© 2020 JETIR May 2020, Volume 7, Issue 5 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF MULTISTORY

BUILDING USING ETABS WITH
COMPARISON OF RESPONSE SPECTRUM
METHOD AND TIME HISTORY METHOD
Kusuma.S Dr. E. Ramesh Babu
PG Student, M Tech Associate Professor
Dept of Civil Engineering Dept of Civil Engineering
Ghousia College of Engineering Ghousia College of Engineering
Ramanagaram Ramanagaram
Abstract: - Most of the buildings were damaged further horizontal expansion is not possible due to
and collapse during in strong earthquake hence we unavailability of space, so the only solution is
will have to confirm safety against the earthquake vertical expansion. After an earthquake occurs it
force that are affecting the structure, and determine
causes great damage due to unpredictable seismic
seismic responses of such building.
motion striking & when the height of building is
The present work deals with the analysis of increased the wind load effect also acts on building.
multistorey building subjected to seismic condition. This causes major loss of life with a more casualties
In addition to the dead load and live load, the therefore such structures need to be analyzed and
seismic loads are applied and analysis is carried
designed properly before constructing.
out. In the present scenario, a structure of situated
in Bangalore is considered for analysis which Different earthquake have different intensities,
consists of a ground floor upto tenth floor. The
different magnitude at different place and in this
analysis is carried out for seismic zone -2. The
building model are analyzed using IS1893-2002 place the destruction causes are also different.
recommended Response spectrum method and Time Therefore it is very important to study the seismic
history method. Time history analysis is significant behavior of RC structure for different function in
technique for structural seismic analysis terms of responses such as Base shear, storey
particularly when evaluated structural response is displacement etc. Seismic analysis is needed to
nonlinear. In Time history analysis, earthquake calculate the seismic response of the building,
data from previous earthquake (EL Centro 1940) is
seismic analysis is part of the process of structural
taken. Study focuses to evaluate two important
parameters which are (a) Base shear and (b) design where earthquakes are prevalent.
maximum deflection. Analysis has been carried out
using E-Tabs software. The E-Tabs software has
been adopted as with its new features surpassed its
predecessors with its data sharing for analysis and
design. Based on result it is found that the base
shear obtain from RSM is slightly higher compared
to THM, and also storey deflection is more in
Response spectrum method than Time history
method.
Keywords: Seismic analysis, Response spectrum
method and Time history method.

1. INTRODUCTION

As our country is the fastest growing country

across the globe so the need of shelter for highly
populated cities where the cost of land is high and
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excitation at every instant of time, various seismic
data are necessary to carry out the seismic analysis
i.e. acceleration, velocity, displacement data etc.,
which can be easily procured from seismograph
data analysis for any particular earthquake. It is an
important technique for structural seismic analysis
especially when the evaluated structural response is
nonlinear.

1.3 About E-TABS Software:

E-Tabs is an engineering software product that
caters to multi-storey building analysis and design.
Modeling tools and templates, code-based load
prescriptions, analysis methods and solution
techniques, all coordinate with the grid-like
geometry unique to this class of structure. Basic or
advanced systems under static or dynamic
conditions may be evaluated using E-Tabs. it
provides an unequaled suite of tools for structural
engineers designing buildings, whether they are
working on one-storey industrial structures or the
tallest commercial high-rises. Immensely capable,
Fig. 1. Example of sesismic force affected on yet easy-to-use, has been the hallmark of E-Tabs
building. since its introduction decades ago, and this latest
release continues that tradition by providing
1.1 Response Spectrum Analysis: engineers with the technologically-advanced, yet
intuitive, software they require to be their most
This method is derived from time history productive
analysis. A designer is not often bothered about the
Advantages of E-tabs Software:
structure’s response at every instance of time,
maximum response is enough information to design 1. E-Tabs allows user for graphic input and
adequately strong structure. In this method graph modification for the sake of easy and quick model
between maximum spectral acceleration and various creation for any type of structure.
time period of structure is prepared for some ground
acceleration and structures response at every 2. Creation of 3D model with the utilization of plan
instance of time is not calculated. Response views and elevations,3D model of any kind of
spectrum method, it is the linear dynamic analysis complex structure can be created easily.
method. This method involves the calculation of
only the maximum values of displacements and 3. With the help of similar storey concept creation
member forces in each mode of vibration. This of 3D model is very easy and quicker. If the storeys
method uses smooth design spectra that are the are similar then the model generation time can be
average of several earthquake motions. Different reduced multiple time through similar storey
earthquake will have different response spectra but concept.
for ease of structural engineer IS 1893:2002 has 4. Editing of model is very easy. Moving any object
given a generalpurpose response spectra which is from one position to other, combining two or more
derived by considering few big earthquakes from objects using merge commond, making the similar
past. object using mirror command and make copy of any
object in the same level of different storey level.
1.2 Time History Analysis:
5. To analyse and design slab with any shape and
Time history analysis provides for linear or mat foundations E-Tabs is integrated with safe
non linear evalution of dynamic structural response allowing you to complete analysis and design of
under loading which may vary according to the any type of slab.
specified time function. Intial conditions may be set
by continuing the structural state from the end of
the previous analysis. This method calculates
response of structure subjected to earthquake
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Procedure for Analysis and Design Building by wind speed and wind angle in X, X1, Z & Z1
Etabs: directions as 0, 180, 90, 270 respectively.

