1)width of flange br-740mm with of we bw=240mm
Depth of flange df=100mm
Effective depth d = 400mm
Area of steel Ast =5×202. 1570.79mm²
fck=15 N/mm², fy=250 N/mm²
Assume Neutral axis is within flange cb= Tb
0.26-fckbfxu =0.87fyast
xu(0.87×250×1570.79/0.376×15×759 =85.49mm
xu<df
The Neutral axis with in the flange
for fe250 steel xumax0.53d=212mm
xu<xumax
the section is under reinforced section
moment of resistance
mr = 0.87fy Ast (d-0.42xu)
= 0187 x 250 x 1570.79 (400- (0.42×85.49)
124.39×106 N-m 124.29 kn/-m.
2) width of flange bf=1600mm
Width of web bw =300mm
Depth of flange df=100mm
Effect depth of=510mm
Area of steel Ast= 4*/4*25
=1962 49mm2
Fck= 15n/mm2 fy=815n/mm2
Assume natural axis is with in flange depth of netural axis
Xu=0,87fyast\0,36*1600*15
Xu=82,05mm ,Xu<df
The neutral axis is with in flange for fe415 steel xumax =0.48d
=0.48*510 xumax= 244.8mm
Xu<xumax
The section is under reinforced section moment of resistance
Mr=0.87fy ast (-0.42xu)
=0.87*415*1962.49(510-(0,42*82.05))
=337.118*10^6n-mm ,Mr=337.118kn-m.
3) given l=8m
Df=150mm,ll=4kn\m2 ,fck=20n\mm2 ,fy=415n\mm2
l-beam one mono lithic spacing beams =3mm, width=300mm
(!)c\s dimension :- since L,beam is subjected to bending to bending torsion and shear force
Assume atrial section having (l/d) ratio of 12
l/d=12 d=8000\12, 8000/d=12
D=666.67mm ~700mm
A dapt d= 700mm,d^=50mm
D=d+d^=750mm, bw=300mm
(!!)effective span:-
(1)c/c of supports = 8+0.3/2+0.3/2=8.3mm
(2)L+d=8+0.7=8.7m ,From that the ast value, adapt
(!!!) calculation of loads :- dead load of slabs (dl)=b*d*s
=3*1/2*0.15*25 , 5.625kn/m, Dead load of rib (bl) =b*d*s,0.3*0.6*25 , =4.5kn/m
(!v)floor finish =0.6kn/m2 , =0.6*3*1/2=0.9kn/m
Live load (ll)=4kn/m2 *1/2*3 , =4*1.5=6kn/m
4)given data span (l)=5m
Dimension =200*400mm service load (s.L)=8kn/m=l.l b=200mm
Service load (s.L)=8kn/m=L.L D=400mm
Fck=20n/mm2 fy=415 n/mm2
(!) effective depth ;- assume clear cover =30mm , assume ,&=20mm
d=D-d`=$/2 , =400-30-10 , 400-40 , d=360mm
(!!)load calculation;- s,w of the beam =b*d*s ,0.200*0.4*25
s.w of the beam =2kn/m , L.L =8kn/m
total load (w)=10kn/m , wa = 10*1.5=15kn/m
(!!!!)moment and i.f
Mu = wulLe/8=15*5.3`2/8=52.66kn-m, vu=wule\2 =15*5.3\2 =39.5kn.
(!!!)effective span
(1)le=Ltck of supports (assume 300mmc/c of span), 5+0.3=5.3m.
(2)le=L+d=5+0.36=5.36m, adopt le =5.3m
(v)area of steel calculation (ultimate moment)
Mulim =0. 138*fckbd2 , 0.138*200*360`2, mulim= 71.53kn-m
Comparing mu and mulim 52.66 <71.53 mu<mulim, It is a singly reinforced section beam .
(v!) area of steel :-
Mu=0.87fyast d [1-ast fy /fck bd], 52.66*10~6=0.87*415*ast+360[1-ast*415/20*200*360]
Ast=468.36mm`2 provide 3#16mm$
(ast =3*!!/4(16)2=603.18mm2 provide 2 hanger bar of 10mm$
(v!!) shear reinforcement :- nominal shear;-Tv=uv/bd = 39.5*10`3/200*360 = 0.55n/mm2
Percentage of steel (df) =100ast/bd 100*603.18/200*360=0.83
Permissible shear stress = Tc=0.579n/mm2 comparing Tv&Tc Tc>Tv
(No shear is required shear is not required ) but provide nominal shear reinforcement usin source
2L-stirrups of a spacing of sv=asv0.87fy/0.4b. asv =2*!!/4(8)2=100.53mm2
=100.53*0.87*415/0.4*200 sv =453.70mm but sv>0.75d su>0.75*360 su>270
The spacin of the stirrups 270mm adopt a spacing of stirrups of 270mmc/c
(v!!!)check for deflectin control ;-
(l/d)max [(l/d)basic*kt*kc`*kf``] = [(20)*1.1*1*1] (l/d) max=22
Comparing (l/d)ast &(l/d)max, 14.72 <22, (l/d) act < (l/d)max
Hence the deflection control is satisfied
(V!!!!) development length ;- Ld = 0.8fl$/4+bd, 0.87*415*6/4*1.2*1.6, Ld=752.19mm
At supports , 1.3 mlu/vu +lo>ld ast1 =!!/4 (16)2=201.06mm2 xu/d=0.87fyast1/0.36fckbd
Xu=0.87*415*201.06/0.36*20*2oo, xu=50.41mm xumax/d =o.48 , xumacx=-0.48*360
Xumax=172.8mm comparing xu & xumax xumax>xu xu<xumax it is v.r.s
M/u=0.87fyast1 (d-0.42xu), =0.87*415*201.06(360-(0.42*50.41)) m/u=24.6kn-m
Taking the bars straight into the supports , Lo=Ls/2-x~ assume x~=30, =300/2-30 Lo=120mm
Ld=470=47*16=752mm,
1.3*24.6*10~6/39.75*10~3+120>752 1.3 24.6*10~3/39.75+120>752 924>752
(x)torsional strength ;- asv =[tusv /b1d1(0.87fy)+vusv/2.5d1(0.87fy)]
2*!!/4(8)2=Tu*270/(150*310(0.87*415)+39.75*270/2.5*310(0.87*415] Tu=3.87Kn-m
