project specifications?

Answer:
Project specifications are the technical guidelines that define the quality, materials, methods, and
performance criteria. I refer to them regularly during inspection, material approval, and testing.

---

68. What are your steps before approving MIR?

Answer:

Verify material against approved submittals and samples

Inspect physical condition and storage

Check manufacturer’s datasheet and compliance

Confirm test certificates (if required)

---

69. What is the slump test and what are its limits?

Answer:
It measures concrete’s workability.

Normal range: 75–125 mm for pumped concrete

I ensure slump is per mix design and project specs before allowing pouring.

---

70. How do you ensure timely QA/QC inspections without delay to progress?

Answer:

Maintain proactive communication with site supervisors

Review daily work schedules

Conduct pre-inspections to save time

Prioritize critical path activities for inspection

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71. What is rework and how can it be minimized?

Answer:
Rework is redoing defective or non-conforming work, often due to lack of supervision or improper
execution. It can be minimized by:

Timely inspections

Clear drawings and training

Early issue identification

---

72. What is a mock-up and why is it important in finishing work?

Answer:
A mock-up is a sample section built for client/consultant approval. It serves as a quality benchmark for
actual work. I ensure all finishes follow the approved mock-up.

---

73. What is your experience in managing QA/QC teams?

Answer:
I have led small QA/QC teams by assigning inspection duties, reviewing reports, training junior inspectors,
and coordinating with construction managers to meet QA targets.

---

74. How do you coordinate inspections with consultants?

Answer:
I raise RFIs in advance, ensure the work is ready, maintain daily coordination through email and WhatsApp
groups, and accompany the consultant for physical inspection and sign-off.

---

75. How do you maintain QA/QC traceability?

Answer:
I assign serial numbers to MIRs/RFIs/NCRs, label sample/test reports accordingly, and organize
documentation by work area and date to ensure traceability.

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76. What are the important quality codes and standards you follow?

Answer:
I follow ASTM, ACI, BS, and Saudi Building Code (SBC) standards, along with client-specific guidelines like
ARAMCO, NEOM, or Royal Commission standards.

---

77. What does "Root Cause Analysis" mean in QA?

Answer:
It is the process of identifying the fundamental reason behind a defect or failure to prevent recurrence,
usually used while closing NCRs or CARs.

---

78. How do you prepare for project handover QA-wise?

Answer:
I ensure:

All NCRs/CARs are closed

RFIs/MIRs are complete

Final inspections done

As-Built and test reports compiled

Client punch-list cleared

---

79. What QA checks do you conduct for tiling works?

Answer:

Surface evenness and slope

Tile alignment and joint width

Adhesive thickness

Approved tile material and pattern

Grout application as per spec

---

80. How do you conduct QA in precast installation?

Answer:

Inspect lifting points, dimensions, and surface finish

Verify alignment and leveling during erection

Ensure grout placement and joint sealing

Check lifting and installation method against approved method statement

81. How do you prepare for a scheduled inspection with the client/consultant?

Answer:
I ensure the work is 100% complete, clean, and accessible. I cross-check against drawings and ITP,
prepare checklists, have test reports/MIRs ready, and inform the site team to be present during
inspection.

---

82. What do you do if the consultant rejects your inspection?

Answer:
I record the reason, inform my QA/QC Manager and construction team, correct the issue, and then raise a
re-inspection RFI. I document the rejection and corrective actions for records.

---

83. What are your steps when a structural RFI is due for slab concreting?

Answer:

Review and confirm rebar, formwork, sleeves, and embedded items

Ensure compaction tests for subbase (if applicable)

Prepare slump test tools and cube molds

Arrange QA/QC checklist

Raise RFI and walk with client for approval

---

84. How do you verify RFI closure in the field?

Answer:
After inspection, I obtain sign-off on RFI from the consultant, then stamp the RFI with “Accepted” or
“Approved.” I record the RFI number on the drawing and update QA/QC logbooks.

