1 Arithmetic and geometric sequences and series.

1.1 Sequences.
1. Write the first five terms of the sequences:

(a)an= 2n2-1
(b)b1= 2, b2= 3, bn=bn−2+bn−1

2. Calculate the general term of the sequences:

−1, 2, 5, 8, 11, · · ·
(b)3, , 32, 34, ·38 · ·
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, · · ·

3. Write the first five terms of the sequences:

(a)a1= 7, a2= 5, an=a−1-an−2

(b)bnequals 3n−1

4. Find the general term of each of the sequences:

-4, -6, -8, -10, ...

24,12,6,3,···
(c), 2 , 3 ,4 5,
3 4 5 6
· · ·

5. Write the first five terms of the sequences:

(a)a1= 2, a2= 3, an =an−1·an−2

(b)bn = 2n+1

6. Find the general term of each of these sequences:

(a)3,1,−1,−3, .5,· · ·
(b) 2, -6, 18, -54, · · ·
(c)1, , 14 , 91,· 16·1 · 251

7. Calculate the first five terms of the sequences:

(a)a1= 5, an= 3an−1-8

(b)b= n−3
2n+1

8. Obtain the first five terms of each of these sequences:

(a) 5; 5.5; 6; 6.5; 7; · · ·

(b)−1,−4,−16,−64,· · ·
(c)1, , 12 , 13, ,14 · 15 · ·

9. In the general term sequencesn= 5n−3yb n= 2n, find the terms first;
second and tenth.
2
10. Find the first five terms of the sequence.n = (
n−1
)

1
11. Check thatn it is the1 general term of the sequence: 1,1, 1, 1,· · ·
n 2 3 4

12. In the general term sequencesn = 10n−3yb n = 4n - 9 find the terms

3n - 2
first; fifth; tenth and fifteenth.

13. Complete the missing intermediate terms in the following sequences:

(a) 8, , 4, 2, , -2, · · ·
−− −−
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, ...
−− −−

14. Find the next term in each of the sequences:

(a) -3, -5, -7, -9,
−−
(b)5,−10,20,−40,
−−

15. Check if 5, 7, and 9 are terms of the sequence that has the general term.n= 2n + 3.

16. Find the first five terms of the following sequences:

(a)an= 5n + 7
(b)bn= 4n - 3
n

17. Find the first five terms of the following sequence.n = 2n−1
n+1

18. Calculate the third and tenth terms of the sequence whose general term is b.n = 2n - 3n2

19. Find the next term in each of the sequences:

3, 8, 13, 18, ...

(b)1, , 14, 91,· 16
·1 ·

20. Is 24 a term of the sequence that has a general term?n= 3n + 12?

21. Complete the missing intermediate terms in the following sequences:

(a)3,7, , 15, , 23,27,· · ·

−− −−
(b),1,2,4,
1
2
, 16,· · ·
−−

22. Find the first five terms of the following sequences:

(a)an= 3n + 2
(b)bn= n+5
2n+1

23. Find the general term of the sequence: ,23 ,1694,, 278 ,21 243
·32 · ·

24.Find out if y 13and 3 are terms of the general term sequence.= n-1
n+1 .
25. Find the general term of the following sequences:

-2, -4, -6, -8, · · ·

(b)1,81, 27, 64
1 ,· ·1·

26. Given the sequences of general termn=n2+ 1,bn = 2n

n−1
ycn = 3 + n, perform the
following operations:

2
 (a)(a n ) (bn ) + (c)
(b)(a n ) + (cn )]

27. Complete the missing intermediate terms in the following sequences:

(a), 1,
3 −−
3,9, , 81,· · ·
−−
(b) -5, -3, , 1, , 5, · · ·
−− −−

28. Given the sequences= 4,6,9,18,23,· · ·ybn= 1,3,2,4,3,5,· · ·Find 2 (a)yan+ b n .

29. Find the general term of the following sequences:

(a)2,5,10,17,· · ·
(b) 2, 4, 6, 8, · · ·

30. Find the general term of the following sequences:

5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, ...

