Republic of the Philippines
NEGROS ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
Bais City, Campus 2
COLLAGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
First Semester (2025-2026)
Bachelor of Elementary Education – First Year
This handout is designed to provide you with a knowledge base and actual learning experience.
You will be enabled to actively learn the contents of this resource. Furthermore, this handout was
developed as a requirement by the development team for their Philippine History. Every effort
has been made to acknowledge the original sources through references.
If you encounter any difficulty in understanding the tasks in this handout please don’t hesitate to
consult the leader of this group. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that you
will get through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Made In: Negros Oriental State University (NORSU) Bais Campus II
Instructor: Ms. Kizzha Godinez
Group 1 Members:
Academia, Leah
Agos, Honey Hazel
Aseñas, Jomar
Baldomar, Heart Minguito
Broniola, James Justin
Cabcaban, Sarah Jane
“CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF SELECTED
PRIMARY SOURCES IN THE PHILIPPINE HISTORY”
Learning Objectives
To familiarize oneself with the primary documents in different historical periods of the
Philippines.
To learn history through primary sources.
To properly interpret primary sources through examining the content and context of the
document.
To understand the context behind each selected document.
I. Brief Summary of The First Voyage Around the World by Magellan by Antonio Pigafetta
A. Sought westward route to the Spice Islands
- Crossed the Atlantic Ocean and navigated the strait of Magellan.
- Traveled across the Pacific Ocean and reached the Philippines.
- Documented encounters and interactions with indigenous peoples.
B. First circumnavigation of the world
- Expanded European knowledge of global navigation and geography.
- Preserved cultural and ethnographic information about indigenous Communities.
C. Admired Magellan's leadership, courage and vision
- Highlighted the hardships, challenges and risks faced during the voyage.
- Emphasized the significance of discoveries for trade, exploration and human knowledge.
II. The KKK and the "Kartilya ng Katipunan"
A. - (Guidebook for Katipuneros) (14 moral teaching) (Focus on patriotism and respect) (Written
during Spanish rule) (Shaped discipline and courage)
B. (Moral foundation of Katipunan) (promoted Unity and loyalty) (Revolution as moral struggle)
(Freedom tied to justice and equality) Inspires nationalism today
C. Freedom requires morality, Patriotism means sacrifice, condemns selfishness and corruption,
Promotes equality and service and Independence as moral renewal.
III. Reading the "Proclamation of the Philippine Independence”
A. On June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite, Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence.
- Ambrosio Bautista read the declaration to the people
- The Philippine flag was raised and the national anthem played.
B. Marked the birth of the Filipino nation.
- Aguinaldo became the first President
- Inspired patriotism and the celebration of Independence Day.
C. The author asserts the Philippines is truly independent.
- Emphasizes unity, courage and patriotism.
- Shows that freedom comes through sacrifice and struggle.
IV. A Glance at Selected Philippine Political Caricature In Alfred Mccoy's Philippine
Cartoons: Political Caricature Of The American Era (1900-1941)
A. Medium of critique: Used satire, humor and exaggeration to address social and political
issues.
Key theme: Focused on colonial authority, social inequalities and political leaders.
ARTISTIC TECHNIQUE: Employed symbolism and caricature to communicate messages
clearly.
B. Historical Importance of the text.
Reflection of society: Showed Filipino life and struggles under American rule.
Public engagement: Made political issues accessible, encouraging discussion.
Historical documentation: Provided evidence of early 20th-Century political and social climate.
C. Examination of the Author's main argument and point of view.
ADVOCACY for reform: cartoons promoted social and political change
CRITIQUE of power: Highlighted corruption and abuses of authority.
Expression of sentiment: Reflected Filipino struggles, hopes, and Resistance.
V. Revisiting Corazon Aquino's Speech before the U.S Congress
A. Personal Narrative: Recounted her husband's assassination and the People Power
Revolution.
- Democratic Transition: Highlighted the Philippines shift to democracy.
- Appeal for support: Requested U.S assistance for economic aid and stability.
B. Legitimacy of Government: Strengthened Aquino's administration domestically and
internationally.
- Restoration of Democracy: Symbolized the return of democratic governance after dictatorship
- Bilateral Relations: Reinforced Philippines-U.S. relations and cooperations.
C. Advocacy for Democracy: Promoted democratic values and reforms.
- Call for Assistance: Urged international support for stability and development.
- Acknowledgement of challenges: Recognized economic and political challenges while
expressing confidence in the nation.
