MATHEMATICS

CPP
PROBABILITY
REVISION (Advanced) ` KKP / MYP CENTRE

SINGLE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. Five teams of equal strength play against each other in a tournament and each match ends in a
win or loss for a team. The probability that no team win all its games or loss all its games is
(A) 17/32 (B) 15/32 (C) 13/22 (D) 10/32

2. Suppose f x  x 3  ax 2  bx  c where a, b, c are chosen respectively by throwing a die three

times, then the probability that f(x) is an increasing function is
(A) 4/9 (B) 3/8 (C) 2/5 (D) 16/34

3. A letter is known to have come either from LONDON or CLIFTON; on the postmark only the two
consecutive letters ON are legible. The probability that it came from LONDON is
(A) 1/17 (B) 12/17 (C) 17/30 (D) 3/5

4. In a game a coin is tossed 2n  m times and a player wins if he does not get any two consecutive
outcomes same for at least 2n times in a row. The probability that player wins the game is
m2 2n  2 2n  2 m2
(A) 2 n (B) (C) 2 n1 (D) 2 n
2 1 2 2n
2 2

ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. n (n  6) persons are sitting round a table. Three persons are selected at random. For the chance
1
of selecting them such that no two of them are sitting adjacent two each other to be at least ,
2
then the value of n can be
(A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14

2. A bag contains four tickets with numbers 112, 121, 211, 222. One ticket is drawn at random from
the bag. Let Ei i  1, 2,3 denote the event that ith digit on the drawn ticket is 2. Then
(A) E1 , E2 , E3 are pair – wise independent (B) E1 , E2 are independent
(C) E2 and E3 are not independent (D) E1 , E2 , E3 are mutually independent

3. If E and F are the complementary events of events E and F respectively and if 0  F   1, then
(A) P E /F   P E /F   1 (B) P E /F   P E / F   1

(C) P E /F   P E / F   1 (D) P E /F   P E / F   1

4. The content of 3 urns 1, 2, 3 are as follows: 1 white, 2 black, 3 red balls; 2 white, 1 black, 1 red balls;
4 white, 5 black, 3 red balls. One urn is selected at random and two balls drawn and these happen
to be white and red. Then the probability that they come from
55 30 33 59
(A) 2nd urn is (B) 3rd urn is (C) 1st urn (D) 3rd urn is
118 118 118 118

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5. When 2 fair die is thrown twice, let (a, (B) denote the outcome in which the first throw shows a
and the second shows b. Further, let A, B and C be the following events: A   a , b|a is odd ,
B   a , b|b is odd and C   a , b|a  b is odd . Then
1 1 1
(A) P  A  B  (B) P B  C   (C) P  A  C   (D) P  A  B  C   0
4 4 4

6. A cubical die is thrown 9 times and the numbers obtained are written as a 9-digit number. The
probability that the number.
1 1
(A) begins with 246 is 3 (B) ends with 135 is 3
6 6
1 431
(C) begins with 246 and ends with 135 is 6 (D) begins with 246 or ends with 135 is 6
6 6

7. A certain coin is tossed with probability of showing head being p. Let Q denotes the probability
that when the coin is tossed four times the number of heads obtained is even. Then
1 3
(A) there is no value of p, if Q  (B) there is exactly one value of p if Q 
4 4
3 4
(C) there are exactly two values of p if Q  (D) there are exactly four value of p if Q 
5 5

8. If n different objects are distributed among n  2 persons, then

n  1!
(A) Probability that exactly 2 persons will get nothing is n1
2  n  2
n2
C 3 n  1 n C 2 n  2!
(B) Probability that exactly 3 persons will not get anything is
n  2 
n

n  n  1  n  1
2
(C) Probability that exactly 3 persons will not get anything is n1
12 n  2
n 2  n  1
2
(D) Probability that exactly 2 persons will get nothing is n1
n  2 

9. There are two urns 1 and 2 . 1 contains 2 white and 8 black balls and 2 contains 4 white and
6 black balls. One urn is chosen at random and a ball is drawn and its colour noted and replaced
back to the urn. Again a ball is drawn from the same urn, colour noted and replace. The process is
repeated 3 times and as a result one ball of white colour and 2 of black are obtained. Then the
probability that the urn chosen
(A) was 1 is 8/17 (B) was 2 is 9/17 (C) was 1 is 9/17 (D) was 2 is 8/17

10. In a bolt factory, three machines A, B and C produce 25%, 35% and 40% of total output,
respectively. It was found that 5%, 4% and 2% , respectively are defective bolts in the production
by machines A, B, C respectively. If a bolt is chosen at random from the total output. If a bolt is
chosen and is found to be defective, then the chance that the bolt comes from the machine
25 30 16 27
(A) A is (B) B is (C) C is (D) A is
69 69 69 69

