Pengertian Narrative Text
Narrative text adalah jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menceritakan
suatu peristiwa atau rangkaian peristiwa yang bertujuan untuk menghibur pembaca atau
pendengar.
Cerita ini bisa berupa fiksi (dongeng, legenda, cerita rakyat) atau non-fiksi (kisah nyata yang
diceritakan dengan gaya narasi).
Fungsi utama: Menghibur, menyampaikan pesan moral, atau membagikan pengalaman.
2. Tujuan Narrative Text
Menghibur pembaca atau pendengar.
Menyampaikan pesan moral atau pelajaran hidup.
Menceritakan peristiwa nyata atau imajinatif.
Mengembangkan kreativitas imajinasi.
3. Generic Structure (Struktur Umum)
Narrative text biasanya memiliki 3 bagian utama:
1. Orientation
Bagian pengenalan: siapa tokohnya, di mana, dan kapan peristiwa terjadi.
Contoh: Once upon a time, in a small village, there lived a poor farmer...
2. Complication
Masalah atau konflik yang muncul dan mengganggu tokoh.
Contoh: One day, the farmer lost all his crops due to a big storm...
3. Resolution
Penyelesaian masalah, bisa happy ending atau sad ending.
Contoh: Finally, the king rewarded him with a bag of gold...
Kadang ditambahkan Re-orientation atau Coda sebagai kesimpulan atau pesan moral.
4. Ciri-Ciri Narrative Text
Menggunakan past tense (V2) karena menceritakan kejadian masa lalu.
Banyak menggunakan action verbs (go, run, fight, see).
Menggunakan adverbs of time (once upon a time, long ago, one day).
Menggunakan direct speech untuk membuat cerita hidup.
Mengandung pesan moral (moral value).
5. Jenis-Jenis Narrative Text
1. Fable → cerita binatang yang mengandung moral.
Contoh: The Tortoise and The Hare.
2. Legend → cerita rakyat yang dipercaya pernah terjadi.
Contoh: Legenda Danau Toba.
3. Myth → cerita tentang dewa atau kekuatan supranatural.
Contoh: The Myth of Hercules.
4. Fairy Tale → cerita fantasi/dongeng.
Contoh: Cinderella.
5. Folktale →cerita rakyat yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun.
Contoh: Malin Kundang.
6. Personal Experience → pengalaman pribadi yang diceritakan seperti cerita.
6. Contoh Narrative Text
Title: The Lion and The Mouse
Orientation:
Once upon a time, a lion was sleeping in the forest. A little mouse ran over his nose and woke
him up.
Complication:
The lion became angry and caught the mouse. "I will eat you!" said the lion. The mouse begged,
"Please let me go. One day, I will help you."
Resolution:
A few days later, the lion was caught in a hunter's net. The mouse heard his roar and came to
help. He chewed the net until the lion was free.
Moral Value:
Kindness will always be rewarded.
The Legend of Lake Toba
A long time ago, in North Sumatra, there was a young man named Toba. He lived alone and
worked as a farmer. One day, he went fishing in the river and caught a big, beautiful golden fish.
When he took it home, the fish magically transformed into a beautiful woman. She told Toba
that she was cursed and could only be free if she married him, but there was one condition:
Toba must never tell anyone that she had once been a fish.
Toba agreed and they lived happily together. They had a son named Samosir. However,
Samosir was a naughty boy who often refused to help his parents. One day, his mother asked
him to deliver lunch to his father in the fields, but Samosir ate most of the food before arriving.
Toba became angry and scolded him harshly. In his anger, he shouted, “You are such a lazy
child! You are just like your mother—a fish!”
Samosir was shocked and ran home to tell his mother. The woman was deeply hurt because
Toba had broken his promise. She told Samosir to climb to the highest hill. Soon after, heavy
rain fell, and water flooded the land, forming a large lake. The woman disappeared into the
water, turning back into a fish, while Toba drowned. The hill where Samosir stood became an
island in the middle of the lake, now called Samosir Island, and the lake is known as Lake Toba.
The Legend of Roro Jonggrang
Long ago in Central Java, a prince named Bandung Bondowoso fell in love with a beautiful
princess named Roro Jonggrang. However, Roro Jonggrang did not love him because he had
killed her father in battle.
To reject him without making him angry, Roro Jonggrang gave him an impossible task: build
her a thousand temples in one night. Bandung used his supernatural powers to summon spirits
to help him, and the temples were nearly complete before sunrise.
Roro Jonggrang tricked the spirits by ordering the village girls to pound rice and light fires,
making it seem like morning had come. The spirits fled, and the last temple was left unfinished.
Realizing her trick, Bandung cursed her into stone, and she became the final statue in the
temple.