(b), 1 , 1 ,1 1,
3 4 5 6
· · ·

31. Find the first five terms of the following sequences:

(a)a= (-3)n
n
(b)bn= n+1
( n+5 )

32. Study whether 129 is a term of the sequence whose general term is thatn2+ 3n−1y
in case of affirmation; indicate which one.

33. Given the sequences of general termn =n+ 3ybn= 5n−1, carry out the following
operations:

(a)an-b
(b)an+ 3bn

34. Find the first five terms of the following sequences:

(a)anequals negative onen (2n + 5)

2n
(b)bn= 1 ( + 1
n)

35. Find the general term of the following sequences:

1, 4, 9, 16, · · ·
3, 6, 9, 12, ...

36. Given the sequencesn = 4n−5yb n =n2+ 2n, calculate the third term of the
sequences:

(a)(a ) (bn )
(b)an+bn

37. Write the first eight terms of the sequencengiven by: a1= 1, a2= 1, an =
a−1+an−2 .

3
 38. Given the sequences of general term an =n−1yb n= 2n + 2, perform the following
operations:

(a)(a n ) (b)
(b)an +bn

39. Given the sequencesn = 1

n+1
ybn =n2 calculate:

(a)(a ) (b)
(b)an+bn

40. Write the first eight terms of the successiongiven by: a1= 2, a2= 3, an =
an−1+an−2 .
41. Find the first five terms of the following sequences:

(a)an= 3n−2n
2n
(b)bn= 3n−1
( 2n+5 )

1.2 Arithmetic sequence.

In an arithmetic sequence, we know that2= 1ya5Find the general term and
calculate the sum of the first 15 terms.

2. In an arithmetic sequence; the sixth term is 10.5, and the difference is 1.5. Calculate the
first term and the sum of the first 9 terms.

The fifth term of an arithmetic sequence is 7; and the difference is 3. Calculate the first term.
term and the sum of the first 12 terms.

4. Calculate the sum of the first 15 terms of an arithmetic sequence in which3= 1

yes7= 7.

5. Find the sum of the first 16 terms of an arithmetic sequence in which4= 7

yes716.

A student plans to review mathematics on September 1 for a

fifteen days; doing 2 more exercises each day than the previous day. If on the first day he started
doing an exercise:

How many exercises will he have to do on September 15?

How many exercises will he do in total?

In a building; the first floor is located 7.40 meters high; and the distance between
two consecutive floors; it is 3.80 meters.

At what height is the 9th floor?

(b) Obtain a formula that indicates the height at which the floor is located.

8. In a development, natural gas was installed in the year 2019. Consider-

more than at that moment the first review was done. Knowing that subsequent reviews
they are held every 3 years; answer:

In what year will the tenth review take place?

4
 b) What is the revision number that will take place in the year 2035?

9. The angles of a triangle are in arithmetic progression. Knowing that the largest of them
measures 105; how long do the other two measure?

10. The rental of a bicycle costs 5 soles for the first hour and 2 soles more for each additional hour.

What is the total rental price for 7 hours?

(b) Find a formula that gives us the total rental price in hours.

11. Given the general term of the arithmetic sequencen= 6−5n. Find the sum of the
twenty-eight first terms.

12. Find the difference of an arithmetic sequence knowing that the first term is 3 and the
sixth 23.

13. Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 2, 5, 8, · · ·

14. Hallar la diferencia y el término general de la sucesión aritmética:−8,−4,0,4,· · ·

15. Find the general term of an arithmetic sequence whose difference is 4 and second term
it is 16.

16. Find the sum of the first 12 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 8,15,7,· · ·2

17. Given the general term of the arithmetic sequencen= 4n + 5. Find the sum of the
fifty first terms.

18. Find the sum of the first 30 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 4, 2, 0, · · ·

19. Find the general term of the arithmetic sequence: 8, 15, 22, 29, · · ·

20. Find the general term of an arithmetic sequence whose difference is 8 and second term
it is 5.

21. Find the general term of the arithmetic sequence: 6, 4, 2, 0, · · ·

22. Find the difference of an arithmetic sequence knowing that the second term is 8 and the
fifth 17.

23. Hallar la diferencia y el término general de la sucesión aritmética:25,20,15,10,· · ·

24. Find the sum of the first 23 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 6,19, 20,·3· · 3

25. The sides of a quadrilateral are in arithmetic succession with a difference of 6. If the perimeter
it is 52 cm; calculate the length of its sides.

