Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 01
(IIT Kanpur)
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (3 April)]

Consider the lines x(3λ + 1) + y(7λ + 2) = 17λ + 5, λ being a parameter, all passing
through a point P. One of these lines (say L) is farthest from the origin. If the distance of
L from the point (3, 6) is d, then the value of d2 is

A 10

B 20

C 15

D 30

Ans. B
QUESTION

1. Let PS be the median of the triangle with vertices P(2, 2), Q(6, –1) and R(7, 3). The
equation of the line passing through (1, –1) and parallel to PS is [IIT-JEE 2000 Scr.]
(A) 2x − 9y − 7 = 0 (B) 2x − 9y − 11 = 0
[Ans. D]
(C) 2x + 9y − 11 = 0 (D) 2x + 9y + 7 = 0

2. If the three families of lines

y − 2x + 1 + λ1 2y − x − 1 = 0,
3y − x − 6 + λ2 y − 3x + 6 = 0,
and ax + y − 2 + λ3 6x + ay − a = 0
have a common line, then value(s) of a is/are
(A) –3 (B) 2 (C) 6 (D) 4 [Ans. A, D]

3. Given the family of lines, a(2x + y + 4) + b(x − 2y − 3) = 0. Among the lines of the
family, the number of lines situated at a distance of 10 from the point M(2, −3) is :
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) ∞ [Ans. B]
QUESTION

4. A straight line through a fixed point (2, 3) intersects the coordinate axes at distinct
points P and Q. If O is the origin and the rectangle OPRQ is completed, then the
locus of R is: [JEE Mains 2018]
(A) 3x + 2y = 6xy (B) 3x + 2y = 6 (C) 2x + 3y = xy (D) 3x + 2y = xy
[Ans. D]
5. Let A be a fixed point (0, 6) and B be a moving point (2t, 0). Let M be the mid-point
of AB and the perpendicular bisector of AB meets the y-axis at C. The locus of the
midpoint P of MC is: [JEE Mains 2021]
(A) 3x 2 − 2y − 6 = 0 (B) 3x 2 + 2y − 6 = 0
(C) 2x 2 + 3y − 9 = 0 (D) 2x 2 − 3y + 9 = 0 [Ans. C]

6. A point P moves so that the sum of squares of its distances from the points (1, 2)
and (–2, 1) is 14. Let f(x, y) = 0 be the locus of P, which intersects the x-axis at the
points A, B and the y-axis at the points C, D. Then the area of the quadrilateral ACBD
is equal to: [JEE Mains 2022]
(A) 9/2 (B) 3 17/2 (C) 3 17/4 (D) 9 [Ans. B]
QUESTION

Find the value of p & q such that x 2 + y 2 + 2pxy + 2qx + 6y + 8 = 0 represents two
parallel straight lines.

Ans. p = 1, q = 3, p = –1, q = –3
QUESTION

Find the point of intersection of the lines y 2 − xy − 6x 2 + 13x − y − 6 = 0. Also find the
angle between them.

Ans. (1, 1); 45°

QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2004]

The area of the triangle formed by the angle bisectors of the pair of lines
x2 – y2 + 2y – 1 = 0 and the line x + y = 3 (in sq. units) is

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4
QUESTION TAH 02

If the equation 2x 2 − 3xy − py 2 + x + qy − 1 = 0 (p, q ∈ I) represents two mutually

perpendicular lines, then

A p2 + q2 = 13

B p−q=5

C p2 − q2 = 1

D p+q=5
QUESTION TAH 03

Two sides of a triangle have equations x – 3y + 2 = 0 and x + y – 2 = 0, the third side

which is variable always passes through the point (–5, –1), then possible values of slope
of third side such that origin is an interior point of triangle is/are:

4
A −
3
2
B −
3
1
C −
3
1
D
6
QUESTION

If the equation S ≡ ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents a pair of parallel

straight lines, then show that
(i) h2 = ab
(ii) af 2 = bg 2 and
g2 −ac f2 −bc
(iii) the distance between the parallel lines = 2 =2
a(a+b) b(a+b)
QUESTION

Find the centre and radius of 2x2 + 2y2 − 3x − 5y − 2 = 0.

QUESTION

If x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – k = 0 is midway between circles

x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 4 = 0 & x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 20 = 0, then k = ?
QUESTION

Find the equation of the circle

(a) Centre is on the line y = 2x and passing through (–1, 2) and (3, –2).
Ans. C = (–1, –2), R = 4

(b) Passes through (2, 3) and centre on the x-axis radius being 5. Ans. (6, 0) & (–2, 0)

(c) Which has its centre as the point (4, 3) and touching the line 5x – 12y – 10 = 0.
Ans. (x – 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4
QUESTION TAH 02

The abscissa of 2 points 'A' and 'B' are the roots of the equation x2 + 2x – a2 = 0 and the
ordinate are the roots of the equation y2 + 4y – b2 = 0. Find the equation of circle with
AB as diameter.
QUESTION [AIEEE 2011] TAH 03

The equation of the circle passing through the points (1, 0) and (0, 1) and having the
smallest radius is -

A x 2 + y2 + x + y – 2 = 0

B x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0

C x 2 + y2 – x – = 0

D x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 7 = 0

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (6 April)]

A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side of length 12. If the area and
perimeter of any square inscribed in this circle are m and n, respectively, then m + n2 is
equal to

A 408

B 414

C 312

D 396

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (5 April)] TAH 04

Let ABCD and AEFG be squares of side 4 and 2 units, respectively. The point E is on the
line segment AB and the point F is on the diagonal AC. Then the radius r of the circle
passing through the point F and touching the line segments BC and CD satisfies:

A r=1

B 2r2 – 4r + 1 = 0

C 2r2 – 8r + 7 = 0

D r2 – 8r + 8 = 0

Ans. D
QUESTION TAH 05 ASRQ

The lines 3x – 4y + 4 = 0 and 6x – 8y – 7 = 0 are tangents to the same circle. The radius
of this circle is __________
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (3 April)] TAH 06

If the four distinct points (4, 6), (–1, 5), (0, 0) and (k, 3k) lie on a circle of radius r, then
10k + r 2 is equal to

A 34

B 32

C 35

D 33

Ans. C
QUESTION ASRQ

The equation of the image of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 16x − 24y + 183 = 0 by the line
mirror 4x + 7y + 13 = 0 is:

A x 2 + y 2 + 32x − 4y + 235 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 + 32x + 4y − 235 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 + 32x − 4y − 235 = 0

D x 2 + y 2 + 32x + 4y + 235 = 0
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (8 April)] TAH 07

If the image of the point (−4, 5) in the line x + 2y = 2 lies on the circle
(x + 4)2 + (y − 3)2 = r 2 , then r is equal to:

A 2

B 3

C 4

D 1

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (28 Jan)] S-01

Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are along −x + 2y = 4 and x + y = 4. If m is the

slope of its third side, then the sum, of all possible distinct values of m, is:

A −2 10

B 12

C –6

D 6

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (24 Jan)] S-02

Let the lines 3x − 4y − α = 0, 8x − 11y − 33 = 0, and 2x − 3y + λ = 0 be concurrent. If

57 −40
the image of the point (1, 2) in the line 2x − 3y + λ = 0 is , , then |αλ| is equal to
13 13

A 91

B 113

C 101

D 84

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (28 Jan)] S-03

Let the triangle PQR be the image of the triangle with vertices (1, 3), (3, 1) and (2, 4) in
the line x + 2y = 2. If the centroid of △ PQR is the point (α, β), then 15(α − β) is

A 21

B 19

C 22

D 24

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (2 April)] S-04

Let the area of the triangle formed by a straight line L: x + by + c = 0 with co-ordinate
axes be 48 square units. If the perpendicular drawn from the origin to the line L makes
an angle of 45° with the positive x-axis, then the value of b2 + c 2 is :

A 90

B 83

C 93

D 97

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (29 Jan)] S-05

Let △ ABC be a triangle formed by the lines 7x − 6y + 3 = 0, x + 2y − 31 = 0 and

9x − 2y − 19 = 0. Let the point (h, k) be the image of the centroid of ΔABC in the line
3x + 6y − 53 = 0. Then h2 + k 2 + hk is equal to:

A 47

B 37

C 40

D 36

Ans. B
QUESTION

10 10 C 10+k C p
1. If ෍ k k
= where p and q are coprime, then the value of q − p is
k=0 (−2)k q

(A) 128 (B) 63 (C) –65 (D) 65 [Ans. D]

2. If Cr are the binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, the value of

n n

෍ ෍ i + j Ci Cj is
i=1 j=1
(A) n ⋅ 2n 2n + 1 (B) n ⋅ 2n 2n − 1 (C) 2n 2n − 1 (D) 2n 2n + 1 [Ans. B]

1 1 1 1 1
3. If Sn = C1 − 1
n
+ n
C2 + 1 + + n n−1
C3 + ⋯ + (−1) 1 + + ⋯+ n
Cn
2 2 3 2 n
then Sn equal to
2n −1 1 2 2n
(A) (B) (C) (D) [Ans. B]
n n+1 n n n+1 n n+1
QUESTION

1. A pack contains n cards numbered from 1 to n. Two consecutive numbered cards

are removed from the pack and the sum of the numbers on the remaining cards is
1224. If the smaller of the numbers on the removed cards is k, then k – 20 =
[JEE Advanced 2013] [Ans. 5]
4n k(k+1)
2. Let Sn = ෍ (−1) 2 k 2 . Then Sn can take value(s)
k=1
(A) 1056 (B) 1088 (C) 1120 (D) 1332 [Ans. A, D]
[JEE Advanced 2013]
3. If the sum of the first 2n terms of the A.P. 2, 5, 8, ...., is equal to the sum of the first n
terms of the A.P. 57, 59, 61, ...., then n equals
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 11 (D) 13 [Ans. C]
[IIT-JEE Scr. 2001]
1 1 1 1
4. For a positive integer n, let a(n) = 1 + + + + ⋯ . Then
2 3 4 2n −1
(A) a(100)  100 (B) a(100) > 100 [Ans. A, D]
(C) a(200)  100 (D) a(200) > 100 [IIT-JEE 1999]
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 02
(IIT Kanpur)
QUESTION

