International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

ISSN: 2277-3878 (Online), Volume-10 Issue-2, July 2021

Safety Road Travelling System with Connected

Vehicles
B. Perumal, E. Naveen Kumar, P. Deepthi, K. Bhavana

Abstract: Now a days we had seen so many Road accident The communication takes place between the two
cases are occurring and also increasing day by day. According to connected vehicles through wireless network module. The
the statics of World Health Organization (WHO) 20-50 billion approximate range of this is 900-1000 meters. This device
people were losing their life due to these accidents. To avoid these used 4-5 GHZ band for the communication purpose in
problems we came up with a proposed system called connected
Vehicles. These connected vehicles are not only used for
vehicles. Vehicle to Vehicle communication is a wireless
broadcast that transmits the data between the connected vehicles. communication purpose but also provides tracking the
The main motive of this connected vehicles is safe travelling surface of road infrastructure to avoid the crashes. In
without any obstacles between the vehicles. Road accidents are connected vehicles by using Global Navigation Satellite
the serious issues for human life for both individuals as well as System (GNSS) we track the Vehicle position and also
the economic aspects. So our proposed system “Connected gather the nearer vehicles position. It also tracks the vehicle
Vehicles” will reduce the accident cases by communicating with speed, location through GPS and accelerometer sensor.
the nearer vehicles and shares the necessary information While driving a vehicle, crash disclosure plays an critical
regarding the accidents cases to nearer vehicles. occupation in independent driving and for the driver. This
Keywords: Connected Vehicles, Road accidents (key words)
paper gives an integrative method to bargain speed and
course area which expects to be basically pretty much as
I. INTRODUCTION
essential as possible to engage the steady computation while
having the choice to change in accordance with an
E very year a thousand of people losing their life de to arrangement of road and metropolitan circumstances on
these accident cases. Accident cases are the biggest issues different conditions. In this work, we complete a sign based
which we are facing now a days. Only in India over 1,50,112 forward sway notice system and a staggering vehicle
people were killed among 4,21,423 people, an average of disclosure structure. The forward crash notice structure
412 people were died per day and per every hour 17 people expects to perceive various vehicles driving before the host
were losing their lives. So many technologies were vehicle while overpowering to evade the possible car
implemented to avoid these problems to control the accident accidents. Of course, the unparalleled vehicle ID structure is
cases but still we are facing the same issues. Now a days we to distinguish various vehicles behind or on the host vehicle
had a latest technology implemented in such a way that every to give an alert to the driver when the vehicle begins
moment will sense by many kinds of sensors. By using these overpowering. Preliminary outcomes are given real scene.
kinds of sensors, we proposed a system which works based The introduction evaluation has shown the practicality of
on the wireless network communication. Wireless thefuture strategies.
communication is the method which helps to connect the We are using Arduino uno which is a microcontroller
vehicles and allows to transmit the data as well as receives based on the ATMegha328. Arduino uno is flexible for
the data. By using these network modules wee implement a using both the software and the hardware by connecting it
system called connected vehicles. Connected vehicles is a through a cable. Arduino Integrated Development
technology used to avoid the vehicles crashing and provide a Environment is the software part in which we write the
safety application for the drivers. programming part in c. It write the Program in Arduino IDE
and upload the program in the Arduino board which helps
to communicate with each other. Ultrasonic sensor will
interface with this Arduino board. Ultrasonic sensor is a
Manuscript received on May 24, 2021. device that measures the distance between the vehicles. It
Revised Manuscript received on May 31, 2021. provides a safety travel for the drivers without occurring of
Manuscript published on July 30, 2021. any obstacles in between the vehicles. Ultrasonic sensors
* Correspondence Author
Dr. B. Perumal, Associate Professor, Department of ECE,
will sense the ultrasound waves. Generally it emits the
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Tamil Nadu-626 126, ultrasonic sound waves and then it get an electrical signal as
India. Email: [email protected] a reflected waves. The feature of this ultrasonic sensor is,
E. Naveen Kumar, Department of ECE, Kalasalingam Academy of the ultrasonic waves traves faster than the normal audible
Research Research and Education, Tamil Nadu-626 126, India. Email: sound waves. So when two vehicles comer nearer to the
[email protected]
another then ultrasonic sensor sense the signal waves and
P. Deepthi, Department of ECE, Kalasalingam Academy of Research
Research and Education, Tamil Nadu-626 126, India. Email: provide the alert messages that a vehicle is approaching
[email protected] nearer to your vehicle. The nRF24Lo1 module is interface
K. Bhavana*, Department of ECE, Kalasalingam Academy of with Arduino uno which helps to transmit and receives the
Research Research and Education, Tamil Nadu-626 126, India. Email: data. Two vehicles can communicate the data by using
[email protected] nRF24L01 module.
© The Authors. Published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and
Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC
BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Published By:
Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B59950710221 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B5995.0710221 and Sciences Publication
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org 56 © Copyright: All rights reserved.
 Safety Road Travelling System with Connected Vehicles

