ACTIVITY SHEETS 2ND Quarter

ORAL COMMUNICATION S.Y. 2025-2026

Week: 1

I. Title: Types of Speeches

III. Instruction
This activity sheet various communicative strategies in different situations and shift in speech context,
speech style, speech act and communicative strategy. Read and understand carefully the topic below.

IV. Activities
Activity 1. Direction: Read and compare the 2 statements about communication and share
the concept builds unto you after reading.

Thoughts:
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Types of Communicative Strategy
Strategies must be used to start and maintain a conversation (Cohen, 1990).
The strategy may vary according to the need, situation, or speaker. Below are some
strategies that a people use in communication:
1. Nomination
This is a speaker’s strategy in establishing a collaborative conversation by opening a
subject. Commonly, to employ this strategy without prior conversation, the speaker
frequently asks
questions, tell some current news or announcements that would require his/her listener
to respond and have a good start for conversation.
2. Restriction
Restriction in communication refers to any limitation you have as a speaker (Sipacio and Balgos,
2016). This strategy limits the speaker’s content of what to say – mostly only those that are
relevant
to the topic presented. If a teacher gives a topic to collaborate, everyone in the group are
expected to bring out ideas that would only be concerned with the given topic. Speakers are
restricted to sideswipe to avoid communication breakdown.
3. Turn-taking
To make communication be organized and all ideas are well-facilitated, people in the
circle must be given equal opportunities to present their ideas during the conversation.
4. Topic Control
Topic control is a communicative strategy used to control and prevent unnecessary
interruptions and topic shifts in an certain conversation. Topic control is considered a
procedural formality or informality that affects the development of certain
topics in particular discussion or conversation. Moreover, topic control works along the
concept of turn-taking, where everyone can express related ideas to the ongoing topic without
the need to interrupt others.
5. Topic Shifting
Topic shifting is a diversionary tactic in which one person in a discussion (the shifter)
manages to subtly change the discussion's topic to another, related but different topic,
without explicitly announcing the change of subject or reaching any kind of mutual
agreement that such a change is appropriate.
6. Repair
Repair refers to how speakers address problems in speaking, listening, and comprehending that
they may encounter in a conversation. Repair is self-righting mechanism in any social
interaction. Once a problem in communication is not repaired right away, surely, it would lead
into misunderstanding or confusion.
7. Termination
Termination refers to the conversation participants' close initiating expressions that end a topic
in a conversation. Most of the time, the topic initiator takes responsibility to signal the end of the
discussion as well.
Activity 2. Direction: This lesson must be applied in real-life. With that, provide at least 1
situation wherein you can apply the communicative strategies you just had learned.
Make sure to also provide its importance and benefit into the communication process.
1. Nomination
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2. Restriction
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3. Turn-taking
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4. Topic Control
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5. Topic Shifting
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6. Repair
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7. Termination
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Activity 3. Direction: To check whether the strategies are well-understood, here is a short
activity.
Identify what strategy is used in each of the following statements.
_________1 Class report on a certain topic, and you are the presenter.
_________2 "What did you like about today's activity?"
_________3 "We need to work together for this project. William, you are good in making good
visuals, yes? Are you interested to do it for us?
_________4 "Speaking of summer, do you even feel how hot it is outside?"
_________5 "Please hear me out, I need to tell you something"
_________6 "That's it for today's topic, I'll see you next week."
_________7 "We should take this moment as learning opportunity. Let's take a note regarding this
matter."
_________8 "I'm sorry, could you repeat your question please? I didn't hear it quite clearly.
Thanks"
_________9 Group presentation with topic presentation divided among members.
_________10 "How were you able to bring the cat out?