10 10 C 10+k C p
1. If ෍ k k
= where p and q are coprime, then the value of q − p is
k=0 (−2)k q

(A) 128 (B) 63 (C) –65 (D) 65 [Ans. D]

2. If Cr are the binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, the value of

n n

෍ ෍ i + j Ci Cj is
i=1 j=1
(A) n ⋅ 2n 2n + 1 (B) n ⋅ 2n 2n − 1 (C) 2n 2n − 1 (D) 2n 2n + 1 [Ans. B]

1 1 1 1 1
3. If Sn = C1 − 1
n
+ n
C2 + 1 + + n n−1
C3 + ⋯ + (−1) 1 + + ⋯+ n
Cn
2 2 3 2 n
then Sn equal to
2n −1 1 2 2n
(A) (B) (C) (D) [Ans. B]
n n+1 n n n+1 n n+1
QUESTION KCLS

Two sides of a triangle have equations x – 3y + 2 = 0 and x + y – 2 = 0, the third side

which is variable always passes through the point (–5, –1), then possible values of slope
of third side such that origin is an interior point of triangle is/are:

4
A −
3
2
B −
3
1
C −
3
1
D
6
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (24 Jan)] ASRQ

Let circle C be the image of x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y − 4 = 0 in the line 2x − 3y + 5 = 0 and A

be the point on C such that OA is parallel to x-axis and A lies on the right hand side of
the centre O of C. If B(α, β), with β < 4, lies on C such that the length of the arc AB is
(1/6)th of the perimeter of C, then β − 3α is equal to

A 4− 3

B 3

C 4

D 3+ 3
Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (8 April)] TAH 01

Consider a circle C1 ∶ x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 2y = α − 5. Let its mirror image in the line

y = 2x + 1 be another circle C2 ∶ 5x 2 + 5y 2 − 10fx − 10gy + 36 = 0. Let r be the radius
of C2 . Then α + r is equal to ___________.

Ans. 2
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (31 Jan)] TAH 02

Let a variable line passing through the centre of the circle x2 + y2 – 16x – 4y = 0, meet
the positive co-ordinate axes at the points A and B. Then the minimum value of OA + OB,
where O is the origin, is equal to

A 12

B 20

C 24

D 18

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (30 Jan)] ASRQ

Let P a1 , b1 and Q a2 , b2 be two distinct points on a circle with center C( 2, 3). Let O
be the origin and OC be perpendicular to both CP and CQ. If the area of the triangle OCP
35
is , then a12 + a22 + b12 + b22 is equal to:
2

Ans. 24
QUESTION

Find the equation of a circle which touches the positive axis of y at a distance of 4 unit
from origin and cuts off an intercept of 6 units from the axis of x.

Ans. (x ± 5)2 + (y – 4)2 = 25

QUESTION TAH 03

Find the equation of the locus of the centre of a circle which touches the positive y-axis
and having intercept on x-axis equal to 2l.

Ans. x2 – y2 = l2
QUESTION

Two rods whose lengths are 2a and 2b slide along the rectangular axes in such a way
that their extremities are always concyclic. Find the equation of the locus of the centre
of the circle.

Ans. x2 – y2 = a2 – b2 or x2 – y2 = b2 – a2
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (28 Jan)] TAH 04

Let the equation of the circle, which touches x-axis at the point a, 0 , a > 0 and cuts off
an intercept of length b on y-axis be x 2 + y 2 − αx + βy + γ = 0. If the circle lies below
x-axis, then the ordered pair 2a, b2 is equal to

A α, β2 + 4γ

B α, β2 − 4γ

C γ, β2 + 4α

D γ, β2 − 4α

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2013] TAH 05

The circle passing through (1, –2) and touching the axis of x at (3, 0) also passes through
the point:

A (–5, 2)

B (2, –5)

C (5, –2)

D (–2, 5)
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2016] ASRQ

If one of the diameters of the circle, given by the equation, x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0, is a

chord of a circle S, whose centre is at (–3, 2), then the radius of S is:

A 10

B 5 2

C 5 3

D 5
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019] ASRQ

If a circle of radius R passes through the origin O and intersects the coordinates axes at
A and B, then the locus of the foot of perpendicular from O on AB is:

A (x2 + y2)2 = 4R2 x2 y2

B (x2 + y2)2 = 4R x2 y2

C (x2 + y2)3 = 4R2 x2 y2

D (x2 + y2) (x + y) = R2 xy
QUESTION

S1 = x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 3 = 0; S2 = x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y – 3 = 0, then point (1, 2) lies-

A inside S1 = 0 and inside S2 = 0

B outside S1 = 0 and outside S2 = 0

C inside S1 = 0 and outside S2 = 0

D outside S1 = 0 and inside S2 = 0

QUESTION

For what value of 'a' the point (a, a + 1) lies inside the region bounded by the circle
x2 + y2 = 5 and the line x + y = 2 in the first quadrant.
QUESTION KCLS

If the join of (x1, y1) & (x2, y2) makes an obtuse angle at (x3, y3) then prove that
(x3 – x1) (x3 – x2) + (y3 – y1) (y3 – y2) < 0
QUESTION

x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y – 3 = 0, convert into parametric form.

QUESTION [JEE Mains 2020]

Let PQ be a diameter of the circle x2 + y2 = 9. If α and β are the lengths of the

perpendiculars from P and Q on the straight line, x + y = 2 respectively, then the
maximum value of αβ is __________.
QUESTION

For the condition x2 + y2 – 4x + 3 = 0. find

(a) maximum & minimum value of x2 + y2 Ans. 9 & 1]

(b) maximum value of x2 + y2 + 2y Ans. 5 +2 5

(c) maximum & minimum value of 3x + 4y Ans. 11 and 1

QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (29 Jan)] ASRQ

Let a circle C pass through the points (4, 2) and (0, 2), and its centre lie on
3x + 2y + 2 = 0. Then the length of the chord, of the circle C, whose midpoint is (1, 2), is

A 4 2

B 2 2

C 2 3

D 3

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019] ASRQ

The sum of the squares of the lengths of the chords intercepted on the circle,
x2 + y2 = 16, by the lines, x + y = n, n  N, where N is the set of all natural numbers, is:

A 210

B 160

C 105

D 320

Ans. A
QUESTION

1. Prove that: nC0  2nCn – nC1  2n–2Cn + nC2  2n–nCn – ...... = 2n

n n

2. Prove that: ෍ ෍ n
Cm m
C P = 3n − 2n
P=1 m=P

3. The coefficient of x15 in the product of (1 – x) (1 – 2x) (1 – 22x) ....... (1 – 215x) is

equal to
(A) 2105 – 2121 (B) 2121 – 2105 (C) 2120 – 2104 (D) – 2121 – 2105
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 03
(IIT Kanpur)
1. If the x-coordinates of A & B are roots of equation 2x 2 − 5x − 3 = 0 while
y-coordinates are roots of 6x 2 − 8x − 1 = 0 then equation 0f circle on AB as
diameter _____________________

2. Position of point P x, y1 with respect to a circle x 2 + y 2 + 28x + 2fy + c = 0 is

according as __________________
 x−x1 y−y1
3. = =r
cos θ sin θ

(a) If we keep θ fixed & r variable then the given equation denotes __________

(b) If we keep r fixed & θ variable then the given equation denotes __________

4. Maximum distance of point A from a circle of radius r with centre C is ______________

5. Minimum distance of point A from a circle of radius r with centre C is ______________

6. Distance between two parallel tangents to a circle is equal to ______________

7. Length of perpendicular from centre of circle to a tangent is equal to ________________

8. If a circle touches x axis then its equation is of the form ____________________

9. If a circle touches y axis then its equation is of the form ___________________

10. If a circle touches both the coordinate axes then its equation is of the form
__________________________

11. Let P be length of perpendicular from centre of circle C of radius r to line L then
(a) If P < r ____________________________
(b) If P > r ____________________________
(c) If P = r ____________________________
(a) If P = 0 ____________________________
12. L : y = mx + c C : x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c' = 0
Put y from L in C we get a quadratic in x, if D represents it discriminant then
(a) If D > 0 ______________________
(b) If D < 0 ______________________
(c) If D = 0 ______________________
QUESTION

1. Prove that: nC0  2nCn – nC1  2n–2Cn + nC2  2n–nCn – ...... = 2n

n n

2. Prove that: ෍ ෍ n
Cm m
C P = 3n − 2n
P=1 m=P

3. The coefficient of x15 in the product of (1 – x) (1 – 2x) (1 – 22x) ....... (1 – 215x) is

equal to
(A) 2105 – 2121 (B) 2121 – 2105 (C) 2120 – 2104 (D) – 2121 – 2105
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2011] ASRQ

The straight line 2x − 3y = 1 divides the circular region x 2 + y 2 ≤ 6 into two parts. If
3 5 3 1 1 1 1
S = 2, , , , − , , then the number of points(s) in S lying inside the
4 2 4 4 4 8 4
smaller part is

Ans. 2
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (10 April)] ASRQ

A line segment AB of length λ moves such that the points A and B remain on the
periphery of a circle of radius λ. Then the locus of the point, that divides the line
segment AB in the ratio 2 : 3, is a circle of radius
2
A λ
3
3
B λ
5
19
C λ
7
19
D λ
5
Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (28 July)] ASRQ

11
Let C be the centre of the circle x2 + y2 − x + 2y = and P be a point on the circle. A
4
π
line passes through the point C, makes an angle of with the line CP and intersects the
4
circle at the points Q and R. Then the area of the triangle PQR (in unit2) is:

A 2

B 2 2

π
C 8 sin
8

π
D 8 cos
8

Ans. B
QUESTION

Find the point of contact of 3x – 4y – 15 = 0 and circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y – 5 = 0.