The nRF24L01 is a wireless module which connects the Base station with vehicular ad hoc network they created a
two Arduino boards. When we have more than on e communication between the Road side Units(RSUs).
Arduino board nR24fL01 plays an important role which Through that they can identify the road accident cases and
helps to communicate with two or more Arduino boards. It send the alert messages[]. Zhu Nanhao et.al was proposed a
can communicate a long distances in an open source. system called management energy system for wireless
Accelerometer sensor used to know the speed of the vehicle network modules. This remote networks utilizes nRF24L01
if the speed is more than the normal exit speed which we module methods for the data transmission and it also
given a limit in the coding part then it indicates an alert receives the data and gather the information and utilizes. At
messages. The ultrasonic sensor is coded in such a way that last they concluded that the more number of sensors can
if any vehicle come nearer to the another vehicle less than send and collect the information through any vehicles by
2cm then it indicates an alert messages but at the same time using these nRF24L01 module and send and receives the
if vibrational sensor senses any vibrations then immediately data from nearer vehicles and passes the information to
it send the information to the Arduino board. The Arduino Arduino Board and as well as receives the data.
board passed the information to the nRF24L01 that send the
information to nearer vehicles through GPS and GSM III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
module it send the information to the registered mobile
numbers, nearer hospitals. The proposed system consist of different module which
interface with each other such as Arduino uno, ultrasonic
sensors, nRF24L01 module, vibrational sensor, GPS and
II. PREVIOUS WORKS
GSM modules which are interfacing with each other.
Syed Amaar Ahmad, abolfazl Hajisami, Hariharan
Krishnan, Farid Ahmed-zaid, Ejsam Moradi-pari they
proposed a technique for the international automakes
through Dedicated short range communication(DSRC).
They focused on the basic safety messages, crash warnings.
By using the congestion that includes a lot of remote
vehicles that validaate and test any connected vehicles with
compliance standards. Such that they can demonstrate the
heavy congestion with in the 600ms they can track the
vehicle accuracy through that they implemented the vehicle
to vehicle communicaiton based on the system congestion
and performance[1]. Oyvind Risan, Evtim peytcher
proposed a protocol for communication between the
vehicles through urban traffic conditions. They proposed a
v2v communication protocol which can be able to find and
share the traffic condition statistics in an effective way.
This protocol was specially designed to collaborate the
traffic conditions to the urban people. This was equipped
with a self-conformation and self-directed behaviour. That
protocol will make the possibility for the nodes to realize
and know the exact location of the areas where specific
traffic lights exists. The proposed algorithm only have a A. Arduino uno
least load on wireless network modules[6]. A. Vanitha The Arduino Mega board was related with the distant
Kartherine, R. Muthymeenakshi, N. Vallilekha were correspondence module. In all of the vehicles we use
proposed a prototye for accidents avoidance for an Arduino Mega board and far off correspondence module
autonomous vehicles. They used a protocol Dedicated short (NRF24L01).It has 8 pins far off module. In the model
range communication(DSRC). By using RFID along with Arduino Mega board, NRF24L01 distant sensor module,
the WAP, GPS and GSM modules. They also provided ultrasonic sensor is fixed. Ultrasonic sensor used in the
services like email, video sharing to communicate with the vehicle to stop startlingly when a human or any other
vehicles and Vehicles-to- Infrastructure. Vehicle to obstacles occurs. The essential task of V2V correspondence
infrastructure provides a communication between the Road- development is to propel the message between the vehicles.
side units(RSUs) and vehicle to vehicle (V2V). They can The V2V structure enables correspondence between the
communicate only through Road side units(RSUs) and vehicles though most of the correspondence is information
combined with GPS and as well as WAP. Through these being imparted starting with one vehicle then onto the next.
they are providing a safety messages regarsing accident Each manage certain different signs, for instance, vehicles
cases[11].Mohamed el Zorkany, they proposed a system position, rapidity, need course etc., Arduino integrated
based on the internet of things(IOT) that iot became an development environment is the software part of our
essential aspect today form day to day in our life. Based on proposed system in which the coding is present with
the Internet of thing(IOT) they implemented a system that embedded c.
prevent the road accident cases by using Road side
units(RSUs) through Dedicated short range
communication(DSRC) they created a communication
between the Vehicles. They focuses mainly on the
Intelligent – transportation System(ITS). With the help of