The procedure carried out for Modeling and Step 9: Assigning of Seismic loads
analyzing the structure involves the followings Seismic loads are defined and assigned as per IS
Step1: Create the Grid points and Generation of 1893: 2002(Indian code) by giving the details of
structure After getting opened the program, select a zone, soil type, and response reduction factor in X
new model and a window appears where we had and Y directions.
entered the details of grid dimensions and storey Step 10: Assigning of load combinations
dimensions of our building. Here the program had
generated 2D and 3D structure by specifying the Load combinations are given based on IS 875 1987
building details in the following two windows PART 5 (Indian code) using load combinations
command in define menu
Step 2: Define property
Step 11: Analysis After the completed all the above
After created the grids, start to define the material steps, now performed the analysis and check all the
property by selecting define menu material errors.
properties (define concrete and steel
reinforcements). After that define section properties 2. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
(beams, columns, slabs, and wall) by giving the
specified details in defining. After that we define 1.To make the building earthquake resistant against
section size by selecting frame sections as shown seismic effect.
below and added the required section for beams,
columns etc. 2.To study the behavior of multi storey building in
various seismic zone 2.
Step 3: Assigning of Property
3.Analysis of multi-storey building subjected to all
After defining the property for materials and possible loading conditions including seismic load
section properties, now draw the structural and to see that structure is safe against those loading
components using command menu → Draw line for conditions.
beam and create columns in region for columns by
which property assigning is completed for beams 4.To analysis storey drift, displacement, shear,
and columns sections. storey stiffness,model period & frequency on
different storeys.
Step 4: Assigning of Supports
After drawing the details of building (beams,
columns, slabs, wall), now assigned the supports by 3. MODELLING
going to assign menu →joint\frame →Restraints Generally, a building consist of slabs,
(supports) →fixed. beams, columns and foundation and the load
Step 5: Defining of loads transfer in the structures is in the same order finally
structure resisting on soil (depends on S.B.C). In
The loads in ETABS program are defined as using this building consisting of basement, a ground floor
static load cases command in define menu. and upper floors. It also has 3 staircases and 3 open
well for lift. The height of each storey is considered
Step 6: Assigning of Dead loads as 3 meters. The building description is briefly
shown in Table 1 and the materials used are
After defining all the loads, dead loads are assigned depicted in Table 2.
for external walls and internal walls.
Table 1. Design Data
Step 7: Assigning of Live loads Live loads are
assigned for the entire structure including floor No. of storey 10
finishing.
Height of each storey 3 meters
Step 8: Assigning of wind loads Slab thickness 175 mm
Beam dimension 200 x 450mm
Wind loads are defined and assigned as per IS 875
1987 PART 3 (Indian code) by giving the value of Column dimensions, C1 200 x 450 mm
Column dimensions, C2 230 mm
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Thickness of wall 200 mm

Support conditions Fixed

Table 2. Material properties

Grade of concrete M30, fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel Fe415, fy = 415 N/mm2
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3
Modulus of elasticity of 5000 Sqr(fck) N/mm2
concrete
Density of steel 78.5 KN/m3
Modulus of elasticity of 2 x 105 N/mm2
steel

4. ANALYSIS
4.1 Loading Calculations and its Details
The following loads were considered while
analysing the building model in the Etab Software.

