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RDBMS Unit4

Unit 4 covers Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS), which organize data in tables using rows and columns based on relational algebra. Key features include primary and foreign keys, SQL for database management, and maintaining data integrity. It also discusses database concepts, types of keys, relationships between tables, and SQL commands for data definition.

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3 views1 page

RDBMS Unit4

Unit 4 covers Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS), which organize data in tables using rows and columns based on relational algebra. Key features include primary and foreign keys, SQL for database management, and maintaining data integrity. It also discusses database concepts, types of keys, relationships between tables, and SQL commands for data definition.

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cchauhansahab719
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 4 – RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)

UNIT 4 – RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)

1. Introduction

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a database management system that stores data in the form of rel
It uses rows and columns to represent and organize data.
It is based on relational algebra and the relational model introduced by E.F. Codd in 1970.
Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, SQLite.

2. Key Features of RDBMS

1. Data is organized into tables (relations).


2. Each table has rows (records) and columns (fields).
3. Primary Key ensures each row is unique.
4. Foreign Key is used to establish relationships between tables.
5. SQL (Structured Query Language) is used to manage and query the database.
6. Data Integrity is maintained through constraints like NOT NULL, UNIQUE, etc.
7. Supports transaction management, concurrency control, and data security.

3. Database Concepts

Table (Relation):
A table is a collection of related data entries.

Example:
Student_ID Name Age Department
101 Rahul 21 IT
102 Priya 22 CS
103 Amit 20 ECE

Tuple (Row):
A single record in a table.

Attribute (Column):
A field or property of a table.

4. Keys in RDBMS

Primary Key:
Uniquely identifies each row.
Cannot have NULL values.
Example: Student_ID in the Student table.

Foreign Key:
Establishes a relationship between two tables.
Example: Department_ID in the Student table referencing Department table.

Candidate Key:
All possible keys that can uniquely identify a record.

Composite Key:
A key made of two or more attributes to uniquely identify a record.

5. Relationships

1. One-to-One (1:1) – One record in Table A is related to one record in Table B.


2. One-to-Many (1:N) – One record in Table A is related to multiple records in Table B.
3. Many-to-Many (M:N) – Multiple records in Table A relate to multiple records in Table B.

6. SQL Commands

DDL – Data Definition Language


CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE

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