11. A bag contains b blue balls and r red balls. If two balls are drawn at random, the probability of
drawing two red balls is five times the probability of drawing two blue balls. Further more, the
probability of drawing one ball of each colour is six times the probability of drawing two blue
balls. Then
b
(A) b  r  9 (B) br  18 (C) b  r  4 (D)  2
r
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12. A ship is fitted with three engines E1 , E2 and E3 . The engines function independently of each
1 1 1
other respective probabilities , and . For the ship to be operational atleast two of it’s
2 4 4
engines must function. Let X denote the event that the ship is operational and let X 1 , X 2 and X 3
denote respectively the events that the engines E1 , E2 and E3 are functioning. Which of the
following is (are) true?
 Xc  3  exactly two engines of the ship functioning  7
(A) P  1   (B) P  
 X  16  X  8
X 5 X 7
(C) P    (D) P   
 X 2  16  X1  16

13. A rational number is selected at random from the set of all rational numbers from the interval
(2010, 2011) all whose digits after the decimal point are non-zero and are in the decreasing order
then
36
(A) The probability that it has exactly seven digits after the decimal point is
511
256
(B) The probability that it contains the digit 3 after the decimal point is
511
63
(C) The probability that the last digit after the decimal point is atleast 4 is
511
32
(D) The probability that the last digit after the decimal point is 4 is
511

COMPREHENSION TYPE:
Passage – I
A chess match between two grandmasters X and Y is won by whoever first wins a total of two games. X’s
chances of winning, drawing or losing any particular game are a, b, c respectively. The games are
independent and a  b  c  1

1. The probability that X wins the match in n  1th game n  1

(A) na 2 bn1 (B) a2 nbn1  nn  1 b n2 c 
(C) na 2 bc n1 (D) na 2 bn2 c

2. The probability that Y wins the match in the 4th game is

(A) 3bc 2 b  2 a (B) bc 2 3b  a (C) 2ac 2 b  c  (D) abc 2 a  3b

3. The probability that Y wins the match is

c 3  3c 2 a a3  3a 2 c a3 c3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
a  c a  c  a  c  a  c
3 3 3 3

Passage – II
A box contains n coins. Let P Ei  be the probability that exactly i out of n coins are biased. If P Ei  is
directly proportional to i i  1 ; 1  i  n .

4. Proportionality constant K is equal to

3 1 3 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n n2  1 n2  1n  2 n n  1n  2 n  1n  2n  3

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5. If P be the probability that a coin selected at random is biased then Lt P is ______
n
1 3 3 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 4 5 8

6. If a coin selected at random is found to be biased then the probability that it is the only biased coin
in the box is _______
1 12
(A) (B)
n  1n  2n  3n  4 n n  1n  2 3n  1
24 24
(C) (D)
n n  1n  2 2n  1 n n  1n  2 3n  1

Passage – III
Two persons A and B throw a pair of dice each simultaneously. Let X, Y be the scores (sum of the
numbers on two dice) obtained by them individually. Then answer the following questions.

7. P X  Y  
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/108 (C) 335/1296 (D) 575/1296

8. P X  Y  
(A) 335/1296 (B) 73/648 (C) 1/108 (D) 575/1296

9. P X  5 and Y  10 
(A) 1/108 (B) 575/1296 (C) 1/6 (D) 73/648

Passage – IV
The letter of the word MATHEMATICS are arranged at random then the probability that

10. Out of 3 pairs of letters M’s, T’s, A’s exactly two pairs of together is
14 4 14 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
495 165 165 495

11. Only M’s are together (A’s and T’s are separated is)
58 14 76
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
495 165 495

12. No pairs of repeated letters are together is

5 437 151
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
9 495 165

Passage – V
There are four boxes A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 . Box Ak has k balls and on each ball one number is printed, the
k
numbers are from 1 to k . A box is selected randomly, the probability of selection of box Ak is and
10
then a ball is drawn. Let Ek represents the event that the ball with number ' k ' is drawn

4
13. The value of  P Ek  Ak  is
k 1
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/5 (C) 2/5 (D) 1/10

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 A 
14. P  3  is equal to
 E2 
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/3 (C) 1/4 (D) 2/3

15. One ball is drawn from each box randomly. The probability that the sum of four numbers
appearing on the balls is less than 6 is
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/12 (C) 1/15 (D) 1/24
Paragraph-VI
In a class of 10 students, probability of exactly k students passing an examination is directly proportional
to k 2 . Then answer the following questions:

16. The probability that exactly 5 students passing an examination is

(A) 1/11 (B) 5/77 (C) 25/77 (D) 10/77

17. If a student is selected at random, then the probability that he has passed the examination is
(A) 1/7 (B) 11/35 (C) 11/14 (D) None of these

INTEGER TYPE
1. Two non – negative integers are chosen at random from a set of non – negative integer with
replacement. If the probability that sum of the squares divisible by 10 is P then 50P is
p2
2. If P is chosen at random in [0, 5] and the probability that the equation x 2  px   0 has real
4

roots is then   ________________
10
3. A bag contains n  1 coins. It is known that one of these coins shows heads on both sides,
whereas the other coins are fair. Once coin is selected at random and tossed. If the probability that
7
toss results in heads is , then the value of n is
12
4. In a school, 5% of the boys and 1% of the girls have an IQ of more than 125. 70% of the students
are girls. If a student is selected and has an IQ of more then 125, the chance that the student is a
K
girl is . Then K is ______________
22
5. 8n players P1 , P2 , P3 ,...P8n play a knock out tournament. It is known that all the players are of
equal strength. The tournament is held in three rounds where the players are paired at random in
each round. If it is given that P wins in the third round. If the probability that P looses in the
8
second round is , then the value of n is
31
6. An urn contains two white and two black balls, A ball is drawn at random. If it is white, it is not
replaced into urn otherwise it is replaced along with another ball of the same colour. The process
23
is repeated. If p is the probability that the third ball drawn is black, then the value of is
5p