Ans. (5, 0)
QUESTION

Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0 which are

(i) Perpendicular Ans. 4x + 3y = 25, 4x + 3y + 5 = 0

(ii) Parallel to the line 3x – 4y – 7 = 0 Ans. 3x – 4y + 20 = 0, 3x – 4y = 10

(iii) Lies at maximum distance from point (2, 1) Ans. x – y + 1 + 3 2 = 0

QUESTION

Find the equation of tangent drawn to the circle x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y – 3 = 0 from the point
(7, 4) lying outside the circle.
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2018]

The tangent to the circle C1 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 1 = 0 at the point (2, 1) cuts off a chord of
length 4 from a circle C2 whose center is (3, –2). The radius of C2 is:

A 2

B 2

C 3

D 6
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2012]

A tangent PT is drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4 at the point P 3, 1 . A straight line L,

perpendicular to PT is a tangent to the circle (x − 3)2 + y 2 = 1.
A possible equation of L is

A x − 3y = 1

B x + 3y = 1

C x − 3y = −1

D x + 3y = 5
Ans. A
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2008] KCLS

A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of

C with the sides PQ, QR, RP are D, E, F, respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation
3 3 3
3x + y − 6 = 0 and the point D is , . Further, it is given that the origin and the
2 2
centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.
Equations of the sides QR, RP are
2 2
A y=
3
x + 1, y = −
3
x −1

1
B y=
3
x, y =0

3 3
C y=
2
x + 1, y = −
2
x −1

D y = 3x, y = 0
Ans. D
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2008] KCLS

A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of

C with the sides PQ, QR, RP are D, E, F, respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation
3 3 3
3x + y − 6 = 0 and the point D is , . Further, it is given that the origin and the
2 2
centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.
Points E and F are given by
3 3
A ,
2 2
, 3, 0

3 1
B ,
2 2
, 3, 0

3 3 3 1
C ,
2 2
, ,
2 2

3 3 3 1
D ,
2 2
, ,
2 2 Ans. A
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2008] KCLS

A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of

C with the sides PQ, QR, RP are D, E, F, respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation
3 3 3
3x + y − 6 = 0 and the point D is , . Further, it is given that the origin and the
2 2
centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.
The equation of circle C is
2
2
A x−2 3 + y−1 =1
2
2
B x−2 3 + y + 1/2 =1
2
2
C x− 3 + y+1 =1
2
2
D x− 3 + y−1 =1 Ans. D
QUESTION ASRQ

The sum of radii of all the circles touching both the coordinate axis and the line
3x + 4y = 12 is _____.
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2007] KCLS

Let ABCD be a quadrilateral with area 18, with side AB parallel to the side CD and
AB = 2CD. Let AD be perpendicular to AB and CD. If a circle is drawn inside the
quadrilateral ABCD touching all the sides, then its radius is

A 3

B 2

C 3/2

D 1

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (27 Jan)]

Consider a circle (x – )2 + (y – )2 = 50 where ,  > 0 If the circle touches the line
y + x = 0 at the point P, whose distance from the origin is 4 2 then ( + )2 is equal to

Ans. 100
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (5 April)]

Let a circle C of radius 1 and closer to the origin be such that the lines passing through
the point (3, 2) and parallel to the coordinate axes touch it. Then the shortest distance
of the circle C from the point (5, 5) is:

A 4 2

B 4

C 5

D 2 2

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (1 Feb)] ASRQ

Let the locus of the midpoints of the chords of the circle x 2 + (y − 1)2 = 1 drawn from
the origin intersect the line x + y = 1 at P and Q. Then, the length of PQ is:

1
A
2

B 1

1
C
2

D 2

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2018 (Paper 1)]

Let P be a point on the circle S with both coordinates being positive. Let the tangent to S
at P intersect the coordinate axes at the points M and N. Then, the mid-point of the line
segment MN must lie on the curve

A (x + y)2 = 3xy

B x 2/3 + y 2/3 = 24/3

C x 2 + y 2 = 2xy

D x2 + y2 = x2y2

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (4 April)]

Let C be a circle with radius 10 units and centre at the origin. Let the line
x + y = 2 intersects the circle C at the points P and Q. Let MN be a chord of C of length
2 unit and slope –1. Then, a distance (in units) between the chord PQ and the chord MN
is:

A 3− 2

B 2− 3

C 2−1

D 2+1
Ans. A
QUESTION KCLS

If 4l2 – 5m2 + 6l + 1 = 0, then show that the line lx + my + 1 = 0 touches a fixed circle.
Find the centre and radius of the circle.

Ans. (3.0), 5
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (31 Jan)] KCLS

Let a circle C1 be obtained on rolling the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 6y + 11 = 0 upwards

4 units on the tangent T to it at the point (3, 2). Let C2 be the image of C1 in T. Let A and
B be the centers of circles C1 and C2 respectively, and M and N be respectively the feet of
perpendiculars drawn from A and B on the x-axis. Then the area of the trapezium AMNB
is:

A 2(2 + 2)

B 4(1 + 2)

C 3+2 2

D 2(1 + 2)
Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2024 (Paper 1)] KCLS

Let the straight line y = 2x touch a circle with center (0, α), α > 0, and radius r at a
point A1 . Let B1 be the point on the circle such that the line segment A1 B1 is a diameter
of the circle. Let α + r = 5 + 5.
Match each entry in List-I to the correct entry in List-II.
The correct option is:
List-I List-II
A (P) → (4), (Q) → (2), (R) → (1), (S) → (3) (P) α equals (1) (−2,4)
(Q) r equals (2) 5
B (P) → (2), (Q) → (4), (R) → (1), (S) → (3)
(R) A1 equals (3) (−2,6)
C (P) → (4), (Q) → (2), (R) → (5), (S) → (3) (S) B1 equals (4) 5
(5) (2,4)
D (P) → (2), (Q) → (4), (R) → (3), (S) → (5)
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019] KCLS

If a variable line, 3x + 4y – λ = 0 is such that the two circles

x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 18x – 2y + 78 = 0 are on its opposite sides, then the
set of all values of λ is the interval:

A (23, 31)

B (13, 23)

C (2, 17)

D (12, 21)

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (6 April)]

If the tangents at the points P and Q on the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + y = 5 meet at the point
9
R ,2 , then the area of the triangle PQR is:
4

13
A
8
5
B 8
5
C 4
13
D 4
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (8 April)]

Let O be the origin and OP and OQ be the tangents to the circle

x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 4y + 8 = 0 at the points P and Q on it. If the circumcircle of the triangle
1
OPQ passes through the point α, , then a value of α is
2

A 1

B –1/2

C 5/2

D 3/2

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022]

169
Let AB be a chord of length 12 of the circle x − 1 + y + 1 =
2 2 .If tangents drawn
4
to the circle at points A and B intersect at the point P. then five times the distance of
point P from chord AB is equal to _______.

Ans. 72
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2021 (31 Aug)]

Let B be the centre of the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y + 1 = 0. Let the tangents at two

area △APQ
points P and Q on the circle intersect at the point A(3, 1). Then 8 is equal to
area △BPQ
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (29 Jan)] S-01

Let B and C be the two points on the line y + x = 0 such that B and C are symmetric with
respect to the origin. Suppose A is a point on y − 2x = 2 such that △ ABC is an
equilateral triangle. Then, the area of the △ ABC is:

10
A
3
B 2 3

C 3 3
8
D
3
Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 July)] S-02

Let A(1, 1), B(−4, 3), C(−2, −5) be vertices of a triangle ABC, P be a point on side BC,
and Δ1 and Δ2 be the areas of triangles APB and ABC, respectively. If Δ1 : Δ2 = 4 : 7, then
the area enclosed by the lines AP, AC and the x-axis is:

1
A
4
3
B
4
1
C
2

D 1
Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (29 July)] S-03

Let the circumcentre of a triangle with vertices A(a, 3), B(b, 5) and C(a, b), ab > 0 be
P(1, 1). If the line AP intersects the line BC at the point Q k1 , k 2 , then k1 + k 2 is equal
to:

A 2

B 4/7

C 2/7

D 4

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 June)] S-04

In an isosceles triangle ABC, the vertex A is (6, 1) and the equation of the base BC is
2x + y = 4. Let the point B lie on the line x + 3y = 7. If (α, β) is the centroid of △ ABC,
then 15(α + β) is equal to:

A 39

B 41

C 51

D 63

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (23 Jan)] S-05

A rod of length eight units moves such that its ends A and B always lie on the lines
x − y + 2 = 0 and y + 2 = 0, respectively. If the locus of the point P, that divides the rod
AB internally in the ratio 2 : 1 is 9 x 2 + αy 2 + βxy + γx + 28y − 76 = 0, then α − β − γ
is equal to :

A 24

B 22

C 21

D 23
Ans. D
QUESTION

1. Circle(s) touching x-axis at a distance 3 from the origin and having an intercept of
length 2 7 on y-axis is (are) [JEE Advanced 2013]
(A) x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 8y + 9 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 7y + 9 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 8y + 9 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 7y + 9 = 0 [Ans. A, C]

2. The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0 is AB. Equation of the

circle with AB as a diameter is [IIT-JEE 1996]
[Ans. x 2 + y 2 − x − y = 0]

3. The circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 4y + 4 = 0 is inscribed in a triangle which has two of its

sides along the co-ordinate axes. The locus of the circumcentre of the triangle is
x + y − xy + k x 2 + y 2 1/2 = 0. Find k. [IIT-JEE 1987]
[Ans. k = 1]
QUESTION

4. Lines 5x + 12y − 10 = 0 and 5x − 12y − 40 = 0 touch a circle C1 of diameter 6. If

the centre of C1 lies in the first quadrant, find the equation of the circle C2 which is
concentric with C1 and cuts intercepts of length 8 on these lines. [IIT-JEE 1986]
[Ans. x 2 + y 2 − 10x − 4y + 4 = 0]

5. The centre of circle inscribed in square formed by the lines

x 2 − 8x + 12 = 0 and y 2 − 14y + 45 = 0, is [IIT-JEE 2003 (Scr.)]
(A) (4, 7) (B) (7, 4) (C) (9, 4) (D) (4, 9)
[Ans. A]
QUESTION

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1. Let S = 1+ + + 1+ + + 1+ + + ⋯+ 1 + + , then
12 22 22 32 32 42 2024 2 20252
(2025)S−2024
is: [Ans. 2025]
2024