---

85. What is your responsibility during a client’s surprise site visit?

Answer:
I accompany the client, explain ongoing work, provide quality status, show inspection logs and RFI status,
and address any concerns professionally. I also note client remarks for follow-up.

---

86. How do you deal with a delay in inspection approval from the consultant?

Answer:
I follow up through official emails, WhatsApp groups, or verbal reminders, notify the QA/QC Manager, and
adjust the site schedule to avoid rework or idling. I escalate only when needed.

---

87. What QA/QC documents do you take to site during inspection?

Answer:

Approved ITP and Method Statement

Latest IFC drawings

QA/QC checklist

MIR/Test reports

Previous NCRs (if relevant)

Inspection tools (measuring tape, level)

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88. What do you check before conducting a client inspection for blockwork?

Answer:

Block alignment, plumb and level

Mortar quality and joint thickness

Verticality of walls

Lintels/cut-outs/sleeves
Scaffolding safety

Clean joint finish

---

89. How do you respond if the client finds a defect during inspection?

Answer:
I acknowledge it, don’t argue, take photos and notes, and report it in the site log. Then, I coordinate the
rectification and invite re-inspection after resolving the issue.

---

90. What is the role of joint inspection with consultant?

Answer:
To confirm compliance of completed work with design/specs and obtain approval. It reduces
misunderstandings, improves quality, and builds trust between contractor and client.

---

91. What would you inspect before waterproofing a roof slab?

Answer:

Clean and dry surface

Primer application

Slope check and proper drainage

Overlaps and membrane fixity

Upturns at wall edges

Flood test arrangement (if required)

---

92. What tools do you carry during rebar inspection?

Answer:

Measuring tape

Rebar gauge

Rebar cover meter (if available)

Drawing copies

Inspection checklist

Camera for documentation

---

93. How do you inspect a stair flight before concrete pouring?

Answer:

Rebar continuity and anchorage

Proper tread and riser dimensions

Clean formwork

Fixation of nosing and sleeves

Landing level confirmation

Shuttering tightness to avoid leakage

---

94. What do you check before plaster inspection with a consultant?

Answer:

Surface preparation and curing

Mesh over RCC/Block joints

Thickness of plaster layers

Leveling and smoothness

Finish as per approved sample

---

95. What actions do you take during cube test failure at third-party lab?

Answer:

Notify QA/QC Manager and Site Engineer

Conduct core test or rebound hammer as per consultant advice

Raise NCR

Suggest repair if results are within allowable limit

Document everything

---

96. What to check before backfilling inspection with client?

Answer:

Compaction test reports ready

Layer thickness confirmed

Approval of underground work

Clearances from other departments (e.g., MEP)

Visual inspection for dry and clean fill

---

97. How do you inspect concrete finishing with a consultant?

Answer:

Surface flatness, no honeycombs

No segregation or bleeding

Expansion/construction joint placement

Approved curing method applied

Trowel finish as per spec (smooth/broom/brushed)

---

98. What to check before handing over toilets or wet areas?

Answer:

Slope towards drain

Tile alignment and grout

Sealant application
Water test for leakage

Access panels installed

Sanitary fittings and accessories

---

99. How do you document rejected inspections?

Answer:

Log in RFI tracker with “Rejected” status

Write reason and attach inspection notes/photos

File rejection sheet or email

Use it for NCR if needed

Plan for re-inspection

---

100. How do you gain client confidence during regular inspections?

Answer:

Be prepared and on time

Have documents, test reports, and drawings ready

Explain work logically and confidently

Maintain site cleanliness and safety

Build trust through consistency and professionalism

🔹 Excavation – 10 Questions

1. What inspections are required before starting excavation?

Answer:
Check layout, approval of drawings, safety measures (shoring, barricades), and utility clearance.

---

2. What safety precautions must be in place before deep excavation?

Answer:
Slope or shoring as per soil condition

Edge protection/barriers

Safe access (ladders/ramps)

Signage and proper lighting

---

3. What is the allowable tolerance for excavation depth?

Answer:
Usually ±25 mm or as per project specifications.