 Dead loads – 11.8 kN/m for outer wall and

inner walls and 1kN/m on slabs.
 Live loads – 3 kN/m on slabs.
 Seismic loads- Seismic zone: II (Z=0.24),
Soil type: II, Importance factor: 1, Response
reduction factor: 5, Damping: 5%.

4.2 Load combinations

The structure is analysed considering proper
ratios of the applied dead loads, live loads and
seismic loads. The Load combinations are given in
IS 1893 (part-1):2002 which has been presented in
Table 3. As the seismic loads are assigned in both X
and Y direction so ELX and ELY should be
considered.

Table 3. Load Combinations

SL. No Loads Factors

1 Dead Load 1.5
Live Load 1.5
2 Dead Load 1.2
Live Load 1.2
Seismic Load (X-Dir) ±1.2
3 Dead Load 1.2
Live Load 1.2
Seismic Load (Y- Dir) ±1.2
4 Dead Load 1.5
Seismic Load (X- Dir) ±1.5

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5 Dead Load 1.5

Seismic Load (Y- Dir) ±1.5
6 Dead Load 0.9
Seismic Load (X- Dir) ±1.5
7 Dead Load 0.9
Seismic Load (Y- Dir) ±1.5

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5. Experimental Results of Response Spectrum

Analysis

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6. Experimental Results of Time History Analysis

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7. Discussion

 Top displacement values of time history

analysis are lesser than the displacement
value of response spectrum analysis.

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 For important structure time history method (Department of Civil Engineering, Sandipani
should be used over response analysis as it Technical Campus Faculty of Engineering,
predicts structure behavior more accurately. SRTMUN University, Latur, Maharashtra),
published-5 May 2017, International Journal of
 Difference in structure displacement is very Engineering and Computer Science.
small in lower stories in both the methods
results predicts almost same for lower [4]. Yash Kumar K. Jain, V. Naga Sri Nikhil
stories. “Analysis of a commercial building using
 Difference in structural displacement by ETABS” Department of Civil Engineering K L
both methods become large for higher University, Andhra Pradesh, India, published- 4
April 2017, International Journal of Civil
stories only.
Engineering and Technology (IJCIET).
 Time history method is accurate but very
resource consuming, on the other hand [5]. Prakriti Chandrakar, Dr. P. S. Bokare
response spectrum is quick but marginally “Earthquake Analysis of G+10 Building using
uneconomical. Response Spectrum Method and Time History
Method - A Comparison” Department of Civil
8. Conclusion Engineering RSR Rungta Collage of Engineering
and Technology, Bhilai (C.G), India, published- 8,
 By use of Response spectrum method will August 2017, International Journal of Science and
get higher base shear value 2% and higher Research (IJSR).
displacement value 15 to 25% when
compare to Time history.
 Time history methods results depends
heavily on earthquake excitation so a
number of various earthquakes of varying
intensities should be taken and maximum of Author Profile:
these should be considered. Kusuma.S
 Based on this study it can be concluded that PG student MTec
use of time history method will give Dept of Civil Engineering
reasonable value when compare to response Ghousia College of Engineering
spectrum method. Time history method Ramanagaram
should be prefered whenever detailed
Author Profile:
analysis is required but response spectrum is
Dr. E. Ramesh Babu
not a bad approximation. Response
Associate Professor
spectrum method gives fairly accurate
Dept of Civil Engineering
results.
Ghousia College of Engineering
Ramanagaram
9.References

[1]. N R Shwetha, Naveen, Pampanna Moolimani,

S Naveen kumar, Mahesh Sajjan “Analysis and
design of multi storey building subjected to
seismic load using E-tabs” (Department of Civil
Engineering, RYMEC Ballari), published-6 June
2019, (IRJET).

[2]. Ali Kadhim Sallal “Design and analysis ten

storied building using ETABS software-2016”
Department of Hydraulic Structures, College of
Water Resource Engineering, Iraq, published- 2
May 2018, (IJRAET).

[3]. Sayyed A. Ahad, Hashmi S Afzal, Pathan

Tabrej, Shaikh Ammar, Shaikh Vikhar, Shivaji
Bidve “Analysis and design of multistorey
apartment building using ETABS” India
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