DMER Laboratory Assistant – Exam Notes
Part 1: Logical Ability
Aptitude Test
• Series completion (numbers, alphabets, missing numbers)
• Analogy (word, number, figure)
• Odd one out (classification)
• Coding-Decoding, Blood relation, Directions, Puzzles, Venn diagrams
Basic Arithmetic Knowledge
• Operations: Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
• BODMAS rule
• Fractions, decimals, percentages
• Ratio & proportion, Simple & compound interest
• Time & work, Speed-distance-time
• Profit & loss, simple equations
Mathematics (Numeric, Algebra, Geometry, Statistics)
• Numeric: Place value, LCM, HCF
• Algebra: Basic equations, simplification, formula use
• Geometry: Perimeter, area, volume, angles, triangles, circles
• Statistics: Mean, median, mode, probability, data interpretation
General Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Environment)
• Physics: Force, motion, energy, electricity, magnetism, sound, light
• Chemistry: Elements, compounds, acids, bases, salts, reactions
• Biology: Cell structure, human anatomy (blood, digestive, respiratory, excretory systems)
• Environmental Science: Pollution, renewable energy, conservation, ecosystem balance
Part 2: Subject Related Knowledge
Types of tests done in a medical laboratory
• Hematology: CBC, ESR
• Biochemistry: Blood sugar, liver function, kidney function tests
• Microbiology: Culture & sensitivity
• Pathology: Urine analysis, stool analysis
Name of equipment used in a medical lab
• Microscope, centrifuge, pipette, autoclave, hot air oven
• Hemoglobinometer, spectrophotometer, incubator, glassware
Housekeeping and cleanliness in laboratory
• Importance of aseptic techniques
• Cleaning schedules for instruments
• Use of disinfectants
• Avoiding cross-contamination
Method of chemical disinfection
• 70% alcohol, phenol, formaldehyde, chlorine compounds
• Glutaraldehyde for endoscopes
Method of sterilization of lab equipment
• Autoclaving (moist heat, 121°C, 15 psi, 15–20 min)
• Hot air oven (dry heat, 160–180°C, 1–2 hrs)
• Filtration (for heat-sensitive solutions)
• UV radiation (surface sterilization)
How blood sample is taken (Venepuncture)
• Site selection (median cubital vein)
• Use of sterile needle/syringe or vacutainer
• Antiseptic cleaning before puncture
• Correct labeling after collection
How labeling of sample is done
• Patient’s name, ID number, date, time of collection
• Test requested, initials of phlebotomist
Quality control
• Internal QC: Running controls with patient samples
• External QC: Participation in proficiency testing
• Calibration of equipment, standardization of reagents
Inventory control
• Stock register maintenance
• FIFO (First In First Out) method
• Regular monitoring of consumables
Bio-medical waste management
• Segregation at source (Color-coded bins: Red, Yellow, Blue, Black)
• Disposal methods: Autoclaving, incineration, deep burial
• Safe handling of sharps and infectious materials