2. α, β, γ, δ are roots of f(x) = 5x 4 + ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d and α, γ, δ are roots of

g(x) = x 3 − 9x 2 + kx − 24 also α, γ, δ are in A.P. and α, β, γ, δ are in H.P. (where
α < β < γ < δ), then the value of f(5) ⋅ g(5) is equal to: [Ans. 468]

n
t2r−3 (1−t) 1
3. If P(t) = lim ෎ , then P lies in the interval:
n→∞ t2r−1 +1 t2r−3 +1 2
r=2
π π π π π π
(A) 0, sin (B) 0, tan (C) tan , tan (D) cos , cos
6 4 4 3 6 3
[Ans. A, B]
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (24 Jan)]

For some n ≠ 10, let the coefficients of the 5th, 6th and 7th terms in the binomial
expansion of (1 + x)n+4 be in A.P. Then the largest coefficient in the expansion of
(1 + x)n+4 is:

A 10

B 35

C 70

D 20

Ans. B
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 04
(IIT Kanpur)
1. tan  = __________________

2. Area of  PACB = __________________

3. tan 2 = ________________________

4. Area of PAB = _______________________

5. Circumcricle of PAB = __________________

6. Length of chord AB = __________________

7. Equation of circle shown in figure can be
written as ____________________

8. Equation of circle shown in figure can be

written as ____________________ (0, )
QUESTION

1. Circle(s) touching x-axis at a distance 3 from the origin and having an intercept of
length 2 7 on y-axis is (are) [JEE Advanced 2013]
(A) x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 8y + 9 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 7y + 9 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 8y + 9 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 7y + 9 = 0 [Ans. A, C]

2. The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0 is AB. Equation of the

circle with AB as a diameter is [IIT-JEE 1996]
[Ans. x 2 + y 2 − x − y = 0]

3. The circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 4y + 4 = 0 is inscribed in a triangle which has two of its

sides along the co-ordinate axes. The locus of the circumcentre of the triangle is
x + y − xy + k x 2 + y 2 1/2 = 0. Find k. [IIT-JEE 1987]
[Ans. k = 1]
QUESTION

4. Lines 5x + 12y − 10 = 0 and 5x − 12y − 40 = 0 touch a circle C1 of diameter 6. If

the centre of C1 lies in the first quadrant, find the equation of the circle C2 which is
concentric with C1 and cuts intercepts of length 8 on these lines. [IIT-JEE 1986]
[Ans. x 2 + y 2 − 10x − 4y + 4 = 0]

5. The centre of circle inscribed in square formed by the lines

x 2 − 8x + 12 = 0 and y 2 − 14y + 45 = 0, is [IIT-JEE 2003 (Scr.)]
(A) (4, 7) (B) (7, 4) (C) (9, 4) (D) (4, 9)
[Ans. A]
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (29 Jan)] S-01

Let B and C be the two points on the line y + x = 0 such that B and C are symmetric with
respect to the origin. Suppose A is a point on y − 2x = 2 such that △ ABC is an
equilateral triangle. Then, the area of the △ ABC is:

10
A
3
B 2 3

C 3 3
8
D
3
Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 July)] S-02

Let A(1, 1), B(−4, 3), C(−2, −5) be vertices of a triangle ABC, P be a point on side BC,
and Δ1 and Δ2 be the areas of triangles APB and ABC, respectively. If Δ1 : Δ2 = 4 : 7, then
the area enclosed by the lines AP, AC and the x-axis is:

1
A
4
3
B
4
1
C
2

D 1
Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (29 July)] S-03

Let the circumcentre of a triangle with vertices A(a, 3), B(b, 5) and C(a, b), ab > 0 be
P(1, 1). If the line AP intersects the line BC at the point Q k1 , k 2 , then k1 + k 2 is equal
to:

A 2

B 4/7

C 2/7

D 4

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 June)] S-04

In an isosceles triangle ABC, the vertex A is (6, 1) and the equation of the base BC is
2x + y = 4. Let the point B lie on the line x + 3y = 7. If (α, β) is the centroid of △ ABC,
then 15(α + β) is equal to:

A 39

B 41

C 51

D 63

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (23 Jan)] S-05

A rod of length eight units moves such that its ends A and B always lie on the lines
x − y + 2 = 0 and y + 2 = 0, respectively. If the locus of the point P, that divides the rod
AB internally in the ratio 2 : 1 is 9 x 2 + αy 2 + βxy + γx + 28y − 76 = 0, then α − β − γ
is equal to :

A 24

B 22

C 21

D 23
Ans. D
QUESTION

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1. Let S = 1+ + + 1+ + + 1+ + + ⋯+ 1 + + , then
12 22 22 32 32 42 2024 2 20252
(2025)S−2024
is: [Ans. 2025]
2024

2. α, β, γ, δ are roots of f(x) = 5x 4 + ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d and α, γ, δ are roots of

g(x) = x 3 − 9x 2 + kx − 24 also α, γ, δ are in A.P. and α, β, γ, δ are in H.P. (where
α < β < γ < δ), then the value of f(5) ⋅ g(5) is equal to: [Ans. 468]

n
t2r−3 (1−t) 1
3. If P(t) = lim ෎ , then P lies in the interval:
n→∞ t2r−1 +1 t2r−3 +1 2
r=2
π π π π π π
(A) 0, sin (B) 0, tan (C) tan , tan (D) cos , cos
6 4 4 3 6 3
[Ans. A, B]
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2007] KCLS

Let ABCD be a quadrilateral with area 18, with side AB parallel to the side CD and
AB = 2CD. Let AD be perpendicular to AB and CD. If a circle is drawn inside the
quadrilateral ABCD touching all the sides, then its radius is

A 3

B 2

C 3/2

D 1

Ans. B
QUESTION KCLS

If 2 distinct chord of the circle x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0 drawn from the point (a, b) are
divided by the x-axis in the ratio 2 : 1, then prove that a2 > 3b2.
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2021 (20 July)]

Let r1 and r2 be the radii of the largest and smallest circles, respectively, which pass
through the point (−4, 1) and having their centres on the circumference of the circle
r1
x + y +2x + 4y − 4 = 0. If
2 2
= a + b 2, then a + b is equal to:
r2

A 3

B 11

C 5

D 7

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (25 Jan)] Tah 01

The points of intersection of the line ax + by = 0, (a ≠ b) and the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0

are A(α, 0) and B(1, β). The image of the circle with AB as a diameter in the line
x + y + 2 = 0 is:

A x 2 + y 2 + 5x + 5y + 12 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 5y + 8 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 − 5x − 5y + 12 = 0

D x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 3y + 4 = 0

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2018 (Paper 1)] Tah 02

Let P be a point on the circle S with both coordinates being positive. Let the tangent to S
at P intersect the coordinate axes at the points M and N. Then, the mid-point of the line
segment MN must lie on the curve

A (x + y)2 = 3xy

B x 2/3 + y 2/3 = 24/3

C x 2 + y 2 = 2xy

D x2 + y2 = x2y2

Ans. D
QUESTION KCLS

If 4l2 – 5m2 + 6l + 1 = 0, then show that the line lx + my + 1 = 0 touches a fixed circle.
Find the centre and radius of the circle.

Ans. (3.0), 5
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019] KCLS Tah 03

If a variable line, 3x + 4y – λ = 0 is such that the two circles

x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 18x – 2y + 78 = 0 are on its opposite sides, then the
set of all values of λ is the interval:

A (23, 31)

B (13, 23)

C (2, 17)

D (12, 21)

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (6 April)] Tah 04

If the tangents at the points P and Q on the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + y = 5 meet at the point
9
R ,2 , then the area of the triangle PQR is:
4

13
A
8
5
B 8
5
C 4
13
D 4
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (8 April)] Tah 05

Let O be the origin and OP and OQ be the tangents to the circle

x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 4y + 8 = 0 at the points P and Q on it. If the circumcircle of the triangle
1
OPQ passes through the point α, , then a value of α is
2

A 1

B –1/2

C 5/2

D 3/2

Ans. C
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022]

169
Let AB be a chord of length 12 of the circle x − 1 + y + 1 =
2 2 .If tangents drawn
4
to the circle at points A and B intersect at the point P. then five times the distance of
point P from chord AB is equal to _______.

Ans. 72
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2021 (31 Aug)] Tah 06

Let B be the centre of the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y + 1 = 0. Let the tangents at two

area △APQ
points P and Q on the circle intersect at the point A(3, 1). Then 8 is equal to
area △BPQ
Basic Practice Problems (BPP)

1. Prove that the line y = x + 2 touches the circle x 2 + y 2 = 2. Find its point of contact.

2. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4 parallel to the line
3x + 2y + 5 = 0.

3. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 perpendicular to the line
4x + 3y = 0.

4. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 + 4x + 3 = 0, which makes

an angle of 60∘ with the positive direction of x-axis.

5. If a tangent is equally inclined with the co-ordinate axes to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4,

find its equation.
Basic Practice Problems (BPP)

6. Find the equation of the tangents to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25 through (7, 1).

7. If the centre of a circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 is translated 2 units parallel to the line

x + y = 4 where x increases, find its equation.

8. Find the equation of the tangents to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 at x = 2.

9. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 16 at y = 4.

10. Find the equation of the pair of tangents drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y = 0
from (0, 1).
BPP Answers

1. (−1, 1)
2. 3x + 2y ± 2 13 = 0
3. 3x − 4y + 15 = 0 and 3x − 4y − 15 = 0
4. y = 3x + (2 3 ± 2)
5. y = ±x ± 4
6. 4x − 3y = 25 and 3x + 4y = 25
7. x 2 + y 2 − 2 2x − 2 2y − 5 = 0
8. 2x + 5y = 9 and 2x − 5y = 9
9. y = 4
10. x + 2y − 1 = 0 and 2x − y + 1 = 0
QUESTION

If vertices of △ ABC lie on y = f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c.

The △ ABC is right-angled isosceles triangle whose
hypotenuse AC = 4 2 units.