26. Find the first term and the general term of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the
the sixth term is -12 and the difference is -4.

27. Find the first term and the difference of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the fourth
The term is 39 and the ninth is 84.

28. Find the first term and the general term of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the
the tenth term is 15 and the difference.
2
1
2

5
29. 3 In an arithmetic sequence, we know the third term which is 20 and the trigonometric term
Only worth 101. Find the difference and the 60th term.

30. In an arithmetic sequence, we know the third term is 20 and the thirtieth term.
what is worth 101. Find the difference and the 60th term.

31. In an arithmetic sequence, we know that the fourth term is 3 and the 60th term is
value−109.Find the difference and the term80.
32. How many terms need to be added from the arithmetic sequence: 7, 10, 13, · · · to obtain
as a result 282?

33. Find the sum of the first 25 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 4,29,5,· · ·

34. Given the general term of the arithmetic sequencen = 2n + 3. Find the sum of the
twenty first terms.

35. Find the first term and the difference of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the third
the thirtieth is 33 and the eleventh is 97.

36. Find the sum of the first 30 terms of the arithmetic sequence: 10, 7, 4, · · ·
37. Find the first term and the common difference of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the fifth
the term is 47 and the tenth is 97.

38. Calculate the angles of a quadrilateral that are in arithmetic progression with a difference of 20.

39. Find the first term and the general term of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the
The tenth term is -20 and the difference is -3.

40. Find the first term and the difference of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the fourth
the term is 9 and the tenth is 33.

41. In an arithmetic sequence, the second term is 20 and the fifth is 35. Find the term.
general.

42. In an arithmetic sequence, the sum of the first ten terms is 530 and the first
Term 8. What is the value of the tenth term?

Find the first term of an arithmetic sequence knowing that the third term is 19.
and the eighth 54.

44. How many terms need to be summed from the arithmetic sequence: 3, 9, 15, · · ·, to obtain
as a result 192?

45. The ages of 11 people are in arithmetic progression and the sum of all of them is
561; if the oldest is 86 years old; how old is the youngest?

46. In an arithmetic sequence, the sum of its first terms is2+n, for every value
Find the first term and the difference.

47. Find the value of the interior angles of a convex pentagon; knowing that they are in
arithmetic sequence and that the difference between the largest and the smallest is 140°.

48. The sum of the first twenty-five terms of an arithmetic sequence is 800; and the
The product of its ends is -272. Calculate the first term; the last and the one that occupies.
the place twenty. Suppose the sequence is decreasing.

6
49. Find an arithmetic sequence of nine terms; knowing that the first three add up to
36 and the last three 162.

50. The area of a right triangle is 54 m2. Calculate the lengths of its sides; knowing
that are in arithmetic progression.

51. How many consecutive odd numbers starting from 1 must be taken for their sum
is equal to 7744?

52. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of an arithmetic sequence; knowing that the
the sum of the squares of the second and seventh terms is 477; and that the difference between
the terms eighth and second is 18.

In the arithmetic sequence: 3, · · ·, 23, · · ·, 59, the number of terms between 3 and 23.
It is half of those between 23 and 59. Find the ratio; the number of terms and
the sum of them.

In an arithmetic sequence, the term in position 'r' is 't' and the term in position 't' is 'r'.
Indicate the reason.

In an arithmetic sequence, the first term and the last term are 47 and 207, respectively.
Find the twelfth term if the sum of its terms is 2667.
56. The sum of the third and eighth term of an arithmetic sequence is 41 and the relationship of
Fifth to seventh is 19/25. Find the second term.