Published By:
Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B59950710221 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B5995.0710221 and Sciences Publication
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org 57 © Copyright: All rights reserved.
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878 (Online), Volume-10 Issue-2, July 2021

B. Ultrasonic Sensor sends and receives the data. By using both GPS and GSM
Ultrasonic sensor is a device which is used to measure module we can know the exact position of the host vehicle
the distance between two things. It measures the distance by if any sudden accident happens then GSM module will send
emitting the ultrasound waves and receives an electrical the information to the registered mobile number regarding
signal. The range of ultrasonic sensor is 40-70 KHz which the accidents.
is used most widely. It can measures upto 13 feet (400 cm) E. Vibrating sensor
range that can sense and measures the distance. In this the
Vibrating sensor which is also known as a piezo electric
ultrasonic sensor interface with Arduino board, when a
sensor provides an electric signal proportional to
vehicle approaches nearer to another vehicle less than 2cm
acceleration. Accelerometer produces the acceleration then
then it sends an alert message to the host of the vehicle
it converts the signal into velocity. Vibrating sensor can
drives that displayed on the LCD. Because the ultrasonic
sense the fluctuating accelerations. So when an accident
sensor can sense above the human hearing range so that it
takes place it sense the fluctuations. When ultrasonic sensor
can detect the obstacle caused by the vehicle drivers
sense that a vehicle is approaching less than 2cm to another
easily and send and alert messages for drivers to maintain a
vehicle at the same time the vibrating sensor sense the
distance between the vehicles.
fluctuations then it can confirmed that an accident takes
C. NRF24LO1 Module place. Those information sends to Arduino board then
The nRF24L01 is a wireless chip radio transceiver Arduino passes information to nRF24L01 as well as GPS
module which is used to transmit the data as well as and GSM modules then they sent messages to registered
receives the data through wireless communication. mobile numbers and nearby vehicles. Through these the
According to worldwide ISM band its range is 2.4-2.5 vehiclesconnected to each other.
GHZ. When we are using more than one Arduino board it F. Display output
helps to communicate with another Arduino board through
In case the two vehicles are pair it shows that whatever
that they can share the information easily. In our proposed
rules that the vehicle required feature. It shows the
system these nRF24L01 play a major role to connect the
information from our vehicle to the following consolidated
two vehicles. By using these nRF24L01 module we
vehicle. If are outperforming the vehicle also be appeared
transmit the data and receives the data regarding the
on Displacer. It also alerts the host vehicle driver and send
accident cases. It will send the messages to nearer vehicles
messages to registered mobile numbers.
when an accident happens.
G. Safety Applications
By using MIT application maker programming we make
an .apk archive. Inside the .apk record we arranged left,
right, front, back, stop controls. In MIT application planner,
we pair an elective which was consolidated to the Bluetooth
. This program was made by using a simple C
programming. In this application, we can join a device
simply far off of 10 meter range. We can add the trap of the
web to this suggests, we can deal with our contraption from
any spots. When a vehicle came nearer another vehicle then
this simple direction will indicated to the host of the vehicle
driver through LCD display it like a basic safety messaging
system with advanced technology approach for safe driving.