1. y = f(x) is given by
(A) y = x 2 − 2 2 (B) y = x 2 − 12
x2 x2
(C) y = −2 (D) y = −2 2
2 2 2
[Ans. D]

2. Minimum value of y = f(x) is

(A) –4 (B) –2 (C) −2 2 (D) None of these [Ans. C]

3. Number of integral values of k for which one roots of f x = 0 is more than k and
other less than k
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 5 (D) 7 [Ans. B]
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 05
(IIT Kanpur)
1. Length of tangent from (3, 0) to circle x 2 + y 2 + 2x − 4y − 4 = 0 is _______________

2. Power of a point can be ______________, ________________ or __________________

3. If a point P lies outside a circle then its power with respect to circle is equal to
____________________________________________

4. Location of P Power
Outside
Inside
On
5. Equation of tangent of slope m to circle (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = a2 is ______________________

6. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 neither intersects nor touches the coordinate
axes and (x1, y1) lies inside it then ______________________ and ______________________

7. If a circle intercepts chords of equal length on lines L2 and L2 then distance of L1

and L2 from ___________________________

8. Equation of circle touching both coordinates axes are of the form ____________________
or ________________________________
9. If C : x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 and P(x1, y1) then

(a) Equation of circumcircle of PACB is _______________________________

(b) Equation of circumcircle of PAB is _______________________________

QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (25 Jan)] Tah 01

The points of intersection of the line ax + by = 0, (a ≠ b) and the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0

are A(α, 0) and B(1, β). The image of the circle with AB as a diameter in the line
x + y + 2 = 0 is:

A x 2 + y 2 + 5x + 5y + 12 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 5y + 8 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 − 5x − 5y + 12 = 0

D x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 3y + 4 = 0

Ans. A
Basic Practice Problems (BPP)

6. Find the equation of the tangents to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25 through (7, 1).

7. If the centre of a circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 is translated 2 units parallel to the line

x + y = 4 where x increases, find its equation.

8. Find the equation of the tangents to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 at x = 2.

9. Find the equation of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 16 at y = 4.

10. Find the equation of the pair of tangents drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y = 0
from (0, 1).
QUESTION

If vertices of △ ABC lie on y = f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c.

The △ ABC is right-angled isosceles triangle whose
hypotenuse AC = 4 2 units.

1. y = f(x) is given by
(A) y = x 2 − 2 2 (B) y = x 2 − 12
x2 x2
(C) y = −2 (D) y = −2 2
2 2 2
[Ans. D]

2. Minimum value of y = f(x) is

(A) –4 (B) –2 (C) −2 2 (D) None of these [Ans. C]

3. Number of integral values of k for which one roots of f x = 0 is more than k and
other less than k
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 5 (D) 7 [Ans. B]
QUESTION ASRQ

From a point 'P' on circle x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, tangents are drawn to circle
x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c sin2 α + g 2 + f 2 cos 2 α = 0. Find angle between tangents.
(Given α ∈ (0, π/2))

Ans.
QUESTION ASRQ

Find the equation of the circle with centre on the line 2x + y = 0 and touching the lines
4x − 3y + 10 = 0 and 4x − 3y − 30 = 0.
QUESTION

Through a given point P(5, 2), secants are drawn to cut the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25 at points
A1 B1 , A2 B2 , A3 B3 , A4 B4 and A5 B5 such that
PA1 + PB1 = 5, PA2 + PB2 = 6, PA3 + PB3 = 7, PA4 + PB4 = 8 and PA5 + PB5 = 9.
5 5

Find the value of ෍ PA2i + ෍ PBi2 .

i=1 i=1
[Note: Ar Br denotes that the line passing through P(5,2) meets the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25
at two points Ar and Br .
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2024 (Paper 1)] KCLS

Let the straight line y = 2x touch a circle with center (0, α), α > 0, and radius r at a
point A1 . Let B1 be the point on the circle such that the line segment A1 B1 is a diameter
of the circle. Let α + r = 5 + 5.
Match each entry in List-I to the correct entry in List-II.
The correct option is:
List-I List-II
A (P) → (4), (Q) → (2), (R) → (1), (S) → (3) (P) α equals (1) (−2,4)
(Q) r equals (2) 5
B (P) → (2), (Q) → (4), (R) → (1), (S) → (3)
(R) A1 equals (3) (−2,6)
C (P) → (4), (Q) → (2), (R) → (5), (S) → (3) (S) B1 equals (4) 5
(5) (2,4)
D (P) → (2), (Q) → (4), (R) → (3), (S) → (5)
QUESTION

Locus of point 'P' which moves such that the angle made by the pair of tangents drawn
to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is 60°.

Ans. x2 + y2 = 4a2
QUESTION ASRQ

Find the range of values of 'a' such that the angles '' between the pair of tangents
π
drawn from the point (a, 0) to the circle x2 + y2 = 1 satisfies < θ < π.
2

Ans. a ∈ (− 2, −1) ∪ (1, 2)

QUESTION KCLS

Locus of centre of circle touching two perpendicular lines from origin & a line x + y = 1.

Ans. 2(x + y) – 2xy – 1

QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019]

If the circles x 2 + y 2 − 16x − 20y + 164 = r 2 and x − 4 2

+ y−7 2
= 36 intersect at
two distinct points, then :

A r > 11

B r = 11

C 0<r>1

D 1 < r > 11

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (15 April)]

The number of common tangents, to the circles

x 2 + y 2 − 18x − 15y + 131 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 6y − 7 = 0, is:

A 4

B 2

C 3

D 1
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019]

Three circles of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) touch each other externally. If they have x-axis as a
common tangent, then :
1 1 1
A a
=
b
+
c

B a, b, c are in A.P.

C a, b, c are in A.P.
1 1 1
D b
=
a
+
c
Bumper Practice Problems

1. If the equation px 2 + (2 − q)xy + 3y 2 − 6qx + 30y + 6q = 0 represents a circle,

then find the values of p and q. [Ans. p = 3 and q = 2]

2. Equation of circle passing through two points (2, 0) and (0, 2) and having least area
is
(A) x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 2y = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − x − y = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 + x + y = 0 [Ans. A]

3. Find the equation of the image of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 16x − 24y + 183 = 0 by the
line mirror 4x + 7y + 13 = 0. [Ans. (x + 16)2 + (y + 2)2 = 25]

4. The circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 8y + 16 = 0 rolls up the tangent to it at (2 + 3, 3) by

2 units, find the equation of the circle in the new position.
[Ans. (x − 3)2 + (y − 4 − 3)2 = 4]
Bumper Practice Problems

5. Let L1 be a straight line through the origin and L2 be the straight line x + y = 1. If
the intercepts made by the circle x 2 + y 2 − x + 3y = 0 on L1 and L2 are equal, then
which of the following equations can represent L1 ?
(A) x + y = 0 (B) x − y = 0 (C) x + 7y = 0 (D) x − 7y = 0
[Ans. B, C]
6. Equations of circles which pass through the points (1, –2) and (3, –4) and touch the
x-axis is
(A) x 2 + y 2 + 6x + 2y + 9 = 0 (C) x 2 + y 2 + 10x + 20y + 25 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − 6x + 4y + 9 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − 10x − 20y − 25 = 0
[Ans. B, C]
7. If P(2, 8) is an interior point of a circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y − p = 0 which neither
touches nor intersects the axes, then set for p is
[Ans. p ∈ ϕ ]
Bumper Practice Problems

8. If the line 3x − 4y = λ touches the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 8y − 5 = 0, then λ is equal to

(A) –35, –15 (B) –35, 15 (C) 35, 15 (D) 35, –15
[Ans. B]
9. If the line x − 2y = k cuts off a chord of length 2 from the circle x 2 + y 2 = 3 then k =
(A) 0 (B) ±1 (C) ± 10 (D) ± 5 [Ans. C]

10. 𝑙x + my + n = 0 is a tangent line to the circle x 2 + y 2 = r 2 , if

(A) 𝑙2 + m2 = n2 r (B) 𝑙2 + m2 = n2 + r 2
(C) n2 = r 2 𝑙2 + m2 (D) None of these [Ans. C]

11. If y = c is a tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 2y − 2 = 0 at (1, 1), then the value

of c is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) –1 (D) –2 [Ans. A]
Bumper Practice Problems

12. Line 3x + 4y = 25 touches the circle x 2 + y 2 = 25 at the point

(A) (4, 3) (B) (3, 4) (C) (–3, –4) (D) None of these
[Ans. B]
13. The length of the tangent drawn from the point (2, 3) to the circles
2 x 2 + y 2 − 7x + 9y − 11 = 0.
(A) 18 (B) 14 (C) 14 (D) 28 [Ans. C]

14. Tangents are drawn from (4, 4) to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y − 7 = 0 to meet the
circle at A and B. The length of the chord AB is
(A) 2 3 (B) 3 2 (C) 2 6 (D) 6 2 [Ans. B]

15. The angle between the two tangents from the origin to the circle
(x − 7)2 + (y + 1)2 = 25 is
π π π
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) [Ans. D]
3 6 2
Bumper Practice Problems

16. The number of tangents which can be drawn from the point (1, 2) to the circle
x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 4y + 4 = 0 are
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 [Ans. A]

17. Number of tangents of the circle x 2 + y 2 = 1 which are parallel to the x-axis
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4 [Ans. A]

18. Find the length of the Tangent from any point on the circle
S1 ≡ x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + λ = 0 to the circle
S2 ≡ x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + μ = 0 is [Ans. μ − λ]
Bumper Practice Problems

19. The normal at the point (3, 4) on a circle cuts the circle at the point (–1, –2). Then
the equation of the circle is
(A) x 2 + y 2 + 2x − 2y − 13 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y − 11 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 2y + 12 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y + 14 = 0
[Ans. B]

20. The equation of normal to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x + 4y − 17 = 0 which passes

through (1, 1) is
(A) 3x + y − 4 = 0 (B) x − y = 0 (C) x + y = 0 (D) None of these
[Ans. A]
QUESTION

1. Number of ways in which three numbers in A.P. can be selected from 1, 2, 3, … , n is

n−1 2 n(n−2) (n−1)2 (n−1)2
(A) if n is even (B) if n is even (C) if n is odd (D) if n is odd
2 4 4 2
[Ans. B, C]
2. Number of ways in which 6 different toys can be distributed equally among
3 children is also equal to
(A) number of ways in which all the letters of the word KUMKUM can be arranged in a
definite order.
(B) number of different signals which can be obtained from 10 different flags taken two at a
time keeping one above the other.
(C) number of ways in which five different marbles can be placed in three different boxes so
that no box remains empty.
(D) number of ways in which all the letters of the word CALCULUS can be arranged without
changing the order and position of non alike letters. [Ans. A, B, D]
100 100
r 2 1
3. Show: ෍ ⋅2r−1 = −
(r + 1) ⋅ (r + 2) 102 2
r=1
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 06
(IIT Kanpur)
1. Two circle with centres C1 and C2 intersect at two real and distinct points if
______________________________________________

2. Two circle with centres C1 and C2 touch each other externally if ___________________
and internally if _______________________

3. Two circle with centres C1 and C2 are such that one lies completely inside another if
_________________________

4. A common tangent is called a direct common tangent if centres of both circles lie
on ______________________________ of it.
5. A common tangent is called a transverse common tangent if centres of both circles
lie on _____________________________ of it.

