Caraga State University Stat 1 Research Paper

March 2016

The Efficiency of Organic food mixed with Ramie

(Boehmeria nivea) on the growth of
Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Name Name Name

BSES-II BSES-II BSES-II
Caraga State University Caraga State University Caraga State University

Abstract

This paper observed the efficiency of Organic food mixed with Ramie
(Boehmeria nivea) on the growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
This study is an experiment in nature involving 40 fishes were
separated in two tanks and placed respectively. Results show that
organic food mixed with Ramie can be used as an alternative
feeding material on the growth of the Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Keywords: Organic food mixed with Ramie, Tilapia

1.0 Introduction

Aquatic production and fishing industry serves as a source of income for many families
in the Philippines. In maintaining a good production, fish feed and other vitamins are used by
the raisers. These can enhance the growth performance of the fishers. However, the high cost is
often the reason why many fishing pond industry may not succeed.

Tilapia is a good fish for warm water aquaculture. They are easily spawned, used a wide
variety of natural foods as well as artificial feeds, tolerate poor water quality, and grow rapidly
at warm temperatures. These attributes along with relatively low input cost, have made Tilapia
most widely cultured freshwater fish in tropical and subtropical countries (Thomas Popma
et.al,1999).

The main nutrients, a fish may require is protein. However, 49% of any ingredients-
sources of protein are needed. A carbohydrate also is 47% as well. Protein requirements for
maximum growth are a function of protein quality and fish size and have been reported as high
as 50% of the diet for small fingerlings (Anon,1980).

The researchers are eager to study the efficiency of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) in other
ways. Since ramie is also abundant here in the Philippines, which made people used this as a
source of food to their pigs.

The researchers obtain the following to determine if Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is an

effective source of protein applied on Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and also to know if there is

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a significant difference between the two treatments namely: Organic Food mixed with Ramie
(Boehmeria nivea) and commercial fish feeds on the growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

2.0 Conceptual Framework

In this paper, the researchers wanted to study the capacity of Organic Food mixed with
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) on the growth development of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as the
main source of protein. The researchers prefer to use Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) because it
is abundant and available in Aquaculture Fish Hatchery at Northern Mindanao School of
Fisheries Matabao, Buenavista Agusan del Norte from January to February 2016.

3.0 Research Design and Methods

There will be 20 fishes of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in every tank and will be feed
twice a day from 7(am) in the morning and 5(pm) in the afternoon. Set-up 1, organic food mixed
with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is used as fish feeds to Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and
commercial feeds for set-up 2. After 15 days, the tanks will be wash at the same time changing
of waters in order to maintain the cleanliness of the tanks for the fishes to be comfortable and
also they will not contaminated with their own waste.

The researchers then will measure the initial weight, width and length of the fishes.
Thirty days after feeding the two set-ups of fishes, the final weight, width and length will be
measured and the total mean gain weight, width and length will be computed.
As to comparison of variables, T-test is the statistical tool used to compute the mean gain
length, weight and width because there were two treatments applied on every trial.

4.0 Results and Discussions

This section tackles about the results and findings of the study. This includes the
efficiency of organic food mixed Ramie and the commercial feeds feed to Tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus).

Table.1 Independent Sample T-test

Parameters Mean p-value
Organic food mixed with Commercial
Ramie feeds
Weight 24.42 36.21 0.534
Length 25.95 33.66 0.584
Width 8.80 13.42 0.239

Table 2 shows the result of independent sample T-test on the efficiency of Organic food
mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) on the growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in terms of
two treatments namely: Organic food mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) and Commercial
feeds. The independent variable is the organic food mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) and
the control variable is the commercial feeds. The dependent variable is the growth of Tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus) that will be feed with the two treatments.

The Independent Sample T-test predicts that the commercial feeds have the highest
total mean compared to Organic food mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea).

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 We come up to a result of two sets of treatments, were the significant value for the
weight is 0.534, for the length is 0.584 and for the width is 0.239. It can be gleaned in the table
that the significant values of the parameters on two treatments are greater than 0.05.
Thus, there has no significant difference between the two treatments applied on the
growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). These indicates that the Organic food mixed with
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is also a good substitute as for the feeding material of the Tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus).

5.0 Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, there are a lot of factors that we must consider. The
factors in the machinery in making fish feeds like of the Organic food mixed with Ramie
(Boehmeria nivea) and as well as to its ingredients compared to the commercial feed. And also
the factor of abrupt change of the feeding material we are applying and most especially the
increasing or decreasing of the temperature.

