Test 1

UDE

Full Marks 50 Time 120 mins

May 10, 2025

SECTION A (1 mark each)

1. If U is energy, t is time and U0 is constant energy, then find the di-
mensions of α
3
U = U0 e−αt + βt

(a) [M0 L0 T−3 ] (b) [M0 L0 T−2 ] (c) [M0 LT3 ] (d) [M0 LT2 ]
2. The pair of the quantities having same dimensions is
(a) Displacement, Velocity (b) Time, Frequency
(c) Wavelength, Focal length (d) Force, Acceleration
3. Least count of a stopwatch is 1/5 s. Time of 20 oscillations of a pen-
dulum is measured to be 25 seconds. Maximum percentage error in
measurement of time will be
(a) 0.8% (b) 1.8% (c) 2.8% (d) 8%
4. Forces of 6 and 8 kgf can be applied together to produce effect of a
single force of
(a) 20 kgf (b) 15 kgf (c) 11 kgf (d) 1 kgf
5. What is the dimension of pressure gradient ?
(a) ML−1 T−1 (b) ML−2 T−2 (c) ML−1 T−2 (d) ML−2 T−1
6. The dimensions of potential energy of an object in mass, length and
time are
(a) 2, 2, 1 (b) 1, 2, −2 (c) −2, 1, 2 (d) 1, −1, 2

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 7. A Vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main scale. It has 20 equal
divisions on the Vernier scale which match with 16 main scale divisions.
For this Vernier calipers, the least count is
(a) 0.02 mm (b) 0.05 mm (c) 0.1 mm (d) 0.2 mm
8. The volume of a sphere is 1.76 cm3 . The volume of 25 such spheres
taking into account the significant figures is
(a) 0.44 × 102 cm3 (b) 44.0 cm3
(c) 44 cm3 (d) 44.00 cm3
9. Which of the following is a dimensionless quantity?
(a) velocity (b) Planck’s constant
(c) Refractive index (d) Gravitational constant
10. A student measures the time period of 20 oscillations as 15.6 s using
a stopwatch of least count 0.1 s. The % error is
(a) 0.64% (b) 1.28% (c) 6.4% (d) 12.8%

SECTION B (2 mark each)

11. Name a physical quantity whose CGS and SI units are same.
12. By the use of dimensions, show that, energy per unit volume is equal
to the pressure.
13. Error in measurement of the radius of a sphere is 0.5%. What is the
permissible percentage error in the measurement of its surface area ?
14. If force (F ), velocity (V ) and time (T ) are taken as fundamental units,
then find the dimensions of mass.
15. If A = 28.75 and B = 9.6, Find the value of AB.
16. The unit of length is 1 cm, unit of mass is 100 g and unit of time is
0.01 s. In this system of measurement, how many newton will be the
unit of force contain?
17. Young’s modulus of steel is 1.9 × 1011 N m−2 . Express it in CGS unit.
18. An object is lying in a fluid stream. The force acting on it depends
on the density of fluid, the velocity of flow and the maximum area of
cross-section perpendicular to the direction of flow. If F ∝ v n , find n.

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 SECTION C (3 mark each)

19. The velocity (v) of a particle depends on time (t) according to the
relation: v = At2 + Bt + C where v is in m/s and t is in s. Write the
units and dimensions of constants A, B and C.
20. Error in measuring potential energy of a particle is twice of the error
measuring its kinetic energy. If error in measuring total energy is 12%,
and error in measuring mass is 1%, find error in measuring velocity of
the particle.
21. A physical quantity P is related to four observables a, b, c and d as
follows:
a3 b2
P = √
cd
Percentage errors of measurement in a, b, c and d are 1%, 3%, 4% and
2%, respectively. Find the percentage error in the quantity P ?
22. A gas bubble formed from an explosion under water oscillates with
a period T proportional to pa db E c , where p is the pressure, d is the
density of water and E is the total energy of explosion. Find the values
of a, b and c.



23. (a) P + a/V 2 V − b = RT represents the equation of state of some
gases. Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, T is the temperature
and a, b, R are the constants. Find the physical quantity, which has
dimensional formula as that of b2 /a.
(b) What is the dimension of universal gas constant R in the equation?
24. The smallest division of the main scale of a Vernier calipers is 1 mm
and 10 Vernier divisions coincide with 9 main scale divisions. While
measuring the length of a line, the zero mark Vernier scale lies between
10.2 cm and 10.3 cm and the third division of Vernier scale coincides
with the main scale division.
(a) Determine the least count of the caliper.
(b) Find the length of the line.
25. The speed of light (c), gravitational constant (G) and Planck’s constant
(h) are taken as the fundamental units in a system. Find dimensions
of time in this new system.

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26. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is
s
l
T = 2π
g

L is about 10 cm and is known to 1 mm accuracy. The period of

oscillations is about 0.5 second. The time of 100 oscillations is mea-
sured with a wrist watch of 1 s resolution. What is the accuracy in
the determination of g?