6. LDCT = __________________________

LTCT = __________________________

7. LDCT LTCT
QUESTION KCLS

Real number x, y satisfies x 2 + y 2 = 1. If the maximum and minimum value of the

4−y
expression z = are M and m respectively, then find the value (2M + 6m).
7−x
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (31 Jan)] KCLS

Let a circle C1 be obtained on rolling the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 6y + 11 = 0 upwards

4 units on the tangent T to it at the point (3, 2). Let C2 be the image of C1 in T. Let A and
B be the centers of circles C1 and C2 respectively, and M and N be respectively the feet of
perpendiculars drawn from A and B on the x-axis. Then the area of the trapezium AMNB
is:

A 2(2 + 2)

B 4(1 + 2)

C 3+2 2

D 2(1 + 2)
Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (31 Jan)] KCLS

Let a circle C1 be obtained on rolling the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 6y + 11 = 0 upwards

4 units on the tangent T to it at the point (3, 2). Let C2 be the image of C1 in T. Let A and
B be the centers of circles C1 and C2 respectively, and M and N be respectively the feet of
perpendiculars drawn from A and B on the x-axis. Then the area of the trapezium AMNB
is:

A 2(2 + 2)

B 4(1 + 2)

C 3+2 2

D 2(1 + 2)
Ans. B
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2009]

The centres of two circles C1 and C2 each of unit radius are at a distance of
6 units from each other. Let P be the mid point of the line segment joining the centres of
C1 and C2 and C be a circle touching circles C1 and C2 externally. If a common tangent to
C1 and C passing through P is also a common tangent to C2 and C, then the radius of the
circle C is
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (5 April)]

Let a circle C of radius 1 and closer to the origin be such that the lines passing through
the point (3, 2) and parallel to the coordinate axes touch it. Then the shortest distance
of the circle C from the point (5, 5) is:

A 4 2

B 4

C 5

D 2 2

Ans. B
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (4 April)]

Let C be a circle with radius 10 units and centre at the origin. Let the line
x + y = 2 intersects the circle C at the points P and Q. Let MN be a chord of C of length
2 unit and slope –1. Then, a distance (in units) between the chord PQ and the chord MN
is:

A 3− 2

B 2− 3

C 2−1

D 2+1
Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (7 April)]

Let C1 be the circle in the third quadrant of radius 3, that touches both coordinate axes.
Let C2 be the circle with centre (1, 3) that touches C1 externally at the point (α, β). If
m
(β − α) = , gcd(m, n) = 1, then m + n is equal to
2
n

A 22

B 13

C 9

D 31

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2025 (22 Jan)]

A circle C of radius 2 lies in the second quadrant and touches both the coordinate axes.
Let r be the radius of a circle that has centre at the point (2, 5) and intersects the circle C
at exactly two points. If the set of all possible values of r is the interval (α, β), then
3β − 2α is equal to:

A 10

B 12

C 14

D 15

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (8 April)] Tah 01

15 2
Let the circles C1 ∶ (x −α)2 + (y − β)2 = r12 and C2 ∶ (x − 8)2 + y − = r22 touch
2
each other externally at the point (6, 6). If the point (6, 6) divides the line segment
joining the centres of the circles C1 and C2 internally in the ratio 2 : 1, then
(α + β) + 4 r12 + r22 equals

A 130

B 110

C 145

D 125

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (9 April)]

Let the centre of a circle, passing through the points (0, 0), (1, 0) and touching the circle
x 2 + y 2 = 9, be (h, k). Then for all possible values of the coordinates of the centre (h, k),
4 h2 + k 2 is equal to _________.

Ans. 9
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (24 Jan)]

The locus of the mid points of the chords of the circle C1 : (x − 4)2 + (y − 5)2 = 4 which
π 2π
subtend an angle θi at the centre of the circle C1 , is a circle of radius ri . If θ1 = , θ3 =
3 3
and r12 = r22 + r32 , then θ2 is equal to:

π
A
2
π
B
4
3π
C
4
π
D
6
Ans. A
QUESTION

The chord of contact of the circle x 2 + y 2 = b2 is generated by a point on the circle

x 2 + y 2 = a2 and the chord of contact touches the circle x 2 + y 2 = c 2 . Prove that a, b
and c are in G.P.
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (1 Feb)] ASRQ

Let the locus of the midpoints of the chords of the circle x 2 + (y − 1)2 = 1 drawn from
the origin intersect the line x + y = 1 at P and Q. Then, the length of PQ is:

1
A
2

B 1

1
C
2

D 2

Ans. C
QUESTION

Find the co-ordinates of the point of intersection of tangents at the points, where the
line 2x + y + 12 = 0 meets the circle x 2 + y 2 − 4x + 3y − 1 = 0.
QUESTION

Find the locus of the point of intersection of the pair of tangents drawn to a circle
x2 + y2 = a2 at P() and Q(). where | – | = 120°.

Ans. x2 + y2 = 4a2
Home Challenge

Triangle formed by the lines x + y = 0, x − y = 0 and 𝑙x + my = 1. If 𝑙 and m vary

subject to the condition 𝑙2 + m2 = 1 then the locus of its circumcentre is

A x2 − y2 2 = x2 + y2

B x2 + y2 2
= x2 − y2

C x 2 + y 2 = 4x 2 y 2

D x2 − y2 2 = x2 + y2 2
QUESTION (KTK 1)

The circle x 2 + y 2 = 4x + 8𝑦 + 5 intersects the line 3x − 4y − m at two distinct points if

A −35 < m < 15

B 15 < m < 65

C 35 < m < 85

D −85 < m < −35

Ans. A
QUESTION (KTK 2)

Let C be the circle with centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units. The equation of the locus of the
2π
mid points of the chords of the circle C that subtend an angle of at its center is
3

3
A 2
x +y =2
2

B x2 + y2 = 1
27
C x2 + y2 =
4
9
D x2 + y2 =
4

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 3)

If the pair of lines ax 2 + 2(a + b)xy + by 2 = 0 lie along diameters of a circle and divide
the circle into four sectors such that the area of one of the sectors is thrice the area of
another sector then

A 3a2 − 10ab + 3b2 = 0

B 3a2 − 2ab + 3b2 = 0

C 3a2 + 10ab + 3b2 = 0

D 3a2 + 2ab + 3b2 = 0

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 4)

A variable circle passes through the fixed point A(p, q) and touches x-axis. The locus of
the other end of the diameter through A is

A (y − q)2 = 4px

B (x − q)2 = 4py

C (y − p)2 = 4qx

D (x − p)2 = 4qy

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 5)

If the lines 2x + 3y + 1 + 0 and 3x − y − 4 = 0 lie along diameter of a circle of

circumference 10π, then the equation of the circle is

A x 2 + y 2 + 2x − 2y − 23 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y − 23 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 2𝑦 − 23 = 0

D x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 2y − 23 = 0

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 6)

If the two circles (x − 1)2 + (y − 3)2 = r 2 and x 2 + y 2 − 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 intersect in

two distinct point, then

A r>2

B 2<r<8

C r<2

D r=2

Ans. B
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 07
(IIT Kanpur)
9. Director circle of a circle is __________ with the given circle & has radius _____________.

10. Point of intersection of tangents drawn at P(α) & Q(β) on the circle
x 2 + y 2 = a2 is given by ______________

11. Equation of chord joining P(α) & Q(β) on the circle x 2 + y 2 = a2 is ______________

12. Consider line L : 2x − 3y + 5 = 0 then equation of line

(i) parallel to above line is ___________
(ii) perpendicular to above line is ___________
1. Equation of chord of contact of pair of tangents drawn from P(x1, y1) to
circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2gx + c = 0 is _______________ where ___________________

2. Equation of chord with given midpoint P(x1, y1) of the circle

x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2gx + c = 0 is given by __________ where _________________ & ______________
3. If two circles centred at C1 & C2 and having radius r1 & r2 respectively

(i) are separated if ______________

(ii) touch each other externally if _______________

(iii) intersect each other if _______________

(iv) touch each other internally if _____________

(v) one circle lies inside other if _______________

4. If C1 C2 > r1 +r2  Number of common tangents = ________________

5. If C1 C2 = r1 +r2  Number of common tangents = ________________

6. If |r1 – r2| < C1 C2 < r1 +r2  Number of common tangents = ________________

7. If C1 C2 < |r1 – r2|  Number of common tangents = ________________

8. Point of intersection of tangents drawn at P() & Q() on a circle x2 + y2 = a2 is

__________________
9. Equation of chord joining P() & Q() on the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is ___________________

10. LDCT =

11. LTCT =

12. LDCT LTCT

QUESTION (KTK 3)

If the pair of lines ax 2 + 2(a + b)xy + by 2 = 0 lie along diameters of a circle and divide
the circle into four sectors such that the area of one of the sectors is thrice the area of
another sector then

A 3a2 − 10ab + 3b2 = 0

B 3a2 − 2ab + 3b2 = 0

C 3a2 + 10ab + 3b2 = 0

D 3a2 + 2ab + 3b2 = 0

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 4)

A variable circle passes through the fixed point A(p, q) and touches x-axis. The locus of
the other end of the diameter through A is

A (y − q)2 = 4px

B (x − q)2 = 4py

C (y − p)2 = 4qx

D (x − p)2 = 4qy

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2022 (Paper 1)]

Let ABC be the triangle with AB = 1, AC = 3 and BAC = /2. If a circle of radius r > 0
touches the sides AB, AC and also touches internally the circumcircle of the triangle
ABC, then the value of r is _____________
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2016 (Paper 1)] Tah 01

Let RS be the diameter of the circle x 2 + y 2 = 1, where S is the point (1, 0). Let P be a
variable point (other than R and S) on the circle and tangents to the circle at S and P
meet at the point Q. The normal to the circle at P intersects a line drawn through Q
parallel to RS at point E. Then the locus of E passes through the point (s)

1 1 1 1
A , B ,
3 3 4 2

1 1 1 1
C ,− D ,−
3 3 4 2

Ans. A, C
QUESTION

Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the tangents drawn to the circle
x2 + y2 = 8 at the points where the line x + 2y = 4 intersect the circle.