---

4. What tests are required after excavation but before foundation works?

Answer:

Plate Load Test (if required)

Field Density Test (FDT)

Groundwater level verification

---

5. What to check before lean concrete (blinding) pour?

Answer:
Clean excavation surface, no loose material, proper depth, formwork if required, and compaction test.

---

6. How do you ensure correct excavation line and level?

Answer:
Use total station or dumpy level to verify with grid points and datums.

---

7. What is an over-excavation and how do you deal with it?

Answer:
Excavating below the required depth; backfill with lean concrete or compacted material after consultant
approval.
---

8. What to inspect in excavations for isolated footings?

Answer:
Correct size, depth, square corners, compaction, and clear from water or debris.

---

9. What is the impact of water in excavated areas?

Answer:
It reduces bearing capacity and compaction effectiveness — dewatering is required before further work.

---

10. How is excavation progress documented for QA/QC?

Answer:
Daily progress reports with photos, inspection requests, and field sketches if needed.

---

🔹 Backfilling – 10 Questions

11. What to inspect before backfilling begins?

Answer:
Approval of below-ground structures (e.g., waterproofing, MEP sleeves), FDT of subgrade, and consultant
clearance.

---

12. What are acceptable backfill materials?

Answer:
Selected excavated soil, imported sand, or engineered fill — free from debris, organic material, or large
rocks.

---

13. What test is used to verify backfilling compaction?

Answer:
Field Density Test (Sand Cone Method or Nuclear Gauge) to confirm % MDD.

---

14. What is the standard layer thickness for backfilling?

Answer:
150–300 mm compacted layers depending on equipment and specification.

---

15. What actions do you take if compaction test fails?

Answer:
Identify cause (moisture, layer thickness), scarify and re-compact, then retest.

---

16. What are common reasons for backfill settlement?

Answer:
Poor compaction, wet soil, organic content, or over-thickness of layers.

---

17. How do you inspect manual backfilling around foundations?

Answer:
Ensure compaction in small lifts using rammers or jumping jacks with hand-in-hand testing.

---

18. What is FDT passing criteria in backfilling?

Answer:
Usually 90–95% of MDD depending on area (landscape, road, or under slab).

---

19. How do you ensure protection of waterproofing during backfill?

Answer:
Use of protective boards or screed over membrane before backfilling, monitored during inspection.

---

20. How is backfill around pipes handled?

Answer:
Use fine sand around pipes, compact manually, ensure no displacement or damage, then proceed with
general fill.

---
🔹 Concreting – 10 Questions

21. What to check before concrete pouring begins?

Answer:
Approved RFI, rebar inspection, formwork stability, embedments, clean surface, slump test, and
temperature.

---

22. What is the slump test range for slab concrete?

Answer:
Typically 100–150 mm for pumped concrete.

---

23. How do you ensure quality during concrete pouring?

Answer:
Monitor continuous placement, compaction, slump conformity, weather conditions, and record cube
samples.

---

24. How many cubes are taken for a concrete pour?

Answer:
6 cubes per 100 m³ — 3 for 7 days, 3 for 28 days, unless otherwise specified.

---

25. What is cold joint and how to avoid it?

Answer:
Cold joints occur when there's delay in successive pours. Avoid by planning pour sequence and continuity.

---

26. What is the minimum curing period for concrete?

Answer:
7 days for normal concrete; 14 days for high-strength or as per project specs.

---

27. What is the purpose of curing compound?

Answer:
To prevent moisture loss on exposed concrete where water curing is not feasible.
---

28. What to inspect after concrete has been poured?

Answer:
Surface finish, curing initiation, cube storage, and any signs of honeycombing.

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29. What causes segregation in concrete?

Answer:
Over-vibration, improper mix, dropping from height, or high water content.

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30. What to do when concrete cube fails?

Answer:
Raise NCR, conduct core/rebound test, assess structural impact, and propose remedial action after
approval.