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 Test 1
UDE

Full Marks 50 Time 120 mins

May 10, 2025

SECTION A (1 mark each)

1. Which of the following does not have dimensions of force ?
(a) Weight (b) Rate of change of momentum
(c) Work per unit length (d) Work done per unit charge
2. The force acting on a particle at time t is given by the equation
V0
F = sin (βt2 )
β
where V0 and β are constants. The dimensions of V0 is
(a) [MLT2 ] (b) [MLT−2 ] (c) [MLT−4 ] (d) [MLT−3 ]
3. For a freely falling body, a person makes an error of 2% in the value of
acceleration due to gravity and an error of 4% in the value of height.
The percentage error in the measurement of time of fall is
(a) 0% (b) 1% (c) 6% (d) 3%
4. In a vernier calipers, one main scale division is x cm and n divisions
of the vernier scale coincide with (n − 1) divisions of main scale. The
least count (in cm) of the calipers is
(a) n − 1
(b) (n nx (c) nx x


n x − 1) (d) (n − 1)

5. Which of the following quantities has smallest number of significant

digits?
(a) 0.00145 m (b) 14.50 cm
(c) 145.00 cm (d) 145.0 × 10−6 cm

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 6. Of the following quantities, which one has dimensions different from
the other three?
(a) Energy per unit volume
(b) Force per unit area
(c) Product of voltage and charge per unit volume
(d) Angular momentum per unit mass
7. If force, acceleration and time are taken as fundamental quantities,
then the dimensions of length will be
(a) F T 2 (b) F −1 A2 T −1 (c) F A2 T (d) AT 2
8. Which is the most precise instrument?
(a) A meter scale
(b) A Vernier Caliper
(c) A micrometer screw gauge with 0.001 cm least count.
(d) A micrometer screw gauge with 0.0005 cm least count.
9. Two quantities A and B have different dimensions. Which mathemat-
ical operation given below is physically meaningful?
(a) A/B (b) A + B (c) A − B (d) A + 2B
10. Density of a liquid in CGS system is 0.625 gcm−3 . What is its magni-
tude in SI system?
(a) 0.625 gcm−3 (b) 0.0625 gcm−3
(c) 0.00625 gcm−3 (d) 625 gcm−3

SECTION B (2 mark each)

11. What physical quantity has the dimension same as the product of the
dimensions of pressure and volume?
12. Name one physical quantities each having
(a) only unit, no dimension
(b) no unit and dimension
13. If there is a positive error of 50% in the measurement of velocity of a
body, then find the error in the measurement of kinetic energy.

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14. Error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 2%. Find error in
the measurement in its volume.
15. If the energy (E), velocity (v) and force (F ) be taken as fundamental
quantities then find dimension of mass.
16. In a simple pendulum experiment, the maximum percentage error in
the measurement of length is 2% and that in the observation of the
time period is 3%. Then find the maximum percentage error in deter-
mination of the acceleration due to gravity (g).
17. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum in the experiment is
recorded as 2.63 s, 2.56 s, 2.42 s, 2.71 s and 2.80 s respectively. Find
average absolute error.
18. Find the dimensions of b/a in the relation P = (x2 − b)/at, where P
is power, x is distance and t time.

SECTION C (3 mark each)

19. When a wave traverses a medium, the displacement of a particle lo-

cated at x at time t is given by


y = a sin bt − cx

(a) Which physical quantity has dimension same as b?

(b) Which physical quantity has dimension same as b/c?
(c) Which physical quantity has dimension same as a?
20. The velocity of water waves v may depend upon their wave length λ,
the density of water ρ and the acceleration due to gravity g. Find the
expression for velocity of water waves using the method of dimensions.
21. In an experiment, four quantities a, b, c and d are measured with
percentage error 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. Find error in P if
a3 b 2
P =
cd

22. Validate the relation s = ut + 12 at2 , where u is the initial velocity,

a is the acceleration, t is the time and s is the displacement.

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23. A body of mass m hung at one end of the spring executes a simple
harmonic motion. The force constant of a spring is k while its period
of vibration is T . Prove by dimensional method that the equation
T = 2πm/k is incorrect. Derive the correct equation, assuming that
they are related by a lower power.
24. The pitch of a screw gauge is 1 mm and there are 100 divisions on
the circular scale. In measuring the diameter of a sphere, 6 divisions
on the linear scale and 40 divisions on circular scale coincide with the
reference line. Find the diameter of the sphere.
25. The frequency (f ) of a stretched string of linear mass density (m),
length (l) depends (in addition to quantities specified before) on the
force of stretching (F ). Prove that
r
k F
f =
l m
where k is a dimensionless constant.
26. If momentum (p), area (A) and time (t) are taken to be fundamental
quantities, find dimensions of energy.