The researchers can also say that the Organic food mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea)
can still be used as feeding material on the Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) because this can also
help buyers to get lesser amount of money to spend compared to the commercial feeds. And
also this feeding material is environmentally concern because of the presence of Ramie
(Boehmeria nivea) that is very abundant here in the Philippines.

6.0 References Cited

[1.] Anon. 1980. The biology and culture of tilapias. Proceedings of the International
Conference on the Biology and Culture of Tilapias, September 2-5, 1980, Bellagio, Italy.

[2.] Fishelson, L. and Z. Yaron (ed.) 1983. International symposium in tilapia in Aquaculture.
Proceedings. Nazareth, Israel, May 8-13. 624 p.

[3.] Tonguthai, and J.L. MacLean (ed.). 1988. The Second International Symposium on Tilapia
in Aquaculture.ICLARM Conference Proceedings 15. 623 pp. Department of Fisheries,
Bangkok, Thailand, and International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management,
Manila, Phillipines. (ISBN 971-1022-58-3).

[4.] Rezeau, M. 1994. Tilapia culture: January 1988 - November 1993. Quick Bibliography
Series QB 94-07. National Agricultural Library. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD,
USA. 9 p.
[5.] Popma, T. and Masser, M. 1999. Tilapia Biology History. United States Department Of
Agriculture, Cooperative States Research, Education and Extension Service.

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7.0 Appendices

Table 2.Simple Random Sampling Technique

No. Of Tilapia Initial Weight (g) Initial Length (cm) Initial Width (cm)
1 31.1 130 40
2 29.9 128 38
3 58.5 150 45
4 50.1 145 48
5 27.6 115 42
6 29.8 120 32
7 44.5 135 45
8 31.9 130 35
9 22.9 108 34
10 28.5 115 28
Total 354.8 * 2= 709.6 1276*2= 2552 387*2=774
AVW 35.48
AVL 127.6
AVWD 38.7
Feed Rate: 6%
Biomass= AVW* Total # of Fishes
Daily Feed Ration = AVW*BIOMASS*FEED RATE
So, DFR= 35.48*10*6%*2= 42.48 g/day

Table 3. Distribution of Growth Gain Weights of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

No. Of Tilapia Growth Gain Weight (g) Growth Gain Weight (g)
of Organic food mixed with Ramie of Commercial feeds

1 40.02 43.62

2 9.72 56.22

3 62.32 57.52

4 32.82 65.22

5 35.52 63.02

6 34.02 40.42

7 30.12 54.52

8 14.52 42.72

9 32.92 47.72

10 3.52 17.62

11 35.62 35.62

12 29.12 45.72

13 17.32 41.72

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 14 3.92 2.52

15 8.22 15.92

16 8.12 41.82

17 5.02 23.22

18 16.72 29.12

19 57.52 0

20 11.32 0

Table4. Distribution of Growth Gain Lengths of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

No. Of Tilapia Growth Gain length (cm) Growth Gain length (cm)
of Organic food mixed with Ramie of Commercial feeds

1 27.4 27.4

2 7.4 47.4

3 57.4 57.4

4 42.4 57.4

5 37.4 47.4

6 32.4 47.4

7 32.4 47.4

8 15.4 42.4

9 32.4 47.4

10 7.4 22.4

11 32.4 32.4

12 27.4 37.4

13 20.4 37.4

14 17.4 2.4

15 12.4 22.4

16 7.4 37.4

17 12.4 32.4

18 22.4 27.4

19 57.4 0

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 20 17.4 0

Table 5. Distribution of Growth Gain Widths of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

No. Of Tilapia Growth Gain width (cm) Growth Gain width (cm)
of Organic food mixed with Ramie of Commercial feeds

1 11.3 21.3

2 6.3 16.3

3 21.3 16.3

4 15.3 21.3

5 11.3 21.3

6 11.3 16.3

7 6.3 16.3

8 6.3 21.3

9 13.3 16.3

10 1.3 11.3

11 11.3 11.3

12 6.3 16.3

13 6.3 21.3

14 0.3 1.3

15 6.3 6.3

16 6.3 11.3

17 1.3 11.3

18 11.3 11.3

19 16.3 0

20 6.3 0

Table 6.The ingredients mixed with Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) with their corresponding expenses:

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Ingredients Amount Amount Payed Amount mixed The price of the Expenses per kg
Buyed (g) in making ingredients
Organic feeds

Rice bran 500g 7.50 250g 3.75

Flour 500g 14.00 250g 7.00

33.99
Fish meal 1000g 28.00 180g 5.04

Cassava starch 500g 15.50 200g 6.2

Vitamin premix 200g 50 50g 10

Oil 50g 5 20g 2

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