57. The sum of the first 8 terms of an arithmetic sequence is 64 and the sum of the 18
The first term is 324. Find the sequence.
58. Given the sequencen−1+1n+2
2 2
,
2
in which a natural number; find the
n n
nth term and lthe sumof its terms.

Two people; leaving and entering at the same time; have covered the same distance.
Calculate the number of kilometers traveled and the days it has taken; knowing that
one of them walked 6 kilometers on the first day; 7 on the second; and so on;
increasing one kilometer each day; and the other has traveled 9 kilometers on the first day;
increasing by 1/4 kilometer each of the following days.

60. A worker must deposit a wheelbarrow of sand at the foot of each of the 30 trees that
they are on one side of the roadway; the trees are 6m away; and the pile of sand
It is 10 m before the 1st tree. What path will it have taken after finishing?
his work and returns the wheelbarrow to the pile of sand.

61. A car detaches from a train that is going up a slope; it travels during the first
second 0;30 m; during the second 3×0;30; during the third 5×0;30; during the fourth
7×0.30. How much does it travel in a minute that lasts the descent?

62. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 17; the last is 12; and the common difference is -1/2. Find
the number of terms and their sum.

7
1.3 Geometric sequence.
In a geometric sequence; a1= 3ya4Calculate the ratio and the sum of the eight
first terms.

2. Find the sum of the first six terms of a geometric sequence with positive ratio
in which2= 10ya4= 250.

3. The third term of a geometric sequence is 80; and the ratio is 4. Calculate the sum
of the first five terms.

4. In a geometric series we know that a1= 2ya4= 54. Find the ratio and the sum of
the first six terms.

5. The ratio of a geometric sequence is 3; and the third term is 45. Find the sum of
the first eight terms.

6. In a geometric progression2= 6yr= 0.5; calculate the sum of all its terms.

7. Find the sum of all the terms of the sequence: 15, 3, 0.6, 0.12, 0.024, · · ·

8. In a geometric sequence with a positive ratio; a14ya3Find the1 sum of infinity

4
terms.

9. The reason of a geometric sequence is 34, and the second term is 2. Find the sum of
the infinite terms of the sequence.

10. Calculate the sum of all the terms of the sequence: 20, 2, 0.2, 0.02, 0.002, · · ·

11. The population of a certain country increases on average by 1% annually. Knowing that
currently has 3 million inhabitants:

How many will he/she have in 10 years?

(b) And in 20 years?

12. A machine initially cost 10,480 soles. After a few years, it was sold for half.
of its price. After a few years, it was resold for half; and so on.

How much did the machine cost the fifth owner?

If the total number of owners has been 7; what is the total amount paid for that machine?

13. The machinery of a factory loses 20% of its value each year. At the moment of its
The purchase was worth 40,000 soles.

(a) How much was it worth a year after buying it? And two years after?
(b) How much will it be valued 10 years after having acquired it?

14. Respondent:

How much money will we have after 3 years by investing 3,000 soles at 6% interest?
compound annual?
And after 5 years?

15. Respondent:

8
 How much will 2,000 soles invested at 5% annual compound interest convert to?
for 4 years?
(b) And for 6 years?

16. Find the general term of the geometric sequence: 4, 2, 1, · · ·

17. Find the general term of the geometric sequence: 5, 1,51· · ·

18. Hallar la razón y el término general de la sucesión geométrica:2,3,29,· · ·

19. Find the general term of the geometric sequence: 5, 10, 20, 40, · · ·
n
20. Given the general term of the geometric sequence: an= 2 ( 15) , find the first three
terms and reason.

21. In a geometric sequence, the first term is 2 and the ratio is .12 Find the sum of the 6.
first terms.

22. Find the sum of the first eight terms of the geometric sequence: , , 1,·14 ·12 ·
n
23. Given the general term of the geometric sequence: an= 4 ( 13) find the first three
terms and reason.