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 Test 1
UDE

Full Marks 50 Time 120 mins

May 10, 2025

SECTION A (1 mark each)

1. The percenrage error in the measurement of voltage V is 3% and in
the measurement of the current is 2%. The percentage error in the
measurement of the resistance is
(a) 3% (b) 2% (c) 1% (d) 5%
2. The dimension of heat energy is
(a) [MLT−2 ] (b) [ML−1 T−2 ] (c) [ML2 T−2 ] (d) [M−2 L2 T−2 ]
3. If in a vernier calipers, 10 VSD coincides with 8 MSD, then the least
count of vernier calipers is (1 MSD = 1 mm)
(a) 1×10−4 m (b) 2×10−4 m (c) 1×10−3 m (d) 8×10−4 m
4. If y represents pressure and x represents velocity gradient, then the
dimensions of d2 y/dx2 are
(a) [ML−1 T−2 ] (b) [M2 L−2 T−2 ] (c) [ML−1 T0 ] (d) [M2 L−2 T−4 ]
5. The circular scale of a screw gauge has 50 divisions and pitch of 0.5
mm. Find the diameter of sphere if circular scale reading is 20 and
main scale reading is 2 mm.
(a) 1.2 mm (b) 1.25 mm (c) 2.20 mm (d) 2.25 mm
6. A quantity y is related to another quantity x by the equation y = kxa
where k and a are constants. If percentage error in the measurement
of x is p, then that in y depends upon
(a) k and a (b) x and a (c) p and a (d) p, k and a all

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 7. Which measurement is most precise?
(a) 6.23 cm (b) 6.2354 cm (c) 6.2 cm (d) 6.235 cm
√ C
8. The speed of a particle depends on the time t as V = AB +Bt+ D+t .
Then
(a) A represents distance
(b) B represents acceleration
(c) C represents distance
(d) All of the above
9. [MLT−1 ] are dimensions of
(a) Momentum (b) Surface tension
(c) Force per unit time (d) Energy
10. In an experiment, refractive index of glass was observed to be 1.45,
1.56, 1.54, 1.44, 1.54 and 1.53. Find mean absolute error.
(a) 0.04 (b) 0.02 (c) 0.03 (d) 0.01

SECTION B (2 mark each)

11. A force is given by F = at + bt2 , (t is time). Find dimension of b.

12. The distance x moved by a particle in time t is given by
x = a 1 − e−bt

Which physical quantity has dimension same as the dimension of ab?

13. Give one example each of dimensional constant and dimensionless con-
stant.
14. The value of G in cgs system is 6.67×10−8 dyne cm2 g−2 . Calculate
value in SI unit.
15. Assuming force (F ), length (L) and time (T ) as fundamental units,
what should be the dimensions of density?
16. The length of a cylinder is measured with a meter rod having least
count 0.1 cm. Its diameter is measured with Vernier calipers having
least count 0.01 cm. Given that length is 5.0 cm and radius is 2.0 cm,
find percentage error in the calculated value of the volume.

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17. The error in the measurement of the radius of a sphere is 0.5%. What is
the permissible percentage error in the measurement of its (a) surface
area and (b) volume?
18. If y = a−b, maximum percentage errors in a and b are 2% and 3% with
measured values a = 5 m and b = 3 m. Find maximum percentage
error in y.

SECTION C (3 mark each)

19. A physical quantity Q is calculated according to the expression

A3 B 2
Q = √
C D
If percentage errors in A, B, C, D are 2%, 1%, 3% and 4%, respectively,
what is the percentage error in Q ?
20. Centripetal force varies with mass of an object, velocity of the object,
and radius of the circular path of its rotation. Construct the equation
using dimensional analysis.
21. While measuring acceleration due to gravity by a simple pendulum, a
student makes a positive error of 2% in length of the pendulum and
a positive error of 1% in the value of time period. Find the actual
percentage error in the measurement of the value of g (acceleration
due to gravity).
22. The number of particles crossing a unit area perpendicular to x-axis
in unit time is given by
n2 − n1
n = −D
x2 − x1
where n1 and n2 are number of particles per unit volume for the values
of x meant to be x1 and x2 . Find the dimension of the diffusion
constant D.
23. If force ‘F ’ and density‘d’ are related as
α
F = √
β + d
then find out the dimensions of α and β.

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24. The unit of velocity is run, the unit of time is second and unit of force
is strength in a hypothetical system of unit. In this system of unit,
the unit of mass is (strength)x (second)y (run)z . Find the ratio y/x.
25. If F = Gmr12m2 in measurement of F , m1 , m2 and r, the maximum per-
centage error are 1%, 2%, 2% and 4% respectively. Find the maximum
percentage error in measurement of gravitational constant G.
26. To find the distance d over which a signal can be seen clearly in foggy
conditions, a railway engineer uses dimensional analysis and assumes
that the distance depends on the mass density ρ of the fog, intensity
(power/area) S of the light from the signal and its frequency ν. The
engineer finds that d is proportional to S 1/n . Find value of n.

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