Ans. (2, 4)
QUESTION

Locus of the middle point of the chord of the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 which passes
through a fixed point (a, b) lying outside the circle.
QUESTION [IIT-JEE 2012]

The locus of the mid-point of the chord of contact of tangents drawn from points lying
on the straight line 4x – 5y = 20 to the circle x² + y² = 9 is

A 20(x² + y²) – 36x + 45y = 0

B 20(x² + y²) +36x – 45y = 0

C 36(x² + y²) – 20x + 45y = 0

D 36(x²+ y²) + 20x – 45y = 0

Ans. A
QUESTION ASRQ

Find the equation of the locus of the middle point of the chord of the circle
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 which subtends right angle at a given point P(a, b).
QUESTION ASRQ

Tangents are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 from two points on the axis of x, equidistant
from the point (k, 0). Show that the locus of their intersection is ky2 = a2(k – x).
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2032 (31 Jan)] ASRQ

The set of all values of a2 for which the line x + y = 0 bisects two distinct chords drawn
1+a 1−a
from a point P , on the circle 2x 2 + 2y 2 − (1 + a)x − (1 − a)y = 0, is equal to:
2 2

A (0,4]

B (4, ∞)

C (2,12]

D (8, ∞)

Ans. D
QUESTION TAH 02

If 2 distinct chord of the circle x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0 drawn from the point (a, b) are
divided by the x-axis in the ratio 2 : 1, then prove that a2 > 3b2.
QUESTION

x y
Given + = 1 and ax + by = 1 are two variable lines, 'a' and 'b' being the parameters
a b
connected by the relation a2 + b2 = ab. The locus of the point of intersection has the
equation

A x 2 + y 2 + xy − 1 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 − xy + 1 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 + xy + 1 = 0

D x 2 + y 2 − xy − 1 = 0
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (13 April)] (KTK 1)

Let the centre of a circle C be (α, β) and its radius r < 8. Let 3x + 4y = 24 and
3x − 4y = 32 be two tangents and 4x + 3y = 1 be a normal to C. Then (α − β + r) is
equal to:

A 7

B 9

C 5

D 6

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (29 Jan)] (KTK 2)

Let the tangents at the points A(4, −11) and B(8, −5) on the circle
x 2 + y 2 − 3x + 10y − 15 = 0, intersect at the point C. Then the radius of the circle,
whose centre is C and the line joining A and B is its tangent, is equal to

2 13
A
3
3 3
B
4

C 13

D 2 13

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 June)] (KTK 3)

A circle C1 passes through the origin O and has diameter 4 on the positive x-axis. The
line y = 2x gives a chord OA of circle C1 . Let C2 be the circle with OA as a diameter. If the
tangent to C2 at the point A meets the x-axis at P and y-axis at Q, then QA ∶ AP is equal
to:

A 1:4

B 1:5

C 2:5

D 1:3

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 July)] (KTK 4)

If the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2gx + 6y − 19c = 0, g, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ passes through the point (6, 1) and
its centre lies on the line x − 2cy = 8, then the length of intercept made by the circle on
x-axis is

A 11

B 4

C 3

D 2 23

Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (30 June)] (KTK 5)

Consider three circles:

C1 ∶ x 2 + y 2 = r 2
C2 ∶ (x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = r 2
C3 ∶ (x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = r 2
If a line L ∶ y = mx + c be a common tangent to C1 , C2 and C3 such that C1 and C3 lie on
one side of line L while C2 lies on other side, then the value of 20 r 2 + c is equal to:

A 23

B 15

C 12

D 6
Ans. D
QUESTION

Triangle formed by the lines x + y = 0, x − y = 0 and 𝑙x + my = 1. If 𝑙 and m vary

subject to the condition 𝑙2 + m2 = 1 then the locus of its circumcentre is

A x2 − y2 2 = x2 + y2

B x2 + y2 2
= x2 − y2

C x 2 + y 2 = 4x 2 y 2

D x2 − y2 2 = x2 + y2 2
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 08
(IIT Kanpur)
1. Equation of pair of tangents drawn from P(x1, y1) to circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
is ___________ where _______________________ & _______________________ & ____________________

2. Equation of family of circle touching the line L = 0 at (x1, y1) is given by

_______________________________

3. Equation of family of circle passing through the points A(x1, y1) & B(x2, y2) is
_______________________________________
4. Equation of family of circles passing through the POI of circles S1 = 0 & S2 = 0 is
_________________________

5. Equation of family of circles passing through POI of circle S = 0 & line L = 0 is

___________________

6. The point of intersection of 2 DCT of two circles lie on ________________________ & it

divides the join of their centres __________________________________

7. The point of intersection of 2 TCT of two circles lie on ________________________ & it

divides the join of their centres __________________________________
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (13 April)] (KTK 1)

Let the centre of a circle C be (α, β) and its radius r < 8. Let 3x + 4y = 24 and
3x − 4y = 32 be two tangents and 4x + 3y = 1 be a normal to C. Then (α − β + r) is
equal to:

A 7

B 9

C 5

D 6

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2023 (29 Jan)] (KTK 2)

Let the tangents at the points A(4, −11) and B(8, −5) on the circle
x 2 + y 2 − 3x + 10y − 15 = 0, intersect at the point C. Then the radius of the circle,
whose centre is C and the line joining A and B is its tangent, is equal to

2 13
A
3
3 3
B
4

C 13

D 2 13

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (27 June)] (KTK 3)

A circle C1 passes through the origin O and has diameter 4 on the positive x-axis. The
line y = 2x gives a chord OA of circle C1 . Let C2 be the circle with OA as a diameter. If the
tangent to C2 at the point A meets the x-axis at P and y-axis at Q, then QA ∶ AP is equal
to:

A 1:4

B 1:5

C 2:5

D 1:3

Ans. A
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2022 (30 June)] (KTK 5)

Consider three circles:

C1 ∶ x 2 + y 2 = r 2
C2 ∶ (x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = r 2
C3 ∶ (x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = r 2
If a line L ∶ y = mx + c be a common tangent to C1 , C2 and C3 such that C1 and C3 lie on
one side of line L while C2 lies on other side, then the value of 20 r 2 + c is equal to:

A 23

B 15

C 12

D 6
Ans. D
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2018 (15 April)] Tah 01

A circle passes through the points (2, 3) and (4, 5). If its centre lies on the line,
y − 4x + 3 = 0, then its radius is equal to:

A 2

B 5

C 2

D 1
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2019 (10 Jan)]

If a circle C passing through the point (4, 0) touches the circle x 2 + y 2 + 4x − 6y = 12

externally at the point (1, −1), then the radius of C is

A 5

B 2 5

C 4

D 37

Ans. A
QUESTION

Find the equation of the circles to which the line 4x + 3y = 10 is a common tangent at
(1, 2) and radius of each of the circle is 5.

Ans. (x – 5)2 + (y – 5)2 = 25, (x + 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 25

QUESTION

Find the equation of a circle drawn on the chord x cos  + y sin  = p of the circle
x2 + y2 = a2 as its diameter.

Ans.  = –2p
QUESTION ASRQ

Show that the equation x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 8 = 0 represents for different value of  a

system of circle passing through two fixed points A and B on the x-axis and also find the
equation of that circle of the system the tangent to which at A and B meet on the line
x + 2y + 5 = 0.

Ans. x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y – 8 = 0
QUESTION (KTK 1)

Let the circle S: 36x 2 + 36y 2 − 108x + 120y + 𝐶 = 0 be such that it neither intersects
nor touches the co-ordinate axes. If the point of intersection of the lines, x − 2y = 4 and
2x − y = 5 lies inside the circle S, then:

25 13
A 9
<C<
3

B 100 < C < 165

C 81 < C < 156

D 100 < C < 156

Ans. D
QUESTION (KTK 2)

For the four circles M, N, O and P, following four equations are given :
Circle M ∶ x 2 + y 2 = 1
Circle N ∶ x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0
Circle O ∶ x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y + 1 = 0
Circle P ∶ x 2 + y 2 − 2y = 0
If the centre of circle M is joined with centre of the circle N, further center of circle N is
joined with centre of the circle O, centre of circle O is joined with the centre of circle P
and lastly, centre of circle P is joined with centre of circle M, then these lines form the
sides of a-

A Rhombus B Square

C Rectangle D Parallelogram

Ans. B
QUESTION (KTK 3)

If the locus of the mid-point of the line segment from the point (3, 2) to a point on the
circle, x 2 + y 2 = 1 is a circle of radius r, then r is equal to:

A 1/4

B 1/2

C 1

D 1/3

Ans. B
 Mathematics

Circles
By – Ashish Agarwal Sir
Lecture - 09
(IIT Kanpur)
1. Radical axis is perpendicular to the line joining the centres of the two circles. (T/F)

2. Radical axis always passes through mid points of line segment joining the
centres of the two circles. (T/F)

3. Radical axis of two circles is the locus of a point which moves such that length of
tangents drawn from it to the two circles are equal in length. (T/F)

4. Radical axis is always nearer to centre of smaller O. (T/F)

5. In case radius of 2 circle are equal then radical axis is ______________________ of the line
joining centres of the two Os.
6. If one O is contained inside the other but not concentric then their radical axis
passes ____________________________________

7. If two circles intersect then radical axis becomes _____________ of the two circles.

8. If two circles touch each other then radical axis becomes ___________ at ______

9. Radical axis ________________ the common tangents between the two circles.

10. Two concentric circles ______________ radical axis.

11. Line joining the centres of two intersecting circles is perpendicular bisector of their
common chord. (T/F)

12.  C1AC2B is a ________________

QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (30 Jan)]

Consider two circles C1 ∶ x 2 + y 2 = 25 and C2 ∶ (x − α)2 + y 2 = 16, where α ∈ 5, 9 .