24. Find the general term of a geometric sequence whose first term is and the reason13
es. 19

25. Find the general term of a geometric sequence whose first term is and the reason12
es. 14

26. Study whether the following sequences are geometric sequences and, if so, find the common ratio:

4, -8, 16, -32, 64, · · ·

(b),1,2,6,18,·
1
2
· ·
(c)1,-1,1,-1,1,...
(d) 18, 6, 2,2 , 2, · · ·
3 9

27. The sum of three numbers in arithmetic progression is 15; and if to the second of these numbers
one unit is subtracted from them; it results in a geometric sequence. Find these numbers.

28. The third term of a geometric sequence is 12 and the ratio is 2. Calculate the product of
the first six terms.

29. Find the product of the first six terms of the geometric sequence: 81, 27, 9, · · ·

30. In a culture of bacteria; that reproduce by binary fission every 30 minutes; there was
Initially 10 bacteria. Find out how many bacteria there will be after 12 hours.

31. The first term of a geometric sequence 27 and the fourth-.1 Find the reason.
4 4

32. In a geometric sequence, the fourth term is 24 and the first is 3. Find the product of
the first eight terms.

33. In a geometric sequence with ratio −, the 12third term is 1. Calculate the sum of
infinite terms.

9
34. The second term of a geometric sequence is 2 and the ratio is 2/5. Find the product of
the first five terms.

35. Find the general term of the geometric sequence: 7,14, 52285,· · ·

36. A sheet of paper with a thickness of 0.05 mm is taken; the sheet is folded in half;
with which two sheets of double thickness of the folio are obtained; it is folded again; and it
They obtain four pamphlets with a thickness four times that of the sheet. Assuming that the initial sheet
if it were so big that the operation could be repeated 40 times; how thick would the bundle be
resulting?

37. Find the general term of a geometric sequence knowing that the fifth term is 16.
and the second−2.

38. Find the general term of a geometric sequence knowing that the fifth term is 48.
and the second 6.

39. Find the first term and the common ratio of a geometric sequence; knowing that the second
the term is worth 9 and the fifth 243.

40. In a geometric sequence, the first term is 4 and the fourth. What1 is the value of the ratio?
2

41. The third term of a geometric sequence is 27 and the reason.

3 Calculate the sum of the
8 2
ten first terms.

42. Find the general term of a geometric sequence knowing that the sixth term is 486.
and the third 18.

In a certain culture; initially; there were 1,000 amoebas that reproduce by binary fission.
Every day. How many amoebas will there be after 30 days since the culture started?

44. Find the first five terms and the tenth term of the geometric sequence whose
The first term is 3 and the reason is -. 1
2

45. The sixth term of a geometric sequence is and the

1 reason. Find
16
1 the first term.
2

46. When the terms of the sequence are alternately positive and negative; the reason
it will be a negative number.

47. If the third term of a geometric sequence is 5 and the sixth term is -40, find the
eighth term.

48. Find the sum of the terms of the infinite geometric sequence: 9, 3, 1, · · ·

49. In a geometric sequence, the fifth term is 32 and the second is 4. Find the sum of the
first ten terms.

In a geometric sequence; we know that the first term is 6 and the fourth is 48. Calculate.
the general term and the sum of the first 5 terms.
51. In a square with a side of 2, the midpoints of its sides are joined to obtain another square.
inscribed square. The process is repeated successively with the obtained squares. Calculate
the sequence whose n-th term corresponds to the length of the side of the square
n-th. What type of sequence is it?

10
According to a legend; a rich brahmin ordered his servant; Sisa; to create a game.
so that he could entertain himself. Sisa presented him with the chessboard and the Brahmin was left
so satisfied that he let him choose his reward. Thus; he asked him to pay him with
one grain of wheat for the first square of the board; two for the second; four for the
third; eight for the fourth; etc. until reaching 64 squares. Calculate how many grains
the reward was rising from wheat.
At 9 in the morning; a person tells a secret to three friends. Half an hour later;
Each of these three friends tells the secret to three other people. Half an hour more.
Afternoon; each of these tells the secret to three other people and so on.
Calculate how many people know the secret at 9 PM assuming that each
the person only tells the secret to three other people and no one else during the day and that
none has received the information several times.
54. The sum of an infinite number of terms of a geometric series is 4 and the sum of its cubes is
192. Determine the sequence.
Find three numbers of a geometric progression whose sum is 38 and product is 1728.

