Chapter 10: Mass-Storage
Systems
Operating System Concepts – 9th Edition Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2013
Chapter 10: Mass-Storage Systems
● Overview of Mass Storage Structure
● Disk Structure
● Disk Attachment
● Disk Scheduling
● Disk Management
● Swap-Space Management
● RAID Structure
● Stable-Storage Implementation
Operating System Concepts – 9th Edition 10.2 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2013
Objectives
● To describe the physical structure of secondary storage devices
and its effects on the uses of the devices
● To explain the performance characteristics of mass-storage
devices
● To evaluate disk scheduling algorithms
● To discuss operating-system services provided for mass
storage, including RAID
Operating System Concepts – 9th Edition 10.3 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2013
Overview of Mass Storage Structure
● Magnetic disks provide bulk of secondary storage of modern computers
● Drives rotate at 60 to 250 times per second
● Transfer rate is rate at which data flow between drive and computer
● Positioning time (random-access time) is time to move disk arm to
desired cylinder (seek time) and time for desired sector to rotate
under the disk head (rotational latency)
● Head crash results from disk head making contact with the disk
surface -- That’s bad
● Disks can be removable
● Drive attached to computer via I/O bus
● Busses vary, including EIDE, ATA, SATA, USB, Fibre Channel,
SCSI, SAS, Firewire
● Host controller in computer uses bus to talk to disk controller built
into drive or storage array
Operating System Concepts – 9th Edition 10.4 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2013
Moving-head Disk Mechanism
Operating System Concepts – 9th Edition 10.5 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2013