7. Of the three independent event E1 , E2 and E3 the probability that only E1 occurs is  , only E2
occurs is  and only E3 occurs is  . Let the probability p that none of events E1 , E2 or E3 occurs
satisfy the equations   2  p   and   3  p  2 . All the given probabilities are assumed
Pr obability of occurrence of E1
to lie in the interval (0, 1) then 
Pr obability of occurrence of E3
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8. There are two red, two blue, two white and a certain number (greater than 0) of green socks in a
drawer. If two socks are taken at random from the drawer without replacement, the probability
1
that they are of same colour is , then the number of green socks is
5

9. If two loaded dice each have the property that 2 or 4 is three times as likely to appear as 1, 3, 5 or 6
on each roll. When two such dice are rolled the probability of obtaining a total of 7 is p, then the
 1
value of   , where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function is
 p
 

10. Die A has four red and two white faces whereas die B has two red and four white faces. A coin is
flipped once. If it falls a head, the game continues by throwing die A, if it falls tail then die B is to
32
be used. If the probability that die A used is when it is given that red turns up every time in
243
first n throws, then the value of n  2 is

11. Let n be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can stand in a queue in such a way that
all the girls stand consecutively in the queue. Let m be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5
girls can stand in a queue in such a way that exactly four girls stand consecutively in the queue.
m
Then the value of is
n

12. A bag contains b blue balls and r red balls. If two balls are drawn at random, the probability of
drawing two red balls is five times the probability of drawing two blue balls. Furthermore, the
probability of drawing one ball of each colour is six times the probability of drawing two blue
balls. Then b  r is

13. Three of six vertices of a rectangular hexagon are chosen at random. The probability that the
triangle with three vertices is equilateral equals to 1/k. then k  6 equal to

14. Seven digits from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are written in a random order. The probability
that this seven digits number is divisible by 9 is 1/n then n= _______

15. An unbiased normal coin is tossed ' n ' times. Let E1 : event that both heads and tails are present in
' n ' tosses, E2 : event that the coin shows up head’s atmost once.
The value of ' n ' for which E1 and E2 are independent is ___________.

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE:

1. Two dice are thrown. Let A be the event that sum of the numbers on the two dice is odd and B be
the event that atleast one 3 is there, then match the following:
Column - I Column - II
(A) P  A  B (P) 12
36
(B) P  A  B (Q) 6
36
(C) P  A  B (R) 23
36
(D) P  A  B (S) 13
36

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2. A bag contains some white and some black balls, all combinations being equally likely. The total
number of balls in the bag is 12. Four balls are drawn at random from the bag at random without
replacement. Now match the entries from the following two columns:

Column – I Column – II
(A) Probability that all the four balls are black is equal to (P) 14
33
(B) If the bag contains 10 black and 2 white ball then the (Q) 1
probability that all four balls are black is equal to 5
(C) If all the four balls are black then the probability that the bag (R) 70
contains 10 black balls is equal to 429
(D) Probability that two balls are black and two are white is equal (S) 13
to 165

3. There are 10 pairs of shoes in a cup board from which 4 shoes are taken at random.
If P(E) denotes the probability of the event E .
Match the following:
Column I Column II
(A) P ( getting no pair) (P) 99
323
(B) P (getting at least one pair) (Q) 96
323
(C) P (getting exactly two pairs) (R) 224
323
(D) P ( getting exactly one pair ) (S) 3
323

4. Match the functions given in Column I with their domain in Column II. A is a set containing n
elements . A subset P of A is chosen at random. The set A is reconstructed by replacing the
elements of the subset P. A subset Q of A is again chosen at random then the probability that

Column I Column II
(A) P  Q   is (P) n 3n1 
4n
(B) P  Q is a singleton set is (Q) 3/4
n

(C) P  Q contain 2 elements is (R) 2n

Cn
4n
(D) P  Q where X = number of (S) 3n2 ( n  1)n
elements in X is 2(4n )

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 KEY
SINGLE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1. A

ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. BCD 2. ABC 3. AD 4. ABC 5. ABCD
6. ABCD 7. AC 8. AB 9. AB 10. AC
11. AB 12. BD 13. ABCD

COMPREHENSION TYPE:
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
11. A 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. B 17. C

INTEGER TYPE
1. 9 2. 6 3. 5 4. 7 5. 4
6. 6 7. 6 8. 4 9. 7 10. 7
11. 5 12. 9 13. 4 14. 9 15. 3

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE:

1. A – R, B – Q, C – P, D – S 2. A –Q, B – P, C – Q, D – R
3. A –R, B – P, C – S, D – Q 4. A –Q, B – P, C – S, D – R

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