D. GPS AND GSM Module

Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based
system which provides an exact location. Global System for
Mobile Communication (GSM) module is a wireless
module network which is used to send and receives the data
through a fixed mobile number. Through radio waves it
Published By:
Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B59950710221 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B5995.0710221 and Sciences Publication
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org 58 © Copyright: All rights reserved.
 Safety Road Travelling System with Connected Vehicles

an ultrasonic sensor senses the vehicle that present less than

2cm to another vehicle at the same time the vibrating
sensor sense any vibration then immediately the
information sends to Arduino board through nRF24Lo1
network module they transmit or Receives the data
regarding the accident issues. By using GPS and GSM
module they track the exact position of the vehicle and
send the alert messages to register mobile number that they
need help and send the information to nearer hospital. This
is how our proposed system helps to reduce most of the
accident cases.

Figure 5. Output of transmitted data.

Here we can see the flow chat for nRF24L01 that
transmit and receives the data when a particular accident
takes place. When a vehicel 1 receives or transmit the
information regarding any accidents cased it will display on
the LCD screen of the opposite vehcile and also transmit or
receives the information regarding the crash issues or
accident cases. Finally all the inforamtion gather by the
nRF24Lo1and sent the data to Arduino uno and that will
send the alert messages to the registered mobile numbers.
Through this wireless network modules we will send all the
data as well as receives any type of data and can
communicate withconnected vehicles.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fig 6. Output for Receiver data when accidents takes
place

This is the results of the prototype of the project which

shows the emergency alert messages which are connected to
the nearer vehicles. Nrf24Lo1 module is used to transmit
the data as well as receives the data so when an accident
takes place Nrf24lo1 module sends the information to
Arduino board that passes the information through nearer
vehicles with the help of GSM and GPS module which used
to track the exact position of the Vehicle.
When there is no accident it will be in normal state such
as it shows nothing accident occurs. When an accident
takes places then it indicates Accident happen please help
so that the nearer Vehicles can rescue them.
Figure 4. Shows the hardware part of connected vehicle
in which Arduino uno interfacing with the ultrasonic
sensor, Vibrating sensor, nRF24Lo1 module, GPS and
GSM module

This is the prototype of our proposed system that

Arduino uno interfacing with the ultrasonic sensor. When
Published By:
Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B59950710221 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B5995.0710221 and Sciences Publication
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org 59 © Copyright: All rights reserved.
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878 (Online), Volume-10 Issue-2, July 2021

V. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 2015.10.016.

14. Hao Chen, Hesham A. Rakha, Amara Loulizi, Ihab El-Shawarby
In this we created a communication between vehicle to and Mohammed H. Almannaa"Development and Preliminary Field
vehicle through wireless network modules. It is a set of Testing of an In-Vehicle Eco-Speed Control System in the Vicinity
of Signalized Intersections", IFAC (International Federation of
hardware implementation system that can contact near Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier 2016 PP 249-254.
vehicle and communicated necessary information and gives 15. Zhenwei Shi, Member, Zhengxia Zou, and Changshui Zhang,
an alert message when an accident takes place. So, in future Member," Real-Time Traffic Light Detection With Adaptive
it may implemented as a inbuilt function for the cars such Background Suppression Filter
"http://10.1109/TITS.2015.2481459.
that it may easily available for every people to use. And it
became a part of the autonomous Vehicles. AUTHORS PROFILE

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Ekasi Naveen Kumar Reddy, completed

Bachelor’s of Technology in a stream of Electronic
The author would like to acknowledge the technical and Communication Engineering in Kalasalingam
Academy of Research and Education which is
support of guide Dr.B.Perumal sir, Associate Professor in affiliated to Kalasalingam University in Tamil
Department of Electronic Communication and Engineering Nadu. I did Safety Road Travelling system with
in Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education. And connected vehicles project during my final year and
the area of research in VLSI and Embedded
also we thank for our Kalasalingam University for systems including Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence. During
supporting us on implementation of our project. research journey i published my journals in IEEE, SCOUPS. And I am
currently applied for springer, scopus indexed journals etc. During my
project I attended workshops related to Arduino based projects, Artificial
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Published By:
Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B59950710221 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B5995.0710221 and Sciences Publication
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org 60 © Copyright: All rights reserved.