Let the angle between the two radii (one to each circle) drawn from one of the
63
intersection points of C1 and C2 be sin −1
. If the length of common chord of C1 and
8
C2 is β, then the value of (αβ)2 equals

Ans. 1575
QUESTION [JEE Mains 2024 (5 April)] TAH 01

Let the circle C1 : x 2 + y 2 − 2(x + y) + 1 = 0 and C2 be a circle having centre at (–1, 0)

and radius 2. If the line of the common chord of C1 and C2 intersects the y-axis at the
point P, then the square of the distance of P from the centre of C1 is:

A 4

B 6

C 2

D 1

Ans. C
QUESTION ASRQ

Tangents are drawn to a unit circle centre at origin from every point on the line
2x + y = 4, then
(i) Prove that chord of contact passes through a fixed point.
(ii) Find equation to the locus of the middle point of chord of contact.

Ans. (i) (1/2, 1/4)

(ii) 4x2 + 4y2 – 2x – y = 0]
QUESTION TAH 02

Tangent are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 12 at the points where it is met by the circle
x2 + y2 – 5x + 3y – 2 = 0. Find the point of intersection of the tangents.

Ans. (6, –18/5)

QUESTION TAH 03

The equation of the circle circumscribing the triangle formed by the lines:
x + y = 6, 2x + y = 4 and x + 2y = 5, is

A x 2 + y 2 − 17x − 19y + 50 = 0

B x 2 + y 2 − 17x + 19y + 50 = 0

C x 2 + y 2 + 17x − 19y + 50 = 0

D None of these
QUESTION

Prove that the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2ax + c 2 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2by + c 2 = 0 touch each

1 1 1
other if 2 + 2 =
a b c2
QUESTION KCLS

Prove the equation of a straight line meeting the circle x2 + y2 = a2 in 2 points at equal
d2
distance 'd' from the point (x1, y1) on its circumference is xx1 + yy1 − a2 + = 0.
2
QUESTION

Prove that the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 will bisect the circumference of the
circle x 2 + y 2 + 2g ′ x + 2f ′ y + c′ = 0 if 2g′(g − g) + 2f′(f − f′) = c − c′.
QUESTION TAH 04

Find the locus of the centre of circles which bisect the circumference of the circles
x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 1 = 0.
QUESTION [JEE Advanced 2023 (Paper 2)]

Let C1 be the circles of radius 1 with center at the origin. Let C2 be the circle of radius r
with center tat the point A = (4, 1), where 1 < r < 3. Two distinct common tangents PQ
and ST of C1 and C2 are drawn. The tangent PQ touches C1 at P and C2 at Q. The tangent
ST touches C1 at S and C2 at T. Mid points of the line segments PQ and ST are joined to
form a line which meets the x-axis at a point B. If AB = 5, then the value of r2 is:
QUESTION KCLS

Lines 𝑙x + my + n = 0; px + qy + r = 0 intersects the circle

x 2 + y 2 + 2g1 x + 2f1 y + c1 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2g 2 x + 2f2 y + c2 = 0
at 4 points A, B, C and D respectively. If these points are concyclic then prove that
2 g1 − g 2 2 f1 − f2 c1 − c2
l m n = 0.
p q r
QUESTION TAH 05

Find the equation of a circle which passes through origin and through the point of
contact of the tangents drawn from the origin to the circle x2 + y2 – 11x + 13y +17 = 0.

Ans. 2x2 + 2y2 – 11x + 13y = 0

QUESTION

Find the equation of a circle passing through the origin if the line pair,
xy − 3x + 2y − 6 = 0 is orthogonal to it. If this circle is orthogonal to the circle
x 2 + y 2 − kx + 2ky − 8 = 0 then find the value of k.
QUESTION TAH 06

Find the equation of a circle which touches the line x + y = 5 at the point (–2, 7) and
cuts the circle x 2 + y 2 + 4x − 6y + 9 = 0 orthogonally.

Ans.  = 3, x 2 + y 2 + 7x − 11y + 38 = 0
QUESTION TAH 07

Find the radical centre of circles

x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 2y + 1 = 0,
x 2 + y 2 − x + 6y + 5 = 0
and x 2 + y 2 + 5x − 8y + 15 = 0.
Also find the equation of the circle cutting them orthogonally.

Ans. 3, 2 , (x − 3)2 + (y − 2)2 = 27

QUESTION

Prove that the 2 circles which passes through the 2 point (0, a) and (0, –a) and touches
the straight line y = mx + d will cuts orthogonally if d2 = a2(2 + m2).
QUESTION

1. Consider a △ ABC with sides AB and AC having the equations L1 = 0 and L2 = 0.

Let the centroid, orthocentre and circumcentre of the △ ABC are G, H and S
respectively. L = 0 denotes the equation of sides BC.
(a) If L1 : 2x − y = 0 and L2 : x + y = 3 and G(2, 3) then find the slope of the line L = 0.
(b) If L1 : 2x + y = 0 and L2 : x − y + 2 = 0 and H(2, 3) then find the y-intercept of L = 0.
(c) If L1 : x + y − 1 = 0 and L2 : 2x − y + 4 = 0 and S(2, 1) then find the x-intercept of
the line L = 0.
Ans. (a) 5, (b) 2, (c) 3/2
20
1 2 1 2 1
2. If R n = 1+ 1− + 1+ 1 + , where n≥ 1, then ෍ is equal to
n n n=1 Rn
[Ans. 7]
QUESTION

1. The angle between the two tangents from the origin to the circle
2 (x − e)2 + (y + π)2 = π2 + e2 equals
π π π π
(A) (B) (C) (D) [Ans. C]
4 3 2 6

2. Tangents are drawn from the point (2, 3) to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 9, then
Statement I: Tangents are mutually perpendicular.
Statement II: Locus of point of intersection of perpendicular tangents is x2 + y2 = 18.
Given statements are:
(A) TT (B) TF (C) FT (D) FF [Ans. C]

3. A circle is drawn touching the x-axis and centre at the point which is the reflection
of (a, b) in the line y − x = 0. The equation of the circle is
(A) x 2 + y 2 − 2bx − 2ay + a2 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − 2bx − 2ay + b2 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 − 2ax − 2by + b2 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − 2ax − 2by + a2 = 0 [Ans. B]
QUESTION

4. The co-ordinates of the point from where the tangents are drawn to the circles
x 2 + y 2 = 1, x 2 + y 2 + 8x + 15 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 10y + 24 = 0 are of same length,
are
5 5 5 5 [Ans. B]
(A) 2, (B) −2, − (C) −2, (D) 2, −
2 2 2 2

5. The locus of the middle points of chords of the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 6y − 10 = 0

which passes through the origin, is
(A) x 2 + y 2 + x + 3y = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − x + 3y = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 + x − 3y = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 − x − 3y = 0 [Ans. D]

6. Pair of tangents are drawn from every point on the line 3x + 4y = 12 on the circle
x 2 + y 2 = 4. Their variable chord of contact always passes through a fixed point
whose co-ordinates are
4 3 3 3 4
(A) , (B) , (C) 1, 1 (D) 1, [Ans. D]
3 4 4 4 3
QUESTION

7. The locus of the centres of the circles such that the point (2, 3) is the mid point of
the chord 5x + 2y = 16 is
(A) 2x − 5y + 11 = 0 (B) 2x + 5y − 11 = 0
(C) 2x + 5y + 11 = 0 (D) None of these [Ans. A]

8. The equation of the circle having the lines y 2 − 2y + 4x − 2xy = 0 as its normals
and passing through the point (2, 1) is
(A) x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 4y + 3 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 4y − 5 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 4y − 13 = 0 (D) None of these [Ans. A]

9. The equation of the common chord of the circles

(x − a)2 + (y − b)2 = c 2 and (x − b)2 + (y − a)2 = c 2 is
(A) x − y = 0 (B) x + y = 0
(C) x + y = a2 + b2 (D) x − y = a2 − b2 [Ans. A]
QUESTION

10. Length of the common chord of the circles

x 2 + y 2 + 5x + 7y + 9 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 7x + 5y + 9 = 0 is
(A) 9 (B) 8 (C) 7 (D) 6 [Ans. D]

11. The equation of radical axis of the circles

2x 2 + 2y 2 − 7x = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 4y − 7 = 0 is
(A) 7x + 8y + 14 = 0 (B) 7x − 8y + 14 = 0
(C) 7x − 8y − 14 = 0 (D) −7x − 8y + 14 = 0 [Ans. C]

12. The radical centre of the circles

x 2 + y 2 − 16x + 60 = 0, x 2 + y 2 − 12x + 27 = 0, x 2 + y 2 − 12y + 8 = 0 is
33 33 33 33 20
(A) 13, (B) , – 13 (C) , 13 (D) ,
4 4 4 4 3 [Ans. D]
QUESTION

13. The two circles x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 6y + 6 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 5x + 6y + 15 = 0 touch

each other. The equation of their common tangent is
(A) x = 3 (B) y = 6
(C) 7x − 12y − 21 = 0 (D) 7x + 12y + 21 = 0 [Ans. A]

14. Circles x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 4y = 0 and x 2 + y 2 − 8y − 4 = 0

(A) Touch each other internally
(B) Touch each other externally
(C) Cuts each other at two points
(D) Cuts each other more than two points [Ans. A]