56. Find if the sum of the first 6 terms of a geometric progression of real terms is 9 times the
sum of the first three terms.
57. A man wants to save money and saves 1 dollar on the first day; 2 dollars on the second day;
4 dollars on the third day; and so on; doubling the amount each day. If it continues
So; how much should he save on the fifteenth day? Assuming that he does not run out of money;
What is the total saved after 30 days?
On Monday I earned 2 dollars and each day after that I earned double what I earned the day before.
How much did I earn on Saturday and how much from Monday to Saturday?

A dentist fixes 20 pieces for a person charging one dollar for the first; 2 for the
second; 4 for the third; 8 for the fourth and so on. What will the fees be?
from the dentist?

60. A man played for 8 days and each day he won. from13 what I earned the previous day. If the
On the eighth day, he earned 1 dollar; how much did he earn on the first day?

61. The product of the third and seventh term of a geometric progression of 9 terms is 1,256. What is it?
the product of the first term by the last?
62. In a geometric progression of 5 terms, the square of the third term is .If the 814last term is
8
81, what is the first term?

63. The fourth term of a geometric progression

1 is and the seventh
1 term. Find the sixth term.
4 32

64. A man saves each year the amount2 he saved the previous year; he saved in the fifth year.
3
160 dollars. How much has he saved in 5 years?
65. The population of a city has increased by PG of 59,049 individuals that it was in 1953.
100,000 in 1,958. What is the growth rate per year?
A person has won every year. from what I earned
1
3
last year. If the first year
He earned 24,300 dollars; how much has he earned in 6 years?

67. A 2,000-hectare estate is purchased to be paid for in 15 years as follows: $1 the first
year; $3 the second year; $9 the third year and so on. What is the value of the estate?

11
 68. A vacuum pump extracts air from a container in each stroke. What percentage of the
How much original air remains in the container after 10 runs?
69. The annual depreciation of a machine is 25% of its value at the beginning of the year. If the cost
The original value of the machine is $20,000, determine its value after 6 years.

70. A bacterial culture increases by 20% every hour. If the original culture had 10,000.
bacteria; obtain a formula to determine the number of bacteria present afterwards
dethoras. How many microorganisms will be in the culture after 10 hours?

1.4 Interpolation.
1. Calculate the ratio to interpolate between 11 and 5632; eight geometric means; and then;
write the succession.
2. Given an arithmetic sequence; interpolate the terms that are requested:

Five terms between 4 and 34.

Four terms between -3 and 32.

3. Entre 65 y 165 queremos interpolar 9 medios aritméticos. Calcula la diferencia y la suma

of all the terms.
4. Between -5 and -35 interpolate 5 arithmetic means. Write the succession.

5. Interpolate 4 arithmetic means between 5 and 32.5

6. Interpolate 5 means between 11 and -13.

7. Interpolate 3 arithmetic means between 1/3 and 7/3

8. Interpolate 6 arithmetic means between 2/3 and 3

9. "m" differential averages have been interpolated between 3 and 57 and "m−2" between 5 and 19. If the
the reason of the first is three times that of the second; the quotient of the penultimate of the first
between the penultimate term of the second is:

10. In the geometric sequence: 3, 6, 12, · · · the product of two consecutive terms is 1152.
What are these terms?

11. Interpolate 4 geometric means between 96 and 3.

12. Interpolar 3 medios geometricos entre 5 y 3125.

13. Interpolate 4 geometric means between -7 and -224.

14. Interpolate 5 geometric means between 128 and 2.

15. Interpolate 4 geometric means between 421y. 16

27

16. Interpolate 6 geometric means between 2 and1134.

64

17. Interpolate 4 geometric means between49 and256

27
.
18. Interpolate 7 geometric means between 8 and
1
32
.

19. Interpolate 6 geometric means between 2 and

1
64
.

12
20. Interpolate 4 geometric means between 243 and
1
32
.

21. Interpolate 7 geometric means between 10 and 100.

13