2025-26
Class: VII Subject: PHYSICS
Resource Sheet of Chapter- 4 Light Energy
Question 1
Explain the following terms:
i) Incident ray
ii) Reflected ray
iii) Angle of incidence
iv) Angle of reflection
v) Normal
Answer
i. The ray of light that strikes the surface is called the incident ray.
ii. The ray of light which is returned back into the same medium after striking the reflecting
surface is called the reflected ray.
iii. The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence. It is
represented by the letter i.
iv. The angle between the reflected ray and the normal is called the angle of reflection. It is
represented by the letter r.
v. The perpendicular drawn on the surface at the point of incidence is called the normal.
Question 2
Draw a diagram showing the reflection of a light ray from a plane mirror. Label on it the incident ray, the
reflected ray, the normal, the angle of incidence i and the angle of reflection r.
Answer
Below is the labelled diagram showing the reflection of a ray of light by a plane mirror:
Question 3
State the two laws of reflection of light.
Answer
The two laws of reflection of light are:
i. The angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
ii. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie in the same plane.
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Question 4
The diagram shows an incident ray AO and the reflected ray OB from a plane mirror. The angle AOB is
30°. Draw normal on the plane mirror at the point O and find:
(a) the angle of incidence
(b) the angle of reflection.
Answer
(a) The angle of incidence is 15°.
(b) The angle of reflection is 15°.
Question 5
In the following diagrams, measure and write the angle of incidence and draw the reflected ray in
each case.
Answer
(a) Angle of incidence is 0°.
(b) Angle of incidence is 30°.
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(c) Angle of incidence is 45°.
Question 6
The following diagram shows an incident ray AO and the normal ON on a plane mirror. Find the angle of
incidence and angle of reflection.
Answer
Normal ON is perpendicular on plane mirror, so
Angle of incidence = 90° - 30° = 60°.
Angle of reflection = 60°. (Since angle of incidence = angle of reflection)
Question 7
The following diagram shows a point object O placed in front of a plane mirror. Take two rays from the
point O and show how the image of O is formed and seen by the eye.
Answer
The ray diagram showing formation of the image of point object O placed in front of a plane mirror is
given below:
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Question 8
State four characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror.
Answer
The four characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror are:
i. The image is upright or erect.
ii. The image is virtual.
iii. The image is of same size as the object.
iv. The image is laterally inverted.
Question 9
You are standing at a distance 2 metre from a plane mirror.
(a) What is the distance of your image from the mirror?
(b) What is the distance between you and your image?
Answer
(a) The distance of the image from the mirror is 2 metre as the image formed is as far behind the
mirror as the object is in front of it.
(b) The distance between object and image will be 4 m (object distance + image distance = 2 m + 2 m)
Question 10
What are primary colours? Name the three primary colours.
Answer
Primary colours are the colours of light by mixing which white light is obtained but they themselves
cannot be obtained by mixing any other colours of white light. The three primary colours are red, green
and blue.
Question 11
What are secondary colours? Name the three secondary colours.
Answer
Secondary colours are those colours which are obtained by mixing any of the two primary colours.
Yellow, cyan and magenta are the three secondary colours.
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Question 12
The leaves appear green when seen in white light. Give a reason.
Answer
Leaves appear green in white light because they reflect only the green light and absorb the light of all
other colours.
Question 13
A rose appears red in white light. How will it appear in:
(i) green light,
(ii) red light?
Give a reason for each of your answers.
Answer
(i) A red rose appears black in green light because it absorbs the green light falling on it and reflects
none.
(ii) A red rose appears bright red in red light because it reflects the red light falling on it and absorbs
none of it.
Question 14
What is lateral inversion in a plane mirror?
Answer
The phenomenon in which right side of an object appears to be at the left side and left side of the object
appears to be right side in its image, after reflection, is called